WO2021157372A1 - 画像形成装置 - Google Patents

画像形成装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021157372A1
WO2021157372A1 PCT/JP2021/002018 JP2021002018W WO2021157372A1 WO 2021157372 A1 WO2021157372 A1 WO 2021157372A1 JP 2021002018 W JP2021002018 W JP 2021002018W WO 2021157372 A1 WO2021157372 A1 WO 2021157372A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
peripheral surface
developing roller
toner
developer
developing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2021/002018
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
中植　隆久
弘達 川口
正人 石野
有香里 太田
友浩 玉木
和田　実
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kyocera Document Solutions Inc
Original Assignee
Kyocera Document Solutions Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kyocera Document Solutions Inc filed Critical Kyocera Document Solutions Inc
Priority to JP2021575711A priority Critical patent/JP7315038B2/ja
Priority to CN202180005624.0A priority patent/CN114503036B/zh
Priority to US17/764,705 priority patent/US20220404734A1/en
Publication of WO2021157372A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021157372A1/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G15/00—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
    • G03G15/06—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing
    • G03G15/08—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing using a solid developer, e.g. powder developer
    • G03G15/0822—Arrangements for preparing, mixing, supplying or dispensing developer
    • G03G15/0865—Arrangements for supplying new developer
    • G03G15/0867—Arrangements for supplying new developer cylindrical developer cartridges, e.g. toner bottles for the developer replenishing opening
    • G03G15/087—Developer cartridges having a longitudinal rotational axis, around which at least one part is rotated when mounting or using the cartridge
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G15/00—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
    • G03G15/06—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing
    • G03G15/08—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing using a solid developer, e.g. powder developer
    • G03G15/0806—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing using a solid developer, e.g. powder developer on a donor element, e.g. belt, roller
    • G03G15/0812—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing using a solid developer, e.g. powder developer on a donor element, e.g. belt, roller characterised by the developer regulating means, e.g. structure of doctor blade
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G9/00—Developers
    • G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a non-magnetic one-component developing type image forming apparatus.
  • a non-magnetic one-component developing type image forming apparatus that develops using a non-magnetic one-component developer has been known.
  • toner is conveyed by fine irregularities provided on the peripheral surface of a developing roller, and excess toner is worn away by a regulating blade (for example, Patent Document 1).
  • a regulating blade for example, Patent Document 1
  • a thin toner layer is formed on the peripheral surface of the developing roller.
  • the toner forming the toner thin layer is charged by friction with the regulation blade when passing under the regulation blade.
  • the electric field formed between the developing roller and the photoconductor moves the toner on the peripheral surface of the developing roller to the photoconductor, so that the electrostatic latent image formed on the photoconductor is developed.
  • the non-magnetic one-component developing type image forming apparatus can be configured simply and at low cost, and is therefore actively adopted mainly in low-speed compact machines.
  • Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent No. 6376688 Patent Document 2: Japanese Patent Application No. 10-332714
  • the present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and is a non-magnetic single component capable of reducing sticking of the developer to the regulating blade and appropriately developing an electrostatic latent image.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a developing type image forming apparatus.
  • the image forming apparatus is an image forming apparatus that develops using a non-magnetic one-component developer, and rotates around an axis to form a peripheral surface of a drum on which an electrostatic latent image is formed.
  • the photofinishing apparatus includes a photoconductor drum and a developing apparatus that supplies the developing agent to the photoconductor drum to make the electrostatic latent image manifest in the developing agent image.
  • the developing apparatus includes the developing agent. It has a housing and a first peripheral surface that is supported by the developing housing so as to be rotatable around an axis, faces the peripheral surface of the drum, and carries the developing agent, and the supported developing agent is applied to the peripheral surface of the drum.
  • a developing roller to be supplied and a regulating blade that comes into contact with the first peripheral surface and regulates the amount of the developing agent carried on the first peripheral surface are provided, and the actual contact area ratio of the first peripheral surface is determined. It is 4.5% or more and 10% or less.
  • the restricting blade has a fixed end portion fixed to the developing housing and a free end portion arranged on the opposite side of the fixed end portion and in contact with the first peripheral surface of the developing roller.
  • the free end portion includes a bending portion having a bending shape so as to be separated from the developing roller, and the bending portion has a radius of curvature of 0.1 mm or more when viewed from the axial direction of the developing roller, and at least of the regulated blades. It comes into contact with the developing roller in a region including a part of the bent portion, and the surface roughness Ra of the region is included in the range of 0.05 ⁇ m or more and 0.3 ⁇ m or less.
  • the surface roughness Ra of the region of the regulated blade including at least a part of the bent portion and in contact with the developing roller is included in the range of 0.05 ⁇ m or more and 0.3 ⁇ m or less.
  • the actual contact area ratio of the first peripheral surface is included in the range of 4.5% or more and 10% or less, and the actual contact area ratio of the first peripheral surface is regulated to the first peripheral surface more than when it is larger than 10%.
  • the area of the non-contact part with the blade is large. Therefore, in this configuration, when the amount of the developer to be supported on the first peripheral surface is regulated by the regulating blade, the actual contact area ratio of the first peripheral surface of the developer to which strong stress is applied by the regulating blade is increased. It can be moved to the non-contact portion more easily than when it is larger than 10%. Thereby, in this configuration, the possibility that the developer adheres to the regulation blade can be reduced as compared with the case where the actual contact area ratio of the first peripheral surface is larger than 10%.
