WO2021184283A1 - 一种高白度mgo基板、制备方法及具有该基板的装饰板 - Google Patents

一种高白度mgo基板、制备方法及具有该基板的装饰板 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021184283A1
WO2021184283A1 PCT/CN2020/080145 CN2020080145W WO2021184283A1 WO 2021184283 A1 WO2021184283 A1 WO 2021184283A1 CN 2020080145 W CN2020080145 W CN 2020080145W WO 2021184283 A1 WO2021184283 A1 WO 2021184283A1
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Prior art keywords
substrate
mgo
surface layer
powder
parts
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/080145
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
黎国平
Original Assignee
江苏朗悦新材料科技有限公司
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 江苏朗悦新材料科技有限公司 filed Critical 江苏朗悦新材料科技有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2020/080145 priority Critical patent/WO2021184283A1/zh
Priority to US17/004,019 priority patent/US11214674B2/en
Publication of WO2021184283A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021184283A1/zh

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    • C08J2397/02—Lignocellulosic material, e.g. wood, straw or bagasse
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    • C08K2003/222—Magnesia, i.e. magnesium oxide
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    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J2400/00—Presence of inorganic and organic materials
    • C09J2400/10—Presence of inorganic materials
    • C09J2400/12—Ceramic
    • C09J2400/123—Ceramic in the substrate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J2400/00—Presence of inorganic and organic materials
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    • C09J2400/30—Presence of wood
    • C09J2400/303—Presence of wood in the substrate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J2427/00—Presence of halogenated polymer
    • C09J2427/006—Presence of halogenated polymer in the substrate
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/02—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings of plastic materials hardening after applying, e.g. plaster
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of decorative materials, and more specifically, it relates to a high-whiteness MGO substrate, a preparation method and a decorative board with the substrate.
  • Glass magnesium fireproof board is also called glass magnesium board, magnesium oxide board, magnesite board, and magnesia board.
  • the material components for the production of glass magnesium fireproof board are active high-purity magnesium oxide (MgO), high-quality magnesium chloride (MgCl 2 ), alkali-resistant glass fiber cloth, plant fiber, non-combustible and light perlite, chemically stable lithopone, and polymer , High-performance modifier, formed by mechanical rolling, mainly used for indoor non-load-bearing walls and ceilings, as well as substrates for various decorative panels.
  • the Chinese invention patent with the authorized announcement number CN101871246B discloses a glass magnesium board, which is composed of forming agent, reinforcing material, light filler, modifier and water.
  • the forming agent is magnesium oxide, magnesium sulfate and magnesium chloride.
  • the material is glass fiber mesh cloth or other reinforcing materials, and the modifiers include brighteners, stabilizers and toners.
  • the above-mentioned prior art uses glass fiber mesh cloth as the reinforcing material, and the glass fiber mesh cloth has excellent toughness, so that the internal bonding strength is low when the glass fiber mesh cloth is combined with other materials;
  • the mortise groove is installed, the mortise groove of the glass magnesium board is easily peeled off by the shearing force, and the phenomenon of chipping of the groove of the glass magnesium board occurs, which affects the practicability of the glass magnesium board.
  • the first object of the present invention is to provide a high whiteness MGO substrate, which has the advantages of high internal bonding strength of the decorative board and not easy to peel and crack.
  • the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
  • a high whiteness MGO substrate includes a surface layer and a substrate, and the substrate includes the following components in parts by mass:
  • the modifier is made by mixing citric acid: phosphoric acid: sodium sulfate in a mass ratio of 10:3:6.
  • light-burned magnesium oxide and magnesium sulfate heptahydrate are the basic raw materials for preparing substrates; polyvinyl alcohol solution is used as a binder, which has good film-forming properties, and it can combine light-burned magnesium oxide and plant
  • the powder package reduces the bubbles on the surface and internal structure, effectively enhances the internal bonding strength of the substrate, so that it is not easy to peel and crack; the modifiers with this mass ratio are easy to dissolve in water, have good stability, good anti-corrosion performance, and extend the substrate Service life.
  • the light-burned magnesia has a magnesium content of ⁇ 85%, and an active magnesium content of >65%.
  • the fineness of the plant powder is 20-120 mesh, and the plant powder includes one or two of poplar wood powder, white wood powder, bamboo powder, straw powder and rice husk powder.
  • the plant powder has better dispersion performance when preparing the substrate, and is easier to mix with other components in the substrate evenly, which effectively enhances the internal bonding strength between the substrates. Therefore, the poplar wood powder, white wood powder, bamboo powder, straw powder and rice husk powder are used as lightweight fillers to reduce the weight of the overall substrate and reduce the use cost of preparing the substrate.
  • the second object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a high whiteness MGO substrate, which has the advantages of simple preparation process, effective improvement of the internal bonding strength of the substrate, and resistance to peeling and cracking.
