WO2021134883A1 - 含有甲氧基桥键负性液晶化合物的液晶组合物及其应用 - Google Patents

含有甲氧基桥键负性液晶化合物的液晶组合物及其应用 Download PDF

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WO2021134883A1
WO2021134883A1 PCT/CN2020/077017 CN2020077017W WO2021134883A1 WO 2021134883 A1 WO2021134883 A1 WO 2021134883A1 CN 2020077017 W CN2020077017 W CN 2020077017W WO 2021134883 A1 WO2021134883 A1 WO 2021134883A1
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general formula
compound represented
liquid crystal
crystal composition
composition contains
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PCT/CN2020/077017
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French (fr)
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陈卯先
储士红
姜天孟
陈海光
未欣
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北京八亿时空液晶科技股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2021134883A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021134883A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
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    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
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    • C09K2019/0407—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit the structure containing one or more specific, optionally substituted ring or ring systems containing a carbocyclic ring, e.g. dicyano-benzene, chlorofluoro-benzene or cyclohexanone
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    • C09K19/10—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings
    • C09K19/12—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings at least two benzene rings directly linked, e.g. biphenyls
    • C09K2019/121—Compounds containing phenylene-1,4-diyl (-Ph-)
    • C09K2019/122—Ph-Ph
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    • C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
    • C09K19/10—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings
    • C09K19/12—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings at least two benzene rings directly linked, e.g. biphenyls
    • C09K2019/121—Compounds containing phenylene-1,4-diyl (-Ph-)
    • C09K2019/123—Ph-Ph-Ph
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    • C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
    • C09K19/10—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings
    • C09K19/14—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings linked by a carbon chain
    • C09K19/18—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings linked by a carbon chain the chain containing carbon-to-carbon triple bonds, e.g. tolans
    • C09K2019/181—Ph-C≡C-Ph
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    • C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
    • C09K19/30—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing saturated or unsaturated non-aromatic rings, e.g. cyclohexane rings
    • C09K19/3001—Cyclohexane rings
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    • C09K19/3001—Cyclohexane rings
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    • C09K2019/3016—Cy-Ph-Ph
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    • C09K19/3003—Compounds containing at least two rings in which the different rings are directly linked (covalent bond)
    • C09K2019/3021—Cy-Ph-Ph-Cy

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a liquid crystal material and its application field, in particular to a liquid crystal composition containing a methoxy bridge bond negative liquid crystal compound and its application.
  • LCD displays have been widely used in various products.
  • IPS and FFS mode displays are widely used in mobile phones, laptops, and tablets because of their unique hard screen characteristics and very wide viewing angle characteristics.
  • either positive liquid crystal or negative liquid crystal can be used. Because the negative liquid crystal molecules are arranged perpendicular to the direction of the electric field line under the action of an electric field, compared to the positive liquid crystal molecules along the electric field under the action of the electric field The line direction is arranged and the use of negative polarity avoids the transmittance sacrifice and flicker problems caused by the bending electric field in the IPS and FFS modes, thereby improving the transmittance and flicker of the LCD.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal composition with a large elastic constant, so as to achieve the purpose of improving the contrast of liquid crystal displays, and at the same time, the liquid crystal composition has negative dielectric anisotropy, and has a higher The transmittance and has the effect of improving the flicker of the liquid crystal display.
  • the liquid crystal composition provided by the invention has a large elastic constant on the one hand, and a lower rotational viscosity on the other hand, thereby realizing a liquid crystal display with high contrast and fast response.
  • a liquid crystal composition containing a negative liquid crystal compound with a methoxy bridge bond comprising at least one or more compounds represented by the general formula I, one or more compounds represented by the general formula II, and one or more The compound represented by the general formula III and one or more compounds represented by the general formula IV;
  • R 1 and R 2 each independently represent a C 1 to C 12 linear alkyl group, a linear alkoxy group or a C 2 to C 12 linear alkenyl group;
  • R 3 and R 4 each independently represent a C 1 ⁇ C 12 linear alkyl group, a linear alkoxy group or a C 2 ⁇ C 12 linear alkenyl group; n 1 is 0 or 1. ; A 1 each independently represents any of the following:
  • R 5 and R 6 each independently represent a C 1 ⁇ C 12 linear alkyl group, a linear alkoxy group or a C 2 ⁇ C 12 linear alkenyl group; n 2 is 0 or 1. ;
  • R 7 and R 8 each independently represent a C 1 ⁇ C 12 linear alkyl group, a linear alkoxy group or a C 2 ⁇ C 12 linear alkenyl group, and A 2 , A 3 each independently Independently represents trans 1,4-cyclohexyl or 1,4-phenylene.
  • the compound represented by the general formula I is the formula IA or IB:
  • R 1 and R 2 each independently represent a C 1 to C 7 linear alkyl group or a C 2 to C 7 linear alkenyl group;
  • the compound represented by the general formula I is selected from one or more of the compounds represented by formulas IA1 to IA63 or formulas IB1 to IB45:
  • the compound represented by the general formula I is selected from one of IA3, IA12, IA21, IA23, IA24, IA25, IA39, IA43, IB3, IB5, IB8, IB10, IB26, IB27, IB30, IB31 Or more; still further preferably, the compound represented by the general formula I is selected from IA3, IA21, IA23, IA24, IA25, IA39, IA43, IB3, IB5, IB8, IB10, IB26, IB27, IB30, IB31 Most preferably, the compound represented by the general formula I is selected from one of IA3, IA21, IA23, IA39, IB3, IB5, IB8, IB10, IB26, IB27, IB30, IB31 or Many kinds.
  • the compound represented by the general formula II is selected from one or more of the structures represented by formulas IIA to IIF:
  • R 3 and R 4 are as defined above;
  • the compound represented by the general formula II is selected from one or more of formula IIA1 to IIA48, formula IIB1 to IIB48, formula IIC1 to IIC48, formula IID1 to IID48, formula IIE1 to IIE48 or formula IIF1 to IIF48 Species:
  • the compound represented by the general formula II is selected from one of formula IIA14, IIA16, IIA22, IIC14, IIC15, IID10, IID13, IID14, IID15, IID16, IID18, IIE14, IIE18, IIF13, IIF14 or Many kinds.
  • the compound represented by the general formula III is the formula IIIA or IIIB:
  • R 5 and R 6 are as defined above;
  • the compound represented by general formula III is selected from one or more of formulas IIIA1 to IIIA42 or formulas IIIB1 to IIIB42:
  • the compound represented by the general formula III is selected from one or more of IIIA13, IIIA17, IIIA18, IIIA20, IIIB17, IIIB18, and IIIB20; most preferably, the compound represented by the general formula III is selected From one or more of IIIA17, IIIA18, IIIB17, IIIB18, and IIIB20.
