WO2021189944A1 - 一种电动汽车适用的安全充电设备 - Google Patents

一种电动汽车适用的安全充电设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021189944A1
WO2021189944A1 PCT/CN2020/134463 CN2020134463W WO2021189944A1 WO 2021189944 A1 WO2021189944 A1 WO 2021189944A1 CN 2020134463 W CN2020134463 W CN 2020134463W WO 2021189944 A1 WO2021189944 A1 WO 2021189944A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
handle
shell
installation cavity
wire
charging device
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/134463
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
蔡永忠
Original Assignee
苏州平方实业有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 苏州平方实业有限公司 filed Critical 苏州平方实业有限公司
Priority to CN202080006669.5A priority Critical patent/CN113242810B/zh
Publication of WO2021189944A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021189944A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
    • B60L53/16—Connectors, e.g. plugs or sockets, specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/58—Means for relieving strain on wire connection, e.g. cord grip, for avoiding loosening of connections between wires and terminals within a coupling device terminating a cable
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of electric vehicles, and in particular relates to a safety charging device suitable for electric vehicles.
  • Electric vehicles refer to vehicles that are powered by on-board power supplies and driven by motors to drive wheels, and comply with the requirements of road traffic and safety regulations. Because of their smaller environmental impact than traditional vehicles, their prospects are widely optimistic. Among them, electric vehicles have special The charging device makes it possible to ensure sufficient power for use.
  • the invention designs a safe charging device suitable for electric vehicles to solve the above technical problems.
  • the present invention discloses a safe charging device suitable for electric vehicles, which is realized by adopting the following technical solutions.
  • a safety charging device suitable for electric vehicles which includes a semicircular plug, a connector, a handle, and a limit block.
  • the front end of the connector is provided with a semicircular plug
  • the semicircular plug is provided with a jack
  • the rear end of the connector is equipped with a handle.
  • a speed-type damper is installed on the inner side of the joint, and a first spring is installed between the shell of the speed-type damper and the joint
  • one end of the elastic plate is fixedly installed at the front end of the joint
  • the limit block is fixedly installed on the elastic plate Upper
  • two blocks are symmetrically slidingly mounted on the front side of the joint and slide on the lower side of the limit block, and the two blocks are fixedly connected to the housing of the speed damper.
  • One end of the above-mentioned handle is swing-mounted with a rotating shell, which is rotatably installed at the rear end of the connector; the I-shaped sleeve is slidably installed in the handle, and a second spring is installed between the I-shaped sleeve and the handle; one end of the wire is in the half-round plug The other end of the wire passes through the connector and the handle, and finally passes through the outer side of the handle to connect to the output end of the charging pile.
  • the wire passes through the I-shaped sleeve and is glued to the I-shaped sleeve; the wire located on the outside of the handle is connected to the charging pile
  • a rubber sleeve is fixedly installed on the outer circular surface of the rubber sleeve, one end of the rubber sleeve has an annular disc, and one end of the rubber sleeve with an annular disc is inserted into the handle and interlocked with the I-shaped sleeve;
  • Two fixed discs Two fixed discs.
  • the first fixed disc rotates on the inner side of the end of the joint near the handle, and the second fixed disc is located on the inner side of the handle near the end of the joint.
  • the electric wire is in a relaxed state, and the electric wire between the second fixed disc and the rubber-covered annular disc is in a relaxed state.
  • the inner rod of the speed-type damper and the end of the I-shaped sleeve close to the second fixed disk are connected by a first pull rope.
  • a limit mechanism is installed on the rear side of the handle to limit the swing of the handle and the rotating shell.
  • a first installation cavity is opened on the inside of the above-mentioned joint, a sliding cavity is opened at one end of the first installation cavity, a first rope hole passing through the joint is opened at one end of the sliding cavity, and another There is a sliding groove at one end, and two symmetrically distributed square holes are opened at one end of the sliding groove; the velocity-type damper is installed in the first installation cavity, and the inner rod of the velocity-type damper is located in the sliding cavity, and the output of the velocity-type damper The first rope connected to the end passes through the first rope hole; one end of the first spring is fixedly installed on the housing of the speed damper, and the other end of the first spring is fixedly installed on the end surface of the first installation cavity; U-shaped The plate is slidably installed in the sliding groove.
  • the U-shaped plate and the speed damper are fixedly connected by a connecting plate.
  • the two convex ends of the U-shaped plate penetrate two square holes and are located on the outside of the joint.
  • the two clamps are respectively fixedly installed
  • the U-shaped plate is located on the two protrusions at the outer end of the joint, and is located on the lower side of the limit stop; when the inner rod of the speed damper is slowly pulled out, the shell of the speed damper is on the first spring It is still under the action, and the two clamps are located on the front side of the limit clamp installed on the joint; when the inner rod of the speed damper is pulled out quickly, the shell of the speed damper is pulled toward the installation due to the increase of damping force One side of the first spring slides, and the two clamping blocks slide to the lower sides of the two ends of the limit clamping blocks installed on the joint.
  • the upper end of the handle is provided with a second wire installation hole
  • the lower end of the second wire installation hole is opened with a second installation cavity
  • the lower end of the second installation cavity is opened with a third installation cavity
  • the third installation cavity A fourth installation cavity is opened on the lower side of the 4th installation cavity, one end of the fourth installation cavity communicates with the third installation cavity, and the other end of the fourth installation cavity communicates with the outside of the handle;
  • the second fixing plate is matched with the upper end surface of the second installation cavity;
  • the handle A through second rope hole is also opened between the upper end of the cable and the third installation cavity.
  • the above-mentioned I-shaped sleeve is composed of a first disc, a connecting sleeve and a second disc.
  • the first disc and the second disc are respectively installed at the upper and lower ends of the connecting sleeve.
  • the first disc is located in the third installation cavity.
  • the two discs are located in the fourth installation cavity, the upper end of the second spring is fixedly installed on the upper end surface of the third installation cavity, and the lower end of the second spring is fixedly installed on the lower end surface of the third installation cavity; the wires are passed through and glued To the first disc, the connecting sleeve and the second disc.
  • a U-shaped disc is fixedly installed at one end of the rubber sleeve in the handle, the annular disc is fixedly installed on the upper end of the U-shaped disc, the annular disc is located in the fourth installation cavity, and the second disc of the I-shaped sleeve is nested in the U-shaped disc. , And is limited by the annular disc; the upper end of the third spring is fixedly installed on the lower end surface of the annular disc, and the lower end of the third spring is fixedly installed on the lower end surface of the fourth installation cavity.
  • One end of the first pull rope connected with the I-shaped sleeve passes through the second rope hole.
  • the wire located in the second installation cavity is in a slack state.
  • a fifth installation cavity is opened in the above-mentioned connector, and first wire installation holes are opened at both ends of the fifth installation.
  • the wire mounting hole communicates with the end of the connector near the handle; the first wire mounting hole near the half-round plug has a second limiting slot, the first wire mounting hole near the handle has a first limiting slot, and a third fixing plate It is fixedly installed in the third limiting groove, and the first fixed disk is rotatably installed in the first limiting groove; the wire between the first fixed disk and the third fixed disk is in a slack state.
  • two annular grooves are opened on the outer surface of the above-mentioned joint near the end of the handle.
  • Two ring blocks are installed on the inner circular surface, and the inner circular surface between the two ring blocks on the rotating shell is equipped with a plurality of elastic protrusions evenly in the circumferential direction.
  • the rotating shell passes through two ring blocks and two ring grooves.
  • the rotating fit of the connector is installed at the end of the connector away from the semicircular plug; the elastic protrusions installed on the rotating shell are matched with the grooves opened on the connector one by one.
  • the upper end of the above-mentioned handle has lugs, and the handle is hingedly mounted with the rotating shell through the lugs.
  • the second guide roller is fixedly installed in the rotating shell through the first support
  • the third guide roller is installed in the rotating shell through the third support
  • the second guide roller and the third guide roller pair enter the rotating shell.
