WO2021129666A1 - 一种用于喷灌机的植保系统 - Google Patents

一种用于喷灌机的植保系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021129666A1
WO2021129666A1 PCT/CN2020/138641 CN2020138641W WO2021129666A1 WO 2021129666 A1 WO2021129666 A1 WO 2021129666A1 CN 2020138641 W CN2020138641 W CN 2020138641W WO 2021129666 A1 WO2021129666 A1 WO 2021129666A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
medicine
plant protection
protection system
mobile platform
auxiliary
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/138641
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
马骏
汪奇
杨品磊
刘大智
Original Assignee
马骏
安徽艾瑞德农业装备股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
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Application filed by 马骏, 安徽艾瑞德农业装备股份有限公司 filed Critical 马骏
Publication of WO2021129666A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021129666A1/zh
Priority to US17/566,526 priority Critical patent/US11963475B2/en

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
    • A01M7/00—Special adaptations or arrangements of liquid-spraying apparatus for purposes covered by this subclass
    • A01M7/0025—Mechanical sprayers
    • A01M7/0032—Pressure sprayers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C15/00—Fertiliser distributors
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
    • A01C23/007—Metering or regulating systems
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
    • A01C23/008—Tanks, chassis or related parts
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
    • A01M7/00—Special adaptations or arrangements of liquid-spraying apparatus for purposes covered by this subclass
    • A01M7/0082—Undercarriages, frames, mountings, couplings, tanks
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
    • A01M7/00—Special adaptations or arrangements of liquid-spraying apparatus for purposes covered by this subclass
    • A01M7/0089—Regulating or controlling systems
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a plant protection system for sprinkler irrigation machines.
  • the sprinkler irrigation machine has the advantages of high irrigation efficiency and water saving, and is especially suitable for large-scale agricultural planting.
  • plant protection requirements such as pesticide application, seeding, and monitoring.
  • the purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a plant protection system for sprinkler irrigation machines.
  • the present disclosure provides a plant protection system for a sprinkler irrigation machine, the sprinkler irrigation machine comprising: at least two towers arranged at intervals in sequence, and a span between the towers;
  • the plant protection system includes: a mobile platform and a conveying component; wherein,
  • the conveying assembly is configured to move the mobile platform along the straddle;
  • the mobile platform is configured to set any one of a pesticide application unit, a seeding unit, and a monitoring unit.
  • the mobile platform is used to set any one of a pesticide application unit, a seeding unit, and a monitoring unit.
  • the pesticide application unit is used to realize the function of spraying pesticides on the crops;
  • the sowing unit is used to realize the seed sowing function of the crops;
  • the monitoring unit is used to monitor and collect the status data of the crops or the environmental status data of the crops.
  • the conveying component is used to move the mobile platform along the straddle. According to different agricultural production needs, you can choose to set any one or more of the above-mentioned pesticide application unit, seeding unit, and monitoring unit on the mobile platform to meet the needs of various planting protection in the agricultural production process.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a translational sprinkler irrigation machine
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a central pivot sprinkler irrigation machine
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a conveying assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a specific structure of the conveying assembly shown in Fig. 3;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a conveying assembly according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a plant protection system using the conveying assembly shown in Fig. 5;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an auxiliary drug application unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 8 is a partial enlarged view of Fig. 7;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a fluid replacement tank according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a medicine supply connector and a medicine tonic interface according to an embodiment of the disclosure
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a seeding unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a transport assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the position of the transport assembly of an embodiment of the present disclosure when it is applied to a central pivot sprinkler irrigation machine;
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of the position of the transport assembly of an embodiment of the present disclosure when it is applied to a translational sprinkler;
  • 15 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a material transportation trolley according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • 16 is a schematic diagram of the end fixing frame structure of an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 17 is a schematic diagram of a lifting steel cable structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure provides a plant protection system, which is applied to a sprinkler irrigation machine.
  • the sprinkler irrigation machine can be a translational sprinkler irrigation machine and a central pivot sprinkler irrigation machine.
  • Figure 1 and Figure 2 are schematic diagrams of a translational sprinkler irrigation machine and a central pivot sprinkler irrigation machine.
  • the sprinkler irrigation machine includes at least two towers 1 arranged at intervals in sequence, and a span 2 spanning between the towers 1; the tower 1 and the span 2 together form the arch structure of the sprinkler irrigation machine.
  • wheels are generally installed at the bottom end of the tower 1, and the sprinkler can travel as a whole under the drive.
  • any one of the towers 1 is used as the center point, and the position of the center point is fixed.
  • the bottom ends of the other towers 1 are generally equipped with wheels, which can drive the span 2 to rotate around the center point. .
  • the plant protection system of this embodiment includes: a mobile platform and a conveying component.
