WO2021197251A1 - 一种通信方法及装置 - Google Patents

一种通信方法及装置 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2021197251A1
WO2021197251A1 PCT/CN2021/083539 CN2021083539W WO2021197251A1 WO 2021197251 A1 WO2021197251 A1 WO 2021197251A1 CN 2021083539 W CN2021083539 W CN 2021083539W WO 2021197251 A1 WO2021197251 A1 WO 2021197251A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
network device
duration
qos
packet loss
qos flow
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/083539
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
徐小英
黄曲芳
娄崇
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Publication of WO2021197251A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021197251A1/zh

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/16—Central resource management; Negotiation of resources or communication parameters, e.g. negotiating bandwidth or QoS [Quality of Service]
    • H04W28/24—Negotiating SLA [Service Level Agreement]; Negotiating QoS [Quality of Service]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/16—Central resource management; Negotiation of resources or communication parameters, e.g. negotiating bandwidth or QoS [Quality of Service]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/10—Connection setup

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a communication method and device.
  • the low-latency and high-reliable communication (ultra-reliable and low latency communication, URLLC) service air interface index is set as the user interface requirement. Guarantee 1 millisecond (ms) delay plus 99.999% reliability requirement.
  • the application layer of the terminal device and the application layer of the application server can set a survival time.
  • Time to live means that if the application layer does not receive a data packet within the expected time range of the data packet, it will start the time to live timer. If the expected application layer data packet arrives while the timer is running, The timer is stopped; if the timer runs until it times out, that is, if no expected application layer data packet arrives during the active period of the time-to-live timer, the application layer is interrupted, which may affect the business . Therefore, how to avoid the interruption of the service of the terminal equipment at the application layer still needs further research.
  • the present application provides a communication method and device to avoid interruption of the service of the terminal device at the application layer.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a communication method, which can be applied to a first network device, or can also be applied to a chip inside the first network device. Take the application of this method to the first network device as an example.
  • the first network device receives the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow, and the QoS parameters are used to indicate the upper limit of packet loss that is counted according to the first duration, and The upper limit of packet loss calculated according to the second duration; and, according to the QoS parameter, the data packet of the first QoS flow is transmitted.
  • the network device processes the QoS flow based on the packet loss upper limit value calculated according to at least two time lengths. Compared with the existing solution, the network device performs the QoS calculation according to the packet error rate of the average window. In terms of stream processing, more comprehensive consideration is given to the transmission reliability requirements of the services carried by the first QoS stream, which can more effectively ensure the transmission reliability of the services and avoid the interruption of the services of the terminal equipment at the application layer.
  • the first QoS flow is used to carry the first service, and the first duration is the lifetime of the first service.
  • the service carried by the first QoS flow is a service that is transmitted according to a transmission period, and the first duration includes N transmission periods.
  • the packet loss upper limit for statistics based on the first duration includes: the maximum packet loss rate based on the first duration; or, the maximum packet loss based on the first duration; or, The maximum number of lost packets calculated according to the first duration; or, the packet error rate calculated according to the first duration.
  • the packet loss upper limit value calculated according to the first duration includes: the packet loss upper limit value calculated according to each transmission period of the first duration.
  • the upper limit of packet loss calculated according to each transmission period of the first duration includes: the maximum packet loss rate calculated according to each transmission period of the first duration; or, according to the first duration The maximum packet loss counted for each transmission period; or the maximum packet loss counted for each transmission period of the first duration; or the packet error rate calculated for each transmission period of the first duration .
  • the service carried by the first QoS flow is a service that is transmitted according to the transmission period; the method further includes: obtaining the number of data packets or the amount of data in each transmission period from the core network device.
  • the QoS parameter includes a first duration and a packet loss upper limit calculated according to the first duration; or, the QoS parameter includes a 5G quality of service identifier 5QI, and the 5QI is associated with the first duration And the upper limit of packet loss calculated according to the first duration.
  • the correspondence relationship between 5QI and the first duration and the packet loss upper limit calculated according to the first duration can be defined in advance, that is to say, 5QI is divided into six 5G QoS features such as corresponding resource type and priority level.
  • it can also correspond to the first duration and the upper limit of packet loss statistics based on the first duration.
  • the QoS parameter may include 5QI, without the need to additionally include the first duration and the packet loss upper limit calculated according to the first duration, thereby effectively saving transmission resources.
  • the first network device may receive the QoS parameter from the core network device; wherein the QoS parameter is carried in a PDU session establishment request message or a PDU session modification request message; or, the QoS parameter bears For the handover request message, the first network device is the target network device for the terminal device handover.
  • the first network device may receive the QoS parameters from the second network device; wherein, the second network device is the primary network device of the terminal device, and the first network device is the secondary network device of the terminal device.
  • the QoS parameter is carried in a PDU session establishment request message or a PDU session modification request message; or, the second network device is the source network device of the terminal device, and the first network device is the target network device of the terminal device,
  • the QoS parameters are carried in the handover request message.
  • the main network device can send the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow to the auxiliary network device, so that both the main network device and the auxiliary network device can be based on packet loss statistics based on the two durations.
  • the limit value is used to process the first QoS flow, which can more effectively ensure the transmission reliability of the service and avoid interruption at the application layer.
  • the target network device can obtain the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow, so that after the terminal device is switched to the target network device, the target network device can perform the QoS calculation based on the upper limit of the packet loss calculated according to the two durations. The flow is processed to effectively avoid the interruption of the terminal device's business at the application layer due to the switching of the terminal device.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a communication method, which can be applied to a core network device, or can also be applied to a chip inside the core network device.
  • the core network device obtains the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow, and the QoS parameters are used to indicate the upper limit of packet loss for counting according to the first duration and the counting according to the second duration. Upper limit of packet loss; and, sending the QoS parameter to the network device.
  • the first QoS flow is used to carry the first service, and the first duration is the lifetime of the first service.
  • the service carried by the first QoS flow is a service that is transmitted according to a transmission period, and the first duration includes N transmission periods.
  • the packet loss upper limit for statistics based on the first duration includes: the maximum packet loss rate based on the first duration; or, the maximum packet loss based on the first duration; or, The maximum number of lost packets calculated according to the first duration; or, the packet error rate calculated according to the first duration.
  • the packet loss upper limit value calculated according to the first duration includes: the packet loss upper limit value calculated according to each transmission period of the first duration.
  • the upper limit of packet loss calculated according to each transmission period of the first duration includes: the maximum packet loss rate calculated according to each transmission period of the first duration; or, according to the first duration The maximum packet loss counted for each transmission period; or the maximum packet loss counted for each transmission period of the first duration; or the packet error rate calculated for each transmission period of the first duration .
  • the service carried by the first QoS flow is a service that is transmitted according to a transmission period
  • the method further includes: sending the number of data packets or the amount of data in each transmission period to the network device.
  • the QoS parameter includes a first duration and a packet loss upper limit calculated according to the first duration; or, the QoS parameter includes 5QI, and the 5QI is associated with the first duration and according to the first duration.
  • the QoS parameters are carried in a PDU session establishment request message or a PDU session modification request message; or, the QoS parameters are carried in a handover request message, and the network device is a target network device for terminal device handover .
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a communication method, and the method may be applied to the CU, or may also be applied to the chip inside the CU.
  • the CU obtains the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow, and the QoS parameters are used to indicate the upper limit of packet loss for counting according to the first duration and the statistics according to the second duration. The upper limit of packet loss; and, the CU sends the QoS parameter to the DU.
  • the CU sending the QoS parameter to the DU includes: the CU sending a context establishment request message of the terminal device to the DU, and the context establishment request message includes the QoS parameter.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a communication method, which can be applied to a DU or can also be applied to a chip inside the DU. Take this method applied to DU as an example.
  • the DU receives the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow from the CU, and the QoS parameters are used to indicate the upper limit of packet loss calculated according to the first duration and according to the second duration. An upper limit of packet loss for performing statistics; and, transmitting the data packet of the first QoS flow according to the QoS parameter.
  • the method further includes: DU determining DRB configuration information or logical channel configuration information corresponding to the first QoS flow according to the QoS parameters, and sending the DRB or logical channel configuration information to The CU is further sent by the CU to the terminal device.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a communication method, which may be applied to the CU-CP entity, or may also be applied to a chip inside the CU-CP entity.
  • this method applied to the CU-CP entity as an example, in this method, the CU-CP entity obtains the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow, and the QoS parameters are used to indicate the upper limit of packet loss for counting according to the first duration and The upper limit of packet loss calculated according to the second duration; and, sending the QoS parameter to the CU-UP entity.
  • the sending of the QoS parameters by the CU-CP entity to the CU-UP entity includes: the CU-CP entity sending a bearer context establishment request message to the CU-UP entity, and the bearer context establishment The request message includes the QoS parameter.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a communication method, which may be applied to the CU-UP entity, or may also be applied to a chip inside the CU-UP entity.
  • the CU-UP entity receives the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow from the CU-CP entity, and the QoS parameters are used to indicate the loss of statistics according to the first duration. Packet upper limit value and packet loss upper limit value calculated according to the second duration; and transmitting the data packet of the first QoS flow according to the QoS parameter.
  • the method further includes: the CU-UP entity determines the configuration information of the DRB or logical channel corresponding to the first QoS flow according to the QoS parameters, and configures the configuration information of the DRB or logical channel Sent to the CU-CP entity.
  • the present application provides a communication device.
  • the communication device may be a network device (such as a first network device) or a chip set inside the network device.
  • the network device may include a CU and a DU, and further, the CU may include a CU-CP entity and a CU-UP entity.
  • the communication device is capable of implementing the functions of the first aspect, the third aspect to the sixth aspect, for example, the communication device includes modules or units corresponding to the steps involved in the first aspect, the third aspect to the sixth aspect, or Means:
  • the functions or units or means can be realized by software, or by hardware, or by hardware executing corresponding software.
  • the communication device includes a processing unit and a communication unit.
  • the communication unit can be used to send and receive signals to achieve communication between the communication device and other devices.
  • the communication unit is used to receive Configuration information of the network device; the processing unit can be used to perform some internal operations of the communication device.
  • the functions performed by the processing unit and the communication unit may correspond to the steps involved in the first aspect, the third aspect to the sixth aspect described above.
  • the communication device includes a processor, and may also include a transceiver.
  • the transceiver is used to send and receive signals.
  • the communication device may further include one or more memories, and the memories are used for coupling with the processor.
  • the one or more memories may be integrated with the processor, or may be provided separately from the processor, which is not limited in this application.
  • the memory may store necessary computer programs or instructions to realize the functions related to the first aspect, the third aspect to the sixth aspect.
  • the processor can execute the computer program or instruction stored in the memory, and when the computer program or instruction is executed, the communication device realizes any possible design or design of the first aspect, the third aspect to the sixth aspect. The method in the implementation mode.
  • the communication device includes a processor and a memory, and the memory can store necessary computer programs or instructions for realizing the functions involved in the first aspect, the third aspect to the sixth aspect.
  • the processor can execute the computer program or instruction stored in the memory, and when the computer program or instruction is executed, the communication device realizes any possible design or design of the first aspect, the third aspect to the sixth aspect. The method in the implementation mode.
  • the communication device includes at least one processor and an interface circuit, where at least one processor is configured to communicate with other devices through the interface circuit, and execute the first aspect, the third aspect to the first aspect, and the third aspect to the first aspect. Any possible design or implementation method in the six aspects.
  • the present application provides a communication device.
  • the communication device may be a core network device or a chip set inside the core network device.
  • the communication device is capable of implementing the functions involved in the above second aspect.
  • the communication device includes modules or units or means corresponding to the steps involved in the above second aspect, and the functions or units or means can be implemented by software, or It is realized by hardware, and it can also be realized by hardware executing corresponding software.
  • the communication device includes a processing unit and a communication unit.
  • the communication unit can be used to send and receive signals to achieve communication between the communication device and other devices.
  • the communication unit is used to communicate with the terminal.
  • the device sends system information; the processing unit can be used to perform some internal operations of the communication device.
  • the functions performed by the processing unit and the communication unit may correspond to the steps involved in the second aspect described above.
  • the communication device includes a processor, and may also include a transceiver.
  • the transceiver is used to send and receive signals, and the processor executes program instructions to complete any possible design or design in the second aspect.
  • the communication device may further include one or more memories, and the memories are used for coupling with the processor.
  • the one or more memories may be integrated with the processor, or may be provided separately from the processor, which is not limited in this application.
  • the memory can store the necessary computer programs or instructions for realizing the functions involved in the second aspect described above.
  • the processor can execute the computer program or instruction stored in the memory, and when the computer program or instruction is executed, the communication device realizes the method in any possible design or implementation manner of the second aspect.
  • the communication device includes a processor and a memory, and the memory can store necessary computer programs or instructions for realizing the functions involved in the second aspect.
  • the processor can execute the computer program or instruction stored in the memory, and when the computer program or instruction is executed, the communication device realizes the method in any possible design or implementation manner of the second aspect.
  • the communication device includes at least one processor and an interface circuit, where at least one processor is used to communicate with other devices through the interface circuit, and execute any possible design or implementation of the second aspect above.
  • the method in the way.
  • the present application provides a communication system.
  • the communication system may include a first network device and a core network device.
  • the first network device may include a CU and a DU
  • the CU may include a CU-CP entity and a CU-UP entity.
  • the first network device can be used to implement any possible design or implementation method of the first aspect
  • the core network device can be used to implement any possible design or implementation method of the second aspect. Methods.
  • the core network device is configured to obtain the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow, and the QoS parameters are used to indicate the upper limit of packet loss statistics based on the first duration and the statistics based on the second duration. Packet loss upper limit value; and, sending the QoS parameter to the first network device; the first network device is configured to receive the QoS parameter from the core network device, and transmit all data according to the QoS parameter Describe the data packets of the first QoS flow.
  • the communication system further includes a second network device; the first network device is further configured to send the QoS parameter to the second network device; the second network device The network device is configured to receive the QoS parameter from the first network device, and transmit the data packet of the second QoS flow according to the QoS parameter; wherein, the first network device is the main network device of the terminal device, so The second network device is an auxiliary network device of the terminal device, and the first QoS flow and the second QoS flow are the same QoS flow; or, the first network device is the source network device of the terminal device , The second network device is a target network device of the terminal device.
  • the communication system further includes a second network device; the core network device is further configured to send the QoS parameter to the second network device; the second network The device is configured to receive the QoS parameter from the core network device, and transmit the data packet of the second QoS flow according to the QoS parameter; wherein, the first network device is the source network device of the terminal device, and The second network device is a target network device of the terminal device.
  • this application provides a computer-readable storage medium that stores computer-readable instructions.
  • the computer reads and executes the computer-readable instructions, the computer executes the first aspects to Any possible design method of the sixth aspect.
  • this application provides a computer program product, which when a computer reads and executes the computer program product, causes the computer to execute any one of the possible design methods of the first aspect to the sixth aspect.
  • the present application provides a chip that includes a processor, and the processor is coupled with a memory, and is configured to read and execute a software program stored in the memory to implement the first aspect to the first aspect. Any of the six possible design methods.
  • FIG. 1a is a schematic diagram of a network architecture applicable to an embodiment of this application.
  • Figure 1b is a schematic diagram of a PDU session establishment process provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 1c is a schematic diagram of another network architecture to which an embodiment of this application is applicable.
  • Figure 1d is a schematic diagram of the survival time provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a flow corresponding to the communication method provided in Embodiment 1 of this application;
  • 3a to 3f are schematic diagrams of several types of data transmission provided by embodiments of this application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a process corresponding to the communication method provided in the second embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a process corresponding to the communication method provided in Embodiment 3 of this application;
  • FIG. 6a is a schematic diagram of another network architecture to which an embodiment of this application is applicable.
  • FIG. 6b is a schematic diagram of another network architecture to which the embodiments of this application are applicable.
  • Fig. 6c is a schematic diagram of the distribution of an air interface protocol stack based on Fig. 6b;
  • FIG. 6d is a schematic diagram of a user plane protocol layer provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a flow corresponding to the communication method provided in the fourth embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a process corresponding to the communication method provided in Embodiment 5 of this application.
  • FIG. 9 is a possible exemplary block diagram of a device involved in an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a network device provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a core network device provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 1a is a schematic diagram of a network architecture to which an embodiment of this application is applicable.
  • the terminal device 130 can access a wireless network to obtain services from an external network (such as the Internet) through the wireless network, or communicate with other devices through the wireless network, for example, it can communicate with other terminal devices.
  • the wireless network includes a radio access network (RAN) and a core network (CN).
  • the RAN is used to connect terminal equipment (such as terminal equipment 1301 or terminal equipment 1302) to the wireless network.
  • CN Used to manage terminal equipment and provide a gateway for communication with the external network.
  • terminal equipment also called user equipment (UE)
  • UE user equipment
  • the terminal device may be a mobile phone (mobile phone), a tablet computer (pad), a computer with wireless transceiver function, a virtual reality (VR) terminal, an augmented reality (AR) terminal, an industrial control (industrial control) Wireless terminals in ), wireless terminals in self-driving, wireless terminals in remote medical, wireless terminals in smart grid, and wireless terminals in transportation safety , Wireless terminals in smart cities, wireless terminals in smart homes, etc.
  • VR virtual reality
  • AR augmented reality
  • industrial control industrial control
  • Wireless terminals in wireless terminals in self-driving, wireless terminals in remote medical, wireless terminals in smart grid, and wireless terminals in transportation safety , Wireless terminals in smart cities, wireless terminals in smart homes, etc.
  • the above-mentioned terminal device may establish a connection with the operator's network through an interface (such as N1, etc.) provided by the operator's network, and use services such as data and/or voice provided by the operator's network.
  • the terminal device can also access the data network through the operator's network, and use the operator's services deployed on the data network and/or the services provided by a third party.
  • the above-mentioned third party may be a service party other than the operator's network and terminal equipment, and may provide other services such as data and/or voice for the terminal equipment.
  • the specific form of expression of the above-mentioned third party can be determined according to actual application scenarios, and is not limited here.
  • the RAN may include one or more RAN devices.
  • a RAN device is a node or device that connects a terminal device to a wireless network.
  • the RAN device may also be called a network device or a base station.
  • Examples of RAN equipment include but are not limited to: new generation Node B (gNodeB), evolved node B (evolved node B, eNB), radio network controller (RNC), and node B in the 5G communication system.
  • gNodeB new generation Node B
  • eNB evolved node B
  • RNC radio network controller
  • node B node B, NB
  • base station controller BSC
  • base transceiver station BTS
  • home base station for example, home evolved nodeB, or home node B, HNB
  • baseband unit baseBand unit
  • BBU transmission and receiving point
  • TRP transmitting and receiving point
  • TP mobile switching center
  • the CN may include one or more CN devices.
  • the CN may include access and mobility management functions (AMF) network elements and session management functions (session management). function, SMF) network element, user plane function (UPF) network element, policy control function (PCF) network element, unified data management (UDM) network element, application function (application) function, AF) network element, etc.
  • AMF access and mobility management functions
  • SMF session management functions
  • UPF user plane function
  • PCF policy control function
  • UDM unified data management
  • application application function
  • AF application function
  • the AMF network element is a control plane network element provided by the operator's network. It is responsible for the access control and mobility management of terminal equipment accessing the operator's network. For example, it includes functions such as mobile status management, allocation of temporary user identities, authentication and authorization of users, etc. .
  • the SMF network element is a control plane network element provided by the operator's network, and is responsible for managing the protocol data unit (protocol data unit, PDU) session of the terminal device.
  • the PDU session is a channel used to transmit PDUs, and the terminal device needs to transmit PDUs to each other through the PDU session and the DN.
  • the PDU session is established, maintained, and deleted by the SMF network element.
  • SMF network elements include session management (such as session establishment, modification, and release, including tunnel maintenance between UPF and RAN), UPF network element selection and control, service and session continuity (SSC) mode selection, Session-related functions such as roaming.
  • session management such as session establishment, modification, and release, including tunnel maintenance between UPF and RAN
  • UPF network element selection and control including tunnel maintenance between UPF and RAN
  • SSC service and session continuity
  • the UPF network element is a gateway provided by the operator, and a gateway for the communication between the operator's network and the DN.
  • UPF network elements include user plane-related functions such as packet routing and transmission, packet inspection, service usage reporting, quality of service (QoS) processing, lawful monitoring, upstream packet inspection, and downstream packet storage.
  • QoS quality of service
  • the PCF network element is a control plane function provided by the operator, which is used to provide a PDU session strategy to the SMF network element.
  • Policies can include charging-related policies, QoS-related policies, and authorization-related policies.
  • the UDM network element is a control plane network element provided by the operator, and is responsible for storing subscriber permanent identifier (SUPI), security context (security context), subscription data and other information of the subscribers in the operator's network.
  • SUPI subscriber permanent identifier
  • security context security context
  • subscription data subscription data and other information of the subscribers in the operator's network.
  • the AF network element is a functional network element that provides various business services, and can interact with the core network through other network elements, and can interact with the policy management framework for policy management.
  • DN can also be called packet data network (packet data network, PDN), which is a network located outside the operator's network, and the operator's network can be connected to multiple DNs and DNs
  • PDN packet data network
  • a variety of services can be deployed, and services such as data and/or voice can be provided for terminal devices.
  • the CN may also include other possible network elements, such as network exposure function (NEF), unified data repository (UDR) network elements, and NEF network elements for Provide framework, authentication and interfaces related to network capability opening, and transfer information between 5G system network functions and other network functions; UDR network elements are mainly used to store user-related subscription data, policy data, and open structured data , Application data.
  • NEF network exposure function
  • UDR unified data repository
  • Npcf, Nudm, Naf, Namf, Nsmf, N1, N2, N3, N4, and N6 are interface serial numbers.
  • the meaning of these interface serial numbers can be referred to the meaning defined in the relevant standard protocol, and there is no restriction here.
  • FIG. 1a uses a 5G communication system as an example for illustration.
  • the solutions in the embodiments of the present application can also be applied to other possible communication systems, such as the 6th generation (6G) in the future.
  • the foregoing network elements or functions may be network elements in hardware devices, software functions running on dedicated hardware, or virtualization functions instantiated on a platform (for example, a cloud platform).
  • the foregoing network element or function may be implemented by one device, or jointly implemented by multiple devices, or may be a functional module in one device, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the terminal device and the data network can perform data transmission through a PDU session.
  • the terminal device can establish multiple PDU sessions to connect to the same data network or different data networks.
  • Each PDU session can transmit multiple data streams with different QoS requirements, which are called QoS streams.
  • the network device can configure air interface resources for the QoS flow in the PDU session according to the QoS parameters corresponding to the QoS flow in the PDU session, and transmit data packets in the QoS flow according to the QoS parameters.
  • Figure 1b is a schematic diagram of a PDU session establishment process. As shown in Figure 1b, the process includes:
  • Step 101 The AF network element sends the QoS requirement information of the service (for example, service 1) to the PCF network element.
  • Step 102 The PCF network element receives the QoS requirement information of service 1, and determines the policy and charging control rule (PCC) rule (policy and charging control, PCC) corresponding to service 1 according to the QoS requirement information of service 1, where the PCC rule It may include a service data flow (service data flow, SDF) template and QoS parameters corresponding to service 1.
  • PCC policy and charging control rule
  • PCC policy and charging control
  • Step 103 The PCF network element sends the PCC rule to the SMF network element.
  • the SMF network element after the SMF network element receives the PDU session establishment request from the terminal device, it can send a request message to the PCF network element.
  • the request message is used to obtain the PCC rules.
  • the PCF network element After the PCF network element receives the request message, it can change the PCC rules. Sent to the SMF network element.
  • Step 104 The SMF network element determines the QoS parameter of each QoS flow in one or more QoS flows included in the PDU session to be established.
  • one or more QoS flows include a first QoS flow, the first QoS flow is used to carry service 1, and the QoS parameter of the first QoS flow is the QoS parameter corresponding to service 1.
  • Step 105 The SMF network element sends a PDU session establishment request to the network device through the AMF network element, and the AMF network element transparently transmits the request of the SMF network element; wherein the PDU session establishment request includes one or more QoS that needs to be established in the PDU session The QoS parameters of each QoS flow in the flow.
  • Step 106 The network device receives the PDU session establishment request, and configures air interface resources according to the QoS parameters of each QoS flow in the PDU session establishment request.
  • Step 107 The network device sends a response message indicating that the PDU session is successfully established to the SMF network element through the AMF network element.
  • the QoS flow may include a guaranteed bit rate (GBR) QoS flow and a non-guaranteed bit rate (Non-guaranteed bit rate, Non-GBR) QoS flow.
  • GBR guaranteed bit rate
  • Non-GBR non-guaranteed bit rate
  • the services carried by GBR QoS flows have strict requirements on delay and can tolerate higher data packet loss rates, such as conversational video services; services carried by non-GBR QoS flows have strict requirements on the integrity of information , Do not allow high data packet loss rate, such as web browsing, file downloading and other services.
  • QoS parameters may include 5G QoS identifier (5G QoS identifier, 5QI), guaranteed flow bit rate (GFBR), and maximum flow bit rate (MFBR).
  • 5G QoS identifier 5QI
  • GFBR guaranteed flow bit rate
  • MFBR maximum flow bit rate
  • GFBR represents the bit rate guaranteed by the network to provide the QoS flow on the average window; MFBR is used to limit the bit rate to the highest bit rate expected by the QoS flow (for example, when the MFBR is exceeded, the data packet may be affected by the UE/RAN/UPF throw away).
  • the value of GFBR may be the same in uplink (UL) and downlink (DL), and the value of MFBR may also be the same in UL and DL.
  • 5QI is a scalar, used to index the corresponding 5G QoS features.
  • 5QI is divided into standardized 5QI, pre-configured 5QI and dynamically allocated 5QI.
  • the standardized 5QI has a one-to-one correspondence with a set of standardized 5G QoS features; the 5G QoS feature values corresponding to the pre-configured 5QI can be pre-configured on the network equipment; the 5G QoS features corresponding to the dynamically allocated 5QI are sent to the core network equipment Network equipment.
  • (1) Resource type including GBR, delay critical GBR and Non-GBR.
  • the Non-GBR QoS flow can use the Non-GBR resource type.
  • GBR QoS flow can use GBR resource type or delay-sensitive GBR resource type; for GBR resource type and delay-sensitive GBR resource type, the definition of packet delay budget and packet error rate are different, and the default maximum data
  • the burst volume is only applicable to delay-sensitive GBR resource types. In the embodiments of the present application, the description will mainly focus on the delay-sensitive GBR resource types.
  • Priority level which represents the resource scheduling priority between 5G QoS flows. This parameter is used to distinguish each QoS flow of a terminal device, and it can also be used to distinguish QoS flows of different terminal devices. The smaller the parameter value, the higher the priority.
  • the packet delay budget defines the upper limit of the data packet transmission delay between the terminal device and the anchor UPF network element. For a certain 5QI, the value of PDB is the same in UL and DL.
  • Packet error rate defines an upper limit, that is, the data packet has been processed by the link layer (such as the RLC layer) of the sender, but has not been submitted to the upper layer by the corresponding receiver (such as The upper limit of the ratio of the PDCP layer).
  • the packet error rate can also be called the packet error rate, and the two can be replaced with each other. It should be noted that for GBR QoS flows that use delay-sensitive GBR resource types, if the data burst sent in the PDB period is less than the default maximum data burst and the QoS flow does not exceed the guaranteed flow bit rate, the delay is greater than the PDB The data packets are counted as lost.
  • the average window is defined for GBR QoS flow, and is used for statistics of GFBR and MFBR of relevant network elements.
  • MDBV Maximum data burst volume
  • the standardized 5QI value is 82
  • the corresponding resource type is delay-sensitive GBR
  • the priority level is 19
  • PDB is 10ms
  • PER is 10 -4
  • MDBV is 255 bytes (byte)
  • the average window is 2000 ms.
  • TSN time-sensitive network
  • uplink/downlink transmission can be performed through the 5G communication system.
  • Fig. 1c is a schematic diagram of another network architecture to which the embodiments of this application are applicable, and the network architecture combines a 5G communication system and a TSN system.
  • the TSN system may include centralized network configuration (CNC) network elements, centralized user configuration (CUC) network elements, and data terminals (end stations).