  • the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
  • a method for preparing a high whiteness MGO substrate includes the following steps:
  • step S3 Blend the magnesium sulfate heptahydrate weighed in step S1 with a polyvinyl alcohol solution with a mass concentration of 20%-40% and stir uniformly, and then add light burnt magnesium oxide, modifiers, and stir, and the bleached plant prepared in step S2 Stir the powder evenly to obtain the magnesium oxysulfide gel material;
  • step S4 Lay the magnesium oxysulfide gel material prepared in step S3 flat in the mold, and then flat press it at 100-220°C and a pressure of 5-20 MPa for 3-10 minutes, leave it for 5-6 hours, and then demold to obtain a molding Semi-finished products
  • step S5 Curing the semi-finished product obtained in step S4 at a temperature of 20-30°C and a humidity of 40%-60% for 5-7 days to obtain a semi-finished substrate; take out the semi-finished substrate for trimming, cutting and polishing; The polished semi-finished substrate is dried at a temperature of 50-95°C for 20-30 minutes) to obtain a shaped substrate.
  • the preparation method further reduces the bubbles in the magnesium oxysulfide gel material, effectively improves the internal bonding strength of the substrate, and is not easy to peel and crack.
  • the bleaching agent is made by mixing hydrogen peroxide bleaching agent: diaminostilbene bissulfonic acid derivative at a mass ratio of 2:3.
  • the proportion of the bleaching agent improves the whiteness of the substrate, and effectively enhances the color of the substrate to last and resist yellowing.
  • the third object of the present invention is to provide a high whiteness MGO decorative board, which has the advantages of simple preparation process, effective improvement of the internal bonding strength of the decorative board, and resistance to peeling and cracking.
  • the present invention provides the following technical solution: a high whiteness MGO decorative board, the decorative board includes a surface layer and a substrate, the substrate adopts any one of claims 1 to 5 high
  • the whiteness MGO substrate, the surface layer is any one of marble, veneer and PVC surface layer.
  • the surface layer is marble
  • the utilization rate of marble resources is increased; at the same time, the marble is used to prepare the composite board, which solves the problems of slow marble construction, fragile cracking, and cost reduction.
  • the surface layer of veneer can be prepared into composite wood flooring.
  • the composite wood flooring can greatly reduce the influence of humidity on the warpage of wood flooring due to the effect of the substrate glass fiber surface mat.
  • the surface layer is a composite fireproof board prepared by a PVC surface layer.
  • the composite board has super dimensional stability and does not crack. After slotting, it can be quickly installed into wallboards, floors and ceilings; it can be used in cold and dry areas with high fire resistance.
  • the PVC surface layer includes a surface layer, a core layer and a bottom layer which are sequentially bonded and arranged by an adhesive; the surface layer and the bottom layer are both PVC films:
  • the preparation process of the PCV surface layer is as follows:
  • step 1) both sides of the dipped core layer obtained in step 2) are adhered to the glued PCV film obtained in step 2), and then formed by hot pressing at 130-170° C. and 10-21 MPa to obtain a PCV surface layer.
  • the process of preparing the PVC surface layer is simple, and the PVC surface layer with equal strength in all directions is obtained, and the performance of the entire decorative board that is not easy to peel and crack is effectively strengthened.
  • the core layer is aluminum oxide wear-resistant paper or glass fiber surface felt.
  • both the aluminum oxide wear-resistant paper and the glass fiber surface mat have excellent wear-resistant and scratch-resistant performance, and at the same time endow the entire decorative board with the performance that it is not easy to peel and crack.
  • the resin includes one or both of melamine resin and urea-formaldehyde resin.
  • both the melamine resin and the urea-formaldehyde resin have high heat resistance and moisture resistance, which further improves the moisture resistance of the overall decorative board.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • the present invention preferably adopts the modifier with this mass ratio, the generation of bubbles in the substrate is further reduced, the internal bonding strength of the decorative board is effectively improved, and the peeling and cracking are not easy to be achieved during the installation process.
  • the present invention it is preferable to use aluminum oxide wear-resistant paper and glass fiber surface mat as the materials for preparing the PVC surface layer, so as to improve the excellent wear resistance and scratch resistance of the entire decorative board.
  • Table 1 Sources and specifications of various raw materials for high whiteness MGO decorative panels
  • the bleaching equipment uses a bleaching powder mixer, purchased from Zhengzhou Youzhuo Automation Equipment Co., Ltd.;
  • the hot press selects BY214*8/E series multi-layer plywood hot press, purchased from Linyi Lanshan Jianye Machinery Manufacturing Factory (Linyi Lanshan Jianye Shunda Machinery Co., Ltd.);
  • Table 2 Composition and ratio of high whiteness MGO substrate in each embodiment:
  • step S4 Spread the magnesium oxysulfide gel material prepared in step S3 in the mold, and place the mold containing the magnesium oxysulfide gel material in a hot press at a temperature of 160°C and flatten it after 6 hours. Demoulding to obtain semi-finished products;
  • step S5 Place the semi-finished product obtained in step S4 in the temperature, humidity and time of the curing room in Table 2, take out the trimming, cutting and polishing; then place the polished molded decorative board at a temperature of 85°C for 10 minutes to dry , Get a stereotyped substrate.
