WO2021147285A1 - 一种吸能盒自动焊接夹持装置 - Google Patents

一种吸能盒自动焊接夹持装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021147285A1
WO2021147285A1 PCT/CN2020/104609 CN2020104609W WO2021147285A1 WO 2021147285 A1 WO2021147285 A1 WO 2021147285A1 CN 2020104609 W CN2020104609 W CN 2020104609W WO 2021147285 A1 WO2021147285 A1 WO 2021147285A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cylinder
clamping
pressing
base
supporting plate
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Application number
PCT/CN2020/104609
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王程
许贺
徐萌
程远
Original Assignee
南京英尼格玛工业自动化技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2021147285A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021147285A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
    • B23K37/04—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work
    • B23K37/0426—Fixtures for other work
    • B23K37/0435—Clamps

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of energy absorbing box manufacturing, in particular to an automatic welding and clamping device for energy absorbing boxes.
  • the car bumper plays the role of an auxiliary device to protect passengers and buffer the impact force in traffic accidents in the modern automobile industry.
  • the absorption effect of the energy absorption box of the bumper on the buffer force is very important.
  • the welding quality between the bumper and the energy-absorbing box is very important.
  • automatic welding has many advantages such as good welding quality, high stability, and flexible welding posture. This process greatly saves labor costs, frees the hands of workers, and adapts to the requirements of modern enterprise cost control and mass production.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide an automatic welding and clamping device for an energy absorbing box in view of the deficiencies in the prior art.
  • the present invention provides an automatic welding and clamping device for an energy absorbing box, which includes a base.
  • a plurality of energy absorbing box clamping parts are arranged on the upper side of the base.
  • the energy absorbing box includes a supporting plate and a supporting plate.
  • the box body on the upper side of the board, the energy-absorbing box clamping component includes a supporting assembly, a supporting plate clamping assembly and a box clamping assembly arranged on the base, and the supporting plate clamping assembly is used to fix the supporting plate on the base.
  • the box clamping assembly On the upper side of the supporting assembly, the box clamping assembly includes a first side pressing cylinder, a second side pressing cylinder and a lower pressing cylinder, the first side pressing cylinder and the second side pressing cylinder
  • the cylinders are used for respectively compressing and limiting the two adjacent side surfaces of the box body
  • the lower pressing cylinder is used for pressing and fixing the box body on the upper side of the supporting plate.
  • the upper side of the base is also provided with an automatic telescopic positioning assembly
  • the automatic telescopic positioning assembly includes a main positioning cylinder fixedly connected to the base through a plurality of connecting blocks, the main positioning cylinder is vertically arranged, and the upper end is provided with The main positioning pin matched with the support plate.
  • the automatic telescopic positioning assembly includes an auxiliary positioning cylinder fixedly connected to the base through a plurality of connecting blocks, the auxiliary positioning cylinder is arranged vertically, and the upper end of the auxiliary positioning cylinder is provided with an anti-rotation positioning pin that cooperates with the support plate.
  • the support plate clamping assembly includes two support plate clamping assemblies.
  • the two support plate clamping assemblies are respectively arranged on both sides of the support plate.
  • the support plate clamping assembly includes a support plate clamping cylinder fixed on the base and a support plate clamping cylinder.
  • the supporting plate clamping cylinder drives the supporting plate clamping jaws that are turned over.
  • the main positioning pin and the anti-rotation positioning pin are arranged at diagonal positions of the supporting plate, and the supporting plate clamping jaw includes a plurality of pressing blocks for pressing the supporting plate, and two pressing blocks are respectively arranged at the main positioning
  • the upper side of the pin and the anti-rotation locating pin, and the lower side is respectively provided with grooves that are matched with the main locating pin and the anti-rotation locating pin.
  • a supporting frame is provided on the upper side of the base, and the first side pressing cylinder, the second side pressing cylinder and the lower pressing cylinder are respectively installed on the supporting frame; the first side pressing cylinder
  • the cylinder includes a first side pressure cylinder arranged at an angle of 45° to the front and rear direction of the support frame and a first side pressure arm that is controlled and turned over by the first side pressure cylinder.
  • the outer end of the first side pressure arm is connected with an L-shaped first Side pressure lever.
  • the second side pressing cylinder includes a second side pressing cylinder bolted to the support frame, a rear pressing plate connected to the second side pressing cylinder, and a second side pressing rod connected to one side of the rear pressing plate, so The second side pressure cylinder is arranged obliquely with the box body.