  • CNC network elements and CUC network elements are configuration network elements in the TSN system, which are used to implement TSN configuration.
  • the data terminal can be divided into a talker and a listener.
  • the sender of the TSN service is called the talker
  • the receiver of the TSN service is called the listener.
  • the user plane (UP)1 of the TSN adaptation function is added on the UPF network element
  • the UP2 of the TSN adaptation function is added on the terminal device.
  • the AF network element serves as a connection node between the 5G communication system and the TSN
  • the AF network element can interact with the CNC network element in the TSN.
  • UPF and UP1 and terminal equipment and UP2 are drawn separately in Figure 1b, in fact, UP1 and UP2 are the logical functions of the user plane TSN adaptation function.
  • UP1 can be deployed on UPF network elements, or UP1 can be UPF network elements
  • UP2 can be deployed on the terminal device, or UP2 can be the internal function module of the terminal device.
  • the TSN adaptation function refers to adapting the characteristics and information of the 5G network to the information required by the TSN, and communicates with the network elements in the TSN through the interface defined by the TSN.
  • the CNC network element in the TSN system can send the QoS requirement information of the TSN service to the AF network element, and then the AF network element can perform the QoS of the TSN service
  • the requirement information is transformed or translated, and the translated TSN service QoS requirement information is sent to the PCF network element.
  • the PCF network element determines the PCC rule based on the translated TSN service QoS requirement information, and then adopts Figure 1b
  • the illustrated process establishes a QoS flow to carry TSN services.
  • the QoS flow used to carry the TSN service may be a GBR QoS flow, and the GBR QoS flow may adopt a delay-sensitive GBR resource type.
  • the application layer can set the lifetime at the application layer.
  • the time to live means that if the application layer does not receive the data packet within the expected time range of the data packet, it will start the time to live timer. If the expected application layer data packet arrives while the timer is running, Then the timer stops; if the timer runs until it times out, that is, if no expected application layer data packet arrives during the active period of the time-to-live timer, the application layer is interrupted. At this time, after the application layer is interrupted, it will enter a predefined state, such as business interruption, downtime, etc., which will affect normal business.
  • the survival time can usually be defined as the number of consecutive packet losses. If the number of consecutive packet losses exceeds the survival time threshold, the service will fail.
  • Figure 1d is an example of an interruption in the application layer. As shown in Figure 1d, one data packet can be transmitted in one transmission period, and the length of the lifetime is one transmission period. That is, when two consecutive data packets fail to be transmitted, the service of the terminal device is interrupted at the application layer.
  • the QoS parameters of the existing GBR QoS flow can characterize the demand for link quality within an average window (for example, 2000 ms), it cannot characterize the transmission reliability demand corresponding to the lifetime. For example, PER allows 2 data packets to be lost in each average window, but if these 2 data packets are two consecutive data packets (as shown in Figure 1d), the transmission reliability requirements of the survival time cannot be met, which may lead to The service of the terminal device is interrupted at the application layer.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a communication method and device, which are used to avoid interruption of the service of the terminal device at the application layer.
  • the communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application may include: the network device receives the QoS parameter of the first QoS flow, and the QoS parameter of the first QoS flow is used to indicate the upper limit of packet loss for counting according to the first duration and according to The upper limit of the packet loss for the second duration to be counted, and then the network device can process the first QoS flow according to the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow.
  • the network device processes the QoS flow based on the packet loss upper limit value calculated according to at least two time lengths. Compared with the existing solution, the network device performs the QoS calculation according to the packet error rate of the average window. In terms of stream processing, the transmission reliability requirements of the services carried by the first QoS stream are more fully considered, so that the transmission reliability of the services can be more effectively guaranteed and the application layer is prevented from being interrupted.
  • the packet loss upper limit for statistics based on the first duration may be determined based on the transmission reliability requirements corresponding to the lifetime of the service carried by the first QoS flow, and statistics based on the second duration
  • the upper limit of packet loss may refer to the packet error rate calculated according to the average window. That is to say, in the embodiment of the present application, the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow are based on the QoS parameters of the existing QoS flow, and the transmission reliability requirements corresponding to the lifetime of the service carried by the first QoS flow are also considered. This solves the problem that the QoS parameters of the existing QoS flow cannot meet the transmission reliability requirements corresponding to the survival time.
  • the method in the embodiment of the present application can be applied to multiple possible scenarios.
  • the network device can receive the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow from different devices, so as to process the first QoS flow.
  • the method provided in the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2 and Embodiment 3.
  • the method in the embodiment of the present application is applied to a scenario where a terminal device is connected to a network device as an example for description.
  • the network device may receive the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow from the core network device.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the process corresponding to the communication method provided in the first embodiment of the application. As shown in FIG. 2, the method includes the following steps:
  • Step 201 The SMF network element obtains the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow.
  • the first QoS flow is used to carry service 2, and service 2 may be a TSN service.
  • the QoS parameter of the first QoS flow is used to indicate the upper limit of packet loss that is counted according to the first duration and the upper limit of packet loss that is counted according to the second duration.
  • the packet loss upper limit for statistics based on the first duration may be determined according to the transmission reliability requirements corresponding to the lifetime of service 2
  • the packet loss upper limit for statistics based on the second duration may refer to the average window.
  • Statistic packet error rate may be used to indicate the upper limit of packet loss that is counted according to the first duration and the upper limit of packet loss that is counted according to the second duration.
  • the SMF network element may obtain the PCC rule corresponding to service 2 from the PCF network element, and then use the QoS parameter corresponding to service 2 as the QoS parameter of the first QoS flow.
  • the SMF network element may send a request message to the PCF network element, and then the PCF network element sends the PCC rule corresponding to one or more services to the SMF network element based on the request message.
  • One or more services include service 2.
  • the implementation of the PCC rule corresponding to the PCF network element generation service 2 is not limited.
  • the AF network element can obtain the QoS requirement information of service 2 from the CNC network element.
  • the QoS requirement information of service 2 includes the transmission reliability requirement corresponding to the lifetime of service 2; the QoS of the AF network element for the service
  • the demand information is translated, and the translated QoS demand information is sent to the PCF network element.
  • the PCF network element can determine the PCC rule corresponding to the business 2 based on the translated QoS demand information of the business 2.
  • Event 1 the terminal device has a downlink service reception requirement or an uplink service
  • the terminal device will initiate a PDU session establishment request, and the SMF network element can obtain the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow from the PCF network element after receiving the PDU session establishment request.
  • Event 2 the terminal device side needs to modify the first QoS flow in the established PDU session. In this case, the terminal device will initiate a PDU session modification request, and the SMF network element can, after receiving the PDU session modification request, The QoS parameters of the first QoS flow can be obtained from the PCF network element.
  • Event 3 the network side needs to modify the first QoS flow in the established PDU session.
  • UDM The network element sends the changed subscription information to the SMF network element, which triggers the SMF network element to determine (or acquire) the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow according to the changed subscription information, so as to modify the original QoS parameters of the first QoS flow to the first QoS QoS parameters of the flow.
  • Step 202 The SMF network element sends the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow to the network device through the AMF network element.
  • the network device receives the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow.
  • the implementation of the upper limit of packet loss calculated according to the second duration may refer to the prior art.
  • the relevant characteristics of the packet loss upper limit value calculated according to the first duration will be described.
  • the first duration may be the duration of the lifetime of business 2.
  • service 2 may be a service that is transmitted according to a transmission period, and one or more data packets may be transmitted in each transmission period.
  • the first duration may include N transmission periods, and N is greater than or equal to An integer of 1.
  • the packet loss upper limit for statistics based on the first duration may include: the maximum packet loss rate based on the first duration; or, the maximum packet loss statistics based on the first duration; or, according to the first duration.
  • the maximum packet loss rate calculated according to the first duration may refer to the ratio between the maximum number of data packets allowed to be lost and the number of data packets that should be transmitted within the first duration; or, in the first duration The ratio between the maximum amount of data allowed to be lost (such as the number of bytes) and the amount of data that should be transmitted within a period of time.
  • the maximum packet loss counted according to the first duration may refer to the maximum amount of data (such as the number of bytes) that is allowed to be lost within the first duration.
  • the maximum number of lost packets counted according to the first duration may refer to the maximum number of data packets that are allowed to be lost within the first duration.
  • the packet error rate calculated according to the first duration may mean that, within the first duration, the data packet has been processed by the link layer (such as the RLC layer) of the sender, but has not been submitted to the upper layer by the corresponding receiver. (Such as the PDCP layer) the upper limit of the ratio.
  • the upper limit value of packet loss that is calculated according to the first duration may refer to the upper limit value of packet loss that is counted according to each transmission period of the first duration.
  • the upper limit of packet loss calculated according to each transmission period of the first duration includes: the maximum packet loss rate calculated according to each transmission period of the first duration; or, according to each transmission period of the first duration The maximum number of packet loss statistics; or, the maximum number of packets lost according to each transmission period of the first duration; or, the packet error rate calculated according to each transmission period of the first duration.
  • the specific meaning refer to the description in the foregoing implementation a1.
  • the QoS parameter indication of the first QoS flow is described according to some possible indication modes of the upper limit value of packet loss calculated by the first duration.
  • the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow may include the first duration and the upper limit of packet loss calculated according to the first duration.
  • the unit of the first duration may be ms, s, or the unit of the first duration may also be a transmission period.
  • the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow may include 5QI, which is associated with the first duration and the packet loss upper limit calculated according to the first duration.
  • 5QI corresponds to the six 5G QoS described above, including the resource type and priority level.
  • the QoS parameter may include 5QI, without the need to additionally include the first duration and the packet loss upper limit calculated according to the first duration, thereby effectively saving transmission resources.
  • the upper limit of packet loss calculated according to the first duration may be the same in the uplink and the downlink.
  • the QoS parameter of the first QoS flow may respectively indicate the upper limit of packet loss for uplink statistics based on the first duration and the upper limit of packet loss for downlink statistics based on the first duration.
  • the QoS parameter of the first QoS flow will be used to indicate the upper limit of packet loss for counting according to the first time length (the upper limit of packet loss for counting according to the first time length is the uplink (Shared with the downlink) is described as an example.
  • the SMF network element may send a PDU session setup request (PDU session setup request) to the network device through the AMF network element, and the PDU session setup request includes the first QoS parameters of the QoS flow.
  • the SMF network element can send a PDU session modification request (PDU session modification request) to the network device through the AMF network element, and the PDU session modification request includes the first QoS QoS parameters of the flow.
  • a PDU session establishment request is taken as an example to describe some possible implementations of the PDU session establishment request carrying the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow (using indication mode 1 as an example).
  • GBR QoS Flow Information includes downlink MFBR, uplink MFBR, downlink GFBR, uplink GFBR, notification control, and maximum downlink packet loss rate (max packet loss rate), the maximum upstream packet loss rate.
  • the GBR QoS flow information may also include the first duration and the upper limit of packet loss calculated according to the first duration. That is to say, the GBR QoS flow information can include two information elements (information element, IE), namely cell 1 and cell 2, where cell 1 is used to indicate the first duration, and cell 2 is used to indicate the The upper limit of packet loss for the first period of time for statistics.
  • IE information element
  • Implementation method b2 considering that the maximum uplink packet loss rate and the maximum downlink packet loss rate in the GBR QoS flow information are only used on the GBR QoS flow belonging to the voice media, and the service carried by the first QoS flow in the embodiment of this application 2 It is a TSN service. Therefore, the cell used to carry the maximum uplink packet loss rate can be used to indicate the upper limit of the uplink packet loss calculated according to the first duration, and the cell used to carry the maximum downlink packet loss rate can be used as To indicate the upper limit of packet loss for downlink statistics based on the first duration. Further, the GBR QoS flow information may also include a cell, and the cell is used to carry the first duration. In this way, by multiplexing the cells used to carry the maximum uplink packet loss rate and the cells used to carry the maximum downlink packet loss rate, transmission resources can be effectively saved.
  • the PDU session establishment request includes service characteristics (traffic characteristics), and the service characteristics include downlink assistance information (assistance information) and uplink assistance information.
  • the service characteristic may further include the first duration and the packet loss upper limit calculated according to the first duration.
  • the service feature can include two cells, namely cell 1 and cell 2, where cell 1 is used to indicate the first duration, and cell 2 is used to indicate packet loss based on the first duration. Upper limit.
  • the service characteristics in the PDU session establishment request include downlink auxiliary information and uplink auxiliary information; in the embodiment of this application, the downlink auxiliary information or the uplink auxiliary information may include two information elements, which are respectively information elements 1 and cell 2, in which cell 1 is used to indicate the first duration, and cell 2 is used to indicate the upper limit of packet loss based on the first duration; or, the downlink auxiliary information may include two cells, respectively Used to indicate the first duration and the upper limit of the packet loss statistics based on the first duration in the downlink, and the uplink auxiliary information includes two cells, which are used to indicate the first duration and the upstream packet loss statistics based on the first duration, respectively Upper limit.
  • Step 204 The network device processes the first QoS flow according to the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow.
  • the network device processing the first QoS flow according to the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow may include: (1) The network device configures air interface resources for the first QoS flow according to the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow, for example, according to the first QoS flow
  • the QoS parameters of the flow determine the configuration information of the data radio bearer (DRB) or the configuration information of the logical channel corresponding to the first QoS flow, and send it to the terminal device.
  • the network device can send DRB configuration information or logical channel configuration information to the terminal device through an RRC reconfiguration (RRC reconfiguration) message.
  • RRC reconfiguration RRC reconfiguration
  • the terminal device can send DRB configuration information or logical channel configuration information according to the received DRB configuration information or logical channel configuration information.
  • Information is configured, and an RRC reconfiguration complete (RRC reconfiguration complete) message is sent to the network device after the configuration is completed.
  • the network device transmits the data packet of the first QoS flow according to the QoS parameters
  • the network device transmits the data packet of the first QoS flow according to the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow.
  • the network device transmitting the data packet of the first QoS flow according to the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow may include: the network device transmitting the data packet of the first QoS flow according to the upper limit of packet loss calculated according to the first time length, and the network The device transmits the data packet of the first QoS flow according to the upper limit of packet loss calculated according to the second duration.
  • the network device transmits the data packet of the first QoS flow according to the packet loss upper limit value calculated according to the first duration.
  • the network device can shift the time window according to the transmission period , And count the number of lost packets in each time window. If the number of lost packets in a certain time window is greater than or equal to the maximum number of lost packets, the transmission reliability of data packets in the next transmission cycle can be improved; if If the number of lost packets in a certain time window is less than the maximum number of lost packets, the data packets of the next cycle can be transmitted normally (that is, the transmission reliability of the data packets of the next transmission cycle is not improved).
  • the duration of each time window is equal to the first duration.
  • service 2 is a service that is transmitted according to a transmission cycle, and a data packet is transmitted in each transmission cycle.
  • the network device learns that the first duration is 2 transmission periods according to the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow, and the maximum number of lost packets counted according to the first duration is 2. See Figure 3a:
  • the network device can count the number of lost packets in time window 1, and determine that the number of lost packets in time window 1 is 2, so that the transmission reliability of data packets can be improved in transmission cycle 3.
  • the network device can count the number of lost packets in time window 2 and determine that the number of lost packets in time window 2 is 1 (less than the maximum number of lost packets), and in transmission cycle 4, the transmission reliability of data packets may not be improved.
  • the network device can count the number of lost packets in time window 3, and determine that the number of lost packets in time window 3 is 1 (less than the maximum number of lost packets), so that the transmission reliability of data packets may not be improved in transmission cycle 5.
  • the network equipment can count the number of lost packets in time window 4, and determine that the number of lost packets in time window 4 is 2, and then the transmission reliability of data packets can be improved in transmission cycle 6.
  • service 2 is a service that is transmitted according to a transmission period, and two data packets are transmitted in each transmission period.
  • the network device learns that the first duration is 2 transmission periods according to the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow, and the maximum number of lost packets calculated according to the first duration is 2. See Figure 3b:
  • the network device can count the number of lost packets in time window 1, and determine that the number of lost packets in time window 1 is 1 (less than the maximum number of lost packets), and in transmission cycle 3, the transmission reliability of data packets may not be improved.
  • the network device can count the number of lost packets in time window 2 and determine that the number of lost packets in time window 2 is 2, so that the transmission reliability of data packets can be improved in transmission cycle 4.
  • the network device can count the number of lost packets in time window 3, and determine that the number of lost packets in time window 3 is 1 (less than the maximum number of lost packets), so that the transmission reliability of data packets may not be improved in transmission cycle 5.
  • the network equipment can count the number of lost packets in time window 4, and determine that the number of lost packets in time window 4 is 2, and then the transmission reliability of data packets can be improved in transmission cycle 6.
  • the network device can follow The transmission cycle shifts the time window, and for each time window, the network device can determine whether the number of lost packets in each transmission cycle included in the time window is greater than or equal to the maximum number of lost packets, if so, it can increase the next Transmission reliability of data packets in the transmission period; if not, for example, if there is at least one transmission period in the multiple transmission periods included in the time window, the number of lost packets in at least one transmission period is less than the maximum number of lost packets, then the next cycle can be transmitted normally Data packet (that is, the transmission reliability of the data packet in the next transmission cycle is not improved).
  • the duration of each time window is equal to the first duration.
  • service 2 is a service that is transmitted according to a transmission cycle, and a data packet is transmitted in each transmission cycle.
  • the network device learns that the first duration is 2 transmission periods according to the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow, and the maximum number of packet loss counted according to each transmission period of the first duration is one. See Figure 3c:
  • the network equipment can count the number of lost packets in each transmission cycle included in time window 1, and determine that the number of lost packets in transmission cycle 1 is 1 (equal to the maximum number of lost packets), and the number of lost packets in transmission cycle 2 is 1 (equal to the maximum number of lost packets), which can improve the transmission reliability of data packets in transmission cycle 3.
  • 2Network equipment can count the number of lost packets in each transmission period included in time window 2, and determine that the number of lost packets in transmission cycle 2 is 1 (equal to the maximum number of lost packets), and the number of lost packets in transmission cycle 3 It is 0 (less than the maximum number of lost packets), and the transmission reliability of the data packet may not be improved in the transmission period 4.
  • Network equipment can count the number of lost packets in each transmission cycle included in time window 3, and determine that the number of lost packets in transmission cycle 3 is 0 (less than the maximum number of lost packets), and the number of lost packets in transmission cycle 4 is 1 (equal to the maximum number of lost packets), and in the transmission period 5, the transmission reliability of the data packet may not be improved.
  • Network equipment counts the number of lost packets in each transmission cycle included in time window 4, determines that the number of lost packets in transmission cycle 4 is 1 (equal to the maximum number of lost packets), and the number of lost packets in transmission cycle 5 is 1 (equal to the maximum number of lost packets), which can improve the transmission reliability of data packets in the transmission cycle 6.
  • service 2 is a service that is transmitted according to a transmission period, and two data packets are transmitted in each transmission period.
  • the network device learns that the first duration is 2 transmission periods according to the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow, and the maximum number of packet loss counted according to each transmission period of the first duration is one. See Figure 3d:
  • the network equipment can count the number of lost packets in each transmission cycle included in time window 1, and determine the number of lost packets in transmission cycle 1 as 0 (less than the maximum number of lost packets), and the number of lost packets in transmission cycle 2. It is 1 (equal to the maximum number of lost packets), and the transmission reliability of the data packet may not be improved in the transmission period 3.
  • 2Network equipment can count the number of lost packets in each transmission cycle included in time window 2, and determine the number of lost packets in transmission cycle 2 is 1 (equal to the maximum number of lost packets), and the number of lost packets in transmission cycle 3. It is 1 (equal to the maximum number of lost packets), and the transmission reliability of the data packet can be improved in the transmission cycle 4.
  • 3Network equipment can count the number of lost packets in each transmission cycle included in time window 3, and determine the number of lost packets in transmission cycle 3 as 1 (equal to the maximum number of lost packets), and the number of lost packets in transmission cycle 4. It is 0 (less than the maximum number of lost packets), and the transmission reliability of the data packet may not be improved in the transmission period 5.
  • Network equipment can count the number of lost packets in each transmission period included in time window 4, and determine that the number of lost packets in transmission period 4 is 0 (less than the maximum number of lost packets), and the number of lost packets in transmission period 5 It is 2 (larger than the maximum number of lost packets), and the transmission reliability of the data packet may not be improved in the transmission period 6.
  • the network device counts the packet loss according to the first duration, and after reaching the upper limit of the packet loss, the transmission reliability of the data packet is improved in the next transmission period, thereby facilitating the satisfaction of The transmission reliability requirements corresponding to the survival time can effectively avoid the interruption of the terminal equipment's business at the application layer.
  • the upper limit value of the packet loss is the maximum number of packets lost as an example.
  • the network device can count within the time window (or transmission period) The number of lost packets is compared with the maximum number of lost packets, and then it is judged whether to improve the transmission reliability of the data packet in the next transmission cycle according to the comparison result.
  • the upper limit of packet loss is the maximum packet loss rate, for example:
  • the upper limit of packet loss calculated according to the first time length is the maximum packet loss rate calculated according to the first time length (for example, between the maximum number of data packets that are allowed to be lost in the first time length and the number of data packets that should be transmitted).
  • the network device can count the number of lost packets in the time window, and obtain the packet loss rate according to the ratio of the number of lost packets in the time window to the number of data packets that should be transmitted, and the loss The packet rate is compared with the maximum packet loss rate, and the comparison result is used to determine whether to improve the transmission reliability of the data packet in the next transmission period.
  • the network device can determine the number of data packets that should be transmitted within the time window in many ways.
  • the network device can count the arriving data packets by itself, and then determine the number of data packets that should be transmitted within the time window according to the statistical results.
  • the network device can obtain the number of data packets that should be transmitted in the transmission period from the core network device (such as AMF network elements), and then determine the number of data packets that should be transmitted in the transmission period according to the number of data packets that should be transmitted in the transmission period.
  • the number of packets Exemplarily, the number of data packets that should be transmitted in the transmission period can also be simplified as the number of data packets in the transmission period.
  • the upper limit of packet loss calculated according to the first time length is the maximum packet loss rate calculated according to each transmission period of the first time length (for example, the maximum number of data packets that are allowed to be lost in the transmission period and the number of data packets that should be transmitted)
  • the network device can count the number of lost packets in each transmission period included in the time window, and based on the number of lost packets in each transmission period and the data that should be transmitted The ratio of the number of packets obtains the packet loss rate, compares the packet loss rate with the maximum packet loss rate, and then determines whether to improve the transmission reliability of the data packet in the next transmission cycle according to the comparison result.
  • the network device can determine the number of data packets that should be transmitted in the transmission period in many ways.
  • the network device can count the arriving data packets by itself, and then determine the number of data packets that should be transmitted in the transmission period according to the statistical results.
  • the network device may obtain the number of data packets that should be transmitted in the transmission period from the core network device (such as an AMF network element).
  • the ratio between the maximum number of data packets allowed to be lost and the number of data packets that should be transmitted is described as an example.
  • the network device can obtain the amount of data that should be transmitted in the time window or transmission period, so as to determine the packet loss rate in the time window or transmission period.
  • the manner in which the network device obtains the amount of data to be transmitted in the time window or transmission period may refer to the description of the number of data packets that should be transmitted in the network device to obtain the time window or transmission period, which will not be repeated here.
  • the start position of the first time window may be the start position of a certain transmission period.
  • the start position of the time window 1 is the start position of the transmission period 1. Location.
  • the network device transmits the data packet of the first QoS flow according to the packet loss upper limit value calculated according to the second duration.
  • the packet loss upper limit value calculated according to the second duration may refer to the packet error rate calculated according to the average window.
  • the network device can count the packet error conditions in each average window (such as average window 1 and average window 2), and execute according to the comparison result of the packet error conditions in each average window and the packet error rate.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not limit specific operations.
  • the duration of the average window is the second duration.
  • the duration of the average window may be equal to an integer multiple of the duration of the transmission period, or may not be equal to an integer multiple of the duration of the transmission period.
  • the start position of the first average window may be the start position of a certain transmission period, or it may not be the start position of a certain transmission period.
  • the first average window ie average window 1
  • the starting position of is the starting position of transmission cycle 1 as an example for illustration.
  • the relationship between the first duration and the second duration is not limited; considering that under normal circumstances, the first duration is less than the second duration. Therefore, in the embodiments of this application, the first duration is less than the second duration. Describe the duration of the situation.
  • the network device can transmit the data packets of the first QoS flow according to the upper limit of the packet loss counted by the second duration, and within the second duration, according to the loss statistics based on the first duration.
  • the packet upper limit value transmits the data packet of the first QoS flow. That is, the network device may transmit the data packets of the first QoS flow in the same period of time according to the upper limit of packet loss calculated according to the first duration and the upper limit of packet loss calculated according to the second duration.
  • the first duration ie, time window
  • the second duration ie, average window
  • the network device can count the data packets in each average window. Transmission status, as well as statistics on the data packet transmission status of each time window within the average window, and then perform corresponding operations based on the data packet transmission status of each time window, and perform corresponding operations based on the data packet transmission status in each average window operate.
  • the start position of the first time window and the start position of the first average window are the same as an example for illustration.
  • the start position of the first time window and the start position of the first average window can also be different; for example, the start position of the first time window is slightly earlier than the start position of the first average window, Or, the start position of the first time window is slightly later than the start position of the first average window.
  • the specific implementation may depend on the internal implementation of the network device, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • step 201 to step 205 is only an example of a possible process.
  • adaptive adjustments can be made on the basis of the process described above.
  • the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow adopt the above-mentioned indication method 1 to indicate the upper limit of the packet loss statistics based on the first duration
  • the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow include QoS parameter 1 and QoS parameter 2.
  • QoS parameter 1 is used to indicate the upper limit of packet loss based on the first time length
  • QoS parameter 2 It is used to indicate the upper limit of packet loss for counting according to the first duration.
  • a core network device (such as an SMF network element or an AMF network element) can send a PDU session establishment request message to the network device.
  • the PDU session establishment request message includes QoS parameter 1 and QoS parameter 2; accordingly, the network device can be based on QoS parameters 1 and QoS parameter 2 transmit data packets in the first QoS flow.
  • the core network device can send PDUs to the network device
  • the session modification request message the PDU session modification request message includes QoS parameter 1'and QoS parameter 2'; accordingly, the network device can transmit the data packet in the first QoS flow according to QoS parameter 1'and QoS parameter 2'.
  • a core network device (such as an SMF network element or AMF network element) can send a PDU session establishment request message to the network device.
  • the PDU session establishment request message includes QoS parameter 1 and QoS parameter 2; accordingly, the network device can be based on QoS parameters 1 and QoS parameter 2 transmit data packets in the first QoS flow.
  • the core network device can send a PDU session modification request to the network device Message, the PDU session modification request message includes QoS parameter 1'; accordingly, the network device can transmit the data packet in the first QoS flow according to QoS parameter 1'and QoS parameter 2.
  • Example 3 A core network device (such as an SMF network element or an AMF network element) can send a PDU session establishment request message to the network device.
  • the PDU session establishment request message includes QoS parameter 1 and QoS parameter 2; accordingly, the network device can be based on QoS parameters 1 and QoS parameter 2 transmit data packets in the first QoS flow.
  • the core network device can send a PDU session modification request to the network device Message, the PDU session modification request message includes QoS parameter 2'; accordingly, the network device can transmit the data packet in the first QoS flow according to QoS parameter 1 and QoS parameter 2'.
  • step 201 to step 205 only illustrates some possible steps. In specific implementation, other possible steps may also be included.
  • the network device may also send the SMF to the SMF.
  • the network element returns a PDU session establishment response message.
