CN107343247B - 扬声器箱 - Google Patents

扬声器箱 Download PDF

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CN107343247B
CN107343247B CN201710539785.3A CN201710539785A CN107343247B CN 107343247 B CN107343247 B CN 107343247B CN 201710539785 A CN201710539785 A CN 201710539785A CN 107343247 B CN107343247 B CN 107343247B
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shell
cover plate
loudspeaker
cavity
elastic cover
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CN107343247A (zh
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秦鹏
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AAC Technologies Pte Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04RLOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/28Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means
    • H04R1/2803Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means for loudspeaker transducers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04RLOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/28Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means
    • H04R1/2869Reduction of undesired resonances, i.e. standing waves within enclosure, or of undesired vibrations, i.e. of the enclosure itself
    • H04R1/2884Reduction of undesired resonances, i.e. standing waves within enclosure, or of undesired vibrations, i.e. of the enclosure itself by means of the enclosure structure, i.e. strengthening or shape of the enclosure
    • H04R1/2888Reduction of undesired resonances, i.e. standing waves within enclosure, or of undesired vibrations, i.e. of the enclosure itself by means of the enclosure structure, i.e. strengthening or shape of the enclosure for loudspeaker transducers
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    • H04R1/00Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/02Casings; Cabinets ; Supports therefor; Mountings therein
    • H04R1/021Casings; Cabinets ; Supports therefor; Mountings therein incorporating only one transducer
    • HELECTRICITY
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    • H04R1/00Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/02Casings; Cabinets ; Supports therefor; Mountings therein
    • H04R1/025Arrangements for fixing loudspeaker transducers, e.g. in a box, furniture
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    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04RLOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/28Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means
    • H04R1/2807Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements
    • H04R1/2811Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements for loudspeaker transducers
