WO2021148320A1 - Procédé de fabrication additive d'un composant en laiton pour une robinetterie sanitaire - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication additive d'un composant en laiton pour une robinetterie sanitaire Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021148320A1
WO2021148320A1 PCT/EP2021/050799 EP2021050799W WO2021148320A1 WO 2021148320 A1 WO2021148320 A1 WO 2021148320A1 EP 2021050799 W EP2021050799 W EP 2021050799W WO 2021148320 A1 WO2021148320 A1 WO 2021148320A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
copper
zinc
component
brass
sanitary fitting
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2021/050799
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Carsten ROMANOWSKI
Original Assignee
Lixil Corporation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lixil Corporation filed Critical Lixil Corporation
Priority to CN202180010185.2A priority Critical patent/CN115003437A/zh
Publication of WO2021148320A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021148320A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
    • B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/30—Process control
    • B22F10/34—Process control of powder characteristics, e.g. density, oxidation or flowability
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/0425—Copper-based alloys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03C—DOMESTIC PLUMBING INSTALLATIONS FOR FRESH WATER OR WASTE WATER; SINKS
    • E03C1/00—Domestic plumbing installations for fresh water or waste water; Sinks

Definitions

  • the disclosure relates to a method for manufacturing a brass component for a sanitary fitting, a component for a sanitary fitting manufactured according to the method and a sanitary fitting with a component manufactured according to the method.
  • Brass components are generally known, such as brass housings for sanitary fittings. These are usually produced by a casting process. In particular, there is a high demand for resistance to dezincification for sanitary fittings that are to be integrated into a wall, so-called “concealed fittings”. Today, resistance to dezincification of cast brass fittings is usually achieved by arsenic doping of predominantly alpha brass crystallized components.
  • additive manufactured components for sanitary fittings are known.
  • plastic components ad ditive manufacturing has been used mainly for plastic components.
  • metallic components especially for brass components
  • the well-known additive manufacturing methods for brass components use powders consisting of alloys containing zinc and copper in essentially equal parts. Such alloys crystallize to a large extent to beta solid solution, so that this alloy usually does not have sufficient dezincification resistance. Therefore, the known additive manufacturing processes cannot usually be used for the manufacturing of concealed valves.
  • a method for manufacturing a brass component for a sanitary fitting should be specified by means of which the component may be designed in as many different ways as possible and/or manufactured as compactly as possible.
  • the component manufactured with this method should be as resistant to dezincification as possible, so that it may be used for a concealed fitting in particular.
  • a method for manufacturing of a brass component for a sanitary fitting contributes to this, comprising at least the following steps: a. providing a material containing at least zinc and copper in powder form, wherein a mass ratio of zinc to copper is in the range of 0,4 to 0,85, b. layer-by-layer construction of the component by partial melting of the material with a laser.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates a flowchart of the method for the additive manufacture
  • Fig. 2 illustrates a method described here for manufacturing a brass component for a sani tary fitting.
  • the sequence of steps a. and b. (Fig. 1) is exemplary and may be run through at least once in a regular operating procedure, for example. In particular, steps a. and b. may be carried out at least partially in parallel or even simultaneously.
  • the method may be used, for example, for the additive manufacturing of a brass component of a sanitary fitting.
  • the method indicates in particular a particularly ad vantageous possibility of providing a brass component that is advantageously resistant to dezin- cification.
  • the method allows for the first time advantageously dezincification-re- sistant brass components to be produced using additive manufacturing or 3D printing.
  • the component is built up layer by layer by partial melting of the metallic material with a laser.
  • the use of the laser or at least one laser beam allows in an advantageous way that the melting may take place as quickly as possible and/or the material may be heated to a comparatively high temperature for melting. This contributes in a particularly advantageous way to the fact that zinc and copper may be melted as safely as possible in the described ratio and the desired properties (especially the advantageous dezincification resistance) may be produced.
  • the laser may be used to advantageously produce alloys that are not stable in casting or other melting processes.
  • Layer-by-layer construction may also be described as forming several layers one after the other, one on top of the other or layer-wise.
  • a layer essentially describes a horizontal cross-section through the component.
  • Partial melting may be carried out advantageously in the form of 3D printing (in a powder bed) or in the form of a three-dimensional, additive manufacturing method (in a powder bed and/or with laser melting).
  • Laser sintering and/or laser melting may be performed in step b(Fig. 1).
  • a so-called se lective laser sintering (short: SLS) is particularly preferred.
  • Selective laser sintering is an additive manufacturing method for producing spatial structures by sintering with a laser from a powdered starting material.
  • a so-called selective laser melting (short: SLM) may be performed in step b.
  • the laser power(s) and/or the melting temperature(s) and/or the exposure time(s) of the laser may be selected and/or controlled in such a way that on the one hand there is enough time for a molten mixing of the different metals and on the other hand the time is short enough to avoid segregation as far as possible.
  • the (maximum) cooling rate may be less than 10 6 K/s [Kelvin per second].
  • the cooling rate may be in the range of 20 K/s to 2.000 K/s.
  • the melting temperatures the following ranges are preferred depending on the metal to be processed: for Cu greater than 1.100 °C, for Zn greater than 450 °C, for stainless steel greater than 1.500 °C, for CuZn greater than 900 °C. Particularly through a short melting time, materials with very different melting points may be advantageously alloyed together.
  • a powder bed is formed in step a. (see Fig. 1).
  • This allows a particularly simple and controlled provision of the material in an advantageous way.
  • bimetallic laser sintering in a metal printer with powder bed may be carried out in particular.
  • step a an alloy containing at least zinc and copper is provided in powder form.