  • the first rope guide inside; the first guide roller is installed in the rotating shell through the second support, the first guide roller guides the wires entering the rotating shell, the first guide roller, the second guide roller and the third guide roller Appears in pairs; the third guide roller is located at the hinged axis of the handle and the rotating shell.
  • a partition for isolating the electric wire and the first rope is installed in the rotating shell.
  • two stoppers are installed symmetrically on both sides of the above-mentioned rotating shell.
  • two third limiting grooves are symmetrically opened on the lower side of the rear end of the rotating shell.
  • the above-mentioned limiting mechanism includes a first mounting shell, a trigger plate, a second mounting shell, a mounting rod, a limiting plate, a fourth spring, a second pull rope, an arc-shaped pull block, and a leaf spring, wherein the lower end of the first mounting shell There is a swing gap, the first mounting shell is fixedly mounted on the outer circular surface of the lower end of the handle, the second mounting shell is fixedly mounted on the outer circular surface of the upper end of the handle, and a mounting rod is installed between the first mounting shell and the second mounting shell.
  • the two protrusions on the upper end of the limiting plate are matched with the two third limiting grooves opened on the rotating shell.
  • the rear end of the above-mentioned rotating shell is provided with an escape notch.
  • the beneficial effects of the design of the present invention are as follows: 1.
  • the speed-type damper is used to identify the two situations mentioned in the background, and it has a strong practical effect to determine the locking degree of each situation. 2.
  • the speed damper in the present invention when the charging device is subjected to a sudden impact, if someone accidentally trips on the wire of the charging device, the wire of the charging device will be pulled through the rubber sleeve or the I-shaped sleeve at this time. And the first rope pulls the speed type damper, the speed type damper will drive the two blocks to slide due to the large damping force, so that the two blocks will limit the swing of the limit block, which is the limit of the clamping effect.
  • the clip will not disengage from the clamping protrusion on the electric car after being pulled, that is, the charging device will not disengage from the electric car when subjected to a sudden impact, which can prevent the charging device and the electric car from nesting. There is a gap between the matched parts, causing sparks and causing damage to the charging equipment and electric vehicles. 3.
  • people will drive away the electric car without removing the charging equipment. Because most cars start slowly and the charging equipment is slowly pulled, the wire of the charging equipment will be pulled through at this time.
  • the rubber sleeve, the I-shaped sleeve and the first pull rope pull the speed damper. At this time, the inner rod of the speed damper will be pulled.
  • the speed damper has a small damping force, and its shell is in the first spring. Under the action, it is basically in a static state. In this case, the two clamps and the limit clamps are distributed in a misaligned manner. The two clamps will not limit the limit clamps, and the limit clamps cooperate with them on the electric vehicle. The protruding squeeze will hem, and finally completely disengaged, which can prevent the components of the charging device and the electric vehicle from being pulled and damaged, especially the electric vehicle pulling the charging pile through the wire to cause it to be damaged.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall appearance of the component.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall component distribution.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the half-round plug, connector, rotating shell, and handle.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the joint structure.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rotating shell.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the handle structure.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the limit block.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the limit block and the tool sleeve.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the I-shaped sleeve and the rubber sleeve.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the limit mechanism.
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first mounting shell, the second mounting shell and the third mounting shell.
  • Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the limit mechanism.
  • Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of electric vehicle charging at different charging positions.
  • U-shaped disc; 53 annular disc; 54, first mounting shell; 55, trigger plate; 56, second mounting shell; 57, mounting rod; 58, third rope hole; 59, swing gap; 60, limit Position plate; 61, fourth spring; 62, second pull rope; 63, curved pull block; 64, fixed shaft; 65, leaf spring; 66, partition; 67, third guide roller; 68, third support ; 69, the second limit slot; 70, the third fixed plate.
  • FIG. 1 it includes a semicircular plug 1, a connector 2, a handle 4, and a limiting block 12.
  • the front end of the connector 2 has a semicircular plug 1
  • the semicircular plug 1 has a socket 17, and the back end of the connector 2 is installed
  • the handle 4 is characterized in that: as shown in Figures 2 and 8, a speed-type damper 5 and a speed-type damper 5 are installed on the inner side of the joint 2, and its energy consumption capacity is related to the speed. The greater the force; the first spring 35 is installed between the housing of the speed damper 5 and the joint 2; one end of the elastic plate 11 is fixedly installed at the front end of the joint 2, and the limit block 12 is fixedly installed on the elastic plate 11; As shown in FIG. 7, two clamping blocks 41 are symmetrically slidably mounted on the front side of the joint 2 and sliding on the lower side of the limiting block 12, and the two clamping blocks 41 are fixedly connected to the housing of the speed damper 5.
  • one end of the handle 4 is swing-mounted with a rotating shell 3, which is rotatably installed at the rear end of the joint 2.
  • the I-shaped sleeve 9 is slidably installed in the handle 4, and A second spring 45 is installed between the I-shaped sleeve 9 and the handle 4; one end of the wire 6 is connected to the input end of the half-round plug 1, the other end of the wire 6 passes through the connector 2 and the handle 4, and finally passes out of the handle 4 to charge
  • the output end of the pile is connected, and the electric wire 6 passes through the I-shaped sleeve 9 and is glued with the I-shaped sleeve 9;
  • One end has an annular disc 53, and one end of the rubber sleeve 10 with an annular disc 53 is inserted into the handle 4 and interlocked with the I-shaped sleeve 9; a first fixing disc 36 and a second fixing disc 44 are fixedly installed on the electric wire 6.
  • the fixed plate 36 rotates on the inner side of the end of the joint 2 near the handle 4, and the second fixed plate 44 is located on the inner side of the end of the handle 4 near the joint 2; when it is not normally pulled, the first fixed plate 36 and the second fixed plate 44 are The electric wires 6 in the middle are in a relaxed state, and the electric wires 6 between the second fixed disc 44 and the annular disc 53 on the rubber sleeve 10 are in a relaxed state.
  • the wire 6 between the first fixing plate 36 and the second fixing plate 44 is designed to be in a slack state; when the handle 4 swings relative to the connector 2, the wire 6 at the end fixed to the handle 4 is forced to pull the first fixing plate 36 and the first fixing plate 36 and the second fixing plate.
  • the wires 6 between the two fixing plates 44 can be prevented to a certain extent from being broken by the reserved slack wires 6.
  • the rear side of the handle 4 is equipped with a limit mechanism 8 that restricts whether the handle 4 and the rotating shell 3 swing or not.
  • a limit mechanism 8 that restricts whether the handle 4 and the rotating shell 3 swing or not.
  • the handle 4 is designed to swing relative to the connector 2, and a shell is added on this basis. Rotating the shell 3 realizes the universal rotation of the handle 4 and the joint 2.
  • a first installation cavity 13 is opened on the inner side of the above-mentioned joint 2;
  • the other end of the first installation cavity 13 is provided with a sliding groove 21, and one end of the sliding groove 21 is provided with two symmetrically distributed square holes 20; as shown in Fig. 2, the velocity damper 5 is installed in the first installation cavity 13.
  • the inner rod of the speed damper 5 is located in the sliding cavity 14, and the first draw rope 7 connected to the output end of the speed damper 5 passes through the first rope hole 15; one end of the first spring 35 is fixedly mounted on the speed damper On the shell of 5, the other end of the first spring 35 is fixedly installed on the end surface of the first installation cavity 13; When pulling slowly, the first spring 35 provides a resistance to the housing of the speed damper to prevent the inner rod of the speed damper 5 from pulling the speed damper 5 in this state.