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    • H04R1/00Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/32Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only
    • H04R1/34Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by using a single transducer with sound reflecting, diffracting, directing or guiding means
    • H04R1/345Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by using a single transducer with sound reflecting, diffracting, directing or guiding means for loudspeakers
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    • H04R31/00Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of transducers or diaphragms therefor
    • H04R31/003Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of transducers or diaphragms therefor for diaphragms or their outer suspension
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    • H04R9/00Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02Details
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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    • H04R9/00Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06Loudspeakers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04RLOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/02Casings; Cabinets ; Supports therefor; Mountings therein
    • H04R1/023Screens for loudspeakers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04RLOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/28Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means
    • H04R1/2869Reduction of undesired resonances, i.e. standing waves within enclosure, or of undesired vibrations, i.e. of the enclosure itself
    • H04R1/2876Reduction of undesired resonances, i.e. standing waves within enclosure, or of undesired vibrations, i.e. of the enclosure itself by means of damping material, e.g. as cladding
    • H04R1/288Reduction of undesired resonances, i.e. standing waves within enclosure, or of undesired vibrations, i.e. of the enclosure itself by means of damping material, e.g. as cladding for loudspeaker transducers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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    • H04R2400/00Loudspeakers
    • H04R2400/11Aspects regarding the frame of loudspeaker transducers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04RLOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2499/00Aspects covered by H04R or H04S not otherwise provided for in their subgroups
    • H04R2499/10General applications
    • H04R2499/11Transducers incorporated or for use in hand-held devices, e.g. mobile phones, PDA's, camera's
