WO2021134884A1 - 一种具有高对比度的负性液晶组合物及其应用 - Google Patents

一种具有高对比度的负性液晶组合物及其应用 Download PDF

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WO2021134884A1
WO2021134884A1 PCT/CN2020/077018 CN2020077018W WO2021134884A1 WO 2021134884 A1 WO2021134884 A1 WO 2021134884A1 CN 2020077018 W CN2020077018 W CN 2020077018W WO 2021134884 A1 WO2021134884 A1 WO 2021134884A1
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general formula
compound represented
liquid crystal
crystal composition
composition contains
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PCT/CN2020/077018
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French (fr)
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陈卯先
储士红
姜天孟
陈海光
未欣
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北京八亿时空液晶科技股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2021134884A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021134884A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
    • C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
    • C09K19/42—Mixtures of liquid crystal compounds covered by two or more of the preceding groups C09K19/06 - C09K19/40
    • C09K19/44—Mixtures of liquid crystal compounds covered by two or more of the preceding groups C09K19/06 - C09K19/40 containing compounds with benzene rings directly linked
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a liquid crystal material and its application field, in particular to a specific high-contrast negative liquid crystal composition and its application.
  • LCD displays have been widely used in various products.
  • IPS and FFS mode displays are widely used in mobile phones, laptops, and tablets because of their unique hard screen characteristics and very wide viewing angle characteristics.
  • either positive liquid crystal or negative liquid crystal can be used. Because the negative liquid crystal molecules are arranged perpendicular to the direction of the electric field line under the action of an electric field, compared to the positive liquid crystal molecules along the electric field under the action of the electric field The line direction is arranged and the use of negative polarity avoids the transmittance sacrifice and flicker problems caused by the bending electric field in the IPS and FFS modes, thereby improving the transmittance and flicker of the LCD.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal composition with a large elastic constant to achieve the purpose of improving the contrast of liquid crystal displays, and at the same time, the liquid crystal composition has negative dielectric anisotropy and is used in liquid crystal displays It has a higher transmittance and has the effect of improving the flicker of the liquid crystal display.
  • the liquid crystal composition provided by the invention has a large elastic constant on the one hand, and a lower rotational viscosity on the other hand, thereby realizing a liquid crystal display with high contrast and fast response.
  • a negative liquid crystal composition with high contrast comprising at least one or more compounds represented by general formula I, one or more compounds represented by general formula II, and one or more compounds represented by general formula III And one or more compounds represented by the general formula IV;
  • R 1 and R 2 each independently represent a C 1 to C 12 linear alkyl group, a linear alkoxy group or a C 2 to C 12 linear alkenyl group;
  • R 3 and R 4 each independently represent a C 1 ⁇ C 12 linear alkyl group, a linear alkoxy group or a C 2 ⁇ C 12 linear alkenyl group;
  • a 1 each independently represents Any of the following:
  • R 5 and R 6 each independently represent a C 1 ⁇ C 12 linear alkyl group, a linear alkoxy group or a C 2 ⁇ C 12 linear alkenyl group, and A 2 each independently represents :
  • R 7 and R 8 each independently represent a C 1 ⁇ C 12 linear alkyl group, a linear alkoxy group or a C 2 ⁇ C 12 linear alkenyl group, and A 3 , A 4 each independently Independently represents trans 1,4-cyclohexyl or 1,4-phenylene.
  • the compound represented by the general formula I is the formula IA or IB:
  • R 1 and R 2 each independently represent a C 1 to C 7 linear alkyl group or a C 2 to C 7 linear alkenyl group;
  • the compound represented by the general formula I is selected from one or more of the compounds represented by formulas IA1 to IA63 or formulas IB1 to IB45:
  • the compound represented by the general formula I is selected from one of IA3, IA12, IA21, IA23, IA24, IA25, IA39, IA43, IB3, IB5, IB8, IB10, IB26, IB27, IB30, IB31 Or more; further preferably, the compound represented by the general formula I is selected from IA3, IA21, IA23, IA24, IA25, IA39, IA43, IB3, IB5, IB8, IB10, IB26, IB27, IB30, IB31 Most preferably, the compound represented by the general formula I is selected from one of IA3, IA21, IA23, IA39, IB3, IB5, IB8, IB10, IB26, IB27, IB30, IB31 or Many kinds.
  • the compound represented by the general formula II is selected from one or more of the structures represented by formulas IIA to IIC:
  • R 3 and R 4 are as defined above;
  • the compound represented by the general formula II is selected from one or more of formulas IIA1 to IIA48, formulas IIB1 to IIB48, or formulas IIC1 to IIC48:
  • the compound represented by the general formula II is selected from one or more of formula IIA10, IIA13, IIA14, IIA15, IIA16, IIA18, IIB14, IIB18, IIC13, and IIC14.
  • the compound represented by the general formula III is selected from one or more of IIIA to IIIC:
  • R 5 and R 6 are as defined above;
  • the compound represented by general formula III is selected from one or more of formulas IIIA1 to IIIA48, formulas IIIB1 to IIIB48, or formulas IIIC1 to IIIC48:
  • the compound represented by the general formula III is selected from one or more of IIIA14, IIIA16, IIIA22, IIIC14, and IIIA15.
  • the compound represented by the general formula IV is selected from one or more of the structures represented by the formulas IVA to IVC:
  • the compound represented by general formula IV is selected from one or more of the compounds represented by formulas IVA1 to IVA39, formulas IVB1 to IVB24, or formulas IVC1 to IVC24:
  • the compound represented by the general formula IV is selected from one or more of IVA3, IVA7, IVA11, IVA12, IVA25, IVA29, IVA31, IVA37, IVB18, IVB22, IVC2, IVC4, IVC15, IVC20; Most preferably, the compound represented by the general formula IV is selected from one or more of IVA25, IVA29, IVA37, IVB18, IVB22, IVC2, IVC4, IVC15, IVC20.
