WO2021217446A1 - 光学系统、摄像模组、电子设备及汽车 - Google Patents

光学系统、摄像模组、电子设备及汽车 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2021217446A1
WO2021217446A1 PCT/CN2020/087575 CN2020087575W WO2021217446A1 WO 2021217446 A1 WO2021217446 A1 WO 2021217446A1 CN 2020087575 W CN2020087575 W CN 2020087575W WO 2021217446 A1 WO2021217446 A1 WO 2021217446A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
lens
optical system
image side
object side
refractive power
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/087575
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
蔡雄宇
兰宾利
周芮
Original Assignee
天津欧菲光电有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 天津欧菲光电有限公司 filed Critical 天津欧菲光电有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2020/087575 priority Critical patent/WO2021217446A1/zh
Publication of WO2021217446A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021217446A1/zh

Links

Images

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
    • G02B13/18—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below with lenses having one or more non-spherical faces, e.g. for reducing geometrical aberration

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of photography and imaging, in particular to an optical system, a camera module, an electronic device and an automobile.
  • ADAS Advanced Driver Assistant System
  • driving recorders driving recorders
  • reversing image displays which not only require devices to be miniaturized and light-weight.
  • Quantitative characteristics while the requirements for imaging performance are getting higher and higher, and due to the diverse and extreme changes in the external environment of the car, the market attaches great importance to the stability of the imaging performance of the camera device when used in high and low temperature environments.
  • the camera lens generally has a relatively clear imaging quality in a normal temperature environment, but when it is in a high temperature or low temperature environment, even if the lens itself is not sensitive to temperature, the imaging surface will drift due to temperature changes, resulting in imaging Vague. Since the position of the photosensitive surface of the photosensitive element relative to the camera lens changes with temperature, the best imaging surface of the lens cannot form a good match with the photosensitive surface, that is, the object information cannot be well imaged on the photosensitive surface, so the general camera module is The image quality in high and low temperature environments is poor, which leads to poor car camera images, which in turn affects car driving safety.
  • an optical system is provided.
  • An optical system from the object side to the image side, includes:
  • the first lens with negative refractive power
  • the third lens with positive refractive power
  • a fourth lens with positive refractive power, the object side and image side of the fourth lens are both convex;
  • a fifth lens with positive refractive power the object side of the fifth lens is concave, and the image side is convex;
  • a sixth lens with negative refractive power the object side of the sixth lens is concave, and the image side is convex;
  • At least one lens in the optical system satisfies the following relationship:
  • (dn/dt) i is the temperature coefficient of refractive index of the i-th lens
  • the unit of ( dn/dt) i is (10 -6 /K)
  • nd i is the d-ray refractive index of the i-th lens
  • ⁇ i is The coefficient of thermal expansion of the i-th lens, the unit of ⁇ i is 10 -6 /K).
  • a camera module includes a photosensitive element and the optical system according to any one of the above, and the photosensitive element is arranged on the image side of the optical system.
  • An electronic device includes a housing and the above-mentioned camera module, and the camera module is arranged on the housing.
  • An automobile includes a mounting part and the above-mentioned electronic equipment, and the electronic equipment is arranged in the mounting part.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the optical system provided by the first embodiment of the application.
  • Figure 2 includes astigmatism diagrams and distortion diagrams of the optical system of the first embodiment at corresponding wavelengths
  • Fig. 3 is a defocus curve diagram of the optical system in the first embodiment at the central field of view at -40°C;
  • Fig. 4 is a defocus curve diagram of the optical system in the first embodiment at the central field of view at 20°C;
  • Fig. 5 is a defocus curve diagram of the optical system in the first embodiment at the central field of view at 85°C;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical system provided by a second embodiment of this application.
  • Fig. 7 includes astigmatism diagrams and distortion diagrams of the optical system of the second embodiment at corresponding wavelengths
  • Fig. 8 is a defocus curve diagram of the optical system in the second embodiment at the central field of view at -40°C;
  • Fig. 9 is a defocus curve diagram of the optical system in the second embodiment at the central field of view at 20°C;
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical system provided by a third embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 12 includes astigmatism diagrams and distortion diagrams of the optical system of the third embodiment at corresponding wavelengths
  • Fig. 13 is a defocus curve diagram of the optical system in the third embodiment at the central field of view at -40°C;
  • Fig. 14 is a defocus curve diagram of the optical system in the third embodiment at the central field of view at 20°C;
  • 15 is a graph showing the defocus curve of the optical system in the third embodiment at the central field of view at 85°C;
  • 16 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical system provided by a fourth embodiment of this application.
  • Fig. 17 includes astigmatism diagrams and distortion diagrams of the optical system of the fourth embodiment at corresponding wavelengths;
  • 19 is a graph showing the defocus curve of the optical system in the fourth embodiment at the central field of view at 20°C;
  • Fig. 20 is a defocus curve diagram of the optical system in the fourth embodiment at the central field of view at 85°C;
  • 21 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical system provided by a fifth embodiment of this application.
  • Fig. 22 includes astigmatism diagrams and distortion diagrams of the optical system of the fifth embodiment at corresponding wavelengths;
  • Fig. 23 is a defocus curve diagram of the optical system in the fifth embodiment at the central field of view at -40°C;
  • Fig. 24 is a defocus curve diagram of the optical system in the fifth embodiment at the central field of view at 20°C;
  • Fig. 25 is a defocus curve diagram of the optical system in the fifth embodiment at the central field of view at 85°C;
  • FIG. 26 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical system provided by a sixth embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 27 includes astigmatism diagrams and distortion diagrams of the optical system of the sixth embodiment at corresponding wavelengths
  • Fig. 28 is a defocus curve diagram of the optical system in the sixth embodiment at the central field of view at -40°C;
  • Fig. 29 is a defocus curve diagram of the optical system in the sixth embodiment at the central field of view at 20°C;
  • Fig. 30 is a defocus curve diagram of the optical system in the sixth embodiment at the central field of view at 85°C;
  • FIG. 31 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical system provided by a seventh embodiment of this application.
  • Fig. 32 includes astigmatism diagrams and distortion diagrams of the optical system of the seventh embodiment at corresponding wavelengths;
  • Fig. 33 is a defocus curve diagram of the optical system in the seventh embodiment at the central field of view at -40°C;
  • Fig. 34 is a graph showing the defocus curve of the optical system in the seventh embodiment at the central field of view at 20°C;
  • 35 is a defocus curve diagram of the optical system in the seventh embodiment at the central field of view at 85°C;
  • FIG. 36 is a schematic diagram of a camera module provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 37 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 38 is a schematic diagram of a car provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • the present application provides an optical system 10, the optical system 10 includes a first lens L1 with negative refractive power, a second lens L2 with negative refractive power, a second lens with positive refractive power, from the object side to the image side.
  • the third lens L3, the fourth lens L4 with positive refractive power, the fifth lens L5 with positive refractive power, and the sixth lens L6 with negative refractive power, that is, the optical system 10 has a six-element structure.
  • the lenses of the optical system 10 can be installed in the lens barrel, and the lenses are arranged coaxially, that is, the optical axes of the lenses are on the same straight line.
  • the straight line may also be referred to as the optical axis of the optical system 10.
  • each optical element in the optical system 10 is arranged in a lens barrel to form a lens, and in the assembly process of subsequent products, the lens will be assembled with the photosensitive element to form a camera module.
  • the first lens L1 includes an object side surface S1 and an image side surface S2
  • the second lens L2 includes an object side surface S3 and an image side surface S4
  • the third lens L3 includes an object side surface S5 and an image side surface S6
  • the fourth lens L4 includes an object side surface S7 and an image side surface.
  • S8 the fifth lens L5 includes an object side surface S9 and an image side surface S10
  • the sixth lens L6 includes an object side surface S11 and an image side surface S12.
  • the object side S1 of the first lens L1 is a flat surface; the object side S7 and the image side S8 of the fourth lens L4 are both convex surfaces; the object side S9 of the fifth lens L5 is concave, and the image side S10 is Convex surface; the object side surface S11 of the sixth lens L6 is a concave surface, and the image side surface S12 is a convex surface.
  • the tolerance eccentricity sensitivity of the first lens L1 can be reduced, the assembly yield can be improved, and the production cost can be reduced.
  • the object side surface S1 of the first lens L1 may also be a convex surface or a concave surface.
  • the optical system 10 also has an imaging surface, the imaging surface is located on the image side of the sixth lens L6, and the incident light beam can be imaged on the imaging surface after being adjusted by the lenses of the optical system 10.
  • the focal point of the optical system 10 is on the imaging surface, and in a fixed-focus system, the photosensitive surface of the photosensitive element usually overlaps the imaging surface.
  • At least one lens in the optical system 10 satisfies the relationship: (dn/dt) i /(nd i -1)- ⁇ i ⁇ 0; where (dn/dt) i is the refractive index temperature coefficient of the i-th lens, ( dn / dt) i is the unit (10 -6 / K), nd i d is the refractive index of the i-th lens, ⁇ i is the thermal expansion coefficient of the i-th lens, ⁇ i is the unit (10 -6 / K). Above, i may be at least one of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6.
  • (dn/dt) 1 represents the refractive index temperature coefficient of the first lens L1
  • nd 1 represents the d-ray refractive index of the first lens L1
  • ⁇ 1 represents the thermal expansion coefficient of the first lens L1
  • (dn/dt) 2 represents the refractive index temperature coefficient of the second lens L2
  • nd 2 represents the d-light refractive index of the second lens L2
  • ⁇ 2 represents the thermal expansion coefficient of the second lens L2.
  • the wavelength of d light in this application is 587.56 nm.
  • (dn/dt) i /(nd i -1)- ⁇ i may be -27, -26.5, -26, -25, -20, -15, -10, -8 , -7, -6, -5, -4, -3, -2.5, -2 or -1.5, the unit of value is (10 -6 /K).
  • the temperature coefficient of refractive index reflects the degree of change in the refractive index of the material due to temperature changes.
  • the thermal expansion coefficient determines the thermal deformation characteristics of the material due to temperature changes.
  • the refractive index and shape of the lens will change when the ambient temperature changes, resulting in The position of the optimal imaging surface of the system moves.
  • the optical system 10 also satisfies at least one of the following relationships, and any one of the relationships can bring the described effects to the optical system 10:
  • At least one lens in the optical system 10 satisfies the relationship: (dn/dt) i +(nd i -1)* ⁇ i ⁇ 10.
  • (dn/dt) i + (nd i -1)* ⁇ i may be -1.25, -1.2, -1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 5.5, 6, 6.5, 7 or 7.5, the unit of value is (10 -6 /K).
  • a lens with uneven thickness may easily change the surface shape due to temperature changes, which affects the imaging resolution of the optical system 10.
  • V i * f / f i may be -12.5, -12, -11.5, -10, -8, -5, -3, -1,0.5,2,3,4, 4.5, 5 or 5.5, the unit of value is (10 -6 /K).
  • the change of temperature will cause the change of the refractive index of the lens.
  • the temperature coefficient of the refractive index is positive, when the temperature rises, the refractive index of the lens will become larger and the focal length of the lens will become shorter; In this case, when the temperature rises, the refractive index of the lens will become smaller and the focal length of the lens will become longer.
  • the direction in which the focal point of the optical system 10 moves is also related to the refractive power configuration of each lens. Therefore, when at least one lens in the optical system 10 satisfies the above relationship, the movement direction and offset of the imaging surface of the system can be adjusted under temperature changes, which is beneficial to the optical system 10 in the temperature change environment, the best imaging surface position is not An over-sensitive offset will be generated due to temperature changes, which will help reduce the temperature sensitivity of the system, that is, reduce the defocus change caused by temperature changes, so that the system can still maintain a wide temperature range Good imaging quality.
  • ⁇ (V i *f/f i ) may be -19, -18.5, -18, -17.5, -17, -15, -10, -9.5, -6, -5 , -4 or -3, the unit of value is (10 -6 /K).
  • the change of temperature will cause the change of the refractive index of the lens.
  • the temperature coefficient of the refractive index is positive, when the temperature rises, the refractive index of the lens will become larger and the focal length of the lens will become shorter; In this case, when the temperature rises, the refractive index of the lens will become smaller and the focal length of the lens will become longer.
  • the direction in which the focal point of the optical system 10 moves is also related to the refractive power configuration of each lens.
  • the moving direction and offset of the imaging surface of the system can be adjusted under temperature changes, which is beneficial to the optical system 10 in an environment where the temperature changes.
  • the excessively sensitive offset is generated due to temperature changes, which is beneficial to reduce the temperature sensitivity of the system, that is, to reduce the defocus change caused by temperature changes, so that the system can still maintain good performance in a wide temperature range.
  • the imaging quality is beneficial to reduce the temperature sensitivity of the system, that is, to reduce the defocus change caused by temperature changes, so that the system can still maintain good performance in a wide temperature range.
  • the optical system 10 satisfies the relationship: ⁇ (V i *f/f i ) ⁇ -8.
  • ⁇ (V i *f/f i ) can be -19, -18.5, -18, -17.5, -17, -15, -11, -10, or -9.5, and the numerical unit It is (10 -6 /K).
  • the material of the base connected between the lens and the photosensitive element is usually plastic or metal. Therefore, the base may move away from the lens due to high temperature thermal expansion, or the photosensitive surface may move closer to the lens due to low temperature shrinkage.
  • the optimal imaging surface position of the optical system in a high temperature environment can move toward the image side, and the optimal imaging surface position in a low temperature environment can move toward the object side, thereby compensating for the photosensitive element's sensitivity.
  • the deviation of the surface in the corresponding temperature environment enables the optical system to maintain good imaging quality in a wide temperature range, that is, to reduce the defocus change caused by temperature changes, so that the system has a certain focal length
  • the amount of change is used to compensate the positional deviation of the photosensitive surface due to changes in the temperature environment, and to avoid overcorrection of the optical system.
  • the optical system 10 includes a stop STO, which is disposed between the third lens L3 and the fourth lens L4, and the optical system 10 satisfies the following relationship: -7 ⁇ f123/f ⁇ -4; Among them, ⁇ f123 is the sum of the effective focal lengths of the first lens L1, the second lens L2 and the third lens L3, and f is the effective focal length of the optical system 10. Specifically, in some embodiments, ⁇ f123/f may be -6.4, -6.3, -6.2, -6, -5.9, or -5.8.
  • the front end of the optical system 10 (the front end lens group composed of the first lens L1, the second lens L2, and the third lens L3) will have sufficient positive refractive power to fully reduce the light beam carrying the subject information.
  • the front end lens group composed of the first lens L1, the second lens L2, and the third lens L3 will have sufficient positive refractive power to fully reduce the light beam carrying the subject information.
  • Shrinking the entrance aperture STO facilitates the optical system 10 to have high-pixel imaging characteristics.
  • the optical system 10 satisfies the relationship: 0.9 ⁇ R2/D12 ⁇ 1.3; where R2 is the radius of curvature of the image side surface of the first lens L1 at the optical axis, and D12 is the image side surface S2 to S2 of the first lens L1. The distance between the object side surface S3 of the second lens L2 and the optical axis.
  • R2/D12 may be 1.1, 1.12, 1.13, 1.14, 1.15, or 1.16.
  • the image side surface S10 of the fifth lens L5 is cemented with the object side surface S11 of the sixth lens L6.
  • the above design is beneficial to optimize aberrations, reduce the eccentric sensitivity of the optical system 10, and improve the resolution of the optical system 10. At the same time, it is also beneficial to reduce the difficulty of system assembly, increase the yield rate, and reduce the cost.
  • the optical system 10 in some embodiments satisfies the relationship: -10 ⁇ f5*f6/f ⁇ -5; where f5 is the effective focal length of the fifth lens L5, f6 is the effective focal length of the sixth lens L6, and f is For the effective focal length of the optical system 10, the units of f5, f6, and f are all mm.
  • f5*f6/f may be -9.5, -9.4, -9, -8.5, -8, -7.8, or -7.6, and the numerical unit is mm.
  • the numerical unit is mm.