  • the actual contact area ratio of the first peripheral surface is included in the range of 4.5% or more and 10% or less, and the actual contact area ratio of the first peripheral surface is less than 4.5%.
  • the area of the non-contact part between the first peripheral surface and the regulation blade is small. Therefore, in this configuration, when the amount of the developer to be supported on the first peripheral surface is regulated by the regulating blade, the developer is more than the case where the actual contact area ratio of the first peripheral surface is less than 4.5%. Can be prevented from causing unevenness in the thickness of the developer layer by moving between the non-contact portions in the vicinity.
  • the risk of the developer adhering to the regulating blade can be reduced and the electrostatic latent image can be appropriately developed without attaching the elastic member to the regulating blade as in the conventional case.
  • the regulation blade may be supported by the developing housing so that the contact line pressure with respect to the first peripheral surface is included in the range of 10 N / m or more and 60 N / m or less.
  • the regulation blades are arranged so that the contact line pressure with respect to the first peripheral surface is 10 N / m or more and 60 N / m or less. Therefore, in this configuration, when the amount of the developer to be supported on the first peripheral surface is regulated by the regulating blade, the contact line pressure of the regulating blade with respect to the first peripheral surface is less than 10 N / m or larger than 60 N / m. More appropriate stress can be applied to the developer than in the case. As a result, this configuration can reduce the risk of the developer adhering to the regulated blade and have a uniform thickness as compared with the case where the contact line pressure with respect to the first peripheral surface of the regulated blade is less than 10 N / m or larger than 60 N / m. A layer of the developer can be formed on the first peripheral surface to appropriately develop the electrostatic latent image.
  • the developer may be produced by a pulverization method.
  • the developer particles produced by the pulverization method have a lower production cost than the developer particles produced by the polymerization method, but have a lower circularity. Therefore, the particles of the developer produced by the pulverization method are more likely to be caught by the regulated blades than the particles of the developer produced by the polymerization method when a strong stress is applied by the regulating blades, and the particles are adjacent to each other. It is easy to make close contact by fitting the concave part and the convex part of. Therefore, the developer produced by the pulverization method is more likely to adhere to the regulation blade than the developer produced by the polymerization method, and the thickness of the developer layer formed on the first peripheral surface is uneven. Is likely to occur.
  • the actual contact area ratio of the first peripheral surface is 4.5% or more and 10% or less as described above.
  • the risk of the developing agent adhering to the regulating blade can be reduced, and unevenness in the thickness of the developer layer can be suppressed. .. Therefore, by applying a developer produced by a pulverization method, which is cheaper than a developer produced by a polymerization method, to an image forming apparatus, an image is formed while maintaining the image quality of the image finally formed. The cost of using the device can be reduced.
  • the melt viscosity of the developer at 90 ° C. may be included in the range of 10,000 Pa ⁇ S or more and 200,000 Pa ⁇ S or less.
  • a developer having a melt viscosity at 90 ° C. of 200,000 Pa ⁇ S or less has higher fluidity than a developer having a melt viscosity at 90 ° C. of more than 200,000 Pa ⁇ S.
  • the melt viscosity of the developer at 90 ° C. is 200,000 Pa ⁇ S or less
  • the melt viscosity of the developer subjected to strong stress by the regulation blade is higher than that of the developer at 90 ° C. Can be easily flowed to the non-contact portion.
  • the possibility that the developer adheres to the regulation blade can be reduced as compared with the case where the melt viscosity of the developer at 90 ° C. is larger than 200,000 Pa ⁇ S.
  • a developer having a melt viscosity at 90 ° C. of 10,000 Pa ⁇ S or more has a lower fluidity than a developer having a melt viscosity at 90 ° C. of less than 10,000 Pa ⁇ S.
  • the melt viscosity of the developer at 90 ° C. is 10,000 Pa ⁇ S or more, so that when a strong stress is applied to the developer by the regulating blade, the melt viscosity of the developer at 90 ° C. is less than 10,000 Pa ⁇ S. More than in some cases, the movement of the developer between nearby non-contact portions can prevent uneven thickness of the developer layer.
  • a layer of the developer having a uniform thickness is formed on the first peripheral surface as compared with the case where the melt viscosity of the developer at 90 ° C. is less than 10000 Pa ⁇ S, and the electrostatic latent image is suitable. Can be developed into.
  • non-magnetic one-component developing type image forming apparatus capable of reducing adhesion of a developing agent to a regulating blade and appropriately developing an electrostatic latent image.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the internal structure of the image forming apparatus 1.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the image forming unit 30.
  • the image forming apparatus 1 is a monochrome printer.
  • the image forming apparatus 1 is not limited to this, and may be a copying machine, a facsimile apparatus, or a multifunction device having these functions, or may be an image forming apparatus for forming a color image.
  • the image forming apparatus 1 includes a main body housing 10 having a substantially rectangular parallelepiped housing structure, a paper feeding unit 20 housed in the main body housing 10, an image forming unit 30, and a fixing unit 40.
  • a front cover 11 is provided on the front side of the main body housing 10, and a rear cover 12 is provided on the rear side.
  • Each unit of the image forming portion 30 and the fixing portion 40 can be taken in and out from the rear surface side of the main body housing 10 by opening the rear cover 12.