  • the compound represented by the general formula IV is selected from one or more of the structures represented by the formulas IVA to IVC:
  • the compound represented by general formula IV is selected from one or more of the compounds represented by formulas IVA1 to IVA39, formulas IVB1 to IVB24, or formulas IVC1 to IVC24:
  • the compound represented by the general formula IV is selected from one or more of IVA3, IVA7, IVA11, IVA12, IVA25, IVA29, IVA31, IVA37, IVB18, IVB22, IVC2, IVC4, IVC15, IVC20; Most preferably, the compound represented by the general formula IV is selected from one or more of IVA25, IVA29, IVA37, IVB18, IVB22, IVC2, IVC4, IVC15, IVC20.
  • the above-mentioned liquid crystal composition further includes one or more compounds represented by the general formula V:
  • R 9 and R 10 each independently represent a C 1 ⁇ C 12 linear alkyl group, a linear alkoxy group or a C 2 ⁇ C 12 linear alkenyl group;
  • a 4 each independently represents Trans 1,4-cyclohexyl or 1,4-phenylene;
  • R 11 and R 12 each independently represent a C 1 ⁇ C 12 linear alkyl group, a linear alkoxy group or a C 2 ⁇ C 12 linear alkenyl group;
  • L 1 , L 2 , L 3 each independently represents H or F;
  • the compound represented by the general formula V is the formula VA or VB:
  • R 9 and R 10 each independently represent a C 1 to C 7 linear alkyl group, a linear alkoxy group or a C 2 to C 7 linear alkenyl group;
  • R 11 each independently represents a C 1 ⁇ C 7 linear alkyl group or a C 2 ⁇ C 7 linear alkenyl group
  • R 12 each independently represents a C 1 ⁇ C 7 straight chain Alkyl or straight-chain alkoxy
  • the compound represented by the general formula V is selected from one or more of the compounds represented by the general formulas VA1 to VA38 or the formulas VB1 to VB38:
  • the compound represented by the general formula VI is selected from one or more of the compounds represented by the formula VIA1 to VIA24 or the formula VIB1 to VIB24:
  • the above-mentioned liquid crystal composition further includes one or more compounds represented by the general formula VII:
  • R 13 and R 14 each independently represent a C 1 to C 12 linear alkyl group or a linear alkoxy group; n 3 is 0 or 1;
  • R 15 and R 16 each independently represent a C 1 -C 12 linear alkyl group;
  • L 4 represents H or F;
  • the compound represented by the general formula VII is the formula VIIA or VIIB:
  • R 13 each independently represents a C 1 to C 7 linear alkyl group
  • R 14 each independently represents a C 1 to C 7 linear alkyl group or a linear alkoxy group
  • the compound represented by the general formula VIII is the formula VIIIA or VIIIB:
  • R 15 and R 16 each independently represent a C 1 -C 5 linear alkyl group
  • the compound represented by the general formula VII is selected from one or more of the compounds represented by the formula VIIA1 to VIIA24 or the formula VIIB1 to VIIB24:
  • the liquid crystal composition contains 2-20% by weight of the compound represented by the general formula I;
  • the liquid crystal composition contains 5-55wt% of the compound represented by the general formula II;
  • the liquid crystal composition contains 10-50% by weight of the compound represented by the general formula III;
  • the liquid crystal composition contains 10 to 55 wt% of the compound represented by the general formula IV;
  • the liquid crystal composition contains 4-15 wt% of the compound represented by general formula I;
  • the liquid crystal composition contains 5-15 wt% of the compound represented by general formula I;
  • the liquid crystal composition contains 10-50% by weight of the compound represented by the general formula II;
  • the liquid crystal composition contains 10-30% by weight of the compound represented by the general formula II;
  • the liquid crystal composition contains 10-25% by weight of the compound represented by the general formula II;
  • the liquid crystal composition contains 15-40% by weight of the compound represented by the general formula III;
  • the liquid crystal composition contains 25-40% by weight of the compound represented by the general formula III;
  • the liquid crystal composition contains 30 to 38 wt% of the compound represented by the general formula III;
  • the liquid crystal composition contains 15-50% by weight of the compound represented by the general formula IV;
  • the liquid crystal composition contains 25-50wt% of the compound represented by the general formula IV;
  • the liquid crystal composition contains 30-50% by weight of the compound represented by the general formula IV;
  • the liquid crystal composition contains 5-12% by weight of the compound represented by the general formula I;
  • the liquid crystal composition contains 5-10% by weight of the compound represented by the general formula I;
  • the liquid crystal composition contains 6-12% by weight of the compound represented by the general formula I;
  • the liquid crystal composition contains 12 to 46 wt% of the compound represented by general formula II;
  • the liquid crystal composition contains 12-30% by weight of the compound represented by the general formula II;
  • the liquid crystal composition contains 13 to 23 wt% of the compound represented by general formula II;
  • the liquid crystal composition contains 18 to 35 wt% of the compound represented by the general formula III;
  • the liquid crystal composition contains 28 to 35 wt% of the compound represented by the general formula III;
  • the liquid crystal composition contains 32 to 35 wt% of the compound represented by the general formula III;
  • the liquid crystal composition contains 19 to 47 wt% of the compound represented by the general formula IV;
  • the liquid crystal composition contains 27-47 wt% of the compound represented by the general formula IV;
  • the liquid crystal composition contains 19 to 44 wt% of the compound represented by the general formula IV;
  • the liquid crystal composition contains 32 to 47 wt% of the compound represented by the general formula IV.
  • the present invention optimizes the percentage of each component in the provided liquid crystal composition.