  • the inclination angle between the second side pressure cylinder and the box body is 4° to 6°.
  • the support assembly and the rear pressure plate are respectively provided with proximity switches.
  • first side pressure cylinder is a semi-automatic cylinder
  • outer sides of the second side pressure cylinder and the supporting plate clamping cylinder are provided with a protective cover.
  • the supporting plate clamping assembly and the first side pressing cylinder of the present invention adopt the pressing method of the connecting rod mechanism, which effectively solves the problem of narrow space, leaves enough space for the robot welding bead, and ensures the reachability of the welding gun posture.
  • the seam is formed at one time, which greatly improves the efficiency of workers' loading and unloading, improves welding reliability, and improves labor productivity.
  • the oblique retreat design of the pressure block, the position of the sensor and the fool-proof design effectively ensure the appearance integrity of the energy absorbing box workpiece itself and the safety of the operator.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of an automatic welding and clamping device for an energy absorbing box according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of the structure of an automatic welding and clamping device for an energy absorbing box according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of area A in Fig. 1;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a clamping component of an energy absorbing box according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a box clamping assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic top view of the structure of the box clamping assembly according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an automatic telescopic positioning assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the supporting plate clamping assembly of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the supporting assembly of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides an automatic welding and clamping device for an energy absorbing box, which includes a base.
  • the base includes a base plate 1 and a small base plate 4 bolted to the upper side of the base plate 1.
  • the connecting block 3 can be hung on the positioner.
  • the positioner can be turned at a certain angle, which is convenient for manual assembly and pickup, and can realize linkage with the welding robot. Welding greatly improves productivity.
  • the upper side of the base plate 1 is equipped with a ring screw 6 and a forklift groove 7 for easy lifting or transportation.
  • TCP components 9 are uniformly distributed on the substrate 1.
  • the left energy absorbing box clamping component 5 and the right energy absorbing box clamping assembly 8 are respectively installed on the small base plate 4 first, and the small base plate 4 is fixedly connected with the base plate 1 by bolts, which facilitates flexible manufacturing and facilitates the later replacement of welding components .
  • a three-coordinate reference hole assembly 54 is provided on the small substrate 4 and the substrate 1.
  • the substrate 1 is provided with a material reduction groove, which reduces the weight of the overall tooling and greatly saves the manufacturing cost.
  • An IO box 10 and an air circuit box 11 are provided on the lower side of the base plate 1.
  • the cylinder triplex is installed in the air circuit box 11.
  • the lines of the IO box are routed from the bottom of the base plate 1 to facilitate a neat and beautiful appearance.
  • a button box 13 is provided on the upper front side of the base plate 1.
  • the energy absorbing box of the embodiment of the present invention includes a supporting plate 48 and a box body 12 arranged on the upper side of the supporting plate 48.
  • the supporting plate 48 and the box body 12 are welded and fixed together.
  • the supporting plate 48 and the box body 12 are clamped and fixed together for welding.
  • the energy-absorbing box clamping component of the embodiment of the present invention includes a support assembly 20, a support plate clamping assembly 50 and a box clamping assembly arranged on a base.
  • the support assembly 20 is used to place the support plate 48 and the support plate clamping assembly 50.
  • the box clamping assembly includes a first side pressing cylinder 14, a second side pressing cylinder 15 and a lower pressing cylinder 18.
  • the first side pressing The cylinder 14 and the second side pressing cylinder 15 are used for pressing and limiting the two adjacent sides of the box body 12 respectively, and the lower pressing cylinder 18 is used for pressing the box body 12 on the upper side of the supporting plate 48. .
  • the support plate 48 and the box body 12 are fixed at a predetermined position, and it is ensured that no excessive deformation occurs during the welding process, so as to ensure the welding quality.
  • the automatic telescopic positioning assembly includes a main positioning cylinder 55 fixedly connected to the base through a number of connecting blocks. , The main positioning cylinder 55 is arranged vertically, the upper end of the main positioning cylinder 55 is provided with a main positioning pin 46, and the supporting plate 48 is provided with a main positioning hole that cooperates with the main positioning pin.
  • the automatic telescopic positioning assembly also includes an auxiliary positioning cylinder 38 fixedly connected to the base through a number of connecting blocks.
  • the auxiliary positioning cylinder 38 is vertically arranged, and the upper end of the auxiliary positioning cylinder 38 is provided.
