WO2021184285A1 - 新型增强增韧mgo基板、制备方法及具有该基板的复合板 - Google Patents

新型增强增韧mgo基板、制备方法及具有该基板的复合板 Download PDF

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WO2021184285A1
WO2021184285A1 PCT/CN2020/080147 CN2020080147W WO2021184285A1 WO 2021184285 A1 WO2021184285 A1 WO 2021184285A1 CN 2020080147 W CN2020080147 W CN 2020080147W WO 2021184285 A1 WO2021184285 A1 WO 2021184285A1
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toughened
reinforced
mgo
substrate
glass fiber
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PCT/CN2020/080147
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English (en)
French (fr)
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黎国平
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江苏朗悦新材料科技有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2020/080147 priority Critical patent/WO2021184285A1/zh
Priority to US17/004,016 priority patent/US20210292236A1/en
Publication of WO2021184285A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021184285A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C04B28/10—Lime cements or magnesium oxide cements
    • C04B28/105—Magnesium oxide or magnesium carbonate cements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/30—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing magnesium cements or similar cements
    • C04B28/32—Magnesium oxychloride cements, e.g. Sorel cement
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B16/00—Use of organic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of organic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B16/02—Cellulosic materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B16/00—Use of organic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of organic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B16/04—Macromolecular compounds
    • C04B16/06—Macromolecular compounds fibrous
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B16/00—Use of organic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of organic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B16/12—Use of organic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of organic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by the shape, e.g. perforated strips
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
    • C04B18/18—Waste materials; Refuse organic
    • C04B18/24—Vegetable refuse, e.g. rice husks, maize-ear refuse; Cellulosic materials, e.g. paper, cork
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
    • C04B40/02—Selection of the hardening environment
    • C04B40/0277—Hardening promoted by using additional water, e.g. by spraying water on the green concrete element
    • C04B40/0281—Hardening in an atmosphere of increased relative humidity
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00612—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 as one or more layers of a layered structure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
    • C04B2111/2038—Resistance against physical degradation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
    • C04B2111/28—Fire resistance, i.e. materials resistant to accidental fires or high temperatures
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
    • C04B2201/20—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the density
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
    • C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of decorative materials, and more specifically, it relates to a novel reinforced and toughened MGO substrate, a preparation method and a composite board with the substrate.
  • Glass magnesium fireproof board is also called glass magnesium board, magnesium oxide board, magnesite board, and magnesia board.
  • the material components for the production of glass magnesium fireproof board are active high-purity magnesium oxide (MgO), high-quality magnesium chloride (MgCl2), alkali-resistant glass fiber cloth, plant fiber, non-combustible and light perlite, chemically stable lithopone, high molecular polymer, High performance modifier.
  • the Chinese invention patent with the authorized announcement number CN101871246B discloses a glass magnesium board, which is composed of forming agent, reinforcing material, light filler, modifier and water.
  • the forming agent is magnesium oxide, magnesium sulfate and magnesium chloride.
  • the material is glass fiber mesh cloth or other reinforcing materials, and the modifiers include brighteners, stabilizers and toners.
  • the above-mentioned prior art uses glass fiber mesh cloth as the reinforcing material, and the glass fiber mesh cloth has excellent toughness, so that the internal bonding strength is low when the glass fiber mesh cloth is combined with other materials;
  • the mortise groove is installed, the mortise groove of the glass magnesium board is easily peeled off by the shearing force, and the phenomenon of chipping of the groove of the glass magnesium board occurs, which affects the practicability of the glass magnesium board.
  • the first object of the present invention is to provide a new reinforced and toughened MGO substrate, which has the advantages of high internal bonding strength, high flexural strength, high screw-holding power, and resistance to peeling and cracking. .
  • a new type of reinforced and toughened MGO substrate comprising an intermediate layer and fiber layers on the upper and lower surfaces of the intermediate layer, the fiber layer is a glass fiber surface mat, the The middle layer is made of forming agent, lightweight filler, modifier and water.
  • the weight fraction of each component is as follows: 34-45 parts of light-burned magnesium oxide, 23-30 parts of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 8- of wood fiber particles 10 parts, wood fiber 4-6 parts, modifier 0.5-2 parts, water: 18-26 parts; the modifier is citric acid: sodium sulfate: dihydrogen phosphate: phosphoric acid in a mass ratio of 10: 3:1:6 ratio is mixed.
  • magnesium oxide and magnesium sulfate heptahydrate are the basic raw materials for preparing MGO substrates as forming agents; wood fiber particles and wood fibers as light fillers can reduce the weight of the substrate on the one hand, and increase the performance of the substrate on the other hand. Screw holding force.
  • a modifier is added to the MGO substrate to improve the surface performance of the substrate and reduce bubbles inside and on the substrate, thereby improving the internal bonding strength of the substrate.
  • the glass fiber surface mat is used as a reinforcing material.
