WO2021175111A1 - 一种三层共挤锂离子电池隔膜的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种三层共挤锂离子电池隔膜的制备方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021175111A1
WO2021175111A1 PCT/CN2021/076429 CN2021076429W WO2021175111A1 WO 2021175111 A1 WO2021175111 A1 WO 2021175111A1 CN 2021076429 W CN2021076429 W CN 2021076429W WO 2021175111 A1 WO2021175111 A1 WO 2021175111A1
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Prior art keywords
driven shaft
box body
box
shaft
diaphragm
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PCT/CN2021/076429
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王红兵
唐浩林
边红兵
Original Assignee
武汉惠强新能源材料科技有限公司
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Application filed by 武汉惠强新能源材料科技有限公司 filed Critical 武汉惠强新能源材料科技有限公司
Priority to DE112021001401.3T priority Critical patent/DE112021001401T5/de
Priority to KR1020217041851A priority patent/KR20220150196A/ko
Priority to US17/908,523 priority patent/US20230170578A1/en
Publication of WO2021175111A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021175111A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C71/00—After-treatment of articles without altering their shape; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C71/02—Thermal after-treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/16—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers
    • B29C48/18—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/001—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations
    • B29C48/0017—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations combined with blow-moulding or thermoforming
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/001—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations
    • B29C48/0018—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations combined with shaping by orienting, stretching or shrinking, e.g. film blowing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/022—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/07—Flat, e.g. panels
    • B29C48/08—Flat, e.g. panels flexible, e.g. films
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/14—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the particular extruding conditions, e.g. in a modified atmosphere or by using vibration
    • B29C48/146—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the particular extruding conditions, e.g. in a modified atmosphere or by using vibration in the die
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/16—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers
    • B29C48/18—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers
    • B29C48/21—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers the layers being joined at their surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/88—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
    • B29C48/911—Cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C55/00—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C55/02—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C55/00—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C55/02—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets
    • B29C55/04—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets uniaxial, e.g. oblique
    • B29C55/06—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets uniaxial, e.g. oblique parallel with the direction of feed
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/403—Manufacturing processes of separators, membranes or diaphragms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/403—Manufacturing processes of separators, membranes or diaphragms
    • H01M50/406—Moulding; Embossing; Cutting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
    • H01M50/411—Organic material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
    • H01M50/411—Organic material
    • H01M50/414—Synthetic resins, e.g. thermoplastics or thermosetting resins
    • H01M50/417—Polyolefins
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
    • H01M50/449—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material having a layered structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
    • H01M50/449—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material having a layered structure
    • H01M50/457—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material having a layered structure comprising three or more layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C71/00—After-treatment of articles without altering their shape; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C71/02—Thermal after-treatment
    • B29C2071/022—Annealing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92009—Measured parameter
    • B29C2948/92209—Temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92323—Location or phase of measurement
    • B29C2948/92361—Extrusion unit
    • B29C2948/9238—Feeding, melting, plasticising or pumping zones, e.g. the melt itself
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
    • B29C2948/9258—Velocity
    • B29C2948/9259—Angular velocity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
    • B29C2948/92704—Temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2023/00—Use of polyalkenes or derivatives thereof as moulding material
    • B29K2023/10—Polymers of propylene
    • B29K2023/12—PP, i.e. polypropylene
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of lithium ion battery diaphragms, and specifically is a method for preparing three-layer co-extruded lithium ion battery diaphragms.
  • Separator plays a role in separating positive and negative electrodes, isolating electron conduction and providing channels for lithium ion transmission in lithium ion batteries. It is a key material that determines the internal interface structure, internal resistance, capacity, cycle performance, and especially safety performance of lithium batteries. Under overcharge/overdischarge or other extreme conditions, the internal temperature of a lithium battery will rise rapidly. When the internal temperature of the battery is close to the melting point of the separator pore-forming material, the pore-forming material will soften and undergo closed-cell behavior, thereby blocking ion transmission and forming a circuit breaker. It plays a role of safety protection. However, because the closed cell temperature and melting temperature of the single-layer separator are the same, the temperature of the separator increases sharply while the cell is closed. Contact, causing short circuit and explosion.
  • the core of the coil-like structure diaphragm is easily heated and unevenly cooled during annealing, which causes the quality of the diaphragm to decrease, and even unqualified phenomenon, and the annealing process requires accurate temperature changes within a specified time range. Relying solely on room temperature cooling is difficult to meet the processing requirements.
  • the diaphragm processing plant is located in summer or winter, the temperature will also change significantly. Therefore, these external environmental changes will have serious impacts on the production of diaphragms.
  • the company designed and developed a three-layer co-extruded lithium-ion battery separator preparation method, using a special annealing box to solve the above technical problems.
  • the core of the coil-like structure diaphragm is easily heated and unevenly cooled during annealing, which in turn causes the quality of the diaphragm to decrease, and even the unqualified phenomenon occurs, and the annealing process is required to be specified
  • Accurate temperature changes within the time range it is difficult to meet the processing requirements simply relying on room temperature cooling.
  • the temperature will also change significantly. Therefore, these external environmental changes will cause serious diaphragm production.
  • the present invention proposes a method for preparing a three-layer co-extruded lithium-ion battery separator.
  • the technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: a preparation method of a three-layer co-extruded lithium ion battery separator, the preparation method comprising the following steps:
  • S1 First, add two different polypropylene resins to the inlets of two different extruders to melt and plasticize.
  • the temperature of the conveying section is 60 ⁇ 70°C
  • the temperature of the compression section is 150 ⁇ 200°C
  • the temperature of the metering section is 200 ⁇ 230°C
  • the speed is 100 ⁇ 250rpm;
  • S2 The two different polypropylene resins obtained after melting and plasticizing in S1 are simultaneously co-extruded from the three-layer composite casting die of the three-layer co-extrusion casting machine, and drawn into a film at a high draft ratio , To obtain a cast film with an A/B/A three-layer co-extruded structure;
  • S3 Place the cast film with the A/B/A three-layer co-extruded structure in an annealing box and perform annealing treatment.
  • the annealing temperature is 130-150°C and the time is 1-24h;
  • the annealing box used in S3 includes a box body, a motor and a sealing cover; the box body is a rectangular parallelepiped structure design; the inside of the box body is provided with a cavity; the inner surface of the box body is fixed with uniformly arranged Heating plate; the inside of the box body is horizontally provided with a driving shaft in the front and rear direction; the inside of the box body is provided with a first driven shaft at the left side of the driving shaft; the inside of the box body is on the right side of the driving shaft
  • the position is provided with a second driven shaft; the driving shaft, the first driven shaft, and the second driven shaft are all rotatably connected with the housing through a bearing, and the front ends of the first driven shaft and the second driven shaft
  • the surface passes through the box body and extends to the outside of the box; the front face of the box body is fixedly connected with a power box cover; the front face of the power box cover is fixedly connected with a motor; the output shaft of the motor passes through the power box cover , And
  • the power supply will heat the heating plate to realize the box
  • the internal temperature of the body is heated, and then the motor is started.
  • the output shaft of the motor rotates. On the one hand, it will drive the drive shaft to rotate. On the other hand, it will drive the drive belt to move through the drive turntable, which in turn drives the rotation of the driven turntable to realize the first driven shaft.
  • the rotation of the output shaft of the motor will drive the rotation of the driving gear, the driving gear will then drive the driven gear to rotate, and the driven gear will then drive the reverse rotation of the second driven shaft. This can realize the synchronous winding and separation of the diaphragm and the interlayer film.
  • the interlayer film has better thermal conductivity than the diaphragm, so it can ensure that the diaphragm is evenly heated, and through the positive and negative rotation of the motor, the alignment between the active shaft and the second slave can be realized.
  • the winding between the moving shafts effectively ensures the rapid heating and uniform cooling of the diaphragm.
  • the annealing temperature can be controlled and the external environment is isolated. The influence of the external environment on the diaphragm is avoided, and the uniformity of the heating of the diaphragm is ensured. Therefore, the quality of the produced diaphragm is stable, which is convenient for large-scale rapid production requirements.
  • the outer arc surfaces of the first driven shaft and the second driven shaft are both rotatably connected with a collar; the diaphragm and the interlayer film are both wound on the outer arc surface of the corresponding collar; the first The outer arc surfaces of the driven shaft and the second driven shaft are provided with stepped grooves at the corresponding collar positions; the bottom of the stepped groove is provided with an adjusting groove; the inside of the adjusting groove is provided with an adjusting plate; The side of the adjusting plate and the opposite side of the corresponding collar are designed with a rough surface structure; when working, when the first driven shaft and the second driven shaft rotate, the interlayer film and the diaphragm will be wound at this time, or the The interlayer film and diaphragm wound on the surface are moved into the surface of the driving shaft to realize the alternate winding of the diaphragm between the driving shaft and the second driven shaft.