  • the above-mentioned liquid crystal composition further includes one or more compounds represented by the general formula V:
  • R 9 and R 10 each independently represent a C 1 ⁇ C 12 linear alkyl group, a linear alkoxy group or a C 2 ⁇ C 12 linear alkenyl group;
  • a 5 each independently represents Trans 1,4-cyclohexyl or 1,4-phenylene;
  • R 11 and R 12 each independently represent a C 1 ⁇ C 12 linear alkyl group, a linear alkoxy group or a C 2 ⁇ C 12 linear alkenyl group;
  • L 1 , L 2 , L 3 each independently represents H or F;
  • the compound represented by the general formula V is the formula VA or VB:
  • R 9 and R 10 each independently represent a C 1 to C 7 linear alkyl group, a linear alkoxy group or a C 2 to C 7 linear alkenyl group;
  • R 11 each independently represents a C 1 ⁇ C 7 linear alkyl group or a C 2 ⁇ C 7 linear alkenyl group
  • R 12 each independently represents a C 1 ⁇ C 7 straight chain Alkyl or straight-chain alkoxy
  • the compound represented by the general formula V is selected from one or more of the compounds represented by the general formulas VA1 to VA38 or the formulas VB1 to VB38:
  • the compound represented by the general formula VI is selected from one or more of the compounds represented by the formula VIA1 to VIA24 or the formula VIB1 to VIB24:
  • the liquid crystal composition contains 2-20% by weight of the compound represented by the general formula I;
  • the liquid crystal composition contains 15 to 55 wt% of the compound represented by the general formula II;
  • the liquid crystal composition contains 5-40% by weight of the compound represented by the general formula III;
  • the liquid crystal composition contains 15 to 55 wt% of the compound represented by the general formula IV;
  • the liquid crystal composition contains 3-20 wt% of the compound represented by the general formula I;
  • the liquid crystal composition contains 3-12% by weight of the compound represented by the general formula I;
  • the liquid crystal composition contains 4-20% by weight of the compound represented by the general formula I;
  • the liquid crystal composition contains 20-50% by weight of the compound represented by the general formula II;
  • the liquid crystal composition contains 20 to 45% by weight of the compound represented by the general formula II;
  • the liquid crystal composition contains 8 to 35 wt% of the compound represented by the general formula III;
  • the liquid crystal composition contains 14 to 35 wt% of the compound represented by the general formula III;
  • the liquid crystal composition contains 20-52wt% of the compound represented by the general formula IV;
  • the liquid crystal composition contains 25 to 38 wt% of the compound represented by the general formula IV;
  • the liquid crystal composition contains 4-16% by weight of the compound represented by the general formula I;
  • the liquid crystal composition contains 5-16% by weight of the compound represented by the general formula I;
  • the liquid crystal composition contains 4-9wt% of the compound represented by the general formula I;
  • the liquid crystal composition contains 25 to 46 wt% of the compound represented by general formula II;
  • the liquid crystal composition contains 25-40% by weight of the compound represented by the general formula II;
  • the liquid crystal composition contains 26 to 46 wt% of the compound represented by general formula II;
  • the liquid crystal composition contains 11-27% by weight of the compound represented by the general formula III;
  • the liquid crystal composition contains 16 to 31 wt% of the compound represented by the general formula III;
  • the liquid crystal composition contains 11 to 31 wt% of the compound represented by the general formula III;
  • the liquid crystal composition contains 24 to 48 wt% of the compound represented by the general formula IV;
  • the liquid crystal composition contains 30 to 34 wt% of the compound represented by the general formula IV.
  • the present invention optimizes the percentage of each component in the provided liquid crystal composition.
  • the liquid crystal composition of the present invention contains the following components by weight percentage: (1) 2-20% of the compound represented by the general formula I; (2) 15-55% of the compound represented by the general formula II; (3) 5 to 55% of compounds represented by general formula III; (4) 15 to 55% of compounds represented by general formula IV; (5) 0-20% of compounds represented by general formula V to VI;
  • the liquid crystal composition includes the following components in weight percentage: (1) 3-20% of the compound represented by the general formula I; (2) 20-50% of the compound represented by the general formula II; (3) 8 ⁇ 35% of the compound represented by the general formula III; (4) 20 to 52% of the compound represented by the general formula IV; (5) 0-15% of the compound represented by the general formula V to VI; preferably, including: (1) 4 to 16% of the compound represented by the general formula I; (2) 25 to 46% of the compound represented by the general formula II; (3) 11 to 31% of the compound represented by the general formula III; (4) 24 to 48% Compounds represented by formula IV; (5) 0-9% of compounds represented by general formulas V to VI;
  • the liquid crystal composition includes the following components in weight percentage: (1) 3-12% of the compound represented by the general formula I; (2) 20-45% of the compound represented by the general formula II; (3) 14- 35% of the compound represented by the general formula III; (4) 25 to 38% of the compound represented by the general formula IV; (5) 1-15% of the compound represented by the general formula V to VI; preferably, including: (1) 4-9% of the compound represented by the general formula I; (2) 25-40% of the compound represented by the general formula II; (3) 16-31% of the compound represented by the general formula III; (4) 30-34% Compounds represented by formula IV; (5) 5-9% of compounds represented by general formulas V to VI;
  • the liquid crystal composition includes the following components by weight percentage: (1) 4-20% of the compound represented by the general formula I; (2) 20-50% of the compound represented by the general formula II; (3) 8 ⁇ 35% of the compound represented by the general formula III; (4) 20 to 52% of the compound represented by the general formula IV; preferably, comprising: (1) 5 to 16% of the compound represented by the general formula I; (2) 26 to 46% of the compound represented by the general formula II; (3) 11-27% of the compound represented by the general formula III; (4) 24 to 48% of the compound represented by the general formula IV.