  • the speed damper 5 can slide and affect the limit stop 12
  • the U-shaped plate 34 is slidably installed in the sliding groove 21, the U-shaped plate 34 and the speed damper 5 are fixedly connected by the connecting plate 42, and the two convex ends of the U-shaped plate 34 pass through two square holes 20 is located on the outside of the joint 2, and the two clamps 41 are respectively fixedly installed on the two protrusions of the U-shaped plate 34 at the outer end of the joint 2, and are located on the lower side of the limit clamp 12; in the rod of the speed damper 5 When pulled out slowly, the shell of the speed damper 5 is stationary under the action of the first spring 35, and the two blocks 41 are located on the front side of the limit block 12 installed on the joint 2; in the speed damper 5 When the inner rod is pulled out quickly, the housing of the speed damper 5 is pulled to the side where the first spring 35 is installed due to the increase in damping force and slides, and the two blocks 41 slide to the limit blocks installed on the joint 2 The underside of the 12 ends.
  • the upper end of the handle 4 is provided with a second wire installation hole 29, the lower end of the second wire installation hole 29 is opened with a second installation cavity 31, and the lower end of the second installation cavity 31 is opened with a third installation cavity 32.
  • the lower side of the third installation cavity 32 is opened with a fourth installation cavity 33, one end of the fourth installation cavity 33 communicates with the third installation cavity 32, and the other end of the fourth installation cavity 33 communicates with the outside of the handle 4;
  • the second fixing plate 44 is matched with the upper end surface of the second mounting cavity 31;
  • a second rope hole 30 is also opened between the upper end of the handle 4 and the third mounting cavity 32.
  • the above-mentioned I-shaped sleeve 9 is composed of a first disc 47, a connecting sleeve 49 and a second disc 50.
  • the first disc 47 and the second disc 50 are respectively installed on the upper and lower ends of the connecting sleeve 49.
  • the first disk 47 is located in the third mounting cavity 32
  • the second disk 50 is located in the fourth mounting cavity 33
  • the upper end of the second spring 45 is fixedly mounted on the upper end surface of the third mounting cavity 32
  • the second spring 45 The lower end is fixedly installed on the lower end surface of the third installation cavity 32; the wire 6 passes through and is glued to the first disc 47, the connecting sleeve 49 and the second disc 50.
  • the second spring 45 resets the I-shaped sleeve 9.
  • a U-shaped disc 52 is fixedly installed at one end of the rubber sleeve 10 located in the handle 4.
  • the annular disc 53 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the U-shaped disc 52, and the annular disc 53 is located in the fourth installation cavity 33.
  • the second disc 50 of the I-shaped sleeve 9 is nested in the U-shaped disc 52 and is restricted by the annular disc 53; the upper end of the third spring 46 is fixedly mounted on the lower end surface of the annular disc 53, and the lower end of the third spring 46 It is fixedly installed on the lower end surface of the fourth installation cavity 33.
  • the third spring 46 resets the rubber sleeve 10.
  • the end of the first rope 7 connected with the I-shaped sleeve 9 passes through the second rope hole 30.
  • the wire 6 located in the second installation cavity 31 is in a slack state; the purpose of this design is to prevent the wire 6 of the charging device from being pulled after being pulled, and to prevent the handle 4 and the connector from moving.
  • the wire 6 between 2 is under tension.
  • a fifth installation cavity 51 is opened in the above-mentioned connector 2. Both ends of the fifth installation are provided with first wire installation holes 16, and the first wire installation hole 16 near the half-round plug 1 communicates with the half-round plug 1. , The other first wire mounting hole 16 communicates with the end of the connector 2 close to the handle 4; the first wire mounting hole 16 near the half-round plug 1 has a second limiting slot 69, and the first wire mounting hole 16 near the handle 4 A first limiting slot 18 is opened inside. As shown in FIGS.
  • the third fixed disk 70 is fixedly installed in the third limiting slot 27, and the first fixed disk 36 is rotatably installed in the first limiting slot 18;
  • the electric wire 6 between the first fixed disk 36 and the third fixed disk 70 is in a slack state.
  • the reason why the wire 6 between the first fixed disk 36 and the third fixed disk 70 is designed to be in a slack state is to prevent the rotating shell 3 from rotating relative to the connector 2, and the rotating shell 3 will drive the wires 6 inside the connector 2 to rotate through
  • the wire 6 in a slack state buffers the damage to the connection between the wire 6 and the half-round plug 1 due to the rotation.
  • the above-mentioned connector 2 has two annular grooves 19 on the outer surface of one end close to the handle 4, and the connector 2 is located on the outer surface of the two annular grooves 19 and has a plurality of grooves evenly opened in the circumferential direction. 26.
  • two ring blocks 23 are installed on the inner circular surface of the rotating shell 3, and a plurality of elastic blocks are evenly installed on the inner circular surface of the rotating shell 3 between the two ring blocks 23 in the circumferential direction.
  • the rotating shell 3 is installed on the end of the connector 2 away from the semicircular plug 1 through the rotation of two annular blocks 23 and two annular grooves 19; the rotating shell 3 is installed on the elastic protrusion 25 and The grooves 26 opened on the joint 2 are matched in one-to-one correspondence.
  • the rotation of the rotating shell 3 and the joint 2 is restricted by the cooperation of the elastic protrusion 25 and the card slot 26 when the rotating shell 3 and the joint 2 are not pulled normally.
  • the rotating shell 3 will break through the limit of the elastic protrusion 25 and the card slot 26 to rotate relative to the joint 2; when a person trips on the wire 6, the rotating shell 3 will not be triggered, and rotate the shell when the car pulls the wire 6. 3 will be triggered.
  • the upper end of the handle 4 has a lug 28.
  • the handle 4 is hingedly mounted with the rotating shell 3 through the lug 28.
  • the second guide roller 38 is fixedly installed in the rotating housing 3 through the first support 39, the third guide roller 67 is installed in the rotating housing 3 through the third support 68, and the second guide roller 38 and The third guide roller 67 guides the first rope 7 entering the rotating shell 3;
  • the first guide roller 37 is installed in the rotating shell 3 through the second support 40, and the first guide roller 37 is for the wires 6 entering the rotating shell 3 Guide;
  • the first guide roller 37, the second guide roller 38 and the third guide roller 67 appear in pairs;
  • the third guide roller 67 is located at the hinge axis of the handle 4 and the rotating shell 3; through the second guide roller 38 and the first
  • the three-wire roller guides the first rope 7 entering the rotating shell 3 to ensure that the first rope 7 can trigger the speed damper 5 normally.
  • a partition 66 is installed in the rotating shell 3 to isolate the electric wire 6 and the first rope 7.
  • two stoppers 43 are installed symmetrically on both sides of the rotating shell 3 to prevent the handle 4 from swinging to the side close to the joint 2.
  • two third limiting grooves 27 are symmetrically opened on the lower side of the rear end of the rotating shell 3.
  • the above-mentioned limiting mechanism 8 includes a first mounting shell 54, a trigger plate 55, a second mounting shell 56, a mounting rod 57, a limiting plate 60, a fourth spring 61, and a second rope 62 , Arc-shaped pull block 63, plate spring 65, where as shown in Figure 11, the lower end of the first mounting shell 54 is opened with a swing gap 59, the first mounting shell 54 is fixedly mounted on the outer circular surface of the lower end of the handle 4, the second The mounting shell 56 is fixedly mounted on the outer circular surface of the upper end of the handle 4. A mounting rod 57 is installed between the first mounting shell 54 and the second mounting shell 56.
  • One of the first mounting shell 54, the second mounting shell 56 and the mounting rod 57 There is a through third rope hole 58 therebetween.
  • one end of the arc-shaped pull block 63 is installed in the first mounting shell 54 through a fixed shaft 64, and one end of the trigger plate 55 is installed in the arc-shaped pull block 63.
  • the other end of the trigger plate 55 penetrates through the swing gap 59 on the first mounting shell 54 and is located on the outside of the first mounting shell 54.
  • the trigger plate 55 is matched with the wire 6 located on the outside of the handle 4;
  • the plate 60 is slidably mounted in the second mounting shell 56, and a fourth spring 61 is installed between the lower end of the limiting plate 60 and the bottom surface of the second mounting shell 56, the lower end of the limiting plate 60 and the upper end of the arc-shaped pull block 63
  • the second drawstring 62 is connected by the second drawstring 62 through the third drawstring hole;
  • the trigger plate 55 is located between one end of the first mounting shell 54 and the first mounting shell 54 with a leaf spring 65 installed.