  • the high temperature in the box will cause the diaphragm to produce a certain amount.
  • the softening or shrinking of the film will be carried out in the later stage of the cast film for longitudinal cold stretching and hot stretching for subsequent processing.
  • the active shaft and the second The tension stress of the diaphragm between the driven shafts is increased by setting the collar and the adjusting plate; when the diaphragm is wound on the surface of the collar, the contraction of the diaphragm will produce a tangential tension on the collar, because the second driven shaft
  • the collar will produce relative rotation with the first driven shaft or the second driven shaft to realize the release of the tangential tensile stress generated by the contraction of the diaphragm, and avoid the influence of excessive contraction stress
  • the adjusting plate and the corresponding adjusting groove are connected by hinges; springs are connected between both sides of the adjusting plate and the corresponding adjusting groove; the inner arc surface of the collar is at the position of the adjusting plate A strip groove is provided, and the adjusting plate and the strip groove are in contact and connected; the small diameter of the collar is larger than the outer diameter of the first driven shaft or the second driven shaft; the first driven shaft and the second driven shaft
  • the position of the moving shaft near the two ends of the corresponding collar is provided with guide grooves; the positions of the collar and the corresponding guide grooves are all designed with a guiding convex surface structure; the first driven shaft and the second driven shaft are opposite to the corresponding
  • the arc surface of the guide groove is provided with evenly arranged rolling grooves; the inside of the rolling grooves are all connected with rolling balls, and the balls and the groove bottom of the corresponding guide groove are rolling connected; when working, when passing through the adjusting plate and the collar The frictional force between the diaphragm realizes the automatic release and adjustment
  • the adjusting plate On the one hand, long-term use, the rough surface of the collar and the adjusting plate will be greatly worn, and the friction coefficient will change, making the diaphragm and the interlayer film easy to be wound during the normal winding process.
  • the relative rotation between the collar and the first driven shaft or the second driven shaft occurs, which affects the normal use of the annealing box.
  • the collar On the other hand, the collar is in direct contact with the first driven shaft or the second driven shaft. Larger contact surface will also produce greater friction, which will cause greater interference to the normal adjustment of the adjusting plate. Therefore, by setting springs and balls, adjusting plate hinges and spring retracting force, the adjusting plate will be located under normal conditions.
  • the adjusting plate when the tangential pull force of the diaphragm or the interlayer film on the collar is large, the adjusting plate will rotate and the spring will be deformed. When the adjusting plate rotates greatly, it will move to the adjacent In the strip-shaped groove, the relative rotation adjustment between the collar and the first driven shaft or the second driven shaft is realized, and in order to effectively reduce the influence of the rotation contact surface adjustment, the guide groove is started and the collar In the rotating connection and the guide groove, the rolling connection between the sleeve ring and the first driven shaft and the second driven shaft is realized by setting the ball between the sleeve ring and the groove bottom of the guide groove, which greatly reduces the frictional force , Increase the accuracy of adjustment.
  • the material of the interlayer film is a thermally conductive graphite film material design; when working, by using the thermally conductive graphite film material for the interlayer film, the effect of heat conduction and heat dissipation is relatively good, and compared with ordinary thermally conductive materials, the box can be quickly removed.
  • the temperature in the body is introduced into the core of the roll-shaped diaphragm, which realizes the rapid and uniform heating of the diaphragm, and ensures the uniformity and stability of the quality of the same-volume diaphragm.
  • the inside of the driving shaft, the first driven shaft, and the second driven shaft are provided with heat conducting holes in the front and rear directions; the inside of the heat conducting holes are all conducted with high-pressure hot steam; during operation, due to any heat conducting material There will be a certain amount of thermal energy loss and time period in the process of conduction.
  • heat conduction holes are opened inside the driving shaft, the first driven shaft and the second driven shaft, and the heat conducting holes are passed through High-pressure hot steam is introduced into the inside of the film, which can quickly heat the inside of the diaphragm and the interlayer film to ensure the rapid heating of the core.
  • the upper surface of the box body is provided with two temperature control ports; above the temperature control hole on the left side, a condenser is connected through a pipe, and the condenser is fixedly connected to the left side of the box body;
  • the upper position of the temperature control hole is fixedly connected with an exhaust pipe; the inside of the exhaust pipe is rotated and connected with fan blades; during operation, due to annealing requirements, the temperature inside the box needs to be slowly cooled, so the inside of the box is relatively relatively Sealing is not conducive to heat dissipation. Therefore, by setting the exhaust pipe and fan blades, the temperature in the box can be dissipated as required by adjusting the speed of the fan blades.
  • the condenser can achieve a rapid cooling effect on the one hand to meet the requirements.
  • the condenser can ensure that the temperature is reduced to the specified temperature range to ensure that the annealing requirements are met.
  • the outer arc surface of the exhaust pipe is threadedly connected with a sealing cover; when the heating plate is in operation, the temperature control port opened above the box is open, which is not conducive to rapid heating and heat preservation in the box. Therefore, by screwing the sealing cover on the outer arc surface of the exhaust pipe, the box can be effectively sealed by the sealing cover.
  • the upper surface of the exhaust pipe is provided with an annular sealing groove; the inside of the sealing groove is fixedly connected with a sealing ring; the inside of the sealing cover is provided with a heat insulation cavity; the inside of the heat insulation cavity is provided There is aerogel felt; in order to further ensure the sealing and heat insulation of the sealing cover, the upper surface of the exhaust pipe is opened with a ring-shaped sealing groove, and the sealing ring in the ring-shaped sealing groove is used to ensure the sealing performance of the sealing cover. Effective airtightness, by arranging aerogel felt in the heat insulation cavity of the sealing cover, the heat insulation of the sealing cover position is ensured, and the heat loss inside the box body is reduced.
  • the method for preparing a three-layer co-extruded lithium ion battery diaphragm is arranged by installing a box body, a motor and a sealing cover; and is evenly arranged through the inner surface of the box body
  • the drive shaft is horizontally arranged in the front and rear directions of the box.
  • the inside of the box is provided with a first driven shaft on the left side of the drive shaft, and the inside of the box is provided with a second driven shaft on the right side of the drive shaft.
  • the interlayer film is wound between the driving shaft and the first driven shaft at the inner position of the box body, and the interlayer film is connected in a horizontal manner, and the diaphragm is wound between the driving shaft and the second driven shaft at the inner position of the box body, and The diaphragm is connected obliquely; through a preparation method of a three-layer co-extruded lithium-ion battery diaphragm and the annealing box used in the method, it solves the problem that the core of the coil-shaped diaphragm is easily heated and unevenly cooled in the prior art. In turn, the quality of the diaphragm is reduced, or even unqualified, and the annealing process requires an accurate temperature change within a specified time range.
  • the annealing temperature is controllable, the external environment is isolated, and the impact of the external environment on the diaphragm is avoided to ensure that the diaphragm is heated. Uniformity, so the quality of the produced diaphragm is stable, which is convenient for large-scale rapid production requirements.
  • the annealing box used in the method is provided with an exhaust duct, a sealing cover and a condenser, and two openings are provided on the upper surface of the box.
  • the internal rotation connects the fan blades, and the outer arc surface of the exhaust pipe is screwed to the sealing cover; therefore, by setting the exhaust pipe and the fan blades, the temperature in the box can be dissipated as required by adjusting the speed of the fan blades.
  • the condenser can play a role of rapid cooling and meet the requirements of rapid cooling products.
  • the temperature is relatively high, which can ensure that the temperature is reduced to the specified temperature range and meet the requirements of annealing.
  • Figure 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is an external view of the annealing box used in the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a perspective view of the annealing box used in the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a top view of the annealing box used in the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a partial enlarged view of A in Fig. 3;
  • FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the second driven shaft of the annealing box used in the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view at B-B in Figure 6;
  • box body 1 heating plate 11, sealing door 12, control box 13, motor 2, driving shaft 21, first driven shaft 22, second driven shaft 23, power box cover 24, driving gear 25, slave Moving gear 26, transmission belt 27, interlayer film 28, diaphragm 29, sealing cover 3, condenser 31, exhaust duct 32, fan blade 33, sealing ring 34, aerogel felt 35, collar 36, adjusting plate 37, The spring 38 and the ball 39.
  • the method for preparing a three-layer co-extruded lithium ion battery separator according to the present invention includes the following steps:
  • S1 First, add two different polypropylene resins to the inlets of two different extruders to melt and plasticize.
