WO2021175205A1 - 电子设备、电子设备的辅料及电子设备的后壳组件 - Google Patents

电子设备、电子设备的辅料及电子设备的后壳组件 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021175205A1
WO2021175205A1 PCT/CN2021/078645 CN2021078645W WO2021175205A1 WO 2021175205 A1 WO2021175205 A1 WO 2021175205A1 CN 2021078645 W CN2021078645 W CN 2021078645W WO 2021175205 A1 WO2021175205 A1 WO 2021175205A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
adhesive layer
layer
electronic device
auxiliary material
rear shell
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/078645
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张铁男
许超
张雨果
王传果
张�成
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP21764215.6A priority Critical patent/EP4084447A4/en
Priority to US17/800,937 priority patent/US20230078037A1/en
Publication of WO2021175205A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021175205A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
    • H04M1/02—Constructional features of telephone sets
    • H04M1/03—Constructional features of telephone transmitters or receivers, e.g. telephone hand-sets
    • H04M1/035—Improving the acoustic characteristics by means of constructional features of the housing, e.g. ribs, walls, resonating chambers or cavities
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
    • H04M1/02—Constructional features of telephone sets
    • H04M1/0202—Portable telephone sets, e.g. cordless phones, mobile phones or bar type handsets
    • H04M1/0206—Portable telephones comprising a plurality of mechanically joined movable body parts, e.g. hinged housings
    • H04M1/0208—Portable telephones comprising a plurality of mechanically joined movable body parts, e.g. hinged housings characterized by the relative motions of the body parts
    • H04M1/0214—Foldable telephones, i.e. with body parts pivoting to an open position around an axis parallel to the plane they define in closed position
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
    • H04M1/02—Constructional features of telephone sets
    • H04M1/0202—Portable telephone sets, e.g. cordless phones, mobile phones or bar type handsets
    • H04M1/026—Details of the structure or mounting of specific components
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
    • H04M1/02—Constructional features of telephone sets
    • H04M1/0202—Portable telephone sets, e.g. cordless phones, mobile phones or bar type handsets
    • H04M1/026—Details of the structure or mounting of specific components
    • H04M1/0262—Details of the structure or mounting of specific components for a battery compartment

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of terminal device manufacturing, and in particular to an electronic device, an auxiliary material of an electronic device, and a rear housing assembly of an electronic device.
  • the speaker module of the mobile phone determines the external sound effect of the mobile phone.
  • the back cavity of the speaker module is connected with the inner cavity of the mobile phone, so that the inner cavity of the mobile phone also serves as the back cavity of the speaker module.
  • the vibrating diaphragm will drive the air in the inner cavity of the mobile phone to vibrate, causing the airflow to impact the rear case of the mobile phone, causing the rear case to vibrate.
  • the user can obviously feel the shell vibration when touching the rear case, especially when the speaker module is working in a low frequency band, the user can even feel the hand numbness, which affects the user experience.
  • the present application provides an electronic device, an auxiliary material of the electronic device, and a rear shell assembly of the electronic device, which can suppress the shell vibration caused by the operation of the speaker module and optimize the user experience.
  • the present application provides an electronic device, the electronic device includes a rear shell, a middle frame, functional components, a speaker module, and auxiliary materials, the rear shell is closed on the middle frame and enclosed with the middle frame for installation Cavity, the functional component, the speaker module and the auxiliary material are all arranged in the installation cavity, the functional part is adjacent to the speaker module, the rear sound cavity of the speaker module is connected to the installation cavity, and the auxiliary material is pasted on Between the back shell and the functional component, the auxiliary material has a relatively weak adhesive surface and a strong adhesive surface, the adhesive force of the weak adhesive surface is less than the adhesive force of the strong adhesive surface, and the weak adhesive surface is bonded to the functional component, The strong adhesive surface is bonded to the rear shell.
  • the electronic device can be a non-folding electronic device or a foldable electronic device.
  • a non-folding electronic device it includes a middle frame and a back shell;
  • foldable electronic devices it can include two middle frames and two back shells, one middle frame and one back shell enclosed One installation cavity, the other middle frame and the other rear shell enclose another installation cavity, wherein the auxiliary materials and the functional parts are in the same installation cavity, and the loudspeaker can be in any installation cavity.
  • Functional components refer to components other than the speaker module installed in the installation cavity.
  • Functional components can have certain mechanical functions (including but not limited to support, limit, storage, connection, coordination), electrical functions (including but not limited to electrical connection, charging and discharging, signal radiation, electromagnetic shielding, signal processing, filtering, image acquisition , Fingerprint information collection, audio collection), and/or other functions (such as heat dissipation and other thermodynamic functions).
  • the speaker module may include a speaker housing and a speaker unit.
  • the speaker shell has an inner cavity.
  • the speaker shell is provided with a front sound cavity sound outlet and a communicating hole.
  • the front sound cavity sound outlet is separated from the communicating hole.
  • the front sound cavity sound outlet is opposite to the complete sound outlet on the middle frame.
  • the communication hole is connected with the installation cavity.
  • the speaker unit is installed in the inner cavity, and the inner cavity is divided into a front sound cavity and a rear sound cavity that are isolated from each other.
  • the front sound cavity is connected with the sound outlet of the front sound cavity, and the rear sound cavity is connected with the communicating hole.
  • the speaker unit is used to realize electro-acoustic conversion to emit sound.
  • the sound wave generated by the speaker unit is transmitted to the outside of the electronic device through the front sound cavity, the sound hole of the front sound cavity and the sound hole of the whole machine, so as to be received by the human ear to form a sense of hearing.
  • the rear sound cavity of the speaker module is communicated with the installation cavity of the electronic device through the communicating hole, which is an open rear sound cavity design. This open rear sound cavity design expands the installation cavity into the rear sound cavity of the speaker module, which can achieve high volume and stereo sound effects and enhance the sound quality of the speaker module.
  • the auxiliary material can be in the shape of a sheet, and its surface can be closed completely without openings, or through holes can be opened according to needs.
  • the shape of the auxiliary material can be adapted to the shape of the functional component to ensure a reasonable bonding strength to the functional component. Adhesion is used to characterize the strength of the viscosity, and the viscosity of the weakly viscous surface of the auxiliary material is weaker than that of the strong viscous surface. Based on this design, when the rear shell is disassembled for maintenance, the auxiliary materials will be easily separated from the functional parts and removed together with the rear shell, so that the functional parts will not be pulled or damaged, and there will be no residual glue . This not only reduces the difficulty of disassembly, but also facilitates the repeated use of functional components.
  • the rear shell and the functional parts inside the rear shell are bonded together by auxiliary materials, the equivalent mass and rigidity of the rear shell are increased, and the resonant frequency of the rear shell is changed. Therefore, when the airflow caused by the operation of the speaker module hits the rear shell , The back shell is not easy to vibrate.
  • the auxiliary material includes an adhesive layer, a foam layer and a double-sided adhesive layer laminated in sequence, the adhesive layer is bonded to the functional component, and the weakly adhesive surface is the adhesive layer for bonding the functional component
  • the double-sided adhesive layer is bonded to the rear shell, and the strong adhesive surface is the surface of the double-sided adhesive layer bonded to the rear shell.
  • the adhesive layer, the foam layer and the double-sided adhesive layer are laminated to form a sheet structure, and the foam layer is sandwiched between the adhesive layer and the double-sided adhesive layer.
  • the adhesive layer, foam layer and double-sided adhesive layer have the same shape, and the three completely overlap.
  • the material in the adhesive layer can be evenly distributed, so the adhesive force of any section in the adhesive layer (the normal direction of the section is the thickness direction) is equal to the adhesive force of the entire adhesive layer
  • the adhesive force of the weakly adhesive side of the adhesive layer and the side where the adhesive layer is attached to the foam layer may be the same.
  • the foam layer and the double-sided adhesive layer may be removed together afterwards, and the adhesive layer is still bonded to the functional components.
  • the adhesion force is small, the adhesive layer can be torn off from the functional component without pulling or damaging the functional component, and there will be no residual glue on the functional component.
  • the materials in the adhesive layer may be non-uniformly distributed, and the adhesive force of the weakly adhesive surface may be less than the adhesive force of the adhesive layer on the foam layer.
  • the foam layer is made of foam, and the foam layer is easily compressed to produce elastic deformation and compression rebound force.
  • the double-sided adhesive layer is made of double-sided adhesive, and the two opposite sides of the double-sided adhesive layer in the thickness direction have strong adhesion.
  • the auxiliary materials Since the foam is easy to deform elastically, the auxiliary materials also have elastic deformation properties.
  • the auxiliary material can be adaptively deformed to fill the gap between the functional part and the rear shell, ensuring that the functional part and the rear shell can be assembled reliably, that is, the auxiliary material can play a suitable function The role of the clearance tolerance between the parts and the rear shell.
  • the double-sided adhesive layer can firmly bond the back shell, and the material cost is low, and the mass production is good. By designing an adhesive layer with small adhesion to the functional components, it can be ensured that the auxiliary materials are easily separated from the functional components, and the manufacturability and mass production are better.
  • the adhesive layer includes a weak adhesive layer, a substrate layer, and a strong adhesive layer laminated in sequence; the weak adhesive layer is bonded to the functional component, and the weak adhesive surface is used for the weak adhesive layer to bond the function.
  • the strong adhesive layer is attached to the foam layer, and the adhesive force of the weakly adhesive surface is smaller than the adhesive force of the strong adhesive layer.
  • the materials in the weak adhesive layer and the strong adhesive layer are evenly distributed, and the adhesive force of any section in the weak adhesive layer (the normal line of the section extends in the thickness direction) is equal to the entire
  • the adhesive force of the material layer is the same as that of the strong adhesive layer.
  • the viscosity of the weak adhesive layer is not only less than that of the double-sided adhesive layer, but also less than that of the strong adhesive layer.
  • the relationship between the adhesive force of the strong adhesive layer and the double-sided adhesive layer can be unlimited, for example, the adhesive force of the strong adhesive layer and the double-sided adhesive layer can be basically the same, or the adhesive force of the strong adhesive layer is less than that of the double-sided adhesive layer Or the adhesive force of the strong adhesive layer is greater than the adhesive force of the double-sided adhesive layer.