  • the function of the leaf spring 65 is to reset the trigger plate 55, and the function of the fourth spring 61 is to reset the limit plate 60.
  • the two protrusions on the upper end of the above-mentioned limiting plate 60 are matched with the two third limiting grooves 27 opened on the rotating shell 3.
  • the rear end of the rotating shell 3 is provided with an escape notch 24.
  • the trigger plate 55 After the wire 6 of the charging device is pulled, the trigger plate 55 will be squeezed.
  • the trigger plate 55 swings around the fixed shaft 64.
  • the trigger plate 55 swings to drive the arc pull block 63 to swing, and the arc pull block 63 swings to pull the second Pull the rope 62, the second rope 62 pulls the limit plate 60 to move down, so that the limit plate 60 is separated from the third limit slot 27 on the rotating shell 3, and the limit mechanism 8 loses the swing of the handle 4 and the rotating shell 3
  • the limit position ensures that the angle between the pulling force and the sliding direction of the I-shaped sleeve 9 is as small as possible, and it is convenient to drive the rope trigger block 41 to limit the limit block 12.
  • the present invention is in actual practice due to the different charging positions of the vehicle, and the direction of the pulling force after starting is random.
  • the handle 4 is hinged on the rotating shell 3, and the rotating shell 3 and the joint 2 rotate to ensure that the pulling force affects the pulling rope. Pulling direction; when the handle 4 receives a pulling force perpendicular to the handle 4 and the pulling force lies in the plane formed by the joint 2 and the handle 4, the pulling force is perpendicular to the pulling direction of the rope, and the pulling force cannot pull the rope, and the pulling force is opposite through the handle 4. Due to the swing of the rotating shell 3, the pulling force is gradually the same as the pulling direction of the rope, and the pulling effect of the pulling force on the rope is guaranteed.
  • the inner rod and the shell of the speed damper 5 are basically kept in an integrated state, so when the charging device is subjected to a sudden impact, the speed damper 5 will Drive the connecting plate 42 to slide, the connecting plate 42 drives the U-shaped plate 34 to slide, the U-shaped plate 34 slides to drive the two blocks 41 to slide, so that they slide to the lower side of the limit block to limit the limit block 12;
  • the clamping limit block 12 will not disengage from the clamping protrusion on the electric vehicle after being pulled, that is, the charging device will not be disengaged from the electric vehicle when subjected to a sudden impact, which can prevent charging There is a gap between the nested and matched parts of the equipment and the electric vehicle, causing sparks and causing damage to the charging equipment and the electric vehicle.
  • the inner rod of the speed-type damper 5 will be pulled, and the shell of the speed-type damper 5 is basically in a static state under the action of the first spring 35.
  • the two clamping blocks 41 and the limiting block 12 are misaligned, and the two clamping blocks 41 will not limit the limiting block 12, and the limiting block 12 is affected by the protrusion of the electric vehicle.
