WO2021177763A1 - 신속한 냉각이 가능한 구조를 갖는 배터리 모듈 및 이를 포함하는 ess - Google Patents
신속한 냉각이 가능한 구조를 갖는 배터리 모듈 및 이를 포함하는 ess Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2021177763A1 WO2021177763A1 PCT/KR2021/002713 KR2021002713W WO2021177763A1 WO 2021177763 A1 WO2021177763 A1 WO 2021177763A1 KR 2021002713 W KR2021002713 W KR 2021002713W WO 2021177763 A1 WO2021177763 A1 WO 2021177763A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- battery module
- module housing
- module
- insulating cover
- battery
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title description 7
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims 9
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000247 superabsorbent polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- OJIJEKBXJYRIBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Cd] OJIJEKBXJYRIBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009474 immediate action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000652 nickel hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QELJHCBNGDEXLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel zinc Chemical compound [Ni].[Zn] QELJHCBNGDEXLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
- H01M50/383—Flame arresting or ignition-preventing means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/627—Stationary installations, e.g. power plant buffering or backup power supplies
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C2/00—Fire prevention or containment
- A62C2/06—Physical fire-barriers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C2/00—Fire prevention or containment
- A62C2/06—Physical fire-barriers
- A62C2/065—Physical fire-barriers having as the main closure device materials, whose characteristics undergo an irreversible change under high temperatures, e.g. intumescent
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
- A62C3/16—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in electrical installations, e.g. cableways
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
- A62C31/02—Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
- A62C31/28—Accessories for delivery devices, e.g. supports
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C37/00—Control of fire-fighting equipment
- A62C37/08—Control of fire-fighting equipment comprising an outlet device containing a sensor, or itself being the sensor, i.e. self-contained sprinklers
- A62C37/10—Releasing means, e.g. electrically released
- A62C37/11—Releasing means, e.g. electrically released heat-sensitive
- A62C37/14—Releasing means, e.g. electrically released heat-sensitive with frangible vessels
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6561—Gases
- H01M10/6563—Gases with forced flow, e.g. by blowers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6567—Liquids
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
- H01M50/24—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries from their environment, e.g. from corrosion
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/251—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for stationary devices, e.g. power plant buffering or backup power supplies
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/258—Modular batteries; Casings provided with means for assembling
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
- H01M50/507—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing comprising an arrangement of two or more busbars within a container structure, e.g. busbar modules
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- A62C99/0009—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames
- A62C99/0072—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames using sprayed or atomised water
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2200/00—Safety devices for primary or secondary batteries
- H01M2200/10—Temperature sensitive devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/10—Batteries in stationary systems, e.g. emergency power source in plant
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a battery module having a structure capable of rapid cooling and an ESS including the same.
- the present invention more specifically, relates to a battery module having a structure in which a sprinkler can quickly operate when a high-temperature venting gas is discharged from the battery module, and an ESS including the same.
- a lithium secondary battery mainly use a lithium-based oxide and a carbon material as a positive electrode active material and a negative electrode active material, respectively.
- a lithium secondary battery includes an electrode assembly in which a positive electrode plate and a negative electrode plate to which the positive electrode active material and the negative electrode active material are applied, respectively, are disposed with a separator interposed therebetween, and a casing for sealing and housing the electrode assembly together with an electrolyte, that is, a battery pouch casing.
- secondary batteries have been widely used not only in small devices such as portable electronic devices, but also in medium and large devices such as automobiles and power storage devices.
- a large number of secondary batteries are electrically connected to increase capacity and output.
- a pouch-type secondary battery is widely used in such a medium-to-large device due to the advantage of easy stacking.
- such a battery module is generally provided with an external housing made of a metal material in order to protect the plurality of secondary batteries from external impact or to store and store. Meanwhile, the demand for high-capacity battery modules is increasing recently.