  • the network device can obtain the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow from the core network device, and then can process the first QoS flow based on the upper limit value of packet loss calculated according to the two durations. And since the upper limit of packet loss calculated according to the first time length can be determined according to the transmission reliability requirements corresponding to the lifetime of the service carried by the first QoS flow, the transmission reliability of the service can be more effectively guaranteed and avoid The service of the terminal device is interrupted at the application layer.
  • the method in the embodiment of the present application is applied to a dual-connection scenario as an example for description.
  • the terminal device can be connected to two network devices at the same time, one of the two network devices is the main network device, and the other network device is the auxiliary network device.
  • the main network device may receive the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow from the core network device
  • the auxiliary network device may receive the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow from the main network device.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the flow corresponding to the communication method provided in the second embodiment of the application. As shown in Fig. 4, the method includes the following steps:
  • Step 401 The SMF network element obtains the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow.
  • the first QoS flow is used to carry service 2, and service 2 may be a TSN service.
  • Step 402 The SMF network element sends the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow to the main network device through the AMF network element.
  • the primary network device receives the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow.
  • the implementation of the SMF network element sending the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow to the main network device through the AMF network element can refer to the description in the first embodiment.
  • the SMF network element can send a PDU session establishment request to the network device through the AMF network element, and the PDU session establishment request includes the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow; or the SMF network element can send PDU session modification to the network device through the AMF network element Request, the PDU session modification request includes the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow.
  • Step 404 The primary network device sends the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow to the secondary network device.
  • the secondary network device receives the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow.
  • the primary network device may forward the PDU session establishment request to the secondary network device.
  • the primary network device may forward the PDU session modification request to the secondary network device.
  • the main network device may also send the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow to the auxiliary network device during the process of adding the auxiliary network device to the terminal device; for example, the main network device sends the auxiliary network device to the auxiliary network device.
  • the device sends a secondary base station addition request (SgNB addition request), and the secondary base station addition request includes the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow.
  • step 406 the primary network device and the secondary network device both process the first QoS flow according to the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow.
  • the primary network device processes the first QoS flow according to the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow, which may include: (1) The primary network device configures air interface resources for the first QoS flow according to the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow, for example, according to the The QoS parameter of a QoS flow determines the configuration information of the DRB or the configuration information of the logical channel corresponding to the first QoS flow, and sends it to the terminal device. (2) The main network device transmits data packets of the first QoS flow according to the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow. For specific implementation, refer to the network device transmitting data packets of the first QoS flow according to the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow in the first embodiment. describe.
  • the auxiliary network device processes the first QoS flow according to the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow, which may include: (1)
  • the auxiliary network device configures air interface resources for the first QoS flow according to the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow, for example, according to the first QoS
  • the QoS parameter of the flow determines the configuration information of the DRB or the configuration information of the logical channel corresponding to the first QoS flow.
  • the secondary network device may send the determined configuration information of the DRB or the configuration information of the logical channel to the main network device, and the main network device sends it to the terminal device; or it may directly send it to the terminal device, which is not specifically limited.
  • the auxiliary network device transmits the data packet of the first QoS flow according to the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow.
  • the auxiliary network device transmits the data packet of the first QoS flow according to the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow.
  • the primary network device after the primary network device obtains the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow from the core network device, it can also send the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow to the secondary network device, so that the primary network device and the secondary network
  • the device can process the first QoS flow based on the packet loss upper limit value calculated according to the two time lengths, so that the transmission reliability of the service can be more effectively guaranteed, and the service of the terminal device can be prevented from being interrupted at the application layer.
  • the above description is based on the example in which the primary network device sends the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow to the secondary network device.
  • the macro base station + small base station networking scenario The macro base station is used to establish the control plane connection (optionally also the user plane connection), the small base station is used to establish the user plane connection), the macro base station can also obtain the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow from the core network equipment, and then The QoS parameters of the first QoS flow are sent to the small base station.
  • the method in the embodiment of the present application is applied to a handover scenario as an example for description.
  • the handover scenario may include multiple possible handover scenarios.
  • scenario 1 the terminal device switches from a cell of the network device to another cell of the network device;
  • scenario 2 the terminal device switches from the cell of the first network device to another cell of the network device;
  • the first network device can be the source network device
  • the second network device can be the target network device
  • the source network device and the target network device can be network devices under the same AMF network element, or they can be different AMF networks.
  • Network equipment under the yuan the terminal device switches from a cell of the network device to another cell of the network device.
  • the network device may receive the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow from the core network device; in scenario 2, the source network device may receive the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow from the core network device, and the target network device may receive the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow from the core network device.
  • the device or the core network device receives the QoS parameter of the first QoS flow. The following will be described for Case 2.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the flow corresponding to the communication method provided in the third embodiment of the application. As shown in FIG. 5, the method includes the following steps:
  • Step 501 The SMF network element obtains the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow.
  • the first QoS flow is used to carry service 2, and service 2 may be a TSN service.
  • Step 502 The SMF network element sends the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow to the source network device through the AMF network element.
  • the source network device receives the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow.
  • Step 504 The source network device processes the first QoS flow according to the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow.
  • Step 505 When the terminal device needs to switch to the target network device, the source network device may send a handover request (handover request) message to the target network device, where the handover request message includes the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow.
  • handover request handover request
  • the description here is based on an example in which the source network device sends a handover request message to the target network device, and the handover request message includes the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow.
  • the AMF network element may also send a handover request message to the target network device.
  • the handover request message includes the first QoS parameters of the QoS flow.
  • the source network device and the target network device are network devices under different AMF network elements, where the AMF network element corresponding to the source network device can be called the source AMF network element, and the AMF network element corresponding to the target network device is called the target AMF.
  • the source AMF network element can send the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow to the target AMF network element, and then the target AMF network element sends a handover request message to the target network device.
  • the handover request message includes the QoS of the first QoS flow. parameter.
  • Step 506 The target network device receives the handover request message, and obtains the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow from the handover request message.
  • Step 507 The target network device may establish a second QoS flow for the terminal device according to the received QoS parameter, and transmit the data packet of the second QoS flow according to the QoS parameter.
  • the target network device may establish a second QoS flow for the terminal device based on the QoS parameters sent by the source network device, and the QoS flow indicator (QFI) of the second QoS flow
  • the QFI of the first QoS flow may be the same or different; and after the terminal device is switched to the target network device, the target network device may transmit data packets to the terminal device based on the established second QoS flow and QoS parameters.
  • the target network device can obtain the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow, so that after the terminal device switches to the target network device, the target network device can be based on the packet loss statistics based on the two durations.
  • the limit value is used to process the QoS flow, effectively avoiding the interruption of the terminal device's business at the application layer due to the switching of the terminal device.
  • the network equipment (RAN equipment) is shown as a whole equipment.
  • the RAN equipment may be composed of separate nodes, for example, see Fig. 6a and Fig. 6b.
  • FIG. 6a is a schematic diagram of another network architecture to which an embodiment of this application is applicable.
  • the network architecture includes servers (such as application servers), CN equipment, RAN equipment, and terminal equipment in a data network; wherein, the RAN equipment includes a baseband device and a radio frequency device.
  • the communication between RAN equipment and terminal equipment follows a certain protocol layer structure.
  • the control plane protocol layer structure can include the RRC layer, the packet data convergence protocol (packet data convergence protocol, PDCP) layer, and radio link control (radio link control).
  • RLC radio link control
  • MAC media access control
  • physical layer and other protocol layer functions
  • user plane protocol layer structure can include PDCP layer, RLC layer, MAC layer and physical layer (physical, PHY), etc.
  • SDAP service data adaptation protocol
  • the RAN equipment can be implemented by one node to implement the functions of the RRC, PDCP, RLC, and MAC protocol layers, or multiple nodes can implement the functions of these protocol layers.
  • RAN equipment may include CUs and DUs, and multiple DUs may be centrally controlled by one CU.
  • CU and DU can be divided according to the protocol layer of the wireless network. For example, the functions of the PDCP layer and the above protocol layers are set in the CU, and the protocol layers below the PDCP, such as the RLC layer and MAC layer, are set in the DU.
  • This type of protocol layer division is just an example, it can also be divided in other protocol layers, for example, in the RLC layer, the functions of the RLC layer and above protocol layers are set in the CU, and the functions of the protocol layers below the RLC layer are set in the DU; Or, in a certain protocol layer, for example, part of the functions of the RLC layer and the functions of the protocol layer above the RLC layer are set in the CU, and the remaining functions of the RLC layer and the functions of the protocol layer below the RLC layer are set in the DU. In addition, it can also be divided in other ways, for example, by time delay. The functions that need to meet the time delay requirement for processing time are set in the DU, and the functions that do not need to meet the time delay requirement are set in the CU.
  • the radio frequency device can be integrated independently, not placed in the DU, can also be integrated in the DU, or partly remote and partly integrated in the DU, and there is no restriction here.
  • FIG. 6b is a schematic diagram of another network architecture to which an embodiment of this application is applicable.
  • the control plane (CP) and the user plane (UP) of the CU can also be separated and implemented by dividing them into different entities, which are respectively the control plane (CP) CU entity ( That is, the CU-CP entity) and the user plane (UP) CU entity (ie, the CU-UP entity).
  • CP control plane
  • UP user plane
  • one DU and CU-UP are connected to only one CU-CP.
  • one DU can be connected to multiple CU-UPs
  • one CU-UP can be connected to multiple DUs.
  • Fig. 6c is a schematic diagram of an air interface protocol stack distribution.
  • the air interface protocol stack can be RLC, MAC, and PHY in the DU, and PDCP and above protocol layers in the CU.
  • the RRC layer is used to implement air interface radio resources and air interface connection control
  • SDAP is used to perform mapping between QoS flows and DRBs.
  • the terminal device may include an SDAP layer, a PDCP layer, an RLC layer, a MAC layer, and a PHY layer. Further, the terminal device may also include an application layer and a non-access layer. Among them, the application layer can be used to provide services to applications installed in the terminal device.
  • the downlink data received by the terminal device can be sequentially transmitted from the physical layer to the application layer, and then provided to the application by the application layer; for example, the application The layer can obtain data generated by the application program (such as the video recorded by the user using the application program, etc.), and transmit the data to the physical layer in turn, and send it to other communication devices.
  • the non-access layer can be used to forward user data, such as forwarding uplink data received from the application layer to the SDAP layer or forwarding downlink data received from the SDAP layer to the application layer.
  • the application server may be provided with an application layer equivalent to the application of the terminal device.
  • the signaling generated by the CU can be sent to the terminal device through the DU, or the signaling generated by the terminal device can be sent to the CU through the DU.
  • the DU may directly pass the protocol layer encapsulation without analyzing the signaling and transparently transmit it to the terminal device or CU. If the embodiment of the present application involves the transmission of such signaling between the DU and the terminal device, at this time, the sending or receiving of the signaling by the DU includes this scenario.
  • RRC or PDCP layer signaling will eventually be processed as PHY layer signaling and sent to the terminal device, or converted from received PHY layer signaling. Under this architecture, the RRC or PDCP layer signaling can also be considered to be sent by the DU, or sent by the DU and radio frequency load.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the process corresponding to the communication method provided in the fourth embodiment of the application. As shown in FIG. 7, the method includes the following steps:
  • Step 701 The CU obtains the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow.
  • the CU may obtain the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow in many ways.
  • the CU may obtain the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow from the core network device. Obtain the description of the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow.
  • Step 702 The CU sends the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow to the DU.
  • step 703 the DU receives the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow.
  • the CU can send the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow to the DU in many ways.
  • the CU sends a context setup request (UE context setup request) message of the terminal device to the DU.
  • the context setup request message includes the first QoS flow. QoS parameters.
  • Step 704 The DU may process the first QoS flow according to the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow.
  • the DU processes the first QoS flow according to the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow, which may include: (1) The DU configures air interface resources for the first QoS flow according to the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow, for example, according to the first QoS flow The QoS parameter of the flow determines the configuration information of the DRB or the configuration information of the logical channel corresponding to the first QoS flow, and sends it to the CU, which in turn sends it to the terminal device. (2) The DU transmits the data packets of the first QoS flow according to the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow. For specific implementation, refer to the description of the network device transmitting the data packets of the first QoS flow according to the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow in the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic flowchart corresponding to a communication method provided in Embodiment 5 of this application. As shown in FIG. 8, the method includes the following steps:
  • Step 801 The CU-CP entity obtains the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow.
  • the CU-CP entity may obtain the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow in multiple ways.
  • the CU-CP may obtain the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow from the core network device.
  • the core network device For specific implementation, refer to the network in the first embodiment above.
  • the device obtains the description of the QoS parameter of the first QoS flow from the core network device.
  • Step 802 The CU-CP entity sends the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow to the CU-UP entity.
  • the CU-UP entity receives the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow.
  • the CU-CP entity may send the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow to the CU-UP entity in many ways.
  • the CU-CP entity sends a bearer context setup request message to the CU-UP entity.
  • the bearer context establishment request message includes the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow.
  • the CU-UP entity may process the first QoS flow according to the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow.
  • the CU-UP entity processes the first QoS flow according to the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow, which may include: (1) The CU-UP entity configures air interface resources for the first QoS flow according to the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow For example, the configuration information of the DRB or the configuration information of the logical channel corresponding to the first QoS flow is determined according to the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow, and sent to the CU-CP entity, and then sent by the CU-CP entity to the terminal device. (2) The CU-UP entity transmits the data packets of the first QoS flow according to the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow. For specific implementation, refer to the network device in the first embodiment for transmitting the data packets of the first QoS flow according to the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow. description of.
  • step numbers of the flowcharts described in Embodiment 1 to Embodiment 5 are only an example of the execution process, and do not constitute a restriction on the order of execution of the steps. There is no timing dependency between the embodiments of this application. There is no strict order of execution between the steps. In addition, not all the steps shown in each flowchart are necessary steps, and some steps can be added or deleted on the basis of each flowchart according to actual needs.
  • the first to the fifth embodiments can refer to each other.
  • the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow in the second embodiment to the fifth embodiment please refer to the related introduction of the first embodiment.
  • the network device or the core network device may include a corresponding hardware structure and/or software module for performing each function.
  • the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in the form of hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a certain function is executed by hardware or computer software-driven hardware depends on the specific application and design constraint conditions of the technical solution. Professionals and technicians can use different methods for each specific application to implement the described functions, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.
  • the embodiments of the present application may divide the network equipment or the core network equipment into functional units according to the foregoing method examples.
  • each functional unit may be divided corresponding to each function, or two or more functions may be integrated into one unit.
  • the above-mentioned integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional unit.
  • FIG. 9 shows a possible exemplary block diagram of a device involved in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the apparatus 900 may include: a processing unit 902 and a communication unit 903.
  • the processing unit 902 is used to control and manage the actions of the device 900.
  • the communication unit 903 is used to support communication between the apparatus 900 and other devices.
  • the communication unit 903 is also called a transceiving unit, and may include a receiving unit and/or a sending unit, which are used to perform receiving and sending operations, respectively.
  • the device 900 may further include a storage unit 901 for storing program codes and/or data of the device 900.
  • the apparatus 900 may be the network device in the foregoing embodiment, or may also be a chip provided in the network device.
  • the network device may be the main network device or the auxiliary network device; in the third embodiment, the network device may be the source network device or the target network device; in the fourth embodiment, the network device may Including CU and DU; in the fifth embodiment, the network device may include a CU and a DU, where the CU may include a CU-CP entity and a CU-UP entity.
  • the processing unit 902 may support the apparatus 900 to perform the actions of the network device in the above method examples. Alternatively, the processing unit 902 mainly executes the internal actions of the network device in the method example, and the communication unit 903 can support communication between the apparatus 900 and other devices.
  • the communication unit 903 is configured to receive the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow, where the QoS parameters are used to indicate the upper limit of packet loss for counting according to the first duration and the statistics according to the second duration. The upper limit of packet loss; and, transmitting the data packet of the first QoS flow according to the QoS parameter.
  • the first QoS flow is used to carry the first service, and the first duration is the lifetime of the first service.
  • the service carried by the first QoS flow is a service that is transmitted according to a transmission period, and the first duration includes N transmission periods.
  • the packet loss upper limit for statistics based on the first duration includes: the maximum packet loss rate based on the first duration; or, the maximum packet loss based on the first duration; or, The maximum number of lost packets calculated according to the first duration; or, the packet error rate calculated according to the first duration.
  • the packet loss upper limit value calculated according to the first duration includes: the packet loss upper limit value calculated according to each transmission period of the first duration.
  • the upper limit of packet loss calculated according to each transmission period of the first duration includes: the maximum packet loss rate calculated according to each transmission period of the first duration; or, according to the first duration The maximum packet loss counted for each transmission period; or the maximum packet loss counted for each transmission period of the first duration; or the packet error rate calculated for each transmission period of the first duration .
  • the service carried by the first QoS flow is a service that is transmitted according to the transmission period; the method further includes: obtaining the number of data packets or the amount of data in each transmission period from the core network device.
  • the QoS parameter includes a first duration and a packet loss upper limit calculated according to the first duration; or, the QoS parameter includes a 5G quality of service identifier 5QI, and the 5QI is associated with the first duration And the upper limit of packet loss calculated according to the first duration.
  • the communication unit 903 is specifically configured to receive the QoS parameter from a core network device; wherein the QoS parameter is carried in a PDU session establishment request message or a PDU session modification request message; or, the QoS The parameter is carried in the handover request message, and the network device is the target network device for the terminal device handover.
  • the network device is a secondary network device of the terminal device
  • the communication unit 903 is specifically configured to receive the QoS parameter from the main network device of the terminal device; the QoS parameter is carried in the PDU session establishment request message Or PDU session modification request message.
  • the network device is the target network device of the terminal device
  • the communication unit 903 is specifically configured to receive the QoS parameter from the source network device of the terminal device; the QoS parameter is carried in the handover request message.
  • the apparatus 900 may be the core network device in the foregoing embodiment, or may also be a chip provided in the core network device.
  • the processing unit 902 may support the apparatus 900 to perform the actions of the core network device in the foregoing method examples.
  • the processing unit 902 mainly executes the internal actions of the core network device in the method example, and the communication unit 903 can support communication between the apparatus 900 and other devices.
  • the processing unit 902 is configured to obtain the QoS parameters of the first QoS flow, where the QoS parameters are used to indicate the upper limit of packet loss for counting according to the first duration and the statistics according to the second duration.
  • the communication unit 903 is configured to send the QoS parameter to the network device.
  • the first QoS flow is used to carry the first service, and the first duration is the lifetime of the first service.
  • the service carried by the first QoS flow is a service that is transmitted according to a transmission period, and the first duration includes N transmission periods.
  • the packet loss upper limit for statistics based on the first duration includes: the maximum packet loss rate based on the first duration; or, the maximum packet loss based on the first duration; or, The maximum number of lost packets calculated according to the first duration; or, the packet error rate calculated according to the first duration.
  • the packet loss upper limit value calculated according to the first duration includes: the packet loss upper limit value calculated according to each transmission period of the first duration.
  • the upper limit of packet loss calculated according to each transmission period of the first duration includes: the maximum packet loss rate calculated according to each transmission period of the first duration; or, according to the first duration The maximum packet loss counted for each transmission period; or the maximum packet loss counted for each transmission period of the first duration; or the packet error rate calculated for each transmission period of the first duration .
  • the service carried by the first QoS flow is a service that is transmitted according to the transmission period; the communication unit 903 is further configured to send the number of data packets or the amount of data in each transmission period to the network device .
  • the QoS parameter includes a first duration and a packet loss upper limit calculated according to the first duration; or, the QoS parameter includes 5QI, and the 5QI is associated with the first duration and according to the first duration.
  • the QoS parameters are carried in a PDU session establishment request message or a PDU session modification request message; or, the QoS parameters are carried in a handover request message, and the network device is a target network device for terminal device handover .
  • each unit in the device can be all implemented in the form of software called by processing elements; they can also be all implemented in the form of hardware; part of the units can also be implemented in the form of software called by the processing elements, and some of the units can be implemented in the form of hardware.
  • each unit can be a separate processing element, or it can be integrated in a certain chip of the device for implementation.
  • it can also be stored in the memory in the form of a program, which is called and executed by a certain processing element of the device. Function.
  • each step of the above method or each of the above units may be implemented by an integrated logic circuit of hardware in a processor element or implemented in a form of being called by software through a processing element.
  • the unit in any of the above devices may be one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the above method, for example: one or more application specific integrated circuits (ASIC), or, one or Multiple microprocessors (digital singnal processors, DSP), or, one or more field programmable gate arrays (FPGA), or a combination of at least two of these integrated circuits.
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuits
  • DSP digital singnal processors
  • FPGA field programmable gate arrays
  • the unit in the device can be implemented in the form of a processing element scheduler
  • the processing element can be a processor, such as a general-purpose central processing unit (central processing unit, CPU), or other processors that can call programs.
  • CPU central processing unit
  • these units can be integrated together and implemented in the form of a system-on-a-chip (SOC).
  • the above receiving unit is an interface circuit of the device for receiving signals from other devices.
  • the receiving unit is an interface circuit used by the chip to receive signals from other chips or devices.
  • the above unit for sending is an interface circuit of the device for sending signals to other devices.
  • the sending unit is an interface circuit used by the chip to send signals to other chips or devices.
  • the network device 100 may include one or more DU 1001 and one or more CU 1002.
  • the DU 1001 may include at least one antenna 10011, at least one radio frequency unit 10012, at least one processor 10013, and at least one memory 10014.
  • the DU 1001 part is mainly used for the transmission and reception of radio frequency signals, the conversion of radio frequency signals and baseband signals, and part of baseband processing.
  • the CU 1002 may include at least one processor 10022 and at least one memory 10021.
  • CU1002 and DU1001 can communicate through interfaces, where the control plan interface can be Fs-C, such as F1-C, and the user plane (User Plan) interface can be Fs-U, such as F1-U.
  • the CU 1002 part is mainly used for baseband processing, control of network equipment, and so on.
  • the DU 1001 and the CU 1002 may be physically set together, or may be physically separated, that is, a distributed base station.
  • the CU 1002 is the control center of the network device, which may also be called a processing unit, and is mainly used to complete the baseband processing function.
  • the CU 1002 may be used to control the network device to execute the operation procedure of the network device in the foregoing method embodiment.
  • the network device 100 may include one or more radio frequency units, one or more DUs, and one or more CUs.
  • the DU may include at least one processor 10013 and at least one memory 10014
  • the radio frequency unit may include at least one antenna 10011 and at least one radio frequency unit 10012
  • the CU may include at least one processor 10022 and at least one memory 10021.
  • the CU1002 can be composed of one or more single boards, and multiple single boards can jointly support a wireless access network with a single access indication (such as a 5G network), or can respectively support wireless access networks of different access standards.
  • Access network such as LTE network, 5G network or other network.
  • the memory 10021 and the processor 10022 may serve one or more single boards. In other words, the memory and the processor can be set separately on each board. It can also be that multiple boards share the same memory and processor. In addition, necessary circuits can be provided on each board.
  • the DU1001 can be composed of one or more single boards, and multiple single boards can jointly support a wireless access network with a single access indication (such as a 5G network), or can respectively support wireless access networks with different access standards (such as LTE network, 5G network or other network).
  • the memory 10014 and the processor 10013 may serve one or more single boards. In other words, the memory and the processor can be set separately on each board. It can also be that multiple boards share the same memory and processor. In addition, necessary circuits can be provided on each board.
  • the network device shown in FIG. 10 can implement various processes involving the network device in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 4 or FIG. 5.
  • the operations and/or functions of the various modules in the network device shown in FIG. 10 are used to implement the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a core network device provided by an embodiment of this application. It may be the SMF network element or the AMF network element in the above embodiment, and is used to implement the operation of the SMF network element or the AMF network element in the above embodiment.
  • the core network device 1100 may include a processor 1101, a memory 1102, and a transceiver 1103.
  • the processor 1101 may be used to process the communication protocol and communication data, and to control the communication device.
  • the memory 1102 may be used to store programs and data, and the processor 1101 may execute the method executed by the AMF network element or the SMF network element in the embodiment of the present application based on the program.
  • the transceiver 1103 may be used for the core network device 1100 to perform wireless communication. For example, it may be a service-oriented communication interface.
  • the above memory 1102 may also be externally connected to the core network device 1100.
  • the core network device 1100 may include a transceiver 1103 and a processor 1101.
  • the above transceiver 1103 may also be externally connected to the core network device 1100.
  • the core network device 1100 may include a memory 1102 and a processor 1101.
  • the communication device 1100 may include the processor 1101.
  • the core network device shown in FIG. 11 can implement each process involving the core network device in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 4 or FIG. 5.
  • the operations and/or functions of each module in the network device shown in FIG. 11 are used to implement the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • system and “network” in the embodiments of this application can be used interchangeably.
  • At least one means one or more, and “plurality” means two or more.
  • And/or describes the association relationship of the associated objects, indicating that there can be three types of relationships, for example, A and/or B, which can mean: the existence of A alone, both A and B, and B alone, where A, B can be singular or plural.
  • the character “/” generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an “or” relationship.
  • “The following at least one item (a)” or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of a single item (a) or a plurality of items (a).
  • At least one of A, B, and C includes A, B, C, AB, AC, BC, or ABC.
  • the ordinal numbers such as “first” and “second” mentioned in the embodiments of this application are used to distinguish multiple objects, and are not used to limit the order, timing, priority, or importance of multiple objects. degree.
  • this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this application may adopt the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Moreover, this application may adopt the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program codes.
  • computer-usable storage media including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.
  • These computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can guide a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to work in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including the instruction device.
  • the device implements the functions specified in one process or multiple processes in the flowchart and/or one block or multiple blocks in the block diagram.
  • These computer program instructions can also be loaded on a computer or other programmable data processing equipment, so that a series of operation steps are executed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce computer-implemented processing, so as to execute on the computer or other programmable equipment.
  • the instructions provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one process or multiple processes in the flowchart and/or one block or multiple blocks in the block diagram.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Quality & Reliability (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