  • the mobile platform is used to set any one of the pesticide application unit, the seeding unit, and the monitoring unit.
  • the pesticide application unit is used to realize the function of spraying pesticides on crops or the application of chemical fertilizers;
  • the sowing unit is used to realize the seed sowing function of crops or the application of chemical fertilizers;
  • the monitoring unit is used to monitor the status data of the crops or the environmental status data of the crops.
  • the conveying component is used to move the mobile platform along the straddle. According to different agricultural production needs, any one of the above-mentioned pesticide application unit, seeding unit, and monitoring unit can be selected on the mobile platform.
  • the medicine application unit includes: a medicine storage box, a medicine application pump and a medicine application component arranged on a mobile platform.
  • the various components included in the mobile platform application unit provide space for bearing and installation.
  • the mobile platform is a frame structure, which is formed by rigidly connecting beams, columns and other components.
  • the medicine storage box is used to store pesticides or fertilizers.
  • the medicine storage box is connected to the application components through the application pump, and the medicine storage box, the application pump and the application components are connected by pipelines; during the application operation, the application pump works to remove the pesticides stored in the storage box Or the fertilizer is pumped and transported to the pesticide application component, and the pesticide application component sprays the delivered pesticide.
  • the medicine application component may be a nozzle, a spray head, or the like.
  • the mobile platform is connected to the straddle through a conveying assembly, and can move along the straddle under the driving of the conveying assembly, so as to implement pesticide application operations on crops in the farmland within the range to which the straddle extends.
  • the conveying assembly includes: a first supporting steel cable 101, a first driving wheel 102, a first driven wheel 103, a first moving steel cable 104, and Supporting and connecting frame 105.
  • the first supporting steel cable 101 is used to support the mobile platform 010, and it extends between at least two of the towers 1.
  • the first driving wheel 102 is arranged on any tower 1, specifically, it may be the center point of a central pivot sprinkler irrigation machine or the center car of a translational sprinkler irrigation machine; the first driving wheel 102 is connected with a reduction motor.
  • the first driven wheel 103 is arranged on another tower 1 besides the above-mentioned tower 1 on which the first driving wheel 102 is arranged, and is usually arranged on the outermost tower 1.
  • the first moving steel cable 104 is wound between the first driving wheel 102 and the first driven wheel 103, and is tensioned by the arrangement positions of the first driving wheel 102 and the first driven wheel 103; in the setting position, A moving steel cable 104 is located above the first supporting steel cable 101.
  • the output power of the geared motor drives the first driving wheel to rotate 102 to drive the first moving steel cable 104 to reciprocate between the first driving wheel 102 and the first driven wheel 103.
  • the supporting connecting frame 105 is used to connect the mobile platform 010 with the first supporting steel cable 101 and the second moving steel cable 102. Specifically, one end of the supporting connecting frame 105 extends toward the direction of the first supporting steel cable 101, and is provided with a first roller set 1051, and the first roller set 1051 can be connected to the pre-tensioned first supporting steel in a rolling manner.
  • the cable 101 is used to realize that the mobile platform 010 runs on the first supporting steel cable 101 through the rolling of the rollers in the first roller set 1051.
  • the first roller set 1051 can not only fix the first supporting wire rope 101, but also consider the approach angle and departure angle of the rollers to prevent the moving rollers from colliding with each other during contact.
  • the other end of the supporting connection frame 105 is detachably connected to the first moving steel cable 104; specifically, the connection of the supporting connection frame 105 and the first moving steel cable 104 can be realized through a detachable connection such as a rope gripper.
  • the other end of the supporting connection frame 105 is also connected to the mobile platform 010 through the bogie 1052.
  • the output power of the geared motor drives the first driving wheel 102 to rotate, and drives the first moving steel cable 104 to reciprocate between the first driving wheel 102 and the first driven wheel 103. Due to the fixed relationship between the mobile platform 010 and the first moving steel cable 104, the running first moving steel cable 104 will drive the moving platform 010 to move together. During the movement of the mobile platform 010, the first roller set 1051 of the supporting connection frame 105 rolls along the first supporting steel cable 101, and supports the mobile platform through the first supporting steel cable 101.
  • the first supporting steel cable 101 and the first moving steel cable 104 are used to support and drive the mobile platform 010, which can effectively improve the stability of the movement of the mobile platform 010 and ensure the use of the steel cable. life.
  • the pesticide application unit further includes: a first linear module and a second linear module.
  • the first linear module is used to realize the movement of the medicine application component in the vertical direction
  • the second linear module is used to realize the movement of the medicine application component in the horizontal direction.
  • the medicine storage box included in the medicine application unit, other control devices, batteries, etc. are all set on the mobile platform 010.
  • the first linear module includes: a first guide rod 201 arranged in a vertical direction, and a first moving end 202 that is slidably arranged on the first guide rod 201.