  • the optical system 10 satisfies the following relationship: -33 ⁇ f56/(CT5-CT6) ⁇ -12; where f56 is the combined focal length of the fifth lens L5 and the sixth lens L6, and CT5 is the fifth lens L5
  • CT6 is the thickness of the sixth lens L6 on the optical axis.
  • f56/(CT5-CT6) may be -29, -28, -25, -23, -20, -18, -17, or -16.
  • the optical system 10 satisfies the following relationship: 4.0 ⁇ tan[(1/2)FOV]*TTL/Imgh ⁇ 4.5; where TTL is the total optical length of the optical system 10, and FOV is the diagonal of the optical system 10
  • TTL is the total optical length of the optical system 10
  • FOV is the diagonal of the optical system 10
  • Imgh is the image height corresponding to the maximum viewing angle of the optical system 10 in the diagonal direction
  • the unit of FOV is °
  • the units of TTL and Imgh are both mm.
  • tan[(1/2)FOV]*TTL/Imgh may be 4.2, 4.25, 4.3, 4.35, or 4.38.
  • the object side surface and/or the image side surface of at least one lens in the optical system 10 are aspherical.
  • the aspheric design is conducive to optimizing aberrations, improving the imaging quality of the optical system 10, and also conducive to the miniaturization design of the optical system 10, so that the optical system 10 can maintain the miniaturization design while having excellent optical effects.
  • the object side surface and/or the image side surface of at least one lens in the optical system 10 is a spherical surface, and the configuration of the spherical surface can simplify the processing technology of the lens, thereby effectively reducing the manufacturing cost of the lens.
  • the object side surface S7 and the image side surface S8 of the fourth lens L4 in the optical system 10 are both aspherical surfaces, and the object side surface and the image side surface S8 of the other lenses are both spherical surfaces.
  • the calculation of the aspheric surface can refer to the aspheric formula:
  • Z is the distance from the corresponding point on the aspheric surface to the plane tangent to the apex of the surface
  • r is the distance from the corresponding point on the aspheric surface to the optical axis
  • c is the curvature of the apex of the aspheric surface
  • k is the conic coefficient
  • Ai is the aspheric surface The coefficient corresponding to the higher order term of the i-th term in the face formula.
  • the material of each lens in the optical system 10 is glass, and the glass lens can withstand extreme temperatures and has excellent optical effects, so that the imaging performance of the optical system 10 will not change due to temperature. And it was too much affected.
  • the first lens L1 can also be designed as a glass lens, and each lens on the image side can be designed as a plastic lens. At this time, the glass lens (first lens L1) located on the object side is exposed to more extreme environments (such as exposure to the sun or extreme cold) has a good tolerance effect, is not easy to be affected by the environmental temperature and causes aging, deformation and other problems that cause the image quality to decline, and it can better balance the optical performance and cost of the system.
  • the first lens L1 and the second lens L2, or the first lens L1 to the third lens L3 can also be designed as glass lenses, so as to reduce the sensitivity of the front lens group of the system to changes in ambient temperature.
  • the optical system 10 sequentially includes a first lens L1 with negative refractive power, a second lens L2 with negative refractive power, and a third lens with positive refractive power, from the object side to the image side.
  • FIG. 2 includes an astigmatism diagram and a distortion diagram of the optical system 10 of the first embodiment at corresponding wavelengths.
  • the reference wavelength corresponding to each curve in the astigmatism diagram has been given in the diagram, and the reference wavelength of the distortion diagram is 480 nm.
  • the ordinate of the astigmatism map and the distortion map is half of the maximum field of view of the system (ie 58.36°), the abscissa of the astigmatism map is the focus offset (mm), and the abscissa of the distortion map is distortion (%) .
  • Fig. 3 is a graph showing the defocus curve of the optical system 10 in the central field of view at -40°C in the first embodiment.
  • 4 is a graph showing the defocus curve of the optical system 10 in the central field of view at 20°C in the first embodiment.
  • Fig. 5 is a graph showing the defocus curve of the optical system 10 in the central field of view at 85°C in the first embodiment.
  • the object side surface S1 of the first lens L1 is a flat surface, and the image side surface S2 is a concave surface.
  • the object side surface S3 of the second lens L2 is a concave surface, and the image side surface S4 is a convex surface.
  • the object side surface S5 of the third lens L3 is a convex surface
  • the image side surface S6 is a convex surface
  • the object side surface S7 of the fourth lens L4 is convex, and the image side surface S8 is convex.
  • the object side surface S9 of the fifth lens L5 is a concave surface, and the image side surface S10 is a convex surface.
  • the object side surface S11 of the sixth lens L6 is a concave surface, and the image side surface S12 is a convex surface.
  • the object side surface S1 of the first lens L1 is a flat surface
  • the image side surface S2 is a spherical surface.
  • the object and image side surfaces of the second lens L2, the third lens L3, the fifth lens L5, and the sixth lens L6 are spherical surfaces.
  • the fourth lens L4 Both the object side surface S7 and the image side surface S8 are aspherical. Since the object side surface S1 of the first lens L1 is flat, the tolerance eccentricity sensitivity of the first lens L1 can be reduced, the assembly yield can be improved, and the production cost can be reduced.
  • the above-mentioned surface design is beneficial to optimize the system aberration and improve the imaging quality of the optical system 10.
  • the image side surface S10 of the fifth lens L5 is cemented with the object side surface S11 of the sixth lens L6.
  • the above-mentioned gluing design is beneficial to optimize system aberrations, reduce the eccentric sensitivity of the optical system 10, and improve the resolution of the optical system 10. At the same time, it is also beneficial to reduce the difficulty of system assembly, increase the yield rate and reduce the cost.
  • the material of each lens in the optical system 10 is glass.
  • the optical system 10 satisfies the following relationships:
  • the stability of the imaging quality of the optical system 10 when the temperature changes is improved, and the amount of defocus change caused by the temperature change is reduced, thereby To achieve the purpose of improving image quality.
  • the stability of the lens shape to temperature will be improved, and the temperature sensitivity of the optical system 10 will be reduced, that is, the defocus change and the aberration change caused by the temperature change will be reduced.
  • the moving direction and offset of the imaging surface of the system can be adjusted under temperature changes, which is beneficial to the optical system 10 in an environment of temperature changes, and the optimal imaging surface position will not be too sensitive due to temperature changes.
  • the offset is helpful to reduce the temperature sensitivity of the system, that is, reduce the defocus change caused by temperature changes, so that the system can still maintain good imaging quality in a wide temperature range.
  • the optimal imaging surface position of the optical system 10 in a high temperature environment can move toward the image side, and the optimal imaging surface position in a low temperature environment can move toward the object side to compensate the photosensitive surface of the photosensitive element at the corresponding temperature
  • the deviation in the environment enables the optical system 10 to maintain good imaging quality in a wide temperature range, that is, to reduce the defocus change caused by the temperature change, so that the system has a certain amount of focal length change for use Compensate the positional deviation of the photosensitive surface caused by changes in the temperature environment, and avoid the over-correction phenomenon of the optical system 10.
  • the front end of the optical system 10 (the front end lens group composed of the first lens L1, the second lens L2, and the third lens L3) will have sufficient positive refractive power to fully reduce the light beam carrying the subject information.
  • the front end lens group composed of the first lens L1, the second lens L2, and the third lens L3 will have sufficient positive refractive power to fully reduce the light beam carrying the subject information.
  • Shrinking the entrance aperture is beneficial for the optical system 10 to have high-pixel imaging characteristics.
  • the optical system 10 will help the optical system 10 to collect light beams incident at a large angle, so that the optical imaging lens has the characteristics of wide viewing angle, low sensitivity, and miniaturization.
  • the optical system 10 can bring excellent imaging quality, and when the ambient temperature changes (for example, from normal temperature to high or low temperature), the optimal imaging surface position of the optical system 10 can respond when the temperature changes Move to compensate for the positional deviation of the photosensitive surface on the photosensitive element, so that the image quality of the final assembled module has excellent stability under high temperature, low temperature and other environments.
  • the ambient temperature changes for example, from normal temperature to high or low temperature
  • the optimal imaging surface position of the optical system 10 can respond when the temperature changes Move to compensate for the positional deviation of the photosensitive surface on the photosensitive element, so that the image quality of the final assembled module has excellent stability under high temperature, low temperature and other environments.
  • the lens parameters of the optical system 10 are given in Tables 1 and 2.
  • Table 2 shows the aspheric coefficients of the corresponding lenses in the first embodiment
  • K in Table 2 is the conic coefficient
  • Ai is the aspheric surface type formula
  • the elements from the object surface to the image surface (imaging surface) are arranged in the order of the elements in Table 1 from top to bottom.
  • the surface numbers 1 and 2 respectively indicate the object side surface S1 and the image side surface S2 of the first lens L1, that is, the same In the lens, the surface with the smaller surface number is the object side, and the surface with the larger surface number is the image side.
  • the Y radius in Table 1 is the curvature radius of the object side or image side of the corresponding surface number at the paraxial (or understood as the optical axis).
  • the first value in the "thickness" parameter column of the lens is the thickness of the lens on the optical axis, and the second value is the distance from the image side of the lens to the object side of the latter lens on the optical axis.
  • the "thickness" parameter value corresponding to the surface number 6 is the distance from the image side surface S6 of the third lens L3 to the center of the diaphragm STO on the optical axis.
  • the value of the diaphragm STO in the "thickness" parameter column is the diaphragm STO
  • the optical axis of each lens and the center of the stop STO are on the same straight line, and this straight line serves as the optical axis of the optical system 10.
  • the reference wavelength of the refractive index, the Abbe number, and the focal length in the following embodiments are all 587.56 nm, and the calculation of the relational expression and the lens structure of each embodiment are based on the calculation of the lens parameter data in the table.
  • the maximum value of arc missing field curvature is 0.0311 mm
  • the maximum value of meridian field curvature is 0.0189 mm
  • the maximum distortion is 43.66%. It can be seen that the astigmatism and distortion in the first embodiment are small, so that the system has good imaging quality.
  • the position of the optimal imaging surface of the system at -40°C will shift to the object side, which can compensate for the shrinkage and deformation of the base. Resulting in the offset of the imaging surface relative to the photosensitive surface toward the image side; the position of the best imaging surface of the system at 85°C will shift toward the image side, which can compensate for the imaging surface facing the photosensitive surface due to the expansion and deformation of the base. The offset of the object.
  • the optical system 10 can compensate for the offset between the imaging surface and the photosensitive surface, so as to improve the stability of the imaging quality of the optical system 10 when the temperature changes (for example, to a high temperature or a low temperature), and reduce temperature The amount of defocus change caused by the change, so as to achieve the purpose of improving the image quality.
  • the optical system 10 includes a first lens L1 with negative refractive power, a second lens L2 with negative refractive power, and a third lens with positive refractive power, in order from the object side to the image side.
  • FIG. 7 includes an astigmatism diagram and a distortion diagram of the optical system 10 of the second embodiment at corresponding wavelengths.
  • the reference wavelength corresponding to each curve in the astigmatism diagram has been given in the diagram, and the reference wavelength of the distortion diagram is 480 nm.
  • the ordinate of the astigmatism map and the distortion map is half of the maximum field of view of the system (ie 58.35°), the abscissa of the astigmatism map is the focus offset (mm), and the abscissa of the distortion map is distortion (%) .
  • Fig. 8 is a graph showing the defocus curve of the optical system 10 in the central field of view at -40°C in the second embodiment.
  • Fig. 9 is a graph showing the defocus curve of the optical system 10 in the central field of view at 20°C in the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 10 is a graph showing the defocus curve of the optical system 10 in the central field of view at 85° C. in the second embodiment.
  • the object side surface S1 of the first lens L1 is a flat surface, and the image side surface S2 is a concave surface.
  • the object side surface S3 of the second lens L2 is a concave surface, and the image side surface S4 is a convex surface.
  • the object side surface S5 of the third lens L3 is a convex surface
  • the image side surface S6 is a convex surface
  • the object side surface S7 of the fourth lens L4 is convex, and the image side surface S8 is convex.
  • the object side surface S9 of the fifth lens L5 is a concave surface, and the image side surface S10 is a convex surface.
  • the object side surface S11 of the sixth lens L6 is a concave surface, and the image side surface S12 is a convex surface.
  • lens parameters of the optical system 10 are given in Table 3 and Table 4, and the definition of each parameter can be obtained from the first embodiment, and will not be repeated here.
  • the optical system 10 satisfies the following relationship:
  • the maximum value of arc missing field curvature is 0.0307 mm
  • the maximum value of meridian field curvature is 0.0289 mm
  • the maximum distortion is 43.64%. It can be seen that the astigmatism and distortion in the second embodiment are small, so that the system has good imaging quality.
  • the position of the optimal imaging surface of the system at -40°C will shift to the object side, which can compensate for the shrinkage and deformation of the base. Resulting in the offset of the imaging surface relative to the photosensitive surface toward the image side; the position of the best imaging surface of the system at 85°C will shift toward the image side, which can compensate for the imaging surface facing the photosensitive surface due to the expansion and deformation of the base. The offset of the object.
  • the optical system 10 can compensate for the offset between the imaging surface and the photosensitive surface, so as to improve the stability of the imaging quality of the optical system 10 when the temperature changes (for example, to a high temperature or a low temperature), and reduce temperature The amount of defocus change caused by the change, so as to achieve the purpose of improving the image quality.
  • the optical system 10 includes a first lens L1 with a negative refractive power, a second lens L2 with a negative refractive power, and a third lens with a positive refractive power, in order from the object side to the image side.
  • FIG. 12 includes an astigmatism diagram and a distortion diagram of the optical system 10 of the third embodiment at corresponding wavelengths.
  • the reference wavelength corresponding to each curve in the astigmatism diagram has been given in the diagram, and the reference wavelength of the distortion diagram is 480 nm.
  • the ordinate of the astigmatism map and the distortion map is half of the maximum field of view of the system (ie 58.35°), the abscissa of the astigmatism map is the focus offset (mm), and the abscissa of the distortion map is distortion (%) .
  • FIG. 13 is a graph showing the defocus curve of the optical system 10 in the central field of view at -40°C in the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 14 is a graph showing the defocus curve of the optical system 10 in the central field of view at 20° C. in the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 15 is a graph showing the defocus curve of the optical system 10 in the center field of view at 85° C. in the third embodiment.
  • the object side surface S1 of the first lens L1 is a flat surface, and the image side surface S2 is a concave surface.
  • the object side surface S3 of the second lens L2 is a concave surface, and the image side surface S4 is a convex surface.
  • the object side surface S5 of the third lens L3 is a convex surface
  • the image side surface S6 is a convex surface
  • the object side surface S7 of the fourth lens L4 is convex, and the image side surface S8 is convex.
  • the object side surface S9 of the fifth lens L5 is a concave surface, and the image side surface S10 is a convex surface.
  • the object side surface S11 of the sixth lens L6 is a concave surface, and the image side surface S12 is a convex surface.
  • lens parameters of the optical system 10 are given in Table 5 and Table 6, and the definition of each parameter can be derived from the first embodiment, and will not be repeated here.
  • the optical system 10 satisfies the following relationship:
  • the maximum value of the arc missing field curvature is 0.0287 mm
  • the maximum value of the meridian field curvature is 0.0294 mm
  • the maximum distortion is 43.61%. It can be seen that the astigmatism and distortion in the third embodiment are small, so that the system has good imaging quality.
  • the position of the optimal imaging surface of the system at -40°C will shift to the object side, which can compensate for the shrinkage and deformation of the base. Resulting in the offset of the imaging surface relative to the photosensitive surface toward the image side; the position of the best imaging surface of the system at 85°C will shift toward the image side, which can compensate for the imaging surface facing the photosensitive surface due to the expansion and deformation of the base. The offset of the object.