  • the adhesive layer of this structure can not only bond the functional components, but also meet the detachable maintenance requirements of the product, and can ensure the manufacturability and mass production of the adhesive layer.
  • the adhesive force of the weakly adhesive layer is less than or equal to 0.0392 N/cm, and/or the adhesive force of the strong adhesive layer is greater than or equal to 5 N/cm.
  • the weakly viscous layer of this design can bond functional components and also meet the detachable and maintainability requirements of the product.
  • the strongly viscous layer of this design can reliably bond the back shell, thereby connecting the back shell and the functional parts as a whole, and achieving the purpose of suppressing shell vibration.
  • the weak adhesive layer is made of silica gel
  • the substrate layer is made of polyethylene terephthalate or polyether ether ketone
  • the strong adhesive layer is made of acrylic double-sided tape, acrylic Made of glue or foam glue.
  • the material selection of the weak adhesive layer, the base material layer and the strong adhesive layer are independent and independent of each other. Any one of the three can be selected from suitable materials as required.
  • the impact absorption rate of the adhesive layer is greater than or equal to 35%.
  • the viscous layer can also have a certain damping performance as a whole, can absorb impact energy, and thus have a certain function of suppressing shell vibration.
  • the impact absorption rate can be used to characterize the damping performance.
  • the impact absorption rate represents the ratio of the energy absorbed by the material to the total energy.
  • the viscous layer with this level of impact absorption rate has better damping performance and can further reduce the vibration of the rear shell.
  • the density of the foam layer is less than or equal to 100 Kg/m 3 .
  • the smaller the density of the foam layer the easier it is to compress and deform, and the smaller the compression rebound force it can provide.
  • the density of the foam layer is less than or equal to 100 Kg/m 3 .
  • the smaller the density of the foam layer the easier it is to compress and deform, and the smaller the compression rebound force it can provide.
  • By setting the density of the foam layer within this range it is possible to prevent the compression rebound force of the foam layer from being too large to push up the rear shell, resulting in an excessively large gap between the rear shell and the middle frame.
  • the auxiliary material is provided with a plurality of spaced through holes, and each through hole penetrates the adhesive layer, the foam layer and the double-sided adhesive layer.
  • the size, number, shape and arrangement of the through holes are not limited. Opening through holes can reduce the bonding area of the auxiliary material and the rear shell and functional components, thereby reducing the adhesion of the auxiliary material and the compression rebound force (ie pre-tightening force) exerted by the auxiliary material on the rear shell, so that the rear shell can be more easily Disassemble and prevent the gap between the rear shell and the middle frame from being too large.
  • the functional component includes a battery.
  • this solution integrates the battery with the rear case through auxiliary materials, which can not only suppress case vibration, but also adapt to meet the assembly gap of the battery.
  • the auxiliary materials can be compressed to provide the structural space required for battery expansion, avoiding the rear case being lifted after the battery expansion, resulting in an excessively large gap between the rear case and the middle frame and causing the whole machine Defects in appearance.
  • the contour boundary of the auxiliary material does not exceed the contour boundary of the battery.
  • the boundary of the auxiliary material can be completely retracted within the boundary of the battery.
  • the auxiliary material can be approximately concentric with the battery, and the distance between each side of the auxiliary material and each corresponding side of the battery can be approximately equal.
  • the boundary of the auxiliary material and the boundary of the battery may substantially coincide. This design can ensure that the auxiliary material has a suitable bonding area, ensure that the adhesion to the battery is in a reasonable range, and can also meet the needs of the internal structure design of the electronic device.
  • the present application provides an accessory material for an electronic device.
  • the electronic device includes a back shell, a middle frame, and functional components.
  • the back shell covers the middle frame and encloses an installation cavity with the middle frame.
  • the component is installed in the mounting cavity.
  • the auxiliary material includes an adhesive layer, a foam layer and a double-sided adhesive layer stacked in sequence. The auxiliary material is used to stick between the back shell and the functional part, and the adhesive layer is used for The functional component is bonded, the double-sided adhesive layer is used for bonding with the back shell, and the adhesive force of the adhesive layer to the surface of the functional component is less than the adhesive force of the double-sided adhesive layer.
  • the auxiliary materials Since the foam is easy to deform elastically, the auxiliary materials also have elastic deformation properties.
  • the auxiliary material can be adaptively deformed to fill the gap between the functional part and the rear shell, ensuring that the functional part and the rear shell can be assembled reliably, that is, the auxiliary material can play a suitable function The role of the clearance tolerance between the parts and the rear shell.
  • the double-sided adhesive layer can firmly bond the back shell, and the material cost is low, and the mass production is good. By designing an adhesive layer with small adhesion to the functional components, it can be ensured that the auxiliary materials are easily separated from the functional components, and the manufacturability and mass production are better.
  • the adhesive layer includes a weak adhesive layer, a substrate layer, and a strong adhesive layer laminated in sequence, the weak adhesive layer is used for bonding with the functional component, and the strong adhesive layer is bonded to the foam layer ,
  • the adhesion of the weakly viscous layer is less than the adhesion of the strong viscous layer.
  • the adhesive layer of this structure can not only bond the functional components, but also meet the detachable maintenance requirements of the product, and can ensure the manufacturability and mass production of the adhesive layer.
  • the adhesive force of the weakly adhesive layer is less than or equal to 0.0392 N/cm, and/or the adhesive force of the strong adhesive layer is greater than or equal to 5 N/cm.
  • the weakly viscous layer of this design can bond functional components and also meet the detachable and maintainability requirements of the product.
  • the strongly viscous layer of this design can reliably bond the back shell, thereby connecting the back shell and the functional parts as a whole, and achieving the purpose of suppressing shell vibration.
  • the weak adhesive layer is made of silica gel
  • the substrate layer is made of polyethylene terephthalate or polyether ether ketone
  • the strong adhesive layer is made of acrylic double-sided adhesive or acrylic adhesive. Or made of foam glue.
  • the material selection of the weak adhesive layer, the base material layer and the strong adhesive layer are independent and independent of each other. Any one of the three can be selected from suitable materials as required.
  • the impact absorption rate of the adhesive layer is greater than or equal to 35%.
  • the viscous layer can also have a certain damping performance as a whole, can absorb impact energy, and thus have a certain function of suppressing shell vibration.
  • the impact absorption rate can be used to characterize the damping performance.
  • the impact absorption rate represents the ratio of the energy absorbed by the material to the total energy.
  • the viscous layer with this level of impact absorption rate has better damping performance and can further reduce the vibration of the rear shell.
  • the density of the foam layer is less than or equal to 100 Kg/m 3 .
  • the smaller the density of the foam layer the easier it is to compress and deform, and the smaller the compression rebound force it can provide.
  • the density of the foam layer is less than or equal to 100 Kg/m 3 .
  • the smaller the density of the foam layer the easier it is to compress and deform, and the smaller the compression rebound force it can provide.
  • By setting the density of the foam layer within this range it is possible to prevent the compression rebound force of the foam layer from being too large to push up the rear shell, resulting in an excessively large gap between the rear shell and the middle frame.
  • the auxiliary material is provided with a plurality of spaced through holes, and each through hole penetrates the adhesive layer, the foam layer and the double-sided adhesive layer.
  • the size, number, shape and arrangement of the through holes are not limited. Opening through holes can reduce the bonding area of the auxiliary material and the rear shell and functional components, thereby reducing the adhesion of the auxiliary material and the compression rebound force (ie pre-tightening force) exerted by the auxiliary material on the rear shell, so that the rear shell can be more easily Disassemble and prevent the gap between the rear shell and the middle frame from being too large.
  • the present application provides a rear shell assembly of an electronic device, the electronic device includes a middle frame and functional components, the rear shell assembly includes a rear shell and the auxiliary material, the rear shell is used to cover the middle frame The installation cavity is enclosed with the middle frame, and the functional component is installed in the installation cavity. Due to the auxiliary materials arranged on the inner surface of the rear shell, when the rear shell assembly is assembled with the speaker module with an open rear sound cavity, the vibration of the rear shell can be better suppressed.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the electronic device of the first embodiment
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of the electronic device in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the A-A cross-sectional structure of the electronic device in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a partial enlarged structure at B in FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic side view of the structure of the electronic device of the second embodiment
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of the electronic device in FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing an exploded structure of the assembly relationship of the battery, auxiliary materials and the rear case in the first embodiment
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of the adhesive layer of the auxiliary material in Fig. 7;
  • Figure 9 is the amplitude data of the rear shell in the conventional scheme
  • Figure 10 is the amplitude data of the rear shell in the solution of the first embodiment
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of an auxiliary material in the third embodiment.
  • Figure 12 is a schematic top view of another auxiliary material of the third embodiment.
  • an electronic device which includes but is not limited to a mobile phone, a tablet computer, an e-reader, and the like.
  • the electronic device is a mobile phone as an example for description.
  • the electronic device 10 may include a display screen 11, a middle frame 12, a speaker module 19, a battery 20, and a circuit board assembly , Graphite sheet 15, charging coil 16, accessories 17 and rear shell 18.
  • the middle frame 12 is used as a main structural bearing member of the electronic device 10 and is used to carry other components except the middle frame 12 described above. Mounting grooves can be formed on opposite sides of the middle frame 12.
  • the display screen 11 is installed in the mounting groove on one side of the middle frame 12.
  • the speaker module 19, the battery 20, the circuit board assembly, the graphite sheet 15 and the charging coil 16 are installed in the middle frame.
  • the frame 12 is installed in the groove on the other side.
  • the rear shell 18 covers the middle frame 12 and is located on the side of the middle frame 12 away from the display screen 11.
  • the middle frame 12 and the rear shell 18 can enclose a mounting cavity 10a, and the speaker module 19, the battery 20, the circuit board assembly, the graphite sheet 15, the charging coil 16, and the accessories 17 are all located in the mounting cavity 10a.
  • the side wall of the middle frame 12 may form a sound hole 12a of the whole machine, and the sound hole 12a of the whole machine penetrates the side wall.
  • the sound hole 12a of the whole machine can also be opened on the rear shell 18.