  • the liquid crystal composition of the present invention contains the following components by weight percentage: (1) 2-20% of the compound represented by the general formula I; (2) 5-55% of the compound represented by the general formula II; (3) 10-50% of the compound represented by the general formula III; (4) 10-55% of the compound represented by the general formula IV; (5) 0-25% of the compound represented by the general formula V-VIII;
  • the liquid crystal composition includes the following components in weight percentage: (1) 4-15% of the compound represented by general formula I; (2) 10-50% of the compound represented by general formula II; (3) 15 ⁇ 40% of the compound represented by the general formula III; (4) 15-50% of the compound represented by the general formula IV; (5) 0-20% of the compound represented by the general formula V to VIII; preferably, it includes: (1) 5-12% of the compound represented by the general formula I; (2) 12-46% of the compound represented by the general formula II; (3) 18-35% of the compound represented by the general formula III; (4) 19-47% Compounds represented by formula IV; (5) 0-16% of compounds represented by general formulas V to VIII;
  • the liquid crystal composition includes the following components by weight percentage: (1) 4-15% of the compound represented by the general formula I; (2) 10-30% of the compound represented by the general formula II; (3) 25- 40% of the compound represented by the general formula III; (4) 25-50% of the compound represented by the general formula IV; (5) 0-20% of the compound represented by the general formula V to VIII; preferably, comprising: (1) 5-12% of the compound represented by the general formula I; (2) 12-30% of the compound represented by the general formula II; (3) 28-35% of the compound represented by the general formula III; (4) 27-47% Compounds represented by formula IV; (5) 0-16% of compounds represented by general formulas V to VIII;
  • the liquid crystal composition includes the following components in weight percentage: (1) 4-15% of the compound represented by general formula I; (2) 10-50% of the compound represented by general formula II; (3) 15 ⁇ 40% of the compound represented by the general formula III; (4) 15-50% of the compound represented by the general formula IV; (5) 1-20% of the compound represented by the general formula V to VIII; preferably, it contains: (1) 5-10% of the compound represented by the general formula I; (2) 12-46% of the compound represented by the general formula II; (3) 18-35% of the compound represented by the general formula III; (4) 19-44% Compounds represented by formula IV; (5) 2-16% of compounds represented by general formulas V to VIII;
  • the liquid crystal composition includes the following components by weight percentage: (1) 5-15% of the compound represented by formula I; (2) 10-25% of the compound represented by formula II; (3) 30 ⁇ 38% of the compound represented by the general formula III; (4) 30-50% of the compound represented by the general formula IV; preferably, containing: (1) 6-12% of the compound represented by the general formula I; (2) 13 ⁇ 23% of the compound represented by the general formula II; (3) 32 to 35% of the compound represented by the general formula III; (4) 32 to 47% of the compound represented by the general formula IV.
  • the compounds of general formula I provided by the present invention have large elastic constants
  • the compounds of general formula II and III provided by the present invention have negative dielectric anisotropy
  • the compounds represented by general formula IV provided by the present invention It has a low rotational viscosity.
  • the present invention increases the elastic constant by adding compounds of the general formula I, at the same time increases the dielectric anisotropy by adding compounds of the general formula II and III, and reduces the rotational viscosity by increasing or decreasing the IV compounds to achieve low rotation. Viscosity and large elastic constant improve the contrast performance of liquid crystal displays.
  • the preparation method of the liquid crystal composition of the present invention is not particularly limited.
  • the conventional method can be used to mix two or more compounds for production, such as by mixing different components at high temperature and dissolving each other, wherein the liquid crystal is combined
  • the compound is dissolved in the solvent used for the compound and mixed, and then the solvent is distilled off under reduced pressure; or the liquid crystal composition of the present invention can be prepared according to a conventional method, such as mixing the smaller component in the higher It is obtained by dissolving in the main component with a large content at a temperature of high temperature, or dissolving each component in an organic solvent, such as acetone, chloroform or methanol, and then mixing the solution to remove the solvent.
  • an organic solvent such as acetone, chloroform or methanol
  • percentages in the present invention are weight percentages; temperature units are degrees Celsius; ⁇ n represents optical anisotropy (25°C); ⁇ ⁇ and ⁇ ⁇ represent parallel and perpendicular dielectric constants (25°C, 1000 Hz) respectively; ⁇ represents the dielectric anisotropy (25°C, 1000Hz); ⁇ 1 represents the rotational viscosity (mPa.s, 25°C); Cp represents the clearing point (°C) of the liquid crystal composition; K 11 , K 22 , and K 33 represent respectively Spreading, twisting and bending elastic constants (pN, 25°C).
  • Table 1 Group structure codes of liquid crystal compounds
  • the preparation of the liquid crystal composition adopts the thermal dissolution method, which includes the following steps: weigh the liquid crystal compound by weight percentage with a balance, wherein the order of weighing and addition is not specified, and the melting point of the liquid crystal compound is usually from high to low. Weigh and mix in sequence, heat and stir at 60-100°C to make the components melt uniformly, filter, rotatably, and finally package to obtain the target sample.
  • Table 2 Weight percentages and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 3 Weight percentage and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 4 Weight percentages and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 5 Weight percentages and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 6 Weight percentage and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 7 Weight percentage and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 8 Weight percentages and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 9 Weight percentages and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 10 Weight percentages and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 11 Weight percentage and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 12 Weight percentages and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 13 Weight percentages and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 14 Weight percentages and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 15 Weight percentages and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 16 The weight percentage and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 17 Weight percentage and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 18 Weight percentages and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 19 Weight percentages and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 20 Weight percentage and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 21 Weight percentage and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 22 Weight percentage and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 23 Weight percentage and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 24 Weight percentages and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 25 Weight percentage and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 26 Weight percentage and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 27 Weight percentage and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 28 Weight percentage and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 29 Weight percentage and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 30 Weight percentage and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 31 Weight percentages and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 32 Weight percentages and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 33 Weight percentage and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 34 Weight percentages and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 35 Weight percentages and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 36 Weight percentage and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Table 37 Weight percentage and performance parameters of each component in the liquid crystal composition
  • Example 1 Compared with Comparative Example 1, the liquid crystal composition provided by Example 1 has a larger elastic constant. Compared with Comparative Example 1, the elastic constant of Example 1 is increased by about 10%, that is, it can be used in liquid crystal displays. Increase the contrast by about 10%.
  • the liquid crystal composition provided by the present invention has a large elastic constant, and when used in IPS and FFS mode displays, it can effectively improve the contrast of liquid crystal displays. Therefore, the IPS or FFS type TFT liquid crystal display device to which the liquid crystal composition provided by the present invention is applicable can significantly improve the dark state light leakage problem of the liquid crystal display, thereby increasing the contrast of the liquid crystal display, and can improve the contrast characteristics of the IPS or FFS mode liquid crystal display .
  • the present invention provides a liquid crystal composition containing a methoxy bridge bond negative liquid crystal compound and its application.
  • the liquid crystal composition comprises at least one or more compounds represented by general formula I, and one or more general formulas.
  • the liquid crystal composition of the present invention has a large elastic constant and a fast response time, can improve the contrast of the liquid crystal display when used in a liquid crystal display, and has good economic value and application prospects.