  • the optical system 10 can compensate for the offset between the imaging surface and the photosensitive surface, so as to improve the stability of the imaging quality of the optical system 10 when the temperature changes (for example, to a high temperature or a low temperature), and reduce temperature The amount of defocus change caused by the change, so as to achieve the purpose of improving the image quality.
  • the optical system 10 includes a first lens L1 with a negative refractive power, a second lens L2 with a negative refractive power, and a third lens with a positive refractive power, in order from the object side to the image side.
  • FIG. 17 includes astigmatism diagrams and distortion diagrams of the optical system 10 of the fourth embodiment at corresponding wavelengths.
  • the reference wavelengths corresponding to the curves in the astigmatism diagrams have been given in the diagrams, and the reference wavelength of the distortion diagrams is 480 nm.
  • the ordinate of the astigmatism map and the distortion map is half of the maximum field of view of the system (ie 58.36°), the abscissa of the astigmatism map is the focus offset (mm), and the abscissa of the distortion map is distortion (%) .
  • Fig. 18 is a graph showing the defocus curve of the optical system 10 in the central field of view at -40°C in the fourth embodiment.
  • Fig. 19 is a graph showing the defocus curve of the optical system 10 in the central field of view at 20°C in the fourth embodiment.
  • FIG. 20 is a graph showing the defocus curve of the optical system 10 in the central field of view at 85° C. in the fourth embodiment.
  • the object side surface S1 of the first lens L1 is a flat surface, and the image side surface S2 is a concave surface.
  • the object side surface S3 of the second lens L2 is a concave surface, and the image side surface S4 is a convex surface.
  • the object side surface S5 of the third lens L3 is a convex surface
  • the image side surface S6 is a convex surface
  • the object side surface S7 of the fourth lens L4 is convex, and the image side surface S8 is convex.
  • the object side surface S9 of the fifth lens L5 is a concave surface, and the image side surface S10 is a convex surface.
  • the object side surface S11 of the sixth lens L6 is a concave surface, and the image side surface S12 is a convex surface.
  • lens parameters of the optical system 10 are given in Table 7 and Table 8, and the definition of each parameter can be obtained from the first embodiment, and will not be repeated here.
  • the optical system 10 satisfies the following relationship:
  • the maximum value of arc missing field curvature is 0.0327mm
  • the maximum value of meridian field curvature is 0.0253mm
  • the maximum distortion is 43.62%. It can be seen that the astigmatism and distortion in the fourth embodiment are small, so that the system has good imaging quality.
  • the position of the optimal imaging surface of the system at -40°C will shift to the object side, which can compensate for the shrinkage and deformation of the base. Resulting in the offset of the imaging surface relative to the photosensitive surface toward the image side; the position of the best imaging surface of the system at 85°C will shift toward the image side, which can compensate for the imaging surface facing the photosensitive surface due to the expansion and deformation of the base. The offset of the object.
  • the optical system 10 can compensate for the offset between the imaging surface and the photosensitive surface, so as to improve the stability of the imaging quality of the optical system 10 when the temperature changes (for example, to a high temperature or a low temperature), and reduce temperature The amount of defocus change caused by the change, so as to achieve the purpose of improving the image quality.
  • the optical system 10 includes a first lens L1 with a negative refractive power, a second lens L2 with a negative refractive power, and a third lens with a positive refractive power, in order from the object side to the image side.
  • Fig. 22 includes astigmatism diagrams and distortion diagrams of the optical system 10 of the fifth embodiment at corresponding wavelengths.
  • the reference wavelength corresponding to each curve in the astigmatism diagram has been given in the diagram, and the reference wavelength of the distortion diagram is 480 nm.
  • the ordinate of the astigmatism map and the distortion map is half of the maximum field of view of the system (ie 58.35°), the abscissa of the astigmatism map is the focus offset (mm), and the abscissa of the distortion map is distortion (%) .
  • Fig. 23 is a graph showing the defocus curve of the optical system 10 in the central field of view at -40°C in the fifth embodiment.
  • Fig. 24 is a graph showing the defocus curve of the optical system 10 in the central field of view at 20°C in the fifth embodiment.
  • Fig. 25 is a graph showing the defocus curve of the optical system 10 in the central field of view at 85°C in the fifth embodiment.
  • the object side surface S1 of the first lens L1 is a flat surface, and the image side surface S2 is a concave surface.
  • the object side surface S3 of the second lens L2 is a concave surface, and the image side surface S4 is a convex surface.
  • the object side surface S5 of the third lens L3 is a convex surface
  • the image side surface S6 is a convex surface
  • the object side surface S7 of the fourth lens L4 is convex, and the image side surface S8 is convex.
  • the object side surface S9 of the fifth lens L5 is a concave surface, and the image side surface S10 is a convex surface.
  • the object side surface S11 of the sixth lens L6 is a concave surface, and the image side surface S12 is a convex surface.
  • lens parameters of the optical system 10 are given in Table 9 and Table 10, and the definition of each parameter can be obtained from the first embodiment, and will not be repeated here.
  • the optical system 10 satisfies the following relationship:
  • the maximum value of arc missing field curvature is 0.0328 mm
  • the maximum value of meridian field curvature is 0.0311 mm
  • the maximum distortion is 43.60%. It can be seen that the astigmatism and distortion in the fifth embodiment are small, so that the system has good imaging quality.
  • the optical system 10 includes a first lens L1 with negative refractive power, a second lens L2 with negative refractive power, and a third lens with positive refractive power, in order from the object side to the image side.
  • FIG. 27 includes astigmatism diagrams and distortion diagrams of the optical system 10 of the sixth embodiment at corresponding wavelengths.
  • the reference wavelengths corresponding to the curves in the astigmatism diagrams have been given in the diagrams, and the reference wavelength of the distortion diagrams is 480 nm.
  • the ordinate of the astigmatism map and the distortion map is half of the maximum field of view of the system (ie 58.36°), the abscissa of the astigmatism map is the focus offset (mm), and the abscissa of the distortion map is distortion (%) .
  • Fig. 28 is a graph showing the defocus curve of the optical system 10 at the central field of view at -40°C in the sixth embodiment.
  • Fig. 29 is a graph showing the defocus curve of the optical system 10 at the central field of view at 20°C in the sixth embodiment.
  • Fig. 30 is a graph showing the defocus curve of the optical system 10 in the central field of view at 85°C in the sixth embodiment.
  • the object side surface S1 of the first lens L1 is a flat surface, and the image side surface S2 is a concave surface.
  • the object side surface S3 of the second lens L2 is a concave surface, and the image side surface S4 is a convex surface.
  • the object side surface S5 of the third lens L3 is a convex surface
  • the image side surface S6 is a convex surface
  • the object side surface S7 of the fourth lens L4 is convex, and the image side surface S8 is convex.
  • the object side surface S9 of the fifth lens L5 is a concave surface, and the image side surface S10 is a convex surface.
  • the object side surface S11 of the sixth lens L6 is a concave surface, and the image side surface S12 is a convex surface.
  • lens parameters of the optical system 10 are given in Table 11 and Table 12, and the definition of each parameter can be derived from the first embodiment, and will not be repeated here.
  • the optical system 10 satisfies the following relationship:
  • the maximum value of arc missing field curvature is 0.0333mm
  • the maximum value of meridian field curvature is 0.0297mm
  • the maximum distortion is 43.63%. It can be seen that the astigmatism and distortion in the sixth embodiment are small, so that the system has good imaging quality.
  • the optical system 10 includes a first lens L1 with a negative refractive power, a second lens L2 with a negative refractive power, and a third lens with a positive refractive power in order from the object side to the image side.
  • FIG. 32 includes astigmatism diagrams and distortion diagrams at corresponding wavelengths of the optical system 10 of the seventh embodiment.
  • the reference wavelengths corresponding to the curves in the astigmatism diagrams have been given in the diagrams, and the reference wavelength of the distortion diagrams is 480 nm.
  • the ordinate of the astigmatism map and the distortion map is half of the maximum field of view of the system (ie 59.50°), the abscissa of the astigmatism map is the focus offset (mm), and the abscissa of the distortion map is the distortion (%) .
  • Fig. 33 is a graph showing the defocus curve of the optical system 10 at the central field of view at -40°C in the seventh embodiment.
  • Fig. 34 is a graph showing the defocus curve of the optical system 10 in the central field of view at 20°C in the seventh embodiment.
  • Fig. 35 is a graph showing the defocus curve of the optical system 10 in the central field of view at 85°C in the seventh embodiment
  • the object side surface S1 of the first lens L1 is a flat surface, and the image side surface S2 is a concave surface.
  • the object side surface S3 of the second lens L2 is a concave surface, and the image side surface S4 is a convex surface.
  • the object side surface S5 of the third lens L3 is a convex surface
  • the image side surface S6 is a convex surface
  • the object side surface S7 of the fourth lens L4 is convex, and the image side surface S8 is convex.
  • the object side surface S9 of the fifth lens L5 is a concave surface, and the image side surface S10 is a convex surface.
  • the object side surface S11 of the sixth lens L6 is a concave surface, and the image side surface S12 is a convex surface.
  • lens parameters of the optical system 10 are given in Table 13 and Table 14, and the definition of each parameter can be derived from the first embodiment, and will not be repeated here.
  • the optical system 10 satisfies the following relationship:
  • the maximum value of arc missing field curvature is 0.0312 mm
  • the maximum value of meridian field curvature is 0.0274 mm
  • the maximum distortion is 45.09%. It can be seen that the astigmatism and distortion in the seventh embodiment are small, so that the system has good imaging quality.
  • the temperature coefficient of refractive index (dn/dt) i and the coefficient of thermal expansion ⁇ i of each lens in the lens parameters of the first embodiment to the seventh embodiment above can be seen in the following table, where the unit of ( dn/dt) i is (10 -6 /K), the unit of ⁇ i is (10 -6 /K), and (dn/dt) i is abbreviated as dn/dt below.
  • the deviation direction of the best imaging surface can be observed more clearly when the temperature changes.
  • a characteristic of the optical system 10 in the embodiment of the present application can be obtained from the defocus curve diagram in each embodiment, that is, the position of the optimal imaging surface moves in the positive direction when the temperature is positive, so that non-optical mechanical components can be compensated.
  • the optimal imaging position of the optical system 10 can be kept as consistent as possible with the position of the photosensitive surface, avoiding the problem of defocusing of the system in a high or low temperature environment, and keeping the system in a temperature changing environment Can also be clearly imaged.
  • the optical system 10 and the photosensitive element 210 are assembled to form the camera module 20, and the photosensitive element 210 is disposed on the image side of the optical system 10.
  • an infrared cut filter is provided between the optical system 10 and the photosensitive element 210.
  • the photosensitive element 210 may be a CCD (Charge Coupled Device) or a CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor, complementary metal oxide semiconductor).
  • CCD Charge Coupled Device
  • CMOS Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor, complementary metal oxide semiconductor
  • the camera module 20 includes a filter 110 arranged between the sixth lens L6 and the photosensitive element 210, and the filter 110 is used to filter infrared light.
  • the filter 110 can be mounted to the image end of the lens.
  • the camera module 20 further includes a protective glass 120 disposed between the filter 110 and the photosensitive element 210, and the protective glass 120 is used to protect the photosensitive element 210.
  • the camera module 20 still has a stable imaging quality under high temperature, low temperature and other environments.
  • the electronic device 30 includes a housing 310, and the camera module 20 is mounted on the housing 310.
  • the housing 310 may be a circuit board, a middle frame, a protective case, and other components.
  • the electronic device 30 can be, but is not limited to, a smart phone, a smart watch, an e-book reader, a car camera, a monitoring device, a medical device (such as an endoscope), a tablet computer, a biometric device (such as a fingerprint recognition device or a pupil recognition device) Etc.), PDA (Personal Digital Assistant), drone, etc.
  • the electronic device 30 is a smart phone.
  • the smart phone includes a middle frame and a circuit board.
  • the circuit board is disposed in the middle frame.
  • the camera module 20 is installed in the middle frame of the smart phone, and the photosensitive element 210 therein is Electrically connected with the circuit board.
  • the electronic device 30 is a vehicle-mounted camera device (refer to FIG. 37 for the specific structure), and the camera module 20 is disposed in the housing 310 of the vehicle-mounted camera device.
  • the housing 310 is rotatably connected with the mounting plate. It is fixed on the body of the car.
  • the electronic device 30 When the electronic device 30 is an in-vehicle camera device, the electronic device 30 can be used as a front-view camera device, a rear-view camera device, or a side-view camera device of the automobile 40.
  • the automobile 40 includes a mounting portion 410, and the housing 310 of the electronic device 30 is mounted on the mounting portion 410.
  • the mounting portion 410 may be a part of the vehicle body, such as an air intake grille, a side mirror, a rear view mirror, and a rear end. Box cover, car roof, center console.
  • the electronic device 30 When the electronic device 30 is provided with a rotatable mounting plate, the electronic device 30 is mounted on the mounting portion 410 of the automobile 40 through the mounting plate.
  • the electronic device 30 can be installed on the front side of the vehicle body (such as the air intake grille), the left front headlight, the right front headlight, the left rearview mirror, the right rearview mirror, the tail box cover, the roof and other positions.
  • a display device can also be installed in the car 40, and the electronic device 30 is in communication with the display device, so that the image obtained by the electronic device 30 on the mounting part 410 can be displayed on the display device in real time, so that the driver can obtain the mounting part.
  • a wider range of environmental information around the 410 makes it more convenient and safe for drivers to drive and park.
  • the image information obtained by the electronic devices 30 can be synthesized and can be presented on the display device in the form of a top view.
  • the car 40 includes at least four electronic devices 30, which are respectively installed on the front side (such as the air intake grille) and the left side (such as the left rearview mirror) of the car body, The right side (such as the right rearview mirror) and the rear side (such as the tail box cover) to construct the car surround view system.
  • the car surround view system includes four (or more) electronic devices 30 installed on the front, rear, left, and right of the mounting part 410. Multiple electronic devices 30 can simultaneously collect the scene around the car 40, and then the image information collected by the electronic device 30 is processed by the image.
  • the unit performs steps such as distortion restoration, viewing angle conversion, image stitching, image enhancement, etc., and finally forms a seamless 360° panoramic top view of the car 40 and displays it on the display device.
  • steps such as distortion restoration, viewing angle conversion, image stitching, image enhancement, etc.
  • a seamless 360° panoramic top view of the car 40 and displays it on the display device.
  • a scale line corresponding to the displayed image can also be configured on the display device to facilitate the driver to accurately determine the position and distance of the obstacle.
  • first and second are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined with “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, “plurality” means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.
  • the terms “installed”, “connected”, “connected”, “fixed” and other terms should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. , Or integrated; it can be mechanically connected or electrically connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, it can be the internal connection of two components or the interaction relationship between two components, unless otherwise specified The limit.
  • installed can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. , Or integrated; it can be mechanically connected or electrically connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, it can be the internal connection of two components or the interaction relationship between two components, unless otherwise specified The limit.
  • the specific meanings of the above-mentioned terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.
  • the first feature “on” or “under” the second feature may be in direct contact with the first and second features, or the first and second features may be indirectly through an intermediary. touch.
  • the "above”, “above” and “above” of the first feature on the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or it simply means that the level of the first feature is higher than the second feature.
  • the “below”, “below” and “below” of the second feature of the first feature may be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or it simply means that the level of the first feature is smaller than the second feature.