  • the specific structure of the middle frame 12 and the rear shell 18 can be designed according to product requirements, which is not limited in the first embodiment.
  • the display screen 11 can be a flat 2D screen, or a curved screen such as a 2.5D screen (the display screen 11 has a flat middle part and curved parts connected to opposite sides of the middle part) or a 3D screen (in 2.5D On the basis of the screen, the middle part is also made into a curved surface).
  • the display screen 11 may include a cover plate and a display panel, and the cover plate and the display panel are laminated.
  • the cover is used to protect the display panel, and the display panel is used to display images.
  • the display panel includes, but is not limited to, a liquid crystal display panel or an organic light emitting diode display panel.
  • a touch unit can be integrated in the cover, that is, the cover has a touch function; or, the display panel can have a built-in touch unit, that is, the display panel has both display and touch functions.
  • the electronic device 10 in the first embodiment is a non-folding mobile phone, which may include a middle frame 12 and a rear case 18, and the display screen 11 thereof is an unbendable rigid screen.
  • the difference from the first embodiment is that in the second embodiment, the electronic device 30 is a foldable mobile phone, which can include two middle frames and two rear shells, and its display screen 34 is Bend flexible screen.
  • the first middle frame 312 on the left and the first rear shell 311 are assembled to form the first shell 31, and the second middle frame 332 on the right and the second rear shell 331 are assembled to form the second shell 33.
  • the assembling method of the first middle frame 312 and the first rear shell 311, and the assembling method of the second middle frame 332 and the second rear shell 331 are the same as in the first embodiment.
  • the first housing 31 and the second housing 32 are rotatably connected by a hinge 32.
  • the hinge 32 may be a mechanism composed of several parts, capable of generating mechanism movement. Through the mechanism movement of the hinge 32, the first housing 31 and the second housing 32 can be moved closer or separated, so as to realize the folding or unfolding of the foldable mobile phone.
  • the display screen 34 is installed on the same side of the first middle frame 312 and the second middle frame 332. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, when the foldable mobile phone is in the folded state, the display screen 34 can be housed between the first housing 31 and the second housing 32, that is, the foldable mobile phone is an in-folding screen mobile phone. In other embodiments, when the foldable mobile phone is in the folded state, the display screen is located on the outer side, and the first housing and the second housing are located on the inner side, that is, the foldable mobile phone can be an outer-folding screen mobile phone.
  • the speaker module, battery, circuit board assembly, graphite sheet, charging coil and auxiliary materials can be installed in the first housing or the second housing as required.
  • the speaker module, battery, circuit board assembly, graphite sheet, charging coil and accessories are all installed in the first shell or the second shell; or, the speaker module, battery, graphite sheet, charging coil and accessories are installed in the first shell.
  • the circuit board assembly is installed in the second shell; or, the speaker module is installed in the first shell, the battery, graphite sheet, charging coil and auxiliary materials are installed in the second shell, and the circuit board assembly is installed in the first shell In the body or in the second shell; or, the speaker module, battery, circuit board assembly, graphite sheet, charging coil and auxiliary materials are installed in both the first shell and the second shell. It should be understood that the above lists are examples, and the actual installation positions of the above components are not limited thereto.
  • the circuit board assembly, the battery 20 and the speaker module 19 can be arranged side by side.
  • the circuit board assembly may include a circuit board 13 and a circuit board support 14.
  • the circuit board 13 is electrically connected to the battery 20, the speaker module 19 and the charging coil 16.
  • the circuit board support 14 can be installed on the surface of the circuit board 13 facing the rear housing 18, and the circuit board support 14 can be used to support, limit and protect the circuit board 13.
  • the relative positions of the circuit board assembly, the battery 20 and the speaker module 19 can be designed according to product requirements, and are not limited to those shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. According to product stacking design and structural design requirements, the circuit board bracket 14 may not be provided.
  • the battery 20, the graphite sheet 15 and the charging coil 16 are stacked in sequence, wherein the battery 20 can be far away from the rear case 18, the charging coil 16 can be close to the rear case 18, and the graphite sheet 15 can be located between the battery 20 and the charging coil. 16 (the graphite sheet 15 and the charging coil 16 are not shown in Fig. 3).
  • the battery 20 may be a user-pluggable and replaceable battery, or a user-unpluggable and replaceable battery (such as a soft pack battery).
  • the battery 20 is mounted on the middle frame 12, for example, is fixed to the middle frame 12 by clamping or bonding.
  • the graphite sheet 15 may have a gap with the battery 20.
  • the graphite sheet 15 is used to dissipate heat from the heating elements in the mounting cavity 10a, such as chips on the circuit board 13, the speaker module 19, the battery 20, and the like.
  • the charging coil 16 is electrically connected to the circuit board 13 for realizing wireless charging of the battery 20.
  • the embodiment does not limit the specific structures and types of the battery 20, the graphite sheet 15 and the charging coil 16.
  • the graphite sheet 15 and/or the charging coil 16 may be eliminated, that is, the graphite sheet 15 does not need to be used for heat dissipation, and the battery 20 may be charged using a wired charging interface.
  • the battery 20, the graphite sheet 15 and the charging coil 16 are all functional components.
  • Functional components refer to components other than the speaker module 19 installed in the installation cavity 10a.
  • Functional components can have certain mechanical functions (including but not limited to support, limit, storage, connection, coordination), electrical functions (including but not limited to electrical connection, charging and discharging, signal radiation, electromagnetic shielding, signal processing, filtering, image acquisition , Fingerprint information collection, audio collection), and/or other functions (such as heat dissipation and other thermodynamic functions).
  • the functional components may also include, for example, a camera module, a fingerprint module, a vibration motor, an antenna radiator, a shielding cover/shielding frame, an auxiliary circuit board, and the like. The following will continue to describe the two functional components of the battery 20 and the charging coil 16, but in fact the following description is applicable to any functional components.
  • the speaker module 19 may be adjacent to the battery 20.
  • the speaker module 19 may include a speaker housing 191 and a speaker unit 192.
  • the speaker housing 191 has an inner cavity 191b.
  • the speaker housing 191 is provided with a front sound cavity outlet hole 191a and a communicating hole 191c.
  • the front sound cavity outlet hole 191a is separated from the communicating hole 191c, and the front sound cavity outlet hole 191a is connected to the middle frame.
  • the sound hole 12a of the whole machine on 12 is aligned, and the communication hole 191c is in communication with the installation cavity 10a.
  • the speaker unit 192 is installed in the inner cavity 191b, and divides the inner cavity 191b into a front sound cavity F and a rear sound cavity B, which are isolated from each other.
  • the hole 191c communicates.
  • the speaker unit 192 includes a diaphragm, and the speaker unit 192 is used to implement electro-acoustic conversion to emit sound.
  • the sound waves generated by the speaker unit 192 propagate to the outside of the electronic device 10 through the front sound cavity F, the front sound cavity sound outlet 191a, and the complete sound outlet 12a, so as to be received by the human ear to form a sense of hearing.
  • the rear sound cavity B of the speaker module 19 communicates with the mounting cavity 10a of the electronic device 10 through the communicating hole 191c.
  • This open rear sound cavity design expands the mounting cavity 10a into the rear sound cavity of the speaker module 19, which can achieve high volume , Stereo sound and other sound effects to enhance the sound quality performance of the speaker module 19.
  • the specific structure of the speaker module 19 can be designed according to product requirements, which is not limited in the first embodiment.
  • the auxiliary material 17 may be in the form of a sheet, the surface of which is completely closed without openings.
  • the auxiliary material 17 is filled between the charging coil 16 and the rear shell 18 and is located in the area where the battery 20 is located.
  • One side of the auxiliary material 17 is bonded to the inner surface of the rear shell 18, and the opposite side is bonded to the charging coil 16.
  • the shape of the auxiliary material 17 can be designed according to the following principle: make the area where the auxiliary material 17 overlaps with the battery 20 as large as possible to ensure the adhesion strength to the area where the battery 20 is located.
  • the shape of the auxiliary material 17 may be substantially the same as that of the battery 20, and the auxiliary material 17 is approximately in the shape of a rectangular sheet.
  • the boundary contour of the auxiliary material 17 may not exceed the boundary contour of the battery 20.
  • the boundary of the auxiliary material 17 is completely retracted within the boundary of the battery 20.
  • the auxiliary material 17 can be approximately concentric with the battery 20, and each side of the auxiliary material 17 and the battery 20 The distances between the corresponding sides of, may be approximately equal; or the boundary of the auxiliary material 17 and the boundary of the battery 20 basically coincide.
  • the shape of the auxiliary material 17 may be designed according to product requirements, so that the shape of the auxiliary material 17 matches with the functional components adhered to the auxiliary material 17, which is not limited to the above.
  • the auxiliary material 17 may include an adhesive layer 171, a foam layer 172 and a double-sided adhesive layer 173, which are laminated and attached to form a sheet structure.
  • the foam layer 172 is sandwiched between the adhesive layer 171 and the double-sided adhesive layer. Between layer 173.
  • the shapes of the adhesive layer 171, the foam layer 172, and the double-sided adhesive layer 173 are the same, and the three completely overlap.
  • the adhesive layer 171 is close to the battery 20, and the adhesive layer 171 is bonded to the charging coil 16.
  • the double-sided adhesive layer 173 is close to the rear shell 18, and the double-sided adhesive layer 173 is bonded to the rear shell 18.
  • the adhesive layer 171 may include a weak adhesive layer 1711, a base material layer 1712, and a strong adhesive layer 1713 that are laminated and attached. Both the weak adhesive layer 1711 and the strong adhesive layer 1713 have adhesiveness. As shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, the weak adhesive layer 1711 is bonded to the charging coil 16, the strong adhesive layer 1713 is bonded to the foam layer 172, and the substrate layer 1712 is sandwiched between the weak adhesive layer 1711 and the strong adhesive layer 1713.
  • the weakly viscous layer 1711 may be made of silica gel, for example.
  • the substrate layer 1712 may be made of, for example, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or poly-ether-ether-ketone (PEEK).
  • the strong adhesive layer 1713 can be made of, for example, acrylic double-sided adhesive, acrylic adhesive or foam adhesive.