  • the elastic constant is improved by adding the compound represented by the general formula I
  • the negative dielectric anisotropy and clearing point are improved by adding the compound of the general formula II
  • the negative dielectric anisotropy and the clearing point are improved by adding the compound represented by the general formula III.
  • the rotational viscosity of the liquid crystal composition is reduced by adding the compound represented by the general formula IV; in this way, the requirements for a large elastic constant and a low rotational viscosity are achieved.
  • the preparation method of the liquid crystal composition of the present invention is not particularly limited.
  • the conventional method can be used to mix two or more compounds for production, such as by mixing different components at high temperature and dissolving each other, wherein the liquid crystal is combined
  • the compound is dissolved in the solvent used for the compound and mixed, and then the solvent is distilled off under reduced pressure; or the liquid crystal composition of the present invention can be prepared according to a conventional method, such as mixing the smaller component in the higher It is obtained by dissolving in the main component with a large content at a temperature of high temperature, or dissolving each component in an organic solvent, such as acetone, chloroform or methanol, and then mixing the solution to remove the solvent.
  • an organic solvent such as acetone, chloroform or methanol
  • percentages in the present invention are weight percentages; temperature units are degrees Celsius; ⁇ n represents optical anisotropy (25°C); ⁇ ⁇ and ⁇ ⁇ represent parallel and perpendicular dielectric constants (25°C, 1000 Hz) respectively; ⁇ represents the dielectric anisotropy (25°C, 1000Hz); ⁇ 1 represents the rotational viscosity (mPa.s, 25°C); Cp represents the clearing point (°C) of the liquid crystal composition; K 11 , K 22 , and K 33 represent respectively Spreading, twisting and bending elastic constants (pN, 25°C); Kavg represents the average elastic constant ((K 11 +K 22 +K 33 )/3).
  • Table 1 Group structure codes of liquid crystal compounds
  • the preparation of the liquid crystal composition adopts the thermal dissolution method, which includes the following steps: weigh the liquid crystal compound by weight percentage with a balance, wherein the order of weighing and addition is not specified, and the melting point of the liquid crystal compound is usually from high to low. Weigh and mix in sequence, heat and stir at 60-100°C to make the components melt uniformly, filter, rotatably, and finally package to obtain the target sample.
  • Table 2 Weight percentages and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 3 Weight percentage and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 4 Weight percentages and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 5 Weight percentages and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 6 Weight percentage and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 7 Weight percentage and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 8 Weight percentages and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 9 Weight percentages and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 10 Weight percentages and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 11 Weight percentage and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 12 Weight percentages and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 13 Weight percentages and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 14 Weight percentages and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 15 Weight percentages and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 16 The weight percentage and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 17 Weight percentage and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 18 Weight percentages and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 19 Weight percentages and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 20 Weight percentage and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 21 Weight percentage and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 22 Weight percentage and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 23 Weight percentage and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 24 Weight percentages and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 25 Weight percentage and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 26 Weight percentage and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 27 Weight percentage and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 28 Weight percentage and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 29 Weight percentage and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 30 Weight percentage and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 31 Weight percentages and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 32 Weight percentages and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 33 Weight percentage and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 34 Weight percentages and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 35 Weight percentages and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 36 Weight percentage and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 37 Weight percentage and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 38 Weight percentage and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 39 Weight percentages and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 40 Weight percentages and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 41 Weight percentage and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 42 Weight percentage and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 43 Weight percentage and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 44 Weight percentage and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 45 Weight percentage and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 46 Weight percentage and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 47 Weight percentage and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 48 Weight percentages and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 49 Weight percentage and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 50 Weight percentages and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 51 Weight percentages and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 52 Weight percentages and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 53 Weight percentage and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 54 Weight percentage and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 55 Weight percentage and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 56 Weight percentages and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 57 Weight percentage and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 58 Weight percentage and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Example 1 Compared with Comparative Example 1, the liquid crystal composition provided by Example 1 has a larger elastic constant. Compared with Comparative Example 1, the elastic constant of Example 1 is increased by about 7%, that is, it can be used in liquid crystal displays. Increase the contrast by about 7%.
  • the liquid crystal composition provided by the present invention has a large elastic constant, and when used in IPS and FFS mode displays, it can effectively improve the contrast of liquid crystal displays. Therefore, the IPS or FFS type TFT liquid crystal display device to which the liquid crystal composition provided by the present invention is applicable can significantly improve the dark state light leakage problem of the liquid crystal display, thereby improving the contrast of the liquid crystal display, especially for improving the IPS or FFS mode liquid crystal display.
  • the contrast characteristic is very effective.
  • the present invention relates to a negative liquid crystal composition with high contrast and its application.
  • the liquid crystal composition comprises at least one or more compounds represented by general formula I and one or more compounds represented by general formula II One or more compounds represented by general formula III and one or more compounds represented by general formula IV.
  • the liquid crystal composition of the present invention has a large elastic constant and a fast response time, can be used in a liquid crystal display to increase the contrast of the liquid crystal display, and has good economic value and application prospects.