  • the surface fibers in the glass fiber mat are evenly distributed, which makes the surface structure of the substrate very dense, and further improves the flexural strength of the substrate and the resistance to peeling and cracking;
  • the citric acid in the modifier is Bright powder, dihydrogen phosphate and phosphoric acid are all easily soluble in water, have good stability, reduce the generation of bubbles, and enhance the internal bonding strength of the substrate.
  • the dihydrogen phosphate is one of magnesium dihydrogen phosphate and sodium dihydrogen phosphate.
  • the light-burned magnesia has a magnesium content of ⁇ 85%, and an active magnesium content of >65%.
  • the fineness of the wood fiber particles is 20-60 mesh
  • the water content of the wood fiber particles is 0.5%-10%
  • the fiber length of the wood fiber is 3-12 mm
  • the water content of the wood fiber The rate is 0.5%-10%.
  • the dispersion performance in the magnesium oxysulfide gel material is better, and it is easier to interact with other components in the magnesium oxysulfide gel material.
  • the mixing is uniform; the wood fiber particles and wood fibers with the moisture content are selected to ensure the moisture content of the substrate and improve the internal bonding strength of the substrate.
  • the glass fiber mat is an alkali-free glass fiber surface mat
  • the alkali-free glass fiber surface mat is formed by non-directional glass fiber filaments solidified by resin bonding, and the mass content of the glass fiber filaments is 30- 100g/m 2 , the length of the glass fiber filament is ⁇ 50mm.
  • the surface structure of the substrate is dense, and the compressive strength of the substrate is improved; since the glass fiber filaments in the alkali-free fiber surface mat are randomly distributed, the alkali-free glass fiber surface mat has equal strength in all directions and improves the substrate It is not easy to peel and crack.
  • the second object of the present invention is to provide a novel method for preparing a new reinforced and toughened MGO substrate, which has a simple preparation process, reduces bubbles generated in the magnesium oxysulfide gel material during the preparation process, improves the bonding strength in the substrate, and is effective The advantages of ensuring the quality of the substrate.
  • the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for preparing a novel reinforced and toughened MGO substrate, including the following steps:
  • step S2 Blend the lightly burned magnesium oxide with the magnesium sulfate heptahydrate solution prepared in step S1 and stir uniformly, and then add the modifier, the lignocellulosic particles, and the lignocellulosic fiber in sequence and stir and mix to obtain the magnesium oxysulfide gel material;
  • step S3 Spread the glass fiber surface mat in the mold, spread the magnesium oxysulfide gel material prepared in step S2 on the glass fiber surface mat, flatten, and then lay a layer on the surface of the magnesium oxysulfide gel material
  • the glass fiber surface mat is flattened until the surface of the glass fiber mat is evenly penetrated by the slurry, and placed in a curing room with a temperature of 20-30°C and a humidity of 40%-60% for 2-6 hours to obtain a preliminary solidified semi-finished product;
  • step S4 Take out the preliminarily solidified semi-finished product prepared in step S3 from the curing room, flatten and vent; take it out and place it in a curing room with a temperature of 20-25°C and a humidity of 40%-50% for 3-5 days to obtain Second curing semi-finished products;
  • step S5 Take the second curing semi-finished product prepared in step S4 from the curing room, trimming, cutting and polishing; then place the polished second curing semi-finished product at a temperature of 20-25°C and a humidity of 40%-50% After curing for 5-12 days in the room, a finalized substrate is obtained.
  • the third object of the present invention is to provide a new type of reinforced and toughened MGO composite board, which has the advantages of wide application range and further enhancing the compressive strength, impact strength and screw holding force of the substrate.
  • the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a new type of reinforced and toughened MGO composite board, the composite board includes a surface layer and a substrate, and the surface layer is adhered and cured on the On the substrate, the surface layer includes any one of marble, veneer and new fireproof board.
  • the surface layer is marble
  • the utilization rate of marble resources is increased; at the same time, the marble is used to prepare the composite board, which solves the problem of slow marble construction and fragile cracking.
  • the surface layer of veneer can be prepared into composite wood flooring.
  • the composite wood flooring can greatly reduce the influence of humidity on the warpage of wood flooring due to the effect of the substrate glass fiber surface mat.
  • the surface layer is a composite fireproof board prepared by a new type of fireproof board.
  • the composite board has super dimensional stability and does not crack. After slotting, it can be quickly installed into wallboards, floors and ceilings; it can be used in cold and dry areas with high fire resistance.
  • the preparation process of the novel fireproof board immerse the glass fiber surface mat in the resin for 120-150 minutes, take it out and heat and press the melamine decorative paper at a temperature of 130-170° C. and a pressure of 10-21 MPa.
  • the fireproof board itself has the advantages of light weight, high strength, good durability, convenient construction, etc.
  • the glass fiber surface mat further makes the prepared new fireproof board equal in strength in all directions, making the entire decorative surface of the new fireproof board not easy to deform , So as to effectively strengthen the performance of the entire composite board that is not easy to peel and crack.