  • Apparent performance Use scanning electron microscope to microscopically inspect the standard test block of MGO substrate or composite board to observe the surface cracks.
  • Determination of whiteness cut out one 200mm*200mm board on each of the 3 boards of a group of samples, and then adjust the humidity (moisture regain) of the test samples that affect the whiteness, color impurities, grease, etc. Very large samples are now pre-baked at 50°C for 30 minutes for pre-conditioning) and reach equilibrium under moisture absorption conditions. Then place the sample in the sample box and tighten the lid. Place it in the colorimeter, test three sample boxes in sequence, and record the chromaticity value.
  • Impact strength Refer to GB/T1043.1 "Determination of impact performance of plastic simply supported beams Part 1: Non-instrumental impact test" for the determination of impact strength.
  • Anti-halogen reversion refer to JC688-2006 "Glass Magnesium Plate", cut out one 200mm*200mm plate on each of the 3 plates of a group of samples, and put in the relative humidity greater than or equal to 90%, the temperature is 30°C In a constant temperature and humidity box at -35°C, take it out after 24 hours and observe whether there is any water droplets or dampness.
  • Determination of screw holding force Refer to JC688-2006 "Glass Magnesium Plate", cut a 50mm*50mm plate from each of a set of 3 plates, and use a bench drill to drill the diameter at the intersection of the diagonals of the sample. The hole is 3.2mm, and then the wood screw is screwed in vertically. The depth is 10mm ⁇ 1mm from the opposite side. Do not hammer the nail. Load at a speed of 50N/S. Pull out the wood screw and record the ultimate load value.
  • JC688-2006 Glass Magnesium Plate
  • cut a 300mm*300mm plate on each of the 3 plates of a set of samples and use a CNC slotting machine to align the diagonal of the sample.
  • the sides of the corner points are grooved, and the grooves are grooved toward the inner depth of the sample at a speed of 50N/S until the sample has peeling cracks, and the depth of the grooves at which the sample has peeling cracks is recorded.
  • Abrasion resistance test evaluate in accordance with GB/T18301-2012 "Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Refractories at Room Temperature”.
  • Fire resistance test evaluate in accordance with JC688-2006 "Glass Magnesium Plate” and GB/T8624-1997 "Classification Method for Combustion Performance of Building Materials”.
  • the high whiteness MGO substrate prepared by the above weight parts has a whiteness of 81-90%, no gaps on the surface, and a static bending strength of 30-35MPa, a flexural strength of 32-38MPa, and an impact strength of 22-26kJ/m2.
  • the screw-holding force is in the range of 30-36N/m, and the groove depth where the peeling and cracking phenomenon occurs to the tongued groove in the above-mentioned embodiment 1-11 is 162-171mm. From the comparison between the above-mentioned embodiments, Embodiment 2 is the optimal substrate.
  • Table 4 shows the composition and composition ratio of the high whiteness MGO substrate prepared by each comparative example.
  • the glass magnesium board purchased from Zhangjiagang Yide Import and Export Co., Ltd. is compared with the substrate made by the present invention; the components of the purchased glass magnesium board are active magnesium oxide, high-quality magnesium chloride, alkali-resistant glass fiber cloth, plant fiber, and non-combustible quality Light perlite, chemically stable lithopone, high molecular polymer, high performance modifier.
  • the glass magnesium board purchased from Zhangjiagang Shitai Building Materials Co., Ltd. was compared with the substrate made by the present invention; the components of the purchased glass magnesium board were activated magnesium oxide, high-quality magnesium chloride, alkali-resistant glass fiber cloth, and excellent flexibility Plant fiber, non-combustible and light perlite, high molecular polymer, high performance modifier.
  • the high whiteness MGO substrates prepared in the above comparative examples 1-3 were prepared according to the same method as the examples, the comparative examples 4 and 5 were purchased in the market, and the high whiteness MGO substrates prepared in the above comparative examples 1-5 were tested The results are shown in Table 5.
  • a high whiteness MGO decorative board includes a surface layer and a substrate, marble is used as the surface layer, the MGO substrate prepared according to the above embodiment 2 is bonded to the cut marble surface by a polyurethane adhesive, and cured for 15 minutes After time, the marble connected to the MGO substrate is cut open to obtain a marble surface composited with the MGO substrate.
  • the thickness of the marble surface is 0.5mm, and the MGO substrate is 4mm.
  • a high whiteness MGO decorative board includes a surface layer and a substrate, with boxwood veneer as the surface layer.
  • the MGO substrate prepared according to the above embodiment 2 is bonded to the plane of the veneer by a polyurethane adhesive, and the curing time is 15 minutes.
  • a high whiteness MGO decorative board includes a surface layer and a substrate.
  • the PVC surface layer is used as the surface layer.