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Abstract

本发明涉及一种含有甲氧基桥键负性液晶化合物的液晶组合物及其应用，所述液晶组合物包含至少一种或多种通式I所代表的化合物、一种或多种通式II所代表的化合物、一种或多种通式III所代表的化合物以及一种或多种通式IV所代表的化合物。本发明所述液晶组合物具有大的弹性常数和快的响应时间，用于液晶显示器中可提升液晶显示器的对比度。

Description

含有甲氧基桥键负性液晶化合物的液晶组合物及其应用
交叉引用
本申请要求2020年1月3日提交的专利名称为“含有甲氧基桥键负性液晶化合物的液晶组合物及其应用”的第202010007007.1号中国专利申请的优先权，其全部公开内容通过引用整体并入本文。
技术领域
本发明涉及液晶材料及其应用领域，具体涉及一种含有甲氧基桥键负性液晶化合物的液晶组合物及其应用。
背景技术
目前，LCD显示器作为最主流的显示器，已广泛用于各种产品中，其中IPS和FFS模式显示器因为其独有的硬屏特性以及非常宽的视角特性，目前广泛用于手机、笔记本电脑、平板电脑、电脑显示器、电视等方面。
IPS和FFS液晶平面排列导致在暗态时容易出现漏光，对比度性能方面明显劣势于VA类(MVA、PVA、UV2A、PSVA)显示器。经过研究发现，液晶分子在初始排列时，由于配向层表面存在的配向碎屑等会导致液晶分子排列紊乱从而导致暗态漏光；如何改善液晶排列紊乱成为如何提升IPS和FFS模式显示器的重要课题，通过研究发现，液晶的弹性常数增加有助于改善液晶分子的排列。
对于IPS和FFS模式，既可以使用正性液晶，也可以使用负性液晶，由于负性液晶分子在电场作用下，垂直于电场线方向排列，相对于正性液晶分子在电场作用下沿着电场线方向排列，使用负性避免了IPS和FFS模式下弯曲电场造成的透过率牺牲和闪烁问题，进而改善液晶显示器的透过率和闪烁。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种具有大的弹性常数的液晶组合物，以此实现改善液晶显示器对比度的目的，同时该液晶组合物具有负的介电各向异性，用于液晶显示器中具有更高的透过率和具有改善液晶显示器闪烁的效果。
本领域公知，提升液晶组合物的清亮点可以实现提升弹性常数的目的，但是随着清亮点提升，液晶组合物的旋转粘度增加，从而导致液晶显示器响应时间变慢，令人惊奇的是，本发明所提供的液晶组合物一方面具有大的弹性常数，另一方面具有较低的旋转粘度，从而实现高对比度和快速响应的液晶显示器。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：
一种含有甲氧基桥键负性液晶化合物的液晶组合物，包含至少一种或多种通式I所代表的化合物、一种或多种通式II所代表的化合物、一种或多种通式III所代表的化合物以及一种或多种通式IV所代表的化合物；
所述通式I具体为：
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000001
所述通式I中，R 1、R 2各自独立地代表C 1～C 12的直链烷基、直链烷氧基或C 2～C 12的直链烯基；
所述通式II具体为：
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000002
所述通式II中，R 3、R 4各自独立地代表C 1～C 12的直链烷基、直链烷氧基或C 2～C 12的直链烯基；n 1为0或1；A 1各自独立地代表下面任意一种：
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000003
所述通式III具体为：
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000004
所述通式III中，R 5、R 6各自独立地代表C 1～C 12的直链烷基、直链烷氧基或C 2～C 12的直链烯基；n 2为0或1；
所述通式IV具体为：
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000005
所述通式IV中，R 7、R 8各自独立地代表C 1～C 12的直链烷基、直链烷氧基或C 2～C 12的直链烯基，A 2、A 3各自独立地代表反式1，4-环己基或1，4-亚苯基。
优选地，上述液晶组合物中，所述通式I所代表的化合物为式IA或IB：
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000006
所述式IA～IC中，R 1、R 2各自独立地代表C 1～C 7的直链烷基或C 2～C 7的直链烯基；
更优选地，所述通式I所代表的化合物选自式IA1～IA63或式IB1～IB45所代表的化合物中的一种或几种：
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000007
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000008
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000009
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000010
进一步优选地，所述通式I所代表的化合物选自IA3、IA12、IA21、IA23、IA24、IA25、IA39、IA43、IB3、IB5、IB8、IB10、IB26、IB27、IB30、IB31中的一种或多种；再进一步优选地，所述通式I所代表的化合物选自IA3、IA21、IA23、IA24、IA25、IA39、IA43、IB3、IB5、IB8、IB10、IB26、IB27、IB30、IB31中的一种或多种；最优选地，所述通式I所代表的化合物选自IA3、IA21、IA23、IA39、IB3、IB5、IB8、IB10、IB26、IB27、IB30、IB31中的一种或多种。
优选地，上述液晶组合物中，所述通式II所代表的化合物选自式IIA～IIF所示结构中的一种或多种：
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000011
所述式IIA～IIF中，R 3、R 4的定义同上；
更优选地，所述通式II所代表的化合物选自式IIA1～IIA48、式IIB1～IIB48、式IIC1～IIC48、式IID1～IID48、式IIE1～IIE48或式IIF1～IIF48中的一种或多种：
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000012
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000013
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000014
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000015
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000016
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000017
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000018
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000019
进一步优选地，所述通式II所代表的化合物选自式IIA14、IIA16、IIA22、IIC14、IIC15、IID10、IID13、IID14、IID15、IID16、IID18、IIE14、IIE18、IIF13、IIF14中的一种或多种。
优选地，上述液晶组合物中，所述通式III所代表的化合物为式IIIA或IIIB：
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000020
所述式IIIA和IIIB中，R 5、R 6的定义同上；
更优选地，通式III所代表的化合物选自式IIIA1～IIIA42或式IIIB1～IIIB42中的一种或多种：
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000021
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000022
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000023
进一步优选地，所述通式III所代表的化合物选自IIIA13、IIIA17、IIIA18、IIIA20、IIIB17、IIIB18、IIIB20中的一种或多种；最优选地，所述通式III所代表的化合物选自IIIA17、IIIA18、IIIB17、IIIB18、IIIB20中的一种或多种。
优选地，上述液晶组合物中，所述通式IV所代表的化合物选自式IVA～IVC所示结构中的一种或多种：
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000024
所述式IVA～IVC中，R 7、R 8的定义同上；
更优选地，通式IV所代表的化合物选自式IVA1～IVA39、式IVB1～IVB24或式IVC1～IVC24所代表的化合物中的一种或多种：
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000025
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000026
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000027