  • the temperature of the conveying section is 60 ⁇ 70°C
  • the temperature of the compression section is 150 ⁇ 200°C
  • the temperature of the metering section is 200 ⁇ 230°C
  • the speed is 100 ⁇ 250rpm;
  • S2 The two different polypropylene resins obtained after melting and plasticizing in S1 are simultaneously co-extruded from the three-layer composite casting die of the three-layer co-extrusion casting machine, and drawn into a film at a high draft ratio , To obtain a cast film with an A/B/A three-layer co-extruded structure;
  • S3 Place the cast film with the A/B/A three-layer co-extruded structure in an annealing box and perform annealing treatment.
  • the annealing temperature is 130-150°C and the time is 1-24h;
  • the annealing box used in S3 includes a box body 1, a motor 2 and a sealing cover 3; the box body 1 is a rectangular parallelepiped structure design; the box body 1 is provided with a cavity; the inner surface of the box body 1 A uniformly arranged heating plate 11 is fixedly connected; the inside of the box 1 is horizontally provided with a driving shaft 21 in the front-to-rear direction; the inside of the box 1 is provided with a first driven shaft 22 at the left side of the driving shaft 21; The inside of the box 1 is provided with a second driven shaft 23 on the right side of the driving shaft 21; the driving shaft 21, the first driven shaft 22, and the second driven shaft 23 are all between the box 1 The front end surfaces of the first driven shaft 22 and the second driven shaft 23 both pass through the box body 1 and extend to the outside of the box; the front end surface of the box body 1 is fixedly connected with a power box cover 24; The front end of the power box cover 24 is fixedly connected with the motor 2; the output shaft of the motor 2 passes through the power box
  • the uneven cooling causes the quality of the diaphragm 29 to decrease, and even unqualified problems occur.
  • the annealing process requires accurate temperature changes within a specified time range. It is difficult to meet the processing requirements solely relying on room temperature cooling. At the same time, when the diaphragm 29 processing plant is located In summer or winter, the temperature will also change significantly. Therefore, these external environmental changes will have a serious impact on the production of the diaphragm 29.
  • the annealing box In order to reduce the impact of environmental changes on the production of the diaphragm 29 and ensure the stability of the quality of the diaphragm 29, In the annealing box, first open the sealed door 12, wind the diaphragm 29 on the second driven shaft 23, then connect the end of the diaphragm 29 to the driving shaft 21, and cooperate with the interlayer film 28 that has been wound to realize the driving shaft 21 Synchronize winding, then close the sealed door 12 and turn on the power supply. First, the power supply will heat the heating plate 11 to heat the internal temperature of the box 1. Then the motor 2 is started, and the output shaft of the motor 2 rotates.
  • the driving shaft 21 is driven to rotate, and on the other hand, the driving belt 27 is driven to move through the driving turntable, which in turn drives the driven turntable to rotate, and realizes the rotation of the first driven shaft 22. Rotate in the same direction.
  • the rotation of the output shaft of the motor 2 will drive the rotation of the driving gear 25, the driving gear 25 in turn drives the driven gear 26 to rotate, and the driven gear 26 in turn drives the second driven shaft 23 to rotate in the reverse direction.
  • the synchronous winding and separation of the diaphragm 29 and the interlayer film 28, the interlayer film 28 has better thermal conductivity than the diaphragm 29, so it can ensure that the diaphragm 29 is evenly heated, and through the forward and reverse rotation of the motor 2, the alignment between the drive shaft 21 and the The winding between the second driven shaft 23 effectively guarantees the rapid heating and uniform cooling of the diaphragm 29.
  • a method for preparing a three-layer co-extruded lithium ion battery diaphragm and the annealing box used in the method solve the problem.
  • the core of the diaphragm 29 with a roll-like structure is easily heated and unevenly cooled, which in turn causes the quality of the diaphragm 29 to decrease, and even unqualified phenomena.
  • the annealing process requires accurate temperature changes within a specified time range. Cooling at room temperature is difficult to meet the processing requirements. At the same time, when the diaphragm 29 processing plant is located in summer or winter, the temperature will also change significantly. Therefore, these external environmental changes will have a serious impact on the production of the diaphragm 29 and other problems. Annealing is achieved.
  • the temperature is controllable, the external environment is isolated, the influence of the external environment on the diaphragm 29 is avoided, and the uniformity of the heating of the diaphragm 29 is ensured. Therefore, the produced diaphragm 29 has stable quality, which is convenient for large-scale rapid production requirements.
  • the outer arc surfaces of the first driven shaft 22 and the second driven shaft 23 are both rotatably connected with a collar 36; the diaphragm 29 and the interlayer film 28 are both wound around the corresponding sleeve.
  • the outer arc surface of the ring 36; the outer arc surfaces of the first driven shaft 22 and the second driven shaft 23 are provided with stepped grooves at the corresponding positions of the collar 36; the groove bottom position of the stepped groove is provided Adjusting groove; inside the adjusting groove is provided with an adjusting plate 37; the side of the adjusting plate 37 and the opposite side of the corresponding collar 36 are designed with a rough surface structure; when working, when the first driven shaft 22 and the second driven shaft When the moving shaft 23 rotates, the interlayer film 28 and the diaphragm 29 will be wound at this time, or the interlayer film 28 and the diaphragm 29 wound on its surface will be moved and rolled onto the surface of the driving shaft 21 to realize the alignment of the diaphragm 29 on the driving shaft 21 and The alternate winding between the second driven shaft 23, but due to the annealing factor, the high temperature in the box 1 will cause the diaphragm 29 to soften or shrink to a certain extent, which will be longitudinally cold stretched in the later cast film, Thermal
  • the adjusting plate 37 and the corresponding adjusting groove are connected by hinges; the adjusting plate 37 and the two sides of the corresponding adjusting groove are connected with springs 38; the sleeve
  • the inner arc surface of the ring 36 is provided with a strip groove at the position of the adjusting plate 37, and the adjusting plate 37 is in contact with the strip groove;
  • the minor diameter of the collar 36 is larger than the first driven shaft 22 or the second driven shaft 23
  • the outer diameter of the first driven shaft 22 and the second driven shaft 23 close to the two end surfaces of the corresponding collar 36 are provided with guide grooves;
  • the collar 36 and the corresponding guide groove positions are guided convex structure Design;
  • the first driven shaft 22 and the second driven shaft 23 are provided with evenly arranged rolling grooves on one side arc surface of the corresponding guide groove;
  • the inside of the rolling grooves are all connected with rolling balls 39, and the balls 39 and the groove bottom of the corresponding guide groove; during operation, when the friction between the adjusting plate 37 and the collar 36 realizes
  • the rough surface of 37 is greatly worn, and the friction coefficient will change, making it easy to appear between the collar 36 and the first driven shaft 22 or the second driven shaft 23 during the normal winding process of the diaphragm 29 and the interlayer film 28.
  • the relative rotation of the annealing box affects the normal use of the annealing box.
  • the adjusting plate 37 When the tangential pulling force of the diaphragm 29 or the interlayer film 28 on the collar 36 is large, the adjusting plate 37 will rotate and the spring 38 will be deformed. When the adjusting plate 37 rotates greatly, it will move to the adjacent strip.
  • the guide groove In the groove, the relative rotation adjustment between the collar 36 and the first driven shaft 22 or the second driven shaft 23 is realized, and in order to effectively reduce the influence of the rotation contact face adjustment, the guide groove is started and the sleeve is The ring 36 is rotatably connected with the guide groove.
  • a rolling connection between the ring 36 and the first driven shaft 22 and the second driven shaft 23 is realized by arranging a ball 39 between the collar 36 and the bottom of the guide groove. The friction is greatly reduced, and the adjustment accuracy is increased.
  • the material of the interlayer film 28 is a thermally conductive graphite film material design; when working, by using the thermally conductive graphite film material for the interlayer film 28, the effect of heat conduction and heat dissipation is better, compared to ordinary materials.
  • the heat-conducting material can quickly introduce the temperature in the box 1 into the core of the coiled diaphragm 29, realize the rapid and uniform heating of the diaphragm 29, and ensure the uniformity and stability of the quality of the diaphragm 29 of the same coil.
  • the inside of the driving shaft 21, the first driven shaft 22, and the second driven shaft 23 are all provided with heat conducting holes in the front and back direction; the inside of the heat conducting holes are all conducted with high-pressure hot steam ;
  • any thermal conductive material will have a certain amount of heat loss and time period during the conduction process, in order to further promote the heating of the core of the diaphragm 29, the first driven shaft 22 and the second driven shaft 21
  • a heat conduction hole is provided in the shaft 23, and high-pressure hot steam is introduced into the heat conduction hole, which can quickly heat the inside of the diaphragm 29 and the interlayer film 28 to ensure the rapid heating of the core.
  • the upper surface of the box body 1 is provided with two temperature control ports; above the temperature control hole on the left side, a condenser 31 is connected through a pipe, and the condenser 31 is fixedly connected to the box.