  • the viscosity of the weakly adhesive layer 1711 may be less than that of the strong adhesive layer 1713.
  • Adhesion can be characterized by adhesion.
  • the definition and measurement method of adhesion can be: in the test environment, stick a sample of viscous material on the target surface, lift the sample and fold it 180 degrees, then pull the sample to peel off the target surface, and measure during this process The pulling force of the specimen. When the peeling distance reaches the set value, the measured maximum tensile force is the adhesion force of the sample.
  • the unit of adhesive force can be N/cm, which means that the corresponding adhesive force is 1N when the peeling distance is 1cm.
  • the adhesive force of the weak adhesive layer 1711 may be less than or equal to 0.0392 N/cm, and/or the adhesive force of the strong adhesive layer 1713 may be greater than or equal to 5 N/cm.
  • the specific value of the adhesive force of the weak adhesive layer 1711 and the strong adhesive layer 1713 can be designed according to needs, and is not limited to the above list.
  • the adhesive force of the weak adhesive layer 1711 is also less than the adhesive force of the double-sided adhesive layer 173, that is, of the weak adhesive layer 1711, the strong adhesive layer 1713, and the double-sided adhesive layer 173, the weak adhesive layer 1711 has the smallest adhesive force. .
  • the relationship between the adhesive force of the strong adhesive layer 1713 and the double-sided adhesive layer 173 may not be limited.
  • the adhesive force of the strong adhesive layer 1713 and the double-sided adhesive layer 173 may be basically the same, or the adhesive force of the strong adhesive layer 1713 may be less than that of the double-sided adhesive layer.
  • the adhesive force of the adhesive layer 173 or the adhesive force of the strong adhesive layer 1713 is greater than the adhesive force of the double-sided adhesive layer 173.
  • the materials in the three material layers of the weak adhesive layer 1711, the strong adhesive layer 1713, and the double-sided adhesive layer 173 are uniformly distributed, and the adhesive force of any section whose normal line extends along the thickness direction is uniform. Equal to the adhesion of the entire material layer.
  • the adhesion of the surface of the weak adhesive layer 1711 away from the substrate layer 1712 is equal to the adhesion of the weak adhesive layer 1711
  • the adhesion of the strong adhesive layer 1713 away from the surface of the substrate layer 1712 Equal to the adhesive force of the strong adhesive layer 1713
  • the adhesive force of the surface of the double-sided adhesive layer 173 away from the foam layer 172 is equal to the adhesive force of the double-sided adhesive layer 173.
  • the surface of the weak adhesive layer 1711 away from the substrate layer 1712 may be referred to as a weak adhesive surface
  • the surface of the double-sided adhesive layer 173 away from the foam layer 172 may be referred to as a strong adhesive surface.
  • the viscous layer 171 may also have a certain damping performance as a whole, can absorb impact energy, and thus have a certain function of suppressing shell vibration.
  • the impact absorption rate can be used to characterize the damping performance.
  • the impact absorption rate represents the ratio of the energy absorbed by the material to the total energy.
  • the impact absorption rate of the adhesive layer 171 may be greater than or equal to 35%, for example.
  • the damping effect is not significant. In fact, the damping effect of the viscous layer 171 is not necessary.
  • the adhesive layer 171 is not limited to the above-mentioned laminated structure.
  • a single-layer adhesive layer 171 can be manufactured by a corresponding process, and the adhesiveness of the opposite sides of the single layer is different.
  • the foam layer 172 is made of foam.
  • the foam used in the foam layer 172 includes, but is not limited to, polypropylene (PP) foam, polyethylene (PE) foam, polyurethane (PU) foam, and the like.
  • PP polypropylene
  • PE polyethylene
  • PU polyurethane
  • the foam used in the foam layer 172 can be open-cell foam (the cells of the foam material are connected to each other) or closed-cell foam (the cells of the foam material are not connected to each other) .
  • the above are only examples. In fact, other types of foam can be used according to product requirements, and the first embodiment does not limit this.
  • the foam layer 172 is easily compressed to produce elastic deformation and compression rebound force.
  • the foam layer 172 will be compressed to generate a compression rebound force, which can make the auxiliary material 17 exert a pre-tightening force on the rear shell 18 to achieve The effect of suppressing the vibration of the rear case 18.
  • the deformable characteristics of the foam layer 172 can be adapted to the gap tolerance between the battery 20 and the rear case 18 to ensure the reliable assembly of the battery 20 and the rear case 18.
  • the foam layer 172 can provide the structural space required for the expansion of the battery 20 by virtue of its compressibility (the description will be continued below).
  • the density of the foam layer 172 can be made smaller, for example, less than or equal to 100Kg/m 3 (typical values can be 50Kg/m 3 , 100Kg/m 3 ), which can avoid the compression rebound of the foam layer 172 Excessive force pushes up the rear shell 18, causing the gap between the rear shell 18 and the middle frame 12 to be too large.
  • the double-sided adhesive layer 173 is made of double-sided adhesive. According to product requirements, any suitable double-sided adhesive can be used to manufacture the double-sided adhesive layer 173. The two opposite sides of the double-sided adhesive layer 173 in the thickness direction have strong adhesion.
  • the double-sided adhesive layer 173 of the auxiliary material 17 can be pre-pasted to the rear case 18 to form a rear case assembly, and then the rear case assembly is covered to the middle frame 12 (the battery 20, The charging coil 16, the graphite sheet 15, the circuit board assembly, the speaker module 19, etc. are mounted on the middle frame 12), so that the weakly viscous layer 1711 of the auxiliary material 17 is attached to the charging coil 16.
  • the foam layer 172 in the auxiliary material 17 may undergo compression deformation.
  • the equivalent mass and rigidity of the rear shell 18 are increased, and the resonant frequency of the rear shell 18 is changed, so the speaker module 19 works
  • the rear shell 18 is not easy to vibrate.
  • the foam layer 172 in the auxiliary material 17 can generate a compression rebound force during compression deformation, so that the auxiliary material 17 exerts a pre-tightening force on the rear shell 18.
  • the rear shell 18 is supported, so that it is not easy to vibrate under the impact of the airflow. Therefore, under the combined action of the integral bonding and the pre-tightening force, the vibration of the rear shell 18 can be better suppressed.
  • the auxiliary material 17 may not have the foam layer 172 but only a viscous material, as long as the viscous material is used to charge the rear shell 18 and the inside of the rear shell 18 By bonding the coil 16 as a single body, the vibration of the rear case 18 can be suppressed.
  • viscous materials do not have the ability to compress and deform and cannot meet the assembly requirements.
  • the inclusion of the foam layer 172 will enable the auxiliary material 17 to be compressed and deformed to meet the assembly requirements. This will be described in detail below.
  • the auxiliary material 17 Since the foam is easy to deform elastically, the auxiliary material 17 also has elastic deformability. When the manufacturing error causes the gap tolerance between the battery 20 and the rear case 18 to exceed the design range, the auxiliary material 17 can adaptively deform to fill the gap between the battery 20 and the rear case 18 to ensure that the battery 20 and the rear case 18 can be assembled reliably, that is, the auxiliary material 17 can It plays a role in adapting the gap tolerance between the battery 20 and the rear case 18.
  • the auxiliary material 17 can be compressed to provide the structural space required for the expansion of the battery 20, so as to prevent the rear shell 18 from being lifted up after the battery 20 expands, resulting in the rear shell 18 and the middle frame 12
  • the gap is too large, causing defects in the appearance of the whole machine. Since neither the adhesive layer 171 nor the double-sided adhesive layer 173 has the ability to compress and deform, it is necessary to provide a foam layer 172 in the auxiliary material 17 from the perspective of ensuring the structural gap and meeting the assembly requirements.
  • FIGs 9 and 10 respectively show the amplitude data of the rear shell 18 measured by the conventional scheme and the scheme of the first embodiment under the same test sound source conditions. Comparing Fig. 9 with Fig. 10, it can be seen that the amplitude of the rear shell 18 in the conventional scheme is obviously larger, and the amplitude can reach about 6 um, indicating that the vibration of the rear shell 18 is relatively strong. In contrast, the amplitude of the rear shell 18 in the first embodiment is only about 1.5 um, indicating that the amplitude of the rear shell 18 is significantly suppressed.
  • the selection of foam in the conventional scheme is more difficult. It is not easy to choose the foam that is not easy to be compressed and deformed, and the compression rebound force provided during compression deformation is too large; nor can it be extremely easy to compress and deform, and the compression rebound provided during compression deformation. Foam with too little force. The former is easy to push up the rear shell 18, resulting in an excessively large gap between the rear shell 18 and the middle frame 12; the latter cannot provide sufficient pre-tightening force, and the effect of restraining the shell vibration is limited.
  • the solution of the first embodiment adopts the combination design of the adhesive layer 171, the double-sided adhesive layer 173 and the foam layer 172, which can mainly rely on the integrated bonding method to suppress shell vibration.
  • any suitable foam can be selected according to needs (for example, low-density foam can be used to ensure the gap between the rear shell 18 and the middle frame 12), which reduces the difficulty of foam selection and improves the mass production sex.
  • the adhesive force of the weak adhesive layer 1711 in the adhesive layer 171 is the smallest, when the rear case 18 is removed for maintenance, the weak adhesive layer 1711 will be easily separated from the charging coil 16, while the double-sided adhesive layer 173 remains The rear shell 18 is bonded so that the entire auxiliary material 17 and the rear shell 18 are removed together.
  • the charging coil 16 will not be pulled or damaged, and there will be no residual glue on the charging coil 16, which not only reduces the difficulty of disassembly, but also facilitates the repeated use of the charging coil 16. That is, by bonding the auxiliary material 17 to the rear shell 18, the surface of the housing 18 is relatively viscous, while the surface of the charging coil 16 is relatively weak, which can improve the detachability and maintenance of the product.
  • the solution of the first embodiment can not only suppress the vibration of the rear shell 18, but also meet the product assembly requirements, and improve the mass production and detachability of the product.
  • the auxiliary material 17 bonds the rear shell 18 and any other functional components as a whole, which can suppress shell vibration, adapt to the assembly gap, reduce the difficulty of foam selection, and improve detachable maintenance.