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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    • H04R29/00Monitoring arrangements; Testing arrangements
    • H04R29/001Monitoring arrangements; Testing arrangements for loudspeakers

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  • Otolaryngology (AREA)
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  • Details Of Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供了一种扬声器箱,包括壳体、收容于所述壳体内的扬声器单体、出声通道和弹性盖板,所述扬声器单体包括用于振动发声的振膜,所述振膜与所述壳体间隔设置形成前声腔,所述出声通道将所述前声腔与外界连通,所述前声腔与所述出声通道共同构成所述扬声器箱的前腔,所述壳体上对应所述前腔的位置设有贯穿壳体的通孔,所述弹性盖板固定于所述壳体的靠近所述振膜一侧且覆盖所述通孔,所述弹性盖板用于吸收特定谐振频率下的振动的能量,所述弹性盖板的杨氏模量或强度小于所述壳体的杨氏模量或强度。与相关技术相比,本发明的扬声器失真小且声学性能好。

Description

扬声器箱
【技术领域】
本发明涉及声电领域,尤其涉及一种运用于便携式电子产品的扬声器箱。
【背景技术】
随着移动互联网时代的到来,智能移动设备的数量不断上升。而在众多移动设备之中,手机无疑是最常见、最便携的移动终端设备。目前,手机的功能极其多样,其中之一便是高品质的音乐功能,因此,用于播放声音的扬声器箱被大量应用到现在的智能移动设备之中。
相关技术的所述扬声器箱包括壳体、收容于所述壳体内的扬声器单体、贯穿所述壳体设置的通孔和盖设于所述通孔的盖板,所述扬声器单体包括用于振动发声的振膜,所述振膜与所述壳体间隔设置形成前声腔,所述通孔与所述振膜正对设置,所述扬声器箱还包括将所述前声腔与外界连通的出声通道,所述前声腔与所述出声通道共同构成所述扬声器箱的前腔。
然而,相关技术的所述扬声器箱中,所述前腔的内壁均为硬质塑材或金属材料形成的刚性壁,刚性壁的阻尼小且振动幅度小,辐射能量有限,无法将前腔的腔体能量有效传播出去,因而不能吸收指定频率的能量。因此,该结构易使得所述前腔的刚性壁产生共振进而导致所述扬声器箱的发声失真,影响所述扬声器箱的声学性能。
因此,实有必须提供一种新的扬声器箱解决上述技术问题。
【发明内容】
本发明的目的在于提供一种失真小且声学性能好的扬声器箱。
为了达到上述目的,本发明提供了一种扬声器箱,其包括壳体、收容于所述壳体内的扬声器单体、出声通道和弹性盖板,所述扬声器单体包括用于振动发声的振膜,所述振膜与所述壳体间隔设置形成前声腔,所述出声通道将所述前声腔与外界连通,所述前声腔与所述出声通道共同构成所述扬声器箱的前腔,所述壳体上对应所述前腔的位置设有贯穿壳体的通孔,所述弹性盖板固定于所述壳体的靠近所述振膜一侧且覆盖所述通孔,所述弹性盖板用于吸收特定谐振频率下的振动的能量,所述弹性盖板的杨氏模量或强度小于所述壳体的杨氏模量或强度。
优选的,所述壳体包括下盖和与所述下盖共同围成收容空间的上盖,所述扬声器单体固定于所述收容空间内,所述振膜与所述上盖围成所述前声腔,所述出声通道形成于所述上盖,所述通孔设于所述上盖,所述弹性盖板固定于所述上盖且与所述振膜正对设置。
优选的,所述弹性盖板与所述壳体之间设有间隙。
优选的,所述上盖与所述振膜相对的表面上朝向远离振膜的方向凹陷形成凹槽,所述凹槽与所述通孔连通,所述弹性盖板固定在所述上盖朝向振膜的表面且覆盖所述凹槽。
优选的,所述弹性盖板与所述壳体通过双色注塑或热压或粘贴或超声波焊接形成固定连接。
优选的,所述特定谐振频率为500~15000Hz。
优选的,所述特定谐振频率为3000~9000Hz。
优选的,所述弹性盖板为TPU或MCP或硅胶制成。
与相关技术相比,本发明的扬声器箱将所述前腔内设置杨氏模量或强度小于所述壳体的杨氏模量或强度的弹性盖板,用于吸收特定谐振频率下的振动,从而减弱所述扬声器箱的共振效果以及降低其失真,进而提高了所述扬声器箱的声学性能。
【附图说明】
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案,下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图,其中:
图1为本发明扬声器箱的立体结构示意图;
图2为沿图1中A-A线的剖示图;
图3为本发明扬声器箱的弹性盖板与相关技术的刚性壁的频响曲线图;
图4为本发明扬声器箱的弹性盖板与相关技术的刚性壁的总谐波失真曲线图。
【具体实施方式】
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅是本发明的一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
请同时参阅图1-2,其中,图1为本发明扬声器箱的立体结构示意图;图2为沿图1中A-A线的剖示图。本发明提供了一种扬声器箱100,包括壳体1、扬声器单体2、通孔3、出声通道4和弹性盖板5。
所述扬声器单体2收容于所述壳体1内。本实施方式中,所述壳体1包括下盖11、与所述下盖11共同围成收容空间13的上盖12。所述扬声器单体2固定于所述收容空间13内。
所述扬声器单体2包括用于振动发声的振膜21,所述振膜21与所述壳体1间隔设置形成前声腔6。具体的,所述振膜21与所述上盖12共同围成所述前声腔6。
所述通孔3贯穿所述壳体1设置并与所述前声腔6连通。本实施方式中,所述通孔3贯穿所述上盖12设置。更优的,所述通孔3与所述振膜21正对设置。
所述出声通道4形成于所述壳体1内,具体的,所述出声通道4形成于所述上盖12。所述出声通道4将所述前声腔6与外界连通,用于形成侧面发声结构。也就是说,本实施方式中,所述振膜21(所述扬声器单体2)将所述收容空间13分隔成前腔131和后腔132,其中,所述前腔131包括所述前声腔6与所述出声通道4,用于出声,所述后腔132用于改善所述扬声器箱100的低频声学性能。
