WO2021148541A1

WO2021148541A1 - Functional module covered in greenery, building and noise barrier

Info

Publication number: WO2021148541A1
Application number: PCT/EP2021/051347
Authority: WO
Inventors: Andreas Kugler
Original assignee: Ed. Züblin Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date: 2020-01-23
Filing date: 2021-01-21
Publication date: 2021-07-29
Also published as: EP4093915A1; DE202020000276U1

Abstract

A functional module covered in greenery comprises a frame (2) and a carrier structure (3). A functional layer of vegetation (4), in particular a moss layer, is retained on a front side (9) of the carrier structure (3). The carrier structure (3) is fixed to the frame (2) on at least two opposite sides. On a rear side (10) facing away from the front side (9), the carrier structure (3) is not covered over a surface area equivalent to at least 50% of the surface area of the functional layer (4).

Description

description

Greened functional module building and noise protection wall

The invention relates to a green functional module of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1, a building with a green functional module and a noise protection wall with a green functional module.

From DE 202018 106 485 U1 a component for greening a building is known, which can be fixed to a facade of the building in the manner of a facade panel. The component is filled with plant substrate and designed to be closed on the circumference and on its rear side.

From EP 3 036 375 B1 it is known to use moss, sedum or the like for greening noise protection walls to reduce fine dust pollution.

The invention is based on the object of creating a planted functional module of the generic type that is simple in construction and can be used in a variety of ways. Another object of the invention is to provide a building and a noise protection wall with an advantageous structure.

With regard to the greened functional module, this object is achieved by a greened functional module with the features of claim 1. With regard to the building, the object is achieved by a building with the features of claim 13. With regard to the noise protection wall, the object is achieved by a noise protection wall with the features of claim 14.

A frame with a support structure is provided for the planted functional module, a plant-based functional layer being held on the support structure and the support structure Structure is fixed to the frame. An advantageous construction of the functional module is achieved in that the carrier structure is not covered on its rear side over at least 50% of the area of the functional layer. In the present case, a cover of the functional module on the rear side of the carrier structure is understood to mean a cover arranged directly on the carrier structure and also a cover arranged at a distance from the carrier structure.

When looking at the functional module from the side facing away from the front side of the carrier structure, at least 50% of the area of the functional layer is visible because at least 50% of the area of the functional layer is not covered.

This results in a very simple structure of the functional module. A rear wall for the function module can be omitted. It has been shown that the fact that the carrier structure is not covered over at least 50% of the area of the functional layer on its rear side enables improved drying of the carrier structure and the functional layer. The formation of waterlogging on the rear side of the support structure can be avoided in a simple manner. At the same time, a cooling effect is achieved due to the evaporation cold generated by the drying off of moisture. The cooling effect is produced both on the side of the functional layer and on the back of the carrier structure. In summer in particular, the functional module can also cool an air layer arranged between the functional module and a building wall. Because the carrier structure is not covered over at least 50% of the area of the functional layer on its back, water that is applied to the functional layer for irrigation can run freely down the back of the functional module. The running water can be collected on the underside of the function module or, in the case of several function modules arranged one above the other, on the underside of the lowest function module and treated again. This means that water-saving irrigation of the function module is multiple ways possible. Additional structures for guiding the water are not required.

When the functional module is used on a noise protection wall, sound can pass through the support structure and the functional layer, so that targeted absorption of the sound can take place on the rear of the functional module.

The back of the carrier structure is advantageously not covered over at least 90% of the area of the functional layer. When looking at the functional module from the side facing away from the front of the carrier structure, at least 90% of the area of the functional layer is visible. This allows the carrier structure to dry quickly and completely on the rear side facing away from the functional layer. The carrier structure is advantageously air-permeable and liquid-permeable or vapor-permeable. This ensures that the front and back of the carrier structure can dry well in the same way.