- the present invention was created in consideration of the above-described problems, and the purpose of the present invention is to secure safety in the use of the battery module and ESS by enabling the sprinkler to operate quickly when high-temperature venting gas is leaked from the battery module. do.
- a battery module for solving the above problems, a plurality of battery cells; a module housing accommodating a cell stack including the plurality of battery cells; and a sprinkler passing through the module housing from one side of the stacking direction of the cell stack. It includes, wherein the sprinkler is located on the outside of the module housing, the coupler connected to the supply pipe for supplying a cooling fluid; a sprinkler head positioned inside the module housing and connected to the coupler; and an insulating cover that covers the sprinkler head and an impeller assembly that covers an opening formed at one end of the insulating cover in a longitudinal direction; includes
- the sprinkler head may include: a glass bulb that blocks the cooling fluid injection port of the coupler, and breaks when the temperature and gas flow rate inside the battery module exceed reference values to open the cooling fluid injection port; and a holding bracket surrounding the glass bulb and fixing the glass bulb. may include.
- the insulating cover may include a cover hole formed at a position corresponding to the glass bulb.
- the impeller assembly may include an impeller frame fixed to the insulating cover; and an impeller disposed in an air inlet hole formed in the impeller frame and rotated by a flow of air introduced into the glass bulb through the air inlet hole. may include.
- the module housing may include a pair of base covers respectively covering a lower surface and an upper surface of the cell stack; a pair of side covers covering the side surfaces of the cell stack; a front cover covering the front surface of the cell stack; and a rear cover covering a rear surface of the cell stack. may include.
- the battery module may include a pair of bus bar frames respectively coupled to one side and the other side in the width direction of the cell stack.
- the sprinkler head and the insulating cover assembly may pass through one side of the rear cover in the longitudinal direction and be positioned in an empty space formed between the bus bar frame and the side cover.
- the other end of the insulating cover may be coupled to an inner surface of the module housing or a coupler penetrating the module housing.
- An adhesive layer may be interposed between the other end of the insulating cover and the inner surface of the module housing or between the other end of the insulating cover and the coupler passing through the module housing.
- the insulating cover assembly may be separated from the inner surface of the module housing or the coupler penetrating the module housing as the temperature in the module housing increases and the adhesive force of the adhesive layer is lost or deteriorated.
- the battery module may include at least one guide plate fixed in the module housing, one end of the longitudinal direction inclined toward the impeller assembly.
- the battery module may include: an air inlet formed through the front cover; an air outlet formed through the rear cover; and an expansion pad disposed inside the air inlet and the air outlet and expanding upon contact with the cooling fluid introduced into the battery module to at least partially close the air inlet and the air outlet.
- an air inlet formed through the front cover an air outlet formed through the rear cover
- an expansion pad disposed inside the air inlet and the air outlet and expanding upon contact with the cooling fluid introduced into the battery module to at least partially close the air inlet and the air outlet.
- At least a portion of the expansion pad may be inserted into an accommodating groove formed on an inner surface of the module housing.
- the battery module may include mesh plates disposed on both sides of the inflatable pad to guide movement of the inflatable pad.
- the ESS according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of battery modules according to an embodiment of the present invention as described above.
- the sprinkler when a high-temperature venting gas is leaked from within the battery module, the sprinkler can be operated quickly, thereby ensuring safety in the use of the battery module and the ESS.
- FIG. 1 and 2 are perspective views illustrating a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIGS. 3 and 4 are views showing the internal structure of the battery module shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 .
- FIG. 5 is a view showing a sprinkler applied to the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a front view showing an impeller assembly applied to the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a view showing the positional relationship between the sprinkler and the guide plate applied to the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a view showing a part of a front surface of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention, and is a view showing an expansion pad disposed in the battery module.
- FIGS. 9 to 11 are views illustrating a part of a cross-section of a battery module viewed from the side according to an embodiment of the present invention, and illustrating an expansion pad disposed in the battery module.