  • the preparation process of the new fireproof board The preparation process of the new fireproof board: immerse the non-woven fabric in the resin for 120-150 minutes, take it out and melamine decorative paper at a temperature of 130-170°C and a pressure of 10-21 MPa. Next hot press molding.
  • the process of preparing the new fireproof board is simple, while ensuring that the non-woven fabric reinforces the strength of the decorative surface of the new fireproof board, so that the prepared new fireproof board has equal strength in all directions, thereby effectively strengthening the entire composite board and not easy to peel and crack Performance.
  • both the melamine resin and the urea-formaldehyde resin have high heat resistance and moisture resistance, which further improves the moisture resistance of the overall composite board.
  • the resin includes one or both of melamine resin and urea-formaldehyde resin.
  • both the melamine resin and the urea-formaldehyde resin have high heat resistance and moisture resistance, which further improves the moisture resistance of the overall composite board.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • the modifier is preferably used in the present invention, the bubbles in the magnesium oxysulfide gel material are further reduced, and the internal bonding strength of the substrate is effectively improved.
  • the MGO substrate prepared by the present invention can be composited with multiple surface layers, thereby improving the compressive strength, impact strength and mechanical properties of the screw-holding force of the overall composite board.
  • Table 1 The sources and specifications of the raw materials of the new reinforced and toughened MGO composite board
  • the hot press selects BY214*8/E series multi-layer plywood hot press, purchased from Linyi Lanshan Jianye Machinery Manufacturing Factory (Linyi Lanshan Jianye Shunda Machinery Co., Ltd.);
  • Magnesium oxysulfide cementing material blend the light-burned magnesium oxide and the magnesium sulfate solution prepared in S2 according to Table 2 by weight and stir uniformly, then add the modifier and stir evenly to form a mixed slurry, and then add it to the mixed slurry
  • the compressive strength and apparent density are in accordance with the regulations of JC688-2006 "Glass Magnesium Plate”.
  • Impact strength Refer to GB/T1043.1 "Determination of impact performance of plastic simply supported beams Part 1: Non-instrumental impact test" for the determination of impact strength.
  • Anti-halogen reversion refer to JC688-2006 "Glass Magnesium Plate", cut out one 200mm*200mm plate on each of the 3 plates of a group of samples, and put in the relative humidity greater than or equal to 90%, the temperature is 30°C In a constant temperature and humidity box at -35°C, take it out after 24 hours and observe whether there is any water droplets or dampness.
  • Determination of screw holding force Refer to JC688-2006 "Glass Magnesium Plate", cut a 50mm*50mm plate from each of a set of 3 plates, and use a bench drill to drill the diameter at the intersection of the diagonals of the sample. The hole is 3.2mm, and then the wood screw is screwed in vertically. The depth is 10mm ⁇ 1mm from the opposite side. Do not hammer the nail. Load at a speed of 50N/S. Pull out the wood screw and record the ultimate load value.
  • JC688-2006 Glass Magnesium Plate
  • cut a 300mm*300mm plate on each of the 3 plates of a set of samples and use a CNC slotting machine to measure the diagonal of the sample.
  • the sides of the corner points are grooved, and the grooves are grooved toward the inner depth of the sample at a speed of 50N/S until the sample has peeling cracks, and the depth of the grooves at which the sample has peeling cracks is recorded.
  • Abrasion resistance test evaluate in accordance with GB/T18301-2012 "Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Refractories at Room Temperature”.
  • Fire resistance test evaluate in accordance with JC688-2006 "Glass Magnesium Plate” and GB/T8624-1997 "Classification Method for Combustion Performance of Building Materials”.
  • the new reinforced and toughened MGO substrate prepared by the above ratio has no gaps on the surface, and the apparent density is between 1.31-1.38t/m3.
  • the groove depth of the tongued grooves in the first to eleventh embodiments above is 160-175 mm.
  • Comparative Example 1 did not add a modifier; Comparative Examples 2, 3, and 4 added modifiers with different mass ratios.
  • the glass magnesium board purchased from Zhangjiagang Yide Import and Export Co., Ltd. is compared with the substrate made by the present invention; the components of the purchased glass magnesium board are active magnesium oxide, high-quality magnesium chloride, alkali-resistant glass fiber cloth, plant fiber, and non-combustible quality Light perlite, chemically stable lithopone, high molecular polymer, high performance modifier.
  • the glass magnesium board purchased from Zhangjiagang Shitai Building Materials Co., Ltd. was compared with the substrate made by the present invention; the components of the purchased glass magnesium board were activated magnesium oxide, high-quality magnesium chloride, alkali-resistant glass fiber cloth, and excellent flexibility Plant fiber, non-combustible and light perlite, high molecular polymer, high performance modifier.
  • the new reinforced and toughened MGO substrates prepared in each of the above comparative examples 1 to 4 were prepared according to the same method as the examples, the comparative examples 4 and 5 were purchased in the market, and the new reinforced and toughened MGO substrates prepared in each of the above comparative examples 1 to 6 were tested The results are shown in Table 5.
  • a new type of reinforced and toughened MGO composite board includes a surface layer and a substrate.