  • the main positioning cylinder 55 and the auxiliary positioning cylinder 38 are installed in the same manner. Take the installation of the auxiliary positioning cylinder 38 as an example.
  • the connecting block 41 is bolted to the base and the connecting block 40, and the connecting block 41 and the connecting block 40 are formed as waist-shaped holes and inside.
  • the keyway is set, and the keyway is connected by a key and a proper tolerance is left as a transitional fit. Its function is to ensure the position of the cylinder in the X, Y, and Z directions. Adjusting pads of different thicknesses are arranged between the connecting block 40, the connecting block 41 and the L-shaped connecting block 39 to adjust the positioning error and ensure the relative position of the energy absorbing box components.
  • the fixed block assembly 58 is fastened with the connecting block 40 and the base respectively by screws to ensure the initial reference position of the installation.
  • a support rod 47 is fixed on the base, the top of the support rod 47 is provided with a fool-proof positioning pin 30, and the support plate 48 is provided with a fool-proof positioning hole that matches with the fool-proof positioning pin 30.
  • the support plate clamping assembly 50 of the embodiment of the present invention includes two support plate clamping assemblies 50, and the two support plate clamping assemblies 50 are respectively arranged on both sides of the support plate 48, and the support plate clamping assembly 50 includes The supporting plate clamping cylinder 57 and the supporting plate clamping claws turned over by the supporting plate clamping cylinder 57.
  • the supporting plate clamping cylinder 57 is fixed on the base through an L-shaped connecting block 35.
  • the supporting plate clamping jaw specifically includes a supporting plate pressing arm 36 and a pressing block arranged on the supporting plate pressing arm 36.
  • the pressing block here preferably includes two pressing blocks 33 and 34 respectively.
  • the pressing block 33 and the pressing block 34 realize the loosening and pressing actions through the pressing arm 36.
  • the pressure block 33, the pressure block 34 and the pressure arm 36 are provided with adjusting shims of different thicknesses to ensure the relative position of the clamping.
  • the main positioning pin 46 and the anti-rotation positioning pin 37 are at the diagonal position of the support plate 48, in order to prevent the welding process from splashing the main positioning pin 46 and the anti-rotation positioning
  • the shape of the pin 37 is preferably such that the two pressing blocks 33 in the two supporting plate clamping assemblies 50 are respectively arranged on the upper side of the main positioning pin 46 and the anti-rotation positioning pin 37, and are respectively arranged on the lower side of the two pressing blocks 33
  • the pressing block 33 sleeves the positioning pin 46 and the upper end of the anti-rotation positioning pin 37, so as to align the positioning pin 46 and the anti-rotation positioning pin 37.
  • the positioning pin 37 protects.
  • a support frame 13 is provided on the upper side of the base, and the first side pressing cylinder 14, the second side pressing cylinder 15 and the lower pressing cylinder 18 are respectively mounted on the support frame 13.
  • the first side pressing cylinder 15 includes a first side pressing cylinder 27, the first side pressing cylinder 27 is bolted to the support frame 13, and the first side pressing cylinder 27 and the support frame 13 are in a 45° front-to-rear direction.
  • the first side pressure cylinder 27 is connected with a first side pressure arm 22, the outer end of the first side pressure arm 22 is connected with an L-shaped first side pressure rod 23, and the first side pressure arm 22 is connected to the L-shaped first side pressure rod.
  • Adjusting shims of different thicknesses are arranged between the side pressure rods 23 to ensure the relative position of the clamping.
  • the first side pressure cylinder 27 controls the first side pressure arm 22 to flip, so as to open and compress the left side and the front side of the box body.
  • the second side compression cylinder 15 includes a second side compression cylinder 29, which is bolted to the support frame 13. The front end of the second side compression cylinder 29 is bolted to a rear pressure plate 28, and the right side of the rear pressure plate 28 A second side pressure rod 26 is connected, and adjustment shims of different thicknesses are also provided between the rear pressure plate 28 and the second side pressure rod 26 to ensure the relative position of the clamping.
  • the lower pressing cylinder 18 includes a pressing cylinder 21 bolted to the support frame 13, and the lower end of the pressing cylinder 21 is connected with a pressing block 31.
  • the pressing cylinder 21 controls the pressing block 31 to move downwards, so as to realize the box body 12 is pressed on the support plate 48.
