WO2021213109A1 - 一种芳胺化合物、使用其的电子元件及电子装置 - Google Patents

一种芳胺化合物、使用其的电子元件及电子装置 Download PDF

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WO2021213109A1
WO2021213109A1 PCT/CN2021/082177 CN2021082177W WO2021213109A1 WO 2021213109 A1 WO2021213109 A1 WO 2021213109A1 CN 2021082177 W CN2021082177 W CN 2021082177W WO 2021213109 A1 WO2021213109 A1 WO 2021213109A1
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聂齐齐
曹佳梅
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陕西莱特光电材料股份有限公司
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Definitions

  • This application belongs to the technical field of organic materials, and specifically provides an aromatic amine compound, an electronic component and an electronic device using the same.
  • Such electronic components usually include a cathode and an anode arranged oppositely, and a functional layer arranged between the cathode and the anode.
  • the functional layer is composed of multiple organic or inorganic film layers, and generally includes an energy conversion layer, a hole transport layer between the energy conversion layer and the anode, and an electron transport layer between the energy conversion layer and the cathode.
  • the electronic element when it is an organic electroluminescence device, it generally includes an anode, a hole transport layer, an electroluminescence layer as an energy conversion layer, an electron transport layer, and a cathode that are stacked in sequence.
  • anode When voltage is applied to the cathode and anode, the two electrodes generate an electric field. Under the action of the electric field, the electrons on the cathode side move to the electroluminescent layer, the holes on the anode side also move to the light emitting layer, and the electrons and holes are combined in the electroluminescent layer. Excitons are formed, and the excitons are in an excited state to release energy to the outside, so that the electroluminescent layer emits light to the outside.
  • the purpose of this application is to provide an organic photoelectric material with excellent performance, which can be used as a hole transport layer in an electronic device.
  • the first aspect of the present application provides an aromatic amine compound, the aromatic amine compound having the structure shown in the following formula 1:
  • ring A is a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic hydrocarbon ring of 5 to 16 members;
  • L 1 , L 2 and L 3 are each independently a single bond, a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene group having 3 to 30 carbon atoms;
  • Ar 1 is selected from the following substituted or unsubstituted groups: alkyl groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl groups having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, aryl groups having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, and carbon atoms Heteroaryl groups ranging from 3 to 30;
  • R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are the same or different from each other, and are each independently selected from deuterium, halogen group, cyano group, cycloalkyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, and 2 to 20 carbon atoms
  • a 1, a 2, a 3, a 4 is the number of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 respectively;
  • a 1 and a 4 are each independently selected from 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4.
  • a 1 is greater than 1, any two R 1 are the same or different, or any two adjacent R 1 are connected to each other to form a carbon A saturated or unsaturated ring with 3-15 atoms;
  • a 4 is greater than 1, any two R 4 are the same or different, or any two adjacent R 4 are connected to each other to form a carbon 3-15 ring Saturated or unsaturated ring;
  • a 2 and a 3 are each independently selected from 0, 1, 2 or 3.
  • a 2 is greater than 1, any two R 2s are the same or different, or any two adjacent R 2s are connected to each other to form a carbon atom A saturated or unsaturated ring with a number of 3-15;
  • a 3 is greater than 1, any two R 3 are the same or different, or any two adjacent R 3 are connected to each other to form a saturated carbon atom with 3-15 Or unsaturated ring;
  • the substituents in the ring A are selected from the group consisting of deuterium, halogen groups, cyano groups, alkyl groups having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, aryl groups having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, carbon Heteroaryl groups with 3 to 18 atoms;
  • the substituents in the Ar 1 , L 1 , L 2 and L 3 are the same or different, and are each independently selected from the group consisting of deuterium, halogen group, cyano group, and the number of carbon atoms is 3 to 30 heteroaryl groups, the number of carbon atoms optionally substituted by 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 substituents independently selected from deuterium, fluorine, chlorine, cyano, methyl, and tert-butyl is An aryl group having 6 to 30, an alkyl group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, a heterocycloalkyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, having 7 to 15 carbon atoms.
  • an electronic component including an anode and a cathode that are opposed to each other, and a functional layer provided between the anode and the cathode; the functional layer includes the above-mentioned aromatic amine compound.
  • an electronic device including the above-mentioned electronic component.
  • the aromatic amine compound of the present application has large steric hindrance and strong rigidity, which makes it have excellent thermal stability.
  • the arylamine compound of the present application has two fluorene groups, and a large hindered cycloalkyl group is fused on the fluorene, so that the planar triarylamine is not prone to stacking.
  • the fused cycloalkyl has an electron-rich effect, which can effectively increase hole mobility, thereby reducing the driving voltage of electronic components.
  • the compound of the present application has a small intermolecular force, which can reduce the crystallinity of the molecule, improve the film-forming properties of the material, and thereby increase the life of the electronic component.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an organic electroluminescent device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a photoelectric conversion device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Anode; 200 cathode; 300, functional layer; 310, hole injection layer; 320, hole transport layer; 321, first hole transport layer; 322, second hole transport layer; 330, organic light emitting layer 340, electron transport layer; 350, electron injection layer; 360, photoelectric conversion layer; 400, first electronic device; 500, second electronic device.
  • the first aspect of the present application provides an aromatic amine compound, the aromatic amine compound has a structure shown in the following formula 1:
  • ring A is a substituted or unsubstituted 5-16 membered aliphatic hydrocarbon ring
  • L 1 , L 2 and L 3 are each independently a single bond, a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene group having 3 to 30 carbon atoms;
  • Ar 1 is selected from the following substituted or unsubstituted groups: alkyl groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl groups having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, aryl groups having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, and carbon atoms Heteroaryl groups ranging from 3 to 30;
  • R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are the same or different from each other, and are each independently selected from deuterium, halogen group, cyano group, cycloalkyl having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, and 2 to 20 carbon atoms
  • a 1, a 2, a 3, a 4 is the number of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 respectively;
  • a 1 and a 4 are each independently selected from 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4.
  • a 1 is greater than 1, any two R 1 are the same or different, or any two adjacent R 1 are connected to each other to form a carbon A saturated or unsaturated ring with 3-15 atoms;
  • a 4 is greater than 1, any two R 4 are the same or different, or any two adjacent R 4 are connected to each other to form a carbon 3-15 ring Saturated or unsaturated ring;
  • a 2 and a 3 are each independently selected from 0, 1, 2 or 3.
  • a 2 is greater than 1, any two R 2s are the same or different, or any two adjacent R 2s are connected to each other to form a carbon atom A saturated or unsaturated ring with a number of 3-15;
  • a 3 is greater than 1, any two R 3 are the same or different, or any two adjacent R 3 are connected to each other to form a saturated carbon atom with 3-15 Or unsaturated ring;
  • the substituents in the ring A are selected from the group consisting of deuterium, halogen groups, cyano groups, alkyl groups having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, aryl groups having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, carbon Heteroaryl groups with 3 to 18 atoms;
  • the substituents in the Ar 1 , L 1 , L 2 and L 3 are the same or different, and are each independently selected from the group consisting of deuterium, halogen group, cyano group, and the number of carbon atoms is 3 to 30 heteroaryl groups, the number of carbon atoms optionally substituted by 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 substituents independently selected from deuterium, fluorine, chlorine, cyano, methyl, and tert-butyl is An aryl group having 6 to 30, an alkyl group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, a heterocycloalkyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, having 7 to 15 carbon atoms.
  • the number of carbon atoms optionally substituted by 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 substituents independently selected from deuterium, fluorine, chlorine, cyano, methyl, and tert-butyl is 6-30
  • the aryl group means that the aryl group may be substituted by one or more of deuterium, fluorine, chlorine, cyano, methyl, and tert-butyl, or unsubstituted, and when the number of substituents on the aryl group is When it is 2 or more, the substituents may be the same or different.
  • the substituents in Ar 1 , L 1 , L 2 and L 3 are the same or different, and are each independently selected from the group consisting of deuterium, halogen group, cyano group, carbon atom
  • An alkyl group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, a heterocycloalkyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, an aralkyl group having 7 to 15 carbon atoms, and the number of carbon atoms is 4 to 15 heteroaralkyl groups, 6 to 30 aryl groups, 3 to 30 heteroaryl groups, 1 to 30 alkoxy groups, 1 to 30 carbon atoms 30 alkylthio group, 1-30 alkylsilyl group, 3-12 trialkylsilyl group, 18-24 triarylsilyl group, carbon number It is an aryloxy group having 6 to 30 and an arylthio group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms.
  • the aromatic amine compound of the present application has large steric hindrance and strong rigidity, which makes it have excellent thermal stability.
  • the arylamine compound of the present application has two fluorene groups, and a large hindered cycloalkyl group is fused on the fluorene, so that the planar triarylamine is not prone to stacking.
  • the fused cycloalkyl has an electron-rich effect, which can effectively increase hole mobility, thereby reducing the driving voltage of electronic components.
  • the compound of the present application has a small intermolecular force, which can reduce the crystallinity of the molecule, improve the film-forming properties of the material, and thereby increase the life of electronic components.
  • the aromatic amine compound is not
  • the ring A of Formula 1 is a substituted or unsubstituted 5- to 16-membered aliphatic hydrocarbon ring.
  • ring A is a polycyclic alkyl group, it will take a different shape due to different drawing methods.
  • ring A is an adamantyl group, the following structure
  • each... are independently” and “... are independently” and “... are independently selected from” are interchangeable, and should be understood in a broad sense, which can be either It means that in different groups, the specific options expressed between the same symbols do not affect each other, or it can mean that the specific options expressed between the same symbols do not affect each other in the same group.
  • each q is independently 0, 1, 2 or 3, and each R" is independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, fluorine, and chlorine", and its meaning is:
  • formula Q-1 represents q substituents R" on the benzene ring , Each R" can be the same or different, and the options of each R" do not affect each other;
  • formula Q-2 means that there are q substituents R" on each benzene ring of biphenyl, and R on two benzene rings The number q of "substituents can be the same or different, and each R" can be the same or different, and the options of each R" do not affect each other.
  • the number of carbon atoms of L 1 , L 2 , L 3 , Ar 1 , R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 refers to the number of all carbon atoms.
  • L 1 is a substituted arylene group having 12 carbon atoms, and all carbon atoms of the arylene group and the substituents thereon are 12.
  • Ar 1 is Then the number of carbon atoms is 7; L 1 is The number of carbon atoms is 12.
  • substituted or unsubstituted means that the functional group described after the term may or may not have the substituent Rc.
  • substituted or unsubstituted alkyl refers to an alkyl group having a substituent Rc or an unsubstituted alkyl group.
  • the above-mentioned substituents, namely Rc can be deuterium, cyano, halogen groups, alkyl groups with 1 to 15 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl groups with 3 to 20 carbon atoms, and those with 2 to 20 carbon atoms.
  • the heteroaryl group and heteroaralkyl group include at least one heteroatom of B, N, O, S, Se, P, and Si.
  • the "substituted" functional group may be substituted by one or more substituents in the above Rc, or by a substituent formed by connecting two or more substituents in the above Rc, among which 2 or more substituents Can be the same or different from each other.
  • examples of the substituent Rc include deuterium, cyano, halogen group, alkyl with 1 to 15 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl with 3 to 20 carbon atoms, and It is a heterocycloalkyl group having 2 to 20, an aralkyl group having 7 to 15 carbon atoms, a heteroaralkyl group having 4 to 15 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, and the number of carbon atoms is Heteroaryl groups having 3 to 30, alkoxy groups having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, alkylthio groups having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, alkylsilyl groups having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, and carbon atoms: A trialkylsilyl group having 3 to 12, a triarylsilyl group having 18 to 24 carbon atoms, an aryloxy group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, and an arylthio group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms.
  • examples of the substituent Rc include deuterium, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, tert-butyl, phenyl, naphthyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, carbazolyl, two Benzofuranyl, dibenzothienyl, cyclohexyl, pyridyl, trimethylsilyl, triphenylsilyl, fluorine, anthracenyl, phenanthryl, silyl and cyano.
  • the alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms may be a straight-chain alkyl group or a branched-chain alkyl group.
  • the alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms may be a straight chain alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or a branched chain alkyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms; furthermore, it may have 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
  • the alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms may be methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, and isopentyl.
  • the alkyl group may have 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
  • a numerical range such as “1 to 10” refers to each integer in a given range; for example, “1 to “10 carbon atoms” means that it can contain 1 carbon atom, 2 carbon atoms, 3 carbon atoms, 4 carbon atoms, 5 carbon atoms, 6 carbon atoms, 7 carbon atoms, 8 carbon atoms, 9 A carbon atom, an alkyl group of 10 carbon atoms.
  • the alkyl group may also be a lower alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
  • the alkyl group may be substituted or unsubstituted.
  • the alkyl group is selected from alkyl groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. Specific examples include, but are not limited to, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, and sec-butyl. Group, tert-butyl, pentyl and hexyl.
  • hetero means that a functional group includes at least one heteroatom such as B, N, O, S, or P, and the remaining atoms are carbon and hydrogen.
  • the unsubstituted alkyl group may be a "saturated alkyl group" without any double or triple bonds.
  • Cycloalkyl refers to a saturated hydrocarbon group containing one or more rings in its molecular structure.
  • cycloalkyl refers to a saturated hydrocarbon containing an alicyclic structure, including monocyclic and condensed ring structures.
  • the cycloalkyl group may have 3 to 20 ring-forming carbon atoms, and a numerical range such as “3 to 20” refers to each integer in the given range; for example, "3 to 20 carbon atoms" means that it may contain 3 carbons.
  • the cycloalkyl group may be a small ring, an ordinary ring, or a large ring having 3 to 20 carbon atoms. Cycloalkyl groups can also be classified as monocyclic-only one ring, bicyclic-two rings, or polycyclic-three or more rings.
  • Cycloalkyl groups can also be divided into two rings sharing one carbon atom-a spiro ring, two rings sharing two carbon atoms-a fused ring, and two rings sharing two or more carbon atoms-a bridged ring.
  • cycloalkyl groups may be substituted or unsubstituted.
  • the cycloalkyl group is selected from cycloalkyl groups having 3 to 15 carbon atoms. Specific examples include, but are not limited to, cyclopropanyl, cyclobutanyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexane and adamantyl .
  • Heterocycloalkyl refers to a group in which at least one carbon atom in a cycloalkyl group is replaced by a heteroatom N, O, P, S, or Si.
  • the number of carbon atoms in the heterocycloalkyl group may be 1 to 10, and it may be 3, 4, 5, or 10. Of course, it can also be other numbers, which are not specifically limited here.
  • an aryl group refers to an optional functional group or substituent derived from an aromatic hydrocarbon ring.
  • the aryl group can be a monocyclic aryl group or a polycyclic aryl group.
  • the aryl group can be a monocyclic aryl group, a condensed ring aryl group, two or more monocyclic aryl groups conjugated by a carbon-carbon bond, and A monocyclic aryl group and a condensed ring aryl group conjugated by carbon bonds, and two or more fused ring aryl groups conjugated by a carbon-carbon bond. That is, two or more aromatic groups conjugated through carbon-carbon bonds can also be regarded as aryl groups in the present application.
  • the aryl group does not contain heteroatoms such as B, N, O, S, or P.
  • phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, etc. are aryl groups.
  • aryl groups may include phenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, anthracenyl, phenanthryl, biphenyl, terphenyl, tetraphenyl, pentaphenyl, hexaphenyl, benzo[9,10 ]Phenanthryl, pyrenyl, benzofluoranthene, Groups, fluorenyl groups, phenyl-substituted naphthyl groups, naphthyl-substituted phenyl groups, phenanthryl-substituted phenyl groups, phenyl-substituted phenanthrenyl groups, and combinations of the foregoing groups, etc., are not limited thereto
  • the "aryl group" in the present application may contain 6-30 carbon atoms. In some embodiments, the number of carbon atoms in the aryl group may be 6-25. In other embodiments, the number of carbon atoms in the aryl group may be It is 6-18. In other embodiments, the number of carbon atoms in the aryl group may be 6-13. For example, the number of carbon atoms in an aryl group can be 6, 12, 13, 14, 15, 18, 20, 25 or 30. Of course, the number of carbon atoms can also be other numbers. I will not list them all here.
  • a substituted aryl group means that one or more hydrogen atoms in the aryl group are replaced by other groups.
  • at least one hydrogen atom is replaced by a deuterium atom, F, Cl, Br, I, CN, hydroxyl, branched alkyl, linear alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxy, aryl, heteroaryl or other groups .
  • the substituted aryl group with 18 carbon atoms means that the total number of carbon atoms of the aryl group and the substituent on the aryl group is 18.
  • the number of carbon atoms of 9,9-dimethylfluorenyl is 15.
  • Substituted aryl groups include, but are not limited to, the following groups: dibenzofuranyl-substituted phenyl groups, dibenzothienyl-substituted phenyl groups, and carbazolyl-substituted phenyl groups.
  • This group is a carbazolyl substituted phenyl group with 18 carbon atoms; This group is a triphenylsilyl substituted phenyl group with 24 carbon atoms.
  • the aryl group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms can be selected from phenyl, naphthyl, pyrenyl, fluorenyl, dimethylfluorenyl, benzofluorenyl, spirobifluorenyl, Anthryl, benzoanthracenyl, fluoranthene, phenanthryl, Group, chamomile, acenaphthyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, tetraphenyl, 1,3,5-triphenylphenyl, perylene, triphenylene, pyrenyl, indenyl, indenofluorenyl One of, phenanthrylphenyl, phenylphenanthryl, phenylnaphthyl, naphthylphenyl, phenylanthryl, anthrylphenyl, phenylfluorenyl, phenylpyrenyl and pyreny
  • aryl groups as substituents include but are not limited to: phenyl, naphthyl, phenanthryl, anthracenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, triphenylene, dimethylfluorenyl, and the like.