The carrier structure advantageously has a thickness measured perpendicular to the surface of the carrier structure, which thickness is smaller than the thickness of the frame. The thickness of the carrier structure is advantageously at most half, in particular at most 30%, preferably at most 20% of the thickness of the frame. So that the rear of the support structure is well ventilated, it is advantageously provided that the rear of the support structure is offset from the rear of the frame by a distance in the direction of the front of the frame which is at least 5 mm. From the stand is advantageously at least 10 mm. This ensures sufficient air circulation between the back of the support structure and a supporting structure such as a building wall or a noise protection cassette of a noise protection wall. The frame constructively defines the minimum distance between the support structure and the structure behind it, for example a building facade. A too close arrangement of the support structure on the building facade is avoided in a simple way constructively. This allows waterlogging in the functional layer to be avoided in a simple manner. The functional module according to the invention is preferably very narrow and easily formed. This means that it can be installed quickly and easily on a building or a noise barrier. This also makes it quick and easy to exchange a function module. The thickness of the frame is advantageously less than 10 cm, in particular less than 5 cm. The material provided for the frame is in particular metal, preferably light metal such as aluminum, plastic, in particular glass fiber reinforced plastic, or wood. The support structure is fixed to the frame on at least two opposite sides. It is particularly preferred to fix the support structure to the frame on all sides, in particular over the entire circumferential length of the support structure. In particular, the frame has a rectangular shape. However, another shape of the frame can also be advantageous. For example, the frame can have the shape of a parallelogram.

A simple structure results when the frame is composed of several profile bars. The carrier structure is advantageously inserted into the frame on at least two mutually opposite sides of the frame. The carrier structure is advantageously inserted into at least two opposing profile bars.

The carrier structure is particularly preferably inserted into the profile rods on all sides. The profile bars are connected to one another in a simple design using corner connectors. However, a different type of connection of the profile bars can also be advantageous. The profile of the profile bars is in particular a hollow profile or a flat profile. Alternatively, it can be provided that the frame is formed by folded metal sheets which form a profile in cross section.

The support structure is advantageously held clamped in the frame, in particular in the profile of at least one profile rod, by at least one clamping element. The clamping element can for example be a bar with a wedge-shaped cross section. Alternatively, the support structure can also be fixed to the frame in a different manner, for example by riveting, gluing or screwing. It can also be seen before that the support structure has a thickened edge or is wound over a rod or the like and is inserted with the thickened edge or the rod into a corresponding receptacle in the frame. The receptacle forms an undercut so that the support structure is held in the frame like a welt.

At least one support element, which supports the carrier structure, advantageously runs on the rear side of the carrier structure. However, the support element can also be omitted, in particular if the support structure is well tensioned in the frame.

In an alternative design, it is advantageously provided that the frame is formed in several parts and the carrier structure is clamped between several parts of the frame, for example between two metal sheets forming the frame.

The functional layer is advantageously secured to the carrier structure with a holding structure. The holding structure can be, for example, a grid, an air-permeable and light-permeable fleece or the like. This prevents parts of the functional layer, for example individual mosses, from falling off in a simple manner. The holding structure can be provided as an alternative or in addition to shading the functional layer. It can also be provided that both a holding structure and a structure for shading the functional layer are held in the frame. The carrier structure is particularly preferably a textile. This results in a light and thin structure. The textile can in particular have a fabric-like structure. The carrier structure is in particular a plastic fabric or consists of natural materials. The carrier structure can for example be a pile fabric. Alternatively it can be provided that the support structure is a coconut mat or bast mat. In an alternative design, the carrier structure can also be a metal mesh. The carrier structure is advantageously the structure on which the functional plant layer, in particular the moss, has grown. When looking at the functional module from the side facing away from the front, the structure on which the functional plant layer, in particular the moss, has grown, is therefore immediately visible. No further layers are arranged on the carrier structure. The carrier structure is advantageously a single-layer structure. The carrier structure is preferably constructed from a single material and is not composed of layers of different materials. The frame advantageously has at least one irrigation opening for supplying liquid to the functional layer. Alternatively, irrigation can also be provided independently of the functional module. The functional layer can be watered from the front or the rear of the support structure or from the top, for example via spray nozzles or the like.

For a building it is advantageously provided that at least one functional module is arranged on the outside of the building envelope. The functional module can be arranged, for example, on a facade or a roof of the building. A noise protection wall is preferably provided with a functional module according to the invention.

An embodiment of the invention is tert erläu below with reference to the drawing. Show it:

1 shows a schematic front view of a functional module,

FIG. 2 shows a schematic sectional illustration along the line II-II in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 shows a schematic sectional illustration along the line III-III in FIG. 1. 1 shows a schematic front view of a planted functional module 1. The functional module 1 comprises a frame 2 on which a plant-based functional layer 4 is held. The plant-based functional layer 4 is held on a carrier structure 3, in particular grown into it. The functional layer 4 is fixed to the frame 2 via the carrier structure 3. The frame 2 is rectangular in the exemplary embodiment and has two longitudinal sides 5 and 6 and two transverse sides 7 and 8. In the exemplary embodiment, the transverse sides 7 and 8 are shorter than the longitudinal sides 5 and 6. The functional module 1 has a width d and a height c. In the exemplary embodiment, the width d is greater than the height c. The transverse sides 7 and 8 are when the functional module 1 is arranged on a building facade or a noise barrier in the exemplary embodiment from the vertically extending sides. The long side 5 is in the execution example the horizontal and top side and the long side 6 is the horizontal and bottom side. However, a different position of the pages 5 to 8 can also be advantageous. In the exemplary embodiment, the frame 2 is constructed from profile rods 16 which are connected to one another via corner connectors 17. In the exemplary embodiment, a profile bar 16 forms one of the sides 5, 6, 7 or 8. However, it can also be seen that several profile bars 16 put together one of the sides 5,