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Abstract

本发明涉及一种具有高对比度的负性液晶组合物及其应用，所述液晶组合物包含至少一种或多种通式I所代表的化合物、一种或多种通式II所代表的化合物、一种或多种通式III所代表的化合物以及一种或多种通式IV所代表的化合物。本发明所述液晶组合物具有大的弹性常数和快的响应时间，用于液晶显示器中可提升液晶显示器的对比度。（I），（II），（III），（IV）

Description

一种具有高对比度的负性液晶组合物及其应用
交叉引用
本申请要求2020年1月3日提交的专利名称为“一种具有高对比度的负性液晶组合物及其应用”的第202010006997.7号中国专利申请的优先权，其全部公开内容通过引用整体并入本文。
技术领域
本发明涉及液晶材料及其应用领域，具体涉及一种具体高对比度的负性液晶组合物及其应用。
背景技术
目前，LCD显示器作为最主流的显示器，已广泛用于各种产品中，其中IPS和FFS模式显示器因为其独有的硬屏特性以及非常宽的视角特性，目前广泛用于手机、笔记本电脑、平板电脑、电脑显示器、电视等方面。
IPS和FFS液晶平面排列导致在暗态时容易出现漏光，对比度性能方面明显劣势于VA类(MVA、PVA、UV2A、PSVA)显示器。经过研究发现，液晶分子在初始排列时，由于配向层表面存在的配向碎屑等会导致液晶分子排列紊乱从而导致暗态漏光；如何改善液晶排列紊乱成为如何提升IPS和FFS模式显示器的重要课题，通过研究发现，液晶的弹性常数增加有助于改善液晶分子的排列。
对于IPS和FFS模式，既可以使用正性液晶，也可以使用负性液晶，由于负性液晶分子在电场作用下，垂直于电场线方向排列，相对于正性液晶分子在电场作用下沿着电场线方向排列，使用负性避免了IPS和FFS模式下弯曲电场造成的透过率牺牲和闪烁问题，进而改善液晶显示器的透过率和闪烁。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种提供一种具有大的弹性常数的液晶组合物，以此实现改善液晶显示器对比度的目的，同时该液晶组合物具有负的介电各向异性，用于液晶显示器中具有更高的透过率和具有改善液晶显示器闪烁的效果。
本领域公知，提升液晶组合物的清亮点可以实现提升弹性常数的目的，但是随着清亮点提升，液晶组合物的旋转粘度增加，从而导致液晶显示器响应时间变慢，令人惊奇的是，本发明所提供的液晶组合物一方面具有大的弹性常数，另一方面具有较低的旋转粘度，从而实现高对比度和快速响应的液晶显示器。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：
一种具有高对比度的负性液晶组合物，包含至少一种或多种通式I所代表的化合物、一种或多种通式II所代表的化合物、一种或多种通式III所代表的化合物以及一种或多种通式IV所代表的化合物；
所述通式I具体为：
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000001
所述通式I中，R 1、R 2各自独立地代表C 1～C 12的直链烷基、直链烷氧基或C 2～C 12的直链烯基；
所述通式II具体为：
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000002
所述通式II中，R 3、R 4各自独立地代表C 1～C 12的直链烷基、直链烷氧基或C 2～C 12的直链烯基；A 1各自独立地代表下面任意一种：
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000003
所述通式III具体为：
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000004
所述通式III中，R 5、R 6各自独立地代表C 1～C 12的直链烷基、直链烷氧基或C 2～C 12的直链烯基，A 2各自独立地代表：
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000005
所述通式IV具体为：
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000006
所述通式IV中，R 7、R 8各自独立地代表C 1～C 12的直链烷基、直链烷氧基或C 2～C 12的直链烯基，A 3、A 4各自独立地代表反式1，4-环己基或1，4-亚苯基。
优选地，上述液晶组合物中，所述通式I所代表的化合物为式IA或IB：
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000007
所述式IA～IC中，R 1、R 2各自独立地代表C 1～C 7的直链烷基或C 2～C 7的直链烯基；
更优选地，所述通式I所代表的化合物选自式IA1～IA63或式IB1～IB45所代表的化合物中的一种或几种：
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000008
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000009
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000010
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000011
进一步优选地，所述通式I所代表的化合物选自IA3、IA12、IA21、IA23、IA24、IA25、IA39、IA43、IB3、IB5、IB8、IB10、IB26、IB27、IB30、IB31中的一种或多种；更进一步优选地，所述通式I所代表的化合物选自IA3、IA21、IA23、IA24、IA25、IA39、IA43、IB3、IB5、IB8、IB10、IB26、IB27、IB30、IB31中的一种或多种；最优选地，所述通式I所代表的化合物选自IA3、IA21、IA23、IA39、IB3、IB5、IB8、IB10、IB26、IB27、IB30、IB31中的一种或多种。
优选地，上述液晶组合物中，所述通式II所代表的化合物选自式IIA～IIC所示结构中的一种或多种：
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000012
所述式IIA～IIC中，R 3、R 4的定义同上；
更优选地，所述通式II所代表的化合物选自式IIA1～IIA48、式IIB1～IIB48或式IIC1～IIC48中的一种或多种：
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000013
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000014
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000015
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000016
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000017
进一步优选地，所述通式II所代表的化合物选自式IIA10、IIA13、IIA14、IIA15、IIA16、IIA18、IIB14、IIB18、IIC13、IIC14中的一种或多种。
优选地，上述液晶组合物中，所述通式III所代表的化合物选自IIIA～IIIC中的一种或多种：
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000018
所述式IIIA～IIIC中，R 5、R 6的定义同上；
更优选地，通式III所代表的化合物选自式IIIA1～IIIA48、式IIIB1～IIIB48或式IIIC1～IIIC48中的一种或多种：
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000019
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000020
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000021
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000022
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000023
进一步优选地，所述通式III所代表的化合物选自IIIA14、IIIA16、IIIA22、IIIC14、IIIA15中的一种或多种。
优选地，上述液晶组合物中，所述通式IV所代表的化合物选自式IVA～IVC所示结构中的一种或多种：
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000024
所述式IVA～IVC中，R 7、R 8的定义同上；
更优选地，通式IV所代表的化合物选自式IVA1～IVA39、式IVB1～IVB24或式IVC1～IVC24所代表的化合物中的一种或多种：
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000025