本申请涉及通信技术领域，公开了一种通信方法及装置。其中方法包括：网络设备接收第一QoS流的QoS参数，第一QoS流的QoS参数用于指示按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值以及按照第二时长进行统计的丢包上限值，进而网络设备可以根据第一QoS流的QoS参数对第一QoS流进行处理。采用该种方法，网络设备是基于按照两种时长进行统计的丢包上限值来对QoS流进行处理，相比于现有方案中网络设备按照平均窗口进行统计的误包率来对QoS流进行处理来说，更加全面地考虑了第一QoS流所承载的业务的传输可靠性需求，从而能够更加有效地保证业务的传输可靠性，避免终端设备的业务在应用层发生中断。

Description

一种通信方法及装置
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求在2020年03月30日提交中国专利局、申请号为202010236541.X、申请名称为“一种通信方法及装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种通信方法及装置。
背景技术
在第三代合作伙伴计划(3rd generation partnership project，3GPP)版本15(R15)中，将低时延高可靠通信(ultra-reliable and low latency communication，URLLC)业务空口的指标设定为用户面要保证1毫秒(ms)时延加99.999％的可靠性需求。
针对URLLC业务，为了避免网络层偶然性的通信错误对应用层产生较大的影响，终端设备的应用层以及应用服务器的应用层可以设置生存时间(survival time)。生存时间是指，应用层如果在某一数据包期望到达的时间范围内没有收到该数据包，将会启动生存时间定时器，如果该定时器运行过程中有期望的应用层数据包到达，则定时器停止；如果该定时器一直运行直到超时，即在生存时间定时器活跃的这段时间内没有任何一个期望的应用层数据包到达，则应用层发生中断，从而可能会对业务造成影响。因此，如何避免终端设备的业务在应用层发生中断，仍需进一步的研究。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种通信方法及装置，用以避免终端设备的业务在应用层发生中断。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供了一种通信方法，该方法可以应用于第一网络设备，或者也可以应用于第一网络设备内部的芯片。以该方法应用于第一网络设备为例，在该方法中，第一网络设备接收第一QoS流的QoS参数，所述QoS参数用于指示按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值以及按照第二时长进行统计的丢包上限值；以及，根据所述QoS参数传输第一QoS流的数据包。
采用该种方法，网络设备是基于按照至少两种时长进行统计的丢包上限值来对QoS流进行处理，相比于现有方案中网络设备按照平均窗口进行统计的误包率来对QoS流进行处理来说，更加全面地考虑了第一QoS流所承载的业务的传输可靠性需求，从而能够更加有效地保证业务的传输可靠性，避免终端设备的业务在应用层发生中断。
在一种可能的设计中，第一QoS流用于承载第一业务，第一时长为第一业务的生存时间的时长。
在一种可能的设计中，第一QoS流承载的业务为按照传输周期进行传输的业务，第一时长包括N个传输周期。
在一种可能的设计中，按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值包括：按照第一时长进行 统计的最大丢包率；或者，按照第一时长进行统计的最大丢包量；或者，按照第一时长进行统计的最大丢包个数；或者，按照第一时长进行统计的误包率。
在一种可能的设计中，按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值，包括：按照第一时长的每个传输周期进行统计的丢包上限值。
在一种可能的设计中，按照第一时长的每个传输周期进行统计的丢包上限值包括：按照第一时长的每个传输周期进行统计的最大丢包率；或者，按照第一时长的每个传输周期进行统计的最大丢包量；或者，按照第一时长的每个传输周期进行统计的最大丢包个数；或者，按照第一时长的每个传输周期进行统计的误包率。
在一种可能的设计中，第一QoS流承载的业务为按照传输周期进行传输的业务；该方法还包括：从核心网设备获取每个传输周期内的数据包个数或数据量。
在一种可能的设计中，所述QoS参数包括第一时长和按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值；或者，所述QoS参数包括5G服务质量标识5QI，所述5QI关联第一时长和按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值。
采用该种方法，可以预先通过定义5QI与第一时长和按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值的对应关系，也就是说，5QI除对应资源类型、优先级水平等六项5G QoS特征外，还可以对应第一时长和按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值。如此，QoS参数可以包括5QI，而无需再额外包括第一时长和按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值，从而能够有效节省传输资源。
在一种可能的设计中，第一网络设备可以从核心网设备接收所述QoS参数；其中，所述QoS参数承载于PDU会话建立请求消息或PDU会话修改请求消息；或者，所述QoS参数承载于切换请求消息，第一网络设备为终端设备切换的目标网络设备。
在一种可能的设计中，第一网络设备可以从第二网络设备接收所述QoS参数；其中，第二网络设备为终端设备的主网络设备，第一网络设备为所述终端设备的辅网络设备，所述QoS参数承载于PDU会话建立请求消息或PDU会话修改请求消息；或者，第二网络设备为所述终端设备的源网络设备，第一网络设备为所述终端设备的目标网络设备，所述QoS参数承载于切换请求消息中。
采用该种方法，在双连接场景中，主网络设备可以将第一QoS流的QoS参数发送给辅网络设备，使得主网络设备和辅网络设备均可以基于按照两种时长进行统计的丢包上限值来对第一QoS流进行处理，从而能够更加有效地保证业务的传输可靠性，避免应用层发生中断。在切换场景中，目标网络设备可以获取第一QoS流的QoS参数，从而使得终端设备在切换到目标网络设备后，目标网络设备可以基于按照两种时长进行统计的丢包上限值来对QoS流进行处理，有效避免因终端设备发生切换而终端设备的业务在应用层发生中断。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供了一种通信方法，该方法可以应用于核心网设备，或者也可以应用于核心网设备内部的芯片。以该方法应用于核心网设备为例，核心网设备获取第一QoS流的QoS参数，所述QoS参数用于指示按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值以及按照第二时长进行统计的丢包上限值；以及，向网络设备发送所述QoS参数。
在一种可能的设计中，第一QoS流用于承载第一业务，第一时长为第一业务的生存时间的时长。
在一种可能的设计中，第一QoS流承载的业务为按照传输周期进行传输的业务，第一 时长包括N个传输周期。
在一种可能的设计中，按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值包括：按照第一时长进行统计的最大丢包率；或者，按照第一时长进行统计的最大丢包量；或者，按照第一时长进行统计的最大丢包个数；或者，按照第一时长进行统计的误包率。
在一种可能的设计中，按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值，包括：按照第一时长的每个传输周期进行统计的丢包上限值。
在一种可能的设计中，按照第一时长的每个传输周期进行统计的丢包上限值包括：按照第一时长的每个传输周期进行统计的最大丢包率；或者，按照第一时长的每个传输周期进行统计的最大丢包量；或者，按照第一时长的每个传输周期进行统计的最大丢包个数；或者，按照第一时长的每个传输周期进行统计的误包率。
在一种可能的设计中，第一QoS流承载的业务为按照传输周期进行传输的业务；
该方法还包括：向所述网络设备发送每个传输周期内的数据包个数或数据量。
在一种可能的设计中，所述QoS参数包括第一时长和按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值；或者，所述QoS参数包括5QI，所述5QI关联第一时长和按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值。
在一种可能的设计中，所述QoS参数承载于PDU会话建立请求消息或PDU会话修改请求消息；或者，所述QoS参数承载于切换请求消息，所述网络设备为终端设备切换的目标网络设备。
需要说明的是，上述第二方面所描述的方法与第一方面所描述的相对应，因此第二方面的相关技术特征的有益效果可以参照第一方面的描述，具体不再赘述。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供了一种通信方法，该方法可以应用于CU，或者也可以应用于CU内部的芯片。以该方法应用于CU为例，在该方法中，CU获取第一QoS流的QoS参数，所述QoS参数用于指示按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值以及按照第二时长进行统计的丢包上限值；以及，CU向DU发送所述QoS参数。
在一种可能的设计中，CU向所述DU发送所述QoS参数，包括：所述CU向所述DU发送终端设备的上下文建立请求消息，所述上下文建立请求消息包括所述QoS参数。
第四方面，本申请实施例提供了一种通信方法，该方法可以应用于DU，或者也可以应用于DU内部的芯片。以该方法应用于DU为例，在该方法中，DU从CU接收第一QoS流的QoS参数，所述QoS参数用于指示按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值以及按照第二时长进行统计的丢包上限值；以及，根据所述QoS参数传输第一QoS流的数据包。
在一种可能的设计中，该方法还包括：DU根据所述QoS参数确定第一QoS流对应的DRB的配置信息或逻辑信道的配置信息，并将所述DRB或逻辑信道的配置信息发送给所述CU，进而由所述CU发送给终端设备。
第五方面，本申请实施例提供了一种通信方法，该方法可以应用于CU-CP实体，或者也可以应用于CU-CP实体内部的芯片。以该方法应用于CU-CP实体为例，在该方法中，CU-CP实体获取第一QoS流的QoS参数，所述QoS参数用于指示按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值以及按照第二时长进行统计的丢包上限值；以及，向CU-UP实体发送所述QoS参数。
在一种可能的设计中，所述CU-CP实体向CU-UP实体发送所述QoS参数，包括：所述CU-CP实体向CU-UP实体发送承载上下文建立请求消息，所述承载上下文建立请求消 息包括所述QoS参数。
第六方面，本申请实施例提供了一种通信方法，该方法可以应用于CU-UP实体，或者也可以应用于CU-UP实体内部的芯片。以该方法应用于CU-UP实体为例，在该方法中，CU-UP实体从CU-CP实体接收第一QoS流的QoS参数，所述QoS参数用于指示按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值以及按照第二时长进行统计的丢包上限值；以及，根据所述QoS参数传输第一QoS流的数据包。
在一种可能的设计中，该方法还包括：所述CU-UP实体根据所述QoS参数确定第一QoS流对应的DRB或逻辑信道的配置信息，并将所述DRB或逻辑信道的配置信息发送给所述CU-CP实体。
第七方面，本申请提供一种通信装置，所述通信装置可以为网络设备(比如第一网络设备)或者设置在网络设备内部的芯片。示例性地，网络设备可以包括CU和DU，进一步地，CU可以包括CU-CP实体和CU-UP实体。所述通信装置具备实现上述第一方面、第三方面至第六方面的功能，比如，所述通信装置包括执行上述第一方面、第三方面至第六方面涉及步骤所对应的模块或单元或手段(means)，所述功能或单元或手段可以通过软件实现，或者通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。
在一种可能的设计中，所述通信装置包括处理单元、通信单元，其中，通信单元可以用于收发信号，以实现该通信装置和其它装置之间的通信，比如，通信单元用于接收来自网络设备的配置信息；处理单元可以用于执行该通信装置的一些内部操作。处理单元、通信单元执行的功能可以和上述第一方面、第三方面至第六方面涉及的步骤相对应。
在一种可能的设计中，所述通信装置包括处理器，还可以包括收发器，所述收发器用于收发信号，所述处理器执行程序指令，以完成上述第一方面、第三方面至第六方面中任意可能的设计或实现方式中的方法。其中，所述通信装置还可以包括一个或多个存储器，所述存储器用于与处理器耦合。所述一个或多个存储器可以和处理器集成在一起，也可以与处理器分离设置，本申请并不限定。存储器可以保存实现上述第一方面、第三方面至第六方面涉及的功能的必要计算机程序或指令。所述处理器可执行所述存储器存储的计算机程序或指令，当所述计算机程序或指令被执行时，使得所述通信装置实现上述第一方面、第三方面至第六方面任意可能的设计或实现方式中的方法。
在一种可能的设计中，所述通信装置包括处理器和存储器，存储器可以保存实现上述第一方面、第三方面至第六方面涉及的功能的必要计算机程序或指令。所述处理器可执行所述存储器存储的计算机程序或指令，当所述计算机程序或指令被执行时，使得所述通信装置实现上述第一方面、第三方面至第六方面任意可能的设计或实现方式中的方法。
在一种可能的设计中，所述通信装置包括至少一个处理器和接口电路，其中，至少一个处理器用于通过所述接口电路与其它装置通信，并执行上述第一方面、第三方面至第六方面任意可能的设计或实现方式中的方法。
第八方面，本申请提供一种通信装置，所述通信装置可以为核心网设备或者设置在核心网设备内部的芯片。所述通信装置具备实现上述第二方面涉及的功能，比如，所述通信装置包括执行上述第二方面涉及步骤所对应的模块或单元或手段，所述功能或单元或手段可以通过软件实现，或者通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。
在一种可能的设计中，所述通信装置包括处理单元、通信单元，其中，通信单元可以用于收发信号，以实现该通信装置和其它装置之间的通信，比如，通信单元用于向终端设 备发送系统信息；处理单元可以用于执行该通信装置的一些内部操作。处理单元、通信单元执行的功能可以和上述第二方面涉及的步骤相对应。
在一种可能的设计中，所述通信装置包括处理器，还可以包括收发器，所述收发器用于收发信号，所述处理器执行程序指令，以完成上述第二方面中任意可能的设计或实现方式中的方法。其中，所述通信装置还可以包括一个或多个存储器，所述存储器用于与处理器耦合。所述一个或多个存储器可以和处理器集成在一起，也可以与处理器分离设置，本申请并不限定。存储器可以保存实现上述第二方面涉及的功能的必要计算机程序或指令。所述处理器可执行所述存储器存储的计算机程序或指令，当所述计算机程序或指令被执行时，使得所述通信装置实现上述第二方面任意可能的设计或实现方式中的方法。
在一种可能的设计中，所述通信装置包括处理器和存储器，存储器可以保存实现上述第二方面涉及的功能的必要计算机程序或指令。所述处理器可执行所述存储器存储的计算机程序或指令，当所述计算机程序或指令被执行时，使得所述通信装置实现上述第二方面任意可能的设计或实现方式中的方法。
在一种可能的设计中，所述通信装置包括至少一个处理器和接口电路，其中，至少一个处理器用于通过所述接口电路与其它装置通信，并执行上述第二方面任意可能的设计或实现方式中的方法。
第九方面，本申请提供一种通信系统，该通信系统可以包括第一网络设备和核心网设备。示例性地，第一网络设备可以包括CU和DU，进一步地，CU可以包括CU-CP实体和CU-UP实体。其中，第一网络设备可以用于执行第一方面、第三方面至第六方面任意可能的设计或实现方式中的方法，核心网设备可以用于执行第二方面任意可能的设计或实现方式中的方法。
在一个实施例中，所述核心网设备用于，获取第一QoS流的QoS参数，所述QoS参数用于指示按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值以及按照第二时长进行统计的丢包上限值；以及，向所述第一网络设备发送所述QoS参数；所述第一网络设备用于，从所述核心网设备接收所述QoS参数，并根据所述QoS参数传输所述第一QoS流的数据包。
在该实施例的一种可能的设计中，所述通信系统还包括第二网络设备；所述第一网络设备还用于，向所述第二网络设备发送所述QoS参数；所述第二网络设备用于，从所述第一网络设备接收所述QoS参数，并根据所述QoS参数传输第二QoS流的数据包；其中，所述第一网络设备为终端设备的主网络设备，所述第二网络设备为所述终端设备的辅网络设备，所述第一QoS流和所述第二QoS流为同一QoS流；或者，所述第一网络设备为所述终端设备的源网络设备，所述第二网络设备为所述终端设备的目标网络设备。
在该实施例的一种可能的设计中，所述通信系统还包括第二网络设备；所述核心网设备还用于，向所述第二网络设备发送所述QoS参数；所述第二网络设备用于，从所述核心网设备接收所述QoS参数，并根据所述QoS参数传输第二QoS流的数据包；其中，所述第一网络设备为所述终端设备的源网络设备，所述第二网络设备为所述终端设备的目标网络设备。
第十方面，本申请提供一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机存储介质中存储有计算机可读指令，当计算机读取并执行所述计算机可读指令时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面至第六方面的任一种可能的设计中的方法。
第十一方面，本申请提供一种计算机程序产品，当计算机读取并执行所述计算机程序 产品时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面至第六方面的任一种可能的设计中的方法。
第十二方面，本申请提供一种芯片，所述芯片包括处理器，所述处理器与存储器耦合，用于读取并执行所述存储器中存储的软件程序，以实现上述第一方面至第六方面的任一种可能的设计中的方法。
本申请的这些方面或其它方面在以下实施例的描述中会更加简明易懂。
附图说明
图1a为本申请实施例适用的一种网络架构示意图；
图1b为本申请实施例提供的PDU会话建立流程的示意图；
图1c为本申请实施例适用的又一种网络架构示意图；
图1d为本申请实施例提供的生存时间示意图；
图2为本申请实施例一提供的通信方法所对应的流程示意图；
图3a至图3f为本申请实施例提供的几种数据传输示意图；
图4为本申请实施例二提供的通信方法所对应的流程示意图；
图5为本申请实施例三提供的通信方法所对应的流程示意图；
图6a为本申请实施例适用的又一种网络架构示意图；
图6b为本申请实施例适用的又一种网络架构示意图；
图6c为基于图6b的一种空口协议栈分布示意图；
图6d为本申请实施例提供的用户面协议层示意图；
图7为本申请实施例四提供的通信方法所对应的流程示意图；
图8为本申请实施例五提供的通信方法所对应的流程示意图；
图9为本申请实施例中所涉及的装置的可能的示例性框图；
图10为本申请实施例提供的一种网络设备的结构示意图；
图11为本申请实施例提供的一种核心网设备的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。
图1a为本申请实施例适用的一种网络架构示意图。如图1a所示，终端设备130可接入到无线网络，以通过无线网络获取外网(例如因特网)的服务，或者通过无线网络与其它设备通信，如可以与其它终端设备通信。该无线网络包括无线接入网(radio access network，RAN)和核心网(core network，CN)，其中，RAN用于将终端设备(比如终端设备1301或终端设备1302)接入到无线网络，CN用于对终端设备进行管理并提供与外网通信的网关。
其中，(1)终端设备(也可以称为用户设备(user equipment，UE))是一种具有无线收发功能的设备，可以部署在陆地上，包括室内或室外、手持或车载；也可以部署在水面上(如轮船等)；还可以部署在空中(例如飞机、气球和卫星上等)。所述终端设备可以是手机(mobile phone)、平板电脑(pad)、带无线收发功能的电脑、虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)终端、增强现实(augmented reality，AR)终端、工业控制(industrial control)中的 无线终端、无人驾驶(self driving)中的无线终端、远程医疗(remote medical)中的无线终端、智能电网(smart grid)中的无线终端、运输安全(transportation safety)中的无线终端、智慧城市(smart city)中的无线终端、智慧家庭(smart home)中的无线终端等。
上述终端设备可通过运营商网络提供的接口(例如N1等)与运营商网络建立连接，使用运营商网络提供的数据和/或语音等服务。终端设备还可通过运营商网络访问数据网络，使用数据网络上部署的运营商业务，和/或第三方提供的业务。其中，上述第三方可为运营商网络和终端设备之外的服务方，可为终端设备提供他数据和/或语音等服务。其中，上述第三方的具体表现形式，具体可根据实际应用场景确定，在此不做限制。
(2)RAN中可以包括一个或多个RAN设备，RAN设备即为将终端设备接入到无线网络的节点或设备，RAN设备又可以称为网络设备或基站。RAN设备例如包括但不限于：5G通信系统中的新一代基站(generation Node B，gNodeB)、演进型节点B(evolved node B，eNB)、无线网络控制器(radio network controller，RNC)、节点B(node B，NB)、基站控制器(base station controller，BSC)、基站收发台(base transceiver station，BTS)、家庭基站(例如，home evolved nodeB，或home node B，HNB)、基带单元(baseBand unit，BBU)、传输接收点(transmitting and receiving point，TRP)、发射点(transmitting point，TP)、移动交换中心等。
(3)CN中可以包括一个或多个CN设备，以5G通信系统为例，CN中可以包括接入和移动性管理功能(access and mobility management function，AMF)网元、会话管理功能(session management function，SMF)网元、用户面功能(user plane function，UPF)网元、策略控制功能(policy control function，PCF)网元、统一数据管理(unified data management，UDM)网元、应用功能(application function，AF)网元等。
AMF网元是由运营商网络提供的控制面网元，负责终端设备接入运营商网络的接入控制和移动性管理，例如包括移动状态管理，分配用户临时身份标识，认证和授权用户等功能。
SMF网元是由运营商网络提供的控制面网元，负责管理终端设备的协议数据单元(protocol data unit，PDU)会话。PDU会话是一个用于传输PDU的通道，终端设备需要通过PDU会话与DN互相传送PDU。PDU会话由SMF网元负责建立、维护和删除等。SMF网元包括会话管理(如会话建立、修改和释放，包含UPF和RAN之间的隧道维护)、UPF网元的选择和控制、业务和会话连续性(service and session continuity，SSC)模式选择、漫游等会话相关的功能。
UPF网元是由运营商提供的网关，是运营商网络与DN通信的网关。UPF网元包括数据包路由和传输、包检测、业务用量上报、服务质量(Quality of Service，QoS)处理、合法监听、上行包检测、下行数据包存储等用户面相关的功能。
PCF网元是由运营商提供的控制面功能，用于向SMF网元提供PDU会话的策略。策略可以包括计费相关策略、QoS相关策略和授权相关策略等。
UDM网元是由运营商提供的控制面网元，负责存储运营商网络中签约用户的用户永久标识符(subscriber permanent identifier，SUPI)、安全上下文(security context)、签约数据等信息。
AF网元是提供各种业务服务的功能网元，能够通过其它网元与核心网交互，以及能够和策略管理框架交互进行策略管理。
(4)数据网络(data network，DN)，DN也可以称为分组数据网络(packet data network，PDN)，是位于运营商网络之外的网络，运营商网络可以接入多个DN，DN上可部署多种业务，可为终端设备提供数据和/或语音等服务。
此外，尽管未示出，CN中还可以包括其它可能的网元，比如网络开放功能(network exposure function，NEF)、网元统一数据仓储(unified data repository，UDR)网元，NEF网元用于提供网络能力开放相关的框架、鉴权和接口，在5G系统网络功能和其他网络功能之间传递信息；UDR网元主要用来存储用户相关的签约数据、策略数据、用于开放的结构化数据、应用数据。
图1a中Npcf、Nudm、Naf、Namf、Nsmf、N1、N2、N3、N4，以及N6为接口序列号。这些接口序列号的含义可参见相关标准协议中定义的含义，在此不做限制。
可以理解的是，图1a中是以5G通信系统为例进行示意的，本申请实施例中的方案还可以适用于其它可能的通信系统中，比如未来的第六代(the 6th generation，6G)通信系统中。上述网元或者功能既可以是硬件设备中的网络元件，也可以是在专用硬件上运行软件功能，或者是平台(例如，云平台)上实例化的虚拟化功能。可选的，上述网元或者功能可以由一个设备实现，也可以由多个设备共同实现，还可以是一个设备内的一个功能模块，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
在上述图1a所示意的网络架构中，终端设备与数据网络之间可以通过PDU会话进行数据传输。其中，终端设备可以建立多个PDU会话来连接到相同的数据网络或不同的数据网络。每个PDU会话中可以传输多个不同QoS要求的数据流，称为QoS流。在PDU会话的建立或修改过程中，网络设备可以根据PDU会话中的QoS流对应的QoS参数，为PDU会话中的QoS流配置空口资源以及根据QoS参数对QoS流中的数据包进行传输。
下面以PDU会话建立过程为例进行描述。图1b为PDU会话建立流程的示意图，参见图1b所示，该流程包括：
步骤101，AF网元向PCF网元发送业务(比如业务1)的QoS需求信息。
步骤102，PCF网元接收业务1的QoS需求信息，并根据业务1的QoS需求信息确定业务1对应的策略和计费控制规则(policy and charging control，PCC)规则(rule)，其中，PCC规则可以包括业务1对应的服务数据流(service data flow，SDF)模板以及QoS参数。
步骤103，PCF网元将PCC规则发送给SMF网元。
此处，比如SMF网元接收到来自终端设备的PDU会话建立请求后，可以向PCF网元发送请求消息，请求消息用于获取PCC规则，进而PCF网元接收到请求消息后，可以将PCC规则发送给SMF网元。
步骤104，SMF网元确定待建立的PDU会话所包括的一个或者多个QoS流中每个QoS流的QoS参数。比如，一个或多个QoS流中包括第一QoS流，第一QoS流用于承载业务1，第一QoS流的QoS参数即为业务1对应的QoS参数。
步骤105、SMF网元通过AMF网元将PDU会话建立请求发送给网络设备，AMF网元透传SMF网元的请求；其中，PDU会话建立请求包括该PDU会话中需要建立的一个或者多个QoS流中每个QoS流的QoS参数。
步骤106，网络设备接收PDU会话建立请求，并根据PDU会话建立请求中的每个QoS流的QoS参数进行空口资源的配置。
步骤107，网络设备通过AMF网元向SMF网元送表示PDU会话建立成功的响应消息。
下面对上述所涉及的QoS流的QoS参数进行介绍。
示例性地，QoS流可以包括保证比特速率(guaranteed bit rate，GBR)QoS流和非保证比特速率(Non-guaranteed bit rate，Non-GBR)QoS流。其中，GBR QoS流所承载的业务对时延要求较为严格，可以容许较高的数据丢包率，比如会话类视频等业务；Non-GBR QoS流所承载的业务对信息的完整性要求较为严格，不容许较高的数据丢包率，比如网页浏览、文件下载等业务。
以GBR QoS流为例，QoS参数可以包括5G服务质量标识(5G QoS identifier，5QI)、保证流比特率(guaranteed flow bit rate，GFBR)、最大流比特率(maximum flow bit rate，MFBR)。
其中，GFBR表示由网络保证在平均窗口上向QoS流提供的比特率；MFBR用于将比特率限制为QoS流所期望的最高比特率(例如，超过MFBR时数据包可能被UE/RAN/UPF丢弃)。GFBR的值在上行链路(uplink，UL)和下行链路(downlink，DL)中可以是相同的，以及MFBR的值在UL和DL中也可以是相同的。
5QI是一个标量，用于索引到对应的5G QoS特征。5QI分为标准化的5QI、预配置的5QI和动态分配的5QI。其中，标准化的5QI与一组标准化的5G QoS特征一一对应；预配置的5QI对应的5G QoS特征值可以预配置在网络设备上；动态分配的5QI对应的5G QoS特征由核心网设备发送给网络设备。
以标准化的5QI为例，其对应的5G QoS特征可以包括：
(1)资源类型(resource type)，包括GBR、时延敏感(delay critical)的GBR和Non-GBR。其中，Non-GBR QoS流可以使用Non-GBR资源类型。GBR QoS流可以使用GBR资源类型或时延敏感的GBR资源类型；对于GBR资源类型和时延敏感的GBR资源类型来说，包时延预算和包错误率的定义是不同的，并且默认最大数据突发量仅适用于时延敏感的GBR资源类型。本申请实施例中将主要针对时延敏感的GBR资源类型进行描述。
(2)优先级水平(priority level)，表示5G QoS流间的资源调度优先级，该参数用于区分一个终端设备的各个QoS流，也可用于区分不同终端设备的QoS流。该参数值越小表示优先级越高。
(3)包时延预算(packet delay budget，PDB)，定义了终端设备和锚点UPF网元间数据包传输的时延上限。对于某个5QI，PDB的值在UL和DL中是相同的。
(4)包错误率(packet error rate，PER)，定义了一个上限，也就是数据包已经被发送端的链路层(如RLC层)处理了，但没有被对应的接收端提交给上层(如PDCP层)的比率上限。包错误率也可以称为误包率，二者可以相互替换。需要说明的是，对于使用时延敏感的GBR资源类型的GBR QoS流，如果在PDB周期内发送的数据突发小于默认最大数据突发量且QoS流不超过保证流比特率，则延迟大于PDB的数据包被计为丢失。
(5)平均窗口，是针对GBR QoS流定义的，用于相关网元统计GFBR和MFBR。
(6)最大数据突发量(maximum data burst volume，MDBV)，表示5G接入网在一个5G接入网PDB期间需要服务的最大数据量；资源类型为时延敏感的GBR的每个QoS流应与一个MDBV相关联。