  • the heteroaryl group may be a heteroaryl group including at least one of B, O, N, P, Si, and S as a heteroatom.
  • the heteroaryl group can be a monocyclic heteroaryl group or a polycyclic heteroaryl group.
  • the heteroaryl group can be a single aromatic ring system or multiple aromatic ring systems conjugated through carbon-carbon bonds, and any aromatic
  • the ring system is an aromatic monocyclic ring or an aromatic fused ring.
  • heteroaryl groups may include thienyl, furyl, pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, thiazolyl, oxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, triazolyl, pyridyl, bipyridyl, pyrimidinyl, triazinyl, Acridinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrazinyl, quinolinyl, quinazolinyl, quinoxalinyl, phenoxazinyl, phthalazinyl, pyridopyrimidinyl, pyridopyrazinyl, pyrazinopyrazine Azinyl, isoquinolinyl, indolyl, carbazolyl, N-arylcarbazolyl (for example: N-phenylcarbazolyl, N-naphthylcarbazolyl), N-heteroarylcarbazole Group, N-alkylcargo
  • thienyl, furyl, phenanthrolinyl, etc. are heteroaryl groups of a single aromatic ring system
  • N-arylcarbazolyl for example: N-phenylcarbazolyl, N-naphthylcarbazolyl
  • N-heteroarylcarbazolyl phenyl-substituted dibenzofuranyl, etc.
  • the "heteroaryl group” in the present application may contain 3-30 carbon atoms. In some embodiments, the number of carbon atoms in the heteroaryl group may be 3-25.
  • the carbon atoms in the aryl group The number can be 3-20. In other embodiments, the number of carbon atoms in the aryl group can be 12-20.
  • the number of carbon atoms in a heteroaryl group can be 3, 4, 5, 7, 12, 13, 18, 20, 24, 25 or 30. Of course, the carbon atoms The number can also be other numbers, which will not be listed here.
  • a substituted heteroaryl group means that one or more hydrogen atoms in a heteroaryl group are replaced by its group, for example, at least one hydrogen atom is replaced by a deuterium atom, a halogen group, a cyano group, an alkyl group , Haloalkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, alkoxy, alkylthio, aryloxy, arylthio, silyl, arylsilyl, phosphoroxy or other group substitutions.
  • heteroaryl groups as substituents include, but are not limited to, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothienyl, carbazolyl, N-phenylcarbazolyl, phenanthrolinyl, acridine Kei and so on.
  • This group is a phenyl-substituted carbazolyl group with 18 carbon atoms.
  • the explanation of the aryl group can be applied to the arylene group, and the explanation of the heteroaryl group also applies to the heteroarylene group.
  • the halogen group can be fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine.
  • the heteroaryl group having 3 to 30 carbon atoms can be selected from dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothienyl, carbazolyl, pyridyl, quinolinyl, and dibenzofuran.
  • phenyl group, dibenzothienyl phenyl group, N-phenylcarbazolyl group, pyridyl phenyl group, triazinyl group and triazinyl phenyl group can be selected from dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothienyl, carbazolyl, pyridyl, quinolinyl, and dibenzofuran.
  • phenyl group, dibenzothienyl phenyl group, N-phenylcarbazolyl group, pyridyl phenyl group, triazinyl group and triazinyl phenyl group is selected from dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothienyl, carbazolyl, pyridyl
  • said a 1 , a 2 , a 3 and a 4 are independently selected from 0, 1 or 2
  • R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are the same or different, and Each is independently selected from the group consisting of deuterium, halogen group, cyano, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, biphenyl, naphthyl, terphenyl, carbazolyl, dibenzo Furanyl, dibenzothienyl.
  • a 1 , a 2 , a 3 and a 4 are all 0.
  • the ring A is substituted or unsubstituted cyclopentane, substituted or unsubstituted cyclohexane, substituted or unsubstituted cycloheptane, substituted or unsubstituted cyclooctane , Substituted or unsubstituted norbornane, substituted or unsubstituted adamantane.
  • the ring A is an unsubstituted 5- to 10-membered aliphatic hydrocarbon ring, wherein the 5- to 10-membered aliphatic hydrocarbon ring refers to an aliphatic hydrocarbon having 5 to 10 ring carbon atoms ring.
  • the ring A is selected from the group consisting of the groups represented by the following formula 2-1 to formula 2-4:
  • L 1 , L 2 and L 3 are each independently a single bond, a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group having 6 to 25 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted carbon atom number It is a 3-25 heteroarylene group.
  • the substituents in L 1 , L 2 and L 3 are each independently selected from deuterium, fluorine, cyano, aryl groups having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, heteroaryl groups having 12 to 20 carbon atoms, and carbon A trialkylsilyl group having 3 to 6 atoms and a triarylsilyl group having 18 to 24 carbon atoms.
  • the substituents in L 1 , L 2 and L 3 include but are not limited to: deuterium, fluorine, cyano, phenyl, naphthyl, biphenyl, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl Propyl, tert-butyl.
  • L 1 , L 2 and L 3 are each independently selected from a single bond, a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, and a substituted or unsubstituted carbon atom number of 3-20 Heteroarylene.
  • L 1 , L 2 and L 3 are each independently selected from a single bond, a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted carbon number of 3 to 18 The heteroarylene.
  • L 1 , L 2 and L 3 are each independently selected from a single bond, a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group having 6 to 15 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted carbon number of 12 to 18.
  • the heteroarylene is independently selected from a single bond, a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group having 6 to 15 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted carbon number of 12 to 18.
  • the heteroarylene is independently selected from a single bond, a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group having 6 to 15 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted carbon number of 12 to 18.
  • L 1 , L 2 and L 3 are each independently selected from a single bond, a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms.
  • L 1 , L 2 and L 3 are each independently a single bond, a substituted or unsubstituted phenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted naphthylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted subunit Phenyl, substituted or unsubstituted terphenylene, substituted or unsubstituted fluorenylene, substituted or unsubstituted anthrylene, substituted or unsubstituted phenanthrylene, substituted or unsubstituted carbazolylidene, Substituted or unsubstituted dibenzofuranyl, substituted or unsubstituted dibenzothienyl, substituted or unsubstituted pyridinylene, substituted or unsubstituted pyrimidinylene, or substituted or unsubstituted triazine Group; or, the L 1 , L 2 and L 3 are each independently a single bond, a substituted
  • the substituents in L 1 , L 2 and L 3 are the same or different, and are each independently selected from deuterium, fluorine, cyano, C1-C5 alkyl, C6-C12 Aryl; preferably, the substituents in L 1 , L 2 and L 3 are independently selected from deuterium, fluorine, cyano, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, tert-butyl, Phenyl, naphthyl, biphenyl.
  • L 1 , L 2 and L 3 are each independently a single bond, or are selected from the group consisting of groups represented by chemical formula j-1 to chemical formula j-14:
  • M 2 is selected from a single bond or Represents a chemical bond
  • Q 1 ⁇ Q 5 and Q '1 ⁇ Q' 5 are each independently selected from N or C (J 5), and in Q 1 ⁇ Q 5 is selected from at least one N; when two or more of Q 1 ⁇ Q 5 when selected from C (J 5), any two J 5 same or different, when Q '1 ⁇ Q' is selected from two or more of C (J 5), any two J 5 identical or different ;
  • Q 6 to Q 13 are each independently selected from N, C or C(J 6 ), and at least one of Q 6 to Q 13 is selected from N; when two or more of Q 6 to Q 13 are selected from C(J 6 ), any two J 6 are the same or different;
  • Q 14 to Q 23 are each independently selected from N, C or C (J 7 ), and at least one of Q 14 to Q 23 is selected from N; when two or more of Q 14 to Q 23 are selected from C (J 7 ), any two J 7s are the same or different;
  • Q 24 to Q 33 are each independently selected from N, C or C(J 8 ), and at least one of Q 24 to Q 33 is selected from N; when two or more of Q 24 to Q 33 are selected from C(J 8 ), any two J 8s are the same or different;
  • E 1 ⁇ E 14 , J 5 ⁇ J 9 are each independently selected from: hydrogen, deuterium, halogen group, cyano group, heteroaryl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, optionally with 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 substituents selected from the group consisting of deuterium, fluorine, chlorine, cyano, methyl, and tert-butyl aryl groups with 6 to 20 carbon atoms, trioxanes with 3 to 12 carbon atoms Cycloalkyl group, alkyl group having 1-10 carbon atoms, haloalkyl group having 1-10 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl group having 3-10 carbon atoms, heterocycloalkyl group having 2-10 carbon atoms , Alkoxy with 1 to 10 carbon atoms, alkylthio with 1 to 10 carbon atoms, aryloxy with 6 to 18 carbon atoms, arylthio with 6 to 18 carbon atoms, carbon A phosphino group with 6 to 18 atoms,
  • E 1 to E 14 when any one of E 1 to E 14 is independently selected from aryl groups having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, E 1 to E 3 and E 14 are not aryl groups;
  • E r represents any integer of 1 to 14, E r E r represents the number of substituents; when r is selected from 1,2, When 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 13, or 14, e r is selected from 1, 2, 3 or 4; when r is selected from 7 or 11, e r is selected from 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6; when r is 12, e r is selected from 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7; when r is selected from 8 or 10, e r is selected from 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 , 7 or 8; when e r is greater than 1, any two E r are the same or different;
  • K 3 is selected from O, S, Se, N (E 15 ), C (E 16 E 17 ), Si (E 18 E 19 ); wherein, E 15 , E 16 , E 17 , E 18 and E 19 are each independent Is selected from: aryl groups having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, heteroaryl groups having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, alkyl groups having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl groups having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, Heterocycloalkyl having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, or E 16 and E 17 are connected to each other to form a saturated or unsaturated ring with 3 to 15 carbon atoms, or E 18 and E 19 Connected to each other to form a saturated or unsaturated ring with 3 to 15 carbon atoms with the atoms that are connected to them in common;
  • K 4 is selected from single bond, O, S, Se, N (E 20 ), C (E 21 E 22 ), Si (E 23 E 24 ); wherein, E 20 to E 24 are each independently selected from: carbon atoms An aryl group having 6 to 20, a heteroaryl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, and a carbon number of 2 to 10 heterocycloalkyl, or E 21 and E 22 are connected to each other to form a saturated or unsaturated ring with 3 to 15 carbon atoms, or E 23 and E 24 are connected to each other to share with them The connected atoms form a saturated or unsaturated ring with 3 to 15 carbon atoms.
  • L 1 , L 2 and L 3 are each independently a single bond, or are selected from the group consisting of the following groups:
  • L 1 , L 2 and L 3 are each independently a single bond, or are selected from the group consisting of the following groups:
  • Ar 1 is selected from substituted or unsubstituted aryl groups having 6 to 25 carbon atoms, and substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl groups having 3 to 25 carbon atoms.
  • the substituents in Ar 1 are selected from deuterium, fluorine, cyano, alkyl groups having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl groups having 3 to 15 carbon atoms, and aryl groups having 6 to 20 carbon atoms. , Heteroaryl groups having 12 to 20 carbon atoms, trialkylsilyl groups having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, and triarylsilyl groups having 18 to 24 carbon atoms.
  • the substituents of Ar 1 include but are not limited to: deuterium, fluorine, cyano, phenyl, naphthyl, phenanthryl, biphenyl, terphenyl, dimethylfluorenyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzofuran Benzothienyl, carbazolyl, N-phenylcarbazolyl, N-naphthylcarbazolyl, trimethylsilyl, triphenylsilyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexane, adamantyl .
  • Ar 1 is selected from substituted or unsubstituted aryl groups having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, and substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl groups having 5 to 20 carbon atoms.
  • the substituents of Ar 1 include but are not limited to: deuterium, fluorine, cyano, phenyl, naphthyl, phenanthryl, biphenyl, terphenyl, dimethylfluorenyl, phenanthroline, Dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothienyl, carbazolyl, N-phenylcarbazolyl, N-naphthylcarbazolyl, trimethylsilyl, triphenylsilyl.
  • the Ar 1 is selected from the group consisting of the following groups, but is not limited to this:
  • M 1 is selected from a single bond or
  • G 1 ⁇ G 5 and G '1 ⁇ G' 4 are each independently selected from N, C, or C (J 1), and in G 1 ⁇ G 5 is selected from at least one N; when the two G 1 ⁇ G 5 When more than one is selected from C(J 1 ), any two J 1 are the same or different;
  • G 6 to G 13 are each independently selected from N, C or C(J 2 ), and at least one of G 6 to G 13 is selected from N; when two or more of G 6 to G 13 are selected from C(J 2 ), any two J 2 are the same or different;
  • G 14 to G 23 are each independently selected from N, C or C(J 3 ), and at least one of G 14 to G 23 is selected from N; when two or more of G 14 to G 23 are selected from C(J 3 ), any two J 3 are the same or different;
  • G 24 to G 33 are each independently selected from N, C or C(J 4 ), and at least one of G 24 to G 33 is selected from N; when two or more of G 24 to G 33 are selected from C(J 4 ), any two J 4 are the same or different;
  • Z 1 is selected from hydrogen, deuterium, halogen group, cyano group, trialkylsilyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and haloalkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms , Cycloalkyl groups with 3-10 carbon atoms, alkoxy groups with 1-10 carbon atoms, alkylthio groups with 1-10 carbon atoms, triarylsilyl groups with 18-24 carbon atoms;
  • Z 2 to Z 9 and Z 21 are each independently selected from: hydrogen, deuterium, halogen group, cyano group, trialkylsilyl group having 3-12 carbon atoms, triarylsilyl group having 18-24 carbon atoms Group, C1-C10 alkyl group, C1-C10 haloalkyl group, C3-C10 cycloalkyl group, C1-C10 alkoxy group, carbon atom Alkylthio group having 1 to 10, heteroaryl group having 3 to 18 carbon atoms;
  • Z 10 to Z 20 and J 1 to J 4 are each independently selected from: hydrogen, deuterium, halogen group, cyano group, trialkylsilyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, and one having 1 to 10 carbon atoms Alkyl group, haloalkyl group having 1-10 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl group having 3-10 carbon atoms, alkoxy group having 1-10 carbon atoms, alkylthio group having 1-10 carbon atoms, The number of carbon atoms optionally substituted with 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 substituents independently selected from deuterium, fluorine, chlorine, cyano, methyl, ethyl, and tert-butyl is 6-18
  • h 1 ⁇ h 21 are represented by h k
  • Z 1 ⁇ Z 21 are represented by Z k
  • k is a variable, representing any integer from 1 to 21
  • h k is the number of substituents Z k ; wherein, when k is selected from 5 Or when 17, h k is selected from 1, 2 or 3; when k is selected from 2, 7, 8, 12, 15, 16, 18 or 21, h k is selected from 1, 2, 3 or 4; when k is selected When 1, 3, 4, 6, 9 or 14, h k is selected from 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5; when k is 13, h k is selected from 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6; When k is selected from 10 or 19, h k is selected from 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7; when k is 20, h k is selected from 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 Or 8; when k is 11, h k is selected from 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9; and when h k is greater than 1, any two Z k are the same or different;
  • K 1 is selected from O, S, N (Z 22 ), C (Z 23 Z 24 ), Si (Z 28 Z 29 ); wherein, Z 22 , Z 23 , Z 24 , Z 28 , and Z 29 are each independently selected From: an aryl group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, a heteroaryl group having 3 to 18 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, or the above Z 23 and Z 24 are connected to each other to form a saturated or unsaturated ring with 3 to 15 carbon atoms with the atoms connected to them, or the above-mentioned Z 28 and Z 29 are connected to each other to form a carbon atom number with their commonly connected atoms A saturated or unsaturated ring of 3-15;
  • K 2 is selected from a single bond, O, S, N (Z 25 ), C (Z 26 Z 27 ), Si (Z 30 Z 31 ); wherein, Z 25 , Z 26 , Z 27 , Z 30 , and Z 31 are each Independently selected from: aryl groups having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, heteroaryl groups having 3 to 18 carbon atoms, alkyl groups having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or cycloalkyl groups having 3 to 10 carbon atoms , Or the above-mentioned Z 26 and Z 27 are connected to each other to form a saturated or unsaturated ring with 3 to 15 carbon atoms, or the above-mentioned Z 30 and Z 31 are connected to each other to form a shared atom with them A saturated or unsaturated ring having 3 to 15 carbon atoms.
  • the ring refers to a saturated or unsaturated ring, for example Etc., but not limited to this.
  • the ring formed above is a 3- to 10-membered ring.
  • Ar 1 is selected from the group consisting of the following groups:
  • the Ar 1 is selected from the group consisting of the following groups, but is not limited to this:
  • the substituents in Ar 1 , L 1 , L 2 and L 3 are the same or different, and are independently selected from the group consisting of deuterium, fluorine, cyanide Group, trialkylsilyl group with 3 to 10 carbon atoms, triarylsilyl group with 18 to 24 carbon atoms, alkyl group with 1 to 5 carbon atoms, aryl group with 6 to 12 carbon atoms And a heteroaryl group having 3 to 18 carbon atoms.
  • the substituents in Ar 1 , L 1 , L 2 and L 3 are the same or different, and are independently selected from deuterium, fluorine, cyano, alkyl with 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and carbon atoms.
  • the aromatic amine compound is selected from the group consisting of the following compounds, but is not limited to this:
  • the present application also provides an electronic component.
  • the electronic component includes an anode and a cathode arranged opposite to each other, and a functional layer arranged between the anode and the cathode; the functional layer includes the above-mentioned aromatic amine compound.
  • the aromatic amine compound provided in the present application can be used to form at least one organic film layer in the functional layer to improve the voltage characteristics, efficiency characteristics, and life characteristics of electronic components.