- the battery module 1 includes a plurality of battery cells 100 , a bus bar frame 200 , a module housing 300 , an air inlet 400 , It includes an air outlet 500 and a sprinkler 600 .
- the battery cells 100 are provided in plurality, and the plurality of battery cells 100 are stacked to form one cell stack.
- a pouch type battery cell may be applied.
- the battery cell 100 includes a pair of electrode leads 110 respectively drawn out in both sides of the longitudinal direction (in a direction parallel to the Y axis shown in the drawing).
- the cell stack may further include a buffer pad provided between the battery cells 100 adjacent to each other, if necessary. When these buffer paddens and cell stacks are accommodated in the module housing 300 , the cell stacks can be accommodated in a compressed state, thereby limiting movement due to external shocks, and also swells of the battery cells 100 . Ring (swelling) phenomenon can be suppressed.
- a pair of the bus bar frames 200 is provided, and each bus bar frame 200 covers one side and the other side of the cell stack in a width direction (a direction parallel to the Y axis shown).
- the electrode lead 110 of the battery cell 100 is drawn out through a slit formed in the bus bar frame 200 , and is bent and fixed on the bus bar provided in the bus bar frame 200 by welding or the like. That is, the plurality of battery cells 100 may be electrically connected by a bus bar provided in the bus bar frame 200 .
- the module housing 300 has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape, and accommodates the cell stack therein.
- the module housing 300 includes a pair of base covers 310 each covering the lower and upper surfaces (parallel to the XY plane) of the cell stack, and the side surfaces (parallel to the XZ plane) of the cell stack, respectively.
- a pair of side covers 320, a front cover 330 that covers the front surface (plane parallel to the YZ plane) of the cell stack, and a rear cover 340 that covers the rear surface (plane parallel to the YZ plane) of the cell stack ) is included.
- the air inlet 400 is formed on one side in the stacking direction (parallel to the X-axis) of the cell stack, that is, one side in the longitudinal direction of the battery module 1 , and is formed in the form of a hole passing through the front cover 330 .
- the air outlet 500 is formed on the other side of the cell stack in the stacking direction, that is, on the other side in the longitudinal direction of the battery module 1 , and is formed in the form of a hole passing through the rear cover 340 .
- the air inlet 400 and the air outlet 500 are located on opposite sides in a diagonal direction along the longitudinal direction (parallel to the X axis) of the mutual battery module 1 .
- an empty space is formed between the bus bar frame 200 and the side cover 320 . That is, between the inner surface of the bus bar frame 200 and the surface facing the longitudinal direction (parallel to the Y-axis) one side and the other side of the battery cell 100 of the six outer surfaces of the module housing 300, An empty space through which air for cooling the battery cell 100 can flow is formed.
- the empty space is formed on both sides of the battery module 1 in the width direction (in a direction parallel to the Y-axis).
- the air inlet 400 is formed at a position corresponding to an empty space formed on one side of the width direction (parallel to the Y axis) of the battery module 1
- the air outlet 500 is the width of the battery module 1 . It is formed at a position corresponding to the empty space formed on the other side of the direction.
- the battery module (1) the air introduced into the interior through the air inlet (400) from the empty space formed on one side of the battery module (1) in the width direction to the empty space formed on the other side in the width direction of the battery module (1) After cooling the battery cell 100 while moving to space, it exits to the outside through the air outlet 500 . That is, the battery module 1 corresponds to an air-cooled battery module.
- the air inlet 400 unlike its name, may be used as a passage through which air whose temperature has risen by being used for cooling escapes, and the air outlet 500 is also used for cooling, unlike its name. It can be used as a passage through which external air is introduced. That is, an impeller for forced ventilation may be installed in the air inlet 400 and/or the air outlet 500 , and the air circulation direction may vary according to the rotation direction of the impeller.
- the sprinkler 600 is, for example, connected to a supply pipe (not shown) for supplying a cooling fluid such as cooling water, and operates when the temperature and the flow rate of the internal gas in the battery module 1 reach a certain level or more.