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000026
进一步优选地，所述通式IV所代表的化合物选自IVA3、IVA7、IVA11、IVA12、IVA25、IVA29、IVA31、IVA37、IVB18、IVB22、IVC2、IVC4、IVC15、IVC20中的一种或多种；最优选地，所述通式IV所代表的化合物选自IVA25、IVA29、IVA37、IVB18、IVB22、IVC2、IVC4、IVC15、IVC20中的一种或多种。
优选地，上述液晶组合物中，还包括一种或多种通式V所代表的化合物：
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000027
所述通式V中，R 9、R 10各自独立地代表C 1～C 12的直链烷基、直链烷氧基或C 2～C 12的直链烯基；A 5各自独立地代表反式1，4-环己基或1，4-亚苯基；
和/或，还包括一种或多种通式VI所代表的化合物：
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000028
所述通式VI中，R 11、R 12各自独立地代表C 1～C 12的直链烷基、直链烷氧基或C 2～C 12的直链烯基；L 1、L 2、L 3各自独立地代表H或F；
更优选地：
所述通式V所代表的化合物为式VA或VB：
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000029
所述通式VA或VB中，R 9、R 10各自独立地代表C 1～C 7的直链烷基、直链烷氧基或C 2～C 7的直链烯基；
和/或，所述通式VI所代表的化合物为VIA或VIB：
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000030
所述通式VIA或VIB中，R 11各自独立地代表C 1～C 7的直链烷基或C 2～C 7的直链烯基；R 12各自独立地代表C 1～C 7的直链烷基或直链烷氧基；
进一步优选地：
所述通式V所代表化合物选自通式VA1～VA38或式VB1～VB38所代表的化合物中的一种或多种：
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000031
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000032
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000033
和/或，通式VI所代表的化合物选自式VIA1～VIA24或式VIB1～VIB24所代表的化合物中的一种或多种：
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000034
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000035
优选地，上述液晶组合物中，所述液晶组合物包含2～20wt％的通式I所代表的化合物；
或，所述液晶组合物包含15～55wt％的通式II所代表的化合物；
或，所述液晶组合物包含5～40wt％的通式III所代表的化合物；
或，所述液晶组合物包含15～55wt％的通式IV所代表的化合物；
更优选地，
所述液晶组合物包含3～20wt％的通式I所代表的化合物；
或，所述液晶组合物包含3～12wt％的通式I所代表的化合物；
或，所述液晶组合物包含4～20wt％的通式I所代表的化合物；
或，所述液晶组合物包含20～50wt％的通式II所代表的化合物；
或，所述液晶组合物包含20～45wt％的通式II所代表的化合物；
或，所述液晶组合物包含8～35wt％的通式III所代表的化合物；
或，所述液晶组合物包含14～35wt％的通式III所代表的化合物；
或，所述液晶组合物包含20～52wt％的通式IV所代表的化合物；
或，所述液晶组合物包含25～38wt％的通式IV所代表的化合物；
进一步优选地，
所述液晶组合物包含4～16wt％的通式I所代表的化合物；
或，所述液晶组合物包含5～16wt％的通式I所代表的化合物；
或，所述液晶组合物包含4～9wt％的通式I所代表的化合物；
或，所述液晶组合物包含25～46wt％的通式II所代表的化合物；
或，所述液晶组合物包含25～40wt％的通式II所代表的化合物；
或，所述液晶组合物包含26～46wt％的通式II所代表的化合物；
或，所述液晶组合物包含11～27wt％的通式III所代表的化合物；
或，所述液晶组合物包含16～31wt％的通式III所代表的化合物；
或，所述液晶组合物包含11～31wt％的通式III所代表的化合物；
或，所述液晶组合物包含24～48wt％的通式IV所代表的化合物；
或，所述液晶组合物包含30～34wt％的通式IV所代表的化合物。
为了提高各类型化合物之间的协同作用，以及使液晶组合物满足不同的需求，本发明对所提供的液晶组合物中各组分的百分含量进行优选。
具体而言，本发明所述液晶组合物中包含以下重量百分比的组分：(1)2～20％通式I所代表的化合物；(2)15～55％通式II所代表的化合物；(3)5～55％通式III所代表的化合物；(4)15～55％通式IV所代表的化合物；(5)0～20％通式V～VI所代表的化合物；
或，所述液晶组合物包含以下重量百分比的组分：(1)3～20％通式I所代表的化合物；(2)20～50％通式II所代表的化合物；(3)8～35％通式III所代表的化合物；(4)20～52％通式IV所代表的化合物；(5)0～15％通式V～VI所代表的化合物；优选的，包含：(1)4～16％通式I所代表的化合物；(2)25～46％通式II所代表的化合物；(3)11～31％通式III所代表的化合物；(4)24～48％通式IV所代表的化合物；(5)0～9％通式V～VI所代表的化合物；
或，所述液晶组合物包含以下重量百分比的组分：(1)3～12％通式I所代表的化合 物；(2)20～45％通式II所代表的化合物；(3)14～35％通式III所代表的化合物；(4)25～38％通式IV所代表的化合物；(5)1～15％通式V～VI所代表的化合物；优选的，包含：(1)4～9％通式I所代表的化合物；(2)25～40％通式II所代表的化合物；(3)16～31％通式III所代表的化合物；(4)30～34％通式IV所代表的化合物；(5)5～9％通式V～VI所代表的化合物；
或，所述液晶组合物包含以下重量百分比的组分：(1)4～20％通式I所代表的化合物；(2)20～50％通式II所代表的化合物；(3)8～35％通式III所代表的化合物；(4)20～52％通式IV所代表的化合物；优选的，包含：(1)5～16％通式I所代表的化合物；(2)26～46％通式II所代表的化合物；(3)11～27％通式III所代表的化合物；(4)24～48％通式IV所代表的化合物。
本发明通过添加通式I所代表的化合物提升弹性常数，通过添加通式II的化合物提升负介电各向异性以及清亮点，通过添加通式III所代表的化合物提升负介电各向异性以及改善互溶性，通过添加通式IV所代表的化合物降低液晶组合物的旋转粘度；以此实现大的弹性常数和低的旋转粘度的需求。
本发明所述液晶组合物的制备方法无特殊限制，可采用常规方法将两种或多种化合物混合进行生产，如通过在高温下混合不同组分并彼此溶解的方法制备，其中，将液晶组合物溶解在用于该化合物的溶剂中并混合，然后在减压下蒸馏出该溶剂；或者本发明所述液晶组合物可按照常规的方法制备，如将其中含量较小的组分在较高的温度下溶解在含量较大的主要组分中，或将各所属组分在有机溶剂中溶解，如丙酮、氯仿或甲醇等，然后将溶液混合去除溶剂后得到。
具体实施方式
以下实施例用于说明本发明，但不用来限制本发明的范围。
除非另有说明，本发明中百分比为重量百分比；温度单位为摄氏度；△n代表光学各向异性(25℃)；ε ∥和ε ⊥分别代表平行和垂直介电常数(25℃，1000Hz)；△ε代表介电各向异性(25℃，1000Hz)；γ1代表旋转粘度(mPa.s，25℃)；Cp代表液晶组合物的清亮点(℃)；K 11、K 22、K 33分别代表展曲、扭曲和弯曲弹性常数(pN，25℃)；Kavg代表平均弹性常数((K 11+K 22+K 33)/3)。
以下各实施例中，液晶化合物中基团结构用表1所示代码表示。
表1：液晶化合物的基团结构代码
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000036
以如下化合物结构为例：
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000037
表示为：3CLPO1
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000038
表示为：3CPWO2
以下各实施例中，液晶组合物的制备均采用热溶解方法，包括以下步骤：用天平按重量百分比称量液晶化合物，其中称量加入顺序无特定要求，通常以液晶化合物熔点由高到低的顺序依次称量混合，在60～100℃下加热搅拌使得各组分熔解均匀，再经过滤、旋蒸，最后封装即得目标样品。
以下各实施例中，液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及液晶组合物的性能参数见下述表格。
实施例1
表2：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000039
实施例2