  • the organic film layer containing the aromatic amine compound of the present application is located between the anode and the energy conversion layer of the electronic element, so as to improve the electron transport between the anode and the energy conversion layer.
  • the functional layer includes a hole transport layer, and the hole transport layer includes the above-mentioned aromatic amine compound.
  • the electronic component may be an organic electroluminescence device.
  • the organic electroluminescent device includes an anode 100 and a cathode 200 disposed oppositely, and a functional layer 300 disposed between the anode 100 and the cathode 200; the functional layer 300 includes the aromatic amine compound provided by the present application. .
  • the aromatic amine compound provided in the present application can be used to form at least one organic thin layer in the functional layer 300 to improve the lifetime characteristics and efficiency characteristics of the organic electroluminescent device and reduce the driving voltage; in some embodiments
  • the electrochemical stability and thermal stability of the organic electroluminescent device can also be improved, and the uniformity of the performance of the mass-produced organic electroluminescent device can be improved.
  • the functional layer 300 includes a hole transport layer 320, and the hole transport layer 320 includes the aromatic amine compound provided in the present application.
  • the hole transport layer 320 may be composed of the aromatic amine compound provided in the present application, or may be composed of the aromatic amine compound provided in the present application and other materials.
  • the hole transport layer 320 includes a first hole transport layer 321 and a second hole transport layer 322, and the first hole transport layer 321 is disposed on the surface of the second hole transport layer 322 close to the anode 100;
  • a hole transport layer 321 and/or a second hole transport layer 322 includes the aromatic amine compound provided in the present application.
  • either the first hole transport layer 321 or the second hole transport layer 322 may contain the aromatic amine compound provided in the present application, or the first hole transport layer 321 and the second hole transport layer 322 All contain the aromatic amine compound provided by this application.
  • the first hole transport layer 321 and/or the second hole transport layer 322 may or may not contain other materials.
  • the second hole transport layer 322 may serve as an electron blocking layer of the organic electroluminescent device.
  • the first hole transport layer is adjacent to the second hole transport layer, and is closer to the anode than the second hole transport layer.
  • the first hole transport layer contains the arylamine compound, and the organic electroluminescent device is a green or blue device.
  • the second hole transport layer contains the arylamine compound, and the organic electroluminescent device is a red light device.
  • an organic electroluminescent device may include an anode 100, a first hole transport layer 321, a second hole transport layer 322, and an organic light emitting layer 330 stacked in sequence. , The electron transport layer 340 and the cathode 200.
  • the arylamine compound provided in the present application can be applied to the first hole transport layer 321 and/or the second hole transport layer 322 of an organic electroluminescent device, and can effectively improve the hole characteristics of the organic electroluminescent device.
  • the hole characteristic means that the holes formed in the anode 100 are easily injected into the organic light emitting layer 330 and are transported in the organic light emitting layer 330 according to the conduction characteristic of the HOMO level.
  • the anode 100 includes the following anode material, which is preferably a material with a large work function (work function) that facilitates injection of holes into the functional layer.
  • anode materials include: metals such as nickel, platinum, vanadium, chromium, copper, zinc, and gold or their alloys; metal oxides such as zinc oxide, indium oxide, indium tin oxide (ITO), and indium zinc oxide (IZO); Combined metals and oxides such as ZnO:Al or SnO 2 :Sb; or conductive polymers such as poly(3-methylthiophene), poly[3,4-(ethylene-1,2-dioxy)thiophene ] (PEDT), polypyrrole and polyaniline, but not limited thereto.
  • a transparent electrode containing indium tin oxide (ITO) as an anode is preferable.
  • the organic light-emitting layer 330 may be composed of a single light-emitting material, and may also include a host material and a guest material.
  • the organic light-emitting layer 330 is composed of a host material and a guest material. The holes injected into the organic light-emitting layer 330 and the electrons injected into the organic light-emitting layer 330 can recombine in the organic light-emitting layer 330 to form excitons, and the excitons transfer energy to The host material, the host material transfers energy to the guest material, so that the guest material can emit light.
  • the host material of the organic light-emitting layer 330 can be a metal chelate compound, a bisstyryl derivative, an aromatic amine derivative, a dibenzofuran derivative, or other types of materials, which are not particularly limited in this application.
  • the host material of the organic light-emitting layer 330 may be CBP.
  • the host material of the organic light-emitting layer 330 may be ⁇ , ⁇ -ADN.
  • the guest material of the organic light-emitting layer 330 can be a compound with a condensed aryl ring or a derivative thereof, a compound with a heteroaryl ring or a derivative thereof, an aromatic amine derivative or other materials, and this application does not make any special considerations for this. limit.
  • the guest material of the organic light-emitting layer 330 may be Ir(flq) 2 (acac).
  • the guest material of the organic light-emitting layer 330 may be BD-6MDPA.
  • the electron transport layer 340 may be a single-layer structure or a multilayer structure, and it may include one or more electron-transporting materials.
  • the electron-transporting materials may be selected from benzimidazole derivatives, oxadiazole derivatives, and quinoxalines. Derivatives or other electronic transmission materials, this application does not impose special restrictions on this.
  • the electron transport layer 340 may be composed of BP4mPy and LiQ.
  • the cathode 200 includes the following cathode material, which is a material with a small work function that facilitates injection of electrons into the functional layer.
  • cathode materials include: metals such as magnesium, calcium, sodium, potassium, titanium, indium, yttrium, lithium, gadolinium, aluminum, silver, tin and lead or their alloys; or multilayer materials such as LiF/Al, Liq/ Al, LiO 2 /Al, LiF/Ca, LiF/Al, and BaF 2 /Ca, but not limited thereto. It is preferable to include a metal electrode containing Mg-Ag alloy as a cathode.
  • a hole injection layer 310 may be further provided between the anode 100 and the first hole transport layer 321 to enhance the ability to inject holes into the first hole transport layer 321.
  • the hole injection layer 310 can be selected from benzidine derivatives, starburst arylamine compounds, phthalocyanine derivatives or other materials, which are not particularly limited in this application.
  • the hole injection layer 310 may be composed of m-MTDATA or HAT-CN.
  • an electron injection layer 350 may be further provided between the cathode 200 and the electron transport layer 340 to enhance the ability to inject electrons into the electron transport layer 340.
  • the electron injection layer 350 may include inorganic materials such as alkali metal sulfides and alkali metal halides, or may include complexes of alkali metals and organic substances.
  • the electron injection layer 350 may include Yb.
  • the electronic component may be a photoelectric conversion device.
  • the photoelectric conversion device may include an anode 100 and a cathode 200 disposed opposite to each other, and a functional layer 300 disposed between the anode 100 and the cathode 200.
  • the functional layer 300 contains the aromatic amine compound provided in the present application.
  • the arylamine compound provided in the present application can be used to form at least one organic thin layer in the functional layer 300 to improve the performance of the photoelectric conversion device, especially to increase the life of the photoelectric conversion device and increase the open circuit voltage of the photoelectric conversion device. Or improve the uniformity and stability of the performance of mass-produced photoelectric conversion devices.
  • the functional layer 300 includes a hole transport layer 320, and the hole transport layer 320 includes the aromatic amine compound of the present application.
  • the hole transport layer 320 may be composed of the aromatic amine compound provided in the present application, or may be composed of the aromatic amine compound provided in the present application and other materials.
  • the hole transport layer 320 includes a first hole transport layer 321 and a second hole transport layer 322 (as an electron blocking layer of the photoelectric conversion device), and the first hole transport layer 321 is disposed on the second hole
  • the transport layer 322 is close to the surface of the anode 100; the first hole transport layer 321 and/or the second hole transport layer 322 includes the aromatic amine compound provided in the present application.
  • the first hole transport layer 321 or the second hole transport layer 322 may contain the aromatic amine compound provided in the present application, or the first hole transport layer 321 and the second hole transport layer 322 All contain the aromatic amine compound provided by this application. It can be understood that the first hole transport layer 321 and/or the second hole transport layer 322 may or may not contain other materials.
  • the hole transport layer 320 may further include inorganic doping materials to improve the hole transport performance of the hole transport layer 320.
  • the photoelectric conversion device may include an anode 100, a hole transport layer 320, a photoelectric conversion layer 360, an electron transport layer 340, and a cathode 200 stacked in sequence.
  • the photoelectric conversion device may be a solar cell, especially an organic thin film solar cell.
  • a solar cell includes an anode 100, a first hole transport layer 321, and a second hole transport layer 322 (as an electron blocking layer of a photoelectric conversion device), which are stacked in sequence, The photoelectric conversion layer 360, the electron transport layer 340 and the cathode 200, wherein the second hole transport layer 322 contains the aromatic amine compound of the present application.
  • the embodiments of the present application also provide an electronic device, which includes any one of the electronic components described in the above-mentioned electronic component embodiments. Since the electronic device has any one of the electronic components described in the above-mentioned electronic component embodiments, it has the same beneficial effects, which will not be repeated here in this application.
  • the present application provides a first electronic device 400
  • the first electronic device 400 includes any one of the organic electroluminescent devices described in the foregoing organic electroluminescent device embodiments.
  • the electronic device 400 may be a display device, a lighting device, an optical communication device or other types of electronic equipment, for example, it may include but not limited to a computer screen, a mobile phone screen, a television, electronic paper, emergency lighting, light modules, etc. Since the first electronic device 400 has any one of the organic electroluminescent devices described in the above-mentioned organic electroluminescent device embodiments, it has the same beneficial effects, which will not be repeated here in this application.
  • the present application provides a second electronic device 500, and the second electronic device 500 includes any one of the photoelectric conversion devices described in the foregoing photoelectric conversion device embodiments.
  • the electronic device 500 may be solar power generation equipment, light detectors, fingerprint identification equipment, optical modules, CCD cameras, or other types of electronic equipment. Since the second electronic device 500 has any one of the photoelectric conversion devices described in the foregoing photoelectric conversion device embodiments, it has the same beneficial effects, which will not be repeated here in this application.
  • the compounds of the synthesis method not mentioned in this application are all raw material products obtained through commercial channels.
  • MC dichloromethane
  • rt room temperature
  • the magnesium bar (16.11 g, 671.16 mmol) and ether (120 mL) were placed in a round bottom flask dried under nitrogen protection, and iodine (120 mg) was added. Then, the ether (240 mL) solution containing the intermediate IM-B-1 (76.00 g, 284.06 mmol) was slowly dropped into the flask.
  • the intermediate IM-A-2 was prepared according to the same synthetic method as the intermediate IM-A-1.
  • the intermediate IM-A-3 was prepared according to the same synthetic method as the intermediate IM-B-2.
  • the intermediate IM-A-4 is prepared according to the same synthetic method as the intermediate IM-B-3.
  • intermediate IM-B use intermediate IM-D-2 instead of intermediate IM-B-3,2-amino-9,9' dimethylfluorene instead of raw material 4-aminobiphenyl to prepare intermediate IM-D.
  • intermediate IM-B-3 Refer to the synthesis method of intermediate IM-B-3, using intermediate IM-G-2 instead of intermediate IM-B-2, and using the same method to synthesize intermediate IM-G-3.
  • the intermediate is prepared by referring to the same synthetic method as the intermediate IM-A-1 Body IM-A-8.
  • the intermediate is prepared by referring to the same synthetic method as the intermediate IM-A-1 Body IM-A-9.
  • intermediate IM-A-11 was prepared according to the synthesis method of intermediate IM-B-2.
  • the intermediate IM-A-14 was prepared according to the synthesis method of the intermediate IM-B-3.
  • Table 3 Compound structure, number and characterization data
  • intermediate IM-B-4 Refer to the synthesis method of intermediate IM-B-4, the difference is that the intermediate 4 in the first column of Table 4 below replaces the intermediate IM-B-3, and the raw material 3 in the second column of the table replaces p-chlorophenylboronic acid, and the following table is synthesized Intermediate 5 shown in the third column.
  • Table 5 Compound coding, structure and characterization data
  • the anode is prepared by the following process: the thickness of ITO is The TOP substrate (manufactured by Corning) was cut into a size of 40mm (length) ⁇ 40mm (width) ⁇ 0.7mm (thickness), and the photolithography process was used to prepare it into an experimental substrate with cathode lap area, anode and insulating layer patterns , using ultraviolet ozone and O 2 :N 2 plasma for surface treatment to increase the work function of the anode (experimental substrate) and remove scum.
  • the thickness of ITO is The TOP substrate (manufactured by Corning) was cut into a size of 40mm (length) ⁇ 40mm (width) ⁇ 0.7mm (thickness), and the photolithography process was used to prepare it into an experimental substrate with cathode lap area, anode and insulating layer patterns , using ultraviolet ozone and O 2 :N 2 plasma for surface treatment to increase the work function of the anode (experimental substrate) and remove scum
  • the second hole transport layer (HTL2).
  • NPB NPB
  • the IVL performance of the device was analyzed under the condition of 10 mA/cm 2 , and the lifetime of the T95 device was tested at a constant current density of 20 mA/cm 2.
  • the operating voltage of the blue organic electroluminescent devices prepared according to Examples 1 to 7 is reduced by at least 0.27V, and the luminous efficiency (Cd/A) is increased by at least 7.14%. , The device life is increased by at least 5.6%.
  • the anode is prepared by the following process: the thickness of ITO is
  • the ITO substrate manufactured by Corning
  • the photolithography process was used to prepare it into an experimental substrate with cathode, anode and insulating layer patterns.
  • Ozone and O 2 :N 2 plasma are used for surface treatment to increase the work function of the anode (experimental substrate) and remove scum.
  • HTL2 The second hole transport layer
  • CBP 4,4'-N,N'-dicarbazole-biphenyl
  • BP4mPy and LiQ were mixed in a weight ratio of 1:1 and evaporated to form Thick electron transport layer (ETL), Yb is vapor-deposited on the electron transport layer to form a thickness of The electron injection layer (EIL) is then mixed with magnesium (Mg) and silver (Ag) at a deposition rate of 1:10, and then vacuum-evaporated on the electron injection layer to form a thickness of The cathode.
  • ETL Thick electron transport layer
  • Mg magnesium
  • Ag silver
  • the thickness of the vapor deposited on the above cathode is CP-1, forming a capping layer (CPL), thereby completing the manufacture of organic light-emitting devices.
  • the organic electroluminescence device was produced in the same manner as in Example 8, except that the compounds listed in Table 8 were used when forming the second hole transport layer (HTL2). Among them, the driving voltage, luminous efficiency, external quantum efficiency, and color coordinates are tested at a constant current density of 10 mA/cm 2 , and the lifetime of the T95 device is tested at a constant current density of 20 mA/cm 2 . And the IVL and device life data of the organic electroluminescent device are listed in Table 8.
  • the compounds listed in the examples of this application can prepare long-life red organic electroluminescent devices.
  • the reason is that the adamantyl group is added in the molecular design, which makes the molecule have better film-forming properties.
  • the decomposition temperature Tg of the compound can be increased, and the thermal stability of the material can be increased, thereby improving the life of the device.
  • Tg is measured by a thermal weight loss analyzer (TGA)
  • Te is the compound in the vapor deposition machine
  • the vapor deposition rate is The evaporation temperature at the time.
  • Example Compound Tg(°C) Te(°C) Example 34 Compound 4 148 239 Example 35 Compound 100 154 241 Example 36 Compound 119 162 253 Example 37 Compound 217 149 239 Example 38 Compound 487 157 240 Example 39 Compound 488 159 244 Comparative example 5 Compound B 118 267 Comparative example 6 Compound C 123 278
  • the compound of the present application has a lower possibility of decomposition during the evaporation film formation process of a high-temperature device, and has a higher resistance to crystallization in an electric Joule heat environment during device operation.
  • the compound of the present application Compared with the compound of the comparative example, the compound of the present application has a higher steric hindrance under the condition that the molecular weight is not much different, so that the vapor deposition temperature (Te) of the compound of the present application is reduced. Therefore, the compound of the present application has better thermal stability.