  • the upper surface of the main body housing 10 is provided with a paper ejection portion 13 from which the sheet after image formation is discharged.
  • sheet means copy paper, coated paper, transparencies, cardboard, postcards, tracing paper, and other sheet materials that undergo image forming processing.
  • the paper feed unit 20 includes a paper feed cassette 21 that houses a sheet to be subjected to image forming processing. A part of the paper cassette 21 projects further forward from the front surface of the main body housing 10. The upper surface of the portion of the paper cassette 21 housed in the main body housing 10 is covered with the paper cassette top plate 21U.
  • the paper cassette 21 is provided with a paper storage space for accommodating a bundle of sheets, a lift plate for lifting the bundle of sheets for feeding, and the like.
  • a paper feeding portion 21A is provided on the upper portion of the paper feed cassette 21 on the rear end side. In the paper feeding unit 21A, a paper feeding roller 21B for feeding out the uppermost sheet of the sheet bundle in the paper feeding cassette 21 one by one is arranged.
  • the image forming unit 30 performs an image forming operation of forming a toner image (developer image) on the sheet sent out from the paper feeding unit 20.
  • the image forming unit 30 includes a photoconductor drum 31, a charging unit 32, an exposure unit 35, a developing unit 33, and a transfer roller 34 arranged around the photoconductor drum 31.
  • the photoconductor drum 31 includes a rotation axis and a peripheral surface (drum peripheral surface) that rotates around the rotation axis.
  • An electrostatic latent image is formed on the peripheral surface of the photoconductor drum 31, and a toner image in which the electrostatic latent image is manifested is supported.
  • the photoconductor drum 31 is made of, for example, a known organic (OPC) photoconductor, and a functional layer such as a charge generation layer and a charge transport layer is formed on the peripheral surface thereof.
  • OPC organic
  • the charging unit 32 is arranged at a predetermined interval with respect to the peripheral surface of the photoconductor drum 31, and uniformly charges the peripheral surface of the photoconductor drum 31 in a non-contact state.
  • the charging unit 32 has a charge wire 321 (FIG. 2) and a grid electrode 322 (FIG. 2).
  • the charge wire 321 is a linear electrode extending in the rotation axis direction of the photoconductor drum 31, and generates a corona discharge with the photoconductor drum 31.
  • the grid electrode 322 is a grid-like electrode extending in the rotation axis direction of the photoconductor drum 31, and is arranged between the charge wire 321 and the photoconductor drum 31.
  • the charging unit 32 generates a corona discharge by passing a current of a predetermined current value through the charge wire 321 and applies a predetermined voltage to the grid electrode 322 to form a photoconductor drum 31 facing the grid electrode 322.
  • the peripheral surface is uniformly charged to a predetermined aging potential.
  • the exposure unit 35 has a laser light source and optical equipment such as a mirror and a lens, and irradiates the peripheral surface of the photoconductor drum 31 with light modulated based on image data given from an external device such as a personal computer. .. As a result, the exposure unit 35 forms an electrostatic latent image corresponding to the image indicated by the image data on the peripheral surface of the photoconductor drum 31.
  • the developing unit 33 (developing device) is detachable from the main body housing 10, and by supplying a non-magnetic one-component toner (developer) to the peripheral surface of the photoconductor drum 31, the peripheral surface of the photoconductor drum 31 is formed.
  • the formed electrostatic latent image is developed (exposed).
  • Developing an electrostatic latent image means forming a toner image (developer image) in which the electrostatic latent image is manifested.
  • the developing unit 33 includes a developing housing 330, a developing roller 331, a supply roller 332, a stirring paddle 333, and a regulation blade 334.
  • the developing housing 330 accommodates a non-magnetic one-component toner (developer). Specifically, based on the results examined by the present inventor, a toner produced by a pulverization method and having a melt viscosity at 90 ° C. of 10,000 Pa ⁇ S or more and 200,000 Pa ⁇ S or less is applied. The contents of the study conducted by the present inventor will be described later.
  • the developing roller 331 is supported by the developing housing 330 so as to be rotatable around an axis, and has a peripheral surface (first peripheral surface) facing the peripheral surface of the photoconductor drum 31.
  • the developing roller 331 is composed of a cylindrical member such as silicone rubber. Further, the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331 is coated with an uneven coating member such as urethane.
  • the developing roller 331 rotates in the direction from the upstream side to the downstream side (counterclockwise in FIG. 2) in the rotation direction of the photoconductor drum 31 (clockwise in FIG. 2) at a position facing the photoconductor drum 31. That is, the developing roller 331 rotates in the same direction as the photoconductor drum 31 at the position facing the photoconductor drum 31.
  • the supply roller 332 rotates about an axis in the developing housing 330 and has a peripheral surface facing the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331.
  • the supply roller 332 rotates in the direction from the downstream side to the upstream side (counterclockwise in FIG. 2) in the rotation direction of the developing roller 331 (counterclockwise in FIG. 2) at a position facing the developing roller 331. That is, the supply roller 332 rotates in the direction opposite to that of the developing roller 331 at the position facing the developing roller 331.
  • the stirring paddle 333 rotates about the axis (clockwise in FIG. 2) to stir the toner inside the developing housing 330.
  • the toner in the developing housing 330 is supplied to the peripheral surface of the supply roller 332 arranged in the developing housing 330.