  • the PVC surface layer includes a surface layer, a core layer and a bottom layer that are sequentially bonded and arranged by a polyurethane adhesive; the surface layer and the bottom layer are all PVC
  • the preparation method of film and PVC surface layer is as follows:
  • the aluminum oxide wear-resistant paper is immersed in a mixed resin with a mass ratio of melamine resin and urea-formaldehyde resin of 1:1, soaked for 130 minutes, and then taken out to obtain the dipped aluminum oxide wear-resistant paper;
  • both sides of the PVC film are coated with polyurethane adhesive, and the glued PVC film is obtained after drying and curing;
  • step 1) both sides of the coated aluminum oxide wear-resistant paper obtained in step 2) are laminated on both sides of the coated PCV film obtained in step 2), and then it is formed by hot pressing at 150° C. and 20 MPa to obtain a PCV surface layer.
  • the surface texture of the PVC surface layer is made of steel template or plastic high temperature resistant template.
  • a method for preparing a high whiteness MGO decorative board is as follows: the PVC surface layer prepared in this embodiment is bonded to the side surface of the substrate layer 2 prepared in embodiment 2 through a polyurethane adhesive, and the temperature is 150° C. and the pressure is The 20MPa hot press is hot-pressed and compounded to obtain a high whiteness MGO decorative board.
  • a high whiteness MGO decorative board includes a surface layer and a substrate.
  • the PVC surface layer is used as the surface layer.
  • the PVC surface layer includes a surface layer, a core layer and a bottom layer that are sequentially bonded and arranged by a polyurethane adhesive; the surface layer and the bottom layer are all PVC
  • the preparation method of film and PVC surface layer is as follows:
  • step 1) both sides of the coated aluminum oxide wear-resistant paper obtained in step 1) are bonded to each other.
  • step 2) After the coated PCV film obtained in step 2), it is hot-pressed at 150° C. and 20 MPa to obtain a PCV surface layer.
  • the surface texture of the PVC surface layer is made of steel template or plastic high temperature resistant template.