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Abstract

本申请属于有机材料领域，涉及一种芳胺化合物、使用其的电子元件及电子装置。该芳胺化合物具有如式1所示的结构。本申请的芳胺化合物作为空穴传输材料应用于OLED器件中，能够获得良好的器件性能，较低的电压。

Description

一种芳胺化合物、使用其的电子元件及电子装置
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2020年4月20日递交的申请号为CN202010313320.8的中国专利申请以及2020年9月27日递交的申请号为CN202011036168.X的中国专利申请的优先权，在此引用上述中国专利申请的内容全文以作为本申请的一部分。
技术领域
本申请属于有机材料技术领域，具体提供一种芳胺化合物、使用其的电子元件及电子装置。
背景技术
随着电子技术的发展和材料科学的进步，用于实现电致发光或者光电转化的电子元器件的应用范围越来越广泛。该类电子元器件通常包括相对设置的阴极和阳极，以及设置于阴极和阳极之间的功能层。该功能层由多层有机或者无机膜层组成，且一般包括能量转化层、位于能量转化层与阳极之间的空穴传输层、位于能量转化层与阴极之间的电子传输层。
举例而言，当电子元件为有机电致发光器件时，其一般包括依次层叠设置的阳极、空穴传输层、作为能量转化层的电致发光层、电子传输层和阴极。当阴阳两极施加电压时，两电极产生电场，在电场的作用下，阴极侧的电子向电致发光层移动，阳极侧的空穴也向发光层移动，电子和空穴在电致发光层结合形成激子，激子处于激发态向外释放能量，进而使得电致发光层对外发光。
目前，有机电致发光器件在高温下驱动时会出现工作电压上升、发光效率降低和寿命缩短等问题，导致有机电致发光器件的性能下降。
发明内容
本申请的目的在于提供一种性能优异的有机光电材料，可用作电子元件中的空穴传输层。
为了实现上述目的，本申请第一方面提供一种芳胺化合物，该芳胺化合物具有如下式1所示的结构：
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000001
其中，环A为取代或未取代的5～16元脂的肪烃环；
L 1、L 2和L 3各自独立地为单键、取代或未取代的碳原子数为6～30的亚芳基、取代或未取代的碳原子数为3～30的亚杂芳基；
Ar 1选自取代或未取代的以下基团：碳原子数为1～20的烷基、碳原子数为3～20的环烷基、碳原子数为6～30的芳基、碳原子数为3～30的杂芳基；
R 1、R 2、R 3和R 4彼此相同或不同，且各自独立地选自氘、卤素基团、氰基、碳原子数为3～20 的环烷基、碳原子数为2～20的杂环烷基、碳原子数为1～20的烷基、碳原子数为6～30的芳基、碳原子数为3～30的杂芳基；a 1、a 2、a 3、a 4分别是R 1、R 2、R 3和R 4的个数；
a 1和a 4各自独立地选自0、1、2、3或4，当a 1大于1时，任意两个R 1相同或者不相同，或者任意两个相邻的R 1相互连接形成碳原子数为3～15的饱和或不饱和环；当a 4大于1时，任意两个R 4相同或者不相同，或者任意两个相邻的R 4相互连接形成碳原子数为3～15的饱和或不饱和环；
a 2和a 3各自独立地选自0、1、2或3，当a 2大于1时，任意两个R 2相同或者不相同，或者，任意两个相邻的R 2相互连接形成碳原子数为3～15的饱和或不饱和环；当a 3大于1时，任意两个R 3相同或者不相同，或者任意两个相邻的R 3相互连接形成碳原子数为3～15的饱和或不饱和环；
所述环A中的取代基选自如下基团所组成的组：氘、卤素基团、氰基、碳原子数为1～15的烷基、碳原子数为6～12的芳基、碳原子数为3～18的杂芳基；
所述Ar 1、L 1、L 2和L 3中的取代基相同或不同，且各自独立地选自如下基团所组成的组：氘，卤素基团，氰基，碳原子数为3～30的杂芳基，任选地被0、1、2、3、4或5个独立选自氘、氟、氯、氰基、甲基、叔丁基的取代基所取代的碳原子数为6～30的芳基，碳原子数为1～15的烷基，碳原子数为3～20的环烷基，碳原子数为2～20的杂环烷基，碳原子数为7～15的芳烷基，碳原子数为4～15的杂芳烷基，碳原子数为1～30的烷氧基，碳原子数为1～30的烷硫基，碳原子数为1～30的烷基甲硅烷基，碳原子数为3～12的三烷基硅基，碳原子数为18～24的三芳基硅基，碳原子数为6～30的芳氧基，碳原子数为6～30的芳硫基。
根据本申请的第二个方面，提供一种电子元件，包括相对设置的阳极和阴极，以及设于所述阳极和所述阴极之间的功能层；所述功能层包含上述的芳胺化合物。
根据本申请的第三个方面，提供一种电子装置，包括上述的电子元件。
本申请的芳胺化合物具有较大的空间位阻及坚固的刚性，使其具有优良的热稳定性。不仅如此，本申请的芳胺化合物具有两个芴基团，并且芴上稠合有大位阻环烷基基团，使得平面的三芳基胺不容易产生堆叠。并且稠合的环烷基有富电子效应，可以有效提高空穴迁移率，从而降低电子元件的驱动电压。此外，本申请化合物分子间作用力小，能够降低分子的结晶性，提高材料的成膜性，进而提高电子元件的寿命。本申请的芳胺化合物用作电子元件的空穴传输材料时能够使器件降低电压、提高效率。
本申请的其他特征和优点将在随后的具体实施方式部分予以详细说明。
附图说明
附图是用来提供对本申请的进一步理解，并且构成说明书的一部分，与下面的具体实施方式一起用于解释本申请，但并不构成对本申请的限制。在附图中：
图1是本申请实施方式的一种有机电致发光器件的结构示意图。
图2是本申请实施方式的一种电子装置的结构示意图。
图3是本申请实施方式的一种光电转化器件的结构示意图。
图4是本申请实施方式的另一种电子装置的结构示意图。
附图标记说明
100、阳极；200、阴极；300、功能层；310、空穴注入层；320、空穴传输层；321、第一空穴传输层；322、第二空穴传输层；330、有机发光层；340、电子传输层；350、电子注入层；360、光电转化层；400、第一电子装置；500、第二电子装置。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本申请的具体实施方式进行详细说明。应当理解的是，此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于说明和解释本申请，并不用于限制本申请。
本申请第一方面提供一种芳胺化合物，该芳胺化合物具有如下式1所示的结构：
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000002
其中，环A为取代或未取代的5～16元的脂肪烃环；
L 1、L 2和L 3各自独立地为单键、取代或未取代的碳原子数为6～30的亚芳基、取代或未取代的碳原子数为3～30的亚杂芳基；
Ar 1选自取代或未取代的以下基团：碳原子数为1～20的烷基、碳原子数为3～20的环烷基、碳原子数为6～30的芳基、碳原子数为3～30的杂芳基；
R 1、R 2、R 3和R 4彼此相同或不同，且各自独立地选自氘、卤素基团、氰基、碳原子数为3～20的环烷基、碳原子数为2～20的杂环烷基、碳原子数为1～20的烷基、碳原子数为6～30的芳基、碳原子数为3～30的杂芳基；a 1、a 2、a 3、a 4分别是R 1、R 2、R 3和R 4的个数；
a 1和a 4各自独立地选自0、1、2、3或4，当a 1大于1时，任意两个R 1相同或者不相同，或者任意两个相邻的R 1相互连接形成碳原子数为3～15的饱和或不饱和环；当a 4大于1时，任意两个R 4相同或者不相同，或者任意两个相邻的R 4相互连接形成碳原子数为3～15的饱和或不饱和环；
a 2和a 3各自独立地选自0、1、2或3，当a 2大于1时，任意两个R 2相同或者不相同，或者，任意两个相邻的R 2相互连接形成碳原子数为3～15的饱和或不饱和环；当a 3大于1时，任意两个R 3相同或者不相同，或者任意两个相邻的R 3相互连接形成碳原子数为3～15的饱和或不饱和环；
所述环A中的取代基选自如下基团所组成的组：氘、卤素基团、氰基、碳原子数为1～15的烷基、碳原子数为6～12的芳基、碳原子数为3～18的杂芳基；
所述Ar 1、L 1、L 2和L 3中的取代基相同或不同，且各自独立地选自如下基团所组成的组：氘，卤素基团，氰基，碳原子数为3～30的杂芳基，任选地被0、1、2、3、4或5个独立选自氘、氟、氯、氰基、甲基、叔丁基的取代基所取代的碳原子数为6～30的芳基，碳原子数为1～15的烷基，碳原子数为3～20的环烷基，碳原子数为2～20的杂环烷基，碳原子数为7～15的芳烷基，碳原子数为4～15的杂芳烷基，碳原子数为1～30的烷氧基，碳原子数为1～30的烷硫基，碳原子数为1～30的烷基甲硅烷基，碳原子数为3～12的三烷基硅基，碳原子数为18～24的三芳基硅基、碳原子数为6～30的芳氧基，碳原子数为6～30的芳硫基。
其中，“任选地被0、1、2、3、4或5个独立选自氘、氟、氯、氰基、甲基、叔丁基的取代基所取代的碳原子数为6～30的芳基”是指芳基可以被氘、氟、氯、氰基、甲基、叔丁基中的一个或多个取代，也可以不被取代，且当芳基上的取代基的个数大于等于2时，取代基可以相同或不同。
可选地，所述Ar 1、L 1、L 2和L 3中的取代基相同或不同，且各自独立地选自如下基团所组成的组：氘、卤素基团、氰基、碳原子数为1～15的烷基、碳原子数为3～20的环烷基、碳原子数为2～20的杂环烷基、碳原子数为7～15的芳烷基、碳原子数为4～15的杂芳烷基、碳原子数为6～30的 芳基、碳原子数为3～30的杂芳基、碳原子数为1～30的烷氧基、碳原子数为1～30的烷硫基、碳原子数为1～30的烷基甲硅烷基、碳原子数为3～12的三烷基硅基、碳原子数为18～24的三芳基硅基、碳原子数为6～30的芳氧基、碳原子数为6～30的芳硫基。
本申请的芳胺化合物具有较大的空间位阻及坚固的刚性，使其具有优良的热稳定性。不仅如此，本申请的芳胺化合物具有两个芴基团，并且芴上稠合有大位阻环烷基基团，使得平面的三芳基胺不容易产生堆叠。并且稠合的环烷基有富电子效应，可以有效提高空穴迁移率，从而降低电子元件的驱动电压。此外，本申请化合物分子间作用力小，能够降低分子的结晶性，提高材料的成膜性，进而提高有电子元件的寿命。本申请的芳胺化合物用作电子元件的空穴传输材料时能够使器件降低电压、提高效率。
在本申请中的一种实施方式中，所述芳胺化合物不为
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000003
在本申请中，式1环A为取代或未取代的5～16元的脂肪烃环。当环A为多环烷基时，由于绘制方式不同，会呈现不同的形状。例如：当环A为金刚烷基时，以下结构
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000004
均为同一种结构。
当环A为降冰片烷基时，所示结构
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000005
均为同一种结构。
在本申请中，所采用的描述方式“各……独立地为”与“……分别独立地为”和“……独立地选自”可以互换，均应做广义理解，其既可以是指在不同基团中，相同符号之间所表达的具体选项之间互相不影响，也可以表示在相同的基团中，相同符号之间所表达的具体选项之间互相不影响。例如，
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000006
其中，各q独立地为0、1、2或3，各R”独立地选自氢、氘、氟、氯”，其含义是：式Q-1表示苯环上有q个取代基R”，各个R”可以相同也可以不同，每个R”的选项之间互不影响；式Q-2表示联苯的每一个苯环上有q个取代基R”，两个苯环上的R”取代基的个数q可以相同或不同，各个R”可以相同也可以不同，每个R”的选项之间互不影响。
在本申请中，L 1、L 2、L 3、Ar 1、R 1、R 2、R 3和R 4的碳原子数，指的是所有碳原子数。举例而言：L 1为取代的碳原子数为12的亚芳基，则亚芳基及其上的取代基的所有碳原子数为12。例如： Ar 1为
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000007
则其碳原子数为7；L 1为
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000008
其碳原子数为12。
在本申请中，“取代或未取代的”这样的术语是指，在该术语后面记载的官能团可以具有或不具有取代基Rc。例如，“取代或未取代的烷基”是指具有取代基Rc的烷基或者非取代的烷基。其中上述的取代基即Rc可以为氘，氰基，卤素基团，碳原子数为1～15的烷基，碳原子数为3～20的环烷基，，碳原子数为2～20的杂环烷基，碳原子数为7～15的芳烷基，碳原子数为4～15的杂芳烷基，碳原子数为3～30的杂芳基，碳原子数为1～30的烷氧基，碳原子数为1～30的烷硫基，碳原子数为1～30的烷基甲硅烷基，碳原子数为3～12的三烷基硅基，碳原子数为18～24的三芳基硅基，碳原子数为6～30的芳氧基，碳原子数为6～30芳硫基，任选地被0、1、2、3、4或5个选自氘、氟、氯、氰基、甲基、叔丁基的取代基所取代的碳原子数为6～30的芳基中的一种或几种。其中杂芳基、杂芳烷基包含B、N、O、S、Se、P和Si中的至少一者的杂原子。在本申请中，“取代的”官能团可以被上述Rc中的一个或2个以上取代基取代，或者被上述Rc中2个以上取代基连接而成的取代基取代，其中2个以上的取代基可以彼此相同或不同。
在本申请的具体实施方式中，取代基Rc的例子包括氘、氰基、卤素基团、碳原子数为1～15的烷基、碳原子数为3～20的环烷基、碳原子数为2～20的杂环烷基、碳原子数为7～15的芳烷基、碳原子数为4～15的杂芳烷基、碳原子数为6～30的芳基、碳原子数为3～30的杂芳基、碳原子数为1～30的烷氧基、碳原子数为1～30的烷硫基、碳原子数为1～30的烷基甲硅烷基、碳原子数为3～12的三烷基硅基、碳原子数为18～24的三芳基硅基、碳原子数为6～30的芳氧基、碳原子数为6～30的芳硫基。
在本申请的具体实施方式中，取代基Rc的例子包括氘、甲基、乙基、异丙基、叔丁基、苯基、萘基、联苯基、三联苯基、咔唑基、二苯并呋喃基、二苯并噻吩基、环己基、吡啶基、三甲基硅烷基、三苯基硅基、氟、蒽基、菲基、硅烷基和氰基。
在本申请中，碳原子数为1～20的烷基可以为直链烷基或支链烷基。具体而言，碳原子数为1～20的烷基可以为碳原子数1至20的直链烷基，或碳原子数3至20的支链烷基；进一步可以为碳原子数1至10的直链烷基，或碳原子数3至10的支链烷基。更具体而言，碳原子数为1～20的烷基可以为甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、叔丁基、正戊基、异戊基、新戊基、环戊基、己基、环己基、庚基、辛基、2-乙基己基、壬基、癸基、3,7-二甲基辛基、正十二烷基、正十四烷基、正十六烷基、正十八烷基等，但是，并不限定于此。在本申请的一种实施方式中，烷基可具有1至10个碳原子，在本申请中，诸如“1至10”的数值范围是指给定范围中的各个整数；例如，“1至10个碳原子”是指可包含1个碳原子、2个碳原子、3个碳原子、4个碳原子、5个碳原子、6个碳原子、7个碳原子、8个碳原子、9个碳原子、10个碳原子的烷基。烷基还可为具有1至6个碳原子的低级烷基。此外，烷基可为取代的或未取代的。
优选地，烷基选自碳原子数为1～6的烷基，具体施例包括但不限于，甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基、戊基和己基。
在本申请中，当没有另外提供具体的定义时，“杂”是指在一个官能团中包括至少1个B、N、O、S或P等杂原子且其余原子为碳和氢。未取代的烷基可以是没有任何双键或三键的“饱和烷基基团”。
“环烷基”是指分子结构中含有一个或者多个环的饱和烃类基团。在本申请中，环烷基指的是含 有脂环结构的饱和烃，包含单环和稠环结构。环烷基可具有成环碳原子3～20个，诸如“3至20”的数值范围是指给定范围中的各个整数；例如，“3至20个碳原子”是指可包含3个碳原子、4个碳原子、5个碳原子、6个碳原子、7个碳原子、8个碳原子、9个碳原子、10个碳原子、11个碳原子、12个碳原子、13个碳原子、14个碳原子、15个碳原子、16个碳原子、17个碳原子、18个碳原子、19个碳原子或20个碳原子的环烷基。环烷基可为具有3至20个碳原子的小环、普通环或大环。环烷基还可分为单环-只有一个环、双环-两个环、或多环-三个或以上环。环烷基还可分为两个环共用一个碳原子-螺环、两个环共用两个碳原子-稠环和两个环共用两个以上碳原子-桥环。此外，环烷基可为取代的或未取代的。
优选地，环烷基选自碳原子数为3～15的环烷基，具体实施例包括但不限于，环丙烷基、环丁烷基、环戊烷基、环己烷基和金刚烷基。
“杂环烷基”是指环烷基中至少一个碳原子被杂原子N、O、P、S或Si替换的基团。杂环烷基中的碳原子数可以是1至10个，其可以是3个、4个、5个或10个。当然，还可以是其他数量，在此不做特殊限定。
在本申请中，芳基指的是衍生自芳香烃环的任选官能团或取代基。芳基可以是单环芳基或多环芳基，换言之，芳基可以是单环芳基、稠环芳基、通过碳碳键共轭连接的两个或者多个单环芳基、通过碳碳键共轭连接的单环芳基和稠环芳基、通过碳碳键共轭连接的两个或者多个稠环芳基。即，通过碳碳键共轭连接的两个或者多个芳香基团也可以视为本申请的芳基。其中，芳基中不含有B、N、O、S或P等杂原子。举例而言，在本申请中，苯基、联苯基、三联苯基等为芳基。芳基的示例可以包括苯基、萘基、芴基、蒽基、菲基、联苯基、三联苯基、四联苯基、五联苯基、六联苯基、苯并[9,10]菲基、芘基、苯并荧蒽基、
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000009
基、芴基、苯基取代的萘基、萘基取代的苯基、菲基取代的苯基、苯基取代的菲基以及上述基团的组合等，而不限于此。本申请的“芳基”可含有6～30个碳原子，在一些实施例中，芳基中的碳原子数可以是6～25个，在另一些实施例中芳基中的碳原子数可以是6～18个，在另一些实施例中芳基中的碳原子数可以是6～13个。举例而言，芳基的碳原子数量可以是6个、12个、13个、14个、15个、18个、20个、25个或30个，当然，碳原子数还可以是其他数量，在此不再一一列举。
在本申请中，取代的芳基，指的是芳基中的一个或者多个氢原子被其它基团所取代。例如至少一个氢原子被氘原子、F、Cl、Br、I、CN、羟基、支链烷基、直链烷基、环烷基、烷氧基、芳基、杂芳基或者其他基团取代。可以理解的是，取代的碳原子数为18的芳基，指的是芳基和芳基上的取代基的碳原子总数为18个。举例而言，9,9-二甲基芴基的碳原子数为15。取代的芳基包括但不限于以下基团：二苯并呋喃基取代的苯基、二苯并噻吩基取代的苯基、咔唑基取代的苯基。
举例而言，
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000010
该基团为咔唑基取代的苯基，其碳原子数为18；
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000011
该基团为三苯基硅基取代的苯基，其碳原子数为24。
在本申请的具体实施方式中，碳原子数为6～30的芳基可以选自苯基、萘基、芘基、芴基、二甲基芴基、苯并芴基、螺二芴基、蒽基、苯并蒽基、荧蒽基、菲基、
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000012
基、甘菊环基、苊基、联苯基、三联苯基、四联苯基、1,3,5-三苯基苯基、苝基、三亚苯基、芘基、茚基、茚并芴基、菲基苯基、苯基菲基、苯基萘基、萘基苯基、苯基蒽基、蒽基苯基、苯基芴基、苯基芘基和芘基苯基中的一种或几种。
在本申请中，作为取代基的芳基具体实例包括并不限于：苯基、萘基、菲基、蒽基、联苯基、三联苯基、三亚苯基、二甲基芴基等等。
