WO2021140936A1 - 受光装置 - Google Patents
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- WO2021140936A1 WO2021140936A1 PCT/JP2020/048438 JP2020048438W WO2021140936A1 WO 2021140936 A1 WO2021140936 A1 WO 2021140936A1 JP 2020048438 W JP2020048438 W JP 2020048438W WO 2021140936 A1 WO2021140936 A1 WO 2021140936A1
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- alignment mark
- chip
- receiving device
- light receiving
- light
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F39/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
- H10F39/011—Manufacture or treatment of image sensors covered by group H10F39/12
- H10F39/026—Wafer-level processing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F39/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
- H10F39/10—Integrated devices
- H10F39/12—Image sensors
- H10F39/18—Complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor [CMOS] image sensors; Photodiode array image sensors
- H10F39/182—Colour image sensors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F39/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
- H10F39/80—Constructional details of image sensors
- H10F39/805—Coatings
- H10F39/8053—Colour filters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F39/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
- H10F39/80—Constructional details of image sensors
- H10F39/805—Coatings
- H10F39/8057—Optical shielding
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F39/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
- H10F39/80—Constructional details of image sensors
- H10F39/809—Constructional details of image sensors of hybrid image sensors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F39/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
- H10F39/80—Constructional details of image sensors
- H10F39/811—Interconnections
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10W—GENERIC PACKAGES, INTERCONNECTIONS, CONNECTORS OR OTHER CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10W46/00—Marks applied to devices, e.g. for alignment or identification
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10W—GENERIC PACKAGES, INTERCONNECTIONS, CONNECTORS OR OTHER CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10W46/00—Marks applied to devices, e.g. for alignment or identification
- H10W46/301—Marks applied to devices, e.g. for alignment or identification for alignment
Definitions
- This disclosure relates to a light receiving device.
- Alignment of chips at the time of joining is performed, for example, by detecting an alignment mark provided for alignment on each chip. According to this, by controlling the position of each chip so that the alignment marks provided on each chip have a predetermined positional relationship, the positional relationship between the chips can be controlled with high accuracy.
- the light receiving device includes a first chip including a pixel region provided with sensor pixels, and a processing circuit for processing a sensor signal output from the sensor pixels, and includes the first chip. It includes a laminated second chip and a first alignment mark provided in the pixel region of the first chip corresponding to the second alignment mark provided on the second chip.
- the first chip including the pixel region provided with the sensor pixel and the second chip including the processing circuit for processing the sensor signal output from the sensor pixel are the first.
- the first alignment mark provided in the pixel region of one chip and the second alignment mark provided in the second chip are aligned and laminated.
- the light receiving device can provide the alignment mark for alignment used when stacking the chips with each other in a more efficient arrangement.
- FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the overall configuration of the light receiving device 1.
- the light receiving device 1 is, for example, a back-illuminated CMOS (Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor) image sensor.
- CMOS Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor
- the light receiving device 1 is provided, for example, in a laminated structure of the first chip 10 and the second chip 20.
- the "chip” includes any of a wafer on which a plurality of semiconductor devices are formed and an individual piece (chip) obtained by cutting the wafer for each semiconductor device. That is, the light receiving device 1 may be any of a wafer and a wafer, a wafer and a chip, or a light receiving device in which a chip and a chip are laminated.
- the first chip 10 has a photoelectric conversion function and outputs a sensor signal based on the amount of received light. Specifically, the first chip 10 is provided with a pixel region 50 in which a plurality of sensor pixels 51 are two-dimensionally arranged in a matrix. The first chip 10 photoelectrically converts the received light at each of the sensor pixels 51, and outputs a sensor signal based on the electric charge generated by the photoelectric conversion to the second chip 20.
- the first chip 10 is provided by laminating a multilayer wiring layer 110 on a semiconductor substrate 100.
- the first chip 10 is laminated with the second chip 20 by making the multilayer wiring layer 110 face the multilayer wiring layer 210 of the second chip 20.
- the main surface opposite to the main surface facing the second chip 20 is the light receiving surface.
- the semiconductor substrate 100 is, for example, a substrate made of a semiconductor such as Si (silicon).
- the semiconductor substrate 100 is provided with a photodiode (Photo Diode: PD) for each sensor pixel 51.
- PD Photo Diode
- the multilayer wiring layer 110 includes, for example, an electrode 111, a contact 113, a wiring layer 115, and an interlayer insulating film 117.
- the electrode 111 is provided on the semiconductor substrate 100 and functions as an electrode of a transistor or the like.
- the electrode 111 may be provided, for example, with polysilicon.
- the contact 113 is provided so as to penetrate the interlayer insulating film 117 in the film thickness direction, and electrically connects the electrode 111, the wiring layer 115, and the like.
- the contact 113 may be provided with, for example, a metal such as W (tungsten), Ti (titanium), or Ta (tantalum), or a compound of these metals.
- the interlayer insulating film 117 electrically separates the electrodes 111, the contacts 113, the wiring layer 115, and the like.
- the interlayer insulating film 117 may be provided with, for example, SiO 2 (silicon dioxide) or SiN (silicon nitride).
- the wiring layer 115 outputs the electric charge taken out from the photodiode provided for each sensor pixel 51 and the sensor signal based on the electric charge to the processing circuit or the like.
- the wiring layer 115 may be provided with, for example, a metal such as Cu (copper) or Al (aluminum).
- the first chip 10 is provided with a connection hole 121.
- the connection hole 121 is provided so as to penetrate a part of the multilayer wiring layer 110 and the semiconductor substrate 100, and exposes the pad electrode 122 provided in the multilayer wiring layer 110.
- the pad electrode 122 is provided with, for example, Al (aluminum) or the like, and functions as an external connection terminal for inputting / outputting signals to / from the outside.
- the second chip 20 includes a processing circuit that processes the sensor signal output from the first chip 10. Specifically, the second chip 20 is provided with a plurality of MOSFETs (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor). The second chip 20 processes the sensor signal output from the first chip 10 by a processing circuit composed of a plurality of MOSFETs.
- MOSFETs Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor
- the second chip 20 including the processing circuit for processing the sensor signal is provided smaller in order to increase the theoretical yield that can be formed from one wafer.
- the size of the pixel region 50 including the sensor pixel 51 that receives the incident light is designed based on the optical specifications. Therefore, the plane area of the second chip 20 can be smaller than the plane area of the first chip 10.
- the second chip 20 is provided by laminating the multilayer wiring layer 210 on the semiconductor substrate 200.
- the second chip 20 is laminated with the first chip 10 by making the multilayer wiring layer 210 face the multilayer wiring layer 110 of the first chip 10.
- the multilayer wiring layer 210 includes, for example, an electrode 211, a contact 213, a wiring layer 215, and an interlayer insulating film 217.
- the electrode 211 is provided on the semiconductor substrate 200 and functions as an electrode of a plurality of MOSFETs.
- the electrode 211 may be provided, for example, with polysilicon.
- the contact 213 is provided so as to penetrate the interlayer insulating film 217 in the film thickness direction, and electrically connects the electrode 211, the wiring layer 215, and the like.
- the contact 213 may be provided with, for example, a metal such as W (tungsten), Ti (titanium), or Ta (tantalum), or a compound of these metals.
- the interlayer insulating film 217 electrically separates the electrodes 211, the contacts 213, the wiring layer 215, and the like.
- the interlayer insulating film 217 may be provided, for example, with SiO 2 (silicon dioxide) or SiN (silicon nitride).
- the wiring layer 215 electrically connects a plurality of MOSFETs constituting a processing circuit for processing a sensor signal.
- the wiring layer 215 may be provided with, for example, a metal such as Cu (copper) or Al (aluminum).
- the first chip 10 and the second chip 20 may be electrically connected by, for example, a metal bonding structure 123 such as Cu—Cu bonding.
- the metal bonding structure 123 is formed by bringing metal electrodes exposed on opposite surfaces of the multilayer wiring layer 110 and the multilayer wiring layer 210 into contact with each other and then bonding the metal electrodes to each other by heat treatment or the like.