  • the second side pressing cylinder 29 controls the axial movement. If the second side pressing cylinder 29 is arranged directly behind the box body 12, after the welding is completed, the first side pressing cylinder 29 controls the axial movement. When the two side pressure cylinder 29 is retracted to the open state, it may cause scratches on the right side of the box body 12. Therefore, the second side pressure cylinder 29 is preferably arranged obliquely to the box body 12.
  • the second side pressure cylinder 29 The rear end of the second side pressure rod 26 and the rear pressure plate 28 are still arranged in parallel with the right side and the rear side of the box body 12, and when the second side pressure cylinder 2 is contracted, the second side pressure rod 26 and the rear pressure plate 28 are still arranged in parallel with The second side pressure rod 26 gradually moves away from the side of the box body 12 to avoid scratching the box body 12.
  • the inclination angle of the second side pressure cylinder 2 and the box body 12 can be set to 4° to 6°, preferably 5° , To avoid taking up too much space.
  • a proximity switch 43 is provided on the support assembly 20 and the rear pressure plate 28, respectively.
  • the supporting assembly 20 includes a T-shaped block 42 and a supporting block 41 bolted to the upper side of the T-shaped block 42.
  • the upper surface of the support block 41 is carved with a cross groove, which is convenient for the identification of later production wear and adjusts the relative position to ensure the welding accuracy.
  • adjustment pads of different thicknesses are arranged, and the Z-direction distance has been adjusted to ensure the accuracy of the welding position.
  • the proximity switch 43 is installed on the supporting block 41. Specifically, the proximity switch 43 is sleeved and connected with the pressing block 44 and the rear pressing plate 28, and the jack screw is locked.
  • the first side pressure cylinder 27 of the embodiment of the present invention preferably adopts a semi-automatic cylinder.
  • the first side pressure cylinder 27 includes a hand pressure rod 271. After the box body 12 is placed in place, it can be manually pressed down by the hand pressure rod 271. Avoid excessive impact force of automatic pressing down, and automatically retract after welding.
  • the second side pressure cylinder 29 and the support plate clamping cylinder 57 are provided with a protective cover 49 on the outside. Preferably use H62 copper sheet metal protective cover.
  • the main positioning cylinder 55 and the auxiliary positioning cylinder 38 respectively control the main positioning pin 46 and the anti-rotation positioning pin 37 to extend upward, and the two support plate clamping assemblies 50 are both In the open state, the first side pressing cylinder 14 and the lower pressing cylinder 18 are in an open state, and the second side pressing cylinder 15 is in an extended state. Then put the support plate 48, the two support plate clamping assemblies 50 act, press the support plate 48 on the support assembly 20, and then put it into the box 12, because the two side pressing cylinders 15 are in an extended state, they are extended. In the out state, the rear pressure plate 28 and the second side pressure rod 26 can limit the rear and right sides of the box body 12 at this time.
  • the lower pressing cylinder 18 is controlled to press down the box body 12, and then the first side pressing cylinder 14 is manually pressed by the hand pressing rod 271 to press the left side and the front side of the box body 12, and then the welding operation can be performed.
  • the main positioning cylinder 55, the auxiliary positioning cylinder 38, the supporting plate clamping assembly 50, the first side pressing cylinder 14, the lower pressing cylinder 18 and the second side pressing cylinder 15 are all automatically contracted and opened, and the operation Only personnel can remove the welded energy absorbing box.
  • the cylinder control buttons on the button box 13 are preferably provided with two sets on both sides, and the cylinder can be activated only after the buttons on both sides are pressed at the same time, which improves the safety of operation.