在本申请中，杂芳基可以是包括B、O、N、P、Si和S中的至少一个作为杂原子的杂芳基。杂芳基可以是单环杂芳基或多环杂芳基，换言之，杂芳基可以是单个芳香环体系，也可以是通过碳碳键共轭连接的多个芳香环体系，且任一芳香环体系为一个芳香单环或者一个芳香稠环。示例地，杂芳基可以包括噻吩基、呋喃基、吡咯基、咪唑基、噻唑基、噁唑基、噁二唑基、三唑基、吡啶基、联吡啶基、嘧啶基、三嗪基、吖啶基、哒嗪基、吡嗪基、喹啉基、喹唑啉基、喹喔啉基、吩噁嗪基、酞嗪基、吡啶并嘧啶基、吡啶并吡嗪基、吡嗪并吡嗪基、异喹啉基、吲哚基、咔唑基、N-芳基咔唑基(例如：N-苯基咔唑基、N-萘基咔唑基)、N-杂芳基咔唑基、N-烷基咔唑基、苯并噁唑基、苯并咪唑基、苯并噻唑基、苯并咔唑基、苯并噻吩基、二苯并噻吩基、噻吩并噻吩基、苯并呋喃基、菲咯啉基、异噁唑基、噻二唑基、苯并噻唑基、吩噻嗪基、二苯并甲硅烷基、二苯并呋喃基、苯基取代的二苯并呋喃基、苯基取代的二苯并噻吩基、苯基取代的咔唑基以及上述基团的组合等，而不限于此。其中，噻吩基、呋喃基、菲咯啉基等为单个芳香环体系的杂芳基，N-芳基咔唑基(例如：N-苯基咔唑基、N-萘基咔唑基)、N-杂芳基咔唑基、苯基取代的二苯并呋喃基等为通过碳碳键共轭连接的多个芳香环体系的杂芳基。本申请的“杂芳基”可含有3～30个碳原子，在一些实施例中，杂芳基中的碳原子数可以是3～25个，在另一些实施例中芳基中的碳原子数可以是3～20个，在另一些实施例中芳基中的碳原子数可以是12～20个。举例而言，杂芳基的碳原子数量可以是3个、4个、5个、7个、12个、13个、18个、20个、24个、25个或30个，当然，碳原子数还可以是其他数量，在此不再一一列举。
在本申请中，取代的杂芳基，指的是杂芳基中的一个或者多个氢原子被其基团所取代，例如至少一个氢原子被氘原子、卤素基团、氰基、烷基、卤代烷基、环烷基、杂环烷基、芳基、烷氧基、烷硫基、芳氧基、芳硫基、硅烷基、芳基甲硅烷基、磷氧基或者其他基团取代。
在本申请中，作为取代基的杂芳基，具体实例包括但不限于二苯并呋喃基、二苯并噻吩基、咔唑基、N-苯基咔唑基、菲咯啉基、吖啶基等等。
举例而言：
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000013
该基团为苯基取代的咔唑基，其碳原子数为18。
在本申请中，对芳基的解释可应用于亚芳基，对杂芳基的解释同样应用于亚杂芳基。
在本申请中，卤素基团可以为氟、氯、溴、碘。
在本申请的具体实施方式中，碳原子数为3～30的杂芳基可以选自二苯并呋喃基、二苯并噻吩基、咔唑基、吡啶基、喹啉基、二苯并呋喃基苯基、二苯并噻吩基苯基、N-苯基咔唑基、吡啶基苯基、三嗪基、三嗪基苯基中的一种或几种。
在本申请的一种实施方式中，所述a 1、a 2、a 3和a 4分别独立地选自0、1或2，R 1、R 2、R 3和R 4相同或不同，且各自独立地选自如下基团所组成的组：氘、卤素基团、氰基、环戊基、环己基、苯基、联苯基、萘基、三联苯基、咔唑基、二苯并呋喃基、二苯并噻吩基。
在本申请的一种实施方式中，所述a 1、a 2、a 3和a 4均为0。
在本申请的一种实施方式中，所述环A为取代或未取代的环戊烷、取代或未取代的环己烷、取代或未取代的环庚烷、取代或未取代的环辛烷、取代或未取代的降冰片烷、取代或未取代的金刚烷。
在本申请的一种实施方式中，所述环A为未取代的5～10元的脂肪烃环，其中5～10元的脂肪烃环是指成环碳原子数为5～10的脂肪烃环。
在本申请的一种实施方式中，所述环A为选自以下式2-1至式2-4所示的基团所组成的组：
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000014
在本申请的一种实施方式中，L 1、L 2和L 3各自独立地为单键、取代或未取代的碳原子数为6～25的亚芳基或者取代或未取代的碳原子数为3～25的亚杂芳基。
所述L 1、L 2和L 3中的取代基分别独立地选自氘、氟、氰基、碳原子数为6～20的芳基、碳原子数为12～20的杂芳基、碳原子数为3～6的三烷基硅基、碳原子数为18～24的三芳基硅基。具体地，所述L 1、L 2和L 3中的取代基包括但不限于：氘、氟、氰基、苯基、萘基、联苯基、甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、叔丁基。
可选地，L 1、L 2和L 3各自独立地选自单键、取代或未取代的碳原子数为6～20的亚芳基、取代或未取代的碳原子数为3～20的亚杂芳基。
优选地，L 1、L 2和L 3各自独立地选自单键、取代或未取代的碳原子数为6～18的亚芳基，或者为取代或未取代的碳原子数为3～18的亚杂芳基。
优选地，L 1、L 2和L 3各自独立地选自单键、取代或未取代的碳原子数为6～15的亚芳基、或者为取代或未取代的碳原子数为12～18的亚杂芳基。
优选地，L 1、L 2和L 3各自独立地选自单键、取代或未取代的碳原子数为6～12的亚芳基。
在本申请一种具体实施方式中，L 1、L 2和L 3各自独立地为单键、取代或未取代的亚苯基、取代或未取代的亚萘基、取代或未取代的亚联苯基、取代或未取代的亚三联苯基、取代或未取代的亚芴基、取代或未取代的亚蒽基、取代或未取代的亚菲基、取代或未取代的亚咔唑基、取代或未取代的亚二苯并呋喃基、取代或未取代的亚二苯并噻吩基、取代或未取代的亚吡啶基、取代或未取代的亚嘧啶基或者取代或未取代的亚三嗪基；或者，所述L 1、L 2和L 3各自独立地选自亚N-苯基咔唑基。
所述L 1、L 2和L 3中的取代基相同或不同，且分别独立地选自氘、氟、氰基、碳原子数为1～5的烷基、碳原子数为6～12的芳基；优选地，所述L 1、L 2和L 3中的取代基分别独立地选自氘、氟、氰基、甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、叔丁基、苯基、萘基、联苯基。
在本申请的一种实施方式中，L 1、L 2和L 3各自独立地为单键、或者选自化学式j-1至化学式j-14所示的基团所组成的组：
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000015
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000016
其中，M 2选自单键或者
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000017
表示化学键；
Q 1～Q 5和Q’ 1～Q’ 5各自独立地选自N或者C(J 5)，且Q 1～Q 5中至少一个选自N；当Q 1～Q 5中的两个以上选自C(J 5)时，任意两个J 5相同或者不相同，当Q’ 1～Q’ 4中的两个以上选自C(J 5)时，任意两个J 5相同或者不相同；
Q 6～Q 13各自独立地选自N、C或者C(J 6)，且Q 6～Q 13中至少一个选自N；当Q 6～Q 13中的两个以上选自C(J 6)时，任意两个J 6相同或者不相同；
Q 14～Q 23各自独立地选自N、C或者C(J 7)，且Q 14～Q 23中至少一个选自N；当Q 14～Q 23中的两个以上选自C(J 7)时，任意两个J 7相同或者不相同；
Q 24～Q 33各自独立地选自N、C或者C(J 8)，且Q 24～Q 33中至少一个选自N；当Q 24～Q 33中的两个以上选自C(J 8)时，任意两个J 8相同或者不相同；
E 1～E 14、J 5～J 9各自独立地选自：氢，氘，卤素基团，氰基，碳原子数为3～20的杂芳基，任选地被0、1、2、3、4或5个选自氘、氟、氯、氰基、甲基、叔丁基的取代基所取代的碳原子数为6～20的芳基，碳原子数为3～12的三烷基硅基，碳原子数为1～10的烷基，碳原子数为1～10的卤代烷基，碳原子数为3～10的环烷基，碳原子数为2～10的杂环烷基，碳原子数为1～10的烷氧基，碳原子数为1～10的烷硫基，碳原子数为6～18的芳氧基，碳原子数为6～18的芳硫基，碳原子数为6～18的膦氧基，碳原子数为18～24的三芳基硅基；任选地被0、1、2、3、4或5个独立选自氘、氟、氯、氰基、甲基、乙基、叔丁基的取代基所取代的碳原子数为6～20的芳基”是指芳基可以被氘、氟、氯、氰基、甲基、叔丁基中的一个或多个取代，也可以不被取代，且当芳基上的取代基的个数大于等于2时，取代基可以相同或不同。
其中，当E 1～E 14中的任意一个独立地选自碳原子数为6～20的芳基时，E 1～E 3和E 14不为芳基；
e 1～e 14以e r表示，E 1～E 14以E r表示，r为变量，表示1～14的任意整数，e r表示取代基E r的数量；当r选自1、2、3、4、5、6、9、13或14时，e r选自1、2、3或者4；当r选自7或11时， e r选自1、2、3、4、5或者6；当r为12时，e r选自1、2、3、4、5、6或者7；当r选自8或10时，e r选自1、2、3、4、5、6、7或者8；当e r大于1时，任意两个E r相同或者不相同；
K 3选自O、S、Se、N(E 15)、C(E 16E 17)、Si(E 18E 19)；其中，E 15、E 16、E 17、E 18和E 19各自独立地选自：碳原子数为6～20的芳基、碳原子数为3～20的杂芳基、碳原子数为1～10的烷基、碳原子数为3～10的环烷基、碳原子数为2～10的杂环烷基，或者E 16和E 17相互连接以与它们共同连接的原子形成碳原子数为3～15的饱和或不饱和的环，或者E 18和E 19相互连接以与它们共同连接的原子形成碳原子数为3～15的饱和或不饱和的环；
K 4选自单键、O、S、Se、N(E 20)、C(E 21E 22)、Si(E 23E 24)；其中，E 20至E 24各自独立地选自：碳原子数为6～20的芳基、碳原子数为3～20的杂芳基、碳原子数为1～10的烷基、碳原子数为3～10的环烷基、碳原子数为2～10的杂环烷基，或者E 21和E 22相互连接以与它们共同连接的原子形成碳原子数为3～15的饱和或不饱和的环，或者E 23和E 24相互连接以与它们共同连接的原子形成碳原子数为3～15的饱和或不饱和的环。
在本申请的一种实施方式中，L 1、L 2和L 3各自独立地为单键，或者选自如下基团组成的组：
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000018
其中，
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000019
表示化学键。
在本申请的一种实施方式中，L 1、L 2和L 3各自独立地为单键、或者选自如下基团组成的组：
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000020
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000021
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000022
其中，
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000023
表示上述基团中用于与式1中
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000024
基团结合的化学键；
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000025
表示上述基团中用于与式1中
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000026
基团结合的化学键。
在本申请的一种实施方式中，Ar 1选自取代或未取代的碳原子数为6～25的芳基、取代或未取代的碳原子数为3～25的杂芳基。
所述Ar 1中的取代基选自氘、氟、氰基、碳原子数为1～5的烷基、碳原子数为3～15的环烷基、碳原子数为6～20的芳基、碳原子数为12～20的杂芳基、碳原子数为3～6的三烷基硅基、碳原子数为18～24的三芳基硅基。具体地，Ar 1的取代基包括但不限于：氘、氟、氰基、苯基、萘基、菲基、联苯基、三联苯基、二甲基芴基、二苯并呋喃基、二苯并噻吩基、咔唑基、N-苯基咔唑基、N-萘基咔唑基、三甲基硅基、三苯基硅基、环戊烷基、环己烷基、金刚烷基。
优选地，Ar 1选自取代或未取代的碳原子数为6～20的芳基、取代或未取代的碳原子数为5～20的杂芳基。
优选地，所述Ar 1的取代基包括但不限于：氘、氟、氰基、苯基、萘基、菲基、联苯基、三联苯基、二甲基芴基、菲咯啉基、二苯并呋喃基、二苯并噻吩基、咔唑基、N-苯基咔唑基、N-萘基咔唑基、三甲基硅基、三苯基硅基。
在本申请的一种实施方式中，所述Ar 1选自以下基团所组成的组，但不仅限于此：
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000027
其中，M 1选自单键或者
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000028
G 1～G 5和G’ 1～G’ 4各自独立地选自N、C或者C(J 1)，且G 1～G 5中至少一个选自N；当G 1～G 5中的两个以上选自C(J 1)时，任意两个J 1相同或者不相同；
G 6～G 13各自独立地选自N、C或者C(J 2)，且G 6～G 13中至少一个选自N；当G 6～G 13中的两个以上选自C(J 2)时，任意两个J 2相同或者不相同；
G 14～G 23各自独立地选自N、C或者C(J 3)，且G 14～G 23中至少一个选自N；当G 14～G 23中的两个以上选自C(J 3)时，任意两个J 3相同或者不相同；
G 24～G 33各自独立地选自N、C或者C(J 4)，且G 24～G 33中至少一个选自N；当G 24～G 33中的两个以上选自C(J 4)时，任意两个J 4相同或者不相同；
Z 1选自氢、氘、卤素基团、氰基、碳原子数为3～12的三烷基硅基、碳原子数为1～10的烷基、碳原子数为1～10的卤代烷基、碳原子数为3～10的环烷基、碳原子数为1～10的烷氧基、碳原子数为1～10的烷硫基、碳原子数为18～24的三芳基硅基；
Z 2～Z 9、Z 21各自独立地选自：氢、氘、卤素基团、氰基、碳原子数为3～12的三烷基硅基、碳 原子数为18-24的三芳基硅基、碳原子数为1～10的烷基、碳原子数为1～10的卤代烷基、碳原子数为3～10的环烷基、碳原子数为1～10的烷氧基、碳原子数为1～10的烷硫基、碳原子数为3～18的杂芳基；
Z 10～Z 20、J 1～J 4各自独立地选自：氢，氘，卤素基团，氰基，碳原子数为3～12的三烷基硅基，碳原子数为1～10的烷基，碳原子数为1～10的卤代烷基，碳原子数为3～10的环烷基，碳原子数为1～10的烷氧基，碳原子数为1～10的烷硫基，任选地被0、1、2、3、4或5个独立选自氘、氟、氯、氰基、甲基、乙基、叔丁基的取代基所取代的碳原子数为6～18的芳基，碳原子数为3～18的杂芳基，碳原子数为18-24的三芳基硅基；在本申请中，“任选地被0、1、2、3、4或5个独立选自氘、氟、氯、氰基、甲基、乙基、叔丁基的取代基所取代的碳原子数为6～18的芳基”是指芳基可以被氘、氟、氯、氰基、甲基、叔丁基中的一个或多个取代，也可以不被取代，且当芳基上的取代基的个数大于等于2时，取代基可以相同或不同。
h 1～h 21以h k表示，Z 1～Z 21以Z k表示，k为变量，表示1～21的任意整数，h k表示取代基Z k的个数；其中，当k选自5或者17时，h k选自1、2或者3；当k选自2、7、8、12、15、16、18或者21时，h k选自1、2、3或者4；当k选自1、3、4、6、9或者14时，h k选自1、2、3、4或者5；当k为13时，h k选自1、2、3、4、5或者6；当k选自10或者19时，h k选自1、2、3、4、5、6或者7；当k为20时，h k选自1、2、3、4、5、6、7或者8；当k为11时，h k选自1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8或9；且当h k大于1时，任意两个Z k相同或者不相同；
K 1选自O、S、N(Z 22)、C(Z 23Z 24)、Si(Z 28Z 29)；其中，Z 22、Z 23、Z 24、Z 28、Z 29各自独立地选自：碳原子数为6～18的芳基、碳原子数为3～18的杂芳基、碳原子数为1～10的烷基或碳原子数为3～10的环烷基，或者上述Z 23和Z 24相互连接以与它们共同连接的原子形成碳原子数为3～15的饱和或不饱和的环，或者上述Z 28和Z 29相互连接以与它们共同连接的原子形成碳原子数为3～15的饱和或不饱和的环；
K 2选自单键、O、S、N(Z 25)、C(Z 26Z 27)、Si(Z 30Z 31)；其中，Z 25、Z 26、Z 27、Z 30、Z 31各自独立地选自：碳原子数为6～18的芳基、碳原子数为3～18的杂芳基、碳原子数为1～10的烷基或碳原子数为3～10的环烷基，或者上述Z 26和Z 27相互连接以与它们共同连接的原子形成碳原子数为3～15的饱和或不饱和的环，或者上述Z 30和Z 31相互连接以与它们共同连接的原子形成碳原子数为3～15的饱和或不饱和的环。在本申请中，所述的环指的是饱和或不饱和的环，例如
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000029
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000030
等，但不限于此。
可选地，上述所成的环为3～10元环。
在本申请的一种实施方式中，Ar 1选自以下基团所组成的组：
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000031
在本申请的一种实施方式中，所述Ar 1选自如下基团组成的组，但不仅限于此：
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000032
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000033
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000034
在本申请的一种实施方式中，所述Ar 1、L 1、L 2和L 3中的取代基相同或不同，且分别独立地选自如下基团所组成的组：氘、氟、氰基、碳原子数为3～10的三烷基硅基、碳原子数为18～24的三芳基硅基、碳原子数为1～5的烷基、碳原子数为6～12的芳基以及碳原子数为3～18的杂芳基。
优选地，所述Ar 1、L 1、L 2和L 3中的取代基相同或不同，且分别独立地选自氘、氟、氰基、碳原子数为1～4的烷基、碳原子数为3～15的环烷基、碳原子数为6～12的芳基、碳原子数为12～18的杂芳基、碳原子数为3～12的三烷基硅基、碳原子数为18～24的三芳基硅基。
在本申请的一种实施方式中，所述芳胺化合物选自以下化合物组成的组，但不仅限于此：
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000035
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000036
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000037
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000038
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000039
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000040
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000041
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000042
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000043
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000044
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000045
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000046
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000047
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000048
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000049
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000050
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000051