  • the first moving end 202 is fixed to the moving platform 010.
  • the first moving end 202 is a fixed point, and the first guide rod 201 can move up and down in the vertical direction.
  • the second linear module includes: a second guide rod 203 arranged in a horizontal direction, and a second moving end 204 arranged on the second guide rod 203 in a sliding fit.
  • the arrangement direction of the second guide rod 203 is perpendicular to the first guide rod 201, and can be set at any position of the first guide rod 201, such as the upper end, the lower end, etc.; when the first guide rod 201 moves in the vertical direction, it can be carried
  • the second linear module realizes vertical movement.
  • the medicine application component includes: a medicine application rod 205.
  • the application rod 205 is disposed at the second moving end 204 and can move on the second guide rod 203 with the second moving end 204.
  • a number of spray nozzles or spray holes are evenly distributed on the spray rod 205 for applying pesticides to crops.
  • the first linear module works, so that the first guide rod 201 carries the second linear module to move in the vertical direction, thereby adjusting the second moving end 204 The vertical position of the upper spray rod 205.
  • the second linear module works to make the second moving end 204 carry the applicator rod 205 and move along the horizontally arranged second guide rod 203, thereby adjusting the horizontal position of the applicator rod 205 .
  • the main function of the second linear module is to control the actual spray width of the spray rod 205 and avoid the tower 1.
  • the spraying unit of this embodiment is applied to the pointer type sprinkler irrigation machine, a fan-shaped area is formed for each operation according to its running direction. Therefore, different spraying widths are required for different running positions of the mobile platform 010.
  • the tower 1 presents a triangular structure in the running direction of the mobile platform 010, and the higher the relative position of the second linear module, the smaller the actual width that can be passed. Therefore, the second linear module can take into account the spray width and avoid the tower 1 through expansion and contraction.
  • the conveying assembly includes: a second supporting steel cable 301 extending between at least two of the towers.
  • the mobile platform 010 is connected to the second supporting steel cable 301 in a rolling manner through the second roller set 302.
  • the second supporting steel cable 301 defines the moving path of the mobile platform between the towers and functions as a track; on the other hand, it is connected to the mobile platform 010 by carrying the second roller set 302.
  • the second roller set 302 is provided with a total of four sets, and each set of the second roller set 302 corresponds to two second supporting steel cables 301. Eight rollers are arranged in each second roller group 302, and every four rollers are correspondingly arranged on a second supporting steel cable 301. It should be noted that, according to specific implementation needs, the number of the second supporting steel cable 301 and the second roller set 302, as well as the number of rollers included in each second roller set 302, can be set to any other suitable number. .
  • the medicine application unit may adopt the solution including the first linear module and the second linear module in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the working mode may refer to the foregoing embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 For the overall schematic diagram of the plant protection system of the sprinkler irrigation machine using the conveying assembly of this embodiment, refer to FIG. 6.
  • the power of the mobile platform 010 comes from the power provided by the second supporting steel cable 301.
  • the second supporting steel cable 301 provides 36V direct current through the collector wheels or carbon brushes in the second roller set 302 to collect electric energy to supply power to the mobile platform 010.
  • the second supporting steel cable 301 will take electricity from the control tower box on the tower at intervals. Install a transformer in the control tower box to convert the 110V AC or 220V AC voltage in the sprinkler irrigation unit to 36V DC for power supply.
  • the plant protection system further includes: an auxiliary pesticide application unit.
  • the auxiliary pesticide application unit is arranged on the tower at the end position.
  • the mobile platform is equipped with a spraying unit that moves along the cross-body to realize spraying, and the range of spraying is limited by the range covered by the cross-body.
  • an auxiliary spraying unit is provided at the end of the tower, and the auxiliary spraying unit works in the space on the side of the tower far from the span at the end. , Can expand the scope of application.
  • the auxiliary application unit of this embodiment includes: a cantilever 401, a supporting rail 402, a third driving wheel 403, a third driven wheel 404, an auxiliary steel cable 405, a sliding frame 406, Auxiliary medicine application rod 407 and auxiliary medicine supply tube 408.
  • FIG. 8 highlights the above three components by omitting processing and partial enlargement processing.
  • the cantilever 401 is the main structure of the auxiliary spraying unit, one end of which is fixed on the outside of the tower 1 at the end position; the cantilever 401 is integrally located on the side of the tower 1 away from the span, that is, in the space outside, along the span As a whole, the cantilever 401 can be regarded as extending the span continuously; the other end of the cantilever 401 is fixed to the aforementioned tower 1 by a suspension steel cable.
  • the supporting rail 402 is used to provide a movement path of the auxiliary applicator rod 407, and is arranged along the extension direction of the cantilever 401.
  • the supporting rail 402 is fixedly connected to the cantilever through a number of auxiliary connecting frames 409.