  • a method for preparing a high whiteness MGO decorative board is as follows: the PVC surface layer prepared in this embodiment is bonded to the side surface of the substrate layer 2 prepared in embodiment 2 through a polyurethane adhesive, and the temperature is 150° C. and the pressure is The 20MPa hot press is hot-pressed and compounded to obtain a high whiteness MGO decorative board.
  • test structures of Examples 8-11 of the high whiteness MGO decorative board are shown in Table 6 below.

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Abstract

一种高白度MGO基板、制备方法及具有该基板的装饰板。一种高白度MGO基板包括面层和基板，基板由成型剂、轻质填料、改性剂和水组成，各组分的质量份如下：轻烧氧化镁粉40-49份、七水硫酸镁18-25份、聚乙烯醇溶液16-25份、植物粉体16-20份、改性剂0.5-2份；改性剂为柠檬酸：磷酸：硫酸钠按质量比为10:3:6的比例混合而成；其具有内部结合强度较高，不易剥离开裂优点；本基板的制备方法具有制备过程简单，有效改善基板的内结合强度，不易剥离开裂优点；本装饰板应用范围广，实用性好的优点。

Description

一种高白度MGO基板、制备方法及具有该基板的装饰板 技术领域
本发明涉及装饰材料领域，更具体地说，它涉及一种高白度MGO基板、制备方法及具有该基板的装饰板。
背景技术
玻镁防火板亦称玻镁板、氧化镁板、菱镁板、镁质板。生产玻镁防火板材料成分为活性高纯氧化镁(MgO)、优质氯化镁(MgCl 2)、抗碱玻纤布、植物纤维、不燃质轻的珍珠岩、化学稳定立德粉、高分子聚合物、高性能改性剂，经机械滚压而成，主要用于室内非承重墙和吊顶，以及用于各类装饰板的基板。
目前，授权公告号为CN101871246B的中国发明专利公开了一种玻镁板，由成型剂、增强材料、轻质填料、改性剂和水组成，其中成型剂为氧化镁、硫酸镁和氯化镁，增强材料为玻璃纤维网格布或其它增强材料，改性剂包括增白剂、稳定剂和调色剂。
上述现有技术采用玻璃纤维网格布作为增强材料，玻璃纤维网格布具有极佳的韧性，从而玻璃纤维网格布与其它材料结合时内结合强度偏低；当外界对该玻镁板进行安装开榫槽时，玻镁板开榫槽处容易受到剪切力的剥离从而出现开榫槽槽口碎裂的现象，影响该玻镁板的实用性。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的不足，本发明的第一个目的在于提供一种高白度MGO基板，其具有装饰板的内部结合强度较高，不易剥离开裂的优点。
为实现上述第一个目的，本发明提供了如下技术方案：
一种高白度MGO基板，包括面层和基板，所述基板包括按质量份计的如下组分：
轻烧氧化镁粉40-49份、
七水硫酸镁18-25份、
聚乙烯醇溶液16-25份、
植物粉体16-20份、
改性剂0.5-2份；
所述改性剂由柠檬酸：磷酸：硫酸钠按质量比为10:3:6的比例混合而成。
通过采用上述技术方案，轻烧氧化镁和七水硫酸镁作为成型剂是制备基板的基本原料；聚乙烯醇溶液作为粘结剂，其本身具有良好的成膜性，将轻烧氧化镁、植物粉体包裹，减少表面和内部结构的气泡，有效增强基板的内结合强度，从而不易剥离开裂；该质量比的改性剂，均易溶于水，稳定性好，防腐性能好，延长基板的使用寿命。
进一步地，所述轻烧氧化镁含镁量≥85％，活性镁含量＞65％。
通过采用上述技术方案，提高制备速率，节约轻烧氧化镁的用量，减少生产成本的使用。
进一步地，所述植物粉体的细度为20-120目，所述植物粉体包括杨木粉、白木粉、竹粉、秸秆粉和稻壳粉中的一种或两种。
通过采用上述技术方案，选用该细度的植物粉体，在制备基板时植物粉体分散性能更佳，且更容易与基板中的其他组分混合均匀，有效增强基板之间的内结合强度，从而在开榫孔时不易剥离开裂；采用该杨木粉、白木粉、竹粉、秸秆粉和稻壳粉作为轻质填料，减轻整体基板的重量，减少制备基板的使用成本。
本发明的第二个目的在于提供一种高白度MGO基板的制备方法，其具有优点制备过程简单，有效改善基板的内结合强度，不易剥离开裂。
为实现上述第二个目的，本发明提供了如下技术方案：
一种高白度MGO基板的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1、称取配比量的轻烧氧化镁粉、七水硫酸镁、质量浓度为20％-40％聚乙烯醇溶液、植物粉体、改性剂；
S2、将植物粉体与足够使植物粉体浸没量的漂白剂混合，浸泡2-10min后，搅拌30-40min，过滤；将过滤得到的植物粉体于120-130℃的条件下恒温蒸汽处理5-8min，得到漂白植物粉体；
S3、将S1步骤称取的七水硫酸镁与质量浓度为20％-40％的聚乙烯醇溶液共混搅拌均匀，再依次加入轻烧氧化镁、改性剂搅拌、步骤S2制备的漂白植物粉体，搅拌均匀，得到硫氧镁凝胶材料；
S4、将步骤S3中制备的硫氧镁凝胶材料平铺在模具中，然后于100-220℃、压力为5-20MPa的条件下平压3-10min，放置5-6h后脱模，得到成型半成品；