  • Marble is used as the surface layer.
  • the MGO substrate prepared according to the second embodiment above is bonded to the cut marble surface by a polyurethane adhesive. After 15 minutes of curing time, Cut the marble connected to the MGO substrate to obtain a marble surface that is composited with the MGO substrate.
  • the thickness of the marble surface is 0.5mm and the MGO substrate is 3mm; the marble surface composited with the MGO composite board is taken out, after polishing, UV, and a new type of reinforced and toughened MGO composite board.
  • a new type of reinforced and toughened MGO composite board includes a surface layer and a substrate.
  • the boxwood veneer is used as the surface layer.
  • the thickness of the boxwood veneer is 0.6mm.
  • the MGO substrate prepared according to the second embodiment above is bonded to the plane of the veneer by polyurethane adhesive. After 15 minutes of curing time, a semi-finished product is obtained; then the semi-finished product is sanded, UV or colored, and then UV, cut, and slotted.
  • the MGO substrate is 3mm to obtain a new reinforced and toughened MGO composite board.
  • a new type of reinforced and toughened MGO composite board includes a surface layer and a base plate.
  • the fireproof board is used as the surface layer.
  • the preparation method of the new fireproof board is: immersing the alkali-free glass fiber surface mat in a melamine resin and a urea-formaldehyde resin with a mass ratio of 1:1 Soak in the mixed resin for 130 minutes, and then take it out and melamine decorative paper at a temperature of 150°C and a pressure of 16Mpa, and then pass through a multi-layer plywood hot press to form a new type of fireproof board.
  • the obtained new fireproof board was bonded to both sides of the substrate prepared in Example 2 through a polyurethane adhesive to obtain a new reinforced and toughened MGO composite board.
  • a new type of reinforced and toughened MGO composite board includes a surface layer and a base plate.
  • the new type of fireproof board is used as the surface layer.
  • the preparation method of the new type of fireproof board is: immerse the non-woven fabric in the mixed resin with a mass ratio of melamine resin and urea-formaldehyde resin of 1:1 , Soak for 130 minutes, then take out and melamine decorative paper under the conditions of temperature of 150 °C, pressure of 16Mpa, hot press molding, to obtain a new type of fireproof board.