举个例子，标准化的5QI的取值为82，则其对应的资源类型为时延敏感的GBR，优先级水平为19，PDB为10ms，PER为10 -4，MDBV为255字节(byte)，平均窗口为2000 ms。
目前，3GPP已在讨论5G通信系统支持工业网应用的时延敏感网络(time sensitive network，TSN)的方案，即TSN可以将5G通信系统看成是一个TSN桥接设备，各类工业应用的数据包可以通过5G通信系统进行上行/下行发送。
图1c为本申请实施例适用的又一种网络架构示意图，该网络结构结合了5G通信系统和TSN系统。如图1c所示，TSN系统中可以包括集中网络配置(centralized network configuration，CNC)网元和集中用户配置(centralized user configuration，CUC)网元以及数据终端(end station)。其中，CNC网元和CUC网元为TSN系统中的配置网元，用于实现TSN配置。数据终端可分为发送端(talker)和接收端(listener)，将TSN业务的发送者称为发送端(talker)，TSN业务的接收者称为接收端(listener)。
进一步地，通过在AF网元上增加TSN适配功能的控制面，在UPF网元上增加TSN适配功能的用户面(user plane，UP)1，在终端设备上增加TSN适配功能的UP2，这三者与5G通信系统一起组成逻辑桥接设备，作为TSN中的桥接设备。其中，AF网元作为5G通信系统和TSN的连接节点，AF网元可以与TSN中的CNC网元交互。虽然图1b中UPF与UP1、终端设备与UP2是分开画的，但是实际上UP1和UP2是用户面TSN适配功能的逻辑功能，UP1可以部署在UPF网元上，或者UP1可以是UPF网元的内部功能模块；同理UP2可以部署在终端设备上，或者UP2可以是终端设备的内部功能模块。TSN适配功能指的是将5G网络的特征和信息适配成TSN要求的信息，通过TSN定义的接口与TSN中的网元通信。
基于图1c所示意的网络架构，当通过5G通信系统传输TSN业务时，TSN系统中的CNC网元可以将TSN业务的QoS需求信息发送给AF网元，进而由AF网元对TSN业务的QoS需求信息进行转化或者说翻译(translate)，并将翻译后的TSN业务的QoS需求信息发送给PCF网元，由PCF网元基于翻译后的TSN业务的QoS需求信息确定PCC规则，进而采用图1b所示意的流程建立一条QoS流来承载TSN业务。
示例性地，用于承载TSN业务的QoS流可以为GBR QoS流，该GBR QoS流可以采用时延敏感的GBR资源类型。
进一步地，针对于TSN业务来说，应用层可以在应用层设置生存时间。生存时间是指应用层如果在某一数据包期望到达的时间范围内没有收到该数据包，将会启动生存时间定时器，如果该定时器运行过程中若有期望的应用层数据包到达，则定时器停止；如果该定时器一直运行直到超时，即在生存时间定时器活跃的这段时间内没有任何一个期望的应用层数据包到达，则应用层发生中断。此时，应用层中断后会进入一个预定义的状态，如业务中断、宕机等，对正常的业务会有影响。对于周期性产生数据包的业务而言，生存时间通常可以定义为连续丢包的数量，如果连续丢包数超过生存时间门限则会导致业务失败。
图1d为应用层发生中断的一种示例。参见图1d所示，一个传输周期内可以传输一个数据包，生存时间的长度为一个传输周期，也就是说，当连续两个数据包传输失败时，终端设备的业务在应用层发生中断。
然而，由于现有的GBR QoS流的QoS参数可以表征平均窗口(比如2000ms)内的链路质量的需求，但无法表征生存时间对应的传输可靠性需求。比如，PER允许每平均窗口内丢2个数据包，但如果这2个数据包是连续的2个数据包(如图1d所示)，则不能满足 生存时间的传输可靠性需求，从而可能导致终端设备的业务在应用层发生中断。
基于此，本申请实施例提供一种通信方法及装置，用于避免终端设备的业务在应用层发生中断。
示例性地，本申请实施例提供的通信方法可以包括：网络设备接收第一QoS流的QoS参数，第一QoS流的QoS参数用于指示按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值以及按照第二时长进行统计的丢包上限值，进而网络设备可以根据第一QoS流的QoS参数对第一QoS流进行处理。
采用该种方法，网络设备是基于按照至少两种时长进行统计的丢包上限值来对QoS流进行处理，相比于现有方案中网络设备按照平均窗口进行统计的误包率来对QoS流进行处理来说，更加全面地考虑了第一QoS流所承载的业务的传输可靠性需求，从而能够更加有效地保证业务的传输可靠性，避免应用层发生中断。
在一种可能的方案中，按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值可以是根据第一QoS流所承载的业务的生存时间对应的传输可靠性需求确定的，按照第二时长进行统计的丢包上限值可以是指按照平均窗口进行统计的误包率。也就是说，本申请实施例中，第一QoS流的QoS参数在现有QoS流的QoS参数的基础上，还考虑了第一QoS流所承载的业务的生存时间对应的传输可靠性需求，从而解决现有QoS流的QoS参数无法满足生存时间对应的传输可靠性需求的问题。
本申请实施例中的方法可以适用于多种可能的场景，在不同的场景中，网络设备可以从不同的设备接收第一QoS流的QoS参数，以便对第一QoS流进行处理。下面结合实施例一、实施例二和实施例三对本申请实施例提供的方法进行详细描述。
实施例一
在实施例一中，将以本申请实施例中的方法适用于终端设备连接一个网络设备的场景为例进行描述。在该场景中，网络设备可以从核心网设备接收第一QoS流的QoS参数。
图2为本申请实施例一提供的通信方法所对应的流程示意图，如图2所示，该方法包括如下步骤：
步骤201，SMF网元获取第一QoS流的QoS参数，第一QoS流用于承载业务2，业务2可以为TSN业务。
此处，第一QoS流的QoS参数用于指示按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值以及按照第二时长进行统计的丢包上限值。其中，按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值可以是根据业务2的生存时间对应的传输可靠性需求确定的，按照第二时长进行统计的丢包上限值可以是指按照平均窗口进行统计的误包率。
示例性地，SMF网元获取第一QoS流的QoS参数的方式可以有多种。比如，SMF网元可以从PCF网元获取业务2对应的PCC规则，进而将业务2对应的QoS参数作为第一QoS流的QoS参数。举个例子，SMF网元可以向PCF网元发送请求消息，进而PCF网元基于请求消息向SMF网元发送一个或多个业务对应的PCC规则，一个或多个业务中包括业务2。
本申请实施例中，对PCF网元生成业务2对应的PCC规则的实现不做限定。比如，参见图1c所示，AF网元可以从CNC网元获取业务2的QoS需求信息，业务2的QoS需求信息包括业务2的生存时间对应的传输可靠性需求；AF网元对业务的QoS需求信息进 行翻译，并将翻译后的QoS需求信息发送给PCF网元，进而，PCF网元可以基于翻译后的业务2的QoS需求信息确定业务2对应的PCC规则。
示例性地，SMF网元获取第一QoS流的QoS参数的事件(或场景)可以有多种，下面描述三种可能的事件：(1)事件1，终端设备有下行业务接收需求或上行业务发送需求，此种情形下，终端设备会发起PDU会话建立请求，进而SMF网元可以在接收到PDU会话建立请求后，可以从PCF网元获取第一QoS流的QoS参数。(2)事件2，终端设备侧需要修改已经建立的PDU会话中第一QoS流，此种情形下，终端设备会发起PDU会话修改请求，进而SMF网元可以在接收到PDU会话修改请求后，可以从PCF网元获取第一QoS流的QoS参数。(3)事件3，网络侧需要修改已经建立的PDU会话中第一QoS流，举个例子，当已建立的PDU会话中的第一QoS流的原QoS参数无法满足业务的QoS需求时，UDM网元向SMF网元发送改变的签约信息，触发SMF网元根据改变的签约信息确定(或者说获取)第一QoS流的QoS参数，以便将第一QoS流的原QoS参数修改为第一QoS流的QoS参数。
步骤202，SMF网元通过AMF网元向网络设备发送第一QoS流的QoS参数。
相应地，在步骤203中，网络设备接收第一QoS流的QoS参数。
此处，按照第二时长进行统计的丢包上限值的实现可以参见现有技术。本申请实施例中，将对按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值的相关特征进行描述。
一、针对按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值进行解释说明。
第一时长可以为业务2的生存时间的时长。示例性地，业务2可以为按照传输周期进行传输的业务，每个传输周期内可以传输一个或多个数据包，此种情形下，第一时长可以包括N个传输周期，N为大于或等于1的整数。
实现方式a1，按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值可以包括：按照第一时长进行统计的最大丢包率；或者，按照第一时长进行统计的最大丢包量；或者，按照第一时长进行统计的最大丢包个数；或者，按照第一时长进行统计的误包率。其中，(1)按照第一时长进行统计的最大丢包率可以是指，在第一时长内允许丢失的最大数据包个数与应传输的数据包个数之间的比值；或者，在第一时长内允许丢失的最大数据量(比如字节个数)与应传输的数据量之间的比值。(2)按照第一时长进行统计的最大丢包量可以是指，在第一时长内允许丢失的最大数据量(比如字节个数)。(3)按照第一时长进行统计的最大丢包个数可以是指，在第一时长内允许丢失的最大数据包个数。(4)按照第一时长进行统计的误包率可以是指，在第一时长内，数据包已经被发送端的链路层(如RLC层)处理了，但没有被对应的接收端提交给上层(如PDCP层)的比率上限。
实现方式a2，按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值可以是指，按照第一时长的每个传输周期进行统计的丢包上限值。其中，按照第一时长的每个传输周期进行统计的丢包上限值包括：按照第一时长的每个传输周期进行统计的最大丢包率；或者，按照第一时长的每个传输周期进行统计的最大丢包量；或者，按照第一时长的每个传输周期进行统计的最大丢包个数；或者，按照第一时长的每个传输周期进行统计的误包率。具体含义可以适应性参照上述实现方式a1中的描述。
二、针对第一QoS流的QoS参数指示按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值的一些可能的指示方式进行描述。
指示方式1，第一QoS流的QoS参数可以包括第一时长和按照第一时长进行统计的丢 包上限值。其中，第一时长的单位可以为ms、s，或者第一时长的单位也可以为传输周期。
指示方式2，第一QoS流的QoS参数可以包括5QI，5QI关联第一时长和按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值。比如，可以预先通过定义5QI与第一时长和按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值的对应关系，也就是说，5QI除对应上述所描述的资源类型、优先级水平等六项5G QoS特征外，还可以对应第一时长和按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值。如此，QoS参数可以包括5QI，而无需再额外包括第一时长和按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值，从而能够有效节省传输资源。
需要说明的是：按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值在上行链路和下行链路中可以是相同的。具体实施中，第一QoS流的QoS参数可以分别指示上行按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值和下行按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值。为简化描述，本申请实施例中，将以第一QoS流的QoS参数指示按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值(该按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值是上行链路和下行链路共用的)为例进行描述。
三、针对SMF网元向网络设备发送第一QoS流的QoS参数的实现方式进行描述。
示例性地，当上述步骤201中所描述的触发事件为事件1时，SMF网元可以通过AMF网元向网络设备发送PDU会话建立请求(PDU session setup request)，PDU会话建立请求中包括第一QoS流的QoS参数。当上述步骤201中所描述的触发事件为事件2或事件3时，SMF网元可以通过AMF网元向网络设备发送PDU会话修改请求(PDU session modification request)，PDU会话修改请求中包括第一QoS流的QoS参数。
下面以PDU会话建立请求为例，描述PDU会话建立请求承载第一QoS流的QoS参数(以采用指示方式1为例)的一些可能的实现方式。
实现方式b1，PDU会话建立请求包括GBR QoS流信息(GBR QoS Flow Information)，GBR QoS流信息包括下行MFBR、上行MFBR、下行GFBR、上行GFBR、通知控制(notification control)、下行最大丢包率(maximum packet loss rate)，上行最大丢包率。本申请实施例中，GBR QoS流信息还可以包括第一时长和按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值。也就是说，GBR QoS流信息中可以包括两个信元(information element，IE)，分别为信元1和信元2，其中，信元1用于指示第一时长，信元2用于指示按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值。
实现方式b2，考虑到GBR QoS流信息中的上行最大丢包率和下行最大丢包率仅在属于语音媒体的GBR QoS流上使用，而本申请实施例中第一QoS流所承载的业务2为TSN业务，因此，可以将用于承载上行最大丢包率的信元用来指示上行按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值，以及将用于承载下行最大丢包率的信元用来指示下行按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值。进一步地，GBR QoS流信息中还可以包括一个信元，该信元用于承载第一时长。采用该种方式，通过复用用于承载上行最大丢包率的信元和用于承载下行最大丢包率的信元，从而能够有效节省传输资源。
实现方式b3，PDU会话建立请求包括业务特征(traffic characteristics)，业务特征包括下行辅助信息(assistance information)、上行辅助信息。本申请实施例中，业务特征还可以包括第一时长和按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值。也就是说，业务特征中可以包括两个信元，分别为信元1和信元2，其中，信元1用于指示第一时长，信元2用于指示按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值。
实现方式b4，如上所述，PDU会话建立请求中的业务特征包括下行辅助信息和上行 辅助信息；本申请实施例中，下行辅助信息或上行辅助信息中可以包括两个信元，分别为信元1和信元2，其中，信元1用于指示第一时长，信元2用于指示按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值；或者，下行辅助信息中可以包括两个信元，分别用于指示第一时长和下行按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值，以及上行辅助信息中包括两个信元，分别用于指示第一时长和上行按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值。
步骤204，网络设备根据第一QoS流的QoS参数对第一QoS流进行处理。
其中，网络设备根据第一QoS流的QoS参数对第一QoS流进行处理，可以包括：(1)网络设备根据第一QoS流的QoS参数为第一QoS流配置空口资源，比如根据第一QoS流的QoS参数确定第一QoS流对应的数据无线承载(data radio bearer，DRB)的配置信息或逻辑信道的配置信息，并发送给终端设备。示例性地，网络设备可以通过RRC重配置(RRC reconfiguration)消息向终端设备发送DRB的配置信息或逻辑信道的配置信息，相应地，终端设备可以根据接收到的DRB的配置信息或逻辑信道的配置信息进行配置，并在配置完成后向网络设备发送RRC重配置完成(RRC reconfiguration complete)消息。(2)网络设备根据第一QoS流的QoS参数传输第一QoS流的数据包。
下面对网络设备根据第一QoS流的QoS参数传输第一QoS流的数据包的一些可能的实现进行描述。其中，网络设备根据第一QoS流的QoS参数传输第一QoS流的数据包，可以包括：网络设备根据按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值传输第一QoS流的数据包，以及网络设备根据按照第二时长进行统计的丢包上限值传输第一QoS流的数据包。以下将分别进行说明。
一、针对网络设备根据按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值传输第一QoS流的数据包的一些可能的实现进行描述。
(1)当采用上述实现方式a1时，以按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值为按照第一时长进行统计的最大丢包个数为例，则网络设备可以按照传输周期平移时间窗口，并统计每个时间窗口内的丢包个数，若某一个时间窗口内的丢包个数大于或等于最大丢包个数，则可以提高下一传输周期的数据包的传输可靠性；若某一个时间窗口内的丢包个数小于最大丢包个数，则可以正常传输下一周期的数据包(即不提高下一传输周期的数据包的传输可靠性)。其中，每个时间窗口的时长均等于第一时长。
举个例子，业务2为按照传输周期进行传输的业务，每个传输周期内传输一个数据包。网络设备根据第一QoS流的QoS参数获知第一时长为2个传输周期，按照第一时长进行统计的最大丢包个数为2个。参见图3a所示：
①网络设备可以统计时间窗口1的丢包个数，确定时间窗口1的丢包个数为2个，进而可以在传输周期3提高数据包的传输可靠性。
②网络设备可以统计时间窗口2的丢包个数，确定时间窗口2的丢包个数为1个(小于最大丢包个数)，进而在传输周期4可以不提高数据包的传输可靠性。
③网络设备可以统计时间窗口3的丢包个数，确定时间窗口3的丢包个数为1个(小于最大丢包个数)，进而在传输周期5可以不提高数据包的传输可靠性。
④网络设备可以统计时间窗口4的丢包个数，确定时间窗口4的丢包个数为2个，进而可以在传输周期6提高数据包的传输可靠性。
再举个例子，业务2为按照传输周期进行传输的业务，每个传输周期内传输两个数据包。网络设备根据第一QoS流的QoS参数获知第一时长为2个传输周期，按照第一时长 进行统计的最大丢包个数为2个。参见图3b所示：
①网络设备可以统计时间窗口1的丢包个数，确定时间窗口1的丢包个数为1个(小于最大丢包个数)，进而在传输周期3可以不提高数据包的传输可靠性。
②网络设备可以统计时间窗口2的丢包个数，确定时间窗口2的丢包个数为2个，进而可以在传输周期4提高数据包的传输可靠性。
③网络设备可以统计时间窗口3的丢包个数，确定时间窗口3的丢包个数为1个(小于最大丢包个数)，进而在传输周期5可以不提高数据包的传输可靠性。
④网络设备可以统计时间窗口4的丢包个数，确定时间窗口4的丢包个数为2个，进而可以在传输周期6提高数据包的传输可靠性。
(2)当采用上述实现方式a2时，以按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值为按照第一时长的每个传输周期进行统计的最大丢包个数为例，则网络设备可以按照传输周期平移时间窗口，以及针对每个时间窗口，网络设备可以判断该时间窗口所包括的每个传输周期的丢包个数是否均大于或等于最大丢包个数，若是，则可以提高下一传输周期的数据包的传输可靠性；若否，比如该时间窗口所包括的多个传输周期中至少存在一个传输周期的丢包个数小于最大丢包个数，则可以正常传输下一周期的数据包(即不提高下一传输周期的数据包的传输可靠性)。其中，每个时间窗口的时长均等于第一时长。
举个例子，业务2为按照传输周期进行传输的业务，每个传输周期内传输一个数据包。网络设备根据第一QoS流的QoS参数获知第一时长为2个传输周期，按照第一时长的每个传输周期进行统计的最大丢包个数为1个。参见图3c所示：
①网络设备可以统计时间窗口1所包括的每个传输周期的丢包个数，确定传输周期1的丢包个数为1(等于最大丢包个数)，传输周期2的丢包个数为1个(等于最大丢包个数)，进而可以在传输周期3提高数据包的传输可靠性。
②网络设备可以统计时间窗口2所包括的每个传输周期的丢包个数，确定传输周期2的丢包个数为1(等于最大丢包个数)，而传输周期3的丢包个数为0个(小于最大丢包个数)，进而在传输周期4可以不提高数据包的传输可靠性。
③网络设备可以统计时间窗口3所包括的每个传输周期的丢包个数，确定传输周期3的丢包个数为0(小于最大丢包个数)，传输周期4的丢包个数为1个(等于最大丢包个数)，进而在传输周期5可以不提高数据包的传输可靠性。
④网络设备统计时间窗口4所包括的每个传输周期的丢包个数，确定传输周期4的丢包个数为1个(等于最大丢包个数)，传输周期5的丢包个数为1个(等于最大丢包个数)，可以在传输周期6提高数据包的传输可靠性。
再举个例子，业务2为按照传输周期进行传输的业务，每个传输周期内传输两个数据包。网络设备根据第一QoS流的QoS参数获知第一时长为2个传输周期，按照第一时长的每个传输周期进行统计的最大丢包个数为1个。参见图3d所示：
①网络设备可以统计时间窗口1所包括的每个传输周期的丢包个数，确定传输周期1的丢包个数为0个(小于最大丢包个数)，传输周期2的丢包个数为1个(等于最大丢包个数)，进而可以在传输周期3不提高数据包的传输可靠性。
②网络设备可以统计时间窗口2所包括的每个传输周期的丢包个数，确定传输周期2的丢包个数为1个(等于最大丢包个数)，传输周期3的丢包个数为1个(等于最大丢包个数)，进而可以在传输周期4提高数据包的传输可靠性。
③网络设备可以统计时间窗口3所包括的每个传输周期的丢包个数，确定传输周期3的丢包个数为1个(等于最大丢包个数)，传输周期4的丢包个数为0个(小于最大丢包个数)，进而在传输周期5可以不提高数据包的传输可靠性。
④网络设备可以统计时间窗口4所包括的每个传输周期的丢包个数，确定传输周期4的丢包个数为0个(小于最大丢包个数)，传输周期5的丢包个数为2个(大于最大丢包个数)，进而在传输周期6可以不提高数据包的传输可靠性。
根据上述图3a至3d所描述的示例可以看出，网络设备按照第一时长统计丢包情况，并在达到丢包上限值后，在下一传输周期提高数据包的传输可靠性，从而便于满足生存时间对应的传输可靠性需求，有效避免终端设备的业务在应用层发生中断。
需要说明的是：上述图3a至3d所描述的示例中，均是以丢包上限值为最大丢包个数为例，此种情形下，网络设备可以统计时间窗口(或传输周期)内的丢包个数，与最大丢包个数进行比较，进而根据比较结果判断是否在下一传输周期提高数据包的传输可靠性。在其它可能的示例中，当丢包上限值为最大丢包率时，比如：
①按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值为按照第一时长进行统计的最大丢包率(如在第一时长内允许丢失的最大数据包个数与应传输的数据包个数之间的比值)，此种情形下，网络设备可以统计时间窗口内的丢包个数，并根据时间窗口内的丢包个数和应传输的数据包个数的比值得到丢包率，将该丢包率与最大丢包率进行比较，进而根据比较结果判断是否在下一传输周期提高数据包的传输可靠性。
其中，网络设备确定时间窗口内应传输的数据包个数的方式可以有多种。在一种可能的实现方式中，网络设备可以自行统计到达的数据包，进而根据统计结果确定时间窗口内应传输的数据包个数。在又一种可能的实现方式中，网络设备可以从核心网设备(比如AMF网元)获取传输周期内应传输的数据包个数，进而根据传输周期内应传输的数据包个数确定时间窗口内应传输的数据包个数。示例性地，传输周期内应传输的数据包个数，也可以简化描述为，传输周期内的数据包个数。
②按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值为按照第一时长的每个传输周期进行统计的最大丢包率(如在传输周期内允许丢失的最大数据包个数与应传输的数据包个数之间的比值)，此种情形下，网络设备可以统计时间窗口所包括的每个传输周期内的丢包个数，并根据每个传输周期内的丢包个数和应传输的数据包个数的比值得到丢包率，将该丢包率与最大丢包率进行比较，进而根据比较结果判断是否在下一传输周期提高数据包的传输可靠性。
其中，网络设备确定传输周期内应传输的数据包个数的方式可以有多种。在一种可能的实现方式中，网络设备可以自行统计到达的数据包，进而根据统计结果确定传输周期内应传输的数据包个数。在又一种可能的实现方式中，网络设备可以从核心网设备(比如AMF网元)获取传输周期内应传输的数据包个数。
上述①和②中是以最大丢包率为允许丢失的最大数据包个数与应传输的数据包个数之间的比值为例进行描述，当最大丢包率为允许丢失的最大数据量与应传输的数据量之间的比值时，网络设备可以获取时间窗口或传输周期内应传输的数据量，以便确定时间窗口或传输周期内的丢包率。示例性地，网络设备获取时间窗口或传输周期内应传输的数据量的方式，可以参照网络设备获取时间窗口或传输周期内应传输的数据包个数的描述，不再赘述。
本申请实施例中，首个时间窗口的起始位置可以为某一传输周期的起始位置，比如上述图3a至图3d所示意的，时间窗口1的起始位置为传输周期1的起始位置。
二、针对网络设备根据按照第二时长进行统计的丢包上限值传输第一QoS流的数据包的一些可能的实现进行描述。
示例性地，按照第二时长进行统计的丢包上限值可以是指按照平均窗口进行统计的误包率。如图3e所示，网络设备可以统计每个平均窗口(比如平均窗口1和平均窗口2)内的误包情况，并根据每个平均窗口内的误包情况与误包率的比较结果来执行相应的操作，本申请实施例对具体的操作不做限定。其中，平均窗口的时长即为第二时长。
需要说明的是：(1)平均窗口的时长可以等于传输周期的时长的整数倍，或者也可以不等于传输周期的时长的整数倍。(2)首个平均窗口的起始位置可以为某一传输周期的起始位置，或者也可以不是某一传输周期的起始位置，图3e中是以首个平均窗口(即平均窗口1)的起始位置为传输周期1的起始位置为例进行示意的。
三、针对上述一和二之间的联系进行描述。
本申请实施例中，对第一时长和第二时长的大小关系不做限定；考虑到通常情况下，第一时长小于第二时长，因此，本申请实施例中将针对第一时长小于第二时长的情形进行描述。当第一时长小于第二时长时，网络设备可以按照第二时长进行统计的丢包上限值传输第一QoS流的数据包，以及在第二时长内，根据按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值传输第一QoS流的数据包。也就是说，网络设备可以根据按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值和按照第二时长进行统计的丢包上限值对同一段时间内第一QoS流的数据包进行传输。
举个例子，第一时长(即时间窗口)包括2个传输周期，第二时长(即平均窗口)包括5个传输周期，参照图3f所示，网络设备可以统计每个平均窗口内的数据包传输情况，以及在平均窗口内统计每个时间窗口的数据包传输情况，进而基于每个时间窗口的数据包传输情况执行相应的操作，以及基于每个平均窗口内的数据包传输情况执行相应的操作。
可以理解地，上述图3f所描述的示例中，是以首个时间窗口的起始位置和首个平均窗口的起始位置为同一位置为例进行示意的。在其它可能的示例中，首个时间窗口的起始位置和首个平均窗口的起始位置也可以不同；比如，首个时间窗口的起始位置略早于首个平均窗口的起始位置，或者，首个时间窗口的起始位置略晚于首个平均窗口的起始位置。具体实施中可以取决于网络设备的内部实现，本申请实施例不做限定。
针对于上述步骤201至步骤205所描述的流程，需要说明的是：
(1)上述步骤201至步骤205所描述的流程仅为一种可能的流程示例，具体实施中，可以在上述所描述的流程的基础上进行适应性调整。比如，针对于第一QoS流的QoS参数采用上述指示方式1来指示按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值的情形，可能存在以下几种示例(参见示例1至示例3)；为便于描述，在该种情形中，可以认为第一QoS流的QoS参数包括QoS参数1和QoS参数2，其中，QoS参数1用于指示按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值，QoS参数2用于指示按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值。
示例1：核心网设备(比如SMF网元或AMF网元)可以向网络设备发送PDU会话建立请求消息，PDU会话建立请求消息包括QoS参数1和QoS参数2；相应地，网络设备可以根据QoS参数1和QoS参数2传输第一QoS流中的数据包。后续，需要修改PDU会话中第一QoS流的QoS参数(比如需要将QoS参数1修改为QoS参数1’，将QoS参数2修改为QoS参数2’)时，核心网设备可以向网络设备发送PDU会话修改请求消息，PDU 会话修改请求消息包括QoS参数1’和QoS参数2’；相应地，网络设备可以根据QoS参数1’和QoS参数2’传输第一QoS流中的数据包。
示例2：核心网设备(比如SMF网元或AMF网元)可以向网络设备发送PDU会话建立请求消息，PDU会话建立请求消息包括QoS参数1和QoS参数2；相应地，网络设备可以根据QoS参数1和QoS参数2传输第一QoS流中的数据包。后续，需要修改PDU会话中第一QoS流的QoS参数(比如需要将QoS参数1修改为QoS参数1’，而不需要修改QoS参数2)时，核心网设备可以向网络设备发送PDU会话修改请求消息，PDU会话修改请求消息包括QoS参数1’；相应地，网络设备可以根据QoS参数1’和QoS参数2传输第一QoS流中的数据包。
示例3：核心网设备(比如SMF网元或AMF网元)可以向网络设备发送PDU会话建立请求消息，PDU会话建立请求消息包括QoS参数1和QoS参数2；相应地，网络设备可以根据QoS参数1和QoS参数2传输第一QoS流中的数据包。后续，需要修改PDU会话中第一QoS流的QoS参数(比如需要将QoS参数2修改为QoS参数2’，而不需要修改QoS参数1)时，核心网设备可以向网络设备发送PDU会话修改请求消息，PDU会话修改请求消息包括QoS参数2’；相应地，网络设备可以根据QoS参数1和QoS参数2’传输第一QoS流中的数据包。
(2)上述步骤201至步骤205所描述的流程中仅示意出一些可能的步骤，具体实施中，还可以包括其它可能的步骤，比如，网络设备接收到PDU会话建立请求后，还可以向SMF网元返回PDU会话建立响应消息。
根据上述实施例一中的内容可知，网络设备可以从核心网设备获取第一QoS流的QoS参数，进而可以基于按照两种时长进行统计的丢包上限值来对第一QoS流进行处理，且由于按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值可以是根据第一QoS流所承载的业务的生存时间对应的传输可靠性需求确定的，从而能够更加有效地保证业务的传输可靠性，避免终端设备的业务在应用层发生中断。