  • the technical effect of sex for example, the electronic device does not have the graphite sheet 15 and the charging coil 16, and the auxiliary material 17 adheres the rear shell 18 to the battery 20; 15 Adhesion; or, the auxiliary material 17 is arranged in the area where the shielding cover is located, and the auxiliary material 17 adheres the rear shell 18 and the shielding cover.
  • the auxiliary material can be provided with a number of spaced through holes, and the axis of each through hole can be along the thickness direction of the auxiliary material. , That is, each through hole penetrates the adhesive layer, the foam layer and the double-sided adhesive layer.
  • the size, number, shape and arrangement of the through holes are not limited.
  • the through holes 47 a, through holes 47 b and through holes 47 c on the auxiliary material 47 all penetrate through the adhesive layer 471, the foam layer 472 and the double-sided adhesive layer 473.
  • the through hole 47a and the through hole 47c are approximately rectangular, the through hole 47b is a special-shaped hole, the sizes of the three through holes are different, and a slender rib 47d is formed between adjacent through holes.
  • all the through holes 57a on the auxiliary material 57 may be distributed in a matrix, and all the through holes 57a have the same diameter and are round holes, and a spacer 57b is formed between adjacent through holes 57a.
  • the third embodiment Compared with the auxiliary material structure of the first embodiment, in the third embodiment, through holes are formed on the auxiliary material, the bonding area of the auxiliary material and the rear shell 18 and the charging coil 16 can be reduced, thereby reducing the adhesion force of the auxiliary material and the auxiliary material to the rear shell 18
  • the applied compression rebound force ie, the pre-tightening force

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Abstract

一种应用于电子设备的辅料。辅料包括依次层叠的粘性层、泡棉层和双面背胶层，辅料用于粘贴在电子设备的后壳与电子设备的功能部件之间，粘性层用于与功能部件粘接，双面背胶层用于与后壳粘接，粘性层粘接功能部件的表面的粘着力小于双面背胶层的粘着力。一种电子设备，电子设备的扬声器模组具有开放式后音腔设计，电子设备还包括后壳、功能部件及辅料，辅料具有相对的弱粘性面与强粘性面，弱粘性面的粘着力小于强粘性面的粘着力，弱粘性面与功能部件粘接，强粘性面与后壳粘接。一种后壳组件，包括后壳及粘贴在后壳内表面的辅料。

Description

电子设备、电子设备的辅料及电子设备的后壳组件
本申请要求于2020年03月05日提交中国专利局、申请号为202010146924.8、申请名称为“电子设备、电子设备的辅料及电子设备的后壳组件”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及终端设备制造领域，尤其涉及一种电子设备、电子设备的辅料及电子设备的后壳组件。
背景技术
手机的扬声器模组决定了手机的外放音效。为了获得大音量、立体声等音效，扬声器模组的后音腔会与手机的内腔连通，使手机的内腔也作为扬声器模组的后音腔。但是采用此种开放式后音腔的设计，扬声器模组在工作时，振动的振膜会驱使手机内腔的空气振动，造成气流冲击手机的后壳，导致后壳振动。用户触摸后壳时能明显感受到壳振，尤其当扬声器模组工作在低频段时，用户甚至能感觉到手麻，这影响了用户体验。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种电子设备、电子设备的辅料及电子设备的后壳组件，能够抑制扬声器模组工作引起的壳振，优化用户体验。
第一方面，本申请提供了一种电子设备，该电子设备包括后壳、中框、功能部件、扬声器模组及辅料，该后壳盖合在该中框上并与该中框围成安装腔，该功能部件、该扬声器模组及该辅料均设于该安装腔内，该功能部件与该扬声器模组相邻，该扬声器模组的后音腔与该安装腔连通，该辅料粘贴在该后壳与该功能组件之间，该辅料具有相对的弱粘性面与强粘性面，该弱粘性面的粘着力小于该强粘性面的粘着力，该弱粘性面与该功能部件粘接，该强粘性面与该后壳粘接。
该电子设备可以是非折叠电子设备，也可以是可折叠电子设备。对于非折叠电子设备，其包括一件中框与一件后壳；对于可折叠电子设备而言，其可以包括两件中框及两件后壳，一件中框与一件后壳围成一个安装腔，另一件中框与另一件后壳围成另一个安装腔，其中辅料与功能部件在同一安装腔内，扬声器可以在任一安装腔内。
功能部件指安装在安装腔中的除扬声器模组以外的部件。功能部件可以具有一定机械功能(包括但不限于支撑、限位、收容、连接、配合)、电气功能(包括但不限于电连接、充放电、信号辐射、电磁屏蔽、信号处理、滤波、图像采集、指纹信息采集、音频采集)，和/或其他功能(如散热等热力学功能)。
扬声器模组可以包括扬声器外壳和扬声器单元。扬声器外壳具有内腔，扬声器外壳上开设有前音腔出音孔和连通孔，前音腔出音孔与连通孔隔开，前音腔出音孔与中框上的整机出音孔对准，连通孔与安装腔连通。扬声器单元安装在内腔中，并将内腔分割为相互隔绝的前音腔和后音腔，前音腔与前音腔出音孔连通，后音腔与连通孔连通。扬声器单元用于实现电声转换以发出声音。扬声器单元产生的声波通过前音腔、前音腔出音孔和整机出音孔传播到电子设备外部，以被人耳接收形成听觉。扬声器模组的后音腔通过连通孔与电子设备的安装腔连通，这就是开放式后音腔设计。此种开放式后音腔设计将安装腔扩展为扬声器模组的后 音腔，能够实现大音量、立体声等音效，增强扬声器模组的音质表现。
辅料可以呈片状，其表面可以是闭合完整的、不设开孔，也可以根据需要开设通孔。辅料的外形可以与功能部件的外形相适配，以保证对功能部件的合理粘接强度。粘着力用于表征粘性的强弱，辅料的弱粘性面的粘性比强粘性面的粘性弱。基于此种设计，在拆卸后壳以进行维修时，辅料将会容易地与功能部件分离，并连同后壳一并被拆卸下来，使得功能部件不会被拉扯、损坏，也不会残留余胶。这不仅减小了拆卸难度，还有利于实现功能部件的重复使用。
由于通过辅料将后壳与后壳内部的功能部件粘接为一体，增大了后壳的等效质量与刚性，改变了后壳的谐振频率，因此扬声器模组工作引发的气流冲击后壳时，后壳不容易振动。
在一种实现方式中，该辅料包括依次层叠的粘性层、泡棉层和双面背胶层，该粘性层与该功能部件粘接，该弱粘性面为该粘接层粘接该功能部件的表面，该双面背胶层与该后壳粘接，该强粘性面为该双面背胶层粘接该后壳的表面。
粘性层、泡棉层和双面背胶层三者层叠贴合形成片状结构，泡棉层夹在粘性层与双面背胶层之间。粘性层、泡棉层和双面背胶层的形状一致，三者完全重叠。在粘性层的厚度方向上，粘性层中的材料可以是均匀分布的，因此粘性层中的任一截面(该截面的法线方向为该厚度方向)的粘着力均等于整个粘性层的粘着力，例如粘性层的弱粘性面与粘性层贴合泡棉层的一面的粘着力可以相同。此种方案中，拆卸后壳时泡棉层与双面背胶层可能随后壳一并被拆下，粘性层依然与功能部件粘接。但是由于弱粘性面对功能部件的粘着力较小，可以将粘性层从功能部件上撕下而不会拉扯、损坏功能部件，也不会在功能部件上残留余胶。或者，在粘性层的厚度方向上，粘性层中的材料可以是非均匀分布的，弱粘性面的粘着力可以小于粘性层贴合泡棉层的一面的粘着力。
泡棉层由泡棉制成，泡棉层容易受压产生弹性形变和压缩反弹力。双面背胶层采用双面背胶制成，双面背胶层的厚度方向上的相对两面均有较强粘性。