- a cooling fluid is supplied to the inside of the module (1). That is, the sprinkler 600 operates by detecting when an abnormality occurs in the battery cell 100 and venting occurs and high-temperature gas is discharged. As such, when the sprinkler 600 operates, a cooling fluid is supplied to the inside of the battery module 1 to prevent ignition and/or explosion due to overheating of the battery cell 100 .
- a portion of the sprinkler 600 is exposed to the outside of the rear cover 340 , and the remaining portion passes through the rear cover 340 and is located in an empty space formed between the bus bar frame 200 and the side cover 320 . do.
- the sprinkler 600 is installed opposite to the air outlet 500 formed on one side in the longitudinal direction (parallel to the Y-axis) of the rear cover 340 .
- the sprinkler 600 includes a coupler 610 , a sprinkler head 620 , and an insulating cover assembly 630 .
- the coupler 610 is located outside the module housing 300 and is connected to a supply pipe (not shown) for supplying a cooling fluid. That is, the coupler 610 is a metal material and is a component for fastening an external supply pipe.
- the sprinkler head 620 is located inside the module housing 300 and is connected to the coupler 610 .
- the insulating cover assembly 630 covers the sprinkler head 620 , whereby the sprinkler head 620 is in direct contact with the electrode lead 110 of the battery cell 100 and/or the bus bar of the bus bar frame 200 . Prevent short circuits from occurring.
- the insulating cover assembly 630 has a function of inducing the gas heated according to the temperature rise inside the module housing 300 to flow toward the sprinkler head 620 intensively, as will be described later.
- the sprinkler head 620 includes a glass bulb 621 and a holding bracket 622 .
- the glass bulb 621 blocks the cooling fluid injection port P of the coupler 610, and when the flow rate of the internal gas whose temperature is increased due to the temperature and the venting gas inside the battery module 1 exceeds the reference value, it is broken and cooled Open the fluid injection port (P).
- the glass bulb 621 contains a liquid that expands as the temperature rises therein, and the liquid is vented in at least some of the battery cells 100 in the battery module 1 so that the high-temperature venting gas is discharged from the battery. When the module (1) fills the inside, it expands.
- the cooling fluid fills the inside of the module housing 300 through the cooling fluid injection hole P.
- the holding bracket 622 is made of a metal material, surrounds the glass bulb 621 and fixes the glass bulb 621 so that it does not move.
- the insulating cover assembly 630 includes an insulating cover 631 and an impeller assembly 632 .
- the insulating cover 631 has a substantially hollow cylindrical shape surrounding the circumference of the sprinkler head 620 .
- An impeller assembly 632 is attached to an opening formed at one end of the insulating cover 631 in the longitudinal direction (parallel to the X-axis in the drawing), and the other end of the insulating cover 631 in the longitudinal direction has a module housing 300 . ) is coupled to the inner surface of the rear cover 340 or the coupler 610 penetrating the rear cover 340 .
- the insulating cover 631 includes at least one cover hole 631a formed at a position corresponding to the glass bulb 621 .
- the cover hole 631a is formed so that the high-temperature gas introduced into the insulation cover 631 by the impeller assembly 632 comes into contact with the glass bulb 621 and then exits to the outside of the insulation cover 631. function as a passage.
- the cover hole 631a may function as a passage through which the cooling fluid injected through the fluid injection hole P according to the breakage of the glass bulb 621 may escape to the outside of the insulating cover 631 .
- the adhesive layer loses or decreases adhesive force when the temperature in the module housing rises, and accordingly, the insulating cover 631 is separated from the inner surface of the rear cover 340 or from the coupler 610 penetrating the rear cover 340 . can be separated.
- the insulating cover 631 surrounding the sprinkler head 620 is removed, the supply of the cooling fluid into the module housing 300 becomes smoother, and thus the efficiency of extinguishing and cooling is increased.