  • the left side of the body 1; the upper position of the temperature control hole on the right side is fixedly connected with an exhaust pipe 32; the inside of the exhaust pipe 32 is rotatably connected with a fan 33; when working, due to annealing requirements, the box 1
  • the internal temperature needs to be cooled slowly.
  • the exhaust pipe 32 and the fan 33 can be set, and the speed of the fan 33 can be adjusted to dissipate the temperature in the box as required.
  • Condenser 31 is provided. On the one hand, the condenser 31 can achieve a rapid cooling effect, meeting the requirements of rapid cooling products, and ensuring that the temperature is higher under summer production conditions, and the temperature can be reduced to the specified temperature range. Meet the requirements of annealing.
  • the outer arc surface of the exhaust pipe 32 is threadedly connected with a sealing cover 3; during operation, the heating plate 11 is in the heating process, because the temperature control port opened above the box body 1 is open. , It is not conducive to the rapid temperature rise and heat preservation in the box body 1, so by threading the sealing cover 3 on the outer arc surface of the exhaust pipe 32, the box body 1 can be effectively sealed by the sealing cover 3.
  • the upper surface of the exhaust pipe 32 is provided with an annular sealing groove; the inside of the sealing groove is fixedly connected with a sealing ring 34; the inside of the sealing cover 3 is provided with a heat insulation cavity
  • the inside of the heat insulation cavity is provided with an aerogel felt 35; during operation, in order to further ensure the sealing and heat insulation of the sealing cover 3, an annular sealing groove is provided on the upper surface of the exhaust pipe 32, and the ring
  • the sealing ring 34 in the shaped sealing groove ensures the effective sealing of the sealing cover 3.
  • the driving gear 25 in turn drives the driven gear 26 to rotate, and the driven gear 26 in turn drives the second driven shaft 23 to rotate in the opposite direction. Therefore, synchronous winding and separation of the diaphragm 29 and the interlayer film 28 can be realized.
  • the interlayer film 28 has It is better than the thermal conductivity of the diaphragm 29, so it can ensure that the diaphragm 29 is evenly heated, and through the forward and reverse rotation of the motor 2, the winding between the driving shaft 21 and the second driven shaft 23 can be realized, effectively ensuring the diaphragm 29 29 rapid heating and uniform cooling; by setting the collar 36 and the adjusting plate 37; when the diaphragm 29 is wound on the surface of the collar 36, the contraction of the diaphragm 29 will generate a tangential pulling force on the collar 36, due to the second driven shaft An adjusting plate 37 is provided between 23 and the collar 36, and the opposite side of the adjusting plate 37 and the corresponding collar 36 are designed with a rough surface structure; when the diaphragm 29 contracts
  • the film 28 uses a thermally conductive graphite film material, which has a better heat conduction and heat dissipation effect.
  • the temperature in the box 1 can be quickly introduced into the core of the coiled diaphragm 29, and the diaphragm 29 is realized. Heat quickly and evenly; by opening heat conduction holes inside the first driven shaft 22 and the second driven shaft 23 of the driving shaft 21, and introducing high-pressure hot steam through the heat conducting holes, the diaphragm 29 can be quickly heated The interior of the sandwich film 28 and the sandwich film 28 are quickly heated to ensure rapid heating of the winding core; by setting the exhaust duct 32 and the fan 33, by adjusting the speed of the fan 33, the temperature in the box can be dissipated as required, and the condenser can be set at the same time. 31.
  • the condenser 31 can play a role in rapid cooling, meeting the requirements of rapid cooling products, and at the same time ensuring that the temperature is higher under summer production conditions, and the temperature can be reduced to the specified temperature range.
  • the upper surface of the tube 32 is provided with an annular sealing groove.