Abstract

一种光学系统(10)，包括：具有负屈折力的第一透镜(L1)；具有负屈折力的第二透镜(L2)；具有正屈折力的第三透镜(L3)；具有正屈折力的第四透镜(L4)，第四透镜(L4)的物侧面(S7)和像侧面(S8)均为凸面；具有正屈折力的第五透镜(L5)，第五透镜(L5)的物侧面(S9)为凹面，像侧面(S10)为凸面；具有负屈折力的第六透镜(L6)，第六透镜(L6)的物侧面(S11)为凹面，像侧面(S12)为凸面；光学系统(10)中的至少一个透镜满足关系：(dn/dt) i/(nd i-1)-α i＜0。

Description

光学系统、摄像模组、电子设备及汽车 技术领域
本发明涉及摄影成像技术领域，特别是涉及一种光学系统、摄像模组、电子设备及汽车。
背景技术
随着车载行业的发展，市场对ADAS(Advanced Driver Assistant System，高级驾驶辅助系统)、行车记录仪、倒车影像显示器等车载用摄像装置的技术要求越来越高，不仅要求装置具有小型化及轻量化特性，同时对成像性能的要求也越来越高，而由于汽车的外部环境的变化多样且极端，因此市场对摄像装置在高温及低温环境下使用时成像性能的稳定性格外重视。
目前，摄像镜头普遍在常温环境下具有较为清晰的成像品质，但当处于高温或低温环境下时，即使镜头本身对温度不敏感也会出现成像面因温度变化而发生漂移的现象，从而导致成像模糊。由于感光元件的感光表面相对摄像镜头的位置随温度变化而变化，镜头的最佳成像面无法与感光表面形成良好匹配，即物方信息无法良好地成像于感光表面，因此一般的摄像模组在高温和低温环境下的成像品质不佳，从而导致车载摄像画面不良，进而影响汽车行驶安全。
发明内容
根据本申请的各种实施例，提供一种光学系统。
一种光学系统，由物侧至像侧依次包括：
具有负屈折力的第一透镜；
具有负屈折力的第二透镜；
具有正屈折力的第三透镜；
具有正屈折力的第四透镜，所述第四透镜的物侧面和像侧面均为凸面；
具有正屈折力的第五透镜，所述第五透镜的物侧面为凹面，像侧面为凸面；
具有负屈折力的第六透镜，所述第六透镜的物侧面为凹面，像侧面为凸面；
所述光学系统中的至少一个透镜满足以下关系：
(dn/dt) i/(nd i-1)-α i＜0；
其中，(dn/dt) i为第i透镜的折射率温度系数，(dn/dt) i的单位为(10 -6/K)，nd i为第i透镜的d光折射率，α i为第i透镜的热膨胀系数，α i单位为10 -6/K)。
一种摄像模组，包括感光元件及权上述任意一项所述的光学系统，所述感光元件设置于所述光学系统的像侧。
一种电子设备，包括壳体及上述的摄像模组，所述摄像模组设置于所述壳体。
一种汽车，包括安装部及上述的电子设备，所述电子设备设置于所述安装部。
本发明的一个或多个实施例的细节在下面的附图和描述中提出。本发明的其它特征、目的和优点将从说明书、附图以及权利要求书变得明显。
附图说明
为了更好地描述和说明这里公开的那些发明的实施例和/或示例，可以参考一幅或多幅附图。用于描述附图的附加细节或示例不应当被认为是对所公开的发明、目前描述的实施例和/或示例以及目前理解的这些发明的最佳模式中的任何一者的范围的限制。
图1为本申请第一实施例提供的光学系统的结构示意图；
图2包括第一实施例的光学系统于相应波长下的像散图和畸变图；
图3为第一实施例中光学系统于-40℃下中心视场处的离焦曲线图；
图4为第一实施例中光学系统于20℃下中心视场处的离焦曲线图；
图5为第一实施例中光学系统于85℃下中心视场处的离焦曲线图；
图6为本申请第二实施例提供的光学系统的结构示意图；
图7包括第二实施例的光学系统于相应波长下的像散图和畸变图；
图8为第二实施例中光学系统于-40℃下中心视场处的离焦曲线图；
图9为第二实施例中光学系统于20℃下中心视场处的离焦曲线图；
图10为第二实施例中光学系统于85℃下中心视场处的离焦曲线图；
图11为本申请第三实施例提供的光学系统的结构示意图；
图12包括第三实施例的光学系统于相应波长下的像散图和畸变图；
图13为第三实施例中光学系统于-40℃下中心视场处的离焦曲线图；
图14为第三实施例中光学系统于20℃下中心视场处的离焦曲线图；
图15为第三实施例中光学系统于85℃下中心视场处的离焦曲线图；
图16为本申请第四实施例提供的光学系统的结构示意图；
图17包括第四实施例的光学系统于相应波长下的像散图和畸变图；
图18为第四实施例中光学系统于-40℃下中心视场处的离焦曲线图；
图19为第四实施例中光学系统于20℃下中心视场处的离焦曲线图；
图20为第四实施例中光学系统于85℃下中心视场处的离焦曲线图；
图21为本申请第五实施例提供的光学系统的结构示意图；
图22包括第五实施例的光学系统于相应波长下的像散图和畸变图；
图23为第五实施例中光学系统于-40℃下中心视场处的离焦曲线图；
图24为第五实施例中光学系统于20℃下中心视场处的离焦曲线图；
图25为第五实施例中光学系统于85℃下中心视场处的离焦曲线图；
图26为本申请第六实施例提供的光学系统的结构示意图；
图27包括第六实施例的光学系统于相应波长下的像散图和畸变图；
图28为第六实施例中光学系统于-40℃下中心视场处的离焦曲线图；
图29为第六实施例中光学系统于20℃下中心视场处的离焦曲线图；
图30为第六实施例中光学系统于85℃下中心视场处的离焦曲线图；
图31为本申请第七实施例提供的光学系统的结构示意图；
图32包括第七实施例的光学系统于相应波长下的像散图和畸变图；
图33为第七实施例中光学系统于-40℃下中心视场处的离焦曲线图；
图34为第七实施例中光学系统于20℃下中心视场处的离焦曲线图；
图35为第七实施例中光学系统于85℃下中心视场处的离焦曲线图；
图36为本申请一实施例提供的摄像模组的示意图；
图37为本申请一实施例提供的电子设备的示意图；
图38为本申请一实施例提供的汽车的示意图。
具体实施方式
为了便于理解本发明，下面将参照相关附图对本发明进行更全面的描述。附图中给出了本发明的较佳实施方式。但是，本发明可以以许多不同的形式来实现，并不限于本文所描述的实施方式。相反地，提供这些实施方式的目的是使对本发明的公开内容理解的更加透彻全面。
需要说明的是，当元件被称为“固定于”另一个元件，它可以直接在另一个元件上或者也可以存在居中的元件。当一个元件被认为是“连接”另一个元件，它可以是直接连接到另一个元件或者可能同时存在居中元件。本文所使用的术语“内”、“外”、“左”、“右”以及类似的表述只是为了说明的目的，并不表示是唯一的实施方式。
参考图1，本申请提供了一种光学系统10，光学系统10由物侧至像侧依次包括具有负屈折力的第一透镜L1、具有负屈折力的第二透镜L2、具有正屈折力的第三透镜L3、具有正屈折力的第四透镜L4、具有正屈折力的第五透镜L5以及具有负屈折力的第六透镜L6，即光学系统10拥有六片式结构。光学系统10的各透镜可安装于镜筒内，且各透镜同轴设置，即各透镜的光轴处于同一直线，该直线也可称为光学系统10的光轴。一般地，光学系统10中的各光学元件设置于镜筒中以构成镜头，且在后续产品的装配过程中，镜头将与感光元件装配以形成摄像模组。
第一透镜L1包括物侧面S1和像侧面S2，第二透镜L2包括物侧面S3和像侧面S4，第三透镜L3 包括物侧面S5和像侧面S6，第四透镜L4包括物侧面S7和像侧面S8，第五透镜L5包括物侧面S9和像侧面S10，第六透镜L6包括物侧面S11和像侧面S12。在本申请的实施例中，第一透镜L1的物侧面S1为平面；第四透镜L4的物侧面S7和像侧面S8均为凸面；第五透镜L5的物侧面S9为凹面，像侧面S10为凸面；第六透镜L6的物侧面S11为凹面，像侧面S12为凸面。特别地，当第一透镜L1的物侧面S1为平面时，可降低第一透镜L1的公差偏心敏感度，提升组装良率，进而降低生产成本。但是一些实施例中的第一透镜L1的物侧面S1也可以为凸面或凹面。
另外，光学系统10还有一成像面，成像面位于第六透镜L6的像侧，入射光束在经过光学系统10的各透镜调节后能够成像于成像面上。一般地，光学系统10的焦点位于成像面上，且在定焦系统中，感光元件的感光表面通常与该成像面重叠。
此外，光学系统10中的至少一个透镜满足关系：(dn/dt) i/(nd i-1)-α i＜0；其中(dn/dt) i为第i透镜的折射率温度系数，(dn/dt) i的单位为(10 -6/K)，nd i为第i透镜的d光折射率，α i为第i透镜的热膨胀系数，α i单位为(10 -6/K)。以上，i可以为1、2、3、4、5、6中的至少一个。当i＝1时，(dn/dt) 1代表第一透镜L1的折射率温度系数，nd 1代表第一透镜L1的d光折射率，α 1代表第一透镜L1的热膨胀系数；当i＝2时，(dn/dt) 2代表第二透镜L2的折射率温度系数，nd 2代表第二透镜L2的d光折射率，α 2代表第二透镜L2的热膨胀系数。当i＝1、3时，代表第一透镜L1和第三透镜L3均满足(dn/dt) i/(nd i-1)-α i＜0的关系。其他情况以此类推。另外本申请中的d光波长为587.56nm。具体地，在一些实施例中，(dn/dt) i/(nd i-1)-α i可以为-27、-26.5、-26、-25、-20、-15、-10、-8、-7、-6、-5、-4、-3、-2.5、-2或-1.5，数值单位为(10 -6/K)。
具体地，在一些实施例中，光学系统10满足以下至少一个关系：(dn/dt) 1/(nd 1-1)-α 1＝-1.2；-27.95≤(dn/dt) 2/(nd 2-1)-α 2≤-5.14；-8.07≤(dn/dt) 3/(nd 3-1)-α 3≤-1.2；-17.37≤(dn/dt) 4/(nd 4-1)-α 4≤-5.28；(dn/dt) 5/(nd 5-1)-α 5＝-12.99；及-7.84≤(dn/dt) 6/(nd 6-1)-α 6≤-5.93。
折射率温度系数反映了材料因温度变化而发生的折射率改变的程度，热膨胀系数决定了材料因温度变化导致的热变形特性，透镜的折射率和形状在环境温度变化时将发生改变，进而导致系统的最佳成像面的位置发生移动。通过满足上述屈折力配置及材质条件，将有利于提升光学系统10在温度变化(例如变化至高温或低温)时的成像质量的稳定性，减小因温度变化而引起的离焦变化量，从而实现改善成像质量的目的。以上由温度所引起的离焦变化量，即为光学系统10在高温或低温环境下，系统的焦点位置与感光表面之间的偏移量。
另外，在一些实施例中，光学系统10还满足以下至少一条关系，且任意一条关系均能为光学系统10带来其所描述的效果：
在一些实施例中，光学系统10中的至少一个透镜满足关系：(dn/dt) i+(nd i-1)*α i＜10。具体地，在一些实施例中，(dn/dt) i+(nd i-1)*α i可以为-1.25、-1.2、-1、2、3、4、5、5.5、6、6.5、7或7.5，数值单位为(10 -6/K)。厚度不均匀的透镜由于温度的变化容易导致表面形状发生变化，从而影响光学系统10的成像解析度。通过采用满足上述关系的透镜，将有利于提升透镜形状对温度的稳定性，并降低光学系统10的温度敏感度，即减小因温度变化引起的离焦变化量以及像差变化量。
具体地，在一些实施例中，光学系统10满足以下至少一个关系：(dn/dt) 1+(nd 1-1)*α 1＝7.73；-1.27≤(dn/dt) 2+(nd 2-1)*α 2≤5.72；5.9≤(dn/dt) 3+(nd 3-1)*α 3≤7.73；2≤(dn/dt) 4+(nd 4-1)*α 4≤5.56；(dn/dt) 5+(nd 5-1)*α 5＝3.51；5.60≤(dn/dt) 6+(nd 6-1)*α 6≤6.04。
光学系统10中的至少一个透镜满足关系：V i*f/f i＜0；其中，V i＝(dn/dt) i/(nd i-1)-α i，f为光学系统10的有效焦距，f i为第i透镜的焦距，f和f i的单位均为mm。以上，i可以为1、2、3、4、5、6中的至少一个。当i＝1时，V 1＝(dn/dt) 1/(nd 1-1)-α 1，当i为其他数值时以此类推。具体地，在一些实施例中，V i*f/f i可以为-12.5、-12、-11.5、-10、-8、-5、-3、-1、0.5、2、3、4、4.5、5或5.5，数值单位为(10 -6/K)。温度的变化会引起透镜折射率的变化，在折射率温度系数为正的情况下，当温度升高时，透镜的折射率将变大，透镜焦距会变短；在折射率温度系数为负的情况下，当温度升高时，透镜的折射率将变小，透镜焦距会变长，同时光学系统10的焦点移动的方向还与各透镜屈折力配置有关。因此当光学系统10中至少有一个透镜满足上述关系时，可调整系统成像面在温度变化下的移动方向以及偏移量，有利于光学系统10在温度变化的环境下，最佳成像面位置不会因温度的变化而 产生过于敏感的偏移量，从而有利于降低系统的温度敏感度，即减小因温度变化引起的离焦变化量，使系统在一个较宽的温度范围内依然能够保持良好的成像品质。
具体地，在一些实施例中，光学系统10满足以下至少一个关系：(dn/dt) 1+(nd 1-1)*α 1＝7.73；-1.27≤(dn/dt) 2+(nd 2-1)*α 2≤5.72；5.9≤(dn/dt) 3+(nd 3-1)*α 3≤7.73；2≤(dn/dt) 4+(nd 4-1)*α 4≤5.56；(dn/dt) 5+(nd 5-1)*α 5＝3.51；5.60≤(dn/dt) 6+(nd 6-1)*α 6≤6.04。
在一些实施例中，光学系统10满足关系：Σ(V i*f/f i)＜0；其中，V i＝(dn/dt) i/(nd i-1)-α i，f为光学系统10的有效焦距，f i为第i透镜的焦距，Σ(V i*f/f i)为光学系统10中所有透镜的V i*f/f i值的求和，即对i＝1、2、3、4、5、6时的V i*f/f i值之和，f和f i的单位均为mm。具体地，在一些实施例中，Σ(V i*f/f i)可以为-19、-18.5、-18、-17.5、-17、-15、-10、-9.5、-6、-5、-4或-3，数值单位为(10 -6/K)。温度的变化会引起透镜折射率的变化，在折射率温度系数为正的情况下，当温度升高时，透镜的折射率将变大，透镜焦距会变短；在折射率温度系数为负的情况下，当温度升高时，透镜的折射率将变小，透镜焦距会变长，同时光学系统10的焦点移动的方向还与各透镜的屈折力配置有关。当光学系统10中至少有一个透镜满足上述关系时，可调整系统成像面在温度变化下的移动方向以及偏移量，有利于光学系统10在温度变化的环境下，最佳成像面位置不会因温度的变化而产生过于敏感的偏移量，从而有利于降低系统的温度敏感度，即减小因温度变化引起的离焦变化量，使系统在一个较宽的温度范围内依然能够保持良好的成像品质。
在一些实施例中，光学系统10满足关系：Σ(V i*f/f i)＜-8。具体地，在一些实施例中，Σ(V i*f/f i)可以为-19、-18.5、-18、-17.5、-17、-15、-11、-10或-9.5，数值单位为(10 -6/K)。连接于镜头与感光元件之间的基座的材料通常为塑料或金属材料，因此该基座会由于高温热膨胀而导致感光表面远离镜头的方向移动，或由于低温收缩而导致感光表面靠近镜头移动。而当满足上述关系时，所述光学系统在高温环境下的最佳成像面位置能够朝像方移动，而在低温环境下的最佳成像面位置朝物方移动，以此补偿感光元件的感光表面在相应温度环境下的偏移，使所述光学系统在一个较宽的温度范围内保持良好的成像质量，即减小因温度变化引起的离焦变化量，使系统留有一定的焦距长度变化量以用于补偿感光表面因温度环境变化引起的位置偏移量，并避免所述光学系统发生过校正现象。
在一些实施例中，光学系统10包括光阑STO，光阑STO设置于第三透镜L3与第四透镜L4之间，且光学系统10满足以下关系：-7＜∑f123/f＜-4；其中，∑f123为第一透镜L1、第二透镜L2和第三透镜L3的有效焦距之和，f为光学系统10的有效焦距。具体地，在一些实施例中，∑f123/f可以为-6.4、-6.3、-6.2、-6、-5.9或-5.8。满足上述关系时，光学系统10的前端(第一透镜L1、第二透镜L2及第三透镜L3所组成的前端透镜组)将拥有足够的正屈折力，以将携带被摄物信息的光束充分收缩入光阑STO，从而有利于光学系统10拥有高像素的成像特性。
在一些实施例中，光学系统10满足关系：0.9＜R2/D12＜1.3；其中，R2为第一透镜L1的像侧面于光轴处的曲率半径，D12为第一透镜L1的像侧面S2至第二透镜L2的物侧面S3于光轴上的距离。具体地，在一些实施例中，R2/D12可以为1.1、1.12、1.13、1.14、1.15或1.16。满足上述关系时，将有利于光学系统10收集大角度入射的光束，从而使光学摄像镜头拥有广视角、低敏感度以及小型化的特性。高于或低于关系式的范围时，则不利于校正系统的像差，不利于提升成像质量。
在一些实施例中，第五透镜L5的像侧面S10与第六透镜L6的物侧面S11胶合。上述设计有利于优化像差，降低光学系统10的偏心敏感度，并提升光学系统10的解像力，同时还有利于降低系统的组装难度，提高良率及降低成本。进一步地，一些实施例中的光学系统10满足关系：-10＜f5*f6/f＜-5；其中，f5为第五透镜L5的有效焦距，f6为第六透镜L6的有效焦距，f为光学系统10的有效焦距，f5、f6和f的单位均为mm。具体地，在一些实施例中，f5*f6/f可以为-9.5、-9.4、-9、-8.5、-8、-7.8或-7.6，数值单位为mm。满足上述关系时，有利于消除第五透镜L5和第六透镜L6所带来的色差，同时有利于校正光束经第一透镜L1至第四透镜L4所构成的透镜组的折转而产生的像差。超过关系式上限时，则不利于抑制因成像区域周边部的光束所造成的高阶像差的出现；超过关系式下限时，则不利于抑制色差的产生，无法得到高分辨性能。
在一些实施例中，光学系统10满足以下关系：-33＜f56/(CT5-CT6)＜-12；其中，f56为第五透 镜L5与第六透镜L6的组合焦距，CT5为第五透镜L5于光轴上的厚度，CT6为第六透镜L6于光轴上的厚度。具体地，在一些实施例中，f56/(CT5-CT6)可以为-29、-28、-25、-23、-20、-18、-17或-16。满足上述关系时，有利于消除第五透镜L5和第六透镜L6所带来的色差，同时有利于校正光束经第一透镜L1至第四透镜L4所构成的透镜组的折转而产生的像差。超过关系式上限时，则不利于抑制因成像区域周边部的光束所造成的高阶像差的出现；超过关系式下限时，则不利于抑制色差的产生，无法得到高分辨性能。
在一些实施例中，光学系统10满足以下关系：4.0＜tan[(1/2)FOV]*TTL/Imgh＜4.5；其中，TTL为光学系统10的光学总长，FOV为光学系统10于对角线方向的最大视场角，Imgh为光学系统10于对角线方向的最大视场角所对应的像高，FOV的单位为°，TTL和Imgh的单位均为mm。具体地，在一些实施例中，tan[(1/2)FOV]*TTL/Imgh可以为4.2、4.25、4.3、4.35或4.38。满足上述关系时，有利于使光学系统10各视场的像质均匀，即各视场的解像能力趋于一致且拥有较小的畸变，同时也能满足小型化设计，又可保证高像素要求。超过关系式下限时，则不利于光学系统10的广角化；超过关系式上限时，则不利于光学系统10拥有小型化与高像素特性，且容易引起像面严重变形。