- the impeller assembly 632 includes an impeller frame 632a and an impeller 632b.
- the impeller frame 632a is fixed to one end of the insulating cover 631 in the longitudinal direction, and an air inlet hole H having a size and shape corresponding to the opening formed at one end of the insulating cover 631 in the longitudinal direction.
- the impeller 632b is disposed in the air inlet hole H of the impeller frame 632a, and rotates by the flow of air introduced toward the glass bulb 621 through the air inlet hole H. That is, the impeller 632b corresponds to a non-powered rotating means that rotates without a driving device such as a motor.
- the impeller 632b rotates, the flow of air introduced into the insulating cover 631 is accelerated, and accordingly, a larger amount of high-temperature gas is supplied to the glass bulb 621, thereby rapidly increasing the speed of the glass bulb 621. may lead to fracture. As such, the gas in contact with the glass bulb 621 is discharged to the outside of the insulating cover 631 through the cover hole 631a formed in the insulating cover 631 .
- the rotation axis (X) of the impeller (632b) may be formed at one end of the holding bracket (622) in the longitudinal direction (in a direction parallel to the X axis) as shown in FIG. It may be provided by itself.
- the battery module 1 may further include at least one guide plate (G).
- the guide plate (G) is fixed in the module housing (300), the longitudinal direction (parallel to the X-axis) one end is installed inclined to face the impeller assembly (632).
- the guide plate G may be separately manufactured and attached to the side cover 320 , or may be formed integrally with the side cover 320 .
- the battery module 1 at least partially connects the air inlet 400 and the air outlet 500 so that the level of the cooling fluid can rapidly rise when the cooling fluid is supplied therein. It may further include an inflation pad (E) to close.
- the expansion pad E is attached to the inner surface of the module housing 300 and has a size smaller than the open areas of the air inlet 400 and the air outlet 500 .
- the inflation pad (E) is an air inlet (400) and an air outlet (500) in order to facilitate the flow of air through the air inlet (400) and the air outlet (500) in the normal use state of the battery module (1). ) of less than approximately 30% of the open area.
- the expansion pad (E) is attached to the bottom surface in being attached to the inner surface of the module housing 300 is illustrated, but the expansion pad E is attached to the upper part of the module housing 300 Or it may be attached to the side.
- the expansion pad (E) is expanded by contact with the cooling fluid introduced into the battery module (1) to close the air inlet (400) and the air outlet (500).
- the expansion pad (E) contains a resin that exhibits a very large expansion rate when it absorbs moisture, and contains a resin whose volume increases by at least about 2 times or more compared to the initial volume when a sufficient amount of moisture is provided.
- the resin used for the expansion pad E may include, for example, a nonwoven fabric in which super absorbent fiber (SAF) and polyester staple fiber are mixed.
- SAF super absorbent fiber
- the SAF is made of SAP (super absorbent polymer) in the form of a fiber.
- the closing of the air inlet 400 and the air outlet 500 according to the expansion of the expansion pad E does not necessarily mean complete closure at a level at which the cooling fluid cannot leak, and to reduce the amount of leakage.
- the case of reducing the open area of the air inlet 400 and the air outlet 500 is also included.
- the expansion pad (E) Due to the application of the expansion pad (E), when a thermal runaway phenomenon occurs in at least some battery modules (1) and the cooling fluid flows into the battery module (1), the air inlet (400) and the air outlet (500) is closed As such, when the air inlet 400 and the air outlet 500 are closed, the cooling fluid introduced into the battery module 1 does not escape to the outside but accumulates inside the battery module 1, and thus the battery module ( It is possible to quickly solve the thermal runaway phenomenon that occurred in 1).
- a pair of the expansion pads E may be provided.
- the pair of expansion pads E are attached to the upper and lower portions of the inner surface of the module housing 300 , respectively.
- the pair of inflation pads E are attached at positions corresponding to each other and contact each other during inflation to close the air inlet 400 and the air outlet 500 .