  • the regulation blade 334 comes into contact with the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331 at a position upstream of the position where the photoconductor drum 31 and the developing roller 331 face each other in the rotational direction of the developing roller 331. Thereby, the regulation blade 334 regulates the amount of toner supported on the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331. Further, the regulation blade 334 charges the toner by rubbing the toner supported on the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331.
  • Such a regulating blade 334 includes a fixed end portion fixed to the developing housing 330 and a free end portion arranged on the side opposite to the fixed end portion and in contact with the peripheral surface (first peripheral surface) of the developing roller 331. Has.
  • the developing unit 33 rotates the developing roller 331, the supply roller 332, and the stirring paddle 333 around the axis.
  • the developing unit 33 supplies the toner stirred by the stirring paddle 333 in the developing housing 330 to the peripheral surface of the supply roller 332 and supports the toner.
  • the developing unit 33 supplies and supports the toner supported on the peripheral surface of the supply roller 332 to the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331.
  • the developing unit 33 supplies the toner, which is supported on the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331, charged by the regulating blade 334, and whose amount is regulated, to the peripheral surface of the photoconductor drum 31.
  • the transfer roller 34 is a roller for transferring the toner image formed on the peripheral surface of the photoconductor drum 31 onto the sheet. Specifically, the transfer roller 34 rotates about an axis and has a peripheral surface facing the peripheral surface of the photoconductor drum 31 at a position downstream of the developing roller 331 in the rotation direction of the photoconductor drum 31.
  • the transfer roller 34 transfers the toner image supported on the peripheral surface of the photoconductor drum 31 to a sheet that passes through the nip portion between its peripheral surface and the peripheral surface of the photoconductor drum 31.
  • a transfer bias having a polarity opposite to that of the toner is applied to the transfer roller 34.
  • the fixing unit 40 performs a fixing process for fixing the toner image transferred to the sheet on the sheet.
  • the fixing portion 40 has a fixing roller 41 and a pressure roller 42.
  • the fixing roller 41 has a heating source inside, and heats the toner transferred to the sheet at a predetermined temperature.
  • the pressure roller 42 is pressed against the fixing roller 41 to form a fixing nip portion between the pressing roller 42 and the fixing roller 41.
  • the toner image is fixed on the sheet by heating by the fixing roller 41 and pressing by the pressure roller 42.
  • the main body housing 10 is provided with a main transport path 22F and a reverse transport path 22B for transporting the sheet.
  • the main transport path 22F is provided as a paper ejection port 14 facing the paper ejection portion 13 on the upper surface of the main body housing 10 from the paper feeding portion 21A of the paper feeding unit 20 via the image forming portion 30 and the fixing portion 40.
  • the reverse transfer path 22B is a transfer path for returning the single-sided printed sheet to the upstream side of the image forming unit 30 in the main transfer path 22F when double-sided printing is performed on the sheet.
  • the main transport path 22F is extended so as to pass through the transfer nip portion formed by the photoconductor drum 31 and the transfer roller 34 from below to above. Further, a resist roller pair 23 is arranged on the upstream side of the main transport path 22F with respect to the transfer nip portion. The sheet is temporarily stopped by the resist roller pair 23, skew correction is performed, and then the sheet is sent out to the transfer nip portion at a predetermined timing for image transfer.
  • a plurality of transport rollers for transporting the sheet are arranged at appropriate positions on the main transport path 22F and the reverse transport path 22B.
  • a paper ejection roller pair 24 is arranged in the vicinity of the paper ejection port 14.
  • the reversing transport path 22B is formed between the outer surface of the reversing unit 25 and the inner surface of the rear cover 12 of the main body housing 10.
  • One roller of the transfer roller 34 and the resist roller pair 23 is mounted on the inner surface of the reversing unit 25.
  • the rear cover 12 and the reversing unit 25 can each rotate around the axis of the fulcrum portion 121 provided at the lower end thereof.
  • a jam paper jam
  • the rear cover 12 is opened.
  • the reversing unit 25 is opened in addition to the rear cover 12.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an electrical configuration of the image forming apparatus 1.
  • the image forming apparatus 1 includes a control unit 90, an operation unit 50, a communication unit 60, and a storage unit 70 in addition to the above-mentioned paper feeding unit 20, image forming unit 30, and fixing unit 40.
  • the control unit 90 is composed of a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a ROM (Read Only Memory) for storing a control program, a RAM (Random Access Memory) used as a work area of the CPU, and the like.
  • the control unit 90 is electrically connected to the operation unit 50, the communication unit 60, the storage unit 70, and the like.
  • the operation unit 50 is a user interface for allowing the user to perform various operations of the image forming apparatus 1. Specifically, the operation unit 50 displays information on the operation of the image forming apparatus 1 such as a liquid crystal display displaying information on the image forming apparatus 1 such as an operating state (for example, printing) of the image forming apparatus 1 and printing conditions. It is equipped with a touch panel for inputting and various operation keys.
  • the communication unit 60 is an interface circuit for realizing data communication with an external device. For example, a print instruction and image data for printing transmitted from an external personal computer are given to the control unit 90 via the communication unit 60.
  • the storage unit 70 is a storage device such as an HDD (Hard Disk Drive) or an SSD (Solid State Drive). Under the control of the control unit 90, the storage unit 70 is used to control image data for printing transmitted from an external device such as a personal computer and given to the control unit 90 via the communication unit 60, and control of each unit. Data such as data is stored.