由于泡棉容易弹性形变，因此辅料也具有弹性形变性能。当制造误差导致功能部件与后壳的间隙公差超过设计范围时，辅料能够自适应形变以填充功能部件与后壳的间隙，保证功能部件与后壳能够可靠组装，即辅料能起到适配功能部件与后壳的间隙公差的作用。并且，采用双面背胶层能稳固地粘接后壳，且材料成本低廉，量产性好。通过设计对功能部件具有较小粘着力的粘性层，能保证辅料易于与功能部件分离，且可制造性与量产性较好。
在一种实现方式中，该粘性层包括依次层叠的弱粘性层、基材层及强粘性层；该弱粘性层与该功能部件粘接，该弱粘性面为该弱粘性层粘接该功能部件的表面，该强粘性层与该泡棉层贴合，该弱粘性面的粘着力小于该强粘性层的粘着力。
在粘性层的厚度方向上，弱粘性层与强粘性层中的材料都是均匀分布的，弱粘性层中的任一截面(该截面的法线沿该厚度方向延伸)的粘着力均等于整个材料层的粘着力，强粘性层也是同样。弱粘性层的粘性不仅小于双面背胶层的粘性，也小于强粘性层的粘性。强粘性层与双面背胶层的粘着力大小关系可以不限，例如强粘性层与双面背胶层的粘着力可以基本一致，或者强粘性层的粘着力小于双面背胶层的粘着力，或者强粘性层的粘着力大于双面背胶层的粘着力。此种结构的粘性层既能对功能部件进行粘接，也能满足产品的可拆卸维护性要求，且能保证粘性层的可制造性与量产性。
在一种实现方式中，该弱粘性层的粘着力小于或等于0.0392N/cm，和/或该强粘性层的粘着力大于或等于5N/cm。此种设计的弱粘性层能对功能部件进行粘接，也能满足产品的可拆卸维护性要求。此种设计的强粘性层能可靠地对后壳进行粘接，从而将后壳与功能部件连 为一体，实现抑制壳振的目的。
在一种实现方式中，该弱粘性层由硅胶制成，该基材层由聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯或聚醚醚酮中制成，该强粘性层由丙烯酸双面胶、亚克力胶或泡棉胶制成。弱粘性层、基材层及强粘性层的材料选型各自独立、互不影响，三者中的任何一个均可以根据需要选用合适的材料。
在一种实现方式中，该粘性层的冲击吸收率大于或等于35％。粘性层整体上还可以具有一定阻尼性能，能够吸收冲击能量，从而具有一定抑制壳振的功能。可以用冲击吸收率来表征该阻尼性能，冲击吸收率表示材料吸收的能量与总能量之比。具有该冲击吸收率水平的粘性层阻尼性能较好，能进一步减小后壳振动。
在一种实现方式中，该泡棉层的密度小于或等于100Kg/m 3。泡棉层的密度越小，则越容易压缩形变，所能提供的压缩反弹力越小。通过使泡棉层的密度在该范围，能够避免泡棉层的压缩反弹力过大而将后壳顶起，导致后壳与中框的间隙过大。
在一种实现方式中，该辅料上开设有若干相间隔的通孔，每个该通孔均贯穿该粘性层、该泡棉层和该双面背胶层。通孔的大小、数量、形状及排列方式不限。开设通孔能减小辅料与后壳及功能部件的贴合面积，进而减小辅料的粘着力及辅料向后壳施加的压缩反弹力(即预紧力)，使后壳能更为容易地拆卸，并防止后壳与中框的间隙过大。
在一种实现方式中，该功能部件包括电池。针对电池，本方案通过辅料将电池与后壳连为一体，既能抑制壳振，又能适配满足电池的组装间隙。尤其是当电池为可以膨胀的软包电池时，辅料能够压缩以提供电池膨胀所需的结构空间，避免电池膨胀后将后壳顶起，导致后壳与中框的间隙过大而造成整机外观缺陷。
在一种实现方式中，该辅料的轮廓边界不超出该电池的轮廓边界。辅料的边界可以完全内缩于电池的边界之内，此时辅料可以与电池近似共中心，辅料的各边与电池的各条对应边的间距可以近似相等。或者，辅料的边界与电池的边界可以基本重合。此种设计可以保证辅料具有合适的贴合面积，保证对电池的粘着力在合理范围，也能适应电子设备的内部结构设计需要。
第二方面，本申请提供了一种电子设备的辅料，该电子设备包括后壳、中框及功能部件,该后壳盖合在该中框上并与该中框围成安装腔,该功能部件安装在该安装腔内，该辅料包括依次层叠的粘性层、泡棉层和双面背胶层，该辅料用于粘贴在该后壳与该功能部件之间，其中该粘性层用于与该功能部件粘接，该双面背胶层用于与该后壳粘接，该粘性层粘接该功能部件的表面的粘着力小于该双面背胶层的粘着力。
由于泡棉容易弹性形变，因此辅料也具有弹性形变性能。当制造误差导致功能部件与后壳的间隙公差超过设计范围时，辅料能够自适应形变以填充功能部件与后壳的间隙，保证功能部件与后壳能够可靠组装，即辅料能起到适配功能部件与后壳的间隙公差的作用。并且，采用双面背胶层能稳固地粘接后壳，且材料成本低廉，量产性好。通过设计对功能部件具有较小粘着力的粘性层，能保证辅料易于与功能部件分离，且可制造性与量产性较好。
在一种实现方式中，该粘性层包括依次层叠的弱粘性层、基材层及强粘性层，该弱粘性层用于与该功能部件粘接，该强粘性层与该泡棉层贴合，该弱粘性层的粘着力小于该强粘性层的粘着力。此种结构的粘性层既能对功能部件进行粘接，也能满足产品的可拆卸维护性要求，且能保证粘性层的可制造性与量产性。
在一种实现方式中，该弱粘性层的粘着力小于或等于0.0392N/cm，和/或该强粘性层的粘着力大于或等于5N/cm。此种设计的弱粘性层能对功能部件进行粘接，也能满足产品的可拆卸维护性要求。此种设计的强粘性层能可靠地对后壳进行粘接，从而将后壳与功能部件连 为一体，实现抑制壳振的目的。
在一种实现方式中，该弱粘性层由硅胶制成，该基材层由聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯或聚醚醚酮制成，该强粘性层由丙烯酸双面胶、亚克力胶或泡棉胶制成。弱粘性层、基材层及强粘性层的材料选型各自独立、互不影响，三者中的任何一个均可以根据需要选用合适的材料。
在一种实现方式中，该粘性层的冲击吸收率大于或等于35％。粘性层整体上还可以具有一定阻尼性能，能够吸收冲击能量，从而具有一定抑制壳振的功能。可以用冲击吸收率来表征该阻尼性能，冲击吸收率表示材料吸收的能量与总能量之比。具有该冲击吸收率水平的粘性层阻尼性能较好，能进一步减小后壳振动。
在一种实现方式中，该泡棉层的密度小于或等于100Kg/m 3。泡棉层的密度越小，则越容易压缩形变，所能提供的压缩反弹力越小。通过使泡棉层的密度在该范围，能够避免泡棉层的压缩反弹力过大而将后壳顶起，导致后壳与中框的间隙过大。
在一种实现方式中，该辅料上开设有若干相间隔的通孔，每个该通孔均贯穿该粘性层、该泡棉层和该双面背胶层。通孔的大小、数量、形状及排列方式不限。开设通孔能减小辅料与后壳及功能部件的贴合面积，进而减小辅料的粘着力及辅料向后壳施加的压缩反弹力(即预紧力)，使后壳能更为容易地拆卸，并防止后壳与中框的间隙过大。
第三方面，本申请提供了一种电子设备的后壳组件,该电子设备包括中框及功能部件,该后壳组件包括后壳及该辅料，该后壳用于盖合在该中框上并与该中框围成安装腔,该功能部件安装在该安装腔内。由于具有设在后壳内表面的辅料，该后壳组件与具有开放式后音腔的扬声器模组组装到一起时，后壳的振动能得到较好地抑制。
附图说明
图1是实施例一的电子设备的立体结构示意图；
图2是图1中的电子设备的分解结构示意图；
图3是图1中的电子设备的A-A剖视结构示意图；
图4是图3中B处的局部放大结构示意图；
图5是实施例二的电子设备的侧视结构示意图；
图6是图5中的电子设备的分解结构示意图；
图7是表示实施例一中电池、辅料及后壳的组装关系的分解结构示意图；
图8是图7中的辅料的粘性层的横截面结构示意图；
图9是常规方案中的后壳的振幅数据；
图10是实施例一方案中的后壳的振幅数据；
图11实施例三的一种辅料的分解结构示意图；
图12是实施例三的另一种辅料的俯视结构示意图。
具体实施方式
本申请以下实施例提供了一种电子设备，该电子设备包括但不限于手机、平板电脑、电子阅读器等。以下以该电子设备是手机为例进行描述。
如图1-图3所示(图3是图1的A-A截面剖视图)，在实施例一中，电子设备10可以包括显示屏11、中框12、扬声器模组19、电池20、电路板组件、石墨片15、充电线圈16、辅料17以及后壳18。
中框12作为电子设备10的主要结构承载件，用于承载上述除中框12之外的其他部件。 中框12的相对两侧均可形成安装槽，显示屏11安装在中框12一侧的安装槽中，扬声器模组19、电池20、电路板组件、石墨片15以及充电线圈16安装在中框12另一侧安装槽中。后壳18盖合在中框12上，并位于中框12背离显示屏11的一侧。中框12与后壳18可围成安装腔10a，扬声器模组19、电池20、电路板组件、石墨片15、充电线圈16及辅料17均位于该安装腔10a内。如图1和图2所示，中框12的侧壁可形成整机出音孔12a，整机出音孔12a贯通该侧壁。在其他实施例中，整机出音孔12a也可以开设在后壳18上。中框12与后壳18的具体结构可以根据产品需要设计，实施例一对此不做限定。
显示屏11可以是平板状的2D屏，也可以是曲面屏如2.5D屏(显示屏11具有平整的中间部及连接在该中间部的相对两侧的曲面部)或3D屏(在2.5D屏的基础上，将中间部也做成曲面)。显示屏11可以包括盖板和显示面板，盖板与显示面板层叠。盖板用于对显示面板进行防护，显示面板用于显示图像。显示面板包括但不限于液晶显示面板或有机发光二极管显示面板。盖板内可集成触控单元，即盖板具有触控功能；或者，显示面板可内置触控单元，即显示面板兼有显示和触控功能。
如图1和图2所述，实施例一中的电子设备10为非折叠手机，其可以包括中框12和后壳18，其显示屏11为不可弯折的硬质屏。如图5和图6所示，与实施例一不同的是，在实施例二中，电子设备30为可折叠手机，其可以包括两件中框及两件后壳，其显示屏34为可以弯折的柔性屏。
具体的，图6视角中左侧的第一中框312与第一后壳311组装成第一壳体31，右侧的第二中框332与第二后壳331组装成第二壳体33，其中第一中框312与第一后壳311的装配方式，以及第二中框332与第二后壳331的装配方式同实施例一。第一壳体31与第二壳体32通过铰链32转动连接。铰链32可以是由若干部件构成的机构，能够产生机构运动。通过铰链32的机构运动，第一壳体31与第二壳体32能靠拢或分离，从而实现可折叠手机的折叠或展开。显示屏34安装在第一中框312与第二中框332的同侧。如图5和图6所示，当可折叠手机处于折叠状态时，显示屏34可被收容在第一壳体31与第二壳体32之间，即可折叠手机为内折屏手机。在其他实施例中,当可折叠手机处于折叠状态时，显示屏位于外侧，第一壳体与第二壳体位于内侧，即可折叠手机可以为外折屏手机。