- At least a portion of the expansion pad E may be inserted and fixed in a receiving groove 300a formed to a predetermined depth on the inner surface of the module housing 300 .
- the expansion pad (E), the movement for expansion can be guided by a pair of mesh plates (400a, 500a) respectively disposed on both sides of the expansion according to the absorption of moisture.
- the mesh plates 400a and 500a are mesh-type plates and have a structure through which air and a cooling fluid can pass when the expansion pad E is not expanded.
- an energy storage system (ESS) includes a plurality of battery modules according to an embodiment of the present invention as described above.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (15)
- 복수의 배터리 셀;상기 복수의 배터리 셀을 포함하는 셀 적층체를 수용하는 모듈 하우징; 및상기 셀 적층체의 적층 방향 일 측에서 상기 모듈 하우징을 관통하는 스프링클러; 를 포함하며, 상기 스프링클러는,상기 모듈 하우징의 외측에 위치하며, 냉각유체를 공급하는 공급관과 연결되는 커플러;상기 모듈 하우징의 내측에 위치하며 상기 커플러와 연결되는 스프링클러 헤드; 및상기 스프링클러 헤드를 커버하는 절연 커버 및 상기 절연 커버의 길이 방향 일 측 단부에 형성된 개구부를 커버하는 임펠러 어셈블리를 포함하는 절연 커버 어셈블리;를 포함하는 배터리 모듈.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 스프링클러 헤드는,상기 커플러의 냉각 유체 분사구를 차단하며, 상기 배터리 모듈 내부의 온도 및 기체의 유속이 기준치 이상이 되면 파단되어 상기 냉각 유체 분사구를 개방시키는 유리 벌브; 및상기 유리 벌브를 감싸며 상기 유리 벌브를 고정시키는 홀딩 브라켓;을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 모듈.
- 제2항에 있어서,상기 절연 커버는,상기 유리 벌브와 대응되는 위치에 형성되는 커버 홀을 구비하는 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 모듈.
- 제3항에 있어서,상기 임펠러 어셈블리는,상기 절연 커버에 고정되는 임펠러 프레임; 및상기 임펠러 프레임에 형성된 공기 유입 홀 내에 배치되며 상기 공기 유입 홀을 통해 상기 유리 벌브쪽으로 유입되는 공기의 흐름에 의해 회전하는 임펠러;를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 모듈.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 모듈 하우징은,상기 셀 적층체의 하면 및 상면을 각각 커버하는 한 쌍의 베이스 커버;상기 셀 적층체의 측면을 커버하는 한 쌍의 사이드 커버;상기 셀 적층체의 전면을 커버하는 프론트 커버; 및상기 셀 적층체의 후면을 커버하는 리어 커버;를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 모듈.
- 제5항에 있어서,상기 배터리 모듈은,상기 셀 적층체의 폭 방향 일 측 및 타 측에 각각 결합되는 한 쌍의 버스바 프레임을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 모듈.
- 제6항에 있어서,상기 스프링클러 헤드 및 상기 절연 커버 어셈블리는,상기 리어 커버의 길이 방향 일 측을 관통하여 상기 버스바 프레임과 상기 사이드 커버 사이에 형성되는 빈 공간 내에 위치하는 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 모듈.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 절연 커버의 타 측 단부는,상기 모듈 하우징의 내측 면 또는 상기 모듈 하우징을 관통한 커플러에 결합되는 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 모듈.
- 제8항에 있어서,상기 절연 커버의 타 측 단부와 상기 모듈 하우징의 내측 면 사이 또는 상기 절연 커버의 타 측 단부와 상기 모듈 하우징을 관통한 커플러 사이에는 접착 층이 개재되는 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 모듈.