  • the squeezing will cause the hem to be detached easily, which can prevent the components of the charging device and the electric vehicle from being damaged by tension, especially when the electric vehicle pulls the charging pile through the wire 6 to cause it to be damaged.

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Abstract

一种电动汽车适用的安全充电设备，它包括半圆插头（1）、接头（2）、手柄（4）、限位卡块（12），通过速度型阻尼器（5）识别两种情况，确定每种情况的锁紧程度。在充电设备受到突然的冲击力时，如有人不小心绊在充电设备的电线上，充电设备不会与电动车脱开，可以防止充电设备与电动车相互嵌套配合的部件之间出现间隙，引起火花，给充电设备和电动车带来损害；电动车充电完成后，人们在没有拨下充电设备的情况下就开走电动车的时候，该充电设备与电动车脱开，可以防止充电设备与电动车相互嵌套配合的部件受拉损坏，特别是电动车通过电线拉动充电桩使其受损。

Description

一种电动汽车适用的安全充电设备 技术领域
本发明属于电动汽车技术领域，尤其涉及一种电动汽车适用的安全充电设备。
 背景技术
电动汽车是指以车载电源为动力，用电机驱动车轮行驶，符合道路交通、安全法规各项要求的车辆，由于对环境影响相对传统汽车较小，其前景被广泛看好，其中电动汽车有专门对其进行充电的装置，使得能够保证电量充足进行使用。
在充电时，如有人不小心绊在充电设备的电线上，给充电器一个瞬间冲击，这种情况会出现两种情况，一种是，电线被拉一下，但因为作用力较小，电线较粗，不会有太大的影响；第二种是，插头被拉开，因一般的电动汽车的电流较大，插头出现松动就有可能造成火花，引起事故；针对这种情况希望插头插接较紧不易松动。
在充电时，还有一种小概率事件，就是在充电完成后，如果人们没有注意，直接开车离开，电线被拉，因为作用力较大，一般插接较紧的插头会被拉开，但拉开是因为电线传递了较大的力，电线势必受到较大拉力，势必受到影响；若插头不被拉开，引起电线拉动充电桩的情况，导致充电桩损坏，针对这种情况希望插头插接较松易脱开。
上述两种情况存在一定的矛盾性，一个要求不易松开，一个要求极易松开。
 技术问题
本发明设计一种电动汽车适用的安全充电设备解决如上技术问题。
 技术解决方案
为解决现有技术中的上述缺陷，本发明公开一种电动汽车适用的安全充电设备，它是采用以下技术方案来实现的。
一种电动汽车适用的安全充电设备，它包括半圆插头、接头、手柄、限位卡块，其中接头的前端具有半圆插头，半圆插头上具有插孔，接头的后端安装有手柄，其特征在于：所述接头的内侧安装有速度型阻尼器，速度型阻尼器的壳体与接头之间安装有第一弹簧；弹性板的一端固定安装在接头的前端，限位卡块固定安装在弹性板上；两个卡块对称的滑动安装在接头的前侧且滑动于限位卡块的下侧，两个卡块与速度型阻尼器的壳体固定连接。
上述手柄的一端摆动安装有旋转壳，旋转壳旋转安装在接头的后端；工型套滑动安装在手柄内，且工型套与手柄之间安装有第二弹簧；电线的一端与半圆插头内的输入端连接，电线的另一端经过接头和手柄，最后穿出手柄外侧与充电桩的输出端连接，电线穿过工型套并与工型套粘合；位于手柄外侧与充电桩连接的电线的外圆面上固定安装有橡胶套，橡胶套的一端具有环形盘，橡胶套具有环形盘的一端插入手柄内与工型套相互勾嵌；所述电线上固定安装有第一固定盘和第二固定盘，第一固定盘旋转于接头靠近手柄一端的内侧，第二固定盘位于手柄靠近接头一端的内侧；在正常未被拉拽的时候，第一固定盘和第二固定盘之间的电线为松弛状态，第二固定盘和橡胶套上环形盘之间的电线为松弛状态。
上述速度型阻尼器的内杆与工型套靠近第二固定盘的一端通过第一拉绳连接。
上述手柄的后侧安装有限制手柄与旋转壳摆动与否的限位机构，穿出手柄外侧的电线被触发向后拉拽的时候，电线通过外圆面上的橡胶套挤压触发限位机构，使得手柄与旋转壳的摆动功能打开。
作为本技术的进一步改进，上述接头的内侧开有第一安装腔，第一安装腔的一端开有滑动腔，滑动腔的一端开有穿出接头的第一绳孔，第一安装腔的另一端开有滑动槽，滑动槽的一端开有两个对称分布的方形孔；速度型阻尼器安装在第一安装腔内，速度型阻尼器的内杆位于滑动腔内，与速度型阻尼器输出端连接的第一拉绳穿过第一绳孔；第一弹簧的一端固定安装在速度型阻尼器的壳体上，第一弹簧的另一端固定安装在第一安装腔的端面上；U型板滑动安装在滑动槽内，U型板与速度型阻尼器之间通过连接板固定连接，U型板的两个凸起端穿出两个方形孔位于接头外侧，两个卡块分别固定安装在U型板位于接头外侧一端的两个凸起上，且位于限位卡块的下侧；在速度型阻尼器内杆被缓慢拉出时，速度型阻尼器的壳体在第一弹簧的作用下静止，两个卡块位于接头上安装的限位卡块的前侧；在速度型阻尼器内杆被快速拉出时，速度型阻尼器的壳体因阻尼力增加被拉向安装有第一弹簧的一侧滑动，两个卡块滑动到接头上安装的限位卡块两端的下侧。
作为本技术的进一步改进，上述手柄的上端开有第二电线安装孔，第二电线安装孔的下端开有第二安装腔，第二安装腔的下端开有第三安装腔，第三安装腔的下侧开有第四安装腔，第四安装腔的一端与第三安装腔相通，第四安装腔的另一端与手柄外侧相通；第二固定盘与第二安装腔的上端面配合；手柄的上端与第三安装腔之间还开有贯通的第二绳孔。
上述工型套由第一圆盘、连接套和第二圆盘组成，第一圆盘和第二圆盘分别安装在连接套的上下两端，第一圆盘位于第三安装腔内，第二圆盘位于第四安装腔内，第二弹簧的上端固定安装在第三安装腔的上端面上，第二弹簧的下端固定安装在第三安装腔的下端面上；电线穿过并粘合于第一圆盘、连接套和第二圆盘。
上述橡胶套位于手柄内的一端固定安装有U型盘，环形盘固定安装在U型盘的上端，环形盘位于第四安装腔内，工型套的第二圆盘嵌套于U型盘内，且被环形盘限位；第三弹簧的上端固定安装在环形盘的下端面上，第三弹簧的下端固定安装在第四安装腔的下端面上。
上述第一拉绳与工型套连接的一端穿过第二绳孔。
在正常未被拉拽的时候，位于上述第二安装腔内的电线处于松弛状态。
作为本技术的进一步改进，上述接头内开有第五安装腔，第五安装的两端均开有第一电线安装孔，靠近半圆插头的第一电线安装孔与半圆插头相通，另一个第一电线安装孔与接头靠近手柄的一端相通；靠近半圆插头的第一电线安装孔内开有第二限位槽，靠近手柄的第一电线安装孔内开有第一限位槽，第三固定盘固定安装在第三限位槽内，第一固定盘旋转安装在第一限位槽内；第一固定盘和第三固定盘之间的电线处于松弛状态。
作为本技术的进一步改进，上述接头靠近手柄一端的外圆面上开有两个环形槽，接头上位于两个环形槽的外圆面上周向均匀的开有多个卡槽，旋转壳的内圆面上安装有两个环形块，旋转壳上位于两个环形块之间的内圆面上周向均匀的安装有多个弹性凸起，旋转壳通过两个环形块与两个环形槽的旋转配合安装在接头远离半圆插头的一端；旋转壳上安装在弹性凸起与接头上所开的卡槽一一对应配合。
作为本技术的进一步改进，上述手柄的上端具有支耳，手柄通过支耳与旋转壳铰接安装。
作为本技术的进一步改进，第二导向滚轮通过第一支撑固定安装在上述旋转壳内，第三导向滚轮通过第三支撑安装在旋转壳内，第二导向滚轮和第三导向滚轮对进入旋转壳内的第一拉绳导向；第一导向滚轮通过第二支撑安装在旋转壳内，第一导向滚轮对进入旋转壳内的电线导向，上述第一导向滚轮、第二导向滚轮和第三导向滚轮成对出现；第三导向滚轮位于手柄与旋转壳的铰接的轴线处。
上述旋转壳内安装有对电线和第一拉绳起到隔离的隔板。
作为本技术的进一步改进，上述旋转壳的两侧对称的安装有两个挡块。
作为本技术的进一步改进，上述旋转壳后端的下侧对称的开有两个第三限位槽。