Abstract

一种吸能盒自动焊接夹持装置，包括底座，底座上侧设有若干吸能盒夹持部件，吸能盒夹持部件包括设置在底座上的支撑组件（20）、支撑板夹持组件（50）和盒体夹持组件，支撑板夹持组件（50）用以将支撑板（48）固定在支撑组件（20）上侧，盒体夹持组件包括第一侧部压紧缸（14）、第二侧部压紧缸（15）和下压紧缸（18），第一侧部压紧缸（14）和第二侧部压紧缸（15）用于分别对盒体（12）的两个相邻侧面进行压紧限位，下压紧缸（18）用以将盒体（12）压固在支撑板（48）的上侧。所述支撑板夹持组件（50）和第一侧部压紧缸（14）均采用连杆机构的压紧方式，有效解决空间狭小问题，为机器人焊接焊道留出足够空间，保证焊枪姿态可达性，焊缝一次成型，大大提高工人上下件效率，提高焊接可靠性，并提高劳动生产率。

Description

一种吸能盒自动焊接夹持装置 技术领域
本发明涉及吸能盒制造领域，具体涉及一种吸能盒自动焊接夹持装置。
 背景技术
汽车保险杆在现代汽车工业中起到保护乘客和为交通事故中缓冲撞击力的辅助装置作用。其中保险杠的吸能盒对缓冲力的吸收作用非常关键。保险杆和吸能盒之间的焊接质量非常重要，对比传统人工焊接，自动焊接具有保障良好的焊接质量、高稳定性、焊接姿态灵活等诸多优点。这一过程极大地节约人力成本，解放劳动者双手，适应现代企业成本控制和量产的要求。
 技术问题
本发明的目的是针对现有技术存在的不足，提供一种吸能盒自动焊接夹持装置。
 技术解决方案
为实现上述目的，本发明提供了一种吸能盒自动焊接夹持装置，包括底座，所述底座上侧设有若干吸能盒夹持部件，所述吸能盒包括支撑板和设置在支撑板上侧的盒体，所述吸能盒夹持部件包括设置在底座上的支撑组件、支撑板夹持组件和盒体夹持组件，所述支撑板夹持组件用以将支撑板固定在支撑组件上侧，所述盒体夹持组件包括第一侧部压紧缸、第二侧部压紧缸和下压紧缸，所述第一侧部压紧缸和第二侧部压紧缸用于分别对盒体的两个相邻侧面进行压紧限位，所述下压紧缸用以将盒体压固在支撑板的上侧。
进一步的，所述底座上侧还设有自动伸缩定位组件，所述自动伸缩定位组件包括通过若干连接块与底座固定连接的主定位气缸，所述主定位气缸竖向设置，且其上端设有与支撑板配合的主定位销。
进一步的，所述自动伸缩定位组件包括通过若干连接块与底座固定连接的辅定位气缸，所述辅定位气缸竖向设置，且其上端设有与支撑板配合的防转定位销。
进一步的，所述支撑板夹持组件包括两个，两个支撑板夹持组件分别设置在支撑板的两侧，所述支撑板夹持组件包括固定在底座上的支撑板夹持气缸和由支撑板夹持气缸带动翻转的支撑板夹爪。
进一步的，所述主定位销与防转定位销设置在支撑板的对角位置，所述支撑板夹爪包括若干用于压紧支撑板的压块，其中两个压块分别设置在主定位销和防转定位销的上侧，且其下侧分别设有与主定位销和防转定位销配合的凹槽。
进一步的，所述底座上侧设有支撑架，所述第一侧部压紧缸、第二侧部压紧缸和下压紧缸分别安装在支撑架上；所述第一侧部压紧缸包括与支撑架前后方向呈45°夹角设置的第一侧压气缸和由第一侧压气缸控制翻转的第一侧压臂，所述第一侧压臂外端连接有L型第一侧压杆。
进一步的，所述第二侧部压紧缸包括与支撑架螺栓连接的第二侧压气缸、与第二侧压气缸连接的后压板和连接在后压板一侧的第二侧压杆，所述第二侧压气缸与盒体倾斜设置。
进一步的，所述第二侧压气缸与盒体的倾斜角度为4°至6°。
进一步的，所述支撑组件和后压板上分别设有接近开关。
进一步的，所述第一侧压气缸为半自动气缸，所述第二侧压气缸和支撑板夹持气缸的外侧均设有保护罩。
 有益效果
本发明的支撑板夹持组件和第一侧部压紧缸均采用连杆机构的压紧方式，有效解决空间狭小问题，为机器人焊接焊道留出足够空间，保证焊枪姿态可达性，焊缝一次成型，大大提高工人上下件效率，提高焊接可靠性，并提高劳动生产率。压块斜向退回设计以及传感器位置和防呆设计，有效保证吸能盒工件本身的外观完整性和操作人员的安全性。
 附图说明
图1是本发明实施例的吸能盒自动焊接夹持装置的立体结构示意图；
图2是本发明实施例的吸能盒自动焊接夹持装置的正视结构示意图；
图3是图1中A    区域的局部放大示意图；
图4是本发明实施例的吸能盒夹持部件的结构示意图；
图5是本发明实施例的盒体夹持组件的立体结构示意图；