S5、将步骤S4中得到的成型半成品于温度为20-30℃、湿度为40％-60％条件下养护5-7天，得到半成品基板；取出半成品基板进行修边、切割和抛光；然后将抛光的半成品基板于50-95℃的温度下烘干20-30min)，得到定型基板。
通过采用上述技术方案，严格控制其各个原料的添加顺序，能够保证轻烧氧化镁、七水硫酸镁、改性剂、木质纤维颗粒和木质纤维之间的均匀分散，提高基板的内部结合力；采用该制备方法进一步减少硫氧镁凝胶材料中的气泡，有效改善基板的内结合强度，不易剥离开裂。
进一步地，所述漂白剂由双氧水漂白剂：二胺基二苯乙烯双磺酸衍生物按质量比为2：3的比例混合而成。
通过采用上述技术方案：该漂白剂的配比提高基板的白度，有效增强基板的颜色持久耐黄变的性能。
本发明的第三个目的在于提供一种高白度MGO装饰板，其具有优点制备过程简单，有效改善装饰板的内结合强度，不易剥离开裂。
为实现上述第三个目的，本发明提供了如下技术方案：一种高白度MGO装饰板，该装饰板包括面层和基板，所述基板采用权利要求1-5任一项所述的高白度MGO基板，所述面层为大理石、木皮和PVC面层中的任意一种。
通过采用上述技术方案，面层为大理石时，增加了大理石资源的利用率；同时采用大理石制备复合板，解决大理石施工慢，易碎开裂，以及降低成本的问题。面层为木皮可制备为复合木地板，复合木地板由于基板玻璃纤维表面毡的作用极大的减少湿度对木地板翘曲的影响。面层为PVC面层制备的复合防火板，该复合板尺寸稳定性超强，不开裂，开槽后可快速装入墙板与地板、天花板中；可应用于寒冷干燥地区，防火等级高的特点。
进一步地，所述PVC面层包括通过胶黏剂依次粘合设置的表层、芯层和底层；所述表层和底层均为PVC膜：
所述PCV面层的制备工艺如下：
1)将芯层浸没于树脂中120-150min，取出得浸胶芯层；
2)在PVC膜的两面均匀涂布胶黏剂，干燥固化后得涂胶PVC膜；
3)在步骤1)所得浸胶芯层的两面均贴合步骤2)所得涂胶PCV膜后，于130-170℃、10-21MPa条件下热压成型，得PCV面层。
通过采用上述技术方案，制备PVC面层过程简单，得到各个方向强度均等的PVC面层，有效加强整个装饰板不易剥离开裂的性能。
进一步地，所述芯层为三氧化二铝耐磨纸或玻璃纤维表面毡。
通过采用上述技术方案，三氧化二铝耐磨纸和玻璃纤维表面毡均具有优异的耐磨耐刮性能，同时赋予整个装饰板不易剥离开裂的性能。
进一步地，所述树脂包括三聚氰胺树脂和脲醛树脂中的一种或两种。
通过采用上述技术方案，三聚氰胺树脂和脲醛树脂均具有很高的抗热和防潮性能，进一步提高整体装饰板的防潮性能。
综上所述，本发明具有以下有益效果：
第一、由于本发明优选采用该质量比的改性剂，进一步减少基板中的气泡产生，有效提高装饰板的内结合强度，在安装过程中不易剥离开裂。
第二、本发明中优选采用三氧化二铝耐磨纸、玻璃纤维表面毡作为制备PVC面层的材料，从而提高整个装饰板具有优异的耐磨耐刮性能。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本发明作进一步详细说明。
原料来源：见下表1
表1高白度MGO装饰板的各原料来源和规格
Figure PCTCN2020080145-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2020080145-appb-000002
漂白设备选用漂白粉搅拌机，购买于郑州优卓自动化设备有限公司；
热压机选用BY214*8/E系列多层胶合板热压机，购自于临沂市兰山区建业机械制造厂(临沂市兰山区建业顺达机械有限公司)；
PG02系列-数控开槽机(自刨机)，购自于上海恒力有限公司。
实施例
各实施例中的组分和配比如表2所示。
表2各实施例中高白度MGO基板的组分和配比：
Figure PCTCN2020080145-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2020080145-appb-000004
Figure PCTCN2020080145-appb-000005
Figure PCTCN2020080145-appb-000006
Figure PCTCN2020080145-appb-000007
Figure PCTCN2020080145-appb-000008
以上实施例1至实施例11的高白度MGO基板的制备方法如下：
S1、选用2440*1220*3(mm)模具，清理模具；
S2、将按表2中重量粉称取轻烧氧化镁粉、七水硫酸镁、质量浓度为30％聚乙烯醇溶液、植物粉体、改性剂；
S2、将按表2称取的植物粉体放入至漂白粉搅拌机，加入双氧水漂白剂与4,4'-二氨基二苯胺-2-磺酸质量配比为2：3的混合漂白剂并将植物粉体浸没，浸泡6min后，运转漂白设备实施35min的搅拌漂白工序；取出，置入温度为125℃的条件下恒温蒸汽处理8min，取出晒热，得到漂白植物粉体；
S3、将七水硫酸镁加入至质量溶度为30％的聚乙烯醇溶液共混，搅拌均匀，再依次加入轻烧氧化镁和改性剂搅拌均匀形成混合料浆，然后向混合料浆中加入步骤S2中制备的漂白植物粉体，搅拌均匀，得到硫氧镁凝胶材料；
S4、将步骤S3中制备的硫氧镁凝胶材料平铺在模具中，并将盛有硫氧镁凝胶材料模具放置于温度为160℃的条件下的热压机中压平，6h后脱模，得到成型半成品；
S5、将步骤S4中得到的成型半成品放置于按表2中养护房的温度、湿度和时间，取出修边、切割和抛光；然后将抛光的成型装饰板放置于85℃的温度下10min烘干，得到定型基板。
以上各实施例制备的高白度MGO基板的性能由以下方法测试。