实施例二
在实施例二中，将以本申请实施例中的方法适用于双连接场景为例进行描述。
在双连接场景中，终端设备可以同时与两个网络设备连接，两个网络设备中的一个网络设备为主网络设备，另一个网络设备为辅网络设备。此种情形下，主网络设备可以从核心网设备接收第一QoS流的QoS参数，辅网络设备可以从主网络设备接收第一QoS流的QoS参数。
图4为本申请实施例二提供的通信方法所对应的流程示意图，如图4所示，该方法包括如下步骤：
步骤401，SMF网元获取第一QoS流的QoS参数，第一QoS流用于承载业务2，业务2可以为TSN业务。
步骤402，SMF网元通过AMF网元向主网络设备发送第一QoS流的QoS参数。
相应地，在步骤403中，主网络设备接收第一QoS流的QoS参数。
示例性地，SMF网元通过AMF网元向主网络设备发送第一QoS流的QoS参数的实现可以参见实施例一中的描述。比如，SMF网元可以通过AMF网元向网络设备发送PDU会话建立请求，PDU会话建立请求中包括第一QoS流的QoS参数；或者，SMF网元可以 通过AMF网元向网络设备发送PDU会话修改请求，PDU会话修改请求中包括第一QoS流的QoS参数。
步骤404，主网络设备向辅网络设备发送第一QoS流的QoS参数。
相应地，在步骤405中，辅网络设备接收第一QoS流的QoS参数。
示例性地，当主网络设备接收到PDU会话建立请求(携带第一QoS流的QoS参数)后，可以将该PDU会话建立请求转发给辅网络设备。或者，当主网络设备接收到PDU会话修改请求(携带第一QoS流的QoS参数)后，可以将该PDU会话修改请求转发给辅网络设备。
需要说明的是，在其它可能的示例中，主网络设备也可以在为终端设备添加辅网络设备的过程中将第一QoS流的QoS参数发送给辅网络设备；比如，主网络设备向辅网络设备发送辅基站添加请求(SgNB addition request)，辅基站添加请求中包括第一QoS流的QoS参数。
步骤406，主网络设备和辅网络设备均根据第一QoS流的QoS参数对第一QoS流进行处理。
其中，主网络设备根据第一QoS流的QoS参数对第一QoS流进行处理，可以包括：(1)主网络设备根据第一QoS流的QoS参数为第一QoS流配置空口资源，比如根据第一QoS流的QoS参数确定第一QoS流对应的DRB的配置信息或逻辑信道的配置信息，并发送给终端设备。(2)主网络设备根据第一QoS流的QoS参数传输第一QoS流的数据包，具体实现可以参照实施例一中网络设备根据第一QoS流的QoS参数传输第一QoS流的数据包的描述。
辅网络设备根据第一QoS流的QoS参数对第一QoS流进行处理，可以包括：(1)辅网络设备根据第一QoS流的QoS参数为第一QoS流配置空口资源，比如根据第一QoS流的QoS参数确定第一QoS流对应的DRB的配置信息或逻辑信道的配置信息。进一步地，辅网络设备可以将确定的DRB的配置信息或逻辑信道的配置信息发送给主网络设备，由主网络设备发送给终端设备；或者也可以直接发送给终端设备，具体不做限定。(2)辅网络设备根据第一QoS流的QoS参数传输第一QoS流的数据包，具体实现可以参照实施例一中网络设备根据第一QoS流的QoS参数传输第一QoS流的数据包的描述。
根据上述实施例二中的内容可知，主网络设备从核心网设备获取第一QoS流的QoS参数后，还可以将第一QoS流的QoS参数发送给辅网络设备，使得主网络设备和辅网络设备均可以基于按照两种时长进行统计的丢包上限值来对第一QoS流进行处理，从而能够更加有效地保证业务的传输可靠性，避免终端设备的业务在应用层发生中断。
需要说明的是，上述是以主网络设备将第一QoS流的QoS参数发送给辅网络设备为例进行描述的，在其它可能的组网场景中，比如在宏基站+小基站的组网场景(宏基站用于建立控制面连接(可选的还有用户面连接)，小基站用于建立用户面连接)中，也可以由宏基站从核心网设备获取第一QoS流的QoS参数，进而将第一QoS流的QoS参数发送给小基站。
实施例三
在实施例三中，将以本申请实施例中的方法适用于切换场景为例进行描述。
示例性地，切换场景可以包括多种可能的切换情形，比如情形1，终端设备从网络设 备的一个小区切换到网络设备的另一个小区；情形2，终端设备从第一网络设备的小区切换到第二网络设备的小区。在情形2中，第一网络设备可以为源网络设备，第二网络设备可以为目标网络设备，源网络设备和目标网络设备可以为同一AMF网元下的网络设备，或者也可以为不同AMF网元下的网络设备。
在情形1中，网络设备可以从核心网设备接收第一QoS流的QoS参数；在情形2中，源网络设备可以从核心网设备接收第一QoS流的QoS参数，目标网络设备可以从源网络设备或者核心网设备接收第一QoS流的QoS参数。下面将针对情形2进行描述。
图5为本申请实施例三提供的通信方法所对应的流程示意图，如图5所示，该方法包括如下步骤：
步骤501，SMF网元获取第一QoS流的QoS参数，第一QoS流用于承载业务2，业务2可以为TSN业务。
步骤502，SMF网元通过AMF网元向源网络设备发送第一QoS流的QoS参数。
相应地，在步骤503中，源网络设备接收第一QoS流的QoS参数。
步骤504，源网络设备根据第一QoS流的QoS参数对第一QoS流进行处理。
步骤505，当终端设备需要切换到目标网络设备时，源网络设备可以向目标网络设备发送切换请求(handover request)消息，切换请求消息包括第一QoS流的QoS参数。
需要说明的是，此处是以源网络设备向目标网络设备发送切换请求消息，切换请求消息包括第一QoS流的QoS参数为例进行描述的。在其它可能的实施例中，比如，源网络设备和目标网络设备为同一AMF网元下的网络设备，则也可以由该AMF网元向目标网络设备发送切换请求消息，切换请求消息包括第一QoS流的QoS参数。又比如，源网络设备和目标网络设备为不同AMF网元下的网络设备，其中，源网络设备对应的AMF网元可以称为源AMF网元，目标网络设备对应的AMF网元称为目标AMF网元，则可以由源AMF网元将第一QoS流的QoS参数发送给目标AMF网元，进而由目标AMF网元向目标网络设备发送切换请求消息，切换请求消息包括第一QoS流的QoS参数。
步骤506，目标网络设备接收切换请求消息，并从切换请求消息中获取第一QoS流的QoS参数。
步骤507，目标网络设备可以根据接收到的QoS参数为终端设备建立第二QoS流，并根据该QoS参数传输第二QoS流的数据包。
在一个示例中，终端设备切换到目标网络设备之前，目标网络设备可以基于源网络设备发送的QoS参数为终端设备建立第二QoS流，第二QoS流的QoS流标识(QoS flow indicator，QFI)和第一QoS流的QFI可以相同或者不相同；进而在终端设备切换到目标网络设备后，目标网络设备可以基于已建立的第二QoS流以及QoS参数来为终端设备传输数据包。
根据上述实施例三中的内容可知，目标网络设备可以获取第一QoS流的QoS参数，从而使得终端设备在切换到目标网络设备后，目标网络设备可以基于按照两种时长进行统计的丢包上限值来对QoS流进行处理，有效避免因终端设备发生切换而导致终端设备的业务在应用层发生中断。
上文描述中，是将网络设备(RAN设备)作为一个整体设备进行示意的，在其它可能的示例中，RAN设备可以由分离的节点构成，比如参见图6a和图6b。
图6a为本申请实施例适用的又一种网络架构示意图。如图6a所示，该网络架构包括数据网络中的服务器(比如应用服务器)、CN设备、RAN设备和终端设备；其中，RAN设备包括基带装置和射频装置。RAN设备和终端设备之间的通信遵循一定的协议层结构，例如控制面协议层结构可以包括RRC层、分组数据汇聚层协议(packet data convergence protocol，PDCP)层、无线链路控制(radio link control，RLC)层、媒体接入控制(media access control，MAC)层和物理层等协议层的功能；用户面协议层结构可以包括PDCP层、RLC层、MAC层和物理层(physical，PHY)等协议层的功能；在一种可能的实现中，PDCP层之上还可以包括业务数据适配(service data adaptation protocol，SDAP)层。
RAN设备可以由一个节点实现RRC、PDCP、RLC和MAC等协议层的功能，或者可以由多个节点实现这些协议层的功能。例如，在一种演进结构中，RAN设备可以包括CU和DU，多个DU可以由一个CU集中控制。如图2所示，CU和DU可以根据无线网络的协议层划分，例如PDCP层及以上协议层的功能设置在CU，PDCP以下的协议层，例如RLC层和MAC层等的功能设置在DU。这种协议层的划分仅仅是一种举例，还可以在其它协议层划分，例如在RLC层划分，将RLC层及以上协议层的功能设置在CU，RLC层以下协议层的功能设置在DU；或者，在某个协议层中划分，例如将RLC层的部分功能和RLC层以上的协议层的功能设置在CU，将RLC层的剩余功能和RLC层以下的协议层的功能设置在DU。此外，也可以按其它方式划分，例如按时延划分，将处理时间需要满足时延要求的功能设置在DU，不需要满足该时延要求的功能设置在CU。
此外，射频装置可以独立集成，不放在DU中，也可以集成在DU中，或者部分拉远部分集成在DU中，在此不作任何限制。
图6b为本申请实施例适用的又一种网络架构示意图。相对于图6a所示的网络架构，图6b中还可以将CU的控制面(CP)和用户面(UP)分离，分成不同实体来实现，分别为控制面(control plane，CP)CU实体(即CU-CP实体)和用户面(user plane，UP)CU实体(即CU-UP实体)。其中，一个DU和CU-UP都一个只连接到一个CU-CP。在同一个CU-CP控制下，一个DU可以连接到多个CU-UP，一个CU-UP可以连接到多个DU。
基于图6b，图6c为一种空口协议栈分布示意图。如图6c所示，针对用户面和控制面来说，空口协议栈都可以是RLC、MAC、PHY在DU，PDCP及以上协议层在CU。其中，RRC层用于实现空口无线资源和空口连接控制，SDAP用于进行QoS流与DRB之间的映射。
需要说明的是：(1)上述主要结合图6a和图6b对网络设备的协议层架构进行了描述，本申请实施例中，终端设备也可以包括相应的协议层架构，比如以用户面协议层架构为例，参见图6d所示，终端设备中可以包括SDAP层、PDCP层、RLC层、MAC层和PHY层。进一步地，终端设备还可以包括应用层和非接入层。其中，应用层可以用于向终端设备中所安装的应用提供服务，比如，终端设备接收到的下行数据可以由物理层依次传输到应用层，进而由应用层提供给应用程序；又比如，应用层可以获取应用程序产生的数据(比如用户使用应用程序录制的视频等)，并将数据依次传输到物理层，发送给其它通信装置。非接入层可以用于转发用户数据，比如将从应用层接收到的上行数据转发给SDAP层或者将从SDAP层接收到的下行数据转发给应用层。进一步地，应用服务器中可以设置有与终端设备的应用相对等的应用层。
(2)在图6a或图6b所示意的网络架构中，CU产生的信令可以通过DU发送给终端 设备，或者终端设备产生的信令可以通过DU发送给CU。DU可以不对该信令进行解析而直接通过协议层封装后透传给终端设备或CU。本申请实施例中如果涉及这种信令在DU和终端设备之间的传输，此时，DU对信令的发送或接收包括这种场景。例如，RRC或PDCP层的信令最终会处理为PHY层的信令发送给终端设备，或者，由接收到的PHY层的信令转变而来。在这种架构下，该RRC或PDCP层的信令，即也可以认为是由DU发送的，或者，由DU和射频装载发送的。
下面将基于上述图6a和图6b所示意的网络架构，结合实施例四和实施例五对本申请实施例提供的方法进行描述。
实施例四
在实施例四中，将对本申请实施例提供的方法适用于图6a所示意的网络架构时的实现进行描述。
图7为本申请实施例四提供的通信方法所对应的流程示意图，如图7所示，该方法包括如下步骤：
步骤701，CU获取第一QoS流的QoS参数。
此处，CU获取第一QoS流的QoS参数的方式可以有多种，比如CU可以从核心网设备获取第一QoS流的QoS参数，具体实现可以参照上述实施例一中网络设备从核心网设备获取第一QoS流的QoS参数的描述。
步骤702，CU向DU发送第一QoS流的QoS参数。
相应地，在步骤703中，DU接收第一QoS流的QoS参数。
此处，CU向DU发送第一QoS流的QoS参数的方式可以有多种，比如CU向DU发送终端设备的上下文建立请求(UE context setup request)消息，上下文建立请求消息中包括第一QoS流的QoS参数。
步骤704，DU可以根据第一QoS流的QoS参数对第一QoS流进行处理。
示例性地，DU根据第一QoS流的QoS参数对第一QoS流进行处理，可以包括：(1)DU根据第一QoS流的QoS参数为第一QoS流配置空口资源，比如根据第一QoS流的QoS参数确定第一QoS流对应的DRB的配置信息或逻辑信道的配置信息，并发送给CU，进而由CU发送给终端设备。(2)DU根据第一QoS流的QoS参数传输第一QoS流的数据包，具体实现可以参照实施例一中网络设备根据第一QoS流的QoS参数传输第一QoS流的数据包的描述。
实施例五
在实施例五中，将对本申请实施例提供的方法适用于图6b所示意的网络架构时的实现进行描述。
图8为本申请实施例五提供的一种通信方法所对应的流程示意图，如图8所示，该方法包括如下步骤：
步骤801，CU-CP实体获取第一QoS流的QoS参数。
此处，CU-CP实体获取第一QoS流的QoS参数的方式可以有多种，比如CU-CP可以从核心网设备获取第一QoS流的QoS参数，具体实现可以参照上述实施例一中网络设备从核心网设备获取第一QoS流的QoS参数的描述。
步骤802，CU-CP实体向CU-UP实体发送第一QoS流的QoS参数。
相应地，在步骤803中，CU-UP实体接收第一QoS流的QoS参数。
此处，CU-CP实体向CU-UP实体发送第一QoS流的QoS参数的方式可以有多种，比如CU-CP实体向CU-UP实体发送承载上下文建立请求(bearer context setup request)消息，承载上下文建立请求消息中包括第一QoS流的QoS参数。
步骤804，CU-UP实体可以根据第一QoS流的QoS参数对第一QoS流进行处理。
示例性地，CU-UP实体根据第一QoS流的QoS参数对第一QoS流进行处理，可以包括：(1)CU-UP实体根据第一QoS流的QoS参数为第一QoS流配置空口资源，比如根据第一QoS流的QoS参数确定第一QoS流对应的DRB的配置信息或逻辑信道的配置信息，并发送给CU-CP实体，进而由CU-CP实体发送给终端设备。(2)CU-UP实体根据第一QoS流的QoS参数传输第一QoS流的数据包，具体实现可以参照实施例一中网络设备根据第一QoS流的QoS参数传输第一QoS流的数据包的描述。
针对于上述实施例一至实施例五，需要说明的是：
(1)实施例一至实施例五所描述的各个流程图的步骤编号仅为执行流程的一种示例，并不构成对步骤执行的先后顺序的限制，本申请实施例中相互之间没有时序依赖关系的步骤之间没有严格的执行顺序。此外，各个流程图中所示意的步骤并非全部是必须执行的步骤，可以根据实际需要在各个流程图的基础上增添或者删除部分步骤。
(2)上述侧重描述了实施例一至实施例五中不同实施例之间的差异之处，除差异之处的其它内容，实施例一至实施例五之间可以相互参照。比如，实施例二至实施例五中的第一QoS流的QoS参数均可以参照实施例一的相关介绍。
上述主要从设备之间交互的角度对本申请实施例提供的方案进行了介绍。可以理解的是，为了实现上述功能，网络设备或核心网设备可以包括执行各个功能相应的硬件结构和/或软件模块。本领域技术人员应该很容易意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，本申请的实施例能够以硬件或硬件和计算机软件的结合形式来实现。某个功能究竟以硬件还是计算机软件驱动硬件的方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
本申请实施例可以根据上述方法示例对网络设备或核心网设备进行功能单元的划分，例如，可以对应各个功能划分各个功能单元，也可以将两个或两个以上的功能集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。
在采用集成的单元的情况下，图9示出了本申请实施例中所涉及的装置的可能的示例性框图。如图9所示，装置900可以包括：处理单元902和通信单元903。处理单元902用于对装置900的动作进行控制管理。通信单元903用于支持装置900与其他设备的通信。可选地，通信单元903也称为收发单元，可以包括接收单元和/或发送单元，分别用于执行接收和发送操作。装置900还可以包括存储单元901，用于存储装置900的程序代码和/或数据。
该装置900可以为上述实施例中的网络设备、或者还可以为设置在网络设备中的芯片。其中，在实施例二中，该网络设备可以为主网络设备或辅网络设备；在实施例三中，该网 络设备可以为源网络设备或目标网络设备；在实施例四中，该网络设备可以包括CU和DU；在实施例五中，该网络设备可以包括CU和DU，其中，CU可以包括CU-CP实体和CU-UP实体。处理单元902可以支持装置900执行上文中各方法示例中网络设备的动作。或者，处理单元902主要执行方法示例中的网络设备的内部动作，通信单元903可以支持装置900与其它设备之间的通信。
具体地，在一个实施例中，通信单元903用于，接收第一QoS流的QoS参数，所述QoS参数用于指示按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值以及按照第二时长进行统计的丢包上限值；以及，根据所述QoS参数传输第一QoS流的数据包。
在一种可能的设计中，第一QoS流用于承载第一业务，第一时长为第一业务的生存时间的时长。
在一种可能的设计中，第一QoS流承载的业务为按照传输周期进行传输的业务，第一时长包括N个传输周期。
在一种可能的设计中，按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值包括：按照第一时长进行统计的最大丢包率；或者，按照第一时长进行统计的最大丢包量；或者，按照第一时长进行统计的最大丢包个数；或者，按照第一时长进行统计的误包率。
在一种可能的设计中，按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值，包括：按照第一时长的每个传输周期进行统计的丢包上限值。
在一种可能的设计中，按照第一时长的每个传输周期进行统计的丢包上限值包括：按照第一时长的每个传输周期进行统计的最大丢包率；或者，按照第一时长的每个传输周期进行统计的最大丢包量；或者，按照第一时长的每个传输周期进行统计的最大丢包个数；或者，按照第一时长的每个传输周期进行统计的误包率。
在一种可能的设计中，第一QoS流承载的业务为按照传输周期进行传输的业务；该方法还包括：从核心网设备获取每个传输周期内的数据包个数或数据量。
在一种可能的设计中，所述QoS参数包括第一时长和按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值；或者，所述QoS参数包括5G服务质量标识5QI，所述5QI关联第一时长和按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值。
在一种可能的设计中，通信单元903具体用于，从核心网设备接收所述QoS参数；其中，所述QoS参数承载于PDU会话建立请求消息或PDU会话修改请求消息；或者，所述QoS参数承载于切换请求消息，该网络设备为终端设备切换的目标网络设备。
在一种可能的设计中，该网络设备为终端设备的辅网络设备，通信单元903具体用于，从终端设备的主网络设备接收所述QoS参数；所述QoS参数承载于PDU会话建立请求消息或PDU会话修改请求消息。
在一种可能的设计中，该网络设备为终端设备的目标网络设备，通信单元903具体用于，从终端设备的源网络设备接收所述QoS参数；所述QoS参数承载于切换请求消息中。
该装置900可以为上述实施例中的核心网设备、或者还可以为设置在核心网设备中的芯片。处理单元902可以支持装置900执行上文中各方法示例中核心网设备的动作。或者，处理单元902主要执行方法示例中的核心网设备的内部动作，通信单元903可以支持装置900与其它设备之间的通信。
具体地，在一个实施例中，处理单元902用于，获取第一QoS流的QoS参数，所述QoS参数用于指示按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值以及按照第二时长进行统计的丢包 上限值；通信单元903用于，向网络设备发送所述QoS参数。
在一种可能的设计中，第一QoS流用于承载第一业务，第一时长为第一业务的生存时间的时长。
在一种可能的设计中，第一QoS流承载的业务为按照传输周期进行传输的业务，第一时长包括N个传输周期。
在一种可能的设计中，按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值包括：按照第一时长进行统计的最大丢包率；或者，按照第一时长进行统计的最大丢包量；或者，按照第一时长进行统计的最大丢包个数；或者，按照第一时长进行统计的误包率。
在一种可能的设计中，按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值，包括：按照第一时长的每个传输周期进行统计的丢包上限值。
在一种可能的设计中，按照第一时长的每个传输周期进行统计的丢包上限值包括：按照第一时长的每个传输周期进行统计的最大丢包率；或者，按照第一时长的每个传输周期进行统计的最大丢包量；或者，按照第一时长的每个传输周期进行统计的最大丢包个数；或者，按照第一时长的每个传输周期进行统计的误包率。
在一种可能的设计中，第一QoS流承载的业务为按照传输周期进行传输的业务；通信单元903还用于，向所述网络设备发送每个传输周期内的数据包个数或数据量。
在一种可能的设计中，所述QoS参数包括第一时长和按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值；或者，所述QoS参数包括5QI，所述5QI关联第一时长和按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值。
在一种可能的设计中，所述QoS参数承载于PDU会话建立请求消息或PDU会话修改请求消息；或者，所述QoS参数承载于切换请求消息，所述网络设备为终端设备切换的目标网络设备。
应理解以上装置中单元的划分仅仅是一种逻辑功能的划分，实际实现时可以全部或部分集成到一个物理实体上，也可以物理上分开。且装置中的单元可以全部以软件通过处理元件调用的形式实现；也可以全部以硬件的形式实现；还可以部分单元以软件通过处理元件调用的形式实现，部分单元以硬件的形式实现。例如，各个单元可以为单独设立的处理元件，也可以集成在装置的某一个芯片中实现，此外，也可以以程序的形式存储于存储器中，由装置的某一个处理元件调用并执行该单元的功能。此外这些单元全部或部分可以集成在一起，也可以独立实现。这里所述的处理元件又可以成为处理器，可以是一种具有信号的处理能力的集成电路。在实现过程中，上述方法的各步骤或以上各个单元可以通过处理器元件中的硬件的集成逻辑电路实现或者以软件通过处理元件调用的形式实现。
在一个例子中，以上任一装置中的单元可以是被配置成实施以上方法的一个或多个集成电路，例如：一个或多个特定集成电路(application specific integrated circuit，ASIC)，或，一个或多个微处理器(digital singnal processor，DSP)，或，一个或者多个现场可编程门阵列(field programmable gate array，FPGA)，或这些集成电路形式中至少两种的组合。再如，当装置中的单元可以通过处理元件调度程序的形式实现时，该处理元件可以是处理器，比如通用中央处理器(central processing unit，CPU)，或其它可以调用程序的处理器。再如，这些单元可以集成在一起，以片上系统(system-on-a-chip，SOC)的形式实现。
以上用于接收的单元是一种该装置的接口电路，用于从其它装置接收信号。例如，当该装置以芯片的方式实现时，该接收单元是该芯片用于从其它芯片或装置接收信号的接口 电路。以上用于发送的单元是一种该装置的接口电路，用于向其它装置发送信号。例如，当该装置以芯片的方式实现时，该发送单元是该芯片用于向其它芯片或装置发送信号的接口电路。
参见图10，为本申请实施例提供的一种网络设备的结构示意图，该网络设备(或基站)可应用于如图1a、图1c所示的系统架构中，执行上述方法实施例中网络设备的功能。网络设备100可包括一个或多个DU 1001和一个或多个CU 1002。所述DU 1001可以包括至少一个天线10011，至少一个射频单元10012，至少一个处理器10013和至少一个存储器10014。所述DU 1001部分主要用于射频信号的收发以及射频信号与基带信号的转换，以及部分基带处理。CU1002可以包括至少一个处理器10022和至少一个存储器10021。CU1002和DU1001之间可以通过接口进行通信，其中，控制面(Control plan)接口可以为Fs-C，比如F1-C，用户面(User Plan)接口可以为Fs-U，比如F1-U。
所述CU 1002部分主要用于进行基带处理，对网络设备进行控制等。所述DU 1001与CU 1002可以是物理上设置在一起，也可以物理上分离设置的，即分布式基站。所述CU 1002为网络设备的控制中心，也可以称为处理单元，主要用于完成基带处理功能。例如所述CU 1002可以用于控制网络设备执行上述方法实施例中关于网络设备的操作流程。
此外，可选的，网络设备100可以包括一个或多个射频单元，一个或多个DU和一个或多个CU。其中，DU可以包括至少一个处理器10013和至少一个存储器10014，射频单元可以包括至少一个天线10011和至少一个射频单元10012，CU可以包括至少一个处理器10022和至少一个存储器10021。
在一个实例中，所述CU1002可以由一个或多个单板构成，多个单板可以共同支持单一接入指示的无线接入网(如5G网)，也可以分别支持不同接入制式的无线接入网(如LTE网，5G网或其他网)。所述存储器10021和处理器10022可以服务于一个或多个单板。也就是说，可以每个单板上单独设置存储器和处理器。也可以是多个单板共用相同的存储器和处理器。此外每个单板上还可以设置有必要的电路。所述DU1001可以由一个或多个单板构成，多个单板可以共同支持单一接入指示的无线接入网(如5G网)，也可以分别支持不同接入制式的无线接入网(如LTE网，5G网或其他网)。所述存储器10014和处理器10013可以服务于一个或多个单板。也就是说，可以每个单板上单独设置存储器和处理器。也可以是多个单板共用相同的存储器和处理器。此外每个单板上还可以设置有必要的电路。
图10所示的网络设备能够实现图2或图4或图5所示意的方法实施例中涉及网络设备的各个过程。图10所示的网络设备中的各个模块的操作和/或功能，分别为了实现上述方法实施例中的相应流程。具体可参见上述方法实施例中的描述，为避免重复，此处适当省略详述描述。
参考图11，为本申请实施例提供的一种核心网设备的结构示意图。其可以为以上实施例中的SMF网元或AMF网元，用于实现以上实施例中SMF网元或AMF网元的操作。
如图11所示，核心网设备1100可包括处理器1101、存储器1102以及收发器1103。处理器1101可用于对通信协议以及通信数据进行处理，以及对通信装置进行控制。存储器1102可用于存储程序和数据，处理器1101可基于该程序执行本申请实施例中由AMF网元或SMF网元执行的方法。收发器1103可用于核心网设备1100进行无线通信，例如，其可 以是服务化通信接口。
以上存储器1102也可以是外接于核心网设备1100的，此时核心网设备1100可包括收发器1103以及处理器1101。
以上收发器1103也可以是外接于核心网设备1100的，此时核心网设备1100可包括存储器1102以及处理器1101。当收发器1103以及存储器1102均外接于核心网设备1100时，通信装置1100可包括处理器1101。
图11所示的核心网设备能够实现图2或图4或图5所示意的方法实施例中涉及核心网设备的各个过程。图11所示的网络设备中的各个模块的操作和/或功能，分别为了实现上述方法实施例中的相应流程。具体可参见上述方法实施例中的描述，为避免重复，此处适当省略详述描述。
本申请实施例中采用了一些3GPP NR系统中已经使用的消息，但在具体实施中，可能使用不同的消息或消息名称，本申请实施例对此不做限制。
本申请实施例中的术语“系统”和“网络”可被互换使用。“至少一个”是指一个或者多个，“多个”是指两个或两个以上。“和/或”，描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A、同时存在A和B、单独存在B的情况，其中A，B可以是单数或者复数。字符“/”一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。“以下至少一项(个)”或其类似表达，是指的这些项中的任意组合，包括单项(个)或复数项(个)的任意组合。例如“A，B和C中的至少一个”包括A，B，C，AB，AC，BC或ABC。以及，除非有特别说明，本申请实施例提及“第一”、“第二”等序数词是用于对多个对象进行区分，不用于限定多个对象的顺序、时序、优先级或者重要程度。
本领域内的技术人员应明白，本申请的实施例可提供为方法、系统、或计算机程序产品。因此，本申请可采用完全硬件实施例、完全软件实施例、或结合软件和硬件方面的实施例的形式。而且，本申请可采用在一个或多个其中包含有计算机可用程序代码的计算机可用存储介质(包括但不限于磁盘存储器、CD-ROM、光学存储器等)上实施的计算机程序产品的形式。
本申请是参照根据本申请的方法、设备(系统)、和计算机程序产品的流程图和/或方框图来描述的。应理解可由计算机程序指令实现流程图和/或方框图中的每一流程和/或方框、以及流程图和/或方框图中的流程和/或方框的结合。可提供这些计算机程序指令到通用计算机、专用计算机、嵌入式处理机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器以产生一个机器，使得通过计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器执行的指令产生用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的装置。
这些计算机程序指令也可存储在能引导计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备以特定方式工作的计算机可读存储器中，使得存储在该计算机可读存储器中的指令产生包括指令装置的制造品，该指令装置实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能。
这些计算机程序指令也可装载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上，使得在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生计算机实现的处理，从而在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行的指令提供用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的步骤。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本申请进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本申请的精神和范围。这样，倘若本申请的这些修改和变型属于本申请权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本申请也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (26)