在一些实施例中，光学系统10中至少一个透镜的物侧面和/或像侧面为非球面。非球面设计有利于优化像差，提升光学系统10的成像质量，同时还有利于光学系统10的小型化设计，使光学系统10能够在保持小型化设计的同时具备优良的光学效果。在一些实施例中，光学系统10中至少一个透镜的物侧面和/或像侧面为球面，球面的面型设置能够简化透镜的加工工艺，从而有效降低透镜的制备成本。特别地，在一些实施例中，光学系统10中的第四透镜L4的物侧面S7和像侧面S8均为非球面，而其他透镜的物侧面和像侧面均为球面。
非球面的面型计算可参考非球面公式：
Figure PCTCN2020087575-appb-000001
其中，Z为非球面上相应点到与表面顶点相切的平面的距离，r为非球面上相应点到光轴的距离，c为非球面顶点的曲率，k为圆锥系数，Ai为非球面面型公式中与第i项高次项相对应的系数。
在一些实施例中，光学系统10中的各透镜的材质均为玻璃，玻璃材质的透镜能够耐受较为极端的温度且具有优良的光学效果，从而使光学系统10的成像性能不会因温度变化而受过大的影响。在一些实施例中，也可将第一透镜L1设计为玻璃透镜，而将像方各透镜设计为塑料透镜，此时，位于物方的玻璃透镜(第一透镜L1)对较为极端的环境(如暴晒或极寒)有良好耐受效果，不易受环境温度的影响而出现老化、形变等问题而导致成像质量下降，且能够较好地平衡系统的光学性能与成本。当然，也可以将第一透镜L1和第二透镜L2，或将第一透镜L1至第三透镜L3均设计为玻璃透镜，从而降低系统的前端透镜组对环境温度的变化的敏感度。
接下来以更为具体详细的实施例来对本申请的光学系统10进行说明：
第一实施例
参考图1，在第一实施例中，光学系统10由物侧至像侧依次包括具有负屈折力的第一透镜L1、具有负屈折力的第二透镜L2、具有正屈折力的第三透镜L3、光阑STO、具有正屈折力的第四透镜L4、具有正屈折力的第五透镜L5及具有负屈折力的第六透镜L6。
图2包括第一实施例的光学系统10于相应波长下的像散图和畸变图，其中像散图中各曲线所对应的参考波长已在图中给出，畸变图的参考波长为480nm。像散图和畸变图的纵坐标为系统的最大视场角的一半(即58.36°)，像散图的横坐标为焦点的偏移量(mm)，畸变图的横坐标为畸变(％)。图3为第一实施例中光学系统10于-40℃下中心视场处的离焦曲线图。图4为第一实施例中光学系统10于20℃下中心视场处的离焦曲线图。图5为第一实施例中光学系统10于85℃下中心视场处的离焦曲线图。
第一透镜L1的物侧面S1为平面，像侧面S2为凹面。
第二透镜L2的物侧面S3为凹面，像侧面S4为凸面。
第三透镜L3的物侧面S5为凸面，像侧面S6为凸面。
第四透镜L4的物侧面S7为凸面，像侧面S8为凸面。
第五透镜L5的物侧面S9为凹面，像侧面S10为凸面。
第六透镜L6的物侧面S11为凹面，像侧面S12为凸面。
第一透镜L1的物侧面S1为平面，像侧面S2为球面，第二透镜L2、第三透镜L3、第五透镜L5及第六透镜L6的物侧面和像侧面均为球面，第四透镜L4的物侧面S7和像侧面S8均为非球面。由于第一透镜L1的物侧面S1为平面，因此可降低第一透镜L1的公差偏心敏感度，提升组装良率，进而降低生产成本。上述面型设计有利于利于优化系统像差，提升光学系统10的成像质量。第五透镜L5的像侧面S10与第六透镜L6的物侧面S11胶合。上述胶合设计有利于优化系统像差，降低光学系统10的偏心敏感度，并提升光学系统10的解像力，同时还有利于降低系统的组装难度，提高良率及降低成本。另外，光学系统10中各透镜的材质均为玻璃。
在该实施例中，光学系统10满足以下各关系：
(dn/dt) 1/(nd 1-1)-α 1＝-1.2；(dn/dt) 2/(nd 2-1)-α 2＝-5.14；(dn/dt) 3/(nd 3-1)-α 3＝-8.07；(dn/dt) 4/(nd 4-1)-α 4＝-17.37；(dn/dt) 5/(nd 5-1)-α 5＝-12.99；(dn/dt) 6/(nd 6-1)-α 6＝-7.84。
通过满足上述屈折力配置及材质条件，将有利于提升光学系统10在温度变化(例如变化至高温或低温)时的成像质量的稳定性，减小因温度变化而引起的离焦变化量，从而实现改善成像质量的目的。
(dn/dt) 1+(nd 1-1)*α 1＝7.73；(dn/dt) 2+(nd 2-1)*α 2＝5.72；(dn/dt) 3+(nd 3-1)*α 3＝5.9；(dn/dt) 4+(nd 4-1)*α 4＝2；(dn/dt) 5+(nd 5-1)*α 5＝3.51；(dn/dt) 6+(nd 6-1)*α 6＝6.04。
通过采用满足上述关系的透镜，将有利于提升透镜形状对温度的稳定性，并降低光学系统10的温度敏感度，即减小因温度变化引起的离焦变化量以及像差变化量。
V1*f/f1＝1.27；V2*f/f2＝0.81；V3*f/f3＝-5.44；V4*f/f4＝-11.86；V5*f/f5＝-7.38；V6*f/f6＝5.13。满足上述关系时，可调整系统成像面在温度变化下的移动方向以及偏移量，有利于光学系统10在温度变化的环境下，最佳成像面位置不会因温度的变化而产生过于敏感的偏移量，从而有利于降低系统的温度敏感度，即减小因温度变化引起的离焦变化量，使系统在一个较宽的温度范围内依然能够保持良好的成像品质。
Σ(V i*f/f i)＝-17.47。满足关系时，光学系统10在高温环境下的最佳成像面位置能够朝像方移动，而在低温环境下的最佳成像面位置朝物方移动，以此补偿感光元件的感光表面在相应温度环境下的偏移，使光学系统10在一个较宽的温度范围内保持良好的成像质量，即减小因温度变化引起的离焦变化量，使系统留有一定的焦距长度变化量以用于补偿感光表面因温度环境变化引起的位置偏移量，并避免光学系统10发生过校正现象。
∑f123/f＝-5.842。满足上述关系时，光学系统10的前端(第一透镜L1、第二透镜L2及第三透镜L3所组成的前端透镜组)将拥有足够的正屈折力，以将携带被摄物信息的光束充分收缩入光阑，从而有利于光学系统10拥有高像素的成像特性。
R2/D12＝1.169。满足上述关系时，将有利于光学系统10收集大角度入射的光束，从而使光学摄像镜头拥有广视角、低敏感度以及小型化的特性。
f5*f6/f＝-9.729mm。满足上述关系时，有利于消除第五透镜L5和第六透镜L6所带来的色差，同时有利于校正光束经第一透镜L1至第四透镜L4所构成的透镜组的折转而产生的像差。
f56/(CT5-CT6)＝-15.95；满足上述关系时，有利于消除第五透镜L5和第六透镜L6所带来的色差，同时有利于校正光束经前面透镜组的折转而产生的像差。
tan[(1/2)FOV]*TTL/Imgh＝4.195。满足上述关系时，有利于使光学系统10各视场的像质均匀，即各视场的解像能力趋于一致且拥有较小的畸变，同时还能满足小型化设计，又可保证高像素要求。
满足上述关系时，光学系统10能够带来优良的成像品质，且在环境温度变化的情况下(例如从常温变化至高温或低温)，光学系统10的最佳成像面位置在温度变化时能够相应移动，以补偿感光元件上的感光表面的位置偏移量，从而使最终装配形成的模组在高温、低温等环境下的成像质量拥有优良稳定性。
另外，光学系统10的各透镜参数由表1和表2给出，表2展现了第一实施例中相应透镜的非球面系数，表2中的K为圆锥系数，Ai为非球面面型公式中与第i项高次项相对应的系数。由物面至像面 (成像面)的各元件依次按照表1从上至下的各元件的顺序排列，面序号1和2分别表示第一透镜L1的物侧面S1和像侧面S2，即同一透镜中，面序号较小的表面为物侧面，面序号较大的表面为像侧面。表1中的Y半径为相应面序号的物侧面或像侧面于近轴处(或理解为于光轴处)的曲率半径。透镜于“厚度”参数列中的第一个数值为该透镜于光轴上的厚度，第二个数值为该透镜的像侧面至后一透镜的物侧面于光轴上的距离。面序号6所对应的“厚度”参数值为第三透镜L3的像侧面S6至光阑的STO的中心于光轴上的距离，光阑STO于“厚度”参数列中的数值为光阑STO的中心至后一透镜(该实施例中为第四透镜L4)的物侧面顶点(顶点指透镜与光轴的交点)于光轴上的距离。本申请实施例中的各透镜的光轴以及光阑STO的中心处于同一直线上，该直线作为光学系统10的光轴。
在第一实施例中，光学系统10的有效焦距f＝3.62mm，光圈数FNO＝2.0，最大视场角(对角线视角)FOV＝116.7°，光学总长TTL＝17.094mm，光学总长TTL为第一透镜L1的物侧面S1至光学系统10的成像面S13于光轴上的距离。
另外，以下各实施例中的折射率、阿贝数及焦距的参考波长均为587.56nm，且各实施例的关系式计算和透镜结构均以表格中的透镜参数数据计算为准。
表1
Figure PCTCN2020087575-appb-000002
表2
面序号 8 9
K 0.00E+00 -7.02E-01
A4 -5.88E-03 5.29E-05
A6 -6.48E-04 -1.61E-05
A8 0.00E+00 -7.56E-05
A10 0.00E+00 1.03E-05
A12 0.00E+00 0.00E+00
A14 0.00E+00 0.00E+00
A16 0.00E+00 0.00E+00
A18 0.00E+00 0.00E+00
A20 0.00E+00 0.00E+00
在第一实施例中，参考图2，弧失场曲的最大值为0.0311mm，子午场曲的最大值为0.0189mm，最大畸变为43.66％。由此可知，第一实施例中的像散和畸变较小，从而系统拥有良好的成像质量。
参考图3、图4及图5，相较于20℃下的焦点位置，系统于-40℃下的最佳成像面的位置将向物方偏移，从而能够补偿因基座的收缩形变而导致成像面相对感光表面朝像方的偏移量；系统于85℃下的最佳成像面的位置将向像方偏移，从而能够补偿因基座的膨胀形变而导致成像面相对感光表面朝物方的偏移量。因此，光学系统10能够对成像面与感光表面之间的偏移量进行补偿，从而能够提升光学系统10在温度变化(例如变化至高温或低温)时的成像质量的稳定性，减小因温度变化而引起的离焦变化量，从而实现改善成像质量的目的。
第二实施例
参考图6，在第二实施例中，光学系统10由物侧至像侧依次包括具有负屈折力的第一透镜L1、具有负屈折力的第二透镜L2、具有正屈折力的第三透镜L3、光阑STO、具有正屈折力的第四透镜L4、具有正屈折力的第五透镜L5及具有负屈折力的第六透镜L6。
图7包括第二实施例的光学系统10于相应波长下的像散图和畸变图，其中像散图中各曲线所对应的参考波长已在图中给出，畸变图的参考波长为480nm。像散图和畸变图的纵坐标为系统的最大视场角的一半(即58.35°)，像散图的横坐标为焦点的偏移量(mm)，畸变图的横坐标为畸变(％)。图8为第二实施例中光学系统10于-40℃下中心视场处的离焦曲线图。图9为第二实施例中光学系统10于20℃下中心视场处的离焦曲线图。图10为第二实施例中光学系统10于85℃下中心视场处的离焦曲线图。
第一透镜L1的物侧面S1为平面，像侧面S2为凹面。
第二透镜L2的物侧面S3为凹面，像侧面S4为凸面。
第三透镜L3的物侧面S5为凸面，像侧面S6为凸面。
第四透镜L4的物侧面S7为凸面，像侧面S8为凸面。
第五透镜L5的物侧面S9为凹面，像侧面S10为凸面。
第六透镜L6的物侧面S11为凹面，像侧面S12为凸面。
另外，光学系统10的各透镜参数由表3和表4给出，而其中各参数的定义可由第一实施例得出，此处不加以赘述。
表3
Figure PCTCN2020087575-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2020087575-appb-000004
表4
面序号 8 9
K -1.14E+01 -4.41E-01
A4 -6.77E-03 2.65E-04
A6 -8.94E-04 1.13E-04
A8 2.55E-05 -3.83E-04
A10 -2.43E-05 1.50E-04
A12 0.00E+00 -3.46E-05
A14 0.00E+00 4.26E-06
A16 0.00E+00 -2.26E-07
A18 0.00E+00 0.00E+00
A20 0.00E+00 0.00E+00
在第二实施例中，光学系统10满足以下关系：
i (dn/dt) i/(nd i-1)-α i (dn/dt) i+(nd i-1)*α i V i*f/f i
1 -1.2 7.73 1.27
2 -5.14 5.72 0.81
3 -8.07 5.90 -5.25
4 -17.37 2.00 -12.84
5 -12.99 3.51 -7.74
6 -5.93 5.6 4.5
以及：
Σ(V i*f/f i) -19.26 f5*f6/f -7.978
∑f123/f -5.778 f56/(CT5-CT6) -20.038
R2/D12 1.154 tan[(1/2)FOV]*TTL/Imgh 4.195
在第二实施例中，参考图7，弧失场曲的最大值为0.0307mm，子午场曲的最大值为0.0289mm，最大畸变为43.64％。由此可知，第二实施例中的像散和畸变较小，从而系统拥有良好的成像质量。
参考图8、图9及图10，相较于20℃下的焦点位置，系统于-40℃下的最佳成像面的位置将向物方偏移，从而能够补偿因基座的收缩形变而导致成像面相对感光表面朝像方的偏移量；系统于85℃下的最佳成像面的位置将向像方偏移，从而能够补偿因基座的膨胀形变而导致成像面相对感光表面朝物方的偏移量。因此，光学系统10能够对成像面与感光表面之间的偏移量进行补偿，从而能够提升光学系统10在温度变化(例如变化至高温或低温)时的成像质量的稳定性，减小因温度变化而引起的离焦变化量，从而实现改善成像质量的目的。
第三实施例
参考图11，在第三实施例中，光学系统10由物侧至像侧依次包括具有负屈折力的第一透镜L1、具有负屈折力的第二透镜L2、具有正屈折力的第三透镜L3、光阑STO、具有正屈折力的第四透镜L4、具有正屈折力的第五透镜L5及具有负屈折力的第六透镜L6。
图12包括第三实施例的光学系统10于相应波长下的像散图和畸变图，其中像散图中各曲线所对应的参考波长已在图中给出，畸变图的参考波长为480nm。像散图和畸变图的纵坐标为系统的最大视场角的一半(即58.35°)，像散图的横坐标为焦点的偏移量(mm)，畸变图的横坐标为畸变(％)。图13为第三实施例中光学系统10于-40℃下中心视场处的离焦曲线图。图14为第三实施例中光学系统10于20℃下中心视场处的离焦曲线图。图15为第三实施例中光学系统10于85℃下中心视场处的离焦曲线图。
第一透镜L1的物侧面S1为平面，像侧面S2为凹面。
第二透镜L2的物侧面S3为凹面，像侧面S4为凸面。
第三透镜L3的物侧面S5为凸面，像侧面S6为凸面。
第四透镜L4的物侧面S7为凸面，像侧面S8为凸面。
第五透镜L5的物侧面S9为凹面，像侧面S10为凸面。
第六透镜L6的物侧面S11为凹面，像侧面S12为凸面。
另外，光学系统10的各透镜参数由表5和表6给出，而其中各参数的定义可由第一实施例得出，此处不加以赘述。
表5
Figure PCTCN2020087575-appb-000005
表6
Figure PCTCN2020087575-appb-000006
Figure PCTCN2020087575-appb-000007
在第三实施例中，光学系统10满足以下关系：
i (dn/dt) i/(nd i-1)-α i (dn/dt) i+(nd i-1)*α i V i*f/f i
1 -1.2 7.73 1.27
2 -5.14 5.72 0.81
3 -8.07 5.90 -5.62
4 -17.37 2.00 -12.09
5 -12.99 3.51 -8.11
6 -5.93 5.6 4.5
以及：
Σ(V i*f/f i) -19.24 f5*f6/f -7.622
∑f123/f -5.904 f56/(CT5-CT6) -28.174
R2/D12 1.126 tan[(1/2)FOV]*TTL/Imgh 4.196
在第三实施例中，参考图12，弧失场曲的最大值为0.0287mm，子午场曲的最大值为0.0294mm，最大畸变为43.61％。由此可知，第三实施例中的像散和畸变较小，从而系统拥有良好的成像质量。
参考图13、图14及图15，相较于20℃下的焦点位置，系统于-40℃下的最佳成像面的位置将向物方偏移，从而能够补偿因基座的收缩形变而导致成像面相对感光表面朝像方的偏移量；系统于85℃下的最佳成像面的位置将向像方偏移，从而能够补偿因基座的膨胀形变而导致成像面相对感光表面朝物方的偏移量。因此，光学系统10能够对成像面与感光表面之间的偏移量进行补偿，从而能够提升光学系统10在温度变化(例如变化至高温或低温)时的成像质量的稳定性，减小因温度变化而引起的离焦变化量，从而实现改善成像质量的目的。
第四实施例
参考图16，在第四实施例中，光学系统10由物侧至像侧依次包括具有负屈折力的第一透镜L1、具有负屈折力的第二透镜L2、具有正屈折力的第三透镜L3、光阑STO、具有正屈折力的第四透镜L4、具有正屈折力的第五透镜L5及具有负屈折力的第六透镜L6。
图17包括第四实施例的光学系统10于相应波长下的像散图和畸变图，其中像散图中各曲线所对应的参考波长已在图中给出，畸变图的参考波长为480nm。像散图和畸变图的纵坐标为系统的最大视场角的一半(即58.36°)，像散图的横坐标为焦点的偏移量(mm)，畸变图的横坐标为畸变(％)。图18为第四实施例中光学系统10于-40℃下中心视场处的离焦曲线图。图19为第四实施例中光学系统10于20℃下中心视场处的离焦曲线图。图20为第四实施例中光学系统10于85℃下中心视场处的离焦曲线图。
第一透镜L1的物侧面S1为平面，像侧面S2为凹面。
第二透镜L2的物侧面S3为凹面，像侧面S4为凸面。
第三透镜L3的物侧面S5为凸面，像侧面S6为凸面。
第四透镜L4的物侧面S7为凸面，像侧面S8为凸面。
第五透镜L5的物侧面S9为凹面，像侧面S10为凸面。
第六透镜L6的物侧面S11为凹面，像侧面S12为凸面。
另外，光学系统10的各透镜参数由表7和表8给出，而其中各参数的定义可由第一实施例得出，此处不加以赘述。
表7
Figure PCTCN2020087575-appb-000008
Figure PCTCN2020087575-appb-000009
表8
面序号 8 9
K 0.00E+00 -9.62E-01
A4 -6.37E-03 -4.04E-04
A6 -4.73E-04 -4.36E-04