- the first chip 10 and the second chip 20 may be electrically connected by through electrodes provided between the multilayer wiring layer 110 and the multilayer wiring layer 210.
- a protective layer 31 On the main surface (that is, the light receiving surface) of the first chip 10 opposite to the main surface laminated with the second chip 20, for example, a protective layer 31, an interpixel separation film 32, a color filter 33, and an on-chip lens 34 is provided.
- the protective layer 31 is provided on the light receiving surface side of the semiconductor substrate 100 of the first chip 10 and protects the semiconductor substrate 100 provided with the photodiode from the external environment.
- the protective layer 31 may be provided with, for example, SiO 2 (silicon dioxide) or SiN (silicon nitride).
- the inter-pixel separation film 32 is provided on the light receiving surface side of the semiconductor substrate 100 of the first chip 10 in order to suppress crosstalk between the sensor pixels 51.
- the inter-pixel separation membrane 32 may be provided between each of the sensor pixels 51 by using a light-shielding material such as W (tungsten).
- the color filter 33 is, for example, one of a red (R) filter, a green (G) filter, a blue (B) filter, and a white filter (W).
- the color filter 33 is provided for each sensor pixel 51 in a regular arrangement such as a Bayer arrangement. According to this, the light receiving device 1 can acquire the sensor signal for each color corresponding to the color arrangement of the color filter 33 at each of the sensor pixels 51.
- the on-chip lens 34 is provided on the light receiving surface side of the first chip 10 for each sensor pixel 51.
- the on-chip lens 34 collects the incident light on a photodiode provided for each sensor pixel 51.
- the shape of the on-chip lens 34 can be appropriately designed according to the size of the sensor pixel 51.
- the on-chip lens 34 may be provided with, for example, a transparent organic resin such as an acrylic resin, or SiO 2 (silicon dioxide).
- an embedded insulating layer 41 and a support substrate 40 are provided on the main surface of the second chip 20 opposite to the main surface laminated with the first chip 10.
- the embedded insulating layer 41 is provided so as to embed the second chip 20 on the main surface of the second chip 20 on the side opposite to the main surface laminated with the first chip 10.
- the embedded insulating layer 41 can protect the second chip 20 from the external environment by embedding the second chip 20. Further, the embedded insulating layer 41 embeds the second chip 20 having a plane area smaller than that of the first chip 10, so that the main surface of the second chip 20 opposite to the main surface laminated with the first chip 10 can be formed. Can be flattened.
- the embedded insulating layer 41 may be provided with, for example, an organic resin or an inorganic insulator such as SiO 2 (silicon dioxide) or SiN (silicon nitride).
- the support substrate 40 is provided on the main surface of the embedded insulating layer 41 on the side opposite to the main surface laminated with the second chip 20.
- the support substrate 40 maintains the overall rigidity and strength of the light receiving device 1 by supporting the laminated body of the first chip 10 and the second chip 20.
- the support substrate 40 may be, for example, a resin substrate, a glass substrate, a quartz substrate, a silicon substrate, or the like.
- FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view illustrating the outline of the first alignment mark 119 and the second alignment mark 219 in the first embodiment.
- 3A and 3B are schematic perspective views showing specific examples of the first chip 10 and the second chip 20 to be bonded.
- FIG. 4 is a plan view showing an example of the arrangement of the first alignment mark 119 and the second alignment mark 219 on the first chip 10 and the second chip 20.
- the manufacturing process of the light receiving device 1 includes a step of bonding the first chip 10 and the second chip 20.
- the step of laminating the first chip 10 and the second chip 20 in order to align the positions of the wiring layer 115 and the wiring layer 215 or the positions of the metal bonding structure 123 on each chip, the first chip 10 and the second chip are aligned. It is important to control the bonding position of 20 with high accuracy.
- the first alignment mark 119 is provided on the multilayer wiring layer 110 of the first chip 10
- the second alignment mark 219 is provided on the multilayer wiring layer 210 of the second chip 20.
- the first alignment mark 119 and the second alignment mark 219 are detected by using the detection light DL, so that the first chip 10 and the second chip 20 are on a flat surface. It is possible to control the positional relationship of.
- the detection of the first alignment mark 119 and the second alignment mark 219 is performed by detecting the reflected light of the detection light DL by the first alignment mark 119 and the second alignment mark 219.
- the first alignment mark 119 and the second alignment mark 219 may be provided with a metal material such as Al (aluminum).
- the first alignment mark 119 and the second alignment mark 219 may be provided on the bonding surface side of the multilayer wiring layer 110 and the multilayer wiring layer 210, respectively, in order to further improve the alignment accuracy.
- the chip area of the first chip 10 can be used more efficiently by providing the first alignment mark 119 inside the pixel area 50 of the first chip 10. Further, in the light receiving device 1 according to the present embodiment, it is possible to more flexibly control the bonding position of the second chip 20 with respect to the first chip 10.
- a first wafer 11 (corresponding to the first chip 10) on which a plurality of semiconductor devices 11A are formed and a second wafer 21 (second) on which a plurality of semiconductor devices 21A are formed.
- the first alignment mark 119 and the second alignment mark 219 are attached to the chip 20
- the first alignment mark 119 and the second alignment mark 219 are provided for each of the first wafer 11 and the second wafer 21. Therefore, after the first wafer 11 and the second wafer 21 are cut into individual pieces to form a laminate of the semiconductor device 11A and the semiconductor device 21A, each of the laminates of the semiconductor device 11A and the semiconductor device 21A has a first The alignment mark 119 and the second alignment mark 219 will not remain.
- the semiconductor devices 11A (corresponding to the first chip 10) formed on the first wafer 11 are individually separated into the semiconductor devices 22A and 23A (on the second chip 20).
- the first alignment mark 119 and the second alignment mark 219 are provided for each of the semiconductor device 11A and the semiconductor devices 22A and 23A. Therefore, even after the first wafer 11 is cut into individual pieces to form a laminate of the semiconductor device 11A and the semiconductor devices 22A and 23A, the first alignment is formed on each of the laminates of the semiconductor device 11A and the semiconductor devices 22A and 23A.
- the mark 119 and the second alignment mark 219 will remain.
- the first alignment mark 119 when the first alignment mark 119 is not provided inside the pixel region 50 of the semiconductor device 11A (corresponding to the first chip 10), a region for the first alignment mark 119 is separately provided in the semiconductor device 11A. become. In such a case, the size of the semiconductor device 11A becomes larger. Further, when the first alignment mark 119 is not provided inside the pixel region 50 of the semiconductor device 11A, the size of the semiconductor device 11A and the individualized semiconductor devices 22A and 23A (corresponding to the second chip 20) are large. Therefore, there is a possibility that the bonding position of the second chip 20 with respect to the first chip 10 is not appropriate.
- the first alignment mark 119 and the second alignment mark 219 are arranged more efficiently by providing the first alignment mark 119 inside the pixel region 50 of the first chip 10. Can be done. According to this, in the light receiving device 1, the bonding position of the second chip 20 with respect to the first chip 10 and the size of the second chip 20 can be changed more flexibly. Further, the light receiving device 1 can attach a plurality of second chips 20 provided with processing circuits having different functions to appropriate positions of the first chip 10 for each function.
- the detection light DL may be incident on, for example, from the semiconductor substrate 200 side of the second chip 20.
- the multilayer wiring layer 210 and the semiconductor substrate 200 in the region provided with the first alignment mark 119 and the second alignment mark 219 Is preferably not provided with elements such as a wiring layer 215 and a transistor.
- the first alignment mark 119 and the second alignment mark 219 are the first chip 10 and the first chip 10. At least two or more may be provided on the second chip 20. In such a case, any one or more of the first alignment mark 119 and the second alignment mark 219 provided in two or more are provided inside the pixel region 50. Therefore, according to the light receiving device 1 according to the present embodiment, the first alignment mark 119 and the second alignment mark 219 can be provided at a plurality of places, so that the first chip 10 and the second chip 20 can improve the alignment accuracy. Can be enhanced.