  • an HDD Hard Disk Drive
  • SSD Solid State Drive
  • the control unit 90 acquires a print instruction input by the user using the operation unit 50 or a print instruction received by the communication unit 60 from an external device by executing the control program stored in the ROM by the CPU.
  • the control unit 90 controls the image forming unit 30 and the fixing unit 40 in accordance with the acquired printing instruction to perform a printing process for forming an image on the sheet.
  • the toner may adhere (fuse) to the regulating blade 334. ..
  • toner adheres to the regulation blade 334 it becomes impossible to form a toner layer having a uniform thickness on the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331, and a phenomenon called thin streaks in which the toner layer is locally thinned on the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331 occurs. do.
  • thin-layer streaks occur, the electrostatic latent image formed on the peripheral surface of the photoconductor drum 31 is not properly developed, and white streaks may be seen in the image formed on the sheet.
  • the stress applied to the toner by the regulation blade 334 is reduced by attaching an elastic member to the regulation blade 334 as in the conventional technique.
  • the cost required to configure the regulation blade 334 is high.
  • the region where the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331 and the elastic member actually contact is not considered. Therefore, if the area where the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331 and the elastic member actually contact is too small, the stress applied to the toner is reduced too much, and the toner layer formed on the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331 becomes too thick. , There is a risk that the amount of charge of the toner forming the toner layer will be too low.
  • the present inventor adjusts the actual contact area ratio of the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331 and the contact line pressure of the regulating blade 334 with respect to the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331 without attaching an elastic member to the regulating blade 334. , We have diligently studied to reduce the adhesion of toner to the regulation blade 334 and to develop the electrostatic latent image appropriately.
  • Table 1 is a diagram showing an example of experimental conditions.
  • the present inventor puts the developing roller 331, the regulating blade 334, and the toner satisfying the experimental conditions shown in Table 1 when three types of toners having different melt viscosities at 90 ° C. are housed in the developing housing 330, respectively.
  • the printing process was further carried out under the same environment. An experiment was conducted in which the printing process was performed at.
  • the amount of toner regulated by the regulating blade 334 is adjusted by the contact line pressure of the regulating blade 334 with respect to the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331 and the actual contact area ratio of the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331.
  • the contact line pressure of the regulating blade 334 with respect to the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331 is the contact pressure per unit length of the regulating blade 334 at the contact position between the regulating blade 334 and the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331.
  • the actual contact area ratio of the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331 is the ratio of the area of the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331 excluding the recesses to the area of the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331. That is, the actual contact area ratio of the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331 represents the true contact area with respect to the apparent contact area between the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331 and the regulation blade 334.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a method for calculating the actual contact area ratio.
  • a triangular prism-shaped glass prism 80 having outer surfaces 801 and 802 orthogonal to each other and an outer surface 803 intersecting the outer surfaces 801 and 802 at 45 ° may be prepared. That is, the cross section of the prism 80 is a right-angled isosceles triangle.
  • the developing roller 331 may be arranged so that the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331 comes into contact with the outer surface 803 of the prism 80 at a contact line pressure of 1 N / m.
  • the peripheral surface and the outer surface 803 of the developing roller 331 projected on the outer surface 802 of the prism 80 may be taken with a microscope.
  • a white LED light source "IHM-25" manufactured by Raymac Co., Ltd. may be used.
  • the microscope "KH-8700” manufactured by Hirox Co., Ltd. may be used.
  • FIG. 5A. , 5B and 5C an image of the contact portion between the peripheral surface and the outer surface 803 of the developing roller 331 having the actual contact area ratios of 12.4%, 9.4%, and 4.5% on the peripheral surface is taken in FIG. 5A. , 5B and 5C.
  • the black region in the captured image is the outer surface of the prism 80 because the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331 and the outer surface 803 of the prism 80 are actually in contact with each other. This is the region where the white light emitted through the 801 is absorbed. That is, it is considered that the black region is a region excluding the concave portion on the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331.
  • the regulation blade 334 is arranged so that the contact line pressure with respect to the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331 is 10 N / m or more and 60 N / m or less. Further, as the developing roller 331, one having an actual contact area ratio of the peripheral surface of 4.5% or more and 10% or less is applied.
  • the values of the contact line pressure and the actual contact area ratio are the results examined by the present inventor in order to reduce the adhesion of toner to the regulation blade 334 and to appropriately develop the electrostatic latent image. It is determined based on.
  • the present inventor employs "ECOSYS FS 140" manufactured by Kyocera Document Solutions Co., Ltd. as the image forming apparatus 1 used in the above experiment, and replaces the developing roller 331 of the image forming apparatus 1 according to the content of the experiment to regulate the image forming apparatus 1.
  • the arrangement of the blades 334 was adjusted according to the content of the experiment.
  • the present inventor conducted the above experiment in the case where three types of toners having a melt viscosity at 90 ° C. of 1,000,000 Pa ⁇ s, 200,000 Pa ⁇ s and 10,000 Pa ⁇ s were housed in the developing housing 330, respectively.
  • the present inventor has developed a developing roller 331 having an actual contact area ratio of the peripheral surface of 3.3%, 4.5%, 6%, 9.4%, 10.5%, 12.4%, and 14%.
  • the contact line pressure of the regulation blade 334 with respect to the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331 is 5N / m, 10N / m, 15N / m, 20N / m, 30N / m, 40N / m, 50N / m.