A8 -8.16E-05 1.99E-05
A10 0.00E+00 -2.15E-06
A12 0.00E+00 0.00E+00
A14 0.00E+00 0.00E+00
A16 0.00E+00 0.00E+00
A18 0.00E+00 0.00E+00
A20 0.00E+00 0.00E+00
在第四实施例中，光学系统10满足以下关系：
i (dn/dt) i/(nd i-1)-α i (dn/dt) i+(nd i-1)*α i V i*f/f i
1 -1.2 7.73 1.25
2 -5.14 5.72 0.79
3 -8.07 5.90 -5.54
4 -5.28 5.56 -3.68
5 -12.99 3.51 -8.16
6 -7.84 6.04 5.85
以及：
Σ(V i*f/f i) -9.49 f5*f6/f -7.704
∑f123/f -5.992 f56/(CT5-CT6) -29.15
R2/D12 1.141 tan[(1/2)FOV]*TTL/Imgh 4.196
在第四实施例中，参考图17，弧失场曲的最大值为0.0327mm，子午场曲的最大值为0.0253mm，最大畸变为43.62％。由此可知，第四实施例中的像散和畸变较小，从而系统拥有良好的成像质量。
参考图18、图19及图20，相较于20℃下的焦点位置，系统于-40℃下的最佳成像面的位置将向物方偏移，从而能够补偿因基座的收缩形变而导致成像面相对感光表面朝像方的偏移量；系统于85℃下的最佳成像面的位置将向像方偏移，从而能够补偿因基座的膨胀形变而导致成像面相对感光表面朝物方的偏移量。因此，光学系统10能够对成像面与感光表面之间的偏移量进行补偿，从而能够提升光学系统10在温度变化(例如变化至高温或低温)时的成像质量的稳定性，减小因温度变化而引起的离焦变化量，从而实现改善成像质量的目的。
第五实施例
参考图21，在第五实施例中，光学系统10由物侧至像侧依次包括具有负屈折力的第一透镜L1、具有负屈折力的第二透镜L2、具有正屈折力的第三透镜L3、光阑STO、具有正屈折力的第四透镜L4、具有正屈折力的第五透镜L5及具有负屈折力的第六透镜L6。
图22包括第五实施例的光学系统10于相应波长下的像散图和畸变图，其中像散图中各曲线所对应的参考波长已在图中给出，畸变图的参考波长为480nm。像散图和畸变图的纵坐标为系统的最大视场角的一半(即58.35°)，像散图的横坐标为焦点的偏移量(mm)，畸变图的横坐标为畸变(％)。图23为第五实施例中光学系统10于-40℃下中心视场处的离焦曲线图。图24为第五实施例中光学系统10于20℃下中心视场处的离焦曲线图。图25为第五实施例中光学系统10于85℃下中心视场处的离焦曲线图。
第一透镜L1的物侧面S1为平面，像侧面S2为凹面。
第二透镜L2的物侧面S3为凹面，像侧面S4为凸面。
第三透镜L3的物侧面S5为凸面，像侧面S6为凸面。
第四透镜L4的物侧面S7为凸面，像侧面S8为凸面。
第五透镜L5的物侧面S9为凹面，像侧面S10为凸面。
第六透镜L6的物侧面S11为凹面，像侧面S12为凸面。
另外，光学系统10的各透镜参数由表9和表10给出，而其中各参数的定义可由第一实施例得出，此处不加以赘述。
表9
Figure PCTCN2020087575-appb-000010
Figure PCTCN2020087575-appb-000011
表10
面序号 8 9
K 0.00E+00 -1.01E+00
A4 -5.95E-03 -3.24E-04
A6 -3.24E-04 -3.76E-04
A8 -1.12E-04 -1.02E-05
A10 0.00E+00 -1.28E-07
A12 0.00E+00 0.00E+00
A14 0.00E+00 0.00E+00
A16 0.00E+00 0.00E+00
A18 0.00E+00 0.00E+00
A20 0.00E+00 0.00E+00
在第五实施例中，光学系统10满足以下关系：
i (dn/dt) i/(nd i-1)-α i (dn/dt) i+(nd i-1)*α i V i*f/f i
1 -1.2 7.73 1.25
2 -5.14 5.72 0.79
3 -1.2 7.73 -0.82
4 -5.28 5.56 -3.74
5 -12.99 3.51 -7.99
6 -5.93 5.6 4.51
以及：
Σ(V i*f/f i) -6.0 f5*f6/f -7.725
∑f123/f -5.978 f56/(CT5-CT6) -27.191
R2/D12 1.125 tan[(1/2)FOV]*TTL/Imgh 4.196
在第五实施例中，参考图22，弧失场曲的最大值为0.0328mm，子午场曲的最大值为0.0311mm，最大畸变为43.60％。由此可知，第五实施例中的像散和畸变较小，从而系统拥有良好的成像质量。
第六实施例
参考图26，在第六实施例中，光学系统10由物侧至像侧依次包括具有负屈折力的第一透镜L1、具有负屈折力的第二透镜L2、具有正屈折力的第三透镜L3、光阑STO、具有正屈折力的第四透镜L4、具有正屈折力的第五透镜L5及具有负屈折力的第六透镜L6。
图27包括第六实施例的光学系统10于相应波长下的像散图和畸变图，其中像散图中各曲线所对应的参考波长已在图中给出，畸变图的参考波长为480nm。像散图和畸变图的纵坐标为系统的最大视场角的一半(即58.36°)，像散图的横坐标为焦点的偏移量(mm)，畸变图的横坐标为畸变(％)。图28为第六实施例中光学系统10于-40℃下中心视场处的离焦曲线图。图29为第六实施例中光学系统10于20℃下中心视场处的离焦曲线图。图30为第六实施例中光学系统10于85℃下中心视场处的离焦曲线图。
第一透镜L1的物侧面S1为平面，像侧面S2为凹面。
第二透镜L2的物侧面S3为凹面，像侧面S4为凸面。
第三透镜L3的物侧面S5为凸面，像侧面S6为凸面。
第四透镜L4的物侧面S7为凸面，像侧面S8为凸面。
第五透镜L5的物侧面S9为凹面，像侧面S10为凸面。
第六透镜L6的物侧面S11为凹面，像侧面S12为凸面。
另外，光学系统10的各透镜参数由表11和表12给出，而其中各参数的定义可由第一实施例得出，此处不加以赘述。
表11
Figure PCTCN2020087575-appb-000012
表12
面序号 8 9
K 0.00E+00 -1.01E+00
A4 -5.77E-03 -3.84E-04
A6 -2.65E-04 -3.04E-04
A8 -1.22E-04 -3.48E-05
A10 0.00E+00 1.47E-06
A12 0.00E+00 0.00E+00
A14 0.00E+00 0.00E+00
A16 0.00E+00 0.00E+00
A18 0.00E+00 0.00E+00
A20 0.00E+00 0.00E+00
在第六实施例中，光学系统10满足以下关系：
i (dn/dt) i/(nd i-1)-α i (dn/dt) i+(nd i-1)*α i V i*f/f i
1 -1.2 7.73 1.25
2 -27.95 -1.27 4.06
3 -1.2 7.73 -0.8
4 -5.28 5.56 -3.77
5 -12.99 3.51 -8.07
6 -5.93 5.6 4.58
以及：
Σ(V i*f/f i) -2.75 f5*f6/f -7.524
∑f123/f -6.351 f56/(CT5-CT6) -27.611
R2/D12 1.122 tan[(1/2)FOV]*TTL/Imgh 4.196
在第六实施例中，参考图27，弧失场曲的最大值为0.0333mm，子午场曲的最大值为0.0297mm，最大畸变为43.63％。由此可知，第六实施例中的像散和畸变较小，从而系统拥有良好的成像质量。
第七实施例
参考图31，在第七实施例中，光学系统10由物侧至像侧依次包括具有负屈折力的第一透镜L1、具有负屈折力的第二透镜L2、具有正屈折力的第三透镜L3、光阑STO、具有正屈折力的第四透镜L4、具有正屈折力的第五透镜L5及具有负屈折力的第六透镜L6。
图32包括第七实施例的光学系统10于相应波长下的像散图和畸变图，其中像散图中各曲线所对应的参考波长已在图中给出，畸变图的参考波长为480nm。像散图和畸变图的纵坐标为系统的最大视场角的一半(即59.50°)，像散图的横坐标为焦点的偏移量(mm)，畸变图的横坐标为畸变(％)。图33为第七实施例中光学系统10于-40℃下中心视场处的离焦曲线图。图34为第七实施例中光学系统10于20℃下中心视场处的离焦曲线图。图35为第七实施例中光学系统10于85℃下中心视场处的离焦曲线图。
第一透镜L1的物侧面S1为平面，像侧面S2为凹面。
第二透镜L2的物侧面S3为凹面，像侧面S4为凸面。
第三透镜L3的物侧面S5为凸面，像侧面S6为凸面。
第四透镜L4的物侧面S7为凸面，像侧面S8为凸面。
第五透镜L5的物侧面S9为凹面，像侧面S10为凸面。
第六透镜L6的物侧面S11为凹面，像侧面S12为凸面。
另外，光学系统10的各透镜参数由表13和表14给出，而其中各参数的定义可由第一实施例得出，此处不加以赘述。
表13
Figure PCTCN2020087575-appb-000013
Figure PCTCN2020087575-appb-000014
表14
面序号 8 9
K 0.00E+00 -9.15E-01
A4 -6.68E-03 -6.32E-04
A6 -5.18E-04 -3.67E-04
A8 -6.37E-05 1.33E-05
A10 0.00E+00 -1.26E-06
A12 0.00E+00 0.00E+00
A14 0.00E+00 0.00E+00
A16 0.00E+00 0.00E+00
A18 0.00E+00 0.00E+00
A20 0.00E+00 0.00E+00
在第七实施例中，光学系统10满足以下关系：
i (dn/dt) i/(nd i-1)-α i (dn/dt) i+(nd i-1)*α i V i*f/f i
1 -1.2 7.73 1.19
2 -5.14 5.72 0.74
3 -1.2 7.73 -0.83
4 -5.28 5.56 -3.44
5 -12.99 3.51 -7.43
6 -7.6 5.57 5.41
以及：
Σ(V i*f/f i) -4.36 f5*f6/f -8.724
∑f123/f -6.483 f56/(CT5-CT6) -22.235
R2/D12 1.078 tan[(1/2)FOV]*TTL/Imgh 4.391
在第七实施例中，参考图32，弧失场曲的最大值为0.0312mm，子午场曲的最大值为0.0274mm，最大畸变为45.09％。由此可知，第七实施例中的像散和畸变较小，从而系统拥有良好的成像质量。
以上第一实施例至第七实施例的各透镜参数中的折射率温度系数(dn/dt) i以及各透镜的热膨胀系数α i可见下表，其中(dn/dt) i的单位为(10 -6/K)，α i单位为(10 -6/K)，且(dn/dt) i在以下简写为dn/dt。
Figure PCTCN2020087575-appb-000015
Figure PCTCN2020087575-appb-000016
在以上各实施例所提供的离焦曲线图中，反映了像面中心位置在偏离了焦平面位置时的分辨率变化，图中峰值的位置即为中心视场成像的最佳位置。通过中心视场在不同温度环境下的离焦曲线，能更清楚地观察到温度变化时的最佳成像面的偏移方向。由各实施例中的离焦曲线图可得到本申请实施例中的光学系统10的一种特性，即：温度为正时最佳成像面的位置向正方向移动，从而可补偿非光学机构件(例如前述的基座)由于热膨胀而导致感光元件的感光表面向正方向移动的问题，使得最佳成像面的位置尽可能与感光表面同步移动；温度为负时最佳成像面的位置向负方向移动，从而可补偿非光学机构件由于受冷收缩而导致感光表面向正方向移动的问题。通过采用本申请的设计，可使光学系统10的最佳成像位置与感光表面的位置尽可能保持一致，避免在高温或低温环境下，系统出现失焦的问题，保持系统在温度变化的环境下也能清晰成像。
参考图36，在本申请提供的一个实施例中，光学系统10与感光元件210组装以形成摄像模组20，感光元件210设置于光学系统10的像侧。该实施例中，光学系统10与感光元件210之间设置有红外截止滤光片。感光元件210可以为CCD(Charge Coupled Device，电荷耦合器件)或CMOS(Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor，互补金属氧化物半导体)。一般地，在装配时，光学系统10的成像面S13与感光元件210的感光表面重叠。
在一些实施例中，摄像模组20包括设于第六透镜L6与感光元件210之间的滤光片110，滤光片110用于滤除红外光。在一些实施例中，滤光片110能够安装至镜头的像端。在一些实施例中，摄像模组20还包括保护玻璃120，保护玻璃120设于滤光片110与感光元件210之间，保护玻璃120用于保护感光元件210。
通过采用上述光学系统10，摄像模组20在高温、低温等环境下依然拥有稳定的成像质量。
参考图37，本申请的一些实施例还提供了一种电子设备30，摄像模组20应用于电子设备30以使电子设备30具备摄像功能。具体地，电子设备30包括壳体310，摄像模组20安装于壳体310，壳体310可以是电路板、中框、保护壳等部件。电子设备30可以是但不限于智能手机、智能手表、电子书阅读器、车载摄像装置、监控设备、医疗设备(如内窥镜)、平板电脑、生物识别设备(如指纹识别设备或瞳孔识别设备等)、PDA(Personal Digital Assistant，个人数字助理)、无人机等。具体地，在一些实施例中，电子设备30为智能手机，智能手机包括中框和电路板，电路板设置于中框，摄像模组20安装于智能手机的中框，且其中的感光元件210与电路板电性连接。在另一些实施例中，电子设备30为车载摄像设备(具体结构可参考图37)，摄像模组20设置于车载摄像装置的壳体310内，壳体310与安装板转动连接，安装板用于固定在汽车的车体上。通过采用上述摄像模组20，电子设备30在温度变化的情况下(例如变化至高温或低温)依然具备优良且稳定的成像质量。
参考图38，本申请的一些实施例还提供了一种汽车40。当电子设备30为车载摄像设备时，电子设备30可作为汽车40的前视摄像装置、后视摄像装置或侧视摄像装置。具体地，汽车40包括安装部410，电子设备30的壳体310安装于安装部410上，安装部410可以是车体的一部分，如进气格栅、侧视镜、后视镜、后尾箱盖板、车顶、中控台。当电子设备30设有可转动的安装板时，电子设备30通过安装板安装至汽车40的安装部410上。电子设备30可安装于车体的前侧(如进气格栅处)、左前大灯、右前大灯、左后视镜、右后视镜、车尾箱盖板、车顶等任意位置。其次，也可在汽车40内设置显示设备，电子设备30与显示设备通信连接，从而，安装部410上的电子设备30所获得的影像能够在显示设备上实时显示，让驾驶者能够获得安装部410四周更大范围的环境信息，使驾驶者在行车和泊车时更为方便及安全。当设置有多个电子设备30以获取不同方位的景象时，电子设备30所获得的影像信息能够被合成，并能够以俯视图的形式呈现在显示设备上。
具体地，在一些实施例中，汽车40包括至少四个电子设备30，电子设备30分别安装在车体的前侧(如进气格栅处)、左侧(如左后视镜处)、右侧(如右后视镜处)及后侧(如车尾箱盖板处)，以构建汽车环视系统。汽车环视系统包括安装在安装部410前后左右的四个(或更多个)电子设备30，多个电子设备30可同时采集汽车40四周的景象，随后经电子设备30采集到图像信息经过图像处理单元进行畸变还原、视角转化、图像拼接、图像增强等步骤，最终形成一幅汽车40四周的无缝隙的360°全景俯视图，并于显示设备上显示。当然，除了显示全景图，也可以显示任何一方位的单侧视图。另外，显示设备上也可配置配制与显示图像对应的标尺线以方便驾驶者准确地确定障碍物的方位和距离。通过将上述电子设备30作为车载摄像装置，汽车40在高温环境(如烈日暴晒)或低温环境(如极地) 下行驶时将依然能够获得优良且稳定的车载摄像画面，从而有利于提高驾驶的安全性。
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”“内”、“外”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”、“轴向”、“径向”、“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。在本发明的描述中，“多个”的含义是至少两个，例如两个，三个等，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本发明中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系，除非另有明确的限定。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
在本发明中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，第一特征在第二特征“上”或“下”可以是第一和第二特征直接接触，或第一和第二特征通过中间媒介间接接触。而且，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”可是第一特征在第二特征正上方或斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”可以是第一特征在第二特征正下方或斜下方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不必须针对的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。此外，在不相互矛盾的情况下，本领域的技术人员可以将本说明书中描述的不同实施例或示例以及不同实施例或示例的特征进行结合和组合。
以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合，为使描述简洁，未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述，然而，只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾，都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此，本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (21)