- the first alignment mark 119 and the second alignment mark 219 are two diagonally present on the rectangular shape of the second chip 20. It may be provided at least in the corner. In such a case, the first alignment mark 119 and the second alignment mark 219 can efficiently improve the alignment accuracy of the first chip 10 and the second chip 20 even in a smaller number of places.
- the first alignment mark 119 and the second alignment mark 219 are provided at least at four corners of the rectangular shape of the second chip 20. May be done. In such a case, the first alignment mark 119 and the second alignment mark 219 can further improve the alignment accuracy of the first chip 10 and the second chip 20.
- FIGS. 5A and 5B are schematic views showing a configuration example of the first alignment mark 119 and the second alignment mark 219. Note that FIGS. 5A and 5B show the planar shapes when the first alignment mark 119 and the second alignment mark 219 are viewed in a plan view from the stacking direction of the light receiving device 1.
- the planar shapes of the first alignment mark 119 and the second alignment mark 219 may be provided in shapes corresponding to each other in order to perform alignment on the planar surface.
- the first alignment mark 119 may be provided in a rectangular shape
- the second alignment mark 219 may be provided in a rectangular frame shape surrounding the circumference of the first alignment mark 119.
- the first alignment mark 119 and the second alignment mark 219 can measure the distance between the first alignment mark 119 and the second alignment mark 219 in two directions orthogonal to each other (in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction in FIG. 5A). .. Therefore, by controlling the distance between the first alignment mark 119 and the second alignment mark 219 in the two directions (that is, the vertical direction and the horizontal direction) orthogonal to each other to a predetermined value, the first chip 10 and the second chip 20 are predetermined. It is possible to have a positional relationship of.
- the planar shapes of the first alignment mark 119 and the second alignment mark 219 are interchangeable. That is, the second alignment mark 219 may be provided in a rectangular shape, and the first alignment mark 119 may be provided in a rectangular frame shape surrounding the circumference of the second alignment mark 219.
- the first alignment mark 119 and the second alignment mark 219 may have a planar shape formed by arranging a plurality of conductor layers 619 extending in the same direction in parallel.
- the conductor layer 619 can function as a polarizer. Specifically, the conductor layer 619 can reflect linearly polarized light oscillating in a direction parallel to the extending direction and transmit linearly polarized light oscillating in a direction orthogonal to the extending direction.
- the first alignment mark 119 and the second alignment mark 219 composed of the plurality of conductor layers 619 are made of Al (
- the detection light DL can be reflected in the same manner as when it is formed of a single film (that is, a solid film) of a metal material such as aluminum).
- the first alignment mark 119 and the second alignment mark 219 are composed of a plurality of conductor layers 619, so that the pattern density can be lowered. According to this, the light receiving device 1 can suppress the reflection of light by the first alignment mark 119 and the second alignment mark 219. Therefore, the light receiving device 1 can suppress the increase of background noise in the sensor pixel 51 in the region where the first alignment mark 119 and the second alignment mark 219 are provided.
- the repeating pitch pa on which the conductor layer 619 is provided is equal to or smaller than the size of the sensor pixel 51.
- the repeating pitch pa on which the conductor layer 619 is provided is preferably 5 ⁇ m or less.
- the repeating pitch pa on which the conductor layer 619 is provided may be uniform or non-uniform.
- the size of the sensor pixel 51 means the size (length of one side) of the minimum repeating pattern of pixels capable of reading out the charge photoelectrically converted by the photodiode.
- the size of the sensor pixel 51 may be the length of one side of the square shape.
- the size of the sensor pixel 51 may be the length of the short side of the rectangular shape.
- 6A to 6C are schematic views illustrating variations in the planar shape of the first alignment mark 119 and the second alignment mark 219.
- 6A to 6C show the planar shapes when the first alignment mark 119 and the second alignment mark 219 are viewed in a plan view from the stacking direction of the light receiving device 1.
- the first alignment mark 119 may be provided in a shape in which the vertices of the four corners are removed from the rectangular frame shape and the four sides are separated from each other.
- the second alignment mark 219 may be provided in a frame shape surrounding the circumference of the first alignment mark 119. According to such a planar shape, the first alignment mark 119 and the second alignment mark 219 are located on the sides of the frame shape of each other and are orthogonal to each other in two directions (vertical direction and horizontal direction in FIG. 6A). It becomes possible to measure the interval.
- the first alignment mark 119 may be provided in five rectangular shapes arranged at positions corresponding to the vertices and centers of the quadrangle.
- the second alignment mark 219 includes a rectangular shape in the center of the first alignment mark 119, and has a polygonal shape extending in a cross shape between the four rectangular shapes of the first alignment mark 119, and the first alignment mark 119. It may be provided in a frame shape surrounding the four rectangular shapes. According to such a planar shape, the first alignment mark 119 and the second alignment mark 219 are formed between the five rectangular shapes of the first alignment mark 119 and the polygonal shape or the frame shape of the second alignment mark 219. , It is possible to measure the distance between each other in two directions orthogonal to each other (in FIG. 6B, the vertical direction and the horizontal direction).
- the first alignment mark 119 may be provided in a cross shape consisting of two straight lines orthogonal to each other.
- the second alignment mark 219 may be provided in four rectangular shapes arranged at positions sandwiching the two straight lines forming the cross shape of the first alignment mark 119. According to such a planar shape, the first alignment mark 119 and the second alignment mark 219 have two directions orthogonal to each other between the cross shape and the four rectangular shapes (vertical direction and horizontal direction in FIG. 6C). It is possible to measure the distance between each other.
- the distance between the first alignment mark 119 and the second alignment mark 219 in the two directions (that is, the vertical direction and the horizontal direction) orthogonal to each other is controlled to a predetermined value. Therefore, the first chip 10 and the second chip 20 can be in a predetermined positional relationship.
- the first alignment mark 119 and the second alignment mark 219 shown in FIGS. 6A to 6C may also be composed of a plurality of conductor layers 619 extending in parallel in the same direction as in FIG. 5B. Further, also in FIGS. 6A to 6C, the planar shapes of the first alignment mark 119 and the second alignment mark 219 are interchangeable.
- FIGS. 7 to 9. 7 and 8 are vertical cross-sectional views for explaining the outline of the first alignment mark 129 and the second alignment mark 229 in the second embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing a configuration example of the first alignment mark 129 and the second alignment mark 229 superimposed on the wiring layer 115. Note that FIG. 9 shows the planar shape when the first alignment mark 129 and the second alignment mark 229 are viewed in a plan view from the stacking direction of the light receiving device 1.
- the first alignment mark 129 is provided inside the pixel region 50 of the first chip 10
- the region where the first alignment mark 129 and the second alignment mark 229 are provided is provided.
- the first chip 10 (that is, the multilayer wiring layer 110 and the semiconductor substrate 100) is provided with a photodiode and a wiring layer 115.
- the second chip 20 (that is, the multilayer wiring layer 210 and the semiconductor substrate 200) in the region where the first alignment mark 119 and the second alignment mark 219 are provided is provided. ), It is desired that an element such as a wiring layer 215 and a transistor is provided in the same region as in other regions.
- the second chip 20 in the region where the first alignment mark 119 and the second alignment mark 219 are provided is provided with elements such as a wiring layer 215 and a transistor, as in the other regions. ..
- the detection light DL transmits through the wiring layer 115 (FIG. 7) provided in the multilayer wiring layer 110 or the wiring layer 215 (FIG. 8) provided in the multilayer wiring layer 210. , It is desired that the light is reflected by the first alignment mark 129 and the second alignment mark 229.
- the wiring layers 115 and 215 in the region where the first alignment mark 129 and the second alignment mark 229 are provided are provided so as to extend in parallel in the same direction. Be done.
- the wiring layers 115 and 215 may be provided with, for example, a metal such as Cu (copper) or Al (aluminum).