  • the above experiment was carried out by arranging the regulation blades 334 so as to be 60 N / m and 70 N / m, respectively.
  • An experiment was conducted in which the printing process was repeated for 200 minutes.
  • a developing roller 331 manufactured by NOK Co., Ltd. was adopted.
  • the material of the developing roller 331 shown in Table 1 indicates that the material of the cylindrical main body of the developing roller 331 is silicone rubber, and the material of the coating member on the peripheral surface of the main body is urethane. That is, the present inventor adjusted the actual contact area ratio of the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331 by making the number of urethane particles used as the coating member on the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331 different.
  • the hardness of the developing roller 331 shown in Table 1 indicates the hardness measured by "MD-1capa" manufactured by Polymer Instruments Co., Ltd.
  • the resistance value of the developing roller 331 shown in Table 1 is such that the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331 is placed in contact with a metal roller whose one end is grounded, and a voltage of + 100 V is applied to the developing roller 331 while rotating the developing roller 331. It is a resistance value calculated from the value of the current flowing through the developing roller 331.
  • the material of the regulation blade 334 shown in Table 1 is SUS304, which is also called 18Cr-8Ni or 18 chrome stainless steel.
  • the present inventor has in each of the initial printing process and the printing process performed after the printing process for 200 minutes, the thickness of the toner layer formed on the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331 and the image quality of the image formed on the sheet. was visually confirmed. Then, the present inventor sets the confirmation result as a two-dimensional coordinate in which the horizontal axis is the actual contact area ratio of the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331 and the vertical axis is the contact line pressure with respect to the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331 of the regulation blade 334. I made a graph plotted in.
  • FIG. 6A is a graph showing the confirmation results when the above experiment was performed using a toner having a melt viscosity at 90 ° C. of 1,000,000 Pa ⁇ s.
  • FIG. 6B is a graph showing the confirmation results when the above experiment was performed using a toner having a melt viscosity at 90 ° C. of 200,000 Pa ⁇ s.
  • FIG. 6C is a graph showing the confirmation results when the above experiment was performed using a toner having a melt viscosity at 90 ° C. of 10000 Pa ⁇ s.
  • ⁇ , ⁇ and ⁇ indicate toner layers formed on the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331 in each of the initial printing process and the printing process performed after the printing process for 200 minutes by the present inventor.
  • the result of visually confirming the thickness of the sheet and the image quality of the image formed on the sheet is shown.
  • ⁇ indicates that the toner layer formed on the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331 is uniform in both of the above two printing processes, and the image quality of the image formed on the sheet is normal without any problem. Indicates that it was in a state.
  • ⁇ indicates that in at least one of the above two printing processes, a slight thin layer streak is generated on the toner layer formed on the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331, or is formed on the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331.
  • the thickness of the toner layer was uneven, it is shown that the image quality of the image formed on the sheet was in a practically acceptable state in both of the above two printing processes.
  • X indicates that in either of the above two printing processes, a slight thin streak is generated on the toner layer formed on the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331, or the toner layer formed on the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331 has a slight streak.
  • the thickness was uneven, and the image formed on the sheet also showed abnormalities such as white streaks and uneven density, indicating that there was a problem in practical use.
  • the present inventor regulated that when a toner having a melt viscosity at 90 ° C. of 1,000,000 Pa ⁇ s is used, the actual contact area ratio of the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331 is 4.5% or more. It has been found that if the contact line pressure with respect to the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331 of the blade 334 is 10 N / m or more, an image can be formed on the sheet with an image quality that does not cause a practical problem. However, when the inventor confirmed the image formed on the sheet in this experiment, the sheet was found to be dirty.
  • the present inventor has found that when a toner having a melt viscosity at 90 ° C. of 200,000 Pa ⁇ s is used, the actual contact area ratio of the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331 is 4.5% or more and 12.4%. It was found that if the contact line pressure with respect to the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331 of the regulating blade 334 is 10 N / m or more and 50 N / m or less, an image can be formed on the sheet with an image quality that does not cause a practical problem. Further, from the confirmation result shown in FIG. 6B, the present inventor has found that when a toner having a melt viscosity at 90 ° C.
  • the actual contact area ratio of the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331 is 4.5% or more and 10%. If it is as follows, it was found that an image can be formed on the sheet with an image quality that does not cause a problem in practical use even if the contact line pressure with respect to the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331 of the regulation blade 334 is 50 N / m or more and 60 N / m or less. When the inventor confirmed the image formed on the sheet in this experiment, no stain was found on the sheet. From this, in the fixing portion 40 of the image forming apparatus 1 used in this experiment, a toner having a melt viscosity of 200,000 Pa ⁇ s at 90 ° C. can be appropriately fixed to the sheet, and practically, the fixing property of the toner is improved. I evaluated that there was no problem.
  • the present inventor has found that when a toner having a melt viscosity at 90 ° C. of 10000 Pa ⁇ s, which is lower than 200,000 Pa ⁇ s, is used, the actual contact area ratio of the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331 is 4.5. If the contact line pressure with respect to the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331 of the regulating blade 334 is 10 N / m or more and 60 N / m or less, an image can be formed on the sheet with an image quality that does not cause a problem in practical use. Was found. When the inventor confirmed the image formed on the sheet in this experiment, no stain was found on the sheet.