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000052
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000053
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000054
本申请还提供一种电子元件，电子元件包括相对设置的阳极和阴极，以及设于所述阳极和所述阴极之间的功能层；所述功能层包含上述的芳胺化合物。
本申请所提供的芳胺化合物可以用于形成功能层中的至少一个有机膜层，以改善电子元件的电压特性、效率特性和寿命特性。可选地，包含有本申请的芳胺化合物的有机膜层位于阳极和电子元件的能量转化层之间，以便改善电子在阳极与能量转化层之间的传输。进一步地，所述功能层包括空穴传输层，所述空穴传输层包括上述的芳胺化合物。
举例而言，电子元件可以为一种有机电致发光器件。其中，如图1所示，有机电致发光器件包括相对设置的阳极100和阴极200，以及设于阳极100和阴极200之间的功能层300；功能层300包含本申请所提供的芳胺化合物。
可选地，本申请所提供的芳胺化合物可以用于形成功能层300中的至少一个有机薄层，以改善有机电致发光器件的寿命特性、效率特性并且降低驱动电压；在某些实施例中，还可以提高有机电致发光器件的电化学稳定性和热稳定性，提高量产的有机电致发光器件的性能的均一性。
可选地，功能层300包括空穴传输层320，空穴传输层320包含本申请所提供的芳胺化合物。其中，空穴传输层320既可以为本申请所提供的芳胺化合物组成，也可以由本申请所提供的芳胺化合物和其他材料共同组成。
可选地，空穴传输层320包括第一空穴传输层321和第二空穴传输层322，且第一空穴传输层321设于第二空穴传输层322靠近阳极100的表面；第一空穴传输层321和/或第二空穴传输层322包含本申请所提供的芳胺化合物。其中，既可以第一空穴传输层321或第二空穴传输层322中的一层包含本申请所提供的芳胺化合物，也可以第一空穴传输层321和第二空穴传输层322均含有本申请所提供的芳胺化合物。可以理解的是，第一空穴传输层321和/或第二空穴传输层322还可以含有其他材料，也可以不含有其他材料。可以理解的是，在本申请的另一种实施方式中，第二空穴传输层322可以作为有机电致发光器件的电子阻挡层。
优选地，所述第一空穴传输层邻接于所述第二空穴传输层，且相对于所述第二空穴传输层更靠近阳极。
优选地，所述第一空穴传输层含有所述芳胺化合物，所述有机电致发光器件为绿光或蓝光器件。
优选地，所述第二空穴传输层含有所述芳胺化合物，所述有机电致发光器件为红光器件。
在本申请的一种实施方式中，如图1所示，有机电致发光器件可以包括依次层叠设置的阳极100、第一空穴传输层321、第二空穴传输层322、有机发光层330、电子传输层340和阴极200。本申请提供的芳胺化合物可以应用于有机电致发光器件的第一空穴传输层321和/或第二空穴传输层322，可以有效改善有机电致发光器件的空穴特性。其中，空穴特性是指在阳极100中形成的空穴容易地被注入有机发光层330、并且根据HOMO水平的传导特性而在有机发光层330中传输。
可选地，阳极100包括以下阳极材料，其优选地是有助于空穴注入至功能层中的具有大逸出功(功函数，work function)材料。阳极材料具体实例包括：金属如镍、铂、钒、铬、铜、锌和金或它们的合金；金属氧化物如氧化锌、氧化铟、氧化铟锡(ITO)和氧化铟锌(IZO)；组合的金属和氧化物如ZnO:Al或SnO 2:Sb；或导电聚合物如聚(3-甲基噻吩)、聚[3,4-(亚乙基-1,2-二氧基)噻吩](PEDT)、聚吡咯和聚苯胺，但不限于此。优选包含氧化铟锡(铟锡氧化物，indium tin oxide)(ITO)作为阳极的透明电极。
可选地，有机发光层330可以由单一发光材料组成，也可以包括主体材料和客体材料。可选的，有机发光层330由主体材料和客体材料组成，注入有机发光层330的空穴和注入有机发光层330的电子可以在有机发光层330复合而形成激子，激子将能量传递给主体材料，主体材料将能量传递给客体材料，进而使得客体材料能够发光。
有机发光层330的主体材料可以为金属螯合类化合物、双苯乙烯基衍生物、芳香族胺衍生物、二苯并呋喃衍生物或者其他类型的材料，本申请对此不做特殊的限制。在本申请的一种实施方式中，有机发光层330的主体材料可以为CBP。在本申请的另一种实施方式中，有机发光层330的主体材料可以为α,β-ADN。
有机发光层330的客体材料可以为具有缩合芳基环的化合物或其衍生物、具有杂芳基环的化 合物或其衍生物、芳香族胺衍生物或者其他材料，本申请对此不做特殊的限制。在本申请的一种实施方式中，有机发光层330的客体材料可以为Ir(flq) 2(acac)。在本申请的另一种实施方式中，有机发光层330的客体材料可以为BD-6MDPA。
电子传输层340可以为单层结构，也可以为多层结构，其可以包括一种或者多种电子传输材料，电子传输材料可以选自苯并咪唑衍生物、恶二唑衍生物、喹喔啉衍生物或者其他电子传输材料，本申请对此不做特殊的限定。举例而言，在本申请的一种实施方式中，电子传输层340可以由BP4mPy和LiQ组成。
可选地，阴极200包括以下阴极材料，其是有助于电子注入至功能层中的具有小逸出功的材料。阴极材料的具体实例包括：金属如镁、钙、钠、钾、钛、铟、钇、锂、钆、铝、银、锡和铅或它们的合金；或多层材料如LiF/Al、Liq/Al、LiO 2/Al、LiF/Ca、LiF/Al和BaF 2/Ca，但不限于此。优选包括包含Mg-Ag合金的金属电极作为阴极。
可选地，如图1所示，在阳极100和第一空穴传输层321之间还可以设置有空穴注入层310，以增强向第一空穴传输层321注入空穴的能力。空穴注入层310可以选用联苯胺衍生物、星爆状芳基胺类化合物、酞菁衍生物或者其他材料，本申请对此不做特殊的限制。在本申请的一种实施方式中，空穴注入层310可以由m-MTDATA或HAT-CN组成。
可选地，如图1所示，在阴极200和电子传输层340之间还可以设置有电子注入层350，以增强向电子传输层340注入电子的能力。电子注入层350可以包括有碱金属硫化物、碱金属卤化物等无机材料，或者可以包括碱金属与有机物的络合物。在本申请的一种实施方式中，电子注入层350可以包括Yb。
再举例而言，电子元件可以为一种光电转化器件，如图3所示，该光电转化器件可以包括相对设置的阳极100和阴极200，以及设于阳极100和阴极200之间的功能层300；功能层300包含本申请所提供的芳胺化合物。
可选地，本申请所提供的芳胺化合物可以用于形成功能层300中的至少一个有机薄层，以改善光电转化器件性能，尤其是提高光电转化器件的寿命、提高光电转化器件的开路电压或者提高量产的光电转化器件的性能均一稳定。
可选地，所述功能层300包括空穴传输层320，所述空穴传输层320包含本申请的芳胺化合物。其中，空穴传输层320既可以为本申请所提供的芳胺化合物组成，也可以由本申请所提供的芳胺化合物和其他材料共同组成。
可选地，空穴传输层320包括第一空穴传输层321和第二空穴传输层322(作为光电转化器件的电子阻挡层)，且第一空穴传输层321设于第二空穴传输层322靠近阳极100的表面；第一空穴传输层321和/或第二空穴传输层322包含本申请所提供的芳胺化合物。其中，既可以第一空穴传输层321或第二空穴传输层322中的一层包含本申请所提供的芳胺化合物，也可以第一空穴传输层321和第二空穴传输层322均含有本申请所提供的芳胺化合物。可以理解的是，第一空穴传输层321和/或第二空穴传输层322还可以含有其他材料，也可以不含有其他材料。
可选地，空穴传输层320还可以包括无机掺杂材料，以提高空穴传输层320的空穴传输性能。
在本申请的一种实施方式中，如图3所示，光电转化器件可包括依次层叠设置的阳极100、空穴传输层320、光电转化层360、电子传输层340和阴极200。
可选地，光电转化器件可以为太阳能电池，尤其是可以为有机薄膜太阳能电池。举例而言，在本申请的一种实施方式中，太阳能电池包括依次层叠设置的阳极100、第一空穴传输层321、 第二空穴传输层322(作为光电转化器件的电子阻挡层)、光电转化层360、电子传输层340和阴极200，其中，第二空穴传输层322包含有本申请的芳胺化合物。
本申请实施方式还提供一种电子装置，该电子装置包括上述电子元件实施方式所描述的任意一种电子元件。由于该电子装置具有上述电子元件实施方式所描述的任意一种电子元件，因此具有相同的有益效果，本申请在此不再赘述。
举例而言，如图2所示，本申请提供第一电子装置400，第一电子装置400包括上述有机电致发光器件实施方式所描述的任意一种有机电致发光器件。该电子装置400可以为显示装置、照明装置、光通讯装置或者其他类型的电子设备，例如可以包括但不限于电脑屏幕、手机屏幕、电视机、电子纸、应急照明灯、光模块等。由于第一电子装置400具有上述有机电致发光器件实施方式所描述的任意一种有机电致发光器件，因此具有相同的有益效果，本申请在此不再赘述。
再举例而言，如图4所示，本申请提供第二种电子装置500，第二电子装置500包括上述光电转化器件实施方式所描述的任意一种光电转化器件。该电子装置500可以为太阳能发电设备、光检测器、指纹识别设备、光模块、CCD相机或则其他类型的电子设备。由于第二电子装置500具有上述光电转化器件实施方式所描述的任意一种光电转化器件，因此具有相同的有益效果，本申请在此不再赘述。
以下，通过实施例对本申请进一步详细说明。但是，下述实施例仅是本申请的例示，而并非限定本申请。
本申请中未提到的合成方法的化合物的都是通过商业途径获得的原料产品。
本申请中的中间体和化合物的分析检测使用ICP-7700质谱仪和M5000元素分析仪。
下面结合合成实施例来具体说明本申请的有机化合物的合成方法。
在下文中，除非特别说明，MC都是指二氯甲烷，rt指的是室温。
合成实施例
化合物22的合成
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000055
将2-溴-9H-芴(50.0g,203.98mmol)、氢氧化钠(35g,446.76mmol)、二甲基亚砜(500mL)、苄基三乙基氯化铵(1.39g,6.12mmol)和去离子水(100mL)加入圆底烧瓶中，氮气保护下升温至160℃，搅拌下加入1,4-二溴丁烷(44g,203.98mmol)；继续搅拌3h，将反应液冷却至室温，加入甲苯(200mL)进行萃取，合并有机相，使用无水硫酸镁进行干燥，过滤，减压除去溶剂；所得粗品使用甲苯为流动相进行硅胶柱色谱提纯之后得到浅黄色固体中间体IM-A-1(57.0g,收率为93.4％)。
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000056
将2-溴苯硼酸(100.0g,497.86mmol)、1-氯-3-碘苯(124.6g,522.75mmol)、四(三苯基膦)钯(11.5g,9.97mmol)、碳酸钾(151.15g,1095.3mmol)、四丁基溴化铵(32.1g,99.6mmol)、甲苯(800mL)、 乙醇(200mL)和去离子水(200mL)加入圆底烧瓶中，氮气保护下升温至78℃，搅拌2小时；将反应液冷却至室温，加入甲苯(500mL)进行萃取，合并有机相，使用无水硫酸镁进行干燥，过滤，减压除去溶剂；所得粗品使用正庚烷为流动相进行硅胶柱色谱提纯之后使用二氯甲烷/乙醇体系进行重结晶提纯，得到浅黄色固体中间体IM-B-1(76.0g,收率为57％)。
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000057
将镁条(16.11g,671.16mmol)和乙醚(120mL)置于氮气保护下干燥的圆底烧瓶中，加入碘(120mg)。而后将溶有中间体IM-B-1(76.00g,284.06mmol)的乙醚(240mL)溶液缓慢滴入烧瓶中，滴加完毕后升温至35℃，搅拌3小时；将反应液降至0℃，向其中缓慢滴入溶有金刚烷酮(26.71g,177.81mmol)的乙醚(238mL)溶液，滴加完毕后升温至35℃，搅拌6小时；将反应液冷却至室温，向其中加入5wt％盐酸至pH<7，搅拌1小时，加入乙醚(240mL)进行萃取，合并有机相，使用无水硫酸镁进行干燥，过滤，减压除去溶剂；所得粗品使用正庚烷为流动相进行硅胶柱色谱提纯，得到固体中间体IM-B-2(28.56g,收率47％)。
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000058
将中间体IM-B-2(28.56g,84.3mmol)、三氟乙酸(48.17g,422.45mmol)和二氯甲烷(MC,280mL)加入圆底烧瓶中，氮气保护下搅拌2小时；而后向反应液中加入氢氧化钠水溶液至pH＝8，分液，有机相使用无水硫酸镁进行干燥，过滤，减压除去溶剂；所得粗品使用二氯甲烷/正庚烷(体积比1:2)进行重结晶提纯，得到白色固体状中间体IM-B-3(25.2g,收率92.5％)。
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000059
将中间体IM-B-3(4.0g,12.46mmol)、4-氨基联苯(2.11g,12.46mmol)、三(二亚苄基丙酮)二钯(0.11g,0.12mmol)、2-二环己基磷-2’,4’,6’-三异丙基联苯(0.12g,0.25mmol)以及叔丁醇钠(1.8g,18.7mmol)加入甲苯(40mL)中，氮气保护下加热至108℃，搅拌2h；而后冷却至室温，反应液使用水洗后加入硫酸镁干燥，过滤后将滤液减压除去溶剂；使用二氯甲烷/乙酸乙酯体系对粗品进行重结晶提纯，得到淡黄色固体中间体IM-B(4.1g,收率72.6％)。
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000060
将中间体IM-A-1(4.1g,9.04mmol)、中间体IM-B(2.7g,9.04mmol)、三(二亚苄基丙酮)二钯(0.08g,0.09mmol)、2-二环己基磷-2’,6’-二甲氧基联苯(0.07g,0.18mmol)以及叔丁醇钠(1.3g,13.55mmol)加入甲苯(40mL)中，氮气保护下加热至108℃，搅拌1h；而后冷却至室温，反应液使用水洗后加入硫酸镁干燥，过滤后将滤液减压除去溶剂；使用甲苯体系对粗品进行重结晶提纯，得到白色固体化合物22(4.35g,收率71.67％)。质谱：m/z＝672.4[M+H] +。
参照化合物22的合成方法，使用表1所示的原料1代替中间体IM-B-1，使用与中间体IM-B-2相同的合成方法制备产物1，之后再使用与中间体IM-B-3相同的合成方法制备中间体IM-C-2及IM-D-2。
表1
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000061
化合物52的合成
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000062
除了使用1,5-二溴戊烷代替1,4-二溴丁烷，参照中间体IM-A-1相同的合成方法制备中间体IM-A-2。
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000063
将中间体IM-C-2(5.0g,15.58mmol)、2-氨基联苯(2.77g,16.36mmol)、三(二亚苄基丙酮)二钯(0.14g,0.16mmol)、2-二环己基磷-2’,4’,6’-三异丙基联苯(0.15g,0.31mmol)以及叔丁醇钠(2.25g,23.37mmol)加入甲苯(40mL)中，氮气保护下加热至108℃，搅拌5h；而后冷却至室温，反应液使用水洗后加入硫酸镁干燥，过滤后将滤液减压除去溶剂；使用二氯甲烷/乙醇体系对粗品进行重 结晶提纯，得到固体中间体IM-C(5.3g,收率74.96％)。
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000064
将中间体IM-A-2(5.3g,11.69mmol)、中间体IM-C(3.67g,11.69mmol)、三(二亚苄基丙酮)二钯(0.11g,0.12mmol)、2-二环己基磷-2’,6’-二甲氧基联苯(0.10g,0.24mmol)以及叔丁醇钠(1.68g,17.53mmol)加入甲苯(40mL)中，氮气保护下加热至108℃，搅拌1h；而后冷却至室温，反应液使用水洗后加入硫酸镁干燥，过滤后将滤液减压除去溶剂；使用甲苯体系对粗品进行重结晶提纯，得到白色固体化合物52(6.91g,收率86.27％)。质谱：m/z＝686.4[M+H] +。
化合物177的合成
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000065
除了使用降冰片酮代替金刚烷酮，参照中间体IM-B-2相同的合成方法制备中间体IM-A-3。
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000066
除了使用中间体IM-A-3代替中间体IM-B-2，参照中间体IM-B-3相同的合成方法制备中间体IM-A-4。
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000067
参照中间体IM-B的合成方法，用中间体IM-D-2代替中间体IM-B-3，2-氨基-9，9’二甲基芴代替原料4-氨基联苯，制备中间体IM-D。
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000068
将中间体IM-D(4.1g,8.3mmol)、中间体IM-A-4(2.33g,8.3mmol)、三(二亚苄基丙酮)二钯(0.08g,0.08mmol)、2-二环己基磷-2’,6’-二甲氧基联苯(0.07g,0.17mmol)以及叔丁醇钠(1.19g,12.46mmol)加入甲苯(40mL)中，氮气保护下加热至108℃，搅拌4h；而后冷却至室温，反应液使用水洗后加入硫酸镁干燥，过滤后将滤液减压除去溶剂；使用甲苯体系对粗品进行重结晶提纯，得到固体化合物177(5.2g,收率84.83％)，质谱(m/z)＝738.4[M+H] +。
参照化合物22的合成方法，且使用原料2代替4-氨基联苯，中间体1代替中间体IM-B-3与原料2合成中间体2，中间体3代替中间体IM-A-1与中间体2合成表2第五列的化合物。具体的化合物编号、结构、原料、表征数据等展示在表2中。
表2：化合物结构、制备及表征数据
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000069
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000070
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000071
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000072
化合物420的合成
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000073
将中间体IM-C-2(10g,31.17mmol)、对氯苯硼酸(3.89g,24.93mmol)、四(三苯基膦)钯(0.72g,0.62mmol)、碳酸钾(6.45g,46.75mmol)、四丁基氯化铵(1.73g,6.23mmol)、甲苯(80mL)、乙醇(20mL)和去离子水(20mL)加入圆底烧瓶中，氮气保护下升温至78℃，搅拌6小时；将反应液冷却至室温，加入甲苯(100mL)进行萃取，合并有机相，使用无水硫酸镁进行干燥，过滤，减压除去溶剂；所得粗品使用正庚烷为流动相进行硅胶柱色谱提纯，之后用二氯甲烷/乙酸乙酯体系进行重结晶提纯，得到白色固体中间体IM-C-3(7.5g,收率75.8％)。
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000074
将中间体IM-C-3(1.50g,3.78mmol)、苯胺(0.36g,3.85mmol)、三(二亚苄基丙酮)二钯(0.03g,0.04mmol)、2-二环己基磷-2’,6’-二甲氧基联苯(0.03g,0.07mmol)以及叔丁醇钠(0.55g,5.67mmol)加入甲苯(20mL)中，氮气保护下加热至108℃，搅拌5h；而后冷却至室温，反应液使用水洗后加入硫酸镁干燥，过滤后将滤液减压除去溶剂；使用甲苯体系对粗品进行重结晶提纯，得到中间体IM-C-4(1.26g,74％)。