- the plurality of wiring layers 115 and 215 extending in parallel in the same direction form a so-called wire grid, they can function as a polarizer.
- such wiring layers 115 and 215 can reflect linearly polarized light oscillating in a direction parallel to the extending direction and transmit linearly polarized light oscillating in a direction orthogonal to the extending direction. Therefore, by using linearly polarized light that vibrates in the direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the wiring layers 115 and 215 for the detection light DL, the detection light DL passes through the wiring layers 115 and 215 and exists on the back side in the irradiation direction. It can be reflected by the first alignment mark 129 and the second alignment mark 229.
- the arrangement pitch of the plurality of wiring layers 115 and 215 extending in parallel in the same direction may be appropriately selected depending on, for example, the wavelength of the light used for the detection light DL. Specifically, even if the arrangement pitch of the wiring layers 115 and 215 is selected so as to more efficiently transmit the detection light DL, which is linearly polarized light that vibrates in the direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the wiring layers 115 and 215. Good.
- the plane shapes of the first alignment mark 129 and the second alignment mark 229 are provided in shapes corresponding to each other in order to perform alignment on the plane, as in the first embodiment.
- the first alignment mark 129 may be provided in a rectangular shape
- the second alignment mark 229 may be provided in a rectangular frame shape surrounding the circumference of the first alignment mark 129. Since the materials and configurations of the first alignment mark 129 and the second alignment mark 229 are substantially the same as those of the first embodiment, detailed description thereof will be omitted here.
- the planar shapes of the first alignment mark 129 and the second alignment mark 229 are interchangeable. That is, the second alignment mark 229 may be provided in a rectangular shape, and the first alignment mark 129 may be provided in a rectangular frame shape surrounding the circumference of the second alignment mark 229.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing a configuration example of the wiring layers 115 and 215 in the modified example of the second embodiment.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing a configuration example of the first alignment mark 129 and the second alignment mark 229.
- the region where the first alignment mark 129 and the second alignment mark 229 and the first alignment mark 129 and the second alignment mark 229 are provided is provided.
- the wiring layer 115 and the wiring layer 215 may be provided with a wire grid structure extending in a direction orthogonal to each other.
- the wiring layers 115 and the wiring layers 215 provided in the multilayer wiring layers 110 and 210 are used as wirings extending in parallel with each other in the first direction (Y direction in FIG. 10). It may be provided. Further, in the first alignment mark 129 and the second alignment mark 229, as shown in FIG. 11, a plurality of conductor layers 629 extending in the second direction (X direction in FIG. 11) orthogonal to the first direction are arranged in parallel. By doing so, a planar shape may be formed.
- the wiring layer 115 and the wiring layer 215, and the first alignment mark 129 and the second alignment mark 229 can function as a polarizer. Therefore, the wiring layer 115 and the wiring layer 215 can reflect the linearly polarized light vibrating in the Y direction and transmit the linearly polarized light vibrating in the X direction. Further, the first alignment mark 129 and the second alignment mark 229 can reflect the linearly polarized light vibrating in the X direction and transmit the linearly polarized light vibrating in the Y direction.
- the detection light DL passes through the wiring layer 115 and the wiring layer 215 and is first aligned. It will be reflected at the mark 129 and the second alignment mark 229.
- the detection light DL is the wiring layer 115 and the wiring layer 215 provided so as to be superimposed on the first alignment mark 129 and the second alignment mark 229.
- the first alignment mark 129 and the second alignment mark 229 can be detected without being reflected or scattered.
- the linearly polarized light transmitted through the first alignment mark 129 and the second alignment mark 229 can be reflected by the wiring layer 115 or the wiring layer 215 provided behind the first alignment mark 129 and the second alignment mark 229.
- the sex can be reduced. Therefore, in the light receiving device 1 according to the modified example of the second embodiment, the detection noise can be reduced by suppressing the reflection of the detection light DL inside the light receiving device 1.
- the wiring layer 115 and the wiring layer 215 may be provided with a metal such as Cu (copper) or Al (aluminum), for example.
- the arrangement pitch pw of the wiring layers 115 and 215 is preferably less than or equal to the size of the sensor pixel 51, and specifically preferably less than or equal to 5 ⁇ m, from the viewpoint of suppressing reflection of reflected light on the sensor pixel 51. .. Further, when near-infrared light is used as the detection light DL, the arrangement pitch pw of the wiring layers 115 and 215 is preferably 1 ⁇ m or less, which is the wavelength of the near-infrared light, from the viewpoint of further enhancing the characteristics of the polarizer. ..
- the conductor layer 629 constituting the first alignment mark 129 and the second alignment mark 229 may be provided with, for example, a metal material such as Al (aluminum).
- the repeating pitch pa of the conductor layer 629 constituting the first alignment mark 129 and the second alignment mark 229 is preferably smaller than or equal to the size of the sensor pixel 51 in order to suppress reflection of incident light on the sensor pixel 51.
- the size of the sensor pixel 51 is the size of the minimum repeating pattern (length of one side) of the pixel capable of reading out the charge photoelectrically converted by the photodiode, as described in the first embodiment. means.
- FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing an example of a schematic configuration of an imaging system 900 including the light receiving device 1 according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing the flow of the imaging operation in the imaging system 900.
- the imaging system 900 is, for example, an imaging device such as a digital still camera or a video camera, or a mobile terminal device having an imaging function such as a smartphone or a tablet terminal.
- the image pickup system 900 includes, for example, a lens group 941, a shutter 942, a light receiving device 1 according to the present embodiment, a DSP circuit 943, a frame memory 944, a display unit 945, a storage unit 946, and an operation unit 947.
- a power supply unit 948 is provided.
- the light receiving device 1, the DSP circuit 943, the frame memory 944, the display unit 945, the storage unit 946, the operation unit 947, and the power supply unit 948 are connected to each other via the bus line 949.
- the light receiving device 1 receives the incident light that has passed through the lens group 941 and the shutter 942, and outputs a sensor signal (that is, image data) corresponding to the received light.
- the DSP circuit 943 is a signal processing circuit that processes image data output from the light receiving device 1.
- the frame memory 944 temporarily holds the image data processed by the DSP circuit 943 in frame units.
- the display unit 945 is a panel-type display device such as a liquid crystal panel or an organic EL (Electroluminescence) panel, and displays image data processed by the DSP circuit 943.
- the storage unit 946 includes a recording medium such as a semiconductor memory or a hard disk, and records the image data output from the light receiving device 1 or the image data processed by the DSP circuit 943.
- the operation unit 947 outputs operation commands for various functions of the image pickup system 900 based on the operation by the user.
- the power supply unit 948 is various power sources that supply the operating power of the light receiving device 1, the DSP circuit 943, the frame memory 944, the display unit 945, the storage unit 946, and the operation unit 947.
- the user instructs the start of light reception by operating the operation unit 947 (S101).
- the operation unit 947 transmits a light receiving command to the light receiving device 1 (S102).
- the light receiving device 1 starts receiving light in a predetermined manner (S103).
- the light receiving device 1 outputs image data corresponding to the received light to the DSP circuit 943.
- the DSP circuit 943 performs predetermined signal processing (for example, noise reduction processing) on the image data output from the light receiving device 1 (S104).
- the DSP circuit 943 holds the image data to which the predetermined signal processing has been performed in the frame memory 944.
- the frame memory 944 stores the image data in the storage unit 946 (S105). In this way, the operation of the imaging system 900 is performed.
- the technology according to the present disclosure can be applied to various products.
- the technology according to the present disclosure is applied to a device mounted on a moving body of any kind such as an automobile, an electric vehicle, a hybrid electric vehicle, a motorcycle, a bicycle, a personal mobility, an airplane, a drone, a ship, and a robot. You may.
- FIG. 14 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration example of a vehicle control system, which is an example of a mobile control system to which the technique according to the present disclosure can be applied.
- the vehicle control system 12000 includes a plurality of electronic control units connected via the communication network 12001.