实施例二中，扬声器模组、电池、电路板组件、石墨片、充电线圈及辅料可以根据需要安装在第一壳体内或第二壳体内。例如，扬声器模组、电池、电路板组件、石墨片、充电线圈及辅料均安装在第一壳体内或者第二壳体内；或者，扬声器模组、电池、石墨片、充电线圈及辅料安装在第一壳体内，电路板组件安装在第二壳体内；或者，扬声器模组安装在第一壳体内，电池、石墨片、充电线圈及辅料安装在第二壳体内，电路板组件安装在第一壳体内或第二壳体内；或者，第一壳体内与第二壳体内均安装有扬声器模组、电池、电路板组件、石墨片、充电线圈及辅料。应理解，以上所列均为举例，上述部件的实际安装位置不限于此。
以下将以实施例一的电子设备10为例，继续描述本申请实施例的方案。
如图2和图3所示，电路板组件与电池20、扬声器模组19可以并排布置。电路板组件可以包括电路板13及电路板支架14。电路板13与电池20、扬声器模组19及充电线圈16电连接。电路板支架14可以安装在电路板13朝向后壳18的表面，电路板支架14可用于对电路板13进行支撑、限位以及防护。在其他实施例中，电路板组件与电池20、扬声器模组19的相对位置可以根据产品需要设计，不限于图2和图3所示。根据产品堆叠设计及结构设计需要，也可以不设电路板支架14。
如图2和图3所示，电池20、石墨片15及充电线圈16依次层叠，其中电池20可以远 离后壳18，充电线圈16可以靠近后壳18，石墨片15可以位于电池20与充电线圈16之间(图3中未示出石墨片15与充电线圈16)。电池20可以是用户可插拔更换的电池，或者用户不可插拔更换的电池(如软包电池)。电池20安装在中框12上，例如以卡持或粘接的方式固定于中框12。石墨片15可以与电池20具有间隙，石墨片15用于对安装腔10a内的发热元件进行散热，例如可以对电路板13上的芯片、扬声器模组19、电池20等进行散热。充电线圈16与电路板13电连接，用于实现电池20的无线充电。实施例一对电池20、石墨片15及充电线圈16的具体结构及类别不做限定。在其他实施例中，石墨片15和/或充电线圈16可以取消，即无需使用石墨片15进行散热，电池20可以采用有线充电接口充电。
电池20、石墨片15及充电线圈16均属于功能部件。功能部件指安装在安装腔10a中的除扬声器模组19以外的部件。功能部件可以具有一定机械功能(包括但不限于支撑、限位、收容、连接、配合)、电气功能(包括但不限于电连接、充放电、信号辐射、电磁屏蔽、信号处理、滤波、图像采集、指纹信息采集、音频采集)，和/或其他功能(如散热等热力学功能)。除电池20石墨片15及充电线圈16外，功能部件例如还可以包括摄像头模组、指纹模组、振动马达、天线辐射体、屏蔽罩/屏蔽框、辅助电路板等。下文将针对电池20与充电线圈16这两个功能部件继续描述，但实际上以下所述适用于任意功能部件。
如图2和图3所示，扬声器模组19可以与电池20相邻。结合图3与图4所示，扬声器模组19可以包括扬声器外壳191和扬声器单元192。扬声器外壳191具有内腔191b，扬声器外壳191上开设有前音腔出音孔191a和连通孔191c，前音腔出音孔191a与连通孔191c隔开，前音腔出音孔191a与中框12上的整机出音孔12a对准，连通孔191c与安装腔10a连通。扬声器单元192安装在内腔191b中，并将内腔191b分割为相互隔绝的前音腔F和后音腔B，前音腔F与前音腔出音孔191a连通，后音腔B与连通孔191c连通。扬声器单元192包括振膜，扬声器单元192用于实现电声转换以发出声音。扬声器单元192产生的声波通过前音腔F、前音腔出音孔191a和整机出音孔12a传播到电子设备10外部，以被人耳接收形成听觉。扬声器模组19的后音腔B通过连通孔191c与电子设备10的安装腔10a连通，此种开放式后音腔设计将安装腔10a扩展为扬声器模组19的后音腔，能够实现大音量、立体声等音效，增强扬声器模组19的音质表现。可以根据产品需要设计扬声器模组19的具体结构，实施例一对此不做限定。
如图2-图4所示，辅料17可以呈片状，其表面闭合完整，不设开孔。辅料17填充在充电线圈16与后壳18之间，并位于电池20所在区域。辅料17的一面与后壳18的内表面粘接，相对的另一面与充电线圈16粘接。辅料17的外形可以按照如下原则进行设计：使辅料17与电池20重叠的面积尽量大，以保证对电池20所在区域的粘接力度。例如，辅料17的外形可以与电池20基本相同，辅料17近似呈矩形片状。辅料17的边界轮廓可以不超出电池20的边界轮廓，例如辅料17的边界完全内缩于电池20的边界之内，此时辅料17可以与电池20近似共中心，辅料17的各边与电池20的各条对应边的间距可以近似相等；或者辅料17的边界与电池20的边界基本重合。在其他实施例中，可以根据产品需要设计辅料17的外形，使辅料17的外形与辅料17所粘接的功能部件匹配，不限于上文所述。
如图7所示，辅料17可以包括粘性层171、泡棉层172和双面背胶层173，三者层叠贴合形成片状结构，泡棉层172夹在粘性层171与双面背胶层173之间。粘性层171、泡棉层172和双面背胶层173的形状一致，三者完全重叠。粘性层171靠近电池20，粘性层171与充电线圈16粘接。双面背胶层173靠近后壳18，双面背胶层173与后壳18粘接。
如图8所示，粘性层171可以包括层叠贴合的弱粘性层1711、基材层1712及强粘性层 1713。弱粘性层1711与强粘性层1713均具有粘性。结合图7和图8所示，弱粘性层1711与充电线圈16粘接，强粘性层1713与泡棉层172粘接，基材层1712夹在弱粘性层1711与强粘性层1713之间。
弱粘性层1711例如可以由硅胶制造。基材层1712例如可以由聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(polyethylene terephthalate，PET)或聚醚醚酮(poly-ether-ether-ketone，PEEK)制成。强粘性层1713例如可由丙烯酸双面胶、亚克力胶或泡棉胶制成。
弱粘性层1711的粘性可以小于强粘性层1713的粘性。粘性可以使用粘着力来表征。粘着力的定义及测定方式可以是：在测试环境下，将粘性材料的试样粘贴在目标表面，将试样掀起并反折180度，然后拉动试样从目标表面剥离，在此过程中测量牵引试样的拉力。当剥离距离达到设定值时，所测得的最大拉力即为试样的粘着力。粘着力的单位可以是N/cm，表示剥离距离1cm时对应的粘着力为1N。实施例一中，弱粘性层1711的粘着力可以小于或等于0.0392N/cm，和/或强粘性层1713的粘着力可以大于或等于5N/cm。当然，弱粘性层1711与强粘性层1713的粘着力的具体取值可以根据需要进行设计，并不限于上文所列。
弱粘性层1711的粘着力同时也小于双面背胶层173的粘着力，也即弱粘性层1711、强粘性层1713及双面背胶层173三者中，弱粘性层1711的粘着力最小。强粘性层1713与双面背胶层173的粘着力大小关系可以不限，例如强粘性层1713与双面背胶层173的粘着力可以基本一致，或者强粘性层1713的粘着力小于双面背胶层173的粘着力，或者强粘性层1713的粘着力大于双面背胶层173的粘着力。
在厚度方向上，弱粘性层1711、强粘性层1713及双面背胶层173这三个材料层中的材料都是均匀分布的，法线沿该厚度方向延伸的任一截面的粘着力均等于整个材料层的粘着力。因此，弱粘性层1711背离基材层1712的表面(也即背离泡棉层172的表面)的粘着力等于弱粘性层1711的粘着力，强粘性层1713背离基材层1712的表面的粘着力等于强粘性层1713的粘着力，双面背胶层173背离泡棉层172的表面的粘着力等于双面背胶层173的粘着力。可以将弱粘性层1711背离基材层1712的表面称为弱粘性面，将双面背胶层173背离泡棉层172的表面称为强粘性面。
粘性层171整体上还可以具有一定阻尼性能，能够吸收冲击能量，从而具有一定抑制壳振的功能。可以用冲击吸收率来表征该阻尼性能，冲击吸收率表示材料吸收的能量与总能量之比。粘性层171的冲击吸收率例如可以大于或等于35％。当然，由于粘性层171较为纤薄，阻尼作用并不显著。实际上，粘性层171的阻尼作用不是必需的。
在其他实施例中，粘性层171不限于上述叠层结构，例如可以采用相应工艺制造出单层的粘性层171，该单层的相对两侧的粘性不同。
泡棉层172由泡棉制成。从材料选型来讲，泡棉层172使用的泡棉包括但不限于聚丙烯(polypropylene，PP)泡棉，聚乙烯(polyethylene，PE)泡棉，聚氨酯(polyurethane，PU)泡棉等。从发泡特性及结构来讲，泡棉层172所采用的泡棉可以是开孔泡棉(发泡材料的泡孔相互连通)或闭孔泡棉(发泡材料的泡孔互不连通)。以上所述仅为举例，实际上可以根据产品需要使用其他种类的泡棉，实施例一对此不做限定。
泡棉层172容易受压产生弹性形变和压缩反弹力。在辅料17组装至充电线圈16与后壳18之间时，泡棉层172将会被压缩产生压缩反弹力，该压缩反弹力可以使辅料17向后壳18施加一个预紧力，以起到抑制后壳18振动的作用。同时，泡棉层172的可形变特性能够适配电池20与后壳18的间隙公差，保证电池20与后壳18的可靠组装。特别是当电池20为可膨胀的软包电池20时，泡棉层172依靠其可压缩特性，能够提供电池20膨胀所需的结构空间 (下文将继续描述)。泡棉层172的密度越小，则泡棉层172越容易压缩形变，所能提供的压缩反弹力越小。实施例一中，可以使泡棉层172的密度较小，例如小于或等于100Kg/m 3(典型值可以是50Kg/m 3，100Kg/m 3)，这能够避免泡棉层172的压缩反弹力过大而将后壳18顶起，导致后壳18与中框12的间隙过大。
双面背胶层173采用双面背胶制成。根据产品需要，可采用任意合适的双面背胶制造双面背胶层173。双面背胶层173的厚度方向上的相对两面均有较强粘性。
在电子设备10的组装过程中，可将辅料17的双面背胶层173预先粘贴至后壳18形成后壳组件，再将该后壳组件盖合到中框12(已预先将电池20、充电线圈16、石墨片15、电路板组件、扬声器模组19等安装至中框12)上，使辅料17的弱粘性层1711粘贴至充电线圈16。此时，辅料17中的泡棉层172可发生压缩形变。
由于通过辅料17将后壳18与后壳18内部的充电线圈粘接为一体，增大了后壳18的等效质量与刚性，改变了后壳18的谐振频率，因此扬声器模组19工作引发的气流冲击后壳18时，后壳18不容易振动。进一步的，辅料17中的泡棉层172能够在压缩形变时产生压缩反弹力，使得辅料17向后壳18施加一个预紧力。在该预紧力的作用下，后壳18被支撑，因而不易在气流冲击下振动。因此在一体式粘接和预紧力的共同作用下，后壳18的振动能被较好地抑制。