表3：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000040
实施例3
表4：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000041
实施例4
表5：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000042
实施例5
表6：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000043
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000044
实施例6
表7：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000045
实施例7
表8：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000046
实施例8
表9：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000047
实施例9
表10：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000048
实施例10
表11：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000049
实施例11
表12：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000050
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000051
实施例12
表13：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000052
实施例13
表14：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000053
实施例14
表15：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000054
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000055
实施例15
表16：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000056
实施例16
表17：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000057
实施例17
表18：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000058
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000059
实施例18
表19：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000060
实施例19
表20：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000061
实施例20
表21：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000062
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000063
实施例21
表22：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000064
实施例22
表23：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000065
实施例23
表24：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000066
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000067
实施例24
表25：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000068
实施例25
表26：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000069
实施例26
表27：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000070
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000071
实施例27
表28：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000072
实施例28
表29：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000073
实施例29
表30：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000074
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000075
实施例30
表31：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000076
实施例31
表32：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000077
实施例32
表33：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000078
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000079
实施例33
表34：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000080
实施例34
表35：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000081
实施例35
表36：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000082
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000083
实施例36
表37：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000084
实施例37
表38：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000085
实施例38
表39：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000086
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000087
实施例39
表40：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000088
实施例40
表41：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000089
实施例41
表42：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000090
实施例42
表43：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000091
实施例43
表44：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000092
实施例44
表45：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000093
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000094
实施例45
表46：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000095
实施例46
表47：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000096
实施例47
表48：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000097
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000098
实施例48
表49：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000099
实施例49
表50：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000100
实施例50