  • a plurality of sliding frames 406 are slidably arranged on the supporting rail 402; the plurality of sliding frames 406 are sequentially arranged on the supporting rail 402 and can slide along the supporting rail 402.
  • An auxiliary pesticide application rod 407 is provided on the sliding frame at the outermost side, that is, the end farthest from the supporting rail. A number of auxiliary spray nozzles are distributed on the auxiliary spraying rod 407.
  • An auxiliary medicine storage box 410 is also provided on the tower 1 at the end position. The auxiliary medicine storage box 410 stores pesticides or fertilizers, and is connected to the auxiliary medicine application rod 407 through the auxiliary medicine supply pipe 408. Through the auxiliary medicine supply pipe 408, the pesticide or fertilizer stored in the auxiliary medicine storage box 410 can be transported to the auxiliary application rod 407 and sprayed by the auxiliary spray nozzle on it, so as to realize the auxiliary application operation.
  • the auxiliary medicine supply tube 408 is also fixedly connected to a number of sliding frames 406 in turn; through the connection with the sliding frame 406, the auxiliary medicine supply tube 408 can extend along the supporting rail 402 without excessive falling due to its own gravity. .
  • a second driving wheel 403, a second driven wheel 404 and an auxiliary steel cable 405 are also correspondingly provided.
  • the second driving wheel 403 is connected to the auxiliary spraying motor 413 arranged on the tower 1 at the end position through the first auxiliary wheel shaft 411; the second driven wheel 404 is connected to the cantilever 401 through the second auxiliary wheel shaft 412 The other end; the auxiliary steel cable 405 is wound between the second driving wheel 403 and the second driven wheel 404, and the auxiliary steel cable 405 is fixedly connected to the sliding frame 406 located on the outermost side.
  • the auxiliary application motor 413 outputs power and drives the second driving wheel 403 to rotate through the first auxiliary wheel shaft 411, so that the auxiliary steel cable 405 can reciprocate between the second driving wheel 403 and the second driven wheel 404. Since the auxiliary steel cable 405 is fixedly connected to the outermost sliding frame 406, during the operation of the auxiliary steel cable 405, it will drive the outermost sliding frame 406 to move along the supporting rail 402. During the movement of the outermost sliding frame 406 along the supporting rail 402, the auxiliary medicine storage box 410 transports the stored pesticides or fertilizers through the auxiliary medicine supply pipe 408 to the auxiliary application rod 407, and passes on the auxiliary application rod 407. The auxiliary sprinklers spray out to realize the application of pesticides/fertilizers to the crops in the range covered by the cantilever 401.
  • the setting direction of the auxiliary application rod 407 can be set arbitrarily, for example, it can be set to be the same as the extension direction of the cantilever 401, or can be set to be perpendicular to the extension direction of the cantilever 401, and so on.
  • the position of the second driving wheel 403 on the first auxiliary wheel shaft 411 can be adjusted, and correspondingly, the position of the second driven wheel 404 on the second auxiliary wheel shaft 412 can also be adjusted.
  • the positions of the second driving wheel 403 and the second driven wheel 404 on the respective axles it can be realized to meet the height requirements of different application operations.
  • the straddle 1 may also be provided with a replenishing tank 501 through a detachable connector, such as a connecting arm, a connecting hook and the like.
  • the replenishment tank 501 is connected to the adjacent tower 1 through the medicine supply pipe 502 and further connected to an external medicine supply system.
  • the replenishment tank 501 can obtain pesticides from the medicine supply system through the medicine supply pipe 502 for storage.
  • the refill tank 501 is also connected with a drug supply connector 503; after the drug supply tube 502 transports pesticides into the refill tank 501, the pesticides stored in the refill tank 501 can be further output through the drug supply connector 503.
  • the replenishment tank 501 can be connected to the replenishment interface 504 of the medicine storage tank of the medicine application unit through the medicine supply connector 503 to realize the replenishment of the medicine storage tank of the medicine application unit.
  • a medicine supply device 505 is also provided on the fluid replacement tank 501.
  • the medicine supply device 505 can use air cylinders, hydraulic cylinders, etc.
  • the output end of the medicine supply device 505 is connected to the medicine supply joint; when the medicine supply device 505 is working, the medicine supply joint 503 can be driven to move linearly through the expansion and contraction of the output end.
  • the medicine storage box of the medicine application unit is provided with a horn-shaped tonic interface 504.
  • the shape of the medicine supply connector 503 is cone-shaped, and the medicine supply connector 503 can be mated with the tonic interface 504 in cooperation.
  • the mobile platform is moved from the delivery assembly to the position of the replenishment tank 501, and further makes the replenishment interface 504 of the medicine storage tank opposite to the position of the medicine supply connector 503.