  • the present inventor found that when a toner having a melt viscosity at 90 ° C. of 10,000 Pa ⁇ s or more and 200,000 Pa ⁇ s or less is used, the melt viscosity of the toner is low, that is, The higher the fluidity of the toner, the more the actual contact area ratio of the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331 and the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331 of the regulating blade 334 can form an image on the sheet with an image quality that does not cause a problem in practical use. It was found that the range of contact line pressure becomes narrower.
  • the present inventor has an actual contact area ratio of the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331 of 4.5% or more and 10% or less, and the contact line pressure of the regulating blade 334 with respect to the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331 is 10 N / m. If it is 60 N / m or more, an image can be formed on the sheet with an image quality that does not cause a problem in practical use regardless of which toner has a melt viscosity at 90 ° C. of 10000 Pa ⁇ s or more and 200,000 Pa ⁇ s or less, and the toner fixability. It was found that no problem occurred.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the first evaluation result.
  • the present inventor uses a toner having a melt viscosity of 10000 Pa ⁇ s or more and 200,000 Pa ⁇ s or less at 90 ° C., which has no problem in fixability.
  • the actual contact area ratio of the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331 is 4.5% or more and 10% or less
  • the contact line pressure of the regulating blade 334 with respect to the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331 is 10 N / m or more and 60 N / m. It was found that the following conditions can reduce the possibility of toner adhering to the regulation blade 334, appropriately develop the electrostatic latent image, and cause no problem in the image formed on the sheet.
  • the present inventor has a contact line pressure of 60 N with respect to the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331 of the regulating blade 334 as shown in FIG. It was found that even if it is less than / m, when the actual contact area ratio of the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331 is larger than 10%, thin streaks occur in the toner layer on the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331. This is considered to be due to the following reasons.
  • the toner under the regulating blade 334 is moved to the recess on the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331 and supported. Therefore, the larger the actual contact area ratio of the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331, the smaller the recesses under the regulation blade 334 where the toner moves, and the greater the stress applied to the toner. As a result, it is considered that the larger the actual contact area ratio of the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331, the larger the amount of toner adhering to the regulation blade 334, and the more thin streaks are likely to occur in the toner layer on the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331. ..
  • the present inventor has a contact line pressure of 60 N with respect to the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331 of the regulating blade 334 as shown in FIG. It was found that even if the pressure is less than / m, when the actual contact area ratio of the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331 is less than 4.5%, the thickness of the toner layer on the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331 becomes uneven. Further, when a toner having a melt viscosity of 10000 Pa ⁇ s or more and 200,000 Pa ⁇ s or less at 90 ° C.
  • the present inventor has a contact line pressure of 10 N with respect to the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331 of the regulating blade 334 as shown in FIG. It was found that when the pressure is less than / m, the thickness of the toner layer on the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331 becomes uneven even if the actual contact area ratio of the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331 is 4.5% or more and 10% or less. did. These are considered to be due to the following reasons.
  • the present inventor used a toner having a melt viscosity of 10,000 Pa ⁇ s or more and 200,000 Pa ⁇ s or less at 90 ° C., and also used a peripheral surface of the developing roller 331 of the regulation blade 334.
  • the contact line pressure is set to 10 N / m or more and 60 N / m or less, the toner layer formed on the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331 should be made uniform so as not to cause any problem in the image quality of the image formed on the sheet. It was found that it is more preferable to set the actual contact area ratio of the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331 to 6% or more and less than 9%.
  • the present inventor used a toner having a melt viscosity of 10,000 Pa ⁇ s or more and 200,000 Pa ⁇ s or less at 90 ° C. based on the confirmation results shown in FIGS. 6B and 6C, and the actual contact area of the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331.
  • the regulation blade 334 is used to make the toner layer formed on the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331 uniform and not cause any problem in the image quality of the image formed on the sheet. It was found that it is more preferable to set the contact line pressure with respect to the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331 to 30 N / m or more and 50 N / m or less.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the shape of the tip (free end) of the regulation blade 334 of the developing unit 33 and the contact area with the developing roller 331 according to the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram showing how the surface roughness of the regulation blade 334 is measured.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a second evaluation result.
  • the regulation blade 334 has its fixed end supported by the developing housing 330 as shown in FIG. 2, while its free end (tip) of the developing roller 331. It is composed of a bent portion (curved surface) having a radius of curvature of 0.3 mm when viewed from the axial direction and having a bent shape so as to be separated from the developing roller 331.
  • the bent portion is formed by subjecting the tip end portion of the base material of the regulation blade 334 having a linear shape to a bending process (R bending process).
  • the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331 is regulated as shown by the region CP (contact region) in FIG. It was confirmed that it also contacted the bent portion at the tip of the blade 334.
  • the surface roughness of the portion where the tip is bent and the portion where the base end is not bent is due to the processing strain in the portion where the tip is bent. It becomes rough. Therefore, in an experiment, in order to make the surface roughness of the regulation blade 334 finer including such a bent portion of the tip, it is necessary to polish the bent portion of the tip as well. Therefore, in the present embodiment, buffing is adopted as an example of the polishing treatment for the regulated blade 334.
  • the surface of the regulated blade 334 was polished by the buffing, and the surface roughness was measured to prepare samples having different surface roughness from each other.
  • the surface roughness of the regulation blade 334 is such that the regulation blade 334 is placed on a horizontal plane so that the surface roughness of the bent portion at the tip in contact with the developing roller 331 can be measured by the measuring needle 85.