图6是本发明实施例的盒体夹持组件的俯视结构示意图；
图7是本发明实施例的自动伸缩定位组件的结构示意图；
图8是本发明实施例的支撑板夹持组件结构示意图；
图9是本发明实施例的支撑组件的结构示意图。
 本发明的实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施例，进一步阐明本发明，本实施例在以本发明技术方案为前提下进行实施，应理解这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。
如图1至9所示，本发明实施例提供了一种吸能盒自动焊接夹持装置，包括底座，底座包括基板1和螺栓连接在基板1上侧的小基板4，在基板1的两侧设有连接板2，连接板2的外侧设有连接块3，连接块3可以挂接在变位机上，变位机翻转一定角度，便于人工装件以及取件，能够实现与焊接机器人联动焊接，极大地提高生产率。基板1上侧安装有吊环螺钉6以及叉车槽7便于吊装或搬运。为了焊接机器人提供末端工具坐标参考点，在基板1上均布TCP组件9。在底座上侧设有若干吸能盒夹持部件，由于一个汽车保险杠具有两个吸能盒，分别为左吸能盒101和右吸能盒102，因此，本发明实施例的底座上优选设置两个吸能盒夹持部件，分别为左吸能盒夹持部件5和右吸能盒夹持组件8，可以较大效率的利用焊接机器人。左侧吸能盒夹持部件5和右侧吸能盒夹持组件8分别先安装在小基板4上，小基板4与基板1螺栓固定连接，方便实现柔性制造，为后期更换焊接组件提供便利。同时为了便于检测，在小基板4和基板1上设有三座标基准孔组件54。基板1上设减材槽，减轻整体工装重量的同时极大地节约制造成本。在基板1的下侧设有IO箱10和气路盒11，气缸三联件安装在气路盒11中，IO箱的线路从基板1的下方走线，便于外观整齐美观。在基板1的前上侧设有按钮盒13。
本发明实施例的吸能盒包括支撑板48和设置在支撑板48上侧的盒体12，支撑板48与盒体12是焊接固定在一起的，在采用机器人自动焊接前，本装置先将支撑板48与盒体12先夹持固定在一起，以便焊接。本发明实施例的吸能盒夹持部件包括设置在底座上的支撑组件20、支撑板夹持组件50和盒体夹持组件，支撑组件20用来放置支撑板48，支撑板夹持组件50用以将支撑板48固定在支撑组件20上侧，盒体夹持组件包括第一侧部压紧缸14、第二侧部压紧缸15和下压紧缸18，第一侧部压紧缸14和第二侧部压紧缸15用于分别对盒体12的两个相邻侧面进行压紧限位，下压紧缸18用以将盒体12压固在支撑板48的上侧。从而将支撑板48与盒体12固定在预定位置，并保证焊接过程中不发生过大的形变，以此保证焊接质量。
如图3、4和7所示，由于左吸能盒101和右吸能盒102的支撑板48的结构是不同的，并且支撑板48的放置方向也有限制，为了避免将支撑板48放入时出现混淆出错，且为了防止焊接产生形变导致支撑板48较难取下，在底座上侧还设有自动伸缩定位组件，自动伸缩定位组件包括通过若干连接块与底座固定连接的主定位气缸55，主定位气缸55竖向设置，在主定位气缸55的上端设有主定位销46，在支撑板48上设有与主定位销配合的主定位孔。为了防止焊接或压紧过程中支撑板48出现旋转，自动伸缩定位组件还包括通过若干连接块与底座固定连接的辅定位气缸38，辅定位气缸38竖向设置，在辅定位气缸38的上端设有与支撑板48配合的防转定位销37，在支撑板48上设有与防转定位销37配合的防转限位孔。主定位气缸55和辅定位气缸38的安装方式相同，以辅定位气缸38的安装为例说明，连接块41与底座和连接块40螺栓连接，连接块41和连接块40作腰形孔以及内部设键槽，键槽用键连接并留适当公差作过渡配合，其作用为保证气缸在X、Y、Z方向上的位置度。连接块40、连接块41和L形连接块39之间设不同厚度的调整垫片用以调整定位误差，保证吸能盒组件的相对位置。固定块组件58与连接块40和底座分别螺钉紧固连接，用以保证安装初始基准位置。在底座上固定一个支撑杆47，在支撑杆47的顶端设有防呆定位销30，支撑板48上设有与防呆定位销30配合的防呆定位孔。