根据上文描述可知，从抑制后壳18振动的角度出发，在其他实施例中辅料17可以没有泡棉层172而只有粘性材料，只要通过该粘性材料将后壳18与后壳18内部的充电线圈16粘接为一体即可抑制后壳18振动。但是，粘性材料不具备压缩形变能力，无法满足组装需求。相反，含有泡棉层172会使得辅料17能够压缩形变以满足组装需求。此将在下文详细描述。
由于泡棉容易弹性形变，因此辅料17也具有弹性形变性能。当制造误差导致电池20与后壳18的间隙公差超过设计范围时，辅料17能够自适应形变以填充电池20与后壳18的间隙，保证电池20与后壳18能够可靠组装，即辅料17能起到适配电池20与后壳18的间隙公差的作用。特别的，当电池20为可以膨胀的软包电池时，辅料17能够压缩以提供电池20膨胀所需的结构空间，避免电池20膨胀后将后壳18顶起，导致后壳18与中框12的间隙过大而造成整机外观缺陷。由于粘性层171与双面背胶层173都不具备压缩形变能力，因此从保证结构间隙、满足组装需求的角度出发，辅料17中设置泡棉层172是必要的。
常规方案是仅通过在后壳18上粘贴泡棉来抑制壳振，但是抑制壳振的效果较差。图9与图10分别表示在相同测试音源条件下，采用常规方案与实施例一的方案所测得的后壳18振幅数据。对比图9与图10可知：常规方案中后壳18的振幅明显偏大，振幅可达6um左右，表明后壳18的振动较为强烈。相反，实施例一方案中后壳18的振幅仅有1.5um左右，表明后壳18的振幅得到明显抑制。
并且，常规方案中泡棉的选型难度较大，既不能选用不易压缩形变，压缩形变时提供的压缩反弹力过大的泡棉；也不能选择极易压缩形变，压缩形变时提供的压缩反弹力过小的泡棉。前者容易将后壳18顶起，导致后壳18与中框12的间隙过大；后者无法提供足够的预紧力，抑制壳振的效果有限。反之，实施例一的方案采用粘性层171、双面背胶层173加泡棉层172的组合设计，可以主要依靠一体式粘接方式抑制壳振，泡棉层172对抑制壳振的贡献是次要的，因而可以根据需要选用任意合适的泡棉(例如可以选用低密度泡棉，以保证后壳18与中框12的间隙)，减小了泡棉选型难度，提升了可量产性。
另外，由于粘性层171中的弱粘性层1711的粘着力最小，当拆卸后壳18以进行维修时，弱粘性层1711将会容易地与充电线圈16分离，而双面背胶层173依然与后壳18粘接，使得 整个辅料17连同后壳18一并被拆卸下来。在拆卸作业中，充电线圈16不会被拉扯、损坏，充电线圈16上也不会残留余胶，这不仅减小了拆卸难度，还有利于实现充电线圈16的重复使用。也即通过使辅料17粘接后壳18的表面粘性较强，而粘接充电线圈16的表面粘性较弱，能够提升产品的可拆卸维护性。
综上所述，实施例一的方案既能够抑制后壳18振动，又能够满足产品组装需求、提升产品的可量产性及可拆卸维护性。
根据以上描述，在其他实施例中，辅料17将后壳18与其他任意功能部件粘接为一体，均能实现抑制壳振、适配组装间隙、减小泡棉选型难度、提升可拆卸维护性的技术效果。例如，电子设备未设石墨片15与充电线圈16，辅料17将后壳18与电池20粘接；或者，电子设备具有石墨片15、未设充电线圈16，辅料17将后壳18与石墨片15粘接；或者，辅料17布置在屏蔽罩所在区域，辅料17将后壳18与屏蔽罩粘接。
如图11和图12所示，在第三实施例中，与上述第一实施例不同的是，辅料上可以开设有若干相间隔的通孔，每个通孔的轴线可沿辅料的厚度方向，也即每个通孔均贯穿粘性层、泡棉层和双面背胶层。通孔的大小、数量、形状及排列方式不限。例如图11所示，辅料47上的通孔47a、通孔47b及通孔47c均贯穿粘性层471、泡棉层472和双面背胶层473。通孔47a与通孔47c近似呈矩形，通孔47b为异形孔，三个通孔的大小各不相同，相邻通孔之间形成细长的筋条47d。又例如图12所示，辅料57上的全部通孔57a可以按矩阵分布，所有通孔57a的孔径均相同且均为圆孔，相邻的通孔57a之间形成间隔部57b。
相较实施例一的辅料结构，实施例三通过在辅料上开设通孔，能减小辅料与后壳18及充电线圈16的贴合面积，进而减小辅料的粘着力及辅料向后壳18施加的压缩反弹力(即预紧力)，使后壳18能更为容易地拆卸，并防止后壳18与中框12的间隙过大。应理解，实施例三的方案是在抑制后壳18振动、满足产品组装需求、提升产品的可量产性及可拆卸维护性的前提下，根据产品需要对辅料的粘着力及预紧力所做的调整。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种电子设备，其特征在于，
    包括后壳、中框、功能部件、扬声器模组及辅料，所述后壳盖合在所述中框上并与所述中框围成安装腔，所述功能部件、所述扬声器模组及所述辅料均设于所述安装腔内，所述功能部件与所述扬声器模组相邻，所述扬声器模组的后音腔与所述安装腔连通，所述辅料粘贴在所述后壳与所述功能组件之间，所述辅料具有相对的弱粘性面与强粘性面，所述弱粘性面的粘着力小于所述强粘性面的粘着力，所述弱粘性面与所述功能部件粘接，所述强粘性面与所述后壳粘接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电子设备，其特征在于，
    所述辅料包括依次层叠的粘性层、泡棉层和双面背胶层，所述粘性层与所述功能部件粘接，所述弱粘性面为所述粘接层粘接所述功能部件的表面，所述双面背胶层与所述后壳粘接，所述强粘性面为所述双面背胶层粘接所述后壳的表面。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电子设备，其特征在于，
    所述粘性层包括依次层叠的弱粘性层、基材层及强粘性层；
    所述弱粘性层与所述功能部件粘接，所述弱粘性面为所述弱粘性层粘接所述功能部件的表面，所述强粘性层与所述泡棉层贴合，所述弱粘性面的粘着力小于所述强粘性层的粘着力。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的电子设备，其特征在于，
    所述弱粘性层的粘着力小于或等于0.0392N/cm，和/或所述强粘性层的粘着力大于或等于5N/cm。
  5. 根据权利要求3或4所述的电子设备，其特征在于，
    所述弱粘性层由硅胶制成，所述基材层由聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯或聚醚醚酮中制成，所述强粘性层由丙烯酸双面胶、亚克力胶或泡棉胶制成。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的电子设备，其特征在于，
    所述粘性层的冲击吸收率大于或等于35％。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的电子设备，其特征在于，
    所述泡棉层的密度小于或等于100Kg/m 3。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的电子设备，其特征在于，
    所述辅料上开设有若干相间隔的通孔，每个所述通孔均贯穿所述粘性层、所述泡棉层和所述双面背胶层。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的电子设备，其特征在于，
    所述功能部件包括电池。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的电子设备，其特征在于，
    所述辅料的轮廓边界不超出所述电池的轮廓边界。
  11. 一种电子设备的辅料，所述电子设备包括后壳、中框及功能部件,所述后壳盖合在所述中框上并与所述中框围成安装腔,所述功能部件安装在所述安装腔内，其特征在于,
    所述辅料包括依次层叠的粘性层、泡棉层和双面背胶层，所述辅料用于粘贴在所述后壳与所述功能部件之间，其中所述粘性层用于与所述功能部件粘接，所述双面背胶层用于与所述后壳粘接，所述粘性层粘接所述功能部件的表面的粘着力小于所述双面背胶层的粘着力。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的辅料，其特征在于，
    所述粘性层包括依次层叠的弱粘性层、基材层及强粘性层，所述弱粘性层用于与所述功能部件粘接，所述强粘性层与所述泡棉层贴合，所述弱粘性层的粘着力小于所述强粘性层的粘着力。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的辅料，其特征在于，
    所述弱粘性层的粘着力小于或等于0.0392N/cm，和/或所述强粘性层的粘着力大于或等于5N/cm。
  14. 根据权利要求12或13所述的辅料，其特征在于，
    所述弱粘性层由硅胶制成，所述基材层由聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯或聚醚醚酮制成，所述强粘性层由丙烯酸双面胶、亚克力胶或泡棉胶制成。
  15. 根据权利要求11-14任一项所述的辅料，其特征在于，
    所述粘性层的冲击吸收率大于或等于35％。
  16. 根据权利要求11-15任一项所述的辅料，其特征在于，
    所述泡棉层的密度小于或等于100Kg/m 3。
  17. 根据权利要求11-16任一项所述的辅料，其特征在于，
    所述辅料上开设有若干相间隔的通孔，每个所述通孔均贯穿所述粘性层、所述泡棉层和所述双面背胶层。
  18. 一种电子设备的后壳组件,所述电子设备包括中框及功能部件,其特征在于,
    所述后壳组件包括后壳及权利要求11-17任一项所述的辅料，所述后壳用于盖合在所述中框上并与所述中框围成安装腔,所述功能部件安装在所述安装腔内。
PCT/CN2021/078645 2020-03-05 2021-03-02 电子设备、电子设备的辅料及电子设备的后壳组件 WO2021175205A1 (zh)

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