  • a jig (not shown) that can be fixed at an angle of 45 degrees was prepared.
  • Mitutoyo S-3100 was used as a measuring instrument for measuring the surface roughness of the regulation blade 334.
  • the measurement conditions at this time were JIS standard 2001, measurement length 4.8 mm, cutoff 0.8 mm, and measurement speed 0.5 mm / sec.
  • the present inventor adjusts the actual contact area ratio of the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331 according to the degree of polishing the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331 without coating the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331 with a member different from the main body. It was confirmed that the same findings as above can be obtained even in the case of.
  • the central particle size of the toner was set to 6.8 ⁇ m, but the present inventor also described the above even when the central particle size of the toner is 6.0 ⁇ m or more and 8.0 ⁇ m or less.
  • a similar experiment was conducted, and it was confirmed that the same findings as above could be obtained. If the central particle size of the toner is less than 6.0 ⁇ m, the manufacturing cost of the toner increases, and if the central particle size of the toner is larger than 8.0 ⁇ m, the consumption of the toner increases and the fixability to the sheet increases. Get worse. Therefore, the present inventor conducted the experiment only when the central particle size of the toner was 6.0 ⁇ m or more and 8.0 ⁇ m or less.
  • the circularity of the toner was 0.96, but the present inventor has the same effect as above even when the circularity of the toner is 0.93 or more and 0.97 or less.
  • the hardness of the developing roller 331 was measured by "MD-1capa” manufactured by Kosei Keiki Co., Ltd. and set to 45 °.
  • the present inventor measures the hardness of the developing roller 331 by the same method, and even when the measured hardness of the developing roller 331 is 40 ° or more and 60 ° or less, the same experiment as described above is performed. It was confirmed that the same findings as in the above can be obtained. If the hardness of the developing roller 331 is less than 40 °, pressure contact marks due to permanent deformation remain on the peripheral surface of the photoconductor drum 31 and the regulation blade 334, which causes a problem in the image quality of the image formed on the sheet.
  • the present inventor conducted the experiment only when the hardness of the developing roller 331 was 40 ° or more and 60 ° or less.
  • the present inventor also conducted the same experiment as above even when the melt viscosity of the toner contained in the developing housing 330 at 90 ° C. was larger than 200,000 Pa ⁇ s and 250,000 Pa ⁇ s or less, and the same findings as above were obtained. Was confirmed to be obtained.
  • the sheet was soiled as in the above experiment using a toner having a melt viscosity of 1,000,000 Pa ⁇ s at 90 ° C. , The fixability of the toner to the sheet was poor. Therefore, the present inventor has evaluated that a toner having a melt viscosity at 90 ° C. of more than 250,000 Pa ⁇ s causes a problem in practical use.
  • the present inventor evaluated the adoption of the toner produced by the pulverization method as follows.
  • the toner particles produced by the pulverization method have a lower production cost than the toner particles produced by the polymerization method, but have a lower circularity. Therefore, the toner particles produced by the pulverization method are more likely to be caught by the regulation blade 334 than the toner particles produced by the polymerization method when a strong stress is applied by the regulation blade 334, and the particles are adjacent to each other. It is easy to make close contact by fitting the concave part and the convex part of.
  • the toner produced by the pulverization method is more likely to adhere to the regulation blade 334 than the toner produced by the polymerization method, and the thickness of the toner layer formed on the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331 is uneven. Is likely to occur.
  • the actual contact area ratio of the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331 is 4.5% or more and 10% or less
  • the regulation blade 334 When the contact line pressure with respect to the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331 is 10 N / m or more and 60 N / m or less, when the amount of toner carried on the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331 is regulated by the regulating blade 334, the regulating blade 334 is used.
  • the possibility of toner adhering can be reduced, and unevenness in the thickness of the toner layer can be suppressed. Therefore, by applying the toner produced by the pulverization method, which is cheaper than the toner produced by the polymerization method, to the image forming apparatus 1, the image forming apparatus can maintain the image quality of the finally formed image. The usage cost of 1 can be reduced.
  • the toner produced by the polymerization method may be adopted.
  • the image forming apparatus is configured to be able to eliminate the poor fixing property of the toner having a high melt viscosity on the sheet, for example, by providing a fixing roller 41 capable of melting the toner having a high melt viscosity at a high temperature.
  • the melt viscosity of the toner at 90 ° C. and the contact line pressure of the regulating blade 334 with respect to the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331 are arbitrary, and the actual contact area ratio of the peripheral surface is 4.5% or more and 10% or less.
  • the roller 331 may be adopted.
  • the present inventor conducted the same experiment as above on these image forming devices, and as a result of performing the same confirmation as above, a confirmation result substantially similar to the confirmation result shown in FIG. 7A was obtained. That is, the present inventor has an actual contact area ratio of the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331 of 4.5% or more regardless of the melt viscosity of the toner at 90 ° C. and the contact line pressure of the regulating blade 334 with respect to the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331. When it was 10% or less, it was confirmed that the toner layer formed on the peripheral surface of the developing roller 331 was uniform and no problem occurred in the image quality of the image formed on the sheet.
  • Image forming apparatus 31 Photoreceptor drum 33: Developing unit 331: Developing roller 334: Regulatory blade

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Dry Development In Electrophotography (AREA)
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