如图1、3和4所示，本发明实施例的支撑板夹持组件50包括两个，两个支撑板夹持组件50分别设置在支撑板48的两侧，支撑板夹持组件50包括支撑板夹持气缸57和由支撑板夹持气缸57带动翻转的支撑板夹爪。支撑板夹持气缸57通过L型连接块35固定在底座上。支撑板夹爪具体包括支撑板压臂36和设置在支撑板压臂36上的压块，此处的压块优选包括两个，分别为压块33和压块34。压块33和压块34通过压臂36实现松开和压紧动作。压块33和压块34与压臂36之间设有不同厚度的调整垫片，以此保证夹紧的相对位置。
为了提高支撑板48的定位效果，优选将主定位销46与防转定位销37设置在支撑板48的对角位置，为了防止焊接过程中，焊渣喷溅影响主定位销46和防转定位销37的外形，优选将两个支撑板夹持组件50中的两个压块33分别设置在主定位销46和防转定位销37的上侧，在两个压块33的下侧分别设有与主定位销46和防转定位销37配合的凹槽56，在压紧状态下，压块33将定位销46和防转定位销37的上端套合，从而对定位销46和防转定位销37进行保护。
如图5和6所示，在底座上侧设有支撑架13，第一侧部压紧缸14、第二侧部压紧缸15和下压紧缸18分别安装在支撑架13上。具体的，第一侧部压紧缸15包括第一侧压气缸27，第一侧压气缸27螺栓连接在支撑架13上，并且，第一侧压气缸27与支撑架13前后方向呈45°夹角设置，第一侧压气缸27连接有第一侧压臂22，第一侧压臂22的外端连接有L型第一侧压杆23，第一侧压臂22与L型第一侧压杆23之间设有不同厚度的调整垫片，以此保证夹紧的相对位置。第一侧压气缸27控制第一侧压臂22进行翻转，从而实现打开和压紧盒体的左侧和前侧。第二侧部压紧缸15包括第二侧压气缸29，第二侧压气缸29与支撑架13螺栓连接，第二侧压气缸29的前端螺栓连接有后压板28，后压板28的右侧连接有第二侧压杆26，后压板28与第二侧压杆26之间也设有不同厚度的调整垫片，以此保证夹紧的相对位置。第二侧压气缸29向前伸出时，后压板28和第二侧压杆26向前移动，从而分别对盒体12的后侧和右侧进行限位，第二侧压气缸29收缩时，盒体12的后侧和右侧即呈打开状态。下压紧缸18包括螺栓连接在支撑架13上的下压气缸21，下压气缸21的下端连接有下压块31，下压气缸21控制下压块31向下运动，从而实现将盒体12的压紧在支撑板48上。
与第一侧部压紧缸14的控制翻转运动不同，第二侧压气缸29是控制轴向移动，如第二侧压气缸29设置在盒体12的正后方的话，在焊接完成后，第二侧压气缸29退回至打开状态时，可能会对盒体12的右侧造成划伤，因此，第二侧压气缸29优选与盒体12呈倾斜设置，具体的，第二侧压气缸29的后端偏向盒体12的右后侧方向设置，第二侧压杆26和后压板28依然与盒体12的右侧和后侧保持平行设置，在第二侧压气缸2收缩时，使第二侧压杆26逐渐远离盒体12的侧部，从而避免将盒体12划伤，第二侧压气缸2与盒体12的倾斜角度可以设置为4°至6°，优选为5°，避免额外占用过多的空间。
如图4和9所示，为了便于检测支撑板48和盒体12是否放入到位，在支撑组件20和后压板28上分别设有接近开关43。支撑组件20 包括T形块42和螺栓连接在T形块42上侧的支撑块41。支撑块41上表面刻画十字凹槽，便于后期生产磨损识别，调整相对位置保证焊接精度。T形块42和支撑块41之间设有不同厚度的调整垫片，用已调整Z向距离，保证焊接位置精度。接近开关43安装在支撑块41上，具体的，接近开关43与压紧块44和后压板28之间套合连接，顶丝锁紧。
本发明实施例的第一侧压气缸27优选采用半自动气缸，具体的，第一侧压气缸27包括一个手压杆271，将盒体12放到位后，可通过手压杆271手动下压，避免自动下压冲击力过大，焊接完成后自动缩回。为了防止焊接过程中，焊渣喷溅损伤第二侧压气缸29和支撑板夹持气缸57，第二侧压气缸29和支撑板夹持气缸57的外侧均设有保护罩49，保护罩49优选采用H62铜制钣金保护罩。