即,所述通孔3设于所述壳体1上对应所述前腔131的位置设置,其贯穿所述壳体1并将所述前腔131与外界连通。
所述弹性盖板5设于所述前腔131并固定于所述壳体1的靠近所述振膜21一侧且覆盖所述通孔3,用于吸收特定谐振频率的振动。所述弹性盖板5的杨氏模量或强度小于所述壳体1(更优为所述上盖12)的杨氏模量或强度。
通过本发明中的所述弹性盖板5替换相关技术中的刚性壁,而所述弹性盖板5存在一个谐振频率,通过设计,将所述弹性盖板的谐振频率调整到某一频率时,在谐振频率附近,所述弹性盖板5会产生较强的振动,在所述扬声器箱100发声时,发声单体2振动时,使前腔内的空气压缩产生能量,该能量驱动弹性盖板5振动,从而消耗前腔内的能量,弹性盖板5较佳在谐振频率下振动,此时振动强度达到最大,从而可以消耗更多的能量;进而达到吸收特定频率附近能量的目的;另外,通过所述弹性盖板5替代刚性壁可将所述前腔131内媒质疏密化传到所述前腔131外,进而达到降低所述扬声器箱100的共振现象及改善失真。
具体通过对所述弹性盖板5的材料、面积、形状和厚度进行设计以实现上述目的。本实施方式中,所述弹性盖板5使用杨氏模量或强度较低的材料制成,至少低于所述上盖12的杨氏模量或强度,比如使用为TPU或MCP或硅胶制成。再通过双色注塑或热压或粘贴或超声波焊接形成固定连接,形成前腔131的部分结构,吸收所述扬声器箱100的所述前腔131谐振峰附近的能量,达到降低谐振峰、改善失真、提高所述扬声器箱100的声学性能的目的。弹性盖板5可根据需要吸收的谐振频率范围进行设计调整。特定的谐振频率即为设定的需要吸收的谐振频率范围。
请参阅图3,为本发明扬声器箱的弹性盖板与相关技术的刚性壁的频响曲线图。由图3中可见,本发明扬声器箱100的所述弹性盖板5的频响曲线中,谐振峰明显降低,即可降低共振现象。
请参阅图4,为本发明扬声器箱的弹性盖板与相关技术的刚性壁的总谐波失真曲线图。由图4可见,本发明扬声器箱100的所述弹性盖板5的总谐波失真曲线中,失真尖峰明显降低,即可改善失真。
本发明的扬声器箱100中,所述弹性盖板5吸收谐振频率为500~15000Hz的振动:
所述弹性盖板5的谐振频率为500~1500Hz时,可降低所述扬声器箱100的低频谐振频率f0附近的失真、对应的f0/2附近的2次失真,以及f0/3附近的3次失真等;
所述弹性盖板5的谐振频率为1500~3000Hz时,可降低所述扬声器箱100的2000Hz附近的中频失真、对应的1000Hz附近2次失真,以及667Hz附近的3次失真等;
所述弹性盖板5的谐振频率为3000~9000Hz时,可降低所述扬声器箱100的高频谐振峰Fh附近的失真、对应的Fh/2附近2次失真,以及Fh/3附近的3次失真等;
所述弹性盖板5的谐振频率为9000~15000Hz时,可降低所述扬声器箱100的高频12000Hz附近的失真、对应的6000Hz附近2次失真,以及4000Hz附近的3次失真等。
请参阅图4,本发明扬声器箱的声学性能测试数据频响曲线图。结合实施数据及效果而言,本实施方式中,更优的,所述弹性盖板5吸收谐振频率为3000~9000Hz的振动,此时所述扬声器箱100的降低失真效果更好。
本实施方式中,所述弹性盖板5固定于所述上盖12且与所述振膜21正对设置。具体的,所述弹性盖板5与所述壳体1的所述上盖12通过双色注塑或热压或粘贴或超声波焊接形成固定连接。当然,二者固定方式并非限于此。
为了使所述通孔3可稳定泄露声压,所述弹性盖板5与所述壳体1的上盖12之间设有间隙,形成泄压空间。
比如,所述上盖12与所述振膜21相对的表面上朝向远离振膜21的方向凹陷形成凹槽7,所述凹槽7与所述通孔3连通,所述弹性盖板5固定在所述上盖12朝向振膜21的表面且覆盖所述凹槽7。所述凹槽7即形成所述间隙结构。
需要说明的是,所述弹性盖板5的设置是为了吸收所述前腔131的特定谐振频率能量,因此,所述弹性盖板5并非限于所述上述结构设置,位置也不限于上述方式。也可位于所述出声通道4内。
与相关技术相比,本发明的扬声器箱将所述前腔内设置杨氏模量或强度小于所述壳体的杨氏模量或强度的弹性盖板,用于吸收特定谐振频率下的振动,从而减弱所述扬声器箱的共振效果以及降低其失真,进而提高了所述扬声器箱的声学性能。
以上所述的仅是本发明的实施方式,在此应当指出,对于本领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明创造构思的前提下,还可以做出改进,但这些均属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (6)

1.一种扬声器箱,包括壳体和收容于所述壳体内的扬声器单体,所述扬声器单体包括用于振动发声的振膜,所述振膜与所述壳体间隔设置形成前声腔,所述扬声器箱还包括连通所述前声腔与外界的出声通道,所述前声腔与所述出声通道共同构成所述扬声器箱的前腔,其特征在于,所述壳体上对应所述前腔的位置设有贯穿壳体的通孔,所述扬声器箱还包括固定于所述壳体的靠近所述振膜一侧且覆盖所述通孔的弹性盖板,所述弹性盖板用于吸收特定谐振频率下的振动的能量,所述弹性盖板的杨氏模量或强度小于所述壳体的杨氏模量或强度,所述弹性盖板与所述壳体之间设有间隙,所述壳体包括下盖和与所述下盖共同围成收容空间的上盖,所述上盖与所述振膜相对的表面上朝向远离振膜的方向凹陷形成凹槽,所述凹槽与所述通孔连通,所述弹性盖板固定在所述上盖朝向所述振膜的表面且覆盖所述凹槽,所述凹槽形成所述间隙。
2.根据权利要求1所述的扬声器箱,其特征在于,所述扬声器单体固定于所述收容空间内,所述振膜与所述上盖围成所述前声腔,所述出声通道形成于所述上盖,所述通孔设于所述上盖,所述弹性盖板固定于所述上盖且与所述振膜正对设置。
3.根据权利要求1所述的扬声器箱,其特征在于,所述弹性盖板与所述壳体通过双色注塑或热压或粘贴或超声波焊接形成固定连接。
4.根据权利要求1-3任意一项所述的扬声器箱,其特征在于,所述特定谐振频率为500~15000Hz。
5.根据权利要求4所述的扬声器箱,其特征在于,所述特定谐振频率为3000~9000Hz。
6.根据权利要求1所述的扬声器箱,其特征在于,所述弹性盖板为TPU或MCP或硅胶制成。
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