  • this may be de scribed in particular as providing a powder whose powder particles are (already) formed with or from an alloy containing at least zinc and copper (brass alloy).
  • the alloy may also contain ar senic and/or lead.
  • a CuZnAs- or a CuZnAsPb alloy in powder form may be used.
  • step b an alloy containing at least zinc and copper is produced by alloying in the laser beam.
  • this may be described in particular in such a way that the alloying (only) takes place during the layer-by-layer construction or during selective melting with the laser. Only those parts of the powder may be selectively alloyed which contribute to the construction of the component or which are to remain in the component.
  • (separate) zinc powder and copper powder may be used in particular to form the powder bed. These may be mixed or blended together (physically and/or uniformly) to provide the material or to form the powder bed. Furthermore, the zinc powder and the copper powder may be mixed with an arsenic powder and/or a lead powder to provide the material or to form the powder bed. Zinc powder and/or copper powder may (alternatively) be used, which are already at least partially (pre-)alloyed or chemically bonded with arsenic and/or lead.
  • the material after melt ing crystallizes at least predominantly to alpha brass. At least 80% of the material may crystal lize to alpha brass.
  • the alpha brass usually has an advantageous dezincification resistance.
  • the mass ratio of zinc to copper is 0,52 or more. According to a further advantageous configuration, it is proposed that the mass ratio of zinc to copper is 0,55 or more. According to a further advantageous configuration, it is proposed that the mass ratio of zinc to copper is 0,75 or less. According to a further advantageous configuration, it is proposed that the mass ratio of zinc to copper is 0,7 or less. In this range a favourable dezincification resistance may be achieved. Furthermore, the mass ratio of zinc to copper may be about 0,62. According to a further advantageous configuration, it is proposed that the mass ratio of zinc to copper is 0,6 or less. According to a further advantageous configuration, it is proposed that the mass ratio of zinc to copper is 0,68 or more. Accord ing to a further advantageous configuration, it is proposed that the mass ratio of zinc to copper is 0,76 or more. In this way a particularly advantageous dezincification resistance may be achieved, especially without the addition of arsenic and/or lead.
  • the material further con tains arsenic (As).
  • Arsenic arsenic
  • the alpha brass may be stabilized.
  • the addition of (doped) arsenic may (further) increase corrosion resistance and/or dezincification resistance. It was determined that adding arsenic to alpha brass results in an improved stability, in particular with regard to (intercrystalline) corrosion, compared to adding As to beta brass.
  • Arsenic may be responsible for binding copper electrons in the alpha brass and therefore to influence the elec trochemical potential of grain boundaries. This may lead to the improved corrosion resistance of the material, in particular concerning corrosion when being exposed to soft water (e.g.
  • the zinc-rich, electrochemically somewhat less noble beta phase of the structure is selectively dissolved, which corresponds to the type of selective corrosion.
  • the re leased copper ions are very often found here cemented back metallically in the structure as copper-colored precipitates.
  • the reason for this lies in the electrochemically very noble mate rial character of copper; the redox potential of the precipitation reaction (copper ions to metal lic copper) is higher than the redox potential of the surrounding material, which is then corre spondingly oxidized, i.e. corroded, during this reaction.
  • arsenic may in fluence this electrochemical potential and therefore lead to an improved dezincification resis- tance.
  • arsenic may be added to copper and/or zinc during powder production.
  • Arsenic is preferably added to copper.
  • the mass fraction of arsenic may be in the range of 0,01 to 0,25%.
  • the mass fraction of arsenic may be 0,1 or more.
  • the mass fraction of arsenic may be 0,09 or more.
  • the mass fraction of arsenic may be 0,19 or less.
  • the mass fraction of arsenic may be 0,18% or less.
  • the mass fraction of arsenic may be 0,17%.
  • the material further con tains lead. If lead is present, this may be provided, for example, with a mass fraction of 0,01 to 1,5%, preferably 0,1 to 0,3% and in particular about 0,15%. However, it may (alternatively) be provided that the material does not contain lead.
  • the material may consist of zinc and copper (in the ratio described) or of zinc, copper, and arsenic.
  • a component for a sanitary fitting is proposed, wherein the component is manufactured by a method described here.
  • the component may be a housing or a housing part of a sanitary fitting, for example.
  • a sanitary fitting comprising a component manu factured by a method described here.
  • the sanitary fitting may also have a component described here.
  • the sanitary fitting may be, for example, a washbasin fitting, bathtub fitting, concealed fitting or the like.
  • Fig. 2 shows an exemplary and schematic illustration of a method described here for the manu facturing of a brass component 1 for a sanitary fitting 2.
  • a material 3 containing at least zinc and copper is provided in powder form.
  • the mass ratio of zinc to copper is in the range of 0,4 to 0,85.
  • a layer by layer construction or additive manufacturing of the component 1 is carried out by partial melting of the material 3 with a laser 4.
  • a powder bed 5 may be formed to provide the material. Furthermore, an alloy containing at least zinc and copper may be provided in powder form to provide the material.
  • An alloy containing at least zinc and copper may be produced (as an alternative to the provision as an alloy) during the layered construction by alloying in the laser beam. After melting, the ma terial may at least predominantly crystallize to alpha brass.
  • the mass ratio of zinc to copper may be in the range of 0,55 to 0,7. In a particu larly advantageous configuration, the mass ratio of zinc to copper is circa 0,62.
  • Material 3 may optionally further contain arsenic.
  • the mass fraction of arsenic for example, may be in the range of 0,01 to 0,25%, especially about 0,17%.
  • Material 3 may optionally further contain lead.
  • Material 3 may optionally further contain tin.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de fabrication d'un composant en laiton (1) pour une robinetterie sanitaire (2), comprenant au moins les étapes suivantes : a. la fourniture d'un matériau (3) contenant au moins du zinc et du cuivre sous forme de poudre, un rapport en masse du zinc par rapport au cuivre étant dans la plage de 0,4 à 0,85, b. la construction couche par couche du composant (1) par fusion partielle du matériau (3) avec un laser (4).
PCT/EP2021/050799 2020-01-24 2021-01-15 Procédé de fabrication additive d'un composant en laiton pour une robinetterie sanitaire WO2021148320A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202180010185.2A CN115003437A (zh) 2020-01-24 2021-01-15 用于卫生配件的黄铜组件的增材制造方法