  • the obtained new fireproof board was bonded to both sides of the substrate prepared in Example 2 through a polyurethane adhesive to obtain a new reinforced and toughened MGO composite board.

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Abstract

一种增强增韧MGO基板、制备方法及具有MGO基板的复合板。增强增韧MGO基板包括中间层及位于中间层上下表面的纤维层，纤维层为玻璃纤维表面毡，中间层由成型剂、轻质填料、改性剂和水组成，各组分的重量份如下：轻烧氧化镁34-45份、七水硫酸镁23-30份、木质纤维颗粒8-10份、木质纤维4-6份、改性剂0.5-2份、水18-26份；改性剂为柠檬酸：元明粉：磷酸二氢盐：磷酸按质量比为10:3:1:6的比例混合而成；MGO基板具有内部结合强度高、抗折强度、握螺钉力的性能高、不易剥离破碎的优点；MGO基板的制备方法简单，能提高基板内结合强度。另外，复合板具有内部结合强度高，实用性高的优点。

Description

新型增强增韧MGO基板、制备方法及具有该基板的复合板 技术领域
本发明涉及装饰材料领域，更具体地说，它涉及一种新型增强增韧MGO基板、制备方法及具有该基板的复合板。
背景技术
玻镁防火板亦称玻镁板、氧化镁板、菱镁板、镁质板。生产玻镁防火板材料成分为活性高纯氧化镁(MgO)、优质氯化镁(MgCl2)、抗碱玻纤布、植物纤维、不燃质轻的珍珠岩、化学稳定立德粉、高分子聚合物、高性能改性剂。
目前，授权公告号为CN101871246B的中国发明专利公开了一种玻镁板，由成型剂、增强材料、轻质填料、改性剂和水组成，其中成型剂为氧化镁、硫酸镁和氯化镁，增强材料为玻璃纤维网格布或其它增强材料，改性剂包括增白剂、稳定剂和调色剂。
上述现有技术采用玻璃纤维网格布作为增强材料，玻璃纤维网格布具有极佳的韧性，从而玻璃纤维网格布与其它材料结合时内结合强度偏低；当外界对该玻镁板进行安装开榫槽时，玻镁板开榫槽处容易受到剪切力的剥离从而出现开榫槽槽口碎裂的现象，影响该玻镁板的实用性。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的不足，本发明的第一个目的在于提供一种新型增强增韧MGO基板，其具有基板内部结合强度高、抗折强度、握螺钉力的性能高，不易剥离开裂的优点。
为实现上述第一个目的，本发明提供了如下技术方案：一种新型增强增韧MGO基板，包括中间层及位于中间层上下表面的纤维层，所述纤维层为玻璃纤维表面毡，所述中间层由成型剂、轻质填料、改性剂和水制备而成，各组分的重量分数如下：轻烧氧化镁34-45份、七水硫酸镁23-30份、木质纤维颗粒8-10份、木质纤维4-6份、改性剂0.5-2份、水：18-26份；所述改性剂为柠檬酸：元明粉：磷酸二氢盐：磷酸按质量比为10:3:1:6的比例混合而成。
通过采用上述技术方案，氧化镁和七水硫酸镁作为成型剂是制备MGO基 板的基本原料；木质纤维颗粒和木质纤维作为轻质填料，一方面可以降低基板的重量，另一方面可以提高基板的握螺钉力。此外，MGO基板中添加改性剂，提高基板的表面性能，减少基板内部和表面的气泡，从而提高了基板的内部结合强度。玻璃纤维表面毡作为增强材料，该玻璃纤维毡中表面纤维具均匀分布，使的基板表面结构非常致密，进一步提高基板的抗折强度以及不易剥离开裂的性能；改性剂中的柠檬酸，元明粉，磷酸二氢盐和磷酸均易溶于水，稳定性好，减少气泡的产生，增强基板的内部结合强度。
进一步地，所述磷酸二氢盐为磷酸二氢镁和磷酸二氢钠中的一种。
通过采用上述技术方案，进一步减少气泡的产生，增强基板的内部结合强度。
进一步地，所述轻烧氧化镁含镁量≥85％，活性镁含量＞65％。
通过采用上述技术方案，提高制备速率，节约轻烧氧化镁的用量，减少生产成本的使用。
进一步地，所述木质纤维颗粒的细度为20-60目，所述木质纤维颗粒的含水率为0.5％-10％，所述木质纤维的纤维长度为3-12mm，所述木质纤维的含水率为0.5％-10％。
通过采用上述技术方案，选用该细度的木质纤维颗粒和该长度的木质纤维，在硫氧镁凝胶材料中的分散性能更佳，且更容易与硫氧镁凝胶材料中的其他组分混合均匀；选用该含水率的木质纤维颗粒和木质纤维，保证基板的含水率，提高基板的内结合强度。
进一步地，所述玻璃纤维毡为无碱玻璃纤维表面毡，所述无碱玻璃纤维表面毡由玻纤长丝不定向地通过树脂粘结固化而成，所述玻纤长丝的质量含量为30-100g/m 2，所述玻纤长丝的长度≥50mm。
通过采用上述技术方案，使得基板表面结构致密，提高基板的抗压强度；由于无碱纤维表面毡中的玻纤长丝是随机分布的，无碱玻璃纤维表面毡在各个方向强度均等，提高基材不易剥离开裂的性能。
本发明的第二个目的在于提供一种新型增强增韧MGO基板的制备方法，其具有制备过程简单，制备过程中减少硫氧镁凝胶材料的中产生的气泡，提高基板内结合强度，有效保证基板质量的优点。