表观性能：利用扫描电子显微镜对MGO基板或复合板标准试块进行微观检测，观测其表面裂纹。
白度的测定：在一组试样的3块板上每块任意切下200mm*200mm板各1块，然后对实验样品中影响白度、颜色的杂质、油脂等，经调湿(回潮率极大的样品现在50℃预烘30min进行预调湿)在吸湿条件下达到平衡。然后将样品放置在试样盒中，旋紧盒盖。放置于色度仪中，依次测完三个试样盒，记录色度值。
静曲强度的测定参照GB/T33544-2017《玻镁平板》进行评定。
抗折强度：按照JC688-2006《玻镁平板》规定进行。
抗冲击强度：参照GB/T1043.1《塑料简支梁冲击性能的测定第1部分：非仪器化冲击试验》的抗冲击强度的测定方法。
抗返卤性：参照JC688-2006《玻镁平板》，在一组试样的3块板上每块任意切下200mm*200mm板各1块，放入相对湿度大于等于90％，温度30℃-35℃的恒温恒湿箱中，24h后取出观察，有无水珠或返潮。
握螺钉力的测定：参照JC688-2006《玻镁平板》，在一组式样的3块板上每块切下50mm*50mm板各1块，在试样对角线交点预先用台钻钻直径为3.2mm的穿孔，然后木螺钉垂直拧入，深度为对面出头10mm±1mm，不得锤钉，并以50N/S的速度加荷，拨出木螺钉，记录极限荷载值。
开榫孔后的测定，参照JC688-2006《玻镁平板》，在一组试样的3块板上每块切下300mm*300mm板各1块，使用数控开槽机对试样对角线角点的侧边进行开槽，并以50N/S的速度朝向试样的内部深度开榫槽，直至试样出现剥离开裂，记录试样出现剥离开裂的开榫槽深度。
耐磨度的测试：按照GB/T18301-2012《耐火材料常温耐磨性实验方法》进行评定。
耐火性能的测试：按照JC688-2006《玻镁平板》和GB/T8624-1997《建筑材料燃烧性能分级方法》进行评定。
表3高白度MGO基板各项测试结果
Figure PCTCN2020080145-appb-000009
Figure PCTCN2020080145-appb-000010
由以上重量份配比制备的高白度MGO基板白度81-90％，表面无缝隙，且静曲强度30-35MPa，抗折强度为32-38MPa、抗冲击强度在22-26kJ/m2和握螺钉力在30-36N/m范围之间，同时对上述实施例1-11中的开榫槽出现剥离开裂现象的槽深度为162-171mm。由上述实施例之间的对比，实施例2为最优的基板。
各对比例所制得高白度MGO基板的组分和配比如表4所示。
表4各对比例中高白度MGO基板的组分和配比
Figure PCTCN2020080145-appb-000011
Figure PCTCN2020080145-appb-000012
与实施例2对比，对比例1未添加改性剂；对比例2添加改性剂重量份比一水柠檬酸：硫酸钠：磷酸＝8：3：7；对比例3添加改性剂重量份比一水柠檬酸：硫酸钠：磷酸＝12：2：5。
对比例4
从张家港益德进出口有限公司上购买的玻镁板与本发明制作的基板进行对比；该购买的玻镁板的成分为活性氧化镁、优质氯化镁、抗碱玻纤布、植物纤维、不燃质轻的珍珠岩、化学稳定立德粉、高分子聚合物、高性能改性剂。
对比例5
从张家港市时泰建筑材料有限公司上购买的玻镁板与本发明制作的基板进行对比；该购买的玻镁板的成分为活性氧化镁、优质氯化镁、抗碱玻纤布、柔性极佳的植物纤维、不燃质轻的珍珠岩、高分子聚合物、高性能改性剂。
以上各对比例1-3制得的高白度MGO基板按照与实施例相同的方法制得， 对比例4、5购买于市场，以上各对比例1-5制得的高白度MGO基板测试结果如表5所示。
表5各对比例制得高白度MGO基板的性能测试结果
Figure PCTCN2020080145-appb-000013
由以上数据可知，未添加改性剂、超过或低于一定的质量比改性剂时，制备硫氧镁凝胶材料时产生细小气泡不稳定，相互之间容易发生融并，并形成较大的气孔，容易在开榫槽后容易出现剥离开裂现象。实施例2制备的基板相对于对比例4和5，其强度远大于商售玻镁板。
高白度MGO装饰板实施例
实施例8，一种高白度MGO装饰板包括面层和基板，大理石作为面层，根据上述实施例2制备的MGO基板通过聚氨酯胶黏剂粘结在经过切割的大理石平面上，经过15min固化时间，然后将大理石连通MGO基板剖开，得到与MGO基板复合的大理石面，该大理石面厚度为0.5mm，MGO基板为4mm；取出与MGO装饰板复合的大理石面，经过抛光、UV，得到高白度MGO装饰板。
实施例9，一种高白度MGO装饰板包括面层和基板，黄杨木皮作为面层，根据上述实施例2制备的MGO基板通过聚氨酯胶黏剂粘结在木皮的平面上，经过15min固化时间，得到半成品；然后将半成品经过砂光、UV或者上色后UV，切割，开槽，得到高白度MGO装饰板。
实施例10，一种高白度MGO装饰板包括面层和基板，PVC面层作为面层，PVC面层包括通过聚氨酯胶粘剂依次粘合设置的表层、芯层和底层；表层和底层均为PVC膜，PVC面层的制备方法如下：
将三氧化二铝耐磨纸浸没在三聚氰胺树脂与脲醛树脂质量比为1：1的混合树脂中，浸泡130min,取出得浸胶三氧化二铝耐磨纸；
然后将PVC膜得两面均涂布聚氨酯胶粘剂，干燥固化后得到涂胶PVC膜；
在步骤1)所得浸胶三氧化二铝耐磨纸的两面均贴合步骤2)所得涂胶PCV膜后，于150℃、20MPa条件下热压成型，得PCV面层。PVC面层表面纹理采用钢模板或塑料耐高温模板压制而成。