- 제9항에 있어서,상기 절연 커버 어셈블리는,상기 모듈 하우징 내의 온도가 상승하여 상기 접착 층의 접착력이 상실되거나 저하됨에 따라 상기 모듈 하우징의 내측 면 또는 상기 모듈 하우징을 관통한 커플러로부터 분리되는 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 모듈.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 배터리 모듈은,상기 모듈 하우징의 내에 고정되되, 그 길이 방향 일 측 단부가 상기 임펠러 어셈블리를 향하도록 경사지게 설치되는 적어도 하나의 가이드 플레이트를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 모듈.
- 제5항에 있어서,상기 배터리 모듈은,상기 프론트 커버를 관통하여 형성되는 에어 인렛;상기 리어 커버를 관통하여 형성되는 에어 아웃렛; 및상기 에어 인렛 및 에어 아웃렛의 내측에 배치되며, 상기 배터리 모듈 내로 유입된 냉각유체와의 접촉에 따라 팽창하여 상기 에어 인렛 및 에어 아웃렛을 적어도 부분적으로 폐쇄하는 팽창 패드;를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 모듈.
- 제12항에 있어서,상기 팽창 패드는,상기 모듈 하우징의 내측면에 형성된 수용 홈 내에 적어도 일부가 삽입되는 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 모듈.
- 제12항에 있어서,상기 배터리 모듈은,상기 팽창 패드의 양 측에 각각 배치되어 상기 팽창 패드의 팽창을 위한 움직임을 가이드 하는 메쉬 플레이트를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 모듈.
- 제1항 내지 제14항 중 어느 한 항에 따른 배터리 모듈을 복수개 포함하는 ESS.
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2022511086A JP7318113B2 (ja) | 2020-03-05 | 2021-03-04 | 迅速に冷却可能な構造を有するバッテリーモジュール及びそれを含むエネルギー貯蔵システム |
EP21764688.4A EP4044324A4 (en) | 2020-03-05 | 2021-03-04 | BATTERY MODULE HAVING A STRUCTURE CAPABLE OF RAPID COOLING AND EATING WITH IT |
US17/788,176 US20230026257A1 (en) | 2020-03-05 | 2021-03-04 | Battery module having structure capable of rapid cooling, and ess comprising same |
CN202180005411.8A CN114402478A (zh) | 2020-03-05 | 2021-03-04 | 具有能够快速冷却的结构的电池模块以及包括该电池模块的ess |
AU2021231266A AU2021231266A1 (en) | 2020-03-05 | 2021-03-04 | Battery module having structure capable of rapid cooling, and ESS comprising same |
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KR1020200027904A KR102648847B1 (ko) | 2020-03-05 | 2020-03-05 | 신속한 냉각이 가능한 구조를 갖는 배터리 모듈 및 이를 포함하는 ess |
KR10-2020-0027904 | 2020-03-05 |
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WO2021177763A1 true WO2021177763A1 (ko) | 2021-09-10 |
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PCT/KR2021/002713 WO2021177763A1 (ko) | 2020-03-05 | 2021-03-04 | 신속한 냉각이 가능한 구조를 갖는 배터리 모듈 및 이를 포함하는 ess |
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US (1) | US20230026257A1 (ko) |
EP (1) | EP4044324A4 (ko) |
JP (1) | JP7318113B2 (ko) |
KR (1) | KR102648847B1 (ko) |
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2021
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- 2021-03-04 CN CN202180005411.8A patent/CN114402478A/zh active Pending
- 2021-03-04 AU AU2021231266A patent/AU2021231266A1/en active Pending
- 2021-03-04 EP EP21764688.4A patent/EP4044324A4/en active Pending
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US20230026257A1 (en) | 2023-01-26 |
AU2021231266A1 (en) | 2022-07-07 |
KR20210113483A (ko) | 2021-09-16 |
EP4044324A4 (en) | 2023-08-16 |
CN114402478A (zh) | 2022-04-26 |
JP2022546291A (ja) | 2022-11-04 |
KR102648847B1 (ko) | 2024-03-18 |
JP7318113B2 (ja) | 2023-07-31 |
EP4044324A1 (en) | 2022-08-17 |
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