为实现上述第二个目的，本发明提供了如下技术方案：一种新型增强增韧MGO基板的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
S1、将七水硫酸镁与水搅拌均匀得到七水硫酸镁溶液；
S2、将轻烧氧化镁与步骤S1中制备的七水硫酸镁溶液共混搅拌均匀，再依次加入改性剂、木质纤维颗粒、木质纤维搅拌混合，得到硫氧镁凝胶材料；
S3、将玻璃纤维表面毡平铺于模具中，将步骤S2中制备得到的硫氧镁凝胶材料平铺于玻璃纤维表面毡上，压平，再在硫氧镁凝胶材料表面铺设一层玻璃纤维表面毡，压平，直至玻璃纤维毡表面均匀的被浆料渗透，放置于温度为20-30℃、湿度为40％-60％的养护房中2-6h，即得初步固化半成品；
S4、将步骤S3中制备的初步固化半成品从养护房中取出，压平、排气；取出放置于温度为20-25℃、湿度为40％-50％的养护房中3-5天，得到第二养护半成品；
S5、将步骤S4中制备的第二养护半成品从养护房中取出，修边、切割和抛光；然后将抛光的第二养护半成品放置于温度为20-25℃、湿度为40％-50％的养护房中5-12天，得到定型的基板。
通过采用上述技术方案，严格控制其各个原料的添加顺序，能够保证轻烧氧化镁、七水硫酸镁、改性剂、木质纤维颗粒和木质纤维之间的均匀分散，提高复合板基材层之间的内部结合力；后利用多次压平、排气的工艺方法进一步减少硫氧镁凝胶材料中的气泡，有效改善基板的内结合强度。同时经过三次养护，给予硫酸镁凝胶材料之间具有充分的反应定型时间，有效保证基板的质量。
本发明的第三个目的在于提供一种新型增强增韧MGO复合板，其具有应用范围广、进一步增强基板的抗压强度、抗冲击强度和握螺钉力的优点。
为实现上述第三个目的，本发明提供了如下技术方案：一种新型增强增韧MGO复合板，所述复合板包括面层和基板，所述面层通过粘胶剂粘合固化在所述基板上，所述面层包括大理石、木皮和新型防火板中的任意一种。
通过采用上述技术方案，面层为大理石时，增加了大理石资源的利用率；同时采用大理石制备复合板，解决大理石施工慢，易碎开裂的问题。面层为木皮可制备为复合木地板，复合木地板由于基板玻璃纤维表面毡的作用极大的减少湿度对木地板翘曲的影响。面层为新型防火板制备的复合防火板，该复合板尺寸稳定性超强，不开裂，开槽后可快速装入墙板与地板、天花板中；可应用于寒冷干 燥地区，防火等级高的特点。
进一步地，所述新型防火板制备过程：将玻璃纤维表面毡浸没在树脂中120-150min，取出与三聚氰胺装饰纸在温度130-170℃、压力为10-21MPa的条件下热压成型。
通过采用上述技术方案，采用防火板本身具有轻质高强、耐久性好、施工方便等优点，玻璃纤维表面毡进一步使得制备的新型防火板在各个方向强度均等，使得整个新型防火板装饰面不易变形，从而有效的加强整个复合板不易剥离开裂的性能。
进一步地，所述新型防火板制备过程：所述新型防火板制备过程：将无纺布浸没在树脂中120-150min,取出与三聚氰胺装饰纸在温度130-170℃、压力为10-21MPa的条件下热压成型。
通过采用上述技术方案，制备新型防火板过程简单，同时保证无纺布加强了新型防火板装饰面的强度，使得制备的新型防火板在各个方向强度均等，从而有效的加强整个复合板不易剥离开裂的性能。
通过采用上述技术方案，三聚氰胺树脂和脲醛树脂均具有很高的抗热和防潮性能，进一步提高整体复合板的防潮性能。
进一步地，所述树脂包括三聚氰胺树脂和脲醛树脂中的一种或两种。
通过采用上述技术方案，三聚氰胺树脂和脲醛树脂均具有很高的抗热和防潮性能，进一步提高整体复合板的防潮性能。
综上所述，本发明具有以下有益效果：
第一、由于本发明中优选采用改性剂，进一步减少硫氧镁凝胶材料中气泡，有效提高基板的内结合强度。
第二、本发明中优选采用无碱玻璃纤维表面毡，加强基板的机械强度。
第三、本发明制备的MGO基板可以多种面层进行复合，提高整体复合板的抗压强度、抗冲击强度和握螺钉力的力学性能。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本发明作进一步详细说明。
原料来源：见下表1
表1新型增强增韧MGO复合板的各原料来源和规格
Figure PCTCN2020080147-appb-000001
热压机选用BY214*8/E系列多层胶合板热压机，购自于临沂市兰山区建业机械制造厂(临沂市兰山区建业顺达机械有限公司)；
PG02系列-数控开槽机(自刨机)，购自于上海恒力有限公司。
实施例
各实施例中的组分和配比如表2所示。
表2各实施例中新型增强增韧MGO基板的组分和配比：
Figure PCTCN2020080147-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2020080147-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2020080147-appb-000004
Figure PCTCN2020080147-appb-000005
以上实施例一至实施例十一的新型增强增韧MGO基板的制备方法如下：
S1、将按表2中的无碱玻璃纤维表面毡铺放平整，按照模具2440*1220对无碱玻璃纤维表面毡进行切割。
S2、硫酸镁溶液的配制，首先将按表2中的重量份的七水硫酸镁加入水中，搅拌均匀得到硫酸镁溶液；
S3、硫氧镁胶凝材料，将按照表2重量份轻烧氧化镁与S2中制备的硫酸镁溶液共混搅拌均匀，再加入改性剂搅拌均匀形成混合料浆，然后向混合料浆中依次加入按照表2的重量份的杨木粉、木质纤维，搅拌均匀，震动泵排气，得到硫氧镁凝胶材料；