  • the sealing ring 34 in the annular sealing groove ensures the effective sealing of the sealing cover 3, and the aerogel felt 35 is arranged in the heat insulation cavity of the sealing cover 3 to ensure The heat insulation of the sealing cover 3 position.
  • the annealing temperature is 145°C and the time is 24h. According to the annealing conditions, the two diaphragms prepared are tested for sampling performance, and the average value is taken. It is required to adopt GB standard method and perform performance test with Sansi tensile machine, Gurley breather, Rili S300 scanning electron microscope and other instruments.
  • the annealing temperature is 145°C and the time is 24h.
  • the two diaphragms prepared are tested for sampling performance To take the average value, it is required to adopt the GB standard method and perform the performance test with the Sansi tensile machine, Gurley breather, Rili S300 scanning electron microscope and other instruments.
  • the three-layer co-extruded lithium ion battery separator prepared by the present invention has excellent tensile properties.
  • the annealing box of the present invention is used for annealing, the performance of the obtained separator is greatly improved compared with ordinary annealing equipment.
  • the tensile strength can reach more than 150Mpa, which can meet the needs of a large number of users; and the puncture strength reaches more than 500gf, which can better avoid the phenomenon of puncture when assembling the battery;
  • the thermal shrinkage rate is much lower than that obtained by traditional annealing
  • the air permeability and porosity are also within the appropriate range, which can better meet the performance of lithium electronic batteries, compared with no annealing treatment
  • the annealing box provided by the present invention has better performance in the production of three-layer co-extruded lithium-ion battery diaphragms. Good promotion and application value.

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Abstract

本发明属于锂离子电池隔膜技术领域，具体的说是一种三层共挤锂离子电池隔膜的制备方法，该方法中所使用的退火箱，包括箱体、电机和密封盖；所述箱体的内表面固连有均匀布置的加热板；所述箱体的内部前后方向水平设有主动轴；所述箱体的内部于主动轴的左右两侧位置分别设有第一从动轴和第二从动轴；所述主动轴和第一从动轴之间于箱体的内部位置卷连有夹层膜，且夹层膜水平方式连接；所述主动轴和第二从动轴之间于箱体的内部位置卷连有隔膜，且隔膜斜向连接；通过本发明有效的实现了退火温度可控，隔绝了外部环境，避免了外部环境对隔膜的影响，保证了隔膜受热的均匀性，因此生产出来的隔膜质量稳定，便于进行大规模的快速生产要求。

Description

一种三层共挤锂离子电池隔膜的制备方法 技术领域
本发明属于锂离子电池隔膜技术领域，具体的说是一种三层共挤锂离子电池隔膜的制备方法。
 背景技术
隔膜在锂离子电池中起到分隔正负极、隔绝电子传导及给锂离子传递提供通道的作用，是决定锂电池内界面结构、内阻、容量、循环性能，特别是安全性能的关键材料，在过充/过放或其它极端条件下，锂电池内部温度会极速上升，当电池内部温度接近隔膜成孔材料熔点时，成孔材料会软化并发生闭孔行为，从而阻断离子传输形成断路，起到安全保护的作用，但是，单层材质的隔膜由于闭孔温度和熔化温度相同，隔膜在闭孔的同时由于温度急剧升高，反应不及极易导致破膜，从而引起电池正负极直接接触，造成短路和爆炸。
 技术问题
同时现有技术中，卷状结构隔膜的卷心在退火是容易受热和冷却不均匀，进而造成隔膜的品质下降，甚至出现不合格现象，且退火过程要求在规定时间范围内温度准确的变化，单纯依靠室温冷却难以满足加工要求，同时当该隔膜加工厂位于夏季或冬季时，温度也会存在较大的变化，因此这些外部环境变化均会对隔膜生产产生严重的影响等问题。
鉴于此，为了克服上述技术问题，本公司设计研发了一种三层共挤锂离子电池隔膜的制备方法，采用了特殊的退火箱，解决了上述技术问题。
 技术解决方案
为了弥补现有技术的不足，解决现有技术中，卷状结构隔膜的卷心在退火是容易受热和冷却不均匀，进而造成隔膜的品质下降，甚至出现不合格现象，且退火过程要求在规定时间范围内温度准确的变化，单纯依靠室温冷却难以满足加工要求，同时当该隔膜加工厂位于夏季或冬季时，温度也会存在较大的变化，因此这些外部环境变化均会对隔膜生产产生严重的影响等问题，本发明提出一种三层共挤锂离子电池隔膜的制备方法。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：一种三层共挤锂离子电池隔膜的制备方法，该制备方法包括以下步骤：
S1：首先将两种不同的聚丙烯树脂分别加入两个不同挤出机入口中熔融塑化，其中输送段温度为60～70℃，压缩段温度为150～200℃，计量段温度为200～230℃，转速为100～250rpm；
S2：将S1中熔融塑化后的两种不同的得到的聚丙烯树脂同步从三层共挤流延机的三层复合流延模头中共挤出，并在高倍牵伸比下牵引成膜，得到具有A/B/A三层共挤结构的流延膜；
S3：将上述具有A/B/A三层共挤结构的流延膜置于退火箱，进行退火处理，退火温度为130～150℃，时间为1～24h；
S4：对上述退火处理后的流延膜进行纵向冷拉伸、热拉伸，形成多孔膜结构，制备出具有微孔结构和A/B/A三层共挤结构的隔膜，最后将所得多孔膜经热定型后冷却至室温；
其中S3中所使用的退火箱包括箱体、电机和密封盖；所述箱体为长方体结构设计；所述箱体的内部开设有空腔；所述箱体的内表面固连有均匀布置的加热板；所述箱体的内部前后方向水平设有主动轴；所述箱体的内部于主动轴的左侧位置设有第一从动轴；所述箱体的内部于主动轴的右侧位置设有第二从动轴；所述主动轴、第一从动轴以及第二从动轴均与箱体之间通过轴承转动连接，且第一从动轴和第二从动轴的前端面均穿过箱体并延伸至箱外部；所述箱体的前端面固连有动力箱盖；所述动力箱盖的前端面固连有电机；所述电机的输出轴穿过动力箱盖，并延伸至动力箱盖内部，且电机的输出轴与主动轴的前端面之间固连接；所述电机的输出轴外弧面靠近电机的法兰面位置固连有主动齿轮；所述第二从动轴的外弧面于箱体的前方位置固连有从动齿轮，且主动齿轮和从动齿轮之间啮合连接；所述电机的输出轴的外弧面靠近箱体的前端面位置固连有主动转盘；所述第一从动轴的外弧面靠近第一从动齿轮的前端面位置固连有从动转盘；所述主动转盘和从动转盘之间连有传动皮带；所述主动轴和第一从动轴之间于箱体的内部位置卷连有夹层膜，且夹层膜水平方式连接；所述主动轴和第二从动轴之间于箱体的内部位置卷连有隔膜，且隔膜斜向连接；所述箱体于右上方棱边位置开设有开口；所述箱体于开口位置设有密封门；所述箱体的左侧侧面靠近箱体的前端面位置固连有控制箱；工作时，当需要对隔膜进行退火时，为了节约空间，隔膜往往为卷状结构，但是卷状结构容易造成隔膜受热和冷却的不均匀，进而造成隔膜的品质下降，甚至出现不合格问题，且退火过程要求在规定时间范围内温度准确的变化，单纯依靠室温冷却难以满足加工要求，同时当该隔膜加工厂位于夏季或冬季时，温度也会存在较大的变化，因此这些外部环境变化均会对隔膜生产产生严重的影响，为了减少环境变化对隔膜生产的影响，保证隔膜品质的稳定性，通过退火箱，首先打开密封门，将隔膜卷绕于第二从动轴，然后将隔膜的端头接入到主动轴上，配合已经缠绕好的夹层膜实现主动轴上同步卷绕，然后关闭密封门，接通电源，首先电源会对加热板进行加热，实现对箱体内部温度的加热，然后启动电机，电机的输出轴转动，一方面会带动主动轴转动，另一方面会通过主动转盘带动传动皮带运动，进而带动从动转盘的转动，实现第一从动轴的同向转动，同时电机的输出轴转动会带动主动齿轮的转动，主动齿轮进而带动从动齿轮转动，从动齿轮进而带动第二从动轴的逆向转动，因此可以实现对隔膜和夹层膜的同步缠绕和分离，夹层膜具有优于隔膜的导热性，因此可以保证保证隔膜均匀受热，且通过电机的正反转动，可以实现对在主动轴和第二从动轴之间的卷绕，有效的保证隔膜的快速受热和均匀降温，通过一种三层共挤锂离子电池隔膜的制备方法和该方法中所使用的退火箱，解决了现有技术中，卷状结构隔膜的卷心容易受热和冷却不均匀，进而造成隔膜的品质下降，甚至出现不合格现象，且退火过程要求在规定时间范围内温度准确的变化，单纯依靠室温冷却难以满足加工要求，同时当该隔膜加工厂位于夏季或冬季时，温度也会存在较大的变化，因此这些外部环境变化均会对隔膜生产产生严重的影响等问题，实现了退火温度可控，隔绝了外部环境，避免了外部环境对隔膜的影响，保证了隔膜受热的均匀性，因此生产出来的隔膜质量稳定，便于进行大规模的快速生产要求。