  1. 一种光学系统，其特征在于，由物侧至像侧依次包括：
    具有负屈折力的第一透镜；
    具有负屈折力的第二透镜；
    具有正屈折力的第三透镜；
    具有正屈折力的第四透镜，所述第四透镜的物侧面和像侧面均为凸面；
    具有正屈折力的第五透镜，所述第五透镜的物侧面为凹面，像侧面为凸面；
    具有负屈折力的第六透镜，所述第六透镜的物侧面为凹面，像侧面为凸面；
    所述光学系统中的至少一个透镜满足以下关系：
    (dn/dt) i/(nd i-1)-α i＜0；
    其中，(dn/dt) i为第i透镜的折射率温度系数，(dn/dt) i的单位为(10 -6/K)，nd i为第i透镜的d光折射率，α i为第i透镜的热膨胀系数，α i单位为(10 -6/K)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的光学系统，其特征在于，所述光学系统中的至少一个透镜满足以下关系：
    (dn/dt) i+(nd i-1)*α i＜10。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的光学系统，其特征在于，所述光学系统中的至少一个透镜满足以下关系：
    V i*f/f i＜0；
    其中，V i＝(dn/dt) i/(nd i-1)-α i，f为所述光学系统的有效焦距，f i为第i透镜的焦距，f和f i的单位均为mm。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的光学系统，其特征在于，满足以下关系：
    Σ(V i*f/f i)＜0；
    其中，V i＝(dn/dt) i/(nd i-1)-α i，f为所述光学系统的有效焦距，f i为第i透镜的焦距，Σ(V i*f/f i)为所述光学系统中所有透镜的V i*f/f i值的求和，f和f i的单位均为mm。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的光学系统，其特征在于，满足以下关系：
    Σ(V i*f/f i)＜-8。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的光学系统，其特征在于，包括光阑，所述光阑设置于所述第三透镜与所述第四透镜之间，且所述光学系统满足以下关系：
    -7＜∑f123/f＜-4；
    其中，∑f123为所述第一透镜、第二透镜和第三透镜的有效焦距之和，f为所述光学系统的有效焦距。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的光学系统，其特征在于，满足以下关系：
    0.9＜R2/D12＜1.3；
    其中，R2为所述第一透镜的像侧面于光轴处的曲率半径，D12为所述第一透镜的像侧面至所述第二透镜的物侧面于光轴上的距离。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的光学系统，其特征在于，所述第五透镜的像侧面与所述第六透镜的物侧面胶合。
  9. 根据权利要求1或8所述的光学系统，其特征在于，满足以下关系：
    -10＜f5*f6/f＜-5；
    其中，f5为所述第五透镜的有效焦距，f6为所述第六透镜的有效焦距，f为所述光学系统的有效焦距，f5、f6和f的单位均为mm。
  10. 根据权利要求1或8所述的光学系统，其特征在于，满足以下关系：
    -33＜f56/(CT5-CT6)＜-12；
    其中，f56为所述第五透镜与所述第六透镜的组合焦距，CT5为所述第五透镜于光轴上的厚度，CT6为所述第六透镜于光轴上的厚度。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的光学系统，其特征在于，满足以下关系：
    4.0＜tan[(1/2)FOV]*TTL/Imgh＜4.5；
    其中，TTL为所述光学系统的光学总长，FOV为所述光学系统于对角线方向的最大视场角，Imgh 为所述光学系统于对角线方向的最大视场角所对应的像高。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的光学系统，其特征在于，所述第一透镜的物侧面为平面。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的光学系统，其特征在于，所述光学系统中至少一个透镜的物侧面和/或像侧面为非球面。
  14. 根据权利要求1所述的光学系统，其特征在于，包括光阑，所述光阑设置于所述第三透镜与所述第四透镜之间。
  15. 根据权利要求1所述的光学系统，其特征在于，所述光学系统中的各透镜的材质均为玻璃。
  16. 根据权利要求1所述的光学系统，其特征在于，满足以下至少一个关系：
    (dn/dt) 1/(nd 1-1)-α 1＝-1.2；
    -27.95≤(dn/dt) 2/(nd 2-1)-α 2≤-5.14；
    -8.07≤(dn/dt) 3/(nd 3-1)-α 3≤-1.2；
    -17.37≤(dn/dt) 4/(nd 4-1)-α 4≤-5.28；
    (dn/dt) 5/(nd 5-1)-α 5＝-12.99；及
    -7.84≤(dn/dt) 6/(nd 6-1)-α 6≤-5.93。
  17. 根据权利要求1所述的光学系统，其特征在于，满足以下至少一个关系：
    (dn/dt) 1+(nd 1-1)*α 1＝7.73；
    -1.27≤(dn/dt) 2+(nd 2-1)*α 2≤5.72；
    5.9≤(dn/dt) 3+(nd 3-1)*α 3≤7.73；
    2≤(dn/dt) 4+(nd 4-1)*α 4≤5.56；
    (dn/dt) 5+(nd 5-1)*α 5＝3.51；及
    5.60≤(dn/dt) 6+(nd 6-1)*α 6≤6.04。
  18. 根据权利要求1所述的光学系统，其特征在于，满足以下至少一个关系：
    -5.62≤V 3*f/f 3≤-0.8；
    -12.84≤V 4*f/f 4≤-3.44；及
    -8.16≤V 5*f/f 5≤-7.38。
  19. 一种摄像模组，其特征在于，包括感光元件及权利要求1-18任意一项所述的光学系统，所述感光元件设置于所述光学系统的像侧。
  20. 一种电子设备，包括壳体及权利要求19所述的摄像模组，所述摄像模组设置于所述壳体。
  21. 一种汽车，包括安装部及权利要求20所述的电子设备，所述电子设备设置于所述安装部。
PCT/CN2020/087575 2020-04-28 2020-04-28 光学系统、摄像模组、电子设备及汽车 WO2021217446A1 (zh)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CN2020/087575 WO2021217446A1 (zh) 2020-04-28 2020-04-28 光学系统、摄像模组、电子设备及汽车