  • the medicine supply device 505 works, and its output end is extended, which drives the medicine supply connector 503 to gradually approach the tonic interface 504 and finally connects with the tonic interface 504.
  • the medicine storage tank is connected with the fluid tank 501 through the medicine supply connector 503. .
  • the pesticide or fertilizer in the replenishing tank 501 can enter the medicine storage tank through the medicine supply connector 503 and the medicine replenishment interface 504, so as to realize the replenishment of the medicine tank with pesticides.
  • the sprinkler irrigation machine is a central pivot sprinkler irrigation machine, and the span body can rotate around the center point as the center of rotation.
  • an annular intermediate transfer medicine box 506 is provided on the center point at the position where the span body 1 is rotatably connected.
  • the intermediate transfer medicine box 506 includes an annular cavity, and the intermediate transfer medicine box is connected to the medicine supply box through a medicine supply pipe.
  • the annular surface of the intermediate transfer medicine box facing the span is connected in rotation with the other parts of the intermediate transfer medicine box.
  • the annular surface can rotate with the center of the intermediate transfer medicine box as the center of rotation; to ensure sealing, the annular surface is connected to the other parts of the intermediate transfer medicine box.
  • Self-adaptive sealing rubber can be set between the other parts of the middle dump medicine box.
  • a medicine outlet is provided on the annular surface, and the medicine outlet is connected to the refill tank 501 through a medicine supply tube.
  • the cross body continuously rotates with the center point as the center of rotation, and the medicine supply tube 502 between the refill tank 501 and the intermediate transfer medicine tank 506 drives the annular surface to rotate accordingly.
  • the seeding unit includes: a seed storage box 601, a turntable 602, and a seeding motor 603.
  • the seed storage box 601 is used to store seeds, and has a funnel shape, and a discharge port for discharging seeds is provided at the bottom end.
  • the turntable 602 is located below the seed storage box 601 and is opposite to the position of the discharge port.
  • the turntable 602 is provided with a number of guide plates 604 for limiting the direction of seed discharge.
  • the turntable 602 is also drivingly connected with the seeding motor 603.
  • the discharge port at the bottom end of the seed storage box 601 is opened, and the seeds or fertilizers stored in the seed storage box 601 are discharged from the discharge port under the action of gravity and fall onto the turntable 602.
  • the seeding motor 603 works, and the turntable 602 is driven to rotate with the center of its circle as the center of rotation.
  • the seeds falling on the turntable 602 rotate with the turntable, and under the action of centrifugal force, the seeds will fly out from the edge of the turntable to realize the seeding operation.
  • the guide plate 604 on the turntable 602 defines the direction in which the seeds fly out; wherein, the specific distribution mode of the number of the guide plate 604 can be set according to the needs of sowing.
  • controlling the rotation speed of the turntable by the seeding motor 603 can control the sowing range; when the rotation speed of the turntable 602 is faster, the centrifugal force on the seed is greater, and the flying distance is longer, otherwise, the flying distance is shorter.
  • the monitoring unit includes any one or more of an image acquisition device, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a crop growth sensor, a pest condition, and a disease condition monitoring sensor.
  • the image acquisition device can collect graphic data of crops for monitoring and analysis of crop growth, health, etc. Among them, according to different data acquisition needs, the image acquisition device can be infrared image acquisition device, spectral imaging device, etc.
  • the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor are respectively used to monitor the temperature and humidity data of the crop growth environment, and are used to monitor and analyze the crop growth environment.
  • the plant protection system further includes: a transport component, which is used to replenish the refill tank in the foregoing embodiment, and can support the mobile platform to assist in completing the replenishment process.
  • the transportation assembly includes: a transportation trolley 701, a liquid storage tank 702, a first lifting assembly 703 and a supporting rail 704.
  • the configuration and structure of the liquid supplement tank 501 can be referred to the foregoing embodiment and shown in FIG. 9.
  • the liquid supplement tank 501 of this embodiment is set at the starting position of the mobile platform to move with the sprinkler.
  • the conveying assembly in this embodiment adopts the embodiment in which the second supporting steel cable and the mobile platform are provided with a second roller set in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the replenishing tank 501 is located at the end position of the second supporting steel cable, and its function is to replenish the liquid medicine or fertilizer carried by the mobile platform when the mobile platform is insufficient.
  • the transport trolley 701 is the main part of the transport assembly, which is provided with wheels 7011, and is driven by the wheels 7011, so that the transport trolley 701 can move conveniently. Furthermore, hydraulic jacks may also be provided on the wheels 7011. Since the terrain cannot be guaranteed to be flat in most cases, hydraulic jacks are set on the wheels 7011, and the position of the wheels 7011 relative to the transport trolley 701 is adjusted by hydraulic jacks, so as to adjust the transport trolley 701 to a horizontal state to facilitate docking and rehydration. Box 501 and mobile platform.