上述限位机构包括、第一安装壳、触发板、第二安装壳、安装杆、限位板、第四弹簧、第二拉绳、弧形拉块、板簧，其中第一安装壳的下端开有摆动缺口，第一安装壳固定安装在手柄下端的外圆面上，第二安装壳固定安装在手柄上端的外圆面上，第一安装壳和第二安装壳之间安装有安装杆，第一安装壳、第二安装壳和安装杆之间开有贯通的第三绳孔，弧形拉块的一端通过固定轴安装在第一安装壳内，触发板的一端安装在弧形拉块，触发板的另一端穿出第一安装壳上的摆动缺口位于第一安装壳外侧，触发板与位于手柄外侧的电线配合；限位板为U型结构，限位板滑动安装在第二安装壳内，且限位板的下端与第二安装壳的底面之间安装有第四弹簧，限位板的下端与弧形拉块的上端通过第二拉绳连接，第二拉绳穿过第三拉绳孔；触发板位于第一安装壳的一端与第一安装壳之间安装有板簧。
上述限位板上端的两个凸起与旋转壳上所开的两个第三限位槽配合。
作为本技术的进一步改进，上述旋转壳的后端开有避让缺口。
 有益效果
相对于传统的电动汽车技术，本发明设计的有益效果如下：1、本发明中通过速度型阻尼器识别背景所述两种情况，确定每种情况的锁紧程度具有较强的实用效果。2、本发明中通过速度型阻尼器，在充电设备受到突然的冲击力时，如有人不小心绊在充电设备的电线上，此时充电设备的电线就会被拉动通过橡胶套、工型套和第一拉绳拉动速度型阻尼器，速度型阻尼器因阻尼力较大会带动两个卡块滑动，使得两个卡块对限位卡块的摆动限位，即起卡紧作用的限位卡块在受拉后不会和电动汽车上起卡紧作用的凸起脱开，即充电设备在受到突然的冲击力时不会与电动车脱开，可以防止充电设备与电动车相互嵌套配合的部件之间出现间隙，引起火花，给充电设备和电动车带来损害。3、电动车充电完成后，人们在没有拨下充电设备的情况下就开走电动车，因大部分汽车的起步较慢，充电设备受到缓慢拉力，此时充电设备的电线就会被拉动通过橡胶套、工型套和第一拉绳拉动速度型阻尼器，此时速度型阻尼器的内杆就会被拉动，而速度型阻尼器因阻尼力较小，其壳体在第一弹簧的作用下基本处于静止状态，在这种情况下，两个卡块与限位卡块错位分布，两个卡块不会对限位卡块限位，限位卡块在受到电动车上与其配合的凸起的挤压就会下摆，最后完全脱开，可以防止充电设备与电动车相互嵌套配合的部件受拉损坏，特别是电动车通过电线拉动充电桩使其受损。
 附图说明
图1是整体部件外观示意图。
图2是整体部件分布示意图。
图3是半圆插头、接头、旋转壳、手柄安装示意图。
图4是接头结构示意图。
图5是旋转壳结构示意图。
图6是手柄结构示意图。
图7是限位卡块安装示意图。
图8是限位块和工型套安装示意图。
图9是工型套和橡胶套结构示意图。
图10是限位机构安装示意图。
图11是第一安装壳、第二安装壳和第三安装壳结构示意图。
图12是限位机构内部结构示意图。
图13是不同充电位置的电动车充电示意图。
图中标号名称：1、半圆插头；2、接头；3、旋转壳；4、手柄；5、速度型阻尼器；6、电线；7、第一拉绳；8、限位机构；9、工型套；10、橡胶套；11、弹性板；12、限位卡块；13、第一安装腔；14、滑动腔；15、第一绳孔；16、第一电线安装孔；17、插孔；18、第一限位槽；19、环形槽；20、方形孔；21、滑动槽；23、环形块；24、避让缺口；25、弹性凸起；26、卡槽；27、第三限位槽；28、支耳；29、第二电线安装孔；30、第二绳孔；31、第二安装腔；32、第三安装腔；33、第四安装腔；34、U型板；35、第一弹簧；36、第一固定盘；37、第一导向滚轮；38、第二导向滚轮；39、第一支撑；40、第二支撑；41、卡块；42、连接板；43、挡块；44、第二固定盘；45、第二弹簧；46、第三弹簧；47、第一圆盘；49、连接套；50、第二圆盘；51、第五安装腔；52、U型盘；53、环形盘；54、第一安装壳；55、触发板；56、第二安装壳；57、安装杆；58、第三绳孔；59、摆动缺口；60、限位板；61、第四弹簧；62、第二拉绳；63、弧形拉块；64、固定轴；65、板簧；66、隔板；67、第三导向滚轮；68、第三支撑；69、第二限位槽；70、第三固定盘。
 本发明的最佳实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例，对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细描述。以下实施例或者附图用于说明本发明，但不用来限制本发明的范围。
如图1所示，它包括半圆插头1、接头2、手柄4、限位卡块12，其中接头2的前端具有半圆插头1，半圆插头1上具有插孔17，接头2的后端安装有手柄4，其特征在于：如图2、8所示，所述接头2的内侧安装有速度型阻尼器5，速度型阻尼器5，其耗能能力与速度大小相关，变形速度越快，阻尼力越大；速度型阻尼器5的壳体与接头2之间安装有第一弹簧35；弹性板11的一端固定安装在接头2的前端，限位卡块12固定安装在弹性板11上；如图7所示，两个卡块41对称的滑动安装在接头2的前侧且滑动于限位卡块12的下侧，两个卡块41与速度型阻尼器5的壳体固定连接。
如图3所示，上述手柄4的一端摆动安装有旋转壳3，旋转壳3旋转安装在接头2的后端；如图2、8所示，工型套9滑动安装在手柄4内，且工型套9与手柄4之间安装有第二弹簧45；电线6的一端与半圆插头1内的输入端连接，电线6的另一端经过接头2和手柄4，最后穿出手柄4外侧与充电桩的输出端连接，电线6穿过工型套9并与工型套9粘合；位于手柄4外侧与充电桩连接的电线6的外圆面上固定安装有橡胶套10，橡胶套10的一端具有环形盘53，橡胶套10具有环形盘53的一端插入手柄4内与工型套9相互勾嵌；所述电线6上固定安装有第一固定盘36和第二固定盘44，第一固定盘36旋转于接头2靠近手柄4一端的内侧，第二固定盘44位于手柄4靠近接头2一端的内侧；在正常未被拉拽的时候，第一固定盘36和第二固定盘44之间的电线6为松弛状态，第二固定盘44和橡胶套10上环形盘53之间的电线6为松弛状态。
设计第一固定盘36和第二固定盘44之间的电线6为松弛状态；手柄4在相对接头2摆动的时候，与手柄4固定一端的电线6受力会拉动第一固定盘36和第二固定盘44之间的电线6，通过预留的松弛电线6可以一定程度上防止第一固定盘36和第二固定盘44之间的电线6被撑断。
如图8所示，上述速度型阻尼器5的内杆与工型套9靠近第二固定盘44的一端通过第一拉绳7连接。
如图1、2、10所示，上述手柄4的后侧安装有限制手柄4与旋转壳3摆动与否的限位机构8，穿出手柄4外侧的电线6被触发向后拉拽的时候，电线6通过外圆面上的橡胶套10挤压触发限位机构8，使得手柄4与旋转壳3的摆动功能打开。
因现在的电动汽车其充电口的设置位置各有不同，所以无论是在充电设备受到突然的冲击力还是充电设备受到缓慢拉力的时候，电线6对充电设备的拉力方向各有不同，有水平拉动的、反向拉动的和侧向拉动的，本发明为了防止充电设备在受到拉动后，拉力无法触发内部结构顺利运行，所以设计的手柄4可以相对接头2摆动，而且在这基础上增加了壳旋转壳3，实现手柄4与接头2的万向转动。
如图4所示，上述接头2的内侧开有第一安装腔13，第一安装腔13的一端开有滑动腔14，滑动腔14的一端开有穿出接头2的第一绳孔15，第一安装腔13的另一端开有滑动槽21，滑动槽21的一端开有两个对称分布的方形孔20；如图2所示，速度型阻尼器5安装在第一安装腔13内，速度型阻尼器5的内杆位于滑动腔14内，与速度型阻尼器5输出端连接的第一拉绳7穿过第一绳孔15；第一弹簧35的一端固定安装在速度型阻尼器5的壳体上，第一弹簧35的另一端固定安装在第一安装腔13的端面上；第一弹簧35预压，其作用是对速度型阻尼器5起复位作用，同时在充电设备受到缓慢拉力时，通过第一弹簧35给速度型在阻尼器的壳体提供一个阻力，防止速度型阻尼器5内杆在这种状态下拉动速度型阻尼器5可以滑动，影响限位卡块12的摆动；U型板34滑动安装在滑动槽21内，U型板34与速度型阻尼器5之间通过连接板42固定连接，U型板34的两个凸起端穿出两个方形孔20位于接头2外侧，两个卡块41分别固定安装在U型板34位于接头2外侧一端的两个凸起上，且位于限位卡块12的下侧；在速度型阻尼器5内杆被缓慢拉出时，速度型阻尼器5的壳体在第一弹簧35的作用下静止，两个卡块41位于接头2上安装的限位卡块12的前侧；在速度型阻尼器5内杆被快速拉出时，速度型阻尼器5的壳体因阻尼力增加被拉向安装有第一弹簧35的一侧滑动，两个卡块41滑动到接头2上安装的限位卡块12两端的下侧。