Form 6, 7 or 8. The profile bars 16 for the sides 5, 6, 7 and 8 can be designed the same or different. Another design of the frame 2, for example made of folded sheets that form the sides 5, 6, 7 and 8, can be advantageous. The frame 2 has a width g. The width g can be different on the transverse sides 7, 8 and on the longitudinal sides 5, 6. A uniform width g can also be seen before. The width g is advantageously 0.5 cm to 10 cm, in particular 1 cm to 5 cm.

The frame 2 can be made of metal, for example light metal such as aluminum or plastic, in particular fiber-reinforced plastic. However, a design made of wood or other materials can also be advantageous. The functional layer 4 extends between the profile rods 16. In the embodiment, the functional layer 4 has a width f and a height c. The width f can for example be 50 cm to 4 m and the height c 20 cm to 2 m. The functional layer 4 can be covered by a holding structure 12. In Fig. 1, a grid is shown schematically for this purpose. Instead of a grid, the holding structure 12 can also be formed by a fleece, in particular an air-permeable and light-permeable fleece.

In the exemplary embodiment, a plurality of irrigation openings 13 are provided on the longitudinal side 5 which is at the top in the installed state. The irrigation openings 13 can be designed, for example, as round bores or slots. The Be watering openings 13 connect the outside of the profile rod 16 with a running inside or on the top of the profile rod 16 water guide. However, another type of irrigation can also be advantageous, so that the watering openings 13 can also be omitted. Depending on the installation location of the functional module 1, irrigation can also be omitted.

The carrier structure 3 can be supported on its rear side by one or more support elements 11. 1 shows three support elements 11 which are arranged at a distance from one another and at a distance from the longitudinal sides 7 and 8 of the frame 2. The support elements 11 can be formed, for example, as a metal strip.

As FIG. 2 shows schematically, the support element 11 is held on the upper longitudinal side 5 and on the lower longitudinal side 6 in a groove 19 in the profile rods 16. As FIG. 2 also shows, the support structure 3 also protrudes into the grooves 19. The support structure 3 is held on at least two opposite sides 5, 6 and 7, 8 on the frame 2 and preferably inserted into grooves 19 of the profile rods 16. In the execution example, the support structure 3 is inserted on all four sides in the profile rods 16 and fixed in them. All four profile rods 16 advantageously have grooves 19. 2 also shows the arrangement of the functional layer 4 on the carrier structure 3. The functional layer 4 is arranged on a front side 9 of the carrier structure 3 and is advantageously grown into the carrier structure 3. The functional layer 4 advantageously covers the entire area enclosed by the frame 2. The carrier structure 3 has a thickness b which is comparatively small. The thickness b of the support structure 3 is significantly smaller than a thickness a of the frame 2. Both the thickness a of the frame 2 and the thickness b of the support structure 3 are measured perpendicular to the surface of the functional layer 4. The thickness b of the carrier structure 3 is advantageously at most half, in particular less than 30%, of the thickness a of the frame 2. The thickness a of the frame 2 is advantageously less than 10 cm, in particular less than 5 cm.

The carrier structure 3 has the plant functional layer on its front side 9. On its rear side 10, the carrier structure 3 is not covered over at least 50%, in particular over at least 90% of its area. When looking at the functional module from the side facing away from the front side 9, at least 50%, in particular at least 90% of the carrier structure 3 are therefore visible. In the exemplary embodiment, the carrier structure 3 has a single layer and is made of the same material. The carrier structure 3 preferably consists of a layer of a fabric made of plastic. As FIG. 2 also shows, the support element 11 extends on a rear side 10 of the carrier structure 3, which is facing away from the front side 9. The rear side 10 is usually the side facing the outer shell of a building or a noise protection cassette. As the figures also show, the carrier structure 3 is not covered except by the support elements 11 on its rear side. The carrier structure 3 is not covered over at least 50% of the area of the functional layer 4 on its rear side. Is preferred