  1. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，所述方法适用于第一网络设备，所述方法包括：
    接收第一服务质量QoS流的QoS参数，所述QoS参数用于指示按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值以及按照第二时长进行统计的丢包上限值；
    根据所述QoS参数传输所述第一QoS流的数据包。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一QoS流用于承载第一业务，所述第一时长为所述第一业务的生存时间的时长。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一QoS流承载的业务为按照传输周期进行传输的业务，所述第一时长包括N个传输周期。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值包括：按照第一时长进行统计的最大丢包率；或者，按照第一时长进行统计的最大丢包量；或者，按照第一时长进行统计的最大丢包个数；或者，按照第一时长进行统计的误包率。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值，包括：按照第一时长的每个传输周期进行统计的丢包上限值。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述按照第一时长的每个传输周期进行统计的丢包上限值包括：按照第一时长的每个传输周期进行统计的最大丢包率；或者，按照第一时长的每个传输周期进行统计的最大丢包量；或者，按照第一时长的每个传输周期进行统计的最大丢包个数；或者，按照第一时长的每个传输周期进行统计的误包率。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一QoS流承载的业务为按照传输周期进行传输的业务；
    所述方法还包括：从核心网设备获取每个传输周期内的数据包个数或数据量。
  8. 根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述QoS参数包括所述第一时长和按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值；或者，
    所述QoS参数包括5G服务质量标识5QI，所述5QI关联所述第一时长和按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值。
  9. 根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，接收所述QoS参数，包括：
    从核心网设备接收所述QoS参数；
    其中，所述QoS参数承载于协议数据单元PDU会话建立请求消息或PDU会话修改请求消息；或者，
    所述QoS参数承载于切换请求消息，所述第一网络设备为终端设备切换的目标网络设备。
  10. 根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，接收所述QoS参数，包括：
    从第二网络设备接收所述QoS参数；
    其中，所述第二网络设备为终端设备的主网络设备，所述第一网络设备为所述终端设备的辅网络设备，所述QoS参数承载于PDU会话建立请求消息或PDU会话修改请求消息；或者，所述第二网络设备为所述终端设备的源网络设备，所述第一网络设备为所述终端设备的目标网络设备，所述QoS参数承载于切换请求消息中。
  11. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，所述方法适用于核心网设备，所述方法包括：
    获取第一QoS流的QoS参数，所述QoS参数用于指示按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值以及按照第二时长进行统计的丢包上限值；
    向网络设备发送所述QoS参数。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一QoS流用于承载第一业务，所述第一时长为所述第一业务的生存时间的时长。
  13. 根据权利要求11或12所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一QoS流承载的业务为按照传输周期进行传输的业务，所述第一时长包括N个传输周期。
  14. 根据权利要求11至13中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值包括：按照第一时长进行统计的最大丢包率；或者，按照第一时长进行统计的最大丢包量；或者，按照第一时长进行统计的最大丢包个数；或者，按照第一时长进行统计的误包率。
  15. 根据权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值，包括：按照第一时长的每个传输周期进行统计的丢包上限值。
  16. 根据权利要15所述的方法，其特征在于，所述按照第一时长的每个传输周期进行统计的丢包上限值包括：按照第一时长的每个传输周期进行统计的最大丢包率；或者，按照第一时长的每个传输周期进行统计的最大丢包量；或者，按照第一时长的每个传输周期进行统计的最大丢包个数；或者，按照第一时长的每个传输周期进行统计的误包率。
  17. 根据权利要求11至16中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一QoS流承载的业务为按照传输周期进行传输的业务；
    所述方法还包括：向所述网络设备发送每个传输周期内的数据包个数或数据量。
  18. 根据权利要求11至17中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述QoS参数包括所述第一时长和按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值；或者，
    所述QoS参数包括5G服务质量标识5QI，所述5QI关联所述第一时长和按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值。
  19. 根据权利要求11至18中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述QoS参数承载于PDU会话建立请求消息或PDU会话修改请求消息；或者，
    所述QoS参数承载于切换请求消息，所述网络设备为终端设备切换的目标网络设备。
  20. 一种通信系统，其特征在于，所述通信系统包括：第一网络设备和核心网设备；
    所述核心网设备用于，获取第一QoS流的QoS参数，所述QoS参数用于指示按照第一时长进行统计的丢包上限值以及按照第二时长进行统计的丢包上限值；以及，向所述第一网络设备发送所述QoS参数；
    所述第一网络设备用于，从所述核心网设备接收所述QoS参数，并根据所述QoS参数传输所述第一QoS流的数据包。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的通信系统，其特征在于，所述通信系统还包括第二网络设备；
    所述第一网络设备还用于，向所述第二网络设备发送所述QoS参数；
    所述第二网络设备用于，从所述第一网络设备接收所述QoS参数，并根据所述QoS参数传输第二QoS流的数据包；
    其中，所述第一网络设备为终端设备的主网络设备，所述第二网络设备为所述终端设 备的辅网络设备，所述第一QoS流和所述第二QoS流为同一QoS流；或者，
    所述第一网络设备为所述终端设备的源网络设备，所述第二网络设备为所述终端设备的目标网络设备。
  22. 根据权利要求20所述的通信系统，其特征在于，所述通信系统还包括第二网络设备；
    所述核心网设备还用于，向所述第二网络设备发送所述QoS参数；
    所述第二网络设备用于，从所述核心网设备接收所述QoS参数，并根据所述QoS参数传输第二QoS流的数据包；
    其中，所述第一网络设备为所述终端设备的源网络设备，所述第二网络设备为所述终端设备的目标网络设备。
  23. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括用于执行如权利要求1至19中任一项所述的方法的各步骤的单元。
  24. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括至少一个处理器和接口电路，其中，所述至少一个处理器用于通过所述接口电路与其它装置通信，并执行如权利要求1至19中任一项所述的方法。
  25. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，包括程序，当所述程序被处理器运行时，如权利要求1至19中任一项所述的方法被执行。
  26. 一种计算机程序产品，其特征在于，当计算机读取并执行所述计算机程序产品时，使得计算机执行如权利要求1至19中任一项所述的方法。
PCT/CN2021/083539 2020-03-30 2021-03-29 一种通信方法及装置 WO2021197251A1 (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010236541.XA CN113473541A (zh) 2020-03-30 2020-03-30 一种通信方法及装置
CN202010236541.X 2020-03-30