如图6所示，上述手柄4的上端开有第二电线安装孔29，第二电线安装孔29的下端开有第二安装腔31，第二安装腔31的下端开有第三安装腔32，第三安装腔32的下侧开有第四安装腔33，第四安装腔33的一端与第三安装腔32相通，第四安装腔33的另一端与手柄4外侧相通；第二固定盘44与第二安装腔31的上端面配合；手柄4的上端与第三安装腔32之间还开有贯通的第二绳孔30。
如图9所示，上述工型套9由第一圆盘47、连接套49和第二圆盘50组成，第一圆盘47和第二圆盘50分别安装在连接套49的上下两端，第一圆盘47位于第三安装腔32内，第二圆盘50位于第四安装腔33内，第二弹簧45的上端固定安装在第三安装腔32的上端面上，第二弹簧45的下端固定安装在第三安装腔32的下端面上；电线6穿过并粘合于第一圆盘47、连接套49和第二圆盘50。第二弹簧45对工型套9起复位作用。
如图2、8所示，上述橡胶套10位于手柄4内的一端固定安装有U型盘52，环形盘53固定安装在U型盘52的上端，环形盘53位于第四安装腔33内，工型套9的第二圆盘50嵌套于U型盘52内，且被环形盘53限位；第三弹簧46的上端固定安装在环形盘53的下端面上，第三弹簧46的下端固定安装在第四安装腔33的下端面上。第三弹簧46对橡胶套10起复位作用。
上述第一拉绳7与工型套9连接的一端穿过第二绳孔30。
在正常未被拉拽的时候，位于上述第二安装腔31内的电线6处于松弛状态；这一设计的目的是防止充电设备的电线6受拉后，电线6外移，防止手柄4和接头2之间的电线6受拉。
如图4所示，上述接头2内开有第五安装腔51，第五安装的两端均开有第一电线安装孔16，靠近半圆插头1的第一电线安装孔16与半圆插头1相通，另一个第一电线安装孔16与接头2靠近手柄4的一端相通；靠近半圆插头1的第一电线安装孔16内开有第二限位槽69，靠近手柄4的第一电线安装孔16内开有第一限位槽18，如图2、8所示，第三固定盘70固定安装在第三限位槽27内，第一固定盘36旋转安装在第一限位槽18内；第一固定盘36和第三固定盘70之间的电线6处于松弛状态。设计第一固定盘36和第三固定盘70之间的电线6处于松弛状态的原因是，防止旋转壳3在相对接头2旋转的时候，旋转壳3会带动接头2内侧的电线6旋转，通过松弛状态的电线6来缓冲因旋转对电线6和半圆插头1连接处带来的损害。
如图4所示，上述接头2靠近手柄4一端的外圆面上开有两个环形槽19，接头2上位于两个环形槽19的外圆面上周向均匀的开有多个卡槽26，如图5所示，旋转壳3的内圆面上安装有两个环形块23，旋转壳3上位于两个环形块23之间的内圆面上周向均匀的安装有多个弹性凸起25，如图3所示，旋转壳3通过两个环形块23与两个环形槽19的旋转配合安装在接头2远离半圆插头1的一端；旋转壳3上安装在弹性凸起25与接头2上所开的卡槽26一一对应配合。通过弹性凸起25和卡槽26的配合对旋转壳3和接头2在正常未被拉拽的时候旋转限位，旋转壳3和接头2保持相对静止，不影响正常的使用；在受到较大的扭转力后，旋转壳3就会突破弹性凸起25和卡槽26的限位相对接头2旋转；在人绊电线6时，旋转壳3不会被触发，在车拉动电线6时旋转壳3会被触发。
如图6所示，上述手柄4的上端具有支耳28，如图3所示，手柄4通过支耳28与旋转壳3铰接安装。
如图2、8所示，第二导向滚轮38通过第一支撑39固定安装在上述旋转壳3内，第三导向滚轮67通过第三支撑68安装在旋转壳3内，第二导向滚轮38和第三导向滚轮67对进入旋转壳3内的第一拉绳7导向；第一导向滚轮37通过第二支撑40安装在旋转壳3内，第一导向滚轮37对进入旋转壳3内的电线6导向；上述第一导向滚轮37、第二导向滚轮38和第三导向滚轮67成对出现；第三导向滚轮67位于手柄4与旋转壳3的铰接的轴线处；通过第二导向滚轮38和第三导线滚轮对进入旋转壳3内的第一拉绳7导向，保证第一拉绳7可以正常触发速度型阻尼器5。
如图8所示，上述旋转壳3内安装有对电线6和第一拉绳7起到隔离的隔板66。
如图1所示，上述旋转壳3的两侧对称的安装有两个挡块43，防止手柄4向靠近接头2的一侧摆动。
如图5所示，上述旋转壳3后端的下侧对称的开有两个第三限位槽27。
如图10、12所示，上述限位机构8包括、第一安装壳54、触发板55、第二安装壳56、安装杆57、限位板60、第四弹簧61、第二拉绳62、弧形拉块63、板簧65，其中如图11所示，第一安装壳54的下端开有摆动缺口59，第一安装壳54固定安装在手柄4下端的外圆面上，第二安装壳56固定安装在手柄4上端的外圆面上，第一安装壳54和第二安装壳56之间安装有安装杆57，第一安装壳54、第二安装壳56和安装杆57之间开有贯通的第三绳孔58，如图12所示，弧形拉块63的一端通过固定轴64安装在第一安装壳54内，触发板55的一端安装在弧形拉块63，触发板55的另一端穿出第一安装壳54上的摆动缺口59位于第一安装壳54外侧，触发板55与位于手柄4外侧的电线6配合；限位板60为U型结构，限位板60滑动安装在第二安装壳56内，且限位板60的下端与第二安装壳56的底面之间安装有第四弹簧61，限位板60的下端与弧形拉块63的上端通过第二拉绳62连接，第二拉绳62穿过第三拉绳孔；触发板55位于第一安装壳54的一端与第一安装壳54之间安装有板簧65。板簧65的作用是对触发板55复位，第四弹簧61的作用是对限位板60复位。
如图2所示，上述限位板60上端的两个凸起与旋转壳3上所开的两个第三限位槽27配合。
如图5所示，上述旋转壳3的后端开有避让缺口24。
在充电设备的电线6受拉后就会挤压触发板55，触发板55绕着固定轴64摆动，触发板55摆动带动弧形拉块63摆动，弧形拉块63摆动就会拉动第二拉绳62，第二拉绳62拉动限位板60下移，使得限位板60与旋转壳3上的第三限位槽27脱开，限位机构8失去对手柄4和旋转壳3摆动的限位，保证了拉力与工型套9滑动方向夹角尽可能小，便于带动拉绳触发卡块41对限位卡块12的限位。
如图13所示，本发明在实际实用中因车辆充电位置不同，起步后拉力的方向具有随机性，手柄4铰接于旋转壳3上，旋转壳3与接头2旋转保证了拉力对拉绳的拉拽方向；当手柄4受到垂直于手柄4的拉力且该拉力位于接头2与手柄4组成的平面内，此时拉力与拉绳拉拽方向垂直，拉力无法拉拽拉绳，通过手柄4相对于旋转壳3的摆动，拉力逐渐与拉绳拉拽方向相同，拉力对拉绳的拉拽作用得到保证，手柄4相对旋转壳3摆动过程中，因拉绳被第三导向滚轮67限定在摆动轴线上，故摆动对拉绳没有拉紧或拉松的不利效果；当手柄4受到垂直于手柄4的拉力且该拉力垂直于接头2与手柄4组成的平面，此时拉力与拉绳拉拽方向垂直，拉力无法拉拽拉绳，通过旋转壳3相对于接头2的旋转，旋转过程中因拉绳被第二导向滚轮38限定在远离旋转壳3旋转中心，旋转壳3的旋转能够直接触发拉绳的运动。
具体工作流程：当使用本发明设计的充电设备时，在充电设备受到突然的冲击力时，如有人不小心绊在充电设备的电线6上，此时充电设备的电线6就会拉动橡胶套10，橡胶套10滑动带动工型套9滑动，工型套9滑动拉动第一拉绳7，第一拉绳7拉动速度型阻尼器5内杆滑动，但是因其所受的冲击力为突然增加的，速度较快，所以速度型阻尼器5的阻力较大，速度型阻尼器5的内杆和壳体基本保持一体状态，所以在充电设备受到突然的冲击力时，速度型阻尼器5会带动连接板42滑动，连接板42带动U型板34滑动，U型板34滑动带动两个卡块41滑动，使其滑动到限位块的下侧对限位卡块12限位；即起卡紧作用的限位卡块12在受拉后不会和电动汽车上起卡紧作用的凸起脱开，即充电设备在受到突然的冲击力时不会与电动车脱开，可以防止充电设备与电动车相互嵌套配合的部件之间出现间隙，引起火花，给充电设备和电动车带来损害。