进一步优选的，所述通式IV所代表的化合物选自IVA3、IVA7、IVA11、IVA12、IVA25、IVA29、IVA31、IVA37、IVB18、IVB22、IVC2、IVC4、IVC15、IVC20中的一种或多种；最优选地，所述通式IV所代表的化合物选自IVA25、IVA29、IVA37、IVB18、IVB22、IVC2、IVC4、IVC15、IVC20中的一种或多种。
优选地，上述液晶组合物中，还包括一种或多种通式V所代表的化合物：
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000028
所述通式V中，R 9、R 10各自独立地代表C 1～C 12的直链烷基、直链烷氧基或C 2～C 12的直链烯基；A 4各自独立地代表反式1，4-环己基或1，4-亚苯基；
和/或，还包括一种或多种通式VI所代表的化合物：
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000029
所述通式VI中，R 11、R 12各自独立地代表C 1～C 12的直链烷基、直链烷氧基或C 2～C 12的直链烯基；L 1、L 2、L 3各自独立地代表H或F；
更优选地，
所述通式V所代表的化合物为式VA或VB：
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000030
所述通式VA或VB中，R 9、R 10各自独立地代表C 1～C 7的直链烷基、直链烷氧基或C 2～C 7的直链烯基；
和/或，所述通式VI所代表的化合物为VIA或VIB：
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000031
所述通式VIA或VIB中，R 11各自独立地代表C 1～C 7的直链烷基或C 2～C 7的直链烯基；R 12各自独立地代表C 1～C 7的直链烷基或直链烷氧基；
进一步优选地，
所述通式V所代表化合物选自通式VA1～VA38或式VB1～VB38所代表的化合物中的一种或多种：
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000032
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000033
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000034
和/或，通式VI所代表的化合物选自式VIA1～VIA24或式VIB1～VIB24所代表的化合物中的一种或多种：
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000035
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000036
优选地，上述液晶组合物中，还包括一种或多种通式VII所代表的化合物：
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000037
所述通式VII中，R 13、R 14各自独立地代表C 1～C 12的直链烷基或直链烷氧基；n 3为0或1；
和/或，还包括一种或多种通式VIII所代表的化合物：
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000038
所述通式VIII中，R 15、R 16各自独立地代表C 1～C 12的直链烷基；L 4代表H或F；
更优选地，
所述通式VII所代表的化合物为式VIIA或VIIB：
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000039
所述式VIIA或VIIB中，R 13各自独立地代表C 1～C 7的直链烷基；R 14各自独立地代表C 1～C 7的直链烷基或直链烷氧基；
和/或，所述通式VIII所代表的化合物为式VIII A或VIII B：
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000040
所述式VIII A或VIII B中，R 15、R 16各自独立地代表C 1～C 5的直链烷基；
进一步优选地，
通式VII所代表的化合物选自式VIIA1～VIIA24或式VIIB1～VIIB24所代表的化合物中的一种或多种：
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000041
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000042
优选地，上述液晶组合物中，所述液晶组合物包含2～20wt％的通式I所代表的化合物；
或，所述液晶组合物包含5～55wt％的通式II所代表的化合物；
或，所述液晶组合物包含10～50wt％的通式III所代表的化合物；
或，所述液晶组合物包含10～55wt％的通式IV所代表的化合物；
更优选地，
所述液晶组合物包含4～15wt％的通式I所代表的化合物；
或，所述液晶组合物包含5～15wt％的通式I所代表的化合物；
或，所述液晶组合物包含10～50wt％的通式II所代表的化合物；
或，所述液晶组合物包含10～30wt％的通式II所代表的化合物；
或，所述液晶组合物包含10～25wt％的通式II所代表的化合物；
或，所述液晶组合物包含15～40wt％的通式III所代表的化合物；
或，所述液晶组合物包含25～40wt％的通式III所代表的化合物；
或，所述液晶组合物包含30～38wt％的通式III所代表的化合物；
或，所述液晶组合物包含15～50wt％的通式IV所代表的化合物；
或，所述液晶组合物包含25～50wt％的通式IV所代表的化合物；
或，所述液晶组合物包含30～50wt％的通式IV所代表的化合物；
进一步优选地，
所述液晶组合物包含5～12wt％的通式I所代表的化合物；
或，所述液晶组合物包含5～10wt％的通式I所代表的化合物；
或，所述液晶组合物包含6～12wt％的通式I所代表的化合物；
或，所述液晶组合物包含12～46wt％的通式II所代表的化合物；
或，所述液晶组合物包含12～30wt％的通式II所代表的化合物；
或，所述液晶组合物包含13～23wt％的通式II所代表的化合物；
或，所述液晶组合物包含18～35wt％的通式III所代表的化合物；
或，所述液晶组合物包含28～35wt％的通式III所代表的化合物；
或，所述液晶组合物包含32～35wt％的通式III所代表的化合物；
或，所述液晶组合物包含19～47wt％的通式IV所代表的化合物；
或，所述液晶组合物包含27～47wt％的通式IV所代表的化合物；
或，所述液晶组合物包含19～44wt％的通式IV所代表的化合物；
或，所述液晶组合物包含32～47wt％的通式IV所代表的化合物。
为了提高各类型化合物之间的协同作用，以及使液晶组合物满足不同的需求，本发明对所提供的液晶组合物中各组分的百分含量进行优选。
具体而言，本发明所述液晶组合物中包含以下重量百分比的组分：(1)2～20％通式I所代表的化合物；(2)5～55％通式II所代表的化合物；(3)10～50％通式III所代表的化合物；(4)10～55％通式IV所代表的化合物；(5)0～25％通式V～VIII所代表的化合物；
或，所述液晶组合物包含以下重量百分比的组分：(1)4～15％通式I所代表的化合物；(2)10～50％通式II所代表的化合物；(3)15～40％通式III所代表的化合物；(4)15～50％通式IV所代表的化合物；(5)0～20％通式V～VIII所代表的化合物；优选的，包含：(1)5～12％通式I所代表的化合物；(2)12～46％通式II所代表的化合物；(3)18～35％通式III所代表的化合物；(4)19～47％通式IV所代表的化合物；(5)0～16％通式V～VIII所代表的化合物；
或，所述液晶组合物包含以下重量百分比的组分：(1)4～15％通式I所代表的化合物；(2)10～30％通式II所代表的化合物；(3)25～40％通式III所代表的化合物；(4)25～50％通式IV所代表的化合物；(5)0～20％通式V～VIII所代表的化合物；优选的，包含：(1)5～12％通式I所代表的化合物；(2)12～30％通式II所代表的化合物；(3)28～35％通式III所代表的化合物；(4)27～47％通式IV所代表的化合物；(5)0～16％通式V～VIII所代表的化合物；
或，所述液晶组合物包含以下重量百分比的组分：(1)4～15％通式I所代表的化合 物；(2)10～50％通式II所代表的化合物；(3)15～40％通式III所代表的化合物；(4)15～50％通式IV所代表的化合物；(5)1～20％通式V～VIII所代表的化合物；优选的，包含：(1)5～10％通式I所代表的化合物；(2)12～46％通式II所代表的化合物；(3)18～35％通式III所代表的化合物；(4)19～44％通式IV所代表的化合物；(5)2～16％通式V～VIII所代表的化合物；
或，所述液晶组合物包含以下重量百分比的组分：(1)5～15％通式I所代表的化合物；(2)10～25％通式II所代表的化合物；(3)30～38％通式III所代表的化合物；(4)30～50％通式IV所代表的化合物；优选的，包含：(1)6～12％通式I所代表的化合物；(2)13～23％通式II所代表的化合物；(3)32～35％通式III所代表的化合物；(4)32～47％通式IV所代表的化合物。
本发明所提供的通式I类的化合物具有大的弹性常数，本发明所提供的通式II和III类化合物具有负的介电各向异性，本发明所提供的通式IV所代表的化合物具有低的旋转粘度，本发明通过加入通式I的化合物增加弹性常数，同时通过加入通式II和III的化合物提升介电各向异性，通过增减IV类化合物降低旋转粘度，实现低的旋转粘度和大的弹性常数，提升液晶显示器的对比度性能。
本发明所述液晶组合物的制备方法无特殊限制，可采用常规方法将两种或多种化合物混合进行生产，如通过在高温下混合不同组分并彼此溶解的方法制备，其中，将液晶组合物溶解在用于该化合物的溶剂中并混合，然后在减压下蒸馏出该溶剂；或者本发明所述液晶组合物可按照常规的方法制备，如将其中含量较小的组分在较高的温度下溶解在含量较大的主要组分中，或将各所属组分在有机溶剂中溶解，如丙酮、氯仿或甲醇等，然后将溶液混合去除溶剂后得到。