  • a liquid storage tank 702 is provided on the transportation trolley 701.
  • the liquid storage tank 702 stores the liquid medicine/fertilizer for replenishing the liquid supplement tank 501, which is connected to the liquid supplement tank 501 through a liquid supplement pipeline; the liquid storage tank 702 of different volumes can be set according to different needs.
  • the liquid storage tank 702 of any size has functions such as exhaust gas, liquid level monitoring, anti-flocculation stirring, emptying, and flushing.
  • the transportation trolley 701 may also be provided with a liquid dispensing system.
  • the liquid mixing system is a device that mixes and dilutes the concentrated liquid according to the formula of each application/fertilization. After the configuration of the liquid medicine is completed, it enters the liquid storage tank 702, and then the liquid storage tank 702 is driven into the liquid supplement tank 501, and the liquid supplement tank 501 supplies liquid to the mobile platform.
  • the first lifting assembly 703 is used to drive the liquid supplement tank 501 to lift. Specifically, the first lifting assembly 703 can drive the liquid supplement tank 501 to rise to the vicinity of the straddle, and is fixed on the straddle by a detachable connection member, so as to perform the operation of replenishing the liquid supplement tank 501. When the liquid supplement operation is completed, the first lifting assembly 703 can drive the liquid supplement box 501 to descend and return to the transport trolley 701, and can be transferred to the next working position along with the transport trolley 701. Specifically, the first lifting component 703 can be selected according to implementation needs, such as a lifting rod, a lifting frame, and the like.
  • the supporting rail 704 is arranged on the transportation trolley 701 through the second lifting assembly 705.
  • the height of the supporting rail 704 can be adjusted by the lifting of the second lifting assembly 705.
  • the second lifting assembly 705 can choose a cross telescopic rod, a hydraulic device, and the like.
  • the supporting rail 704 can be docked with the end point of the second supporting steel cable, and the mobile platform is driven to the transport supporting rail 704 after the operation of the mobile platform is completed.
  • the second lifting component 705 can realize the lifting of the supporting rail 704 to facilitate the moving in and out of the mobile platform under different terrain conditions.
  • the supporting rail 704 may also be provided with a fixed component, and the relative position of the mobile platform and the supporting rail 704 can be locked by the fixed component to prevent the sliding of the mobile platform due to bumps during transportation. Further, a linear displacement assembly for adjusting the position of the supporting rail 704 is also provided between the second lifting assembly 705 and the transportation trolley 701. With the linear displacement component, the position of the supporting rail 704 can be adjusted in different directions, so as to facilitate the docking of the supporting rail 704 and the second supporting steel cable.
  • the mobile platform can be carried by the transport trolley 701 and moved with the transport trolley 701 to any working position.
  • the transportation trolley 701 is also provided with a fixing component for fixing the mobile platform. Through the fixed component, the mobile platform can be firmly fixed on the transport trolley 701, so that when the mobile platform moves with the transport trolley 701, the mobile platform will not move relative to the transport trolley 701, preventing damage to the mobile platform.
  • the transport trolleys are parked in different positions when working on pointer sprinklers and translational sprinklers, and their basic functions are to supply liquid/fertilizer to the mobile platform.
  • Fig. 13 when applied to the pointer type sprinkler irrigation machine, the transport trolley only needs to be parked near the center point and connected to the refill tank through the medicine supply tube.
  • FIG. 14 when applied to a translational sprinkler, it usually needs to be hung behind the center car of the translational sprinkler to move with the center car in the traveling direction.
  • the plant protection system of this embodiment may further include a material transport unit 801.
  • the material transport unit 801 can load and accommodate the items, materials, etc. required in the process of plant protection work, and move the transport components along the straddle to transport the items, materials, etc. it carries to the corresponding position.
  • the material transport unit 801 can be an open platform, a frame, or a closed structure with an inner cavity, and it can also be obtained by slightly modifying the mobile platform. Referring to FIG. 15, based on the solution of using the second supporting wire rope described in the foregoing embodiment, the material transport unit 801 is connected to the second supporting wire rope through a third roller set in rolling motion.
  • the conveying assembly further includes: an end fixing frame 303.
  • the end fixing frame 303 is fixed to the span 2 and is used to fix the end of the second supporting steel cable 301.
  • a rail groove 304 is provided on the end fixing frame 303, and the end of the second supporting steel cable 301 is fixedly connected to the rail groove 304.
  • the mobile platform When working, the mobile platform is transported to the position under the straddle 2 and the end fixed frame 303 by its own movement or by other conveying devices. After being lifted and aligned, the mobile platform can be entered through the second roller set.
  • the guide groove 304 after being carried and guided by the guide groove 304, further enters the second supporting steel cable 301, and then realizes the movement along the second supporting steel cable 301.