S4、利用模具制备初步固化半成品，在常温下，将S1切割后的无碱玻璃纤维表面毡平铺于模具中，步骤S3中制备的硫氧镁凝胶材料平铺于玻璃纤维表面毡上，采用定厚辊压平，输送过程中使用震动泵排气，再在硫氧镁凝胶材料表面铺设一层玻璃纤维表面毡，压平，并使无碱玻璃纤维毡表面均匀的被浆料渗透；取出模具，放置于按表2中的养护房温度、湿度和时间，即得初步固化半成品；
S5、制备第二养护半成品，将S4中制备的初步固化半成品从养护房中取出，进行压平、排气；然后放置于按表2中养护房中温度、湿度和时间，得到第二养护半成品；
S6、最终定型基板，将S5中制备的第二养护半成品从养护房中取出，修边、切割和抛光；然后将抛光的第二养护半成品放置于养护房按表2中养护房温度、湿度和时间，得到基板。
以上各实施例制备的新型增强增韧MGO基板的性能由以下方法测试。
表观性能：包括握螺钉力前和握螺钉力后，并利用扫描电子显微镜对 MGO基板或复合板标准试块进行微观检测，观测其表面裂纹。
抗压强度、表观密度均按照JC688-2006《玻镁平板》规定进行。
抗冲击强度：参照GB/T1043.1《塑料简支梁冲击性能的测定第1部分：非仪器化冲击试验》的抗冲击强度的测定方法。
抗返卤性：参照JC688-2006《玻镁平板》，在一组试样的3块板上每块任意切下200mm*200mm板各1块，放入相对湿度大于等于90％，温度30℃-35℃的恒温恒湿箱中，24h后取出观察，有无水珠或返潮。
握螺钉力的测定：参照JC688-2006《玻镁平板》，在一组式样的3块板上每块切下50mm*50mm板各1块，在试样对角线交点预先用台钻钻直径为3.2mm的穿孔，然后木螺钉垂直拧入，深度为对面出头10mm±1mm，不得锤钉，并以50N/S的速度加荷，拨出木螺钉，记录极限荷载值。
开榫槽后的测定，参照JC688-2006《玻镁平板》，在一组试样的3块板上每块切下300mm*300mm板各1块，使用数控开槽机对试样对角线角点的侧边进行开槽，并以50N/S的速度朝向试样的内部深度开榫槽，直至试样出现剥离开裂，记录试样出现剥离开裂的开榫槽深度。
耐磨度的测试：按照GB/T18301-2012《耐火材料常温耐磨性实验方法》进行评定。
耐火性能的测试：按照JC688-2006《玻镁平板》和GB/T8624-1997《建筑材料燃烧性能分级方法》进行评定。
表3新型增强增韧MGO复合板基板各项测试结果
Figure PCTCN2020080147-appb-000006
Figure PCTCN2020080147-appb-000007
由以上配比制备得新型增强增韧MGO基板表面无缝隙，表观密度在1.31-1.38t/m3之间，增强增韧MGO基板的孔隙率越小，基材的密实度越高，从而基材内结合强度高。同时上述实施例一至十一中的开榫槽出现剥离开裂现象的槽深度范围为160-175mm。
对比例
各对比例所制得新型增强增韧MGO基板的组分和配比如表4所示。
表4各对比例一至四中新型增强增韧MGO基板的组分和配比
Figure PCTCN2020080147-appb-000008
Figure PCTCN2020080147-appb-000009
与实施例二对比，对比例一未添加改性剂；对比例二、三、四添加的不同质量比的改性剂。
对比例五
从张家港益德进出口有限公司上购买的玻镁板与本发明制作的基板进行对比；该购买的玻镁板的成分为活性氧化镁、优质氯化镁、抗碱玻纤布、植物纤维、不燃质轻的珍珠岩、化学稳定立德粉、高分子聚合物、高性能改性剂。
对比例六
从张家港市时泰建筑材料有限公司上购买的玻镁板与本发明制作的基板进行对比；该购买的玻镁板的成分为活性氧化镁、优质氯化镁、抗碱玻纤布、柔性极佳的植物纤维、不燃质轻的珍珠岩、高分子聚合物、高性能改性剂。
以上各对比例一至四制得的新型增强增韧MGO基板按照与实施例相同的方法制得，对比例四、五购买于市场，以上各对比例一至六制得的新型增强增韧MGO基板测试结果如表5所示。
表5各对比例制得新型增强增韧MGO基板的性能测试结果
Figure PCTCN2020080147-appb-000010
由以上数据可知，未添加改性剂、添加超量或少量的改性剂时，在制备硫氧镁凝胶材料时产生细小气泡不稳定，互相之间容易发生融并，并形成较大的气孔，开榫槽的深度大大降低，容易在安装基板时易于出现剥离碎裂现象。
新型增强增韧MGO复合板实施例
实施例八
一种新型增强增韧MGO复合板包括面层和基板，大理石作为面层，根据上述实施例二制备的MGO基板通过聚氨酯胶黏剂粘结在经过切割的大理石平面上，经过15min固化时间，然后将大理石连通MGO基板剖开，得到与MGO基板复合的大理石面，该大理石面厚度为0.5mm,MGO基板为3mm；取出与MGO复合板复合的大理石面，经过抛光、UV，得到新型增强增韧MGO复合板。
实施例九
一种新型增强增韧MGO复合板包括面层和基板，黄杨木皮作为面层，黄杨木皮的厚度为0.6mm，根据上述实施例二制备的MGO基板通过聚氨酯胶黏剂粘结在木皮的平面上，经过15min固化时间，得到半成品；然后将半成品经过砂光、UV或者上色后UV，切割，开槽，MGO基板为3mm，得到新型增强增韧MGO复合板。
实施例十
一种新型增强增韧MGO复合板包括面层和基板，防火板作为面层，新型防火板的制备方法为：将无碱玻璃纤维表面毡浸没在三聚氰胺树脂与脲醛树脂质量比为1：1的混合树脂中，浸泡130min，然后取出与三聚氰胺装饰纸在温度为150℃、压力为16Mpa的条件下，经过多层胶合板热压机热压成型，得到新型防火板。