具体实施方式
以下实施例用于说明本发明，但不用来限制本发明的范围。
除非另有说明，本发明中百分比为重量百分比；温度单位为摄氏度；△n代表光学各向异性(25℃)；ε ∥和ε ⊥分别代表平行和垂直介电常数(25℃，1000Hz)；△ε代表介电各向异性(25℃，1000Hz)；γ1代表旋转粘度(mPa.s，25℃)；Cp代表液晶组合物的清亮点(℃)；K 11、K 22、K 33分别代表展曲、扭曲和弯曲弹性常数(pN，25℃)。
以下各实施例中，液晶化合物中基团结构用表1所示代码表示。
表1：液晶化合物的基团结构代码
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000043
以如下化合物结构为例：
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000044
表示为：3CLP1
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000045
表示为：3CC1OW1
以下各实施例中，液晶组合物的制备均采用热溶解方法，包括以下步骤：用天平按重量百分比称量液晶化合物，其中称量加入顺序无特定要求，通常以液晶化合物熔点由高到低的顺序依次称量混合，在60～100℃下加热搅拌使得各组分熔解均匀，再经过滤、旋蒸，最后封装即得目标样品。
以下各实施例中，液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及液晶组合物的性能参数见下述表格。
实施例1
表2：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000046
实施例2
表3：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000047
实施例3
表4：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000048
实施例4
表5：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000049
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000050
实施例5
表6：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000051
实施例6
表7：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000052
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000053
实施例7
表8：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000054
实施例8
表9：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000055
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000056
实施例9
表10：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000057
实施例10
表11：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000058
实施例11
表12：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000059
实施例12
表13：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000060
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000061
实施例13
表14：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000062
实施例14
表15：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000063
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000064
实施例15
表16：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000065
实施例16
表17：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000066
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000067
实施例17
表18：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000068
实施例18
表19：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000069
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000070
实施例19
表20：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000071
实施例20
表21：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000072
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000073
实施例21
表22：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000074
实施例22
表23：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000075
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000076
实施例23
表24：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000077
实施例24
表25：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000078
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000079
实施例25
表26：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000080
实施例26
表27：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000081
实施例27
表28：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000082
实施例28
表29：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000083
实施例29
表30：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000084
实施例30
表31：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000085
实施例31
表32：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000086
实施例32
表33：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000087
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000088
实施例33
表34：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000089
实施例34
表35：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000090
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000091
实施例35
表36：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000092
对比例1
表37：液晶组合物中各组分的重量百分比及性能参数
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000093
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000094
将实施例1与对比例1所得液晶组合物的各性能参数值进行汇总比较，参见表38。
表38：液晶组合物的性能参数比较
  △n △ε Cp γ1 K11 K22 K33 Kavg
实施例1 0.108 -3.9 75.8 101.6 15.8 7.9 15.9 13.2
对比例1 0.106 -3.9 76.0 85.0 13.5 6.7 15.4 11.9
经比较可知：与对比例1相比，实施例1提供的液晶组合物具有更大的弹性常数，相对于对比例1，实施例1的弹性常数提升10％左右，即用于液晶显示器中可以增加10％左右的对比度。
由以上实施例可知，本发明所提供的液晶组合物具有大的弹性常数，用于IPS和FFS模式显示器中可有效改善液晶显示器的对比度。因此，本发明所提供的液晶组合物适用于的IPS或FFS型TFT液晶显示装置，能够明显改善液晶显示器暗态漏光问题，进而提升液晶显示器的对比度，能够改善IPS或FFS模式液晶显示器的对比度特性。