在充电设备受到缓慢拉力时，如电动车充电完成后，人们在没有拨下充电设备的情况下就开走电动车，此时充电设备的电线6就会拉动橡胶套10，橡胶套10滑动带动工型套9滑动，工型套9滑动拉动第一拉绳7，第一拉绳7拉动速度型阻尼器5内杆滑动，因其所受的拉力为缓慢增加的，速度相对较慢，所以速度型阻尼器5的阻力相对较小，此时速度型阻尼器5的内杆就会被拉动，而速度型阻尼器5的壳体在第一弹簧35的作用下基本处于静止状态，在这种情况下，两个卡块41与限位卡块12错位分布，两个卡块41不会对限位卡块12限位，限位卡块12在受到电动车上与其配合的凸起的挤压就会下摆，极易脱开，可以防止充电设备与电动车相互嵌套配合的部件受拉损坏，特别是电动车通过电线6拉动充电桩使其受损。
 工业实用性
本发明已实施，本发明提供的技术方案弥补了已有技术中的缺憾，顺利地完成了发明任务，如实地兑现了申请人在上面的技术效果栏中载述的技术效果。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种电动汽车适用的安全充电设备，它包括半圆插头、接头、手柄、限位卡块，其中接头的前端具有半圆插头，半圆插头上具有插孔，接头的后端安装有手柄，其特征在于：所述接头的内侧安装有速度型阻尼器，速度型阻尼器的壳体与接头之间安装有第一弹簧；弹性板的一端固定安装在接头的前端，限位卡块固定安装在弹性板上；两个卡块对称的滑动安装在接头的前侧且滑动于限位卡块的下侧，两个卡块与速度型阻尼器的壳体固定连接；所述手柄的一端摆动安装有旋转壳，旋转壳旋转安装在接头的后端；工型套滑动安装在手柄内，且工型套与手柄之间安装有第二弹簧；电线的一端与半圆插头内的输入端连接，电线的另一端经过接头和手柄，最后穿出手柄外侧与充电桩的输出端连接，电线穿过工型套并与工型套粘合；位于手柄外侧与充电桩连接的电线的外圆面上固定安装有橡胶套，橡胶套的一端具有环形盘，橡胶套具有环形盘的一端插入手柄内与工型套相互勾嵌；所述电线上固定安装有第一固定盘和第二固定盘，第一固定盘旋转于接头靠近手柄一端的内侧，第二固定盘位于手柄靠近接头一端的内侧；在正常未被拉拽的时候，第一固定盘和第二固定盘之间的电线为松弛状态，第二固定盘和橡胶套上环形盘之间的电线为松弛状态；所述速度型阻尼器的内杆与工型套靠近第二固定盘的一端通过第一拉绳连接；所述手柄的后侧安装有限制手柄与旋转壳摆动与否的限位机构，穿出手柄外侧的电线被触发向后拉拽的时候，电线通过外圆面上的橡胶套挤压触发限位机构，使得手柄与旋转壳的摆动功能打开。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种电动汽车适用的安全充电设备，其特征在于： 所述接头的内侧开有第一安装腔，第一安装腔的一端开有滑动腔，滑动腔的一端开有穿出接头的第一绳孔，第一安装腔的另一端开有滑动槽，滑动槽的一端开有两个对称分布的方形孔；速度型阻尼器安装在第一安装腔内，速度型阻尼器的内杆位于滑动腔内，与速度型阻尼器输出端连接的第一拉绳穿过第一绳孔；第一弹簧的一端固定安装在速度型阻尼器的壳体上，第一弹簧的另一端固定安装在第一安装腔的端面上；U型板滑动安装在滑动槽内，U型板与速度型阻尼器之间通过连接板固定连接，U型板的两个凸起端穿出两个方形孔位于接头外侧，两个卡块分别固定安装在U型板位于接头外侧一端的两个凸起上，且位于限位卡块的下侧；在速度型阻尼器内杆被缓慢拉出时，速度型阻尼器的壳体在第一弹簧的作用下静止，两个卡块位于接头上安装的限位卡块的前侧；在速度型阻尼器内杆被快速拉出时，速度型阻尼器的壳体因阻尼力增加被拉向安装有第一弹簧的一侧滑动，两个卡块滑动到接头上安装的限位卡块两端的下侧。
  3. 根据权利要求1或权利要求2所述的一种电动汽车适用的安全充电设备，其特征在于：所述手柄的上端开有第二电线安装孔，第二电线安装孔的下端开有第二安装腔，第二安装腔的下端开有第三安装腔，第三安装腔的下侧开有第四安装腔，第四安装腔的一端与第三安装腔相通，第四安装腔的另一端与手柄外侧相通；第二固定盘与第二安装腔的上端面配合；手柄的上端与第三安装腔之间还开有贯通的第二绳孔；所述工型套由第一圆盘、连接套和第二圆盘组成，第一圆盘和第二圆盘分别安装在连接套的上下两端，第一圆盘位于第三安装腔内，第二圆盘位于第四安装腔内，第二弹簧的上端固定安装在第三安装腔的上端面上，第二弹簧的下端固定安装在第三安装腔的下端面上；电线穿过并粘合于第一圆盘、连接套和第二圆盘；所述橡胶套位于手柄内的一端固定安装有U型盘，环形盘固定安装在U型盘的上端，环形盘位于第四安装腔内，工型套的第二圆盘嵌套于U型盘内，且被环形盘限位；第三弹簧的上端固定安装在环形盘的下端面上，第三弹簧的下端固定安装在第四安装腔的下端面上；所述第一拉绳与工型套连接的一端穿过第二绳孔；在正常未被拉拽的时候，位于所述第二安装腔内的电线处于松弛状态。
  4. 根据权利要求1或权利要求2所述的一种电动汽车适用的安全充电设备，其特征在于：所述接头内开有第五安装腔，第五安装的两端均开有第一电线安装孔，靠近半圆插头的第一电线安装孔与半圆插头相通，另一个第一电线安装孔与接头靠近手柄的一端相通；靠近半圆插头的第一电线安装孔内开有第二限位槽，靠近手柄的第一电线安装孔内开有第一限位槽，第三固定盘固定安装在第三限位槽内，第一固定盘旋转安装在第一限位槽内；第一固定盘和第三固定盘之间的电线处于松弛状态。
  5. 根据权利要求1或权利要求2所述的一种电动汽车适用的安全充电设备，其特征在于：所述接头靠近手柄一端的外圆面上开有两个环形槽，接头上位于两个环形槽的外圆面上周向均匀的开有多个卡槽，旋转壳的内圆面上安装有两个环形块，旋转壳上位于两个环形块之间的内圆面上周向均匀的安装有多个弹性凸起，旋转壳通过两个环形块与两个环形槽的旋转配合安装在接头远离半圆插头的一端；旋转壳上安装在弹性凸起与接头上所开的卡槽一一对应配合。
  6. 根据权利要求1或权利要求2所述的一种电动汽车适用的安全充电设备，其特征在于：所述手柄的上端具有支耳，手柄通过支耳与旋转壳铰接安装。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种电动汽车适用的安全充电设备，其特征在于：第二导向滚轮通过第一支撑固定安装在所述旋转壳内，第三导向滚轮通过第三支撑安装在旋转壳内，第二导向滚轮和第三导向滚轮对进入旋转壳内的第一拉绳导向；第一导向滚轮通过第二支撑安装在旋转壳内，第一导向滚轮对进入旋转壳内的电线导向，所述第一导向滚轮、第二导向滚轮和第三导向滚轮成对出现；第三导向滚轮位于手柄与旋转壳的铰接的轴线处；
    所述旋转壳内安装有对电线和第一拉绳起到隔离的隔板。
  8. 根据权利要求1或权利要求7所述的一种电动汽车适用的安全充电设备，其特征在于：所述旋转壳的两侧对称的安装有两个挡块。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的一种电动汽车适用的安全充电设备，其特征在于：所述旋转壳后端的下侧对称的开有两个第三限位槽；
    所述限位机构包括、第一安装壳、触发板、第二安装壳、安装杆、限位板、第四弹簧、第二拉绳、弧形拉块、板簧，其中第一安装壳的下端开有摆动缺口，第一安装壳固定安装在手柄下端的外圆面上，第二安装壳固定安装在手柄上端的外圆面上，第一安装壳和第二安装壳之间安装有安装杆，第一安装壳、第二安装壳和安装杆之间开有贯通的第三绳孔，弧形拉块的一端通过固定轴安装在第一安装壳内，触发板的一端安装在弧形拉块，触发板的另一端穿出第一安装壳上的摆动缺口位于第一安装壳外侧，触发板与位于手柄外侧的电线配合；限位板为U型结构，限位板滑动安装在第二安装壳内，且限位板的下端与第二安装壳的底面之间安装有第四弹簧，限位板的下端与弧形拉块的上端通过第二拉绳连接，第二拉绳穿过第三拉绳孔；触发板位于第一安装壳的一端与第一安装壳之间安装有板簧；
    所述限位板上端的两个凸起与旋转壳上所开的两个第三限位槽配合。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的一种电动汽车适用的安全充电设备，其特征在于：所述旋转壳的后端开有避让缺口。
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