- the vehicle control system 12000 includes a drive system control unit 12010, a body system control unit 12020, an outside information detection unit 12030, an in-vehicle information detection unit 12040, and an integrated control unit 12050.
- a microcomputer 12051, an audio image output unit 12052, and an in-vehicle network I / F (interface) 12053 are shown as a functional configuration of the integrated control unit 12050.
- the drive system control unit 12010 controls the operation of the device related to the drive system of the vehicle according to various programs.
- the drive system control unit 12010 provides a driving force generator for generating the driving force of the vehicle such as an internal combustion engine or a driving motor, a driving force transmission mechanism for transmitting the driving force to the wheels, and a steering angle of the vehicle. It functions as a control device such as a steering mechanism for adjusting and a braking device for generating braking force of the vehicle.
- the body system control unit 12020 controls the operation of various devices mounted on the vehicle body according to various programs.
- the body system control unit 12020 functions as a keyless entry system, a smart key system, a power window device, or a control device for various lamps such as headlamps, back lamps, brake lamps, blinkers or fog lamps.
- the body system control unit 12020 may be input with radio waves transmitted from a portable device that substitutes for the key or signals of various switches.
- the body system control unit 12020 receives inputs of these radio waves or signals and controls a vehicle door lock device, a power window device, a lamp, and the like.
- the vehicle outside information detection unit 12030 detects information outside the vehicle equipped with the vehicle control system 12000.
- the image pickup unit 12031 is connected to the vehicle exterior information detection unit 12030.
- the vehicle outside information detection unit 12030 causes the image pickup unit 12031 to capture an image of the outside of the vehicle and receives the captured image.
- the vehicle exterior information detection unit 12030 may perform object detection processing or distance detection processing such as a person, a vehicle, an obstacle, a sign, or a character on the road surface based on the received image.
- the imaging unit 12031 is an optical sensor that receives light and outputs an electric signal according to the amount of the light received.
- the image pickup unit 12031 can output an electric signal as an image or can output it as distance measurement information. Further, the light received by the imaging unit 12031 may be visible light or invisible light such as infrared light.
- the in-vehicle information detection unit 12040 detects the in-vehicle information.
- a driver state detection unit 12041 that detects the driver's state is connected to the in-vehicle information detection unit 12040.
- the driver state detection unit 12041 includes, for example, a camera that images the driver, and the in-vehicle information detection unit 12040 determines the degree of fatigue or concentration of the driver based on the detection information input from the driver state detection unit 12041. It may be calculated, or it may be determined whether or not the driver has fallen asleep.
- the microcomputer 12051 calculates the control target value of the driving force generator, the steering mechanism, or the braking device based on the information inside and outside the vehicle acquired by the vehicle exterior information detection unit 12030 or the vehicle interior information detection unit 12040, and the drive system control unit.
- a control command can be output to 12010.
- the microcomputer 12051 realizes ADAS (Advanced Driver Assistance System) functions including vehicle collision avoidance or impact mitigation, follow-up driving based on inter-vehicle distance, vehicle speed maintenance driving, vehicle collision warning, vehicle lane deviation warning, and the like. It is possible to perform cooperative control for the purpose of.
- ADAS Advanced Driver Assistance System
- the microcomputer 12051 controls the driving force generator, the steering mechanism, the braking device, and the like based on the information around the vehicle acquired by the vehicle exterior information detection unit 12030 or the vehicle interior information detection unit 12040. It is possible to perform coordinated control for the purpose of automatic driving, etc., which runs autonomously without depending on the operation.
- the microcomputer 12051 can output a control command to the body system control unit 12020 based on the information outside the vehicle acquired by the vehicle exterior information detection unit 12030.
- the microcomputer 12051 controls the headlamps according to the position of the preceding vehicle or the oncoming vehicle detected by the external information detection unit 12030, and performs coordinated control for the purpose of anti-glare such as switching the high beam to the low beam. It can be carried out.
- the audio image output unit 12052 transmits an output signal of at least one of audio and an image to an output device capable of visually or audibly notifying information to the passenger or the outside of the vehicle.
- an audio speaker 12061, a display unit 12062, and an instrument panel 12063 are exemplified as output devices.
- the display unit 12062 may include, for example, at least one of an onboard display and a heads-up display.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing an example of the installation position of the imaging unit 12031.
- the vehicle 12100 has image pickup units 12101, 12102, 12103, 12104, 12105 as the image pickup unit 12031.
- the imaging units 12101, 12102, 12103, 12104, 12105 are provided at positions such as the front nose, side mirrors, rear bumpers, back doors, and the upper part of the windshield in the vehicle interior of the vehicle 12100, for example.
- the image pickup unit 12101 provided on the front nose and the image pickup section 12105 provided on the upper part of the windshield in the vehicle interior mainly acquire an image in front of the vehicle 12100.
- the imaging units 12102 and 12103 provided in the side mirrors mainly acquire images of the side of the vehicle 12100.
- the imaging unit 12104 provided on the rear bumper or the back door mainly acquires an image of the rear of the vehicle 12100.
- the images in front acquired by the imaging units 12101 and 12105 are mainly used for detecting a preceding vehicle or a pedestrian, an obstacle, a traffic light, a traffic sign, a lane, or the like.
- FIG. 15 shows an example of the photographing range of the imaging units 12101 to 12104.
- the imaging range 12111 indicates the imaging range of the imaging unit 12101 provided on the front nose
- the imaging ranges 12112 and 12113 indicate the imaging ranges of the imaging units 12102 and 12103 provided on the side mirrors, respectively
- the imaging range 12114 indicates the imaging range of the imaging units 12102 and 12103.
- the imaging range of the imaging unit 12104 provided on the rear bumper or the back door is shown. For example, by superimposing the image data captured by the imaging units 12101 to 12104, a bird's-eye view image of the vehicle 12100 as viewed from above can be obtained.
- At least one of the imaging units 12101 to 12104 may have a function of acquiring distance information.
- at least one of the image pickup units 12101 to 12104 may be a stereo camera composed of a plurality of image pickup elements, or may be an image pickup element having pixels for phase difference detection.
- the microcomputer 12051 has a distance to each three-dimensional object within the imaging range 12111 to 12114 based on the distance information obtained from the imaging units 12101 to 12104, and a temporal change of this distance (relative velocity with respect to the vehicle 12100).
- a predetermined speed for example, 0 km / h or more.
- the microcomputer 12051 can set an inter-vehicle distance to be secured in front of the preceding vehicle in advance, and can perform automatic braking control (including follow-up stop control), automatic acceleration control (including follow-up start control), and the like. In this way, it is possible to perform coordinated control for the purpose of automatic driving or the like in which the vehicle travels autonomously without depending on the operation of the driver.
- the microcomputer 12051 converts three-dimensional object data related to a three-dimensional object into two-wheeled vehicles, ordinary vehicles, large vehicles, pedestrians, utility poles, and other three-dimensional objects based on the distance information obtained from the imaging units 12101 to 12104. It can be classified and extracted and used for automatic avoidance of obstacles. For example, the microcomputer 12051 distinguishes obstacles around the vehicle 12100 into obstacles that can be seen by the driver of the vehicle 12100 and obstacles that are difficult to see. Then, the microcomputer 12051 determines the collision risk indicating the risk of collision with each obstacle, and when the collision risk is equal to or higher than the set value and there is a possibility of collision, the microcomputer 12051 is used via the audio speaker 12061 or the display unit 12062. By outputting an alarm to the driver and performing forced deceleration and avoidance steering via the drive system control unit 12010, driving support for collision avoidance can be provided.
- At least one of the imaging units 12101 to 12104 may be an infrared camera that detects infrared rays.
- the microcomputer 12051 can recognize a pedestrian by determining whether or not a pedestrian is present in the captured image of the imaging units 12101 to 12104.
- pedestrian recognition includes, for example, a procedure for extracting feature points in an image captured by an imaging unit 12101 to 12104 as an infrared camera, and pattern matching processing for a series of feature points indicating the outline of an object to determine whether or not the pedestrian is a pedestrian. It is done by the procedure to determine.