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000075
将中间体IM-C-4(1.7g,3.75mmol)、中间体IM-A-2(1.17g,3.75mmol)、三(二亚苄基丙酮)二钯(0.03g,0.04mmol)、2-二环己基磷-2’,6’-二甲氧基联苯(0.03g,0.08mmol)以及叔丁醇钠(0.54g,5.26mmol)加入甲苯(20mL)中，氮气保护下加热至108℃，搅拌1h；而后冷却至室温，反应液使用水洗后加入硫酸镁干燥，过滤后将滤液减压除去溶剂；使用甲苯体系对粗品进行重结晶提纯，得到化合物420(1.87g,收率72.76％)。质谱：m/z＝686.4[M+H] +。
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000076
将1,2-二溴-3-氯苯(80.0g,298.7mmol)、苯硼酸(36.5g,298.7mmol)、四(三苯基膦)钯(6.9g；6.0mmol)、碳酸钾(103.2g,746.7mmol)、四丁基溴化铵(19.2g,59.7mmol)加入烧瓶中，并加入甲苯(600mL)、乙醇(150mL)和水(150mL)的混合溶剂，氮气保护下，升温至80℃，保持温度搅拌18小时；冷却至室温，停止搅拌，反应液水洗后分离有机相，使用无水硫酸镁干燥，减压除去溶剂，得到粗品；使用二氯甲烷/正庚烷作为流动相对粗品进行硅胶柱色谱提纯，得到白色固体产物中间体IM-G-1(42.0g,收率53％)。
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000077
将中间体IM-G-1(42.0g,157.9mmol)和四氢呋喃(300ml)加入烧瓶中，氮气保护下，降温至-78℃，于搅拌条件下，滴加正丁基锂的四氢呋喃(2.5M)溶液(95mL,236.9mmol)，滴加完毕后保温搅拌1小时，保持-78℃滴加溶有金刚烷酮(19.0g,126.3mmol)的四氢呋喃(100mL)溶液，滴加完毕后保温1小时后升至室温，搅拌24小时；向反应液中加入盐酸(12M)(26.3mL,315.8mmol)的水(100mL)溶液，搅拌1小时；分液，有机相使用水洗至中性，加入无水硫酸镁干燥，减压除去溶剂得到粗品；使用乙酸乙酯/正庚烷体系对粗品进行硅胶柱色谱提纯，得到白色固体产物中间体IM-G-2(25.8g,收率60％)。
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000078
参照中间体IM-B-3的合成方法，使用中间体IM-G-2代替中间体IM-B-2，使用相同的方法合成了中间体IM-G-3。
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000079
除了使用3-溴-9H-芴代替2-溴-9H-芴，使用与中间体IM-A-1相同的合成方法制备中间体IM-A-5。
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000080
除了使用4-溴-9H-芴代替2-溴-9H-芴，使用与中间体IM-A-1相同的合成方法制备中间体IM-A-6。
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000081
除了使用1-溴-9H-芴代替2-溴-9H-芴，使用与中间体IM-A-1相同的合成方法制备中间体IM-A-7。
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000082
除了使用3-溴-9H-芴代替2-溴-9H-芴，1,5-二溴戊烷代替1,4-二溴丁烷，参照中间体IM-A-1相同的合成方法制备中间体IM-A-8。
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000083
除了使用4-溴-9H-芴代替2-溴-9H-芴，1,5-二溴戊烷代替1,4-二溴丁烷，参照中间体IM-A-1相同的合成方法制备中间体IM-A-9。
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000084
除了使用1-溴-9H-芴代替2-溴-9H-芴，1,5-二溴戊烷代替1,4-二溴丁烷，参照中间体IM-A-1合成方法制备中间体IM-A-10。
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000085
除了使用降冰片酮代替金刚烷酮，参照中间体IM-B-2合成方法制备中间体IM-A-11。
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000086
除了使用中间体A-11代替中间体IM-B-2，参照中间体IM-B-3合成方法制备中间体IM-A-12。
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000087
使用2-溴-2'-氯-1,1'-联苯和降冰片酮为原料，参照中间体IM-B-2合成方法制备中间体IM-A-13。
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000088
除了使用中间体IM-A-13代替中间体IM-B-2，参照中间体IM-B-3合成方法制备中间体IM-A-14。
参照化合物22的合成方法，且使用原料1代替4-氨基联苯，中间体1代替中间体IM-B-3与原料1合成中间体2，中间体3代替中间体IM-A-1与中间体2合成表4第五列的化合物。具体的化合物编号、结构、原料、表征数据等展示在表3中。
表3：化合物结构、编号及表征数据
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000089
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000090
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000091
将中间体IM-B-3(10g,31.17mmol)、3-氯苯硼酸(3.89g,24.93mmol)、四(三苯基膦)钯(0.72g,0.62mmol)、碳酸钾(6.45g,46.75mmol)、四丁基氯化铵(1.73g,6.23mmol)、甲苯(80mL)、乙醇(20mL)和去离子水(20mL)加入圆底烧瓶中，氮气保护下升温至78℃，搅拌6小时；将反应液冷却至室温，加入甲苯(100mL)进行萃取，合并有机相，使用无水硫酸镁进行干燥，过滤，减压除去溶剂；所得粗品使用正庚烷为流动相进行硅胶柱色谱提纯，之后用二氯甲烷/乙酸乙酯体系进行重结晶提纯，得到白色固体中间体IM-B-4(7.5g,收率75.7％)。
参照中间体IM-B-4的合成方法，不同之处在于以下表4第一列中间体4代替中间体IM-B-3，表中第二列原料3替代对氯苯硼酸，合成下表中第三列所示中间体5。
表4：中间体4、原料3结构及中间体5结构
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000092
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000093
使用上述表4的中间体5代替中间体IM-A-2，参照化合物420的合成方法反应得到以下化合物如表5
表5：化合物编码、结构及表征数据
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000094
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000095
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000096
将中间体IM-B-3(20.4g,62.3mmol)、联硼酸频哪醇酯(20.6g,81.05mmol)、三(二亚苄基丙酮)二钯(0.57g,0.62mmol)、2-二环己基磷-2’,4’,6’-三异丙基联苯(0.59g,1.24mmol)，醋酸钾(12.24g,124.7mmol)和1，4-二氧六环(160mL)加入烧瓶中，氮气保护条件下于100℃回流搅拌16小时；降至室温，向反应液中加入二氯甲烷和水，分液，有机相使用水洗后用无水硫酸镁干燥，减压条件下除去溶剂得到粗品；粗品使用二氯甲烷/正庚烷体系进行硅胶柱色谱提纯，得到白色固体中间体IM-B-5(17.3g,67.3％)。
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000097
将中间体IM-B-5(17.3g,41.96mmol)、2-溴7-氯-9,9-二甲基芴(14.2g,46.16mmol)、四三苯基膦钯(0.48g,0.42mmol)、碳酸钾(12.74g,92.31mmol)、四丁基溴化铵(2.7g,8.4mmol)加入烧瓶中，并加入甲苯(136mL)、乙醇(34mL)和水(34mL)的混合溶剂，氮气保护下，升温至80℃， 保持温度搅拌24小时；冷却至室温，停止搅拌，反应液水洗后分离有机相，使用无水硫酸镁干燥，减压除去溶剂，得到粗品；使用二氯甲烷/正庚烷作为流动相对粗品进行硅胶柱色谱提纯，得到白色固体产物中间体IM-B-6(10.6g,49.3％)。
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000098
将中间体IM-B-6(5.0g,9.75mmol)、苯胺(0.91g,9.75mmol)、三(二亚苄基丙酮)二钯(0.09g,0.10mmol)、2-二环己基磷-2’,4’,6’-三异丙基联苯(0.09g,0.19mmol)以及叔丁醇钠(1.4g,14.6mmol)加入甲苯(40mL)中，氮气保护下加热至108℃，搅拌5h；而后冷却至室温，反应液使用水洗后加入硫酸镁干燥，过滤后将滤液减压除去溶剂；使用二氯甲烷/正庚烷体系对粗品进行重结晶提纯，得到中间体IM-B-8(4.1g,收率74％)。
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000099
将中间体IM-B-8(4.1g,7.2mmol)、中间体IM-A-4(2.02g,7.2mmol)、三(二亚苄基丙酮)二钯(0.07g,0.07mmol)、2-二环己基磷-2’,6’-二甲氧基联苯(0.06g,0.14mmol)以及叔丁醇钠(1.04g,10.8mmol)加入甲苯(40mL)中，氮气保护下加热至108℃，搅拌4h；而后冷却至室温，反应液使用水洗后加入硫酸镁干燥，过滤后将滤液减压除去溶剂；使用甲苯体系对粗品进行重结晶提纯，得到固体化合物492(5.2g,收率88.7％)，质谱(m/z)＝814.3[M+H] +。
根据如上所述的合成例制备的化合物，部分中间体及化合物核磁数据如下表6所示。
表6：部分中间体及化合物核磁数据
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000100
使用以下方法进行有机发光电致器件的制作：
蓝色有机电致发光器件制备及评估实施例
实施例1：
通过以下过程制备阳极：将ITO厚度为
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000101
的TOP基板(康宁制造)切割成40mm(长)×40mm(宽)×0.7mm(厚)的尺寸，采用光刻工序，将其制备成具有阴极搭接区、阳极以及绝缘层图案的实验基板，利用紫外臭氧以及O 2:N 2等离子进行表面处理，以增加阳极(实验基板)的功 函数的和清除浮渣。
在实验基板(阳极)上真空蒸镀m-MTDATA(4,4',4”-三(N-3-甲基苯基-N-苯基氨基)三苯胺)以形成厚度为
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000102
的空穴注入层(HIL)，并且在空穴注入层上真空蒸镀化合物22，以形成厚度为
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000103
的第一空穴传输层(HTL1)。
然后在第一空穴传输层上蒸镀EB-1，形成厚度为
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000104
的第二空穴传输层(HTL2)。
接着以α,β-ADN作为主体，同时掺杂BD-6MDPA，主体和掺杂剂按以30:3的膜厚比形成了厚度为
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000105
的有机发光层(EML)。
将BP4mPy(3,3',5,5'-Tetra[(m-pyridyl)-phen-3-yl]biphenyl)和LiQ(8-羟基喹啉-锂)以1:1的重量比进行混合并蒸镀形成了
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000106
厚的电子传输层(ETL)，将Yb蒸镀在电子传输层上以形成厚度为
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000107
的电子注入层(EIL)，然后将镁(Mg)和银(Ag)以1:10的蒸镀速率混合，真空蒸镀在电子注入层上，形成厚度为
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000108
的阴极。
在上述阴极上蒸镀厚度为
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000109
的CP-1，形成有机覆盖层(CPL)，从而完成有机电致发光器件的制造。将蒸镀完成的器件在氮气手套箱(水、氧的含量需严格控制)中用紫外线硬化树脂封装，以免器件被外界的水分或其他物质腐蚀。
其中，m-MTDATA、EB-1、α,β-ADN、BD-6MDPA、BP4mPy和CP-1的结构式如下图所示。
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000110
实施例2～7
除了在形成第一空穴传输层(HTL1)时各自使用表7中所示的化合物以外，利用与实施例1相同的方法制作有机电致发光器件。器件性能已列举在表7中。
比较例1
在比较例1中，除了使用了NPB(N,N'-二苯基-N,N'-(1-萘基)-1,1'-联苯-4,4'-二胺)作为第一空穴传输层替代化合物22之外，用与实施例1相同的方法制造有机电致发光器件，器件性能见表7。
其中，NPB的结构如下：
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000111
对如上制备得到的有机电致发光器件，在10mA/cm 2的条件下分析了器件的IVL性能，T95器件寿命在恒定电流密度20mA/cm 2下进行测试。
表7：实施例1-7与比较例1有机电致发光器件性能
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000112
根据表7可知，相较于比较例1而言，按照实施例1～7制备的蓝色有机电致发光器件的工作电压至少降低了0.27V，发光效率(Cd/A)至少提高了7.14％，器件寿命至少提高了5.6％。
综上所述，在第一空穴传输层(HTL1)中使用本申请实施例中列举的化合物可制备得到低电压、高发光效率、长寿命的蓝色有机电致发光器件。
红色有机电致发光器件制备及评估实施例
实施例8
通过以下过程制备阳极：将ITO厚度为
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000113
的ITO基板(康宁制造)切割成40mm(长)×40mm(宽)×0.7mm(厚)的尺寸，采用光刻工序，将其制备成具有阴极、阳极以及绝缘层图案的实验基板，利用紫外臭氧以及O 2:N 2等离子进行表面处理，以增加阳极(实验基板)的功函数的和清除浮渣。
在实验基板(阳极)上真空蒸镀HAT-CN以形成厚度为的厚度为
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000114
的空穴注入层(HIL)，并且在空穴注入层上蒸镀一层NPB，形成厚度为
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000115
的第一空穴传输层(HTL1)。
接着在第一空穴传输层上真空蒸镀化合物113，形成厚度为
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000116
的第二空穴传输层(HTL2)。
然后在第二空穴传输层上蒸镀4,4'-N,N'-dicarbazole-biphenyl(简称为”CBP”)作为主体，同时掺杂Ir(flq) 2(acac)，主体和掺杂剂按照100:3的膜后比形成了厚度为
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000117
的有机发光层(EML)。
将BP4mPy和LiQ以1:1的重量比进行混合并蒸镀形成了
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000118
厚的电子传输层(ETL)，将Yb蒸镀在电子传输层上形成厚度为
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000119
的电子注入层(EIL)，然后将镁(Mg)和银(Ag)以1:10的蒸镀速率混合，真空蒸镀在电子注入层上，形成厚度为
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000120
的阴极。
此外，在上述阴极上作为蒸镀了厚度为
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000121
的CP-1，形成覆盖层(CPL)，从而完成有机发光器件的制造。
实施例9～33
除了在形成第二空穴传输层(HTL2)时各自使用表8中列举的化合物以外，利用与实施例8相同的方法制作有机电致发光器件。其中，驱动电压、发光效率、外量子效率、色坐标是在恒定电流密度10mA/cm 2下进行测试，T95器件寿命在恒定电流密度20mA/cm 2下进行测试。且将有机电致发光器件的IVL和器件寿命数据列举在表8中。
其中，HAT-CN、NPB、CBP、Ir(flq) 2(acac)、BP4mPy以及CP-1的结构式如下：
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000122
比较例2～比较例4
在比较例2～4中，除了使用了化合物A、化合物B以及化合物C作为第二空穴传输层替代实施例8的化合物之外，用与实施例8相同的方法制造有机电致发光器件。
即比较例2采用化合物A制作有机电致发光器件，比较例3采用化合物B制作有机电致发光器件，比较例4采用化合物C制作有机电致发光器件。其中，驱动电压、发光效率、外量子效率、色坐标是在恒定电流密度10mA/cm 2下进行测试，T95器件寿命在恒定电流密度20mA/cm 2下进行测试。且将有机电致发光器件的IVL和器件寿命数据列举在表8中。
其中，化合物A、化合物B以及化合物C的结构式如下：
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000123
表8：实施例8-33与比较例2-4的有机电致发光器件性能
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000124
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000125
根据表8可知，相较于比较例2～4而言，按照实施例8～33制备的红色有机电致发光器件，电压至少降低了约0.3V，发光效率至少提高了13％，器件寿命至少提高了69h。
综上所述，在第二空穴传输层中使用本申请实施例中列举的化合物可制备得到长寿命的红色有机电致发光器件。究其原因是由于在分子设计时加入金刚烷基团，使得分子具有较好的成膜性。并且在一定程度上能够使化合物的分解温度Tg提升，增加材料的热稳定性，从而改善器件寿命。