  • the mobile platform When the mobile platform needs to be replaced and maintained, the mobile platform can be moved along the second supporting steel cable 301 to the end fixing frame 303, and separated from the second supporting steel cable 301 through the guide groove 304.
  • the whole process is quick and easy to operate, and has high practical value.
  • the conveying assembly further includes: a lifting steel cable 305, which is arranged at the tower 1 at the end position and connected to the mobile platform 010.
  • the lifting wire rope 305 is connected with a winding and unwinding device, and the winding and unwinding action of the lifting wire 305 is realized by the winding and unwinding device, and then the moving platform 010 is driven up and down by the lifting wire 305.
  • the lifting steel cable 305 drives the mobile platform 010 to rise to the position of the end fixing frame 303, the mobile platform 010 can enter the second supporting steel cable 301 through the guide groove 304.
  • the guide groove 304 has a certain width, which makes it unnecessary to strictly control the moving platform 010 to rise and enter the second supporting steel cable 301 through the guide groove 304.
  • the entry action can be realized by aligning the position of the second supporting steel cable 301.

Abstract

一种用于喷灌机的植保系统。该用于喷灌机的植保系统中，移动平台(010)用于设置施药单元、播种单元、监测单元中的任意一种；施药单元用于实现对农作物喷洒农药的功能；播种单元用于实现农作物的种子播撒功能；监测单元用于对农作物的状态数据或农作物所处的环境状态数据进行监测收集的功能。输送组件则用于使移动平台(010)沿跨体运动。根据不同的农业生产需要，可以选择在移动平台(010)上设置上述施药单元、播种单元、监测单元中的任意一种，以满足农业生产过程中的各种植保需求。

Description

一种用于喷灌机的植保系统 技术领域
本公开涉及农用机械技术领域，特别是指一种用于喷灌机的植保系统。
背景技术
随着生产力水平的发展，农业生产集约化程度不断提高，喷灌机的应用日益广泛。喷灌机具有灌溉效率高、节约水资源等优势，尤其适用于大规模的农业种植。然而，在农业生产过程中，农作物除了最基础的灌溉需求之外，还存在其他的诸多植物保护需求，如施药、播种、监测等。
基于此，如何扩展喷灌机的功能以满足农业生产过程中的植保需求是一项亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本公开的目的在于提出一种用于喷灌机的植保系统。
基于上述目的，本公开提供了一种用于喷灌机的植保系统，所述喷灌机包括：依次间隔设置的至少两个塔架，以及跨设于所述塔架之间的跨体；
所述植保系统，包括：移动平台和输送组件；其中，
所述输送组件，被配置为使所述移动平台沿所述跨体运动；
所述移动平台，被配置为设置施药单元、播种单元、监测单元中的任意一种。
从上面所述可以看出，本公开提供的用于喷灌机的植保系统，移动平台用于设置施药单元、播种单元、监测单元中的任意一种。施药单元用于实现对农作物喷洒农药的功能；播种单元用于实现农作物的种子播撒功能；监测单元用于对农作物的状态数据或农作物所处的环境状态数据进行监测收集的功能。输送组件则用于使移动平台沿所述跨体运动。根据不同的农业生产需要，可以选择在移动平台上设置上述施药单元、播种单元、监测单元中的任 意一种或几种，以满足农业生产过程中的各种植保需求。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本公开实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本公开的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为平移式喷灌机示意图；
图2为中心支轴式喷灌机示意图；
图3为本公开一个实施例的输送组件结构示意图；
图4为图3所示输送组件的具体结构示意图；
图5为本公开另一实施例的输送组件结构示意图；