虽然，上文中已经用一般性说明及具体实施方案对本发明作了详尽的描述，但在本发明基础上，可以对之作一些修改或改进，这对本领域技术人员而言是显而易见的。因此，在不偏离本发明精神的基础上所做的这些修改或改进，均属于本发明要求保护的范围。
工业实用性
本发明提供一种含有甲氧基桥键负性液晶化合物的液晶组合物及其应用，所述液晶组合物包含至少一种或多种通式I所代表的化合物、一种或多种通式II所代表的化合物、一种或多种通式III所代表的化合物以及一种或多种通式IV所代表的化合物。本发明所述液晶组合物具有大的弹性常数和快的响应时间，用于液晶显示器中可提升液晶显示器的对比度，具有较好的经济价值和应用前景。
Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-000095

Claims (10)

  1. 一种含有甲氧基桥键负性液晶化合物的液晶组合物，其特征在于，包含至少一种或多种通式I所代表的化合物、一种或多种通式II所代表的化合物、一种或多种通式III所代表的化合物以及一种或多种通式IV所代表的化合物；
    所述通式I具体为：
    Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-100001
    所述通式I中，R 1、R 2各自独立地代表C 1～C 12的直链烷基、直链烷氧基或C 2～C 12的直链烯基；
    所述通式II具体为：
    Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-100002
    所述通式II中，R 3、R 4各自独立地代表C 1～C 12的直链烷基、直链烷氧基或C 2～C 12的直链烯基；n 1为0或1；A 1各自独立地代表下面任意一种：
    Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-100003
    所述通式III具体为：
    Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-100004
    所述通式III中，R 5、R 6各自独立地代表C 1～C 12的直链烷基、直链烷氧基或C 2～C 12的直链烯基；n 2为0或1；
    所述通式IV具体为：
    Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-100005
    所述通式IV中，R 7、R 8各自独立地代表C 1～C 12的直链烷基、直链烷氧基或C 2～C 12的直链烯基，A 2、A 3各自独立地代表反式1，4-环己基或1，4-亚苯基。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的液晶组合物，其特征在于，所述通式I所代表的化合物为式IA或IB：
    Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-100006
    所述式IA～IC中，R 1、R 2各自独立地代表C 1～C 7的直链烷基或C 2～C 7的直链烯基；
    优选地，所述通式I所代表的化合物选自式IA1～IA63或式IB1～IB45所代表的化合物 中的一种或几种：
    Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-100007
    Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-100008
    Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-100009
    Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-100010
    更优选地，所述通式I所代表的化合物选自IA3、IA12、IA21、IA23、IA24、IA25、IA39、IA43、IB3、IB5、IB8、IB10、IB26、IB27、IB30、IB31中的一种或多种；进一步地优选地，所述通式I所代表的化合物选自IA3、IA21、IA23、IA24、IA25、IA39、IA43、IB3、IB5、IB8、IB10、IB26、IB27、IB30、IB31中的一种或多种；最优选地，所述通式I所代表的化合物选自IA3、IA21、IA23、IA39、IB3、IB5、IB8、IB10、IB26、IB27、IB30、IB31中的一种或多种。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的液晶组合物，其特征在于，所述通式II所代表的化合物选自式IIA～IIF所示结构中的一种或多种：
    Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-100011
    所述式IIA～IIF中，R 3、R 4是如权利要求1所定义的；
    优选地，所述通式II所代表的化合物选自式IIA1～IIA48、式IIB1～IIB48、式IIC1～IIC48、式IID1～IID48、式IIE1～IIE48或式IIF1～IIF48中的一种或多种：
    Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-100012
    Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-100013
    Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-100014
    Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-100015
    Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-100016
    Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-100017
    Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-100018
    Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-100019
    更优选地，所述通式II所代表的化合物选自式IIA14、IIA16、IIA22、IIC14、IIC15、IID10、IID13、IID14、IID15、IID16、IID18、IIE14、IIE18、IIF13、IIF14中的一种或多种。
  4. 根据权利要求1～3任一所述的液晶组合物，其特征在于，所述通式III所代表的化合物为式IIIA或IIIB：
    Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-100020
    所述式IIIA和IIIB中，R 5、R 6是如权利要求1所定义的；
    优选地，通式III所代表的化合物选自式IIIA1～IIIA42或式IIIB1～IIIB42中的一种或多种：
    Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-100021
    Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-100022
    Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-100023
    更优选地，所述通式III所代表的化合物选自IIIA13、IIIA17、IIIA18、IIIA20、IIIB17、IIIB18、IIIB20中的一种或多种；最优选地，所述通式III所代表的化合物选自IIIA17、IIIA18、IIIB17、IIIB18、IIIB20中的一种或多种。
  5. 根据权利要求1～4任一所述的液晶组合物，其特征在于，所述通式IV所代表的化合物选自式IVA～IVC所示结构中的一种或多种：
    Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-100024
    所述式IVA～IVC中，R 7、R 8是如权利要求1所定义的；
    优选地，通式IV所代表的化合物选自式IVA1～IVA39、式IVB1～IVB24或式IVC1～IVC24所代表的化合物中的一种或多种：
    Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-100025
    Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-100026
    Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-100027
    更优选的，所述通式IV所代表的化合物选自IVA3、IVA7、IVA11、IVA12、IVA25、IVA29、IVA31、IVA37、IVB18、IVB22、IVC2、IVC4、IVC15、IVC20中的一种或多种；最优选地，所述通式IV所代表的化合物选自IVA25、IVA29、IVA37、IVB18、IVB22、IVC2、IVC4、IVC15、IVC20中的一种或多种。
  6. 根据权利要求1～5任一所述的液晶组合物，其特征在于，还包括一种或多种通式V所代表的化合物：
    Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-100028
    所述通式V中，R 9、R 10各自独立地代表C 1～C 12的直链烷基、直链烷氧基或C 2～C 12的直链烯基；A 4各自独立地代表反式1，4-环己基或1，4-亚苯基；