- the audio image output unit 12052 When the microcomputer 12051 determines that a pedestrian is present in the captured images of the imaging units 12101 to 12104 and recognizes the pedestrian, the audio image output unit 12052 outputs a square contour line for emphasizing the recognized pedestrian.
- the display unit 12062 is controlled so as to superimpose and display. Further, the audio image output unit 12052 may control the display unit 12062 so as to display an icon or the like indicating a pedestrian at a desired position.
- the above is an example of a mobile control system to which the technology according to the present disclosure can be applied.
- the technique according to the present disclosure can be applied to the imaging unit 12031 among the configurations described above. According to the technique according to the present disclosure, since the imaging unit 12031 can be made smaller, it can be more easily attached to a moving body.
- the technology according to the present disclosure (Application to endoscopic surgery system)
- the technology according to the present disclosure (the present technology) can be applied to various products.
- the techniques according to the present disclosure may be applied to endoscopic surgery systems.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram showing an example of a schematic configuration of an endoscopic surgery system to which the technique according to the present disclosure (the present technique) can be applied.
- FIG. 16 shows a surgeon (doctor) 11131 performing surgery on patient 11132 on patient bed 11133 using the endoscopic surgery system 11000.
- the endoscopic surgery system 11000 includes an endoscope 11100, other surgical tools 11110 such as an abdominal tube 11111 and an energy treatment tool 11112, and a support arm device 11120 that supports the endoscope 11100.
- a cart 11200 equipped with various devices for endoscopic surgery.
- the endoscope 11100 is composed of a lens barrel 11101 in which a region having a predetermined length from the tip is inserted into the body cavity of the patient 11132, and a camera head 11102 connected to the base end of the lens barrel 11101.
- the endoscope 11100 configured as a so-called rigid mirror having a rigid barrel 11101 is illustrated, but the endoscope 11100 may be configured as a so-called flexible mirror having a flexible barrel. Good.
- An opening in which an objective lens is fitted is provided at the tip of the lens barrel 11101.
- a light source device 11203 is connected to the endoscope 11100, and the light generated by the light source device 11203 is guided to the tip of the lens barrel by a light guide extending inside the lens barrel 11101 to be an objective. It is irradiated toward the observation target in the body cavity of the patient 11132 through the lens.
- the endoscope 11100 may be a direct endoscope, a perspective mirror, or a side endoscope.
- An optical system and an image sensor are provided inside the camera head 11102, and the reflected light (observation light) from the observation target is focused on the image sensor by the optical system.
- the observation light is photoelectrically converted by the image pickup device, and an electric signal corresponding to the observation light, that is, an image signal corresponding to the observation image is generated.
- the image signal is transmitted as RAW data to the camera control unit (CCU: Camera Control Unit) 11201.
- CCU Camera Control Unit
- the CCU11201 is composed of a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), and the like, and comprehensively controls the operations of the endoscope 11100 and the display device 11202. Further, the CCU 11201 receives an image signal from the camera head 11102, and performs various image processing on the image signal for displaying an image based on the image signal, such as development processing (demosaic processing).
- a CPU Central Processing Unit
- GPU Graphics Processing Unit
- the display device 11202 displays an image based on the image signal processed by the CCU 11201 under the control of the CCU 11201.
- the light source device 11203 is composed of, for example, a light source such as an LED (Light Emitting Diode), and supplies irradiation light to the endoscope 11100 when photographing an operating part or the like.
- a light source such as an LED (Light Emitting Diode)
- LED Light Emitting Diode
- the input device 11204 is an input interface for the endoscopic surgery system 11000.
- the user can input various information and input instructions to the endoscopic surgery system 11000 via the input device 11204.
- the user inputs an instruction to change the imaging conditions (type of irradiation light, magnification, focal length, etc.) by the endoscope 11100.
- the treatment tool control device 11205 controls the drive of the energy treatment tool 11112 for cauterizing, incising, sealing a blood vessel, or the like of a tissue.
- the pneumoperitoneum device 11206 uses a gas in the pneumoperitoneum tube 11111 to inflate the body cavity of the patient 11132 for the purpose of securing the field of view by the endoscope 11100 and securing the work space of the operator.
- the recorder 11207 is a device capable of recording various information related to surgery.
- the printer 11208 is a device capable of printing various information related to surgery in various formats such as text, images, and graphs.
- the light source device 11203 that supplies the irradiation light to the endoscope 11100 when photographing the surgical site can be composed of, for example, an LED, a laser light source, or a white light source composed of a combination thereof.
- a white light source is configured by combining RGB laser light sources, the output intensity and output timing of each color (each wavelength) can be controlled with high accuracy. Therefore, the light source device 11203 adjusts the white balance of the captured image. It can be carried out.
- the laser light from each of the RGB laser light sources is irradiated to the observation target in a time-division manner, and the drive of the image sensor of the camera head 11102 is controlled in synchronization with the irradiation timing to correspond to each of RGB. It is also possible to capture the image in a time-division manner. According to this method, a color image can be obtained without providing a color filter on the image sensor.
- the drive of the light source device 11203 may be controlled so as to change the intensity of the output light at predetermined time intervals.
- the drive of the image sensor of the camera head 11102 in synchronization with the timing of changing the light intensity to acquire an image in a time-divided manner and synthesizing the image, so-called high dynamic without blackout and overexposure. A range image can be generated.
- the light source device 11203 may be configured to be able to supply light in a predetermined wavelength band corresponding to special light observation.
- special light observation for example, by utilizing the wavelength dependence of light absorption in body tissue to irradiate light in a narrow band as compared with the irradiation light (that is, white light) in normal observation, the surface layer of the mucous membrane.
- a so-called narrow band imaging is performed in which a predetermined tissue such as a blood vessel is photographed with high contrast.
- fluorescence observation may be performed in which an image is obtained by fluorescence generated by irradiating with excitation light.
- the body tissue is irradiated with excitation light to observe the fluorescence from the body tissue (autofluorescence observation), or a reagent such as indocyanine green (ICG) is locally injected into the body tissue and the body tissue is injected. It is possible to obtain a fluorescence image by irradiating excitation light corresponding to the fluorescence wavelength of the reagent.
- the light source device 11203 may be configured to be capable of supplying narrow band light and / or excitation light corresponding to such special light observation.
- FIG. 17 is a block diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of the camera head 11102 and CCU11201 shown in FIG.
- the camera head 11102 includes a lens unit 11401, an imaging unit 11402, a driving unit 11403, a communication unit 11404, and a camera head control unit 11405.
- CCU11201 includes a communication unit 11411, an image processing unit 11412, and a control unit 11413.
- the camera head 11102 and CCU11201 are communicatively connected to each other by a transmission cable 11400.
- the lens unit 11401 is an optical system provided at a connection portion with the lens barrel 11101.
- the observation light taken in from the tip of the lens barrel 11101 is guided to the camera head 11102 and incident on the lens unit 11401.
- the lens unit 11401 is configured by combining a plurality of lenses including a zoom lens and a focus lens.
- the image pickup unit 11402 is composed of an image pickup element.
- the image sensor constituting the image pickup unit 11402 may be one (so-called single plate type) or a plurality (so-called multi-plate type).
- each image pickup element may generate an image signal corresponding to each of RGB, and a color image may be obtained by synthesizing them.
- the image pickup unit 11402 may be configured to have a pair of image pickup elements for acquiring image signals for the right eye and the left eye corresponding to 3D (Dimensional) display, respectively.
- the 3D display enables the operator 11131 to more accurately grasp the depth of the biological tissue in the surgical site.
- a plurality of lens units 11401 may be provided corresponding to each image pickup element.
- the imaging unit 11402 does not necessarily have to be provided on the camera head 11102.
- the imaging unit 11402 may be provided inside the lens barrel 11101 immediately after the objective lens.