部分材料热稳定性数据如下表10所示，其中分解温度Tg采用热失重分析仪(TGA)测试得到，Te为化合物在蒸镀机中，蒸镀速率为
Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-000126
时的蒸镀温度。
表9
实施例 化合物 Tg(℃) Te(℃)
实施例34 化合物4 148 239
实施例35 化合物100 154 241
实施例36 化合物119 162 253
实施例37 化合物217 149 239
实施例38 化合物487 157 240
实施例39 化合物488 159 244
比较例5 化合物B 118 267
比较例6 化合物C 123 278
由表9可知，本申请化合物在高温器件蒸镀成膜过程中具有较低的分解可能性，并且在器件运行中具有在电焦耳热环境下更高的结晶抵抗性。
本申请化合物与比较例化合物相比，在分子量相差不大的情况下，本申请化合物由于较高的空间位阻，使得本申请化合物的蒸镀温度(Te)降低。因此，本申请化合物具有更好的热稳定性。
以上结合附图详细描述了本申请的优选实施方式，但是，本申请并不限于上述实施方式中的具体细节，在本申请的技术构思范围内，可以对本申请的技术方案进行多种简单变型，这些简单变型均属于本申请的保护范围。
另外需要说明的是，在上述具体实施方式中所描述的各个具体技术特征，在不矛盾的情况下，可以通过任何合适的方式进行组合，为了避免不必要的重复，本申请对各种可能的组合方式不再另行说明。
此外，本申请的各种不同的实施方式之间也可以进行任意组合，只要其不违背本申请的思想，其同样应当视为本申请所公开的内容。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种芳胺化合物，其特征在于，该芳胺化合物具有如下式1所示的结构：
    Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-100001
    其中，环A为取代或未取代的5～16元的脂肪烃环；
    L 1、L 2和L 3各自独立地为单键、取代或未取代的碳原子数为6～30的亚芳基、取代或未取代的碳原子数为3～30的亚杂芳基；
    Ar 1选自取代或未取代的以下基团：碳原子数为1～20的烷基、碳原子数为3～20的环烷基、碳原子数为6～30的芳基、碳原子数为3～30的杂芳基；
    R 1、R 2、R 3和R 4彼此相同或不同，且各自独立地选自氘、卤素基团、氰基、碳原子数为3～20的环烷基、碳原子数为2～20的杂环烷基、碳原子数为1～20的烷基、碳原子数为6～30的芳基、碳原子数为3～30的杂芳基；a 1、a 2、a 3、a 4分别是R 1、R 2、R 3和R 4的个数；
    a 1和a 4各自独立地选自0、1、2、3或4，当a 1大于1时，任意两个R 1相同或者不相同，或者任意两个相邻的R 1相互连接形成碳原子数为3～15的饱和或不饱和环；当a 4大于1时，任意两个R 4相同或者不相同，或者任意两个相邻的R 4相互连接形成碳原子数为3～15的饱和或不饱和环；
    a 2和a 3各自独立地选自0、1、2或3，当a 2大于1时，任意两个R 2相同或者不相同，或者，任意两个相邻的R 2相互连接形成碳原子数为3～15的饱和或不饱和环；当a 3大于1时，任意两个R 3相同或者不相同，或者任意两个相邻的R 3相互连接形成碳原子数为3～15的饱和或不饱和环；
    所述环A中的取代基选自如下基团所组成的组：氘、卤素基团、氰基、碳原子数为1～15的烷基、碳原子数为6～12的芳基、碳原子数为3～18的杂芳基；
    所述Ar 1、L 1、L 2和L 3中的取代基相同或不同，且各自独立地选自如下基团所组成的组：氘，卤素基团，氰基，碳原子数为3～30的杂芳基，任选地被0、1、2、3、4或5个独立地选自氘、氟、氯、氰基、甲基、叔丁基的取代基所取代的碳原子数为6～30的芳基，碳原子数为1～15的烷基，碳原子数为3～20的环烷基，碳原子数为2～20的杂环烷基，碳原子数为7～15的芳烷基，碳原子数为4～15的杂芳烷基，碳原子数为1～30的烷氧基，碳原子数为1～30的烷硫基，碳原子数为1～30的烷基甲硅烷基，碳原子数为3～12的三烷基硅基，碳原子数为18～24的三芳基硅基，碳原子数为6～30的芳氧基，碳原子数为6～30的芳硫基。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的芳胺化合物，其中，所述Ar 1、L 1、L 2和L 3中的取代基相同或不同，且各自独立地选自如下基团所组成的组：氘、卤素基团、氰基、碳原子数为1～15的烷基、碳原子数为3～20的环烷基、碳原子数为2～20的杂环烷基、碳原子数为7～15的芳烷基、碳原子数为4～15的杂芳烷基、碳原子数为6～30的芳基、碳原子数为3～30的杂芳基、碳原子数为1～30的烷氧基、碳原子数为1～30的烷硫基、碳原子数为1～30的烷基甲硅烷基、碳原子数为3～12的三烷基硅基、碳原子数为18～24的三芳基硅基、碳原子数为6～30的芳氧基、碳原子数为6～30的芳硫基。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的芳胺化合物，其中，所述环A为未取代的5～10元的脂肪烃环。
  4. 根据权利要求1～3中任意一项所述的芳胺化合物，其中，所述环A选自以下式2-1至式2-4所示的基团所组成的组：
    Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-100002
  5. 根据权利要求1～4中任意一项所述的芳胺化合物，所述Ar 1选自取代或未取代碳原子数为6～25的芳基、取代或未取代碳原子数为3～25的杂芳基。
  6. 根据权利要求1～5中任意一项所述的芳胺化合物，其中，所述Ar 1选自以下基团所组成的组：
    Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-100003
    其中，M 1选自单键或者
    Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-100004
    G 1～G 5和G’ 1～G’ 4各自独立地选自N、C或者C(J 1)，且G 1～G 5中至少一个选自N；当G 1～G 5中的两个以上选自C(J 1)时，任意两个J 1相同或者不相同；
    G 6～G 13各自独立地选自N、C或者C(J 2)，且G 6～G 13中至少一个选自N；当G 6～G 13中的两个以上选自C(J 2)时，任意两个J 2相同或者不相同；
    G 14～G 23各自独立地选自N、C或者C(J 3)，且G 14～G 23中至少一个选自N；当G 14～G 23中的两个以上选自C(J 3)时，任意两个J 3相同或者不相同；
    G 24～G 33各自独立地选自N、C或者C(J 4)，且G 24～G 33中至少一个选自N；当G 24～G 33中的两个以上选自C(J 4)时，任意两个J 4相同或者不相同；
    Z 1选自氢、氘、卤素基团、氰基、碳原子数为3～12的三烷基硅基、碳原子数为1～10的烷基、碳原子数为1～10的卤代烷基、碳原子数为3～10的环烷基、碳原子数为1～10的烷氧基、碳原子数为1～10的烷硫基、碳原子数为18～24的三芳基硅基；
    Z 2～Z 9、Z 21各自独立地选自：氢、氘、卤素基团、氰基、碳原子数为3～12的三烷基硅基、碳原子数为1～10的烷基、碳原子数为1～10的卤代烷基、碳原子数为3～10的环烷基、碳原子数为1～10的烷氧基、碳原子数为1～10的烷硫基、碳原子数为3～18的杂芳基、碳原子数为18～24的三芳基硅基；
    Z 10～Z 20、J 1～J 4各自独立地选自：氢，氘，卤素基团，氰基，碳原子数为3～12的三烷基硅基，碳原子数为1～10的烷基，碳原子数为1～10的卤代烷基，碳原子数为3～10的环烷基，碳原子数为1～10的烷氧基，碳原子数为1～10的烷硫基，任选地被0、1、2、3、4或5个独立地选自氘、氟、氯、氰基、甲基、乙基、叔丁基的取代基所取代的碳原子数为6～18的芳基，碳原子数为3～18的杂芳基，碳原子数为18～24的三芳基硅基；
    h 1～h 21以h k表示，Z 1～Z 21以Z k表示，k为变量，表示1～21的任意整数，h k表示取代基Z k的个数；其中，当k选自5或者17时，h k选自1、2或者3；当k选自2、7、8、12、15、16、18或者21时，h k选自1、2、3或者4；当k选自1、3、4、6、9或者14时，h k选自1、2、3、4或者5；当k为13时，h k选自1、2、3、4、5或者6；当k选自10或者19时，h k选自1、2、3、4、5、6或者7；当k为20时，h k选自1、2、3、4、5、6、7或者8；当k为11时，h k选自1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8或9；且当h k大于1时，任意两个Z k相同或者不相同；
    K 1选自O、S、N(Z 22)、C(Z 23Z 24)、Si(Z 28Z 29)；其中，Z 22、Z 23、Z 24、Z 28、Z 29各自独立地选自：碳原子数为6～18的芳基、碳原子数为3～18的杂芳基、碳原子数为1～10的烷基或碳原子数为3～10的环烷基，或者上述Z 23和Z 24相互连接以与它们共同连接的原子形成碳原子数为3～15的饱和或不饱和的环，或者上述Z 28和Z 29相互连接以与它们共同连接的原子形成碳原子数为3～15的饱和或不饱和的环；
    K 2选自单键、O、S、N(Z 25)、C(Z 26Z 27)、Si(Z 30Z 31)；其中，Z 25、Z 26、Z 27、Z 30、Z 31各自独立地选自：碳原子数为6～18的芳基、碳原子数为3～18的杂芳基、碳原子数为1～10的烷基或碳原子数为3～10的环烷基，或者上述Z 26和Z 27相互连接以与它们共同连接的原子形成碳原子数为3～15的饱和或不饱和的环，或者上述Z 30和Z 31相互连接以与它们共同连接的原子形成碳原子数为3～15的饱和或不饱和的环。
  7. 根据权利要求1～6中任意一项所述的芳胺化合物，其中，Ar 1选自以下基团所组成的组：
    Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-100005
  8. 根据权利要求1～7中任意一项所述的芳胺化合物，其中，所述L 1、L 2和L 3各自独立地为 单键、取代或未取代的碳原子数为6～20的亚芳基或者取代或未取代的碳原子数为3～20的亚杂芳基。
  9. 根据权利要求1～8中任意一项所述的芳胺化合物，其中，所述L 1、L 2和L 3各自独立地为单键、取代或未取代的亚苯基、取代或未取代的亚萘基、取代或未取代的亚联苯基、取代或未取代的亚三联苯基、取代或未取代的亚芴基、取代或未取代的亚蒽基、取代或未取代的亚菲基、取代或未取代的亚咔唑基、取代或未取代的亚二苯并呋喃基、取代或未取代的亚二苯并噻吩基、取代或未取代的亚吡啶基、取代或未取代的亚嘧啶基或者取代或未取代的亚三嗪基；或者，所述L 1、L 2和L 3各自独立地选自亚N-苯基咔唑基。
  10. 根据权利要求1～9中任意一项所述的芳胺化合物，其中，所述L 1、L 2和L 3中的取代基相同或不同，且分别独立地选自氘、氟、氰基、碳原子数为1～5的烷基、碳原子数为6～12的芳基；
    优选地，所述L 1、L 2和L 3中的取代基相同或不同，且分别独立地选自氘、氟、氰基、甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、叔丁基、苯基、萘基、联苯基。
  11. 根据权利要求1～10中任意一项所述的芳胺化合物，其中，所述L 1、L 2和L 3各自独立地为单键、或者选自化学式j-1所示的基团至化学式j-14所示的基团所组成的组：
    Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-100006
    其中，M 2选自单键或者
    Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-100007
    表示化学键；
    Q 1～Q 5和Q’ 1～Q’ 5各自独立地选自N或者C(J 5)，且Q 1～Q 5中至少一个选自N；当Q 1～Q 5中的两个以上选自C(J 5)时，任意两个J 5相同或者不相同，当Q’ 1～Q’ 4中的两个或者两个以上选自C(J 5)时，任意两个J 5相同或者不相同；
    Q 6～Q 13各自独立地选自N、C或者C(J 6)，且Q 6～Q 13中至少一个选自N；当Q 6～Q 13中的两个以上选自C(J 6)时，任意两个J 6相同或者不相同；
    Q 14～Q 23各自独立地选自N、C或者C(J 7)，且Q 14～Q 23中至少一个选自N；当Q 14～Q 23中的两个以上选自C(J 7)时，任意两个J 7相同或者不相同；
    Q 24～Q 33各自独立地选自N、C或者C(J 8)，且Q 24～Q 33中至少一个选自N；当Q 24～Q 33中的两个以上选自C(J 8)时，任意两个J 8相同或者不相同；
    E 1～E 14、J 5～J 9各自独立地选自：氢，氘，卤素基团，氰基，碳原子数为3～20的杂芳基，任选地被0、1、2、3、4或5个独立地选自氘、氟、氯、氰基、甲基、叔丁基的取代基所取代的碳原子数为6～20的芳基，碳原子数为3～12的三烷基硅基，碳原子数为1～10的烷基，碳原子数为1～10的卤代烷基，碳原子数为3～10的环烷基，碳原子数为2～10的杂环烷基，碳原子数为1～10的烷氧基，碳原子数为1～10的烷硫基，碳原子数为6～18的芳氧基，碳原子数为6～18的芳硫基，碳原子数为6～18的膦氧基，碳原子数为18～24的三芳基硅基；
    其中，当E 1～E 14中的任意一个独立地选自碳原子数为6～20的芳基时，E 1～E 3和E 14不为芳基；
    e 1～e 14以e r表示，E 1～E 14以E r表示，r为变量，表示1～14的任意整数，e r表示取代基E r的数量；当r选自1、2、3、4、5、6、9、13或14时，e r选自1、2、3或者4；当r选自7或11时，e r选自1、2、3、4、5或者6；当r为12时，e r选自1、2、3、4、5、6或者7；当r选自8或10时，e r选自1、2、3、4、5、6、7或者8；当e r大于1时，任意两个E r相同或者不相同；
    K 3选自O、S、Se、N(E 15)、C(E 16E 17)、Si(E 18E 19)；其中，E 15、E 16、E 17、E 18和E 19各自独立地选自：碳原子数为6～20的芳基、碳原子数为3～20的杂芳基、碳原子数为1～10的烷基、碳原子数为3～10的环烷基、碳原子数为2～10的杂环烷基，或者E 16和E 17相互连接以与它们共同连接的原子形成碳原子数为3～15的饱和或不饱和的环，或者E 18和E 19相互连接以与它们共同连接的原子形成碳原子数为3～15的饱和或不饱和的环；
    K 4选自单键、O、S、Se、N(E 20)、C(E 21E 22)、Si(E 23E 24)；其中，E 20至E 24各自独立地选自：碳原子数为6～20的芳基、碳原子数为3～20的杂芳基、碳原子数为1～10的烷基、碳原子数为3～10的环烷基、碳原子数为2～10的杂环烷基，或者E 21和E 22相互连接以与它们共同连接的原子形成碳原子数为3～15的饱和或不饱和的环，或者E 23和E 24相互连接以与它们共同连接的原子形成碳原子数为3～15的饱和或不饱和的环。
  12. 根据权利要求1～11中任意一项所述的芳胺化合物，其中，所述L 1、L 2和L 3各自独立地为单键，或者选自如下基团组成的组：
    Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-100008
    Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-100009
    其中，
    Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-100010
    表示化学键。
  13. 根据权利要求1～12中任意一项所述的芳胺化合物，其中，所述芳胺化合物选自以下化合物组成的组：
    Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-100011
    Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-100012
    Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-100013
    Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-100014
    Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-100015
    Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-100016
    Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-100017
    Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-100018
    Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-100019
    Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-100020
    Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-100021
    Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-100022
    Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-100023
    Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-100024
    Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-100025
    Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-100026
    Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-100027
    Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-100028
    Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-100029
    Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-100030
    Figure PCTCN2021082177-appb-100031
  14. 一种电子元件，其特征在于，包括相对设置的阳极和阴极，以及设于所述阳极和所述阴极之间的功能层；
    所述功能层包含权利要求1～13中任意一项所述的芳胺化合物。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的电子元件，其中，所述电子元件的功能层包含空穴传输层，所述空穴传输层包含所述的芳胺化合物。
  16. 根据权利要求14或15所述的电子元件，其中，所述电子元件为有机电致发光器件或光电转化器件。
  17. 根据权利要求14～16中任意一项所述的电子元件，其中，所述电子元件为有机电致发 光器件，
    所述空穴输层包括第一空穴传输层和第二空穴传输层；
    所述第一空穴传输层邻接于所述第二空穴传输层，且相对于所述第二空穴传输层更靠近阳极；
    所述第一空穴传输层和/或第二空穴传输层包含所述芳胺化合物。
  18. 一种电子装置，其特征在于，包括权利要求14～17中任意一项所述的电子元件。
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