优选的，所述第一从动轴和第二从动轴的外弧面均转动连接有套环；所述隔膜和夹层膜均卷绕于对应套环的外弧面上；所述第一从动轴和第二从动轴的外弧面于对应的套环位置均开设有阶梯槽；所述阶梯槽的槽底位置开设有调节槽；所述调节槽的内部设有调节板；所述调节板与对应套环相对一侧侧面均为糙面结构设计；工作时，当第一从动轴和第二从动轴转动时，此时会对夹层膜和隔膜进行卷绕，或将其表面卷绕的夹层膜和隔膜移卷入主动轴表面，实现对隔膜在主动轴和第二从动轴之间的更替卷绕，但是由于退火的因素，箱体内的高温会使得隔膜产生一定的软化或收缩，这个会在后期流延膜中进行纵向冷拉伸、热拉伸进行后续处理，为了减少退火卷绕过程中对隔膜自然尺寸产生影响，或隔膜受热收缩，主动轴和第二从动轴之间的隔膜拉应力加大的问题，通过设置套环和调节板；当隔膜在套环表面卷绕时，隔膜收缩会对套环产生切向的拉力，由于第二从动轴和套环之间设有调节板，且调节板和对应套环相对一侧侧面均为糙面结构设计；当隔膜收缩产生的切向拉力大于调节板和对应套环之间的摩擦力时，套环会和第一从动轴或第二从动轴之间产生相对转动，实现对隔膜收缩产生的切向拉应力的释放，避免了收缩应力过大对隔膜质量产生影响。
优选的，所述调节板和对应的调节槽之间通过铰接方式连接；所述调节板和对应调节槽的两侧侧面之间均连有弹簧；所述套环的内弧面于调节板位置开设有条形槽，且调节板和条形槽接触连接；所述套环的小径均大于第一从动轴或第二从动轴的外径；所述第一从动轴和第二从动轴靠近对应套环的两端面位置均开设有导向槽；所述套环于对应的导向槽位置均为导向凸面结构设计；所述第一从动轴和第二从动轴相对于对应的导向槽一侧弧面开设有均匀布置的滚动槽；所述滚动槽的内部均滚动连接有滚珠，且滚珠和对应导向槽的槽底之间滚动连接；工作时，当通过调节板和套环之间的摩擦力实现隔膜收缩应力自动释放调节，一方面长期使用，套环和调节板的糙面出现较大的磨损，进而摩擦系数会发生变化，使得隔膜和夹层膜正常卷绕过程中容易出现套环和第一从动轴或第二从动轴之间的相对转动，影响退火箱的正常使用，另一方面套环和第一从动轴或第二从动轴之间直接接触，较大的接触面也会产生较大的摩擦力，对调节板正常的调节产生较大的干扰，因此通过设置弹簧和滚珠，通过调节板铰接以及弹簧的收拉力，正常条件下调节板会位于其中一个条形槽内，当隔膜或夹层膜对套环的切向拉力较大时，会使得调节板发生转动，并使弹簧产生变形，当调节板转动量较大时，会移动到相邻的条形槽内，实现套环与第一从动轴或第二从动轴之间的相对转动调节，且为了有效的减少转动接触面对调节的影响，因此通过开始导向槽，且套环转动连接与导向槽内，通过在套环和导向槽的槽底之间设置滚珠，实现套环和第一从动轴和第二从动轴之间的滚动连接，极大的减少了摩擦力，调高了调节的精度。
优选的，所述夹层膜的材料为导热石墨膜材料设计；工作时，通过将夹层膜采用导热石墨膜材料，其导热散热的效果较为优良，相较于普通的导热材料，可以快速的将箱体内的温度导入到卷状隔膜的卷心内部，实现了隔膜的快速均匀受热，保证了同卷隔膜的质量统一性和稳定性。
优选的，所述主动轴、第一从动轴以及第二从动轴的内部均前后方向开设有导热孔；所述导热孔的内部均导有高压热蒸汽；工作时，由于任何导热材料在传导的过程中均会有一定的热能损耗和时间周期，为了进一步促进隔膜的卷心受热，通过在主动轴、第一从动轴和第二从动轴的内部开设导热孔，通过向导热孔的内部导入高压的热蒸汽，可以快速的对隔膜和夹层膜的内部进行快速的加热，保证卷心的快速受热。
优选的，所述箱体的上表面开设有两个温控口；左侧所述温控孔的上方通过管道连有冷凝器，且冷凝器固连于箱体的左侧侧面；右侧所述温控孔的上方位置固连有排风管；所述排风管的内部转动连接有风叶；工作时，由于退火要求，箱体内部温度需要进行缓慢的降温，因此由于箱体内部较为密封不利于散热，因此通过设置排风管和风叶，通过调节风叶转速可以对箱内的温度按照要求进行散热，同时通过设置冷凝器，通过冷凝器一方面可以起到快速降温的作用，满足于快速降温产品类的要求，同时保证在夏季生产条件下，温度较高，可以保证温度降低到指定温度范围，保证满足退火的要求。
优选的，所述排风管的外弧面螺纹连接有密封盖；工作时，加热板在加热过程中，由于箱体上方开设的温控口为敞开式，不利于箱体内快速的升温以及保温性，因此通过在排风管的外弧面螺纹连接密封盖，通过密封盖可以有效的对箱体进行密封。
优选的，所述排风管的上表面开设有环状密封槽；所述密封槽的内部固连有密封圈；所述密封盖的内部开设有隔热腔；所述隔热腔的内部设有气凝胶毡；工作时，为了进一步保证密封盖的密封性和隔热性，通过在排风管的上表面开设环状密封槽，通过环状密封槽内的密封圈，保证密封盖的有效密封性，通过在密封盖的隔热腔内设置气凝胶毡，保证了密封盖位置的隔热性，减少了箱体内部热量的散失。
本发明的有益效果如下：
1.本发明所述的一种三层共挤锂离子电池隔膜的制备方法，该方法中所使用的退火箱，通过设置箱体、电机和密封盖；通过箱体的内表面固连均匀布置的加热板，箱体的内部前后方向水平设置主动轴，箱体的内部于主动轴的左侧位置设置第一从动轴，箱体的内部于主动轴的右侧位置设置第二从动轴，主动轴和第一从动轴之间于箱体的内部位置卷连夹层膜，且夹层膜水平方式连接，主动轴和第二从动轴之间于箱体的内部位置卷连隔膜，且隔膜斜向连接；通过一种三层共挤锂离子电池隔膜的制备方法和该方法中所使用的退火箱，解决了现有技术中，卷状结构隔膜的卷心容易受热和冷却不均匀，进而造成隔膜的品质下降，甚至出现不合格现象，且退火过程要求在规定时间范围内温度准确的变化，单纯依靠室温冷却难以满足加工要求，同时当该隔膜加工厂位于夏季或冬季时，温度也会存在较大的变化，因此这些外部环境变化均会对隔膜生产产生严重的影响等问题，实现了退火温度可控，隔绝了外部环境，避免了外部环境对隔膜的影响，保证了隔膜受热的均匀性，因此生产出来的隔膜质量稳定，便于进行大规模的快速生产要求。
2.本发明所述的一种三层共挤锂离子电池隔膜的制备方法，该方法中所使用的退火箱，通过设置排风管、密封盖和冷凝器，通过箱体的上表面开设两个温控口，左侧温控孔的上方通过管道连有冷凝器，且冷凝器固连于箱体的左侧侧面，右侧温控孔的上方位置固连排风管，排风管的内部转动连接风叶，排风管的外弧面螺纹连接密封盖；因此通过设置排风管和风叶，通过调节风叶转速可以对箱内的温度按照要求进行散热，同时通过设置冷凝器，通过冷凝器一方面可以起到快速降温的作用，满足于快速降温产品类的要求，另一方面在夏季生产条件下，温度较高，可以保证温度降低到指定温度范围，满足于退火的要求，同时通过在排风管的外弧面螺纹连接密封盖，通过密封盖可以有效的对箱体进行密封，确保了箱体内部快速的升温以及保温性。
 附图说明
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步说明。
图1是本发明的方法流程图
图2是本发明所使用的退火箱的外观图；
图3是本发明所使用的退火箱的立体图；
图4是本发明所使用的退火箱的俯视图；
图5是图3中A处的局部放大视图；
图6是本发明所使用的退火箱的第二从动轴立体图；
图7是图6中B-B处的剖视图；
图中：箱体1、加热板11、密封门12、控制箱13、电机2、主动轴21、第一从动轴22、第二从动轴23、动力箱盖24、主动齿轮25、从动齿轮26、传动皮带27、夹层膜28、隔膜29、密封盖3、冷凝器31、排风管32、风叶33、密封圈34、气凝胶毡35、套环36、调节板37、弹簧38、滚珠39。
 本发明的实施方式
为了使本发明实现的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解，下面结合具体实施方式，进一步阐述本发明。
如图1至图7所示，本发明所述的一种三层共挤锂离子电池隔膜的制备方法，该制备方法包括以下步骤：
S1：首先将两种不同的聚丙烯树脂分别加入两个不同挤出机入口中熔融塑化，其中输送段温度为60～70℃，压缩段温度为150～200℃，计量段温度为200～230℃，转速为100～250rpm；
S2：将S1中熔融塑化后的两种不同的得到的聚丙烯树脂同步从三层共挤流延机的三层复合流延模头中共挤出，并在高倍牵伸比下牵引成膜，得到具有A/B/A三层共挤结构的流延膜；
S3：将上述具有A/B/A三层共挤结构的流延膜置于退火箱，进行退火处理，退火温度为130～150℃，时间为1～24h；
S4：对上述退火处理后的流延膜进行纵向冷拉伸、热拉伸，形成多孔膜结构，制备出具有微孔结构和A/B/A三层共挤结构的隔膜29，最后将所得多孔膜经热定型后冷却至室温；