- the drive unit 11403 is composed of an actuator, and the zoom lens and focus lens of the lens unit 11401 are moved by a predetermined distance along the optical axis under the control of the camera head control unit 11405. As a result, the magnification and focus of the image captured by the imaging unit 11402 can be adjusted as appropriate.
- the communication unit 11404 is composed of a communication device for transmitting and receiving various information to and from the CCU11201.
- the communication unit 11404 transmits the image signal obtained from the image pickup unit 11402 as RAW data to the CCU 11201 via the transmission cable 11400.
- the communication unit 11404 receives a control signal for controlling the drive of the camera head 11102 from the CCU 11201 and supplies the control signal to the camera head control unit 11405.
- the control signal includes, for example, information to specify the frame rate of the captured image, information to specify the exposure value at the time of imaging, and / or information to specify the magnification and focus of the captured image, and the like. Contains information about the condition.
- the above-mentioned imaging conditions such as frame rate, exposure value, magnification, and focus may be appropriately specified by the user, or may be automatically set by the control unit 11413 of CCU11201 based on the acquired image signal. Good.
- the so-called AE (Auto Exposure) function, AF (Auto Focus) function, and AWB (Auto White Balance) function are mounted on the endoscope 11100.
- the camera head control unit 11405 controls the drive of the camera head 11102 based on the control signal from the CCU 11201 received via the communication unit 11404.
- the communication unit 11411 is composed of a communication device for transmitting and receiving various information to and from the camera head 11102.
- the communication unit 11411 receives an image signal transmitted from the camera head 11102 via the transmission cable 11400.
- the communication unit 11411 transmits a control signal for controlling the drive of the camera head 11102 to the camera head 11102.
- Image signals and control signals can be transmitted by telecommunications, optical communication, or the like.
- the image processing unit 11412 performs various image processing on the image signal which is the RAW data transmitted from the camera head 11102.
- the control unit 11413 performs various controls related to the imaging of the surgical site and the like by the endoscope 11100 and the display of the captured image obtained by the imaging of the surgical site and the like. For example, the control unit 11413 generates a control signal for controlling the drive of the camera head 11102.
- control unit 11413 causes the display device 11202 to display an image captured by the surgical unit or the like based on the image signal processed by the image processing unit 11412.
- the control unit 11413 may recognize various objects in the captured image by using various image recognition techniques. For example, the control unit 11413 detects the shape, color, and the like of the edge of an object included in the captured image to remove surgical tools such as forceps, a specific biological part, bleeding, and mist when using the energy treatment tool 11112. Can be recognized.
- the control unit 11413 may superimpose and display various surgical support information on the image of the surgical unit by using the recognition result. By superimposing and displaying the surgical support information and presenting it to the surgeon 11131, it is possible to reduce the burden on the surgeon 11131 and to allow the surgeon 11131 to proceed with the surgery reliably.
- the transmission cable 11400 that connects the camera head 11102 and CCU11201 is an electric signal cable that supports electric signal communication, an optical fiber that supports optical communication, or a composite cable thereof.
- the communication is performed by wire using the transmission cable 11400, but the communication between the camera head 11102 and the CCU11201 may be performed wirelessly.
- the technique according to the present disclosure can be suitably applied to the imaging unit 11402 provided on the camera head 11102 of the endoscope 11100.
- the imaging unit 11402 can be made smaller and the camera head 11102 of the endoscope 11100 can be made smaller, so that the load on the patient 11132 can be reduced.
- the light receiving device to which the technology according to the present disclosure is applied is not limited to the CMOS image sensor.
- the light receiving device to which the technique according to the present disclosure is applied may be, for example, a ToF (Time of Flight) type ranging sensor, an infrared image sensor, or the like.
- ToF Time of Flight
- the technology according to the present disclosure can also have the following configuration.
- an alignment mark used when bonding chips to each other can be provided inside the pixel region.
- the light receiving device can use the area of the chip more efficiently, the size of the light receiving device can be further reduced.
- the effects produced by the techniques according to the present disclosure are not necessarily limited to the effects described herein, and may be any of the effects described in the present disclosure.
- the first chip including the pixel area provided with the sensor pixels, A second chip that includes a processing circuit that processes the sensor signal output from the sensor pixel and is laminated with the first chip, and A light receiving device including a second alignment mark provided on the second chip and a first alignment mark provided on the pixel region of the first chip.
- the wiring provided in the region overlapping the first alignment mark or the second alignment mark extends in the first direction and is provided.
- the first alignment mark and the second alignment mark are provided by arranging a plurality of conductor layers extending in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction in parallel, any of the above (1) to (8).