一种高白度MGO装饰板的制备方法如下：将本实施例制备的PVC面层通过聚氨酯胶粘剂粘结在实施例2制备的基材层2的侧面上，并通过温度为150℃、压力为20MPa热压机热压复合，从而得到高白度MGO装饰板。
实施例11，一种高白度MGO装饰板包括面层和基板，PVC面层作为面层，PVC面层包括通过聚氨酯胶粘剂依次粘合设置的表层、芯层和底层；表层和底层均为PVC膜，PVC面层的制备方法如下：
1)将无碱玻璃纤维表面毡浸没在三聚氰胺树脂与脲醛树脂质量比为1：1的混合树脂中，浸泡130min,取出得浸胶三氧化二铝耐磨纸；
2)然后将PVC膜得两面均涂布聚氨酯胶粘剂，干燥固化后得到涂胶PVC膜；
3)在步骤1)所得浸浸胶三氧化二铝耐磨纸的两面均贴合步骤2)所得涂胶PCV 膜后，于150℃、20MPa条件下热压成型，得PCV面层。PVC面层表面纹理采用钢模板或塑料耐高温模板压制而成。
一种高白度MGO装饰板的制备方法如下：将本实施例制备的PVC面层通过聚氨酯胶粘剂粘结在实施例2制备的基材层2的侧面上，并通过温度为150℃、压力为20MPa热压机热压复合，从而得到高白度MGO装饰板。
高白度MGO装饰板实施例8-11测试结构如下表6所示。
表6高白度MGO装饰板的各项测试结果
Figure PCTCN2020080145-appb-000014
由以上数据可知，通过该制备方法制备的高白度MGO装饰板的强度明显增加；同时实施8-11制备的装饰板耐磨性均达到AC3以上，不燃性均达到A级。
本具体实施例仅仅是对本发明的解释，其并不是对本发明的限制，本领域技术人员在阅读完本说明书后可以根据需要对本实施例做出没有创造性贡献的修改，但只要在本发明的权利要求范围内都受到专利法的保护。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种高白度MGO基板，其特征在于，包括面层和基板，所述基板包括按质量份计的如下组分：
    轻烧氧化镁粉40-49份、
    七水硫酸镁18-25份、
    聚乙烯醇溶液16-25份、
    植物粉体16-20份、
    改性剂0.5-2份；
    所述改性剂由柠檬酸：磷酸：硫酸钠按质量比为10:3:6的比例混合而成。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种高白度MGO基板，其特征在于，所述轻烧氧化镁含镁量≥85％，活性镁含量＞65％。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种高白度MGO基板，其特征在于，所述植物粉体的细度为20-120目，所述植物粉体为杨木粉、白木粉、竹粉、秸秆粉和稻壳粉中的一种或多种的混合。
  4. 权利要求1-3任一项所述的一种高白度MGO基板的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    S1、称取配比量的轻烧氧化镁粉、七水硫酸镁、质量浓度为20％-40％聚乙烯醇溶液、植物粉体、改性剂；
    S2、将植物粉体与足够使植物粉体浸没量的漂白剂混合，浸泡2-10min后，搅拌30-40min，过滤；将过滤得到的植物粉体于120-130℃的条件下恒温蒸汽处理5-8min，得到漂白植物粉体；
    S3、将S1步骤称取的七水硫酸镁与质量浓度为20％-40％的聚乙烯醇溶液共混搅拌均匀，再依次加入轻烧氧化镁、改性剂搅拌、步骤S2制备的漂白植物粉体，搅拌均匀，得到硫氧镁凝胶材料；
    S4、将步骤S3中制备的硫氧镁凝胶材料平铺在模具中，然后于100-220℃、压力为5-20MPa的条件下平压3-10min，放置5-6h后脱模，得到成型半成品；
    S5、将步骤S4中得到的成型半成品于温度为20-30℃、湿度为40％-60％条件下养护5-7天，得到半成品基板；取出半成品基板进行修边、切割和抛光；然后将抛光的半成品基板于50-95℃的温度下烘干20-30min，得到定型基板。
  5. 根据权利要求4任一项所述的一种高白度MGO基板的制备方法，其特征在于，所述漂白剂由双氧水漂白剂：二胺基二苯乙烯双磺酸衍生物按质量比为2：3的比例混合而成。
  6. 一种高白度MGO装饰板，其特征在于：该装饰板包括面层和基板，所述基板采用权利要 求1-5任一项所述的高白度MGO基板，所述面层为大理石、木皮和PVC面层中的任意一种。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种高白度MGO装饰板，其特征在于，所述PVC面层包括通过胶黏剂依次粘合设置的表层、芯层和底层；所述表层和底层均为PVC膜：
    所述PCV面层的制备工艺如下：
    1)将芯层浸没于树脂中120-150min，取出得浸胶芯层；
    2)在PVC膜的两面均匀涂布胶黏剂，干燥固化后得涂胶PVC膜；
    3)在步骤1)所得浸胶芯层的两面均贴合步骤2)所得涂胶PCV膜后，于130-170℃、10-21MPa条件下热压成型，得PCV面层。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的一种高白度MGO装饰板，其特征在于，所述芯层为三氧化二铝耐磨纸或玻璃纤维表面毡。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的一种高白度MGO装饰板，其特征在于，所述树脂为三聚氰胺树脂和脲醛树脂中的一种或两种混合。
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