然后将得到的新型防火板通过聚氨酯胶粘剂粘结在实施例二制备的基板两侧面上，得到新型增强增韧MGO复合板。
实施例十一
一种新型增强增韧MGO复合板包括面层和基板，新型防火板作为面层，新型防火板制备方法为：将无纺布浸没在三聚氰胺树脂与脲醛树脂质量比为1：1的混合树脂中，浸泡130min,然后取出与三聚氰胺装饰纸在温度为150℃、压力为16Mpa的条件下热压成型，得到新型防火板。
然后将得到的新型防火板通过聚氨酯胶粘剂粘结在实施例二制备的基板的两侧面上，得到新型增强增韧MGO复合板。
新型增强增韧MGO复合板实施例八至十一测试结果如下表所示。
表6新型增强增韧MGO复合板的各项测试结果
Figure PCTCN2020080147-appb-000011
Figure PCTCN2020080147-appb-000012
由以上数据可知，通过该制备方法制备的增强增韧MGO复合板的强度明显增加；同时实施八至十一制备的复合板耐磨性均达到AC3以上，不燃性均达到A级。
本具体实施例仅仅是对本发明的解释，其并不是对本发明的限制，本领域技术人员在阅读完本说明书后可以根据需要对本实施例做出没有创造性贡献的修改，但只要在本发明的权利要求范围内都受到专利法的保护。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种新型增强增韧MGO基板，其特征在于，包括中间层及位于中间层上下表面的纤维层，所述纤维层为玻璃纤维表面毡，所述中间层由成型剂、轻质填料、改性剂和水组成，各组分的重量份如下：轻烧氧化镁34-45份、七水硫酸镁23-30份、木质纤维颗粒8-10份、木质纤维4-6份、改性剂0.5-2份、水：18-26份；所述改性剂为柠檬酸：元明粉：磷酸二氢盐：磷酸按质量比为10:3:1:6的比例混合而成。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种新型增强增韧MGO基板，其特征在于，所述磷酸二氢盐为磷酸二氢镁和磷酸二氢钠中的一种。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种新型增强增韧MGO基板，其特征在于，所述轻烧氧化镁含镁量≥85％，活性镁含量＞65％。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种新型增强增韧MGO基板，其特征在于，所述木质纤维颗粒的细度为20-60目，所述木质纤维颗粒的含水率为0.5％-10％，所述木质纤维的纤维长度为3-12mm，所述木质纤维的含水率为0.5％-10％。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种新型增强增韧MGO基板，其特征在于，所述玻璃纤维表面毡为无碱玻璃纤维表面毡，所述无碱玻璃纤维表面毡由玻纤长丝不定向地通过树脂粘结固化而成，所述玻纤长丝的质量含量为30-100g/m2，所述玻纤长丝的长度≥50mm。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5所一项所述的一种新型增强增韧MGO基板的制备方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
    S1、将七水硫酸镁与水搅拌均匀得到七水硫酸镁溶液；
    S2、将轻烧氧化镁与步骤S1中制备的七水硫酸镁溶液共混搅拌均匀，再依次加入改性剂、木质纤维颗粒、木质纤维搅拌混合，得到硫氧镁凝胶材料；
    S3、将玻璃纤维表面毡平铺于模具中，将步骤S2中制备得到的硫氧镁凝胶材料平铺于玻璃纤维表面毡上，压平，再在硫氧镁凝胶材料表面铺设一层玻璃纤维表面毡，压平，直至玻璃纤维毡表面均匀的被浆料渗透，放置于温度为20-30℃、湿度为40％-60％的养护房中2-6h，即得初步固化半成品；
    S4、将步骤S3中制备的初步固化半成品从养护房中取出，压平、排气；取出放置于温度为25-30℃、湿度为40％-50％的养护房中3-5天，得到第二养护半成品；
    S5、将步骤S4中制备的第二养护半成品从养护房中取出，修边、切割和抛光；然后将抛光的第二养护半成品放置于温度为25-30℃、湿度为40％-50％的养护房中5-12天，得到定型的基板。
  7. 一种新型增强增韧MGO复合板，其特征在于：所述复合板包括面层和基板，所述基板采 用权利要求1-5任一项所述的增强增韧MGO基板，所述面层为大理石、木皮和新型防火板中的任意一种。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述一种新型增强增韧MGO复合板，其特征在于，所述新型防火板制备过程：将玻璃表面毡浸没在树脂中120-150min,取出与三聚氰胺装饰纸在温度130-170℃、压力为10-21MPa的条件下热压成型。
  9. 权利要求8所述一种新型增强增韧MGO复合板，其特征在于，所述新型防火板制备过程：将无纺布浸没在树脂中120-150min，取出与三聚氰胺装饰纸在温度130-170℃、压力为10-21MPa的条件下热压成型。
  10. 根据权利要求8或9所述一种新型增强增韧MGO复合板，其特征在于，所述树脂包括三聚氰胺树脂和脲醛树脂中的一种或两种。
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