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CN2020/087575 WO2021217446A1 (zh) 2020-04-28 2020-04-28 光学系统、摄像模组、电子设备及汽车

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2021217446A1 true WO2021217446A1 (zh) 2021-11-04

Family

ID=78331584

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2020/087575 WO2021217446A1 (zh) 2020-04-28 2020-04-28 光学系统、摄像模组、电子设备及汽车

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2021217446A1 (zh)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116372565A (zh) * 2023-06-05 2023-07-04 江西联益光学有限公司 一种分体式镜头的自动组装方法

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20130063829A1 (en) * 2011-09-14 2013-03-14 Samsung Techwin Co., Ltd. Fixed focus lens system
CN107783256A (zh) * 2016-08-24 2018-03-09 株式会社理光 摄像镜头、相机装置、车载相机装置、传感装置、车载传感装置
CN109445078A (zh) * 2018-11-05 2019-03-08 舜宇光学(中山)有限公司 超广角镜头
CN110308538A (zh) * 2018-03-27 2019-10-08 先进光电科技股份有限公司 光学成像系统

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20130063829A1 (en) * 2011-09-14 2013-03-14 Samsung Techwin Co., Ltd. Fixed focus lens system
CN107783256A (zh) * 2016-08-24 2018-03-09 株式会社理光 摄像镜头、相机装置、车载相机装置、传感装置、车载传感装置
CN110308538A (zh) * 2018-03-27 2019-10-08 先进光电科技股份有限公司 光学成像系统
CN109445078A (zh) * 2018-11-05 2019-03-08 舜宇光学(中山)有限公司 超广角镜头

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116372565A (zh) * 2023-06-05 2023-07-04 江西联益光学有限公司 一种分体式镜头的自动组装方法
CN116372565B (zh) * 2023-06-05 2023-09-01 江西联益光学有限公司 一种分体式镜头的自动组装方法

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2022032573A1 (zh) 光学系统、摄像模组、电子设备及汽车
CN113534409B (zh) 变焦光学系统、取像模组及电子设备
CN111856716A (zh) 光学系统、摄像模组、电子设备及汽车
WO2021217618A1 (zh) 光学系统、摄像模组、电子设备及汽车
CN112526722A (zh) 光学系统、取像模组及电子设备
CN111239970A (zh) 光学系统、摄像模组、电子装置及汽车
CN211627919U (zh) 光学系统、摄像模组、电子装置及汽车
WO2022016316A1 (zh) 光学镜头、取像模组、电子装置及驾驶装置
CN112835184A (zh) 光学系统、摄像模组、电子设备及汽车
CN111650723A (zh) 光学系统、摄像模组、电子设备及汽车
CN113391433A (zh) 光学镜头、摄像模组及电子设备
CN113534408B (zh) 光学系统、摄像模组及电子设备
CN212623310U (zh) 光学系统、摄像模组、电子设备及汽车
WO2021164013A1 (zh) 光学系统、摄像模组、电子装置及汽车
WO2021217446A1 (zh) 光学系统、摄像模组、电子设备及汽车
WO2021189463A1 (zh) 光学成像系统、成像模组、电子装置及驾驶装置
CN111239967A (zh) 光学系统、摄像模组、电子装置及汽车
CN113625430B (zh) 光学系统、取像模组、电子设备及载具
WO2023015511A1 (zh) 光学系统、取像模组、电子设备及载具
CN211786336U (zh) 光学系统、摄像模组、电子设备及汽车
CN212364695U (zh) 光学系统、摄像模组、电子设备及汽车
CN213903935U (zh) 光学系统、取像模组及电子设备
WO2022120678A1 (zh) 光学系统、取像模组及电子设备
CN115480365A (zh) 光学系统、取像模组及电子设备
CN211698381U (zh) 光学系统、摄像模组、电子装置及汽车

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 20934171

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 20934171

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1