其中S3中所使用的退火箱包括箱体1、电机2和密封盖3；所述箱体1为长方体结构设计；所述箱体1的内部开设有空腔；所述箱体1的内表面固连有均匀布置的加热板11；所述箱体1的内部前后方向水平设有主动轴21；所述箱体1的内部于主动轴21的左侧位置设有第一从动轴22；所述箱体1的内部于主动轴21的右侧位置设有第二从动轴23；所述主动轴21、第一从动轴22以及第二从动轴23均与箱体1之间通过轴承转动连接，且第一从动轴22和第二从动轴23的前端面均穿过箱体1并延伸至箱外部；所述箱体1的前端面固连有动力箱盖24；所述动力箱盖24的前端面固连有电机2；所述电机2的输出轴穿过动力箱盖24，并延伸至动力箱盖24内部，且电机2的输出轴与主动轴21的前端面之间固连接；所述电机2的输出轴外弧面靠近电机2的法兰面位置固连有主动齿轮25；所述第二从动轴23的外弧面于箱体1的前方位置固连有从动齿轮26，且主动齿轮25和从动齿轮26之间啮合连接；所述电机2的输出轴的外弧面靠近箱体1的前端面位置固连有主动转盘；所述第一从动轴22的外弧面靠近第一从动齿轮26的前端面位置固连有从动转盘；所述主动转盘和从动转盘之间连有传动皮带27；所述主动轴21和第一从动轴22之间于箱体1的内部位置卷连有夹层膜28，且夹层膜28水平方式连接；所述主动轴21和第二从动轴23之间于箱体1的内部位置卷连有隔膜29，且隔膜29斜向连接；所述箱体1于右上方棱边位置开设有开口；所述箱体1于开口位置设有密封门12；所述箱体1的左侧侧面靠近箱体1的前端面位置固连有控制箱13；工作时，当需要对隔膜29进行退火时，为了节约空间，隔膜29往往为卷状结构，但是卷状结构容易造成隔膜29受热和冷却的不均匀，进而造成隔膜29的品质下降，甚至出现不合格问题，且退火过程要求在规定时间范围内温度准确的变化，单纯依靠室温冷却难以满足加工要求，同时当该隔膜29加工厂位于夏季或冬季时，温度也会存在较大的变化，因此这些外部环境变化均会对隔膜29生产产生严重的影响，为了减少环境变化对隔膜29生产的影响，保证隔膜29品质的稳定性，通过退火箱，首先打开密封门12，将隔膜29卷绕于第二从动轴23，然后将隔膜29的端头接入到主动轴21上，配合已经缠绕好的夹层膜28实现主动轴21上同步卷绕，然后关闭密封门12，接通电源，首先电源会对加热板11进行加热，实现对箱体1内部温度的加热，然后启动电机2，电机2的输出轴转动，一方面会带动主动轴21转动，另一方面会通过主动转盘带动传动皮带27运动，进而带动从动转盘的转动，实现第一从动轴22的同向转动，同时电机2的输出轴转动会带动主动齿轮25的转动，主动齿轮25进而带动从动齿轮26转动，从动齿轮26进而带动第二从动轴23的逆向转动，因此可以实现对隔膜29和夹层膜28的同步缠绕和分离，夹层膜28具有优于隔膜29的导热性，因此可以保证保证隔膜29均匀受热，且通过电机2的正反转动，可以实现对在主动轴21和第二从动轴23之间的卷绕，有效的保证隔膜29的快速受热和均匀降温，通过一种三层共挤锂离子电池隔膜的制备方法和该方法中所使用的退火箱，解决了现有技术中，卷状结构隔膜29的卷心容易受热和冷却不均匀，进而造成隔膜29的品质下降，甚至出现不合格现象，且退火过程要求在规定时间范围内温度准确的变化，单纯依靠室温冷却难以满足加工要求，同时当该隔膜29加工厂位于夏季或冬季时，温度也会存在较大的变化，因此这些外部环境变化均会对隔膜29生产产生严重的影响等问题，实现了退火温度可控，隔绝了外部环境，避免了外部环境对隔膜29的影响，保证了隔膜29受热的均匀性，因此生产出来的隔膜29质量稳定，便于进行大规模的快速生产要求。
作为本发明的一种实施方式，所述第一从动轴22和第二从动轴23的外弧面均转动连接有套环36；所述隔膜29和夹层膜28均卷绕于对应套环36的外弧面上；所述第一从动轴22和第二从动轴23的外弧面于对应的套环36位置均开设有阶梯槽；所述阶梯槽的槽底位置开设有调节槽；所述调节槽的内部设有调节板37；所述调节板37与对应套环36相对一侧侧面均为糙面结构设计；工作时，当第一从动轴22和第二从动轴23转动时，此时会对夹层膜28和隔膜29进行卷绕，或将其表面卷绕的夹层膜28和隔膜29移卷入主动轴21表面，实现对隔膜29在主动轴21和第二从动轴23之间的更替卷绕，但是由于退火的因素，箱体1内的高温会使得隔膜29产生一定的软化或收缩，这个会在后期流延膜中进行纵向冷拉伸、热拉伸进行后续处理，为了减少退火卷绕过程中对隔膜29自然尺寸产生影响，或隔膜29受热收缩，主动轴21和第二从动轴23之间的隔膜29拉应力加大的问题，通过设置套环36和调节板37；当隔膜29在套环36表面卷绕时，隔膜29收缩会对套环36产生切向的拉力，由于第二从动轴23和套环36之间设有调节板37，且调节板37和对应套环36相对一侧侧面均为糙面结构设计；当隔膜29收缩产生的切向拉力大于调节板37和对应套环36之间的摩擦力时，套环36会和第一从动轴22或第二从动轴23之间产生相对转动，实现对隔膜29收缩产生的切向拉应力的释放，避免了收缩应力过大对隔膜29质量产生影响。
作为本发明的一种实施方式，所述调节板37和对应的调节槽之间通过铰接方式连接；所述调节板37和对应调节槽的两侧侧面之间均连有弹簧38；所述套环36的内弧面于调节板37位置开设有条形槽，且调节板37和条形槽接触连接；所述套环36的小径均大于第一从动轴22或第二从动轴23的外径；所述第一从动轴22和第二从动轴23靠近对应套环36的两端面位置均开设有导向槽；所述套环36于对应的导向槽位置均为导向凸面结构设计；所述第一从动轴22和第二从动轴23相对于对应的导向槽一侧弧面开设有均匀布置的滚动槽；所述滚动槽的内部均滚动连接有滚珠39，且滚珠39和对应导向槽的槽底之间滚动连接；工作时，当通过调节板37和套环36之间的摩擦力实现隔膜29收缩应力自动释放调节，一方面长期使用，套环36和调节板37的糙面出现较大的磨损，进而摩擦系数会发生变化，使得隔膜29和夹层膜28正常卷绕过程中容易出现套环36和第一从动轴22或第二从动轴23之间的相对转动，影响退火箱的正常使用，另一方面套环36和第一从动轴22或第二从动轴23之间直接接触，较大的接触面也会产生较大的摩擦力，对调节板37正常的调节产生较大的干扰，因此通过设置弹簧38和滚珠39，通过调节板37铰接以及弹簧38的收拉力，正常条件下调节板37会位于其中一个条形槽内，当隔膜29或夹层膜28对套环36的切向拉力较大时，会使得调节板37发生转动，并使弹簧38产生变形，当调节板37转动量较大时，会移动到相邻的条形槽内，实现套环36与第一从动轴22或第二从动轴23之间的相对转动调节，且为了有效的减少转动接触面对调节的影响，因此通过开始导向槽，且套环36转动连接与导向槽内，通过在套环36和导向槽的槽底之间设置滚珠39，实现套环36和第一从动轴22和第二从动轴23之间的滚动连接，极大的减少了摩擦力，调高了调节的精度。
作为本发明的一种实施方式，所述夹层膜28的材料为导热石墨膜材料设计；工作时，通过将夹层膜28采用导热石墨膜材料，其导热散热的效果较为优良，相较于普通的导热材料，可以快速的将箱体1内的温度导入到卷状隔膜29的卷心内部，实现了隔膜29的快速均匀受热，保证了同卷隔膜29的质量统一性和稳定性。
作为本发明的一种实施方式，所述主动轴21、第一从动轴22以及第二从动轴23的内部均前后方向开设有导热孔；所述导热孔的内部均导有高压热蒸汽；工作时，由于任何导热材料在传导的过程中均会有一定的热能损耗和时间周期，为了进一步促进隔膜29的卷心受热，通过在主动轴21第一从动轴22和第二从动轴23的内部开设导热孔，通过向导热孔的内部导入高压的热蒸汽，可以快速的对隔膜29和夹层膜28的内部进行快速的加热，保证卷心的快速受热。
作为本发明的一种实施方式，所述箱体1的上表面开设有两个温控口；左侧所述温控孔的上方通过管道连有冷凝器31，且冷凝器31固连于箱体1的左侧侧面；右侧所述温控孔的上方位置固连有排风管32；所述排风管32的内部转动连接有风叶33；工作时，由于退火要求，箱体1内部温度需要进行缓慢的降温，因此由于箱体1内部较为密封不利于散热，因此通过设置排风管32和风叶33，通过调节风叶33转速可以对箱内的温度按照要求进行散热，同时通过设置冷凝器31，通过冷凝器31一方面可以起到快速降温的作用，满足于快速降温产品类的要求，同时保证在夏季生产条件下，温度较高，可以保证温度降低到指定温度范围，保证满足退火的要求。
作为本发明的一种实施方式，所述排风管32的外弧面螺纹连接有密封盖3；工作时，加热板11在加热过程中，由于箱体1上方开设的温控口为敞开式，不利于箱体1内快速的升温以及保温性，因此通过在排风管32的外弧面螺纹连接密封盖3，通过密封盖3可以有效的对箱体1进行密封。
作为本发明的一种实施方式，所述排风管32的上表面开设有环状密封槽；所述密封槽的内部固连有密封圈34；所述密封盖3的内部开设有隔热腔；所述隔热腔的内部设有气凝胶毡35；工作时，为了进一步保证密封盖3的密封性和隔热性，通过在排风管32的上表面开设环状密封槽，通过环状密封槽内的密封圈34，保证密封盖3的有效密封性，通过在密封盖3的隔热腔内设置气凝胶毡35，保证了密封盖3位置的隔热性，减少了箱体1内部热量的散失。
具体工作流程如下：