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102020101697.2A DE102020101697A1 (de) 2020-01-24 2020-01-24 Verfahren zur additiven Herstellung eines entzinkungsbeständigen Messing-Bauteils für eine Sanitärarmatur
DE102020101697.2 2020-01-24

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2021148320A1 true WO2021148320A1 (fr) 2021-07-29

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2021/050799 WO2021148320A1 (fr) 2020-01-24 2021-01-15 Procédé de fabrication additive d'un composant en laiton pour une robinetterie sanitaire

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CN (1) CN115003437A (fr)
DE (1) DE102020101697A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2021148320A1 (fr)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102013003817A1 (de) * 2013-03-07 2014-09-11 Grohe Ag Kupfer-Zink-Legierung für eine Sanitärarmatur sowie Verfahren zu deren Herstellung
WO2019030416A1 (fr) * 2017-08-11 2019-02-14 Grohe Ag Alliage de cuivre, utilisation d'un alliage de cuivre, armature sanitaire et procédé de fabrication d'une robinetterie sanitaire
US20190276918A1 (en) * 2017-08-07 2019-09-12 South China University Of Technology An additive manufacturing method of lead-free environmentally-friendly high-strength brass alloy

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
TWI398531B (zh) * 2009-08-14 2013-06-11 Modern Islands Co Ltd 抗脫鋅銅合金及其物件之製法
CN102400012A (zh) * 2011-11-30 2012-04-04 珠海承鸥卫浴用品有限公司 一种铸造用低铅耐腐蚀黄铜合金及其制造方法
US10124408B2 (en) * 2012-11-01 2018-11-13 General Electric Company Additive manufacturing method and apparatus
CN104762521A (zh) * 2014-01-06 2015-07-08 九牧厨卫股份有限公司 一种铸造用耐脱锌腐蚀黄铜及其制造方法

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102013003817A1 (de) * 2013-03-07 2014-09-11 Grohe Ag Kupfer-Zink-Legierung für eine Sanitärarmatur sowie Verfahren zu deren Herstellung
US20190276918A1 (en) * 2017-08-07 2019-09-12 South China University Of Technology An additive manufacturing method of lead-free environmentally-friendly high-strength brass alloy
WO2019030416A1 (fr) * 2017-08-11 2019-02-14 Grohe Ag Alliage de cuivre, utilisation d'un alliage de cuivre, armature sanitaire et procédé de fabrication d'une robinetterie sanitaire

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Publication number Publication date
CN115003437A (zh) 2022-09-02
DE102020101697A1 (de) 2021-07-29

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