- the light receiving device according to item 1. (10) The light receiving device according to any one of (1) to (9) above, wherein the first alignment mark and the second alignment mark are provided in a region that overlaps with each other when the pixel region is viewed in a plan view. (11) The light receiving device according to any one of (1) to (10) above, wherein the first alignment mark and the second alignment mark are provided in planar shapes corresponding to each other.
- the light receiving device according to any one of (1) to (11) above, wherein the plane area of the second chip is smaller than the plane area of the first chip.
- the second chip has a rectangular shape and has a rectangular shape.
- the light receiving device according to any one of (1) to (12) above, wherein the second alignment mark is provided at least at a diagonal corner of the rectangular shape.
- the first chip and the second chip are each provided by laminating a multilayer wiring layer on a semiconductor substrate.
- the light receiving device according to any one of (1) to (13) above, wherein the first chip and the second chip are laminated so that the multilayer wiring layers face each other.
Landscapes
- Solid State Image Pick-Up Elements (AREA)
Abstract
Description
1.第1の実施形態
1.1.受光装置の構成例
1.2.アライメントマークの構成例
1.3.アライメントマークの形状のバリエーション
2.第2の実施形態
2.1.アライメントマークの構成例
2.2.変形例
3.応用例
(1.1.受光装置の構成例)
まず、図1を参照して、本開示に係る技術が適用される受光装置1の全体構成について説明する。図1は、受光装置1の全体構成を示す縦断面図である。
続いて、図2~図4を参照して、第1の実施形態において、受光装置1に設けられるアライメントマークの構成例について説明する。図2は、第1の実施形態における第1アライメントマーク119、第2アライメントマーク219の概要を説明する縦断面図である。図3A及び図3Bは、貼り合わせられる第1チップ10及び第2チップ20の具体例を示す模式的な斜視図である。図4は、第1チップ10及び第2チップ20における第1アライメントマーク119、第2アライメントマーク219の配置の一例を示す平面図である。
次に、図6A~図6Cを参照して、第1アライメントマーク119及び第2アライメントマーク219の平面形状のバリエーションについて説明する。
(2.1.アライメントマークの構成例)
次に、図7~図9を参照して、第2の実施形態において、受光装置1に設けられるアライメントマークの構成例について説明する。図7及び図8は、第2の実施形態における第1アライメントマーク129、第2アライメントマーク229の概要を説明する縦断面図である。図9は、第1アライメントマーク129、第2アライメントマーク229の構成例を配線層115と重ね合わせて示す模式図である。なお、図9は、受光装置1の積層方向から第1アライメントマーク129及び第2アライメントマーク229を平面視した際の平面形状を示す。
続いて、図10及び図11を参照して、第2の実施形態の変形例について説明する。図10は、第2の実施形態の変形例における配線層115、215の構成例を示す模式図である。図11は、第1アライメントマーク129、第2アライメントマーク229の構成例を示す模式図である。
以下では、図12~図17を参照して、本開示の一実施形態に係る受光装置1の応用例について説明する。
まず、図12及び図13を参照して、本開示の一実施形態に係る受光装置1の撮像システムへの応用について説明する。図12は、本実施形態に係る受光装置1を備えた撮像システム900の概略構成の一例を示すブロック図である。図13は、撮像システム900における撮像動作の流れを示すフローチャート図である。
本開示に係る技術(本技術)は、様々な製品へ応用することができる。例えば、本開示に係る技術は、自動車、電気自動車、ハイブリッド電気自動車、自動二輪車、自転車、パーソナルモビリティ、飛行機、ドローン、船舶、ロボット等のいずれかの種類の移動体に搭載される装置に適用されてもよい。
本開示に係る技術(本技術)は、様々な製品へ応用することができる。例えば、本開示に係る技術は、内視鏡手術システムに適用されてもよい。
(1)
センサ画素が設けられた画素領域を含む第1チップと、
前記センサ画素から出力されたセンサ信号を信号処理する処理回路を含み、前記第1チップと積層された第2チップと、
前記第2チップに設けられた第2アライメントマークと対応して、前記第1チップの前記画素領域に設けられた第1アライメントマークと
を備えた、受光装置。
(2)
前記第1アライメントマーク及び前記第2アライメントマークは、前記第1チップ及び前記第2チップの貼り合わせ面側にそれぞれ設けられる、上記(1)に記載の受光装置。
(3)
前記貼り合わせ面側と反対側の前記第1チップ又は前記第2チップの少なくともいずれか一方には、前記第1アライメントマーク又は前記第2アライメントマークと重畳する領域に配線又は半導体素子が設けられる、上記(2)に記載の受光装置。
(4)
前記第1アライメントマーク又は前記第2アライメントマークと重畳する領域の前記第1チップ又は前記第2チップに設けられた配線は、同一方向に延在して設けられる、上記(1)~(3)のいずれか一項に記載の受光装置。
(5)
前記同一方向に延在する前記配線は、前記センサ画素の画素サイズよりも小さい繰り返しピッチにて設けられる、上記(4)に記載の受光装置。
(6)
前記第1アライメントマーク又は前記第2アライメントマークの少なくともいずれか一方の平面形状は、矩形形状である、上記(1)~(5)のいずれか一項に記載の受光装置。
(7)
前記第1アライメントマーク又は前記第2アライメントマークの少なくともいずれか一方は、同一方向に延在する導体層を複数平行に配列することで構成される、上記(6)に記載の受光装置。
(8)
前記導体層は、前記センサ画素の画素サイズよりも小さい繰り返しピッチにて配列される、上記(7)に記載の受光装置。
(9)
前記第1アライメントマーク又は前記第2アライメントマークと重畳する領域に設けられた配線は、第1方向に延在して設けられ、
前記第1アライメントマーク及び前記第2アライメントマークは、前記第1方向と直交する第2方向に延在する導体層を複数平行に配列することで設けられる、上記(1)~(8)のいずれか一項に記載の受光装置。
(10)
前記第1アライメントマーク及び前記第2アライメントマークは、前記画素領域を平面視した際に、互いに重畳する領域に設けられる、上記(1)~(9)のいずれか一項に記載の受光装置。
(11)
前記第1アライメントマーク及び前記第2アライメントマークは、互いに対応する平面形状にて設けられる、上記(1)~(10)のいずれか一項に記載の受光装置。
(12)
前記第2チップの平面面積は、前記第1チップの平面面積よりも小さい、上記(1)~(11)のいずれか一項に記載の受光装置。
(13)
前記第2チップは、矩形形状であり、
前記第2アライメントマークは、前記矩形形状の対角の隅部に少なくとも設けられる、上記(1)~(12)のいずれか一項に記載の受光装置。
(14)
前記第1チップ及び前記第2チップは、それぞれ半導体基板に多層配線層を積層することで設けられ、
前記第1チップ及び前記第2チップは、互いの前記多層配線層が対向するように積層される、上記(1)~(13)のいずれか一項に記載の受光装置。
Claims (14)
- センサ画素が設けられた画素領域を含む第1チップと、
前記センサ画素から出力されたセンサ信号を信号処理する処理回路を含み、前記第1チップと積層された第2チップと、
前記第2チップに設けられた第2アライメントマークと対応して、前記第1チップの前記画素領域に設けられた第1アライメントマークと
を備えた、受光装置。 - 前記第1アライメントマーク及び前記第2アライメントマークは、前記第1チップ及び前記第2チップの貼り合わせ面側にそれぞれ設けられる、請求項1に記載の受光装置。
- 前記貼り合わせ面側と反対側の前記第1チップ又は前記第2チップの少なくともいずれか一方には、前記第1アライメントマーク又は前記第2アライメントマークと重畳する領域に配線又は半導体素子が設けられる、請求項2に記載の受光装置。
- 前記第1アライメントマーク又は前記第2アライメントマークと重畳する領域の前記第1チップ又は前記第2チップに設けられた配線は、同一方向に延在して設けられる、請求項1に記載の受光装置。
- 前記同一方向に延在する前記配線は、前記センサ画素の画素サイズよりも小さい繰り返しピッチにて設けられる、請求項4に記載の受光装置。
- 前記第1アライメントマーク又は前記第2アライメントマークの少なくともいずれか一方の平面形状は、矩形形状である、請求項1に記載の受光装置。
- 前記第1アライメントマーク又は前記第2アライメントマークの少なくともいずれか一方は、同一方向に延在する導体層を複数平行に配列することで構成される、請求項6に記載の受光装置。
- 前記導体層は、前記センサ画素の画素サイズよりも小さい繰り返しピッチにて配列される、請求項7に記載の受光装置。
- 前記第1アライメントマーク又は前記第2アライメントマークと重畳する領域に設けられた配線は、第1方向に延在して設けられ、
前記第1アライメントマーク及び前記第2アライメントマークは、前記第1方向と直交する第2方向に延在する導体層を複数平行に配列することで設けられる、請求項1に記載の受光装置。 - 前記第1アライメントマーク及び前記第2アライメントマークは、前記画素領域を平面視した際に、互いに重畳する領域に設けられる、請求項1に記載の受光装置。
- 前記第1アライメントマーク及び前記第2アライメントマークは、互いに対応する平面形状にて設けられる、請求項1に記載の受光装置。
- 前記第2チップの平面面積は、前記第1チップの平面面積よりも小さい、請求項1に記載の受光装置。
- 前記第2チップは、矩形形状であり、
前記第2アライメントマークは、前記矩形形状の対角の隅部に少なくとも設けられる、請求項1に記載の受光装置。 - 前記第1チップ及び前記第2チップは、それぞれ半導体基板に多層配線層を積層することで設けられ、
前記第1チップ及び前記第2チップは、互いの前記多層配線層が対向するように積層される、請求項1に記載の受光装置。
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| CN202080079991.0A CN114730782B (zh) | 2020-01-06 | 2020-12-24 | 光接收装置 |
| US17/758,087 US12356752B2 (en) | 2020-01-06 | 2020-12-24 | Light-receiving device |
| DE112020006458.1T DE112020006458T5 (de) | 2020-01-06 | 2020-12-24 | Lichtempfangsvorrichtung |
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| WO2014125969A1 (ja) * | 2013-02-14 | 2014-08-21 | オリンパス株式会社 | 半導体基板、撮像素子、および撮像装置 |
| JP2017103347A (ja) * | 2015-12-02 | 2017-06-08 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 基板同士の組立方法 |
| WO2019087764A1 (ja) * | 2017-10-30 | 2019-05-09 | ソニーセミコンダクタソリューションズ株式会社 | 裏面照射型の固体撮像装置、および裏面照射型の固体撮像装置の製造方法、撮像装置、並びに電子機器 |
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| WO2017169505A1 (ja) * | 2016-03-30 | 2017-10-05 | ソニー株式会社 | 固体撮像装置、固体撮像装置の製造方法および電子機器 |
| KR102605335B1 (ko) * | 2018-06-27 | 2023-11-27 | 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 | 발광 표시 장치 및 그의 제조 방법 |
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| JP2007013089A (ja) * | 2005-06-02 | 2007-01-18 | Sony Corp | 固体撮像素子及びその製造方法 |
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| US12356752B2 (en) | 2025-07-08 |
| DE112020006458T5 (de) | 2022-10-27 |
| JPWO2021140936A1 (ja) | 2021-07-15 |
| CN114730782A (zh) | 2022-07-08 |
| CN114730782B (zh) | 2026-01-13 |
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