Support structure 3 is not covered over at least 90% of the area of the functional layer 4 on its rear side, but is open to the environment. Because the carrier structure 3 is only covered over a small part of the area of the functional layer 4 on its rear side and the carrier structure 3 itself is air-permeable, the entire functional module 1 is air-permeable, moisture-permeable and sound-permeable. The frame 1 has a front 14 and a rear 15. The rear side 15 is the side facing a support structure such as a building or a noise protection cassette of a noise protection wall. As FIG. 3 shows, the rear side 10 of the carrier structure 3 is at a distance h from the rear side 15 of the frame 2. The carrier structure 3 is arranged offset in relation to the rear side 15 of the frame 2 in the direction of the front side 14 of the frame 2. The distance h is advantageously at least 5 mm, in particular at least 10 mm. The distance h is advantageously at least 20%, in particular at least 30% of the thickness a of the frame 2. The carrier structure 3 can be arranged flush with the front side 14 of the frame 2 in an alternative design. Alternatively, it can also be provided that the carrier structure 3 is stretched over the front side 14 of the frame 2.

As FIG. 3 also shows, in the exemplary embodiment the carrier structure 3 is held clamped in the grooves 19 of the profile rods 16 by means of clamping elements 18. The clamping element 18 is preferably designed as a bar which has a wedge-shaped cross section.

However, another way of fixing the carrier structure 3 in the frame 2 can also be advantageous, for example by riveting, gluing or screwing. Fixing in the manner of a welt can also be advantageous. For this purpose, the support structure 3 is advantageously wrapped around a rod which is inserted into a groove of a profile rod 16.

The carrier structure 3 is in particular a textile, advantageously a textile made of plastic or natural material. The carrier structure 3 can in particular be a fabric, preferably a pile fabric, or a bast mat or coconut mat.

The functional module 1 is intended in particular for the greening of a building or a noise protection wall. The functional module 1 can be fixed, for example, on an outer shell of the building, in particular on the facade or the roof of a building. For this purpose, the frame 2 is advantageously fixed to the building. The frame 2 can be used, for example, in the support profiles provided. Through this a simple assembly and a simple structure of functional modules 1 can be achieved.

The functional module 1 can alternatively be held on a noise protection wall. A plurality of functional modules 1 are preferably arranged one above the other between spaced-apart vertical supports of the noise protection wall.

Claims

Expectations

1. Planted functional module comprising a frame (2) and a carrier structure (3), a plant functional layer (4), in particular a moss layer, being held on a front side (9) of the carrier structure (3), the carrier structure ( 3) is fixed to the frame (2) on at least two opposite sides, characterized in that the carrier structure (3) on a rear side (10) facing away from the front side (9) covers at least 50% of the area of the

Functional position (4) is not covered.

2. Function module according to claim 1, characterized in that the carrier structure (3) is not covered on its rear side (10) over at least 90% of the area of the functional layer (4).

3. Function module according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the carrier structure (3) has a thickness (b) measured perpendicular to the surface of the carrier structure (3), which thickness is smaller than the thickness (a) of the frame (2).

4. Function module according to claim 3, characterized in that the thickness (b) of the support structure (3) is at most half the thickness (a) of the frame (2).

5. Function module according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the rear (10) of the carrier structure (3) opposite the rear (15) of the frame (2) by a distance (h) in the direction of the front (14 ) of the frame (2) is offset, which is at least 5 mm, in particular at least 10 mm.

6. Function module according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the thickness (a) of the frame (2) is less than 10 cm, in particular less than 5 cm.

7. Function module according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the frame (2) is composed of several profile rods (16). 8. Function module according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the support structure (3) on at least two opposite sides (5, 6, 7,

8) of the frame (4) is inserted into the frame (4).

9. Function module according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the support structure (3) is held clamped in the frame (2) by at least one clamping element (18).

10. Function module according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that at least one support element (11) runs on the rear side (10) of the carrier structure (3), which supports the carrier structure (3).

11. Function module according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the functional layer (4) is secured to the carrier structure (3) with a holding structure (12), in particular a grid or fleece.

12 functional module according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the carrier structure (3) is a textile. 13. Function module according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the frame (2) has at least one irrigation opening (13) for supplying liquid to the functional layer (4). 14. Building with at least one on the outside of the building envelope angeord designated functional module (1) according to one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the functional module (1) is arranged in particular on at least one wall surface and / or on at least one roof surface of the building. 15. Noise protection wall with at least one functional module according to one of claims 1 to 13.