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2021197251A1 true WO2021197251A1 (zh) 2021-10-07

Family

ID=77864872

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2021/083539 WO2021197251A1 (zh) 2020-03-30 2021-03-29 一种通信方法及装置

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CN (1) CN113473541A (zh)
WO (1) WO2021197251A1 (zh)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113923139A (zh) * 2021-12-15 2022-01-11 北京城市轨道交通咨询有限公司 一种评估列控数据通信系统可靠性的方法及装置
CN114640574A (zh) * 2022-02-28 2022-06-17 天翼安全科技有限公司 一种主备设备的切换方法及装置
WO2023241452A1 (zh) * 2022-06-13 2023-12-21 维沃移动通信有限公司 数据处理方法、装置及通信设备
WO2024012205A1 (zh) * 2022-07-15 2024-01-18 华为技术有限公司 一种通信方法、装置及系统

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114158071B (zh) * 2021-11-26 2023-05-30 中国联合网络通信集团有限公司 专网中数据传输的方法和装置
CN116866986A (zh) * 2022-03-26 2023-10-10 华为技术有限公司 通信方法及装置
WO2024055334A1 (zh) * 2022-09-16 2024-03-21 北京小米移动软件有限公司 丢包处理方法、装置、通信设备及存储介质

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1897547A (zh) * 2005-07-14 2007-01-17 华为技术有限公司 通信网络中Qos检测的方法
US20190020594A1 (en) * 2015-09-04 2019-01-17 Citrix Systems, Inc. System for early system resource constraint detection and recovery
CN110519795A (zh) * 2018-05-21 2019-11-29 华为技术有限公司 一种确定背景流量传输策略的方法及装置

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1897547A (zh) * 2005-07-14 2007-01-17 华为技术有限公司 通信网络中Qos检测的方法
US20190020594A1 (en) * 2015-09-04 2019-01-17 Citrix Systems, Inc. System for early system resource constraint detection and recovery
CN110519795A (zh) * 2018-05-21 2019-11-29 华为技术有限公司 一种确定背景流量传输策略的方法及装置

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
3GPP ORGANIZATION PARTNERS: ""3GPP TS 23.501 V16.0.0 (2019-03) 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; System Architecture for the 5G System; Stage 2 (Release 16)"", 3GPP TS 23.501 V16.0.0, 28 March 2019 (2019-03-28), pages 1 - 318, XP051722957 *

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113923139A (zh) * 2021-12-15 2022-01-11 北京城市轨道交通咨询有限公司 一种评估列控数据通信系统可靠性的方法及装置
CN114640574A (zh) * 2022-02-28 2022-06-17 天翼安全科技有限公司 一种主备设备的切换方法及装置
CN114640574B (zh) * 2022-02-28 2023-11-28 天翼安全科技有限公司 一种主备设备的切换方法及装置
WO2023241452A1 (zh) * 2022-06-13 2023-12-21 维沃移动通信有限公司 数据处理方法、装置及通信设备
WO2024012205A1 (zh) * 2022-07-15 2024-01-18 华为技术有限公司 一种通信方法、装置及系统

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN113473541A (zh) 2021-10-01

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2021197251A1 (zh) 一种通信方法及装置
US20200221538A1 (en) Data transmission method, terminal device, and network device
TWI413431B (zh) 進行功率餘量回報的方法及通訊裝置
WO2021219098A1 (zh) 一种通信方法及装置
CN107979847B (zh) 数据传输的方法、装置、用户设备和基站
WO2020221296A1 (zh) 数据传输的方法和装置
EP2950572A1 (en) Method, apparatus and system for realizing security detection in heterogeneous network
US11824783B2 (en) Maximum data burst volume (MDBV) determining method, apparatus, and system
CN104685959B (zh) 具有统一接口的无源无线电链路控制实体
WO2022161148A1 (zh) 一种服务质量的控制方法和装置
US8073450B2 (en) Method and apparatus for de-activating hybrid automatic repeat request process in a wireless communications system
US20240015580A1 (en) Communication control method
US20230354334A1 (en) Communication method and apparatus
WO2021056589A1 (zh) 一种数据传输方法及装置
WO2023160116A1 (zh) 通信方法和装置
WO2021227798A1 (zh) 一种通信方法及装置
WO2021179325A1 (zh) 一种数据处理的方法及装置
WO2021254238A1 (zh) 一种通信方法及装置
WO2023185769A1 (zh) 通信方法、通信装置和通信系统
WO2021238668A1 (zh) 一种通信方法及装置
WO2023221755A1 (zh) Bsr触发和上报方法、资源分配方法及装置
WO2023000305A1 (zh) Qos调整方法、装置、设备及介质
WO2022151107A1 (zh) 信号的发送和接收方法、装置和通信系统
WO2024032211A1 (zh) 一种拥塞控制方法以及装置
WO2023185608A1 (zh) 一种数据传输的方法及通信装置

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 21781335

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 21781335

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1