    和/或，还包括一种或多种通式VI所代表的化合物：
    Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-100029
    所述通式VI中，R 11、R 12各自独立地代表C 1～C 12的直链烷基、直链烷氧基或C 2～C 12的直链烯基；L 1、L 2、L 3各自独立地代表H或F；
    优选地：
    所述通式V所代表的化合物为式VA或VB：
    Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-100030
    所述通式VA或VB中，R 9、R 10各自独立地代表C 1～C 7的直链烷基、直链烷氧基或C 2～C 7的直链烯基；
    和/或，所述通式VI所代表的化合物为VIA或VIB：
    Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-100031
    所述通式VIA或VIB中，R 11各自独立地代表C 1～C 7的直链烷基或C 2～C 7的直链烯基；R 12各自独立地代表C 1～C 7的直链烷基或直链烷氧基；
    更优选地：
    所述通式V所代表化合物选自通式VA1～VA38或式VB1～VB38所代表的化合物中的一种或多种：
    Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-100032
    Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-100033
    Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-100034
    和/或，通式VI所代表的化合物选自式VIA1～VIA24或式VIB1～VIB24所代表的化合物中的一种或多种：
    Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-100035
    Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-100036
  7. 根据权利要求1～6任一所述的液晶组合物，其特征在于，还包括一种或多种通式VII所代表的化合物：
    Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-100037
    所述通式VII中，R 13、R 14各自独立地代表C 1～C 12的直链烷基或直链烷氧基；n 3为0或1；
    和/或，还包括一种或多种通式VIII所代表的化合物：
    Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-100038
    所述通式VIII中，R 15、R 16各自独立地代表C 1～C 12的直链烷基；L 4代表H或F；
    优选地：
    所述通式VII所代表的化合物为式VIIA或VIIB：
    Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-100039
    所述式VIIA或VIIB中，R 13各自独立地代表C 1～C 7的直链烷基；R 14各自独立地代表C 1～C 7的直链烷基或直链烷氧基；
    和/或，所述通式VIII所代表的化合物为式VIII A或VIII B：
    Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-100040
    所述式VIII A或VIII B中，R 15、R 16各自独立地代表C 1～C 5的直链烷基；
    更优选地：
    通式VII所代表的化合物选自式VIIA1～VIIA24或式VIIB1～VIIB24所代表的化合物中的一种或多种：
    Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-100041
    Figure PCTCN2020077017-appb-100042
  8. 根据权利要求1～7任一所述的液晶组合物，其特征在于，所述液晶组合物包含2～20wt％的通式I所代表的化合物；
    或，所述液晶组合物包含5～55wt％的通式II所代表的化合物；
    或，所述液晶组合物包含10～50wt％的通式III所代表的化合物；
    或，所述液晶组合物包含10～55wt％的通式IV所代表的化合物；
    优选地，
    所述液晶组合物包含4～15wt％的通式I所代表的化合物；
    或，所述液晶组合物包含5～15wt％的通式I所代表的化合物；
    或，所述液晶组合物包含10～50wt％的通式II所代表的化合物；
    或，所述液晶组合物包含10～30wt％的通式II所代表的化合物；
    或，所述液晶组合物包含10～25wt％的通式II所代表的化合物；
    或，所述液晶组合物包含15～40wt％的通式III所代表的化合物；
    或，所述液晶组合物包含25～40wt％的通式III所代表的化合物；
    或，所述液晶组合物包含30～38wt％的通式III所代表的化合物；
    或，所述液晶组合物包含15～50wt％的通式IV所代表的化合物；
    或，所述液晶组合物包含25～50wt％的通式IV所代表的化合物；
    或，所述液晶组合物包含30～50wt％的通式IV所代表的化合物；
    更优选地，
    所述液晶组合物包含5～12wt％的通式I所代表的化合物；
    或，所述液晶组合物包含5～10wt％的通式I所代表的化合物；
    或，所述液晶组合物包含6～12wt％的通式I所代表的化合物；
    或，所述液晶组合物包含12～46wt％的通式II所代表的化合物；
    或，所述液晶组合物包含12～30wt％的通式II所代表的化合物；
    或，所述液晶组合物包含13～23wt％的通式II所代表的化合物；
    或，所述液晶组合物包含18～35wt％的通式III所代表的化合物；
    或，所述液晶组合物包含28～35wt％的通式III所代表的化合物；
    或，所述液晶组合物包含32～35wt％的通式III所代表的化合物；
    或，所述液晶组合物包含19～47wt％的通式IV所代表的化合物；
    或，所述液晶组合物包含27～47wt％的通式IV所代表的化合物；
    或，所述液晶组合物包含19～44wt％的通式IV所代表的化合物；
    或，所述液晶组合物包含32～47wt％的通式IV所代表的化合物。
  9. 根据权利要求1～8任一所述的液晶组合物，其特征在于，所述液晶组合物中包含以下重量百分比的组分：
    (1)2～20％通式I所代表的化合物；
    (2)5～55％通式II所代表的化合物；
    (3)10～50％通式III所代表的化合物；
    (4)10～55％通式IV所代表的化合物；
    (5)0～25％通式V～VIII所代表的化合物；
    或，所述液晶组合物包含以下重量百分比的组分：
    (1)4～15％通式I所代表的化合物；
    (2)10～50％通式II所代表的化合物；
    (3)15～40％通式III所代表的化合物；
    (4)15～50％通式IV所代表的化合物；
    (5)0～20％通式V～VIII所代表的化合物；
    优选地，所述液晶组合物包含以下重量百分比的组分：
    (1)5～12％通式I所代表的化合物；
    (2)12～46％通式II所代表的化合物；
    (3)18～35％通式III所代表的化合物；
    (4)19～47％通式IV所代表的化合物；
    (5)0～16％通式V～VIII所代表的化合物；
    或，所述液晶组合物包含以下重量百分比的组分：
    (1)4～15％通式I所代表的化合物；
    (2)10～30％通式II所代表的化合物；
    (3)25～40％通式III所代表的化合物；
    (4)25～50％通式IV所代表的化合物；
    (5)0～20％通式V～VIII所代表的化合物；
    优选地，所述液晶组合物包含以下重量百分比的组分：
    (1)5～12％通式I所代表的化合物；
    (2)12～30％通式II所代表的化合物；
    (3)28～35％通式III所代表的化合物；
    (4)27～47％通式IV所代表的化合物；
    (5)0～16％通式V～VIII所代表的化合物；
    或，所述液晶组合物包含以下重量百分比的组分：
    (1)4～15％通式I所代表的化合物；
    (2)10～50％通式II所代表的化合物；
    (3)15～40％通式III所代表的化合物；
    (4)15～50％通式IV所代表的化合物；
    (5)1～20％通式V～VIII所代表的化合物；
    优选地，所述液晶组合物包含以下重量百分比的组分：
    (1)5～10％通式I所代表的化合物；
    (2)12～46％通式II所代表的化合物；
    (3)18～35％通式III所代表的化合物；
    (4)19～44％通式IV所代表的化合物；
    (5)2～16％通式V～VIII所代表的化合物；
    或，所述液晶组合物包含以下重量百分比的组分：
    (1)5～15％通式I所代表的化合物；
    (2)10～25％通式II所代表的化合物；
    (3)30～38％通式III所代表的化合物；
    (4)30～50％通式IV所代表的化合物；
    优选地，所述液晶组合物包含以下重量百分比的组分：
    (1)6～12％通式I所代表的化合物；
    (2)13～23％通式II所代表的化合物；
    (3)32～35％通式III所代表的化合物；
    (4)32～47％通式IV所代表的化合物。
  10. 权利要求1～9任一所述的液晶组合物在液晶显示装置中的应用；优选在IPS或FFS型液晶显示装置中的应用。
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