工作时，首先打开密封门12，将隔膜29卷绕于第二从动轴23，然后将隔膜29的端头接入到主动轴21上，配合已经缠绕好的夹层膜28实现主动轴21上同步卷绕，然后关闭密封门12，接通电源，首先电源会对加热板11进行加热，实现对箱体1内部温度的加热，然后启动电机2，电机2的输出轴转动，一方面会带动主动轴21转动，另一方面会通过主动转盘带动传动皮带27运动，进而带动从动转盘的转动，实现第一从动轴22的同向转动，同时电机2的输出轴转动会带动主动齿轮25的转动，主动齿轮25进而带动从动齿轮26转动，从动齿轮26进而带动第二从动轴23的逆向转动，因此可以实现对隔膜29和夹层膜28的同步缠绕和分离，夹层膜28具有优于隔膜29的导热性，因此可以保证保证隔膜29均匀受热，且通过电机2的正反转动，可以实现对在主动轴21和第二从动轴23之间的卷绕，有效的保证隔膜29的快速受热和均匀降温；通过设置套环36和调节板37；当隔膜29在套环36表面卷绕时，隔膜29收缩会对套环36产生切向的拉力，由于第二从动轴23和套环36之间设有调节板37，且调节板37和对应套环36相对一侧侧面均为糙面结构设计；当隔膜29收缩产生的切向拉力大于调节板37和对应套环36之间的摩擦力时，套环36会和第一从动轴22或第二从动轴23之间产生相对转动，实现对隔膜29收缩产生的切向拉应力的释放；通过设置弹簧38和滚珠39，通过调节板37铰接以及弹簧38的收拉力，正常条件下调节板37会位于其中一个条形槽内，当隔膜29或夹层膜28对套环36的切向拉力较大时，会使得调节板37发生转动，并使弹簧38产生变形，当调节板37转动量较大时，会移动到相邻的条形槽内，实现套环36与第一从动轴22或第二从动轴23之间的相对转动调节，且为了有效的减少转动接触面对调节的影响，因此通过开始导向槽，且套环36转动连接与导向槽内，通过在套环36和导向槽的槽底之间设置滚珠39，实现套环36和第一从动轴22和第二从动轴23之间的滚动连接，极大的减少了摩擦力，调高了调节的精度；通过将夹层膜28采用导热石墨膜材料，其导热散热的效果较为优良，相较于普通的导热材料，可以快速的将箱体1内的温度导入到卷状隔膜29的卷心内部，实现了隔膜29的快速均匀受热；通过在主动轴21第一从动轴22和第二从动轴23的内部开设导热孔，通过向导热孔的内部导入高压的热蒸汽，可以快速的对隔膜29和夹层膜28的内部进行快速的加热，保证卷心的快速受热；通过设置排风管32和风叶33，通过调节风叶33转速可以对箱内的温度按照要求进行散热，同时通过设置冷凝器31，通过冷凝器31一方面可以起到快速降温的作用，满足于快速降温产品类的要求，同时保证在夏季生产条件下，温度较高，可以保证温度降低到指定温度范围，通过在排风管32的上表面开设环状密封槽，通过环状密封槽内的密封圈34，保证密封盖3的有效密封性，通过在密封盖3的隔热腔内设置气凝胶毡35，保证了密封盖3位置的隔热性。
实施例1
取两卷隔膜置于本发明退火箱内，然后按照要求进行退火处理，要求退火温度145℃，时间为24h，根据该退火条件要求，制得的两卷隔膜进行取样性能检测，取平均值，要求采用GB标准方法，用三思拉力机、Gurley透气仪、日力S300扫描电镜等仪器进行性能测试。
实施例2
取与上述同批次另外两卷隔膜置于普通退火装置内，然后按照要求进行退火处理，要求退火温度145℃，时间为24h，根据该退火条件要求，制得的两卷隔膜进行取样性能检测，取平均值，要求采用GB标准方法，用三思拉力机、Gurley透气仪、日力S300扫描电镜等仪器进行性能测试。
实施例3
取与上述同批次另外两卷隔膜不进行退火处理，制得的两卷隔膜进行取样性能检测，取平均值，要求采用GB标准方法，用三思拉力机、Gurley透气仪、日力S300扫描电镜等仪器进行性能测试。
表格一
Figure 519859dest_path_image001
从表1可以看出，本发明所制备的三层共挤锂离子电池隔膜具有优异的拉伸性能，当使用本发明退火箱进行退火，得到的隔膜性能相较于普通退火装置有了大幅提升，特别是拉伸强度能达到150Mpa以上，能够符合大量用户的需求；而穿刺强度达到了500gf以上，可较好地避免在组装电池时出现的刺穿现象；热收缩率远低于传统退火得到的隔膜产品，使该隔膜在使用中不会因出现较大收缩而导致短路的现象；透气率和孔隙率也均在合适的范围内，能够较好满足锂电子电池性能，对比不进行退火处理得到的隔膜性能来看，该产品各项性能均远差于进行退火处理后的性能，因而从总体性能参数来看，本发明所提供退火箱在三层共挤锂离子电池隔膜生产方面具有较好的推广应用价值。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理、主要特征和优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种三层共挤锂离子电池隔膜的制备方法，其特征在于：该制备方法包括以下步骤：
    S1：首先将两种不同的聚丙烯树脂分别加入两个不同挤出机入口中熔融塑化，其中输送段温度为60～70℃，压缩段温度为150～200℃，计量段温度为200～230℃，转速为100～250rpm；
    S2：将S1中熔融塑化后的两种不同的得到的聚丙烯树脂同步从三层共挤流延机的三层复合流延模头中共挤出，并在高倍牵伸比下牵引成膜，得到具有A/B/A三层共挤结构的流延膜；
    S3：将上述具有A/B/A三层共挤结构的流延膜置于退火箱，进行退火处理，退火温度为130～150℃，时间为1～24h；
    S4：对上述退火处理后的流延膜进行纵向冷拉伸、热拉伸，形成多孔膜结构，制备出具有微孔结构和A/B/A三层共挤结构的隔膜(29)，最后将所得多孔膜经热定型后冷却至室温；
    其中S3中所使用的退火箱包括箱体(1)、电机(2)和密封盖(3)；所述箱体(1)为长方体结构设计；所述箱体(1)的内部开设有空腔；所述箱体(1)的内表面固连有均匀布置的加热板(11)；所述箱体(1)的内部前后方向水平设有主动轴(21)；所述箱体(1)的内部于主动轴(21)的左侧位置设有第一从动轴(22)；所述箱体(1)的内部于主动轴(21)的右侧位置设有第二从动轴(23)；所述主动轴(21)、第一从动轴(22)以及第二从动轴(23)均与箱体(1)之间通过轴承转动连接，且第一从动轴(22)和第二从动轴(23)的前端面均穿过箱体(1)并延伸至箱外部；所述箱体(1)的前端面固连有动力箱盖(24)；所述动力箱盖(24)的前端面固连有电机(2)；所述电机(2)的输出轴穿过动力箱盖(24)，并延伸至动力箱盖(24)内部，且电机(2)的输出轴与主动轴(21)的前端面之间固连接；所述电机(2)的输出轴外弧面靠近电机(2)的法兰面位置固连有主动齿轮(25)；所述第二从动轴(23)的外弧面于箱体(1)的前方位置固连有从动齿轮(26)，且主动齿轮(25)和从动齿轮(26)之间啮合连接；所述电机(2)的输出轴的外弧面靠近箱体(1)的前端面位置固连有主动转盘；所述第一从动轴(22)的外弧面靠近第一从动齿轮(26)的前端面位置固连有从动转盘；所述主动转盘和从动转盘之间连有传动皮带(27)；所述主动轴(21)和第一从动轴(22)之间于箱体(1)的内部位置卷连有夹层膜(28)，且夹层膜(28)水平方式连接；所述主动轴(21)和第二从动轴(23)之间于箱体(1)的内部位置卷连有隔膜(29)，且隔膜(29)斜向连接；所述箱体(1)于右上方棱边位置开设有开口；所述箱体(1)于开口位置设有密封门(12)；所述箱体(1)的左侧侧面靠近箱体(1)的前端面位置固连有控制箱(13)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种三层共挤锂离子电池隔膜的制备方法，其特征在于：所述第一从动轴(22)和第二从动轴(23)的外弧面均转动连接有套环(36)；所述隔膜(29)和夹层膜(28)均卷绕于对应套环(36)的外弧面上；所述第一从动轴(22)和第二从动轴(23)的外弧面于对应的套环(36)位置均开设有阶梯槽；所述阶梯槽的槽底位置开设有调节槽；所述调节槽的内部设有调节板(37)；所述调节板(37)与对应套环(36)相对一侧侧面均为糙面结构设计。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种三层共挤锂离子电池隔膜的制备方法，其特征在于：所述调节板(37)和对应的调节槽之间通过铰接方式连接；所述调节板(37)和对应调节槽的两侧侧面之间均连有弹簧(38)；所述套环(36)的内弧面于调节板(37)位置开设有条形槽，且调节板(37)和条形槽接触连接；所述套环(36)的小径均大于第一从动轴(22)或第二从动轴(23)的外径；所述第一从动轴(22)和第二从动轴(23)靠近对应套环(36)的两端面位置均开设有导向槽；所述套环(36)于对应的导向槽位置均为导向凸面结构设计；所述第一从动轴(22)和第二从动轴(23)相对于对应的导向槽一侧弧面开设有均匀布置的滚动槽；所述滚动槽的内部均滚动连接有滚珠(39)，且滚珠(39)和对应导向槽的槽底之间滚动连接。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种三层共挤锂离子电池隔膜的制备方法，其特征在于：所述夹层膜(28)的材料为导热石墨膜材料设计。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种三层共挤锂离子电池隔膜的制备方法，其特征在于：所述主动轴(21)、第一从动轴(22)以及第二从动轴(23)的内部均前后方向开设有导热孔；所述导热孔的内部均导有高压热蒸汽。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种三层共挤锂离子电池隔膜的制备方法，其特征在于：所述箱体(1)的上表面开设有两个温控口；左侧所述温控孔的上方通过管道连有冷凝器(31)，且冷凝器(31)固连于箱体(1)的左侧侧面；右侧所述温控孔的上方位置固连有排风管(32)；所述排风管(32)的内部转动连接有风叶(33)。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种三层共挤锂离子电池隔膜的制备方法，其特征在于：所述排风管(32)的外弧面螺纹连接有密封盖(3)。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的一种三层共挤锂离子电池隔膜的制备方法，其特征在于：所述排风管(32)的上表面开设有环状密封槽；所述密封槽的内部固连有密封圈(34)；所述密封盖(3)的内部开设有隔热腔；所述隔热腔的内部设有气凝胶毡(35)。
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