使用时，在放入支撑座48和盒体12前，主定位气缸55和辅定位气缸38分别控制主定位销46和防转定位销37向上伸出，两个支撑板夹持组件50均呈打开状态，第一侧部压紧缸14和下压紧缸18呈打开状态，第二侧部压紧缸15呈伸出状态。然后放入支撑板48，两个支撑板夹持组件50动作，将支撑板48压在支撑组件20上，然后放入盒体12，由于二侧部压紧缸15呈伸出状态是呈伸出状态的，此时后压板28和第二侧压杆26可以对盒体12进行后侧和右侧进行限位。然后控制下压紧缸18将盒体12下压，再人工通过手压杆271使第一侧部压紧缸14将盒体12的左侧和前侧压紧，即可进行焊接操作。焊接完成后，主定位气缸55、辅定位气缸38、支撑板夹持组件50、第一侧部压紧缸14、下压紧缸18和第二侧部压紧缸15均自动收缩打开，操作人员方可取下焊接后的吸能盒。为了提高安全性，按钮盒13上的气缸控制按钮优选在两侧设置两套，同时按下两侧的按钮后才能使气缸动作，提高操作的安全性。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，其它未具体描述的部分，属于现有技术或公知常识。在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种吸能盒自动焊接夹持装置，包括底座，所述底座上侧设有若干吸能盒夹持部件，所述吸能盒包括支撑板和设置在支撑板上侧的盒体，其特征在于，所述吸能盒夹持部件包括设置在底座上的支撑组件、支撑板夹持组件和盒体夹持组件，所述支撑板夹持组件用以将支撑板固定在支撑组件上侧，所述盒体夹持组件包括第一侧部压紧缸、第二侧部压紧缸和下压紧缸，所述第一侧部压紧缸和第二侧部压紧缸用于分别对盒体的两个相邻侧面进行压紧限位，所述下压紧缸用以将盒体压固在支撑板的上侧。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的吸能盒自动焊接夹持装置，其特征在于，所述底座上侧还设有自动伸缩定位组件，所述自动伸缩定位组件包括通过若干连接块与底座固定连接的主定位气缸，所述主定位气缸竖向设置，且其上端设有与支撑板配合的主定位销。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的吸能盒自动焊接夹持装置，其特征在于，所述自动伸缩定位组件包括通过若干连接块与底座固定连接的辅定位气缸，所述辅定位气缸竖向设置，且其上端设有与支撑板配合的防转定位销。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的吸能盒自动焊接夹持装置，其特征在于，所述支撑板夹持组件包括两个，两个支撑板夹持组件分别设置在支撑板的两侧，所述支撑板夹持组件包括固定在底座上的支撑板夹持气缸和由支撑板夹持气缸带动翻转的支撑板夹爪。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的吸能盒自动焊接夹持装置，其特征在于，所述主定位销与防转定位销设置在支撑板的对角位置，所述支撑板夹爪包括若干用于压紧支撑板的压块，其中两个压块分别设置在主定位销和防转定位销的上侧，且其下侧分别设有与主定位销和防转定位销配合的凹槽。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的吸能盒自动焊接夹持装置，其特征在于，所述底座上侧设有支撑架，所述第一侧部压紧缸、第二侧部压紧缸和下压紧缸分别安装在支撑架上；所述第一侧部压紧缸包括与支撑架前后方向呈45°夹角设置的第一侧压气缸和由第一侧压气缸控制翻转的第一侧压臂，所述第一侧压臂外端连接有L型第一侧压杆。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的吸能盒自动焊接夹持装置，其特征在于，所述第二侧部压紧缸包括与支撑架螺栓连接的第二侧压气缸、与第二侧压气缸连接的后压板和连接在后压板一侧的第二侧压杆，所述第二侧压气缸与盒体倾斜设置。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的吸能盒自动焊接夹持装置，其特征在于，所述第二侧压气缸与盒体的倾斜角度为4°至6°。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的吸能盒自动焊接夹持装置，其特征在于，所述支撑组件和后压板上分别设有接近开关。
  10. 根据权利要求7所述的吸能盒自动焊接夹持装置，其特征在于，所述第一侧压气缸为半自动气缸，所述第二侧压气缸和支撑板夹持气缸的外侧均设有保护罩。
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