表51：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000101
实施例51
表52：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000102
实施例52
表53：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000103
实施例53
表54：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000104
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000105
实施例54
表55：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000106
实施例55
表56：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000107
实施例56
表57：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000108
对比例1
表58：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000109
将实施例1与对比例1所得液晶组合物的各性能参数值进行汇总比较，参见表59。
表59：液晶组合物的性能参数比较
项目 △n △ε Cp γ1 K11 K22 K33 Kavg
实施例1 0.106 -3.6 80 85 14.8 7.4 16.3 12.8
对比例1 0.106 -3.6 80 88 13.8 6.9 15.3 12.0
经比较可知：与对比例1相比，实施例1提供的液晶组合物具有更大的弹性常数，相对于对比例1，实施例1的弹性常数提升7％左右，即用于液晶显示器中可以增加7％左右的对比度。
由以上实施例可知，本发明所提供的液晶组合物具有大的弹性常数，用于IPS和FFS模式显示器中可有效改善液晶显示器的对比度。因此，本发明所提供的液晶组合物适用于的IPS或FFS型TFT液晶显示装置，能够明显改善液晶显示器的暗态漏光问题，进而提升液晶显示器的对比度，尤其对于改善IPS或FFS模式液晶显示器的对比度特性非常有效。
虽然，上文中已经用一般性说明及具体实施方案对本发明作了详尽的描述，但在本发明基础上，可以对之作一些修改或改进，这对本领域技术人员而言是显而易见的。因此，在不偏离本发明精神的基础上所做的这些修改或改进，均属于本发明要求保护的范围。
工业实用性
本发明涉及一种具有高对比度的负性液晶组合物及其应用，所述液晶组合物包含至少一种或多种通式I所代表的化合物、一种或多种通式II所代表的化合物、一种或多种通式III所代表的化合物以及一种或多种通式IV所代表的化合物。本发明所述液晶组 合物具有大的弹性常数和快的响应时间，用于液晶显示器中可提升液晶显示器的对比度，具有较好的经济价值和应用前景。
Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-000110

Claims (9)

  1. 一种具有高对比度的负性液晶组合物，其特征在于，包含至少一种或多种通式I所代表的化合物、一种或多种通式II所代表的化合物、一种或多种通式III所代表的化合物以及一种或多种通式IV所代表的化合物；
    所述通式I具体为：
    Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-100001
    所述通式I中，R 1、R 2各自独立地代表C 1～C 12的直链烷基、直链烷氧基或C 2～C 12的直链烯基；
    所述通式II具体为：
    Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-100002
    所述通式II中，R 3、R 4各自独立地代表C 1～C 12的直链烷基、直链烷氧基或C 2～C 12的直链烯基；A 1各自独立地代表下面任意一种：
    Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-100003
    所述通式III具体为：
    Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-100004
    所述通式III中，R 5、R 6各自独立地代表C 1～C 12的直链烷基、直链烷氧基或C 2～C 12的直链烯基，A 2各自独立地代表：
    Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-100005
    所述通式IV具体为：
    Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-100006
    所述通式IV中，R 7、R 8各自独立地代表C 1～C 12的直链烷基、直链烷氧基或C 2～C 12的直链烯基，A 3、A 4各自独立地代表反式1，4-环己基或1，4-亚苯基。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的液晶组合物，其特征在于，所述通式I所代表的化合物 为式IA或IB：
    Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-100007
    所述式IA～IC中，R 1、R 2各自独立地代表C 1～C 7的直链烷基或C 2～C 7的直链烯基；
    优选地，所述通式I所代表的化合物选自式IA1～IA63或式IB1～IB45所代表的化合物中的一种或几种：
    Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-100008
    Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-100009
    Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-100010
    Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-100011
    更优选地，所述通式I所代表的化合物选自IA3、IA12、IA21、IA23、IA24、IA25、IA39、IA43、IB3、IB5、IB8、IB10、IB26、IB27、IB30、IB31中的一种或多种；进一步地优选地，所述通式I所代表的化合物选自IA3、IA21、IA23、IA24、IA25、IA39、IA43、IB3、IB5、IB8、IB10、IB26、IB27、IB30、IB31中的一种或多种；最优选地，所述通式I所代表的化合物选自IA3、IA21、IA23、IA39、IB3、IB5、IB8、IB10、IB26、IB27、IB30、IB31中的一种或多种。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的液晶组合物，其特征在于，所述通式II所代表的化合物选自式IIA～IIC所示结构中的一种或多种：
    Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-100012
    所述式IIA～IIC中，R 3、R 4是如权利要求1所定义的；
    优选地，所述通式II所代表的化合物选自式IIA1～IIA48、式IIB1～IIB48或式IIC1～IIC48中的一种或多种：
    Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-100013
    Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-100014
    Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-100015
    Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-100016
    Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-100017
    更优选地，所述通式II所代表的化合物选自式IIA10、IIA13、IIA14、IIA15、IIA16、IIA18、IIB14、IIB18、IIC13、IIC14中的一种或多种。
  4. 根据权利要求1～3任一所述的液晶组合物，其特征在于，所述通式III所代表的化合物选自IIIA～IIIC中的一种或多种：
    Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-100018
    所述式IIIA～IIIC中，R 5、R 6是如权利要求1所定义的；
    优选地，通式III所代表的化合物选自式IIIA1～IIIA48、式IIIB1～IIIB48或式IIIC1～IIIC48中的一种或多种：
    Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-100019
    Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-100020
    Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-100021
    Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-100022
    Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-100023
    更优选地，所述通式III所代表的化合物选自IIIA14、IIIA16、IIIA22、IIIC14、IIIA15中的一种或多种。
  5. 根据权利要求1～4任一所述的液晶组合物，其特征在于，所述通式IV所代表的化合物选自式IVA～IVC所示结构中的一种或多种：
    Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-100024
    所述式IVA～IVC中，R 7、R 8是如权利要求1所定义的；
    优选地，通式IV所代表的化合物选自式IVA1～IVA39、式IVB1～IVB24或式IVC1～IVC24所代表的化合物中的一种或多种：
    Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-100025
    Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-100026
    Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-100027
    更优选的，所述通式IV所代表的化合物选自IVA3、IVA7、IVA11、IVA12、IVA25、IVA29、IVA31、IVA37、IVB18、IVB22、IVC2、IVC4、IVC15、IVC20中的一种或多种；最优选地，所述通式IV所代表的化合物选自IVA25、IVA29、IVA37、IVB18、IVB22、 IVC2、IVC4、IVC15、IVC20中的一种或多种。
  6. 根据权利要求1～5任一所述的液晶组合物，其特征在于，还包括一种或多种通式V所代表的化合物：
    Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-100028
    所述通式V中，R 9、R 10各自独立地代表C 1～C 12的直链烷基、直链烷氧基或C 2～C 12的直链烯基；A 5各自独立地代表反式1，4-环己基或1，4-亚苯基；
    和/或，还包括一种或多种通式VI所代表的化合物：
    Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-100029
    所述通式VI中，R 11、R 12各自独立地代表C 1～C 12的直链烷基、直链烷氧基或C 2～C 12的直链烯基；L 1、L 2、L 3各自独立地代表H或F；
    优选地：
    所述通式V所代表的化合物为式VA或VB：
    Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-100030
    所述通式VA或VB中，R 9、R 10各自独立地代表C 1～C 7的直链烷基、直链烷氧基或C 2～C 7的直链烯基；
    和/或，所述通式VI所代表的化合物为VIA或VIB：
    Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-100031
    所述通式VIA或VIB中，R 11各自独立地代表C 1～C 7的直链烷基或C 2～C 7的直链烯基；R 12各自独立地代表C 1～C 7的直链烷基或直链烷氧基；
    更优选地：
    所述通式V所代表化合物选自通式VA1～VA38或式VB1～VB38所代表的化合物中的一种或多种：
    Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-100032
    Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-100033
    Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-100034
    和/或，通式VI所代表的化合物选自式VIA1～VIA24或式VIB1～VIB24所代表的化合物中的一种或多种：
    Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-100035
    Figure PCTCN2020077018-appb-100036
  7. 根据权利要求1～6任一所述的液晶组合物，其特征在于，所述液晶组合物包含2～20wt％的通式I所代表的化合物；
    或，所述液晶组合物包含15～55wt％的通式II所代表的化合物；
    或，所述液晶组合物包含5～40wt％的通式III所代表的化合物；
    或，所述液晶组合物包含15～55wt％的通式IV所代表的化合物；
    优选地，
    所述液晶组合物包含3～20wt％的通式I所代表的化合物；
    或，所述液晶组合物包含3～12wt％的通式I所代表的化合物；
    或，所述液晶组合物包含4～20wt％的通式I所代表的化合物；
    或，所述液晶组合物包含20～50wt％的通式II所代表的化合物；
    或，所述液晶组合物包含20～45wt％的通式II所代表的化合物；
    或，所述液晶组合物包含8～35wt％的通式III所代表的化合物；
    或，所述液晶组合物包含14～35wt％的通式III所代表的化合物；
    或，所述液晶组合物包含20～52wt％的通式IV所代表的化合物；
    或，所述液晶组合物包含25～38wt％的通式IV所代表的化合物；
    更优选地，
    所述液晶组合物包含4～16wt％的通式I所代表的化合物；
    或，所述液晶组合物包含5～16wt％的通式I所代表的化合物；
    或，所述液晶组合物包含4～9wt％的通式I所代表的化合物；
    或，所述液晶组合物包含25～46wt％的通式II所代表的化合物；
    或，所述液晶组合物包含25～40wt％的通式II所代表的化合物；
    或，所述液晶组合物包含26～46wt％的通式II所代表的化合物；
    或，所述液晶组合物包含11～27wt％的通式III所代表的化合物；
    或，所述液晶组合物包含16～31wt％的通式III所代表的化合物；
    或，所述液晶组合物包含11～31wt％的通式III所代表的化合物；
    或，所述液晶组合物包含24～48wt％的通式IV所代表的化合物；
    或，所述液晶组合物包含30～34wt％的通式IV所代表的化合物。
  8. 根据权利要求1～7任一所述的液晶组合物，其特征在于，所述液晶组合物中包含以下重量百分比的组分：
    (1)2～20％通式I所代表的化合物；
    (2)15～55％通式II所代表的化合物；
    (3)5～55％通式III所代表的化合物；
    (4)15～55％通式IV所代表的化合物；
    (5)0～20％通式V～VI所代表的化合物；
    或，所述液晶组合物包含以下重量百分比的组分：
    (1)3～20％通式I所代表的化合物；
    (2)20～50％通式II所代表的化合物；
    (3)8～35％通式III所代表的化合物；
    (4)20～52％通式IV所代表的化合物；
    (5)0～15％通式V～VI所代表的化合物；
    优选地，所述液晶组合物包含以下重量百分比的组分：
    (1)4～16％通式I所代表的化合物；
    (2)25～46％通式II所代表的化合物；
    (3)11～31％通式III所代表的化合物；
    (4)24～48％通式IV所代表的化合物；
    (5)0～9％通式V～VI所代表的化合物；
    或，所述液晶组合物包含以下重量百分比的组分：
    (1)3～12％通式I所代表的化合物；
    (2)20～45％通式II所代表的化合物；
    (3)14～35％通式III所代表的化合物；
    (4)25～38％通式IV所代表的化合物；
    (5)1～15％通式V～VI所代表的化合物；
    优选地，所述液晶组合物包含以下重量百分比的组分：
    (1)4～9％通式I所代表的化合物；
    (2)25～40％通式II所代表的化合物；
    (3)16～31％通式III所代表的化合物；
    (4)30～34％通式IV所代表的化合物；
    (5)5～9％通式V～VI所代表的化合物；
    或，所述液晶组合物包含以下重量百分比的组分：
    (1)4～20％通式I所代表的化合物；
    (2)20～50％通式II所代表的化合物；
    (3)8～35％通式III所代表的化合物；
    (4)20～52％通式IV所代表的化合物；
    优选地，所述液晶组合物包含以下重量百分比的组分：
    (1)5～16％通式I所代表的化合物；
    (2)26～46％通式II所代表的化合物；
    (3)11～27％通式III所代表的化合物；
    (4)24～48％通式IV所代表的化合物。
  9. 根据权利要求1～8任一所述的液晶组合物在液晶显示装置中的应用；优选在IPS或FFS型液晶显示装置中的应用。
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