图6为应用图5所示输送组件的植保系统结构示意图；
图7为本公开一个实施例的辅助施药单元结构示意图；
图8为图7的局部放大图；
图9为本公开一个实施例的补液箱结构示意图；
图10为本公开一个实施例的供药接头和补药接口结构示意图；
图11为本公开一个实施例的播种单元结构示意图；
图12为本公开一个实施例的运输组件结构示意图；
图13为本公开一个实施例的运输组件应用于中心支轴式喷灌机时的位置示意图；
图14为本公开一个实施例的运输组件应用于平移式喷灌机时的位置示意图；
图15为本公开一个实施例的物料运输小车结构示意图；
图16为本公开一个实施例的端部固定架结构示意图；
图17为本公开一个实施例的升降钢缆结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本公开的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚明白，以下结合具体实施例，并参照附图，对本公开进一步详细说明。
需要说明的是，除非另外定义，本公开实施例使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本公开所属领域内具有一般技能的人士所理解的通常意义。本公开中使用的“第一”、“第二”以及类似的词语并不表示任何顺序、数量或者重要性，而只是用来区分不同的组成部分。“包括”或者“包含”等类似的词语意指出现该词前面的元件或者物件涵盖出现在该词后面列举的元件或者物件及其等同，而不排除其他元件或者物件。“连接”或者“相连”等类似的词语并非限定于物理的或者机械的连接，而是可以包括电性的连接，不管是直接的还是间接的。“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”等仅用于表示相对位置关系，当被描述对象的绝对位置改变后，则该相对位置关系也可能相应地改变。
本公开实施例提供了一种植保系统，该植保系统应用于喷灌机。其中，所述的喷灌机可以是平移式喷灌机和中心支轴式喷灌机。参考图1和图2，分别为平移式喷灌机和中心支轴式喷灌机的示意图。所述喷灌机，包括依次间隔设置的至少两个塔架1，以及跨设于所述塔架1之间的跨体2；塔架1和跨体2共同构成了喷灌机的拱形结构。对于平移式喷灌机，塔架1的底端一般安装有车轮，并在驱动下能够实现喷灌机整体的行走。对于中心支轴式喷灌机，任一所述的塔架1作为中心点，该中心点的位置固定，其他塔架1底端一般安装有车轮，能够带动跨体2以该中心点为圆心旋转。
本实施例的植保系统包括：移动平台和输送组件。移动平台用于设置施药单元、播种单元、监测单元中的任意一种。施药单元用于实现对农作物喷洒农药的功能或施洒化肥；播种单元用于实现农作物的种子播撒功能或施洒化肥；监测单元用于对农作物的状态数据或农作物所处的环境状态数据进行监测收集的功能。输送组件则用于使移动平台沿所述跨体运动。根据不同的农业生产需要，可以选择在移动平台上设置上述施药单元、播种单元、监测单元中的任意一种。
本实施例中，所述的施药单元，包括：设置于移动平台的储药箱、施药泵和施药组件。其中，移动平台施药单元包括的各个部件提供了承载和安装的空间。本实施例中，移动平台为一框架结构，其由梁、柱等构件刚性连结而成。本实施例中，储药箱用于存储农药或肥料。储药箱通过施药泵连接至施药组件，储药箱、施药泵和施药组件之间通过管路连接；在进行施药作业时，施药泵工作将储药箱内存储的农药或肥料泵送运输至施药组件，由施药 组件将输送来的农药喷洒出。本实施例中，施药组件可以为喷嘴、喷头等。
本实施例中，移动平台通过输送组件连接至跨体，并能够在输送组件的驱动下沿跨体的运动，以实现对跨体所延伸到的范围内的农田内的作物进行施药作业。
作为一个可选的实施例，参考图3和图4，所述的输送组件，包括：第一承托钢缆101、第一主动轮102、第一从动轮103、第一运动钢缆104和承托连接架105。其中，第一承托钢缆101用于对移动平台010起到承托的作用，其在至少两个所述塔架1之间延伸。第一主动轮102设置在任一塔架1上，具体的，可以是中心支轴式喷灌机的中心点，或者是平移式喷灌机的中心车；第一主动轮102连接有减速电机。第一从动轮103设置在除上述设置第一主动轮102的塔架1之外的另一塔架1上，通常是设置在位于最外侧的塔架1上。第一运动钢缆104绕置于第一主动轮102和第一从动轮103之间，且通过第一主动轮102和第一从动轮103的设置位置配合实现张紧；在设置位置上，第一运动钢缆104位于第一承托钢缆101的上方。减速电机输出动力驱动第一主动轮转动102，以带动第一运动钢缆104在第一主动轮102和第一从动轮103之间往复运行。
承托连接架105用于将移动平台010与第一承托钢缆101、第二运动钢缆102相连。具体的，承托连接架105的一端朝向第一承托钢缆101的方向延伸，并且设置有第一滚轮组1051，第一滚轮组1051能够滚动连接至已经预拉紧的第一承托钢缆101，以实现移动平台010通过第一滚轮组1051中的滚轮的滚动在第一承托钢缆101上运行。第一滚轮组1051不仅能够固定第一承托钢缆101，同时还考虑到滚轮的接近角和离去角，防止移动的滚轮在接触时产生硬性碰撞。承托连接架105的另一端可拆卸的接至第一运动钢缆104；具体的，可以通过抱索器等可拆卸连接件实现承托连接架105与第一运动钢缆104的连接。此外，为使移动平台在010运动过程中能够适应与第一承托钢缆101之间发生的相对位置变化，承托连接架105的另一端还通过转向架1052与移动平台010相连。
工作时，减速电机输出动力驱动第一主动轮102转动，带动第一运动钢缆104在第一主动轮102和第一从动轮103之间往复运行。由于移动平台010与第一运动钢缆104的固定关系，运行的第一运动钢缆104将带动移动 平台010一起运动。在移动平台010运动过程中，承托连接架105的第一滚轮组1051沿第一承托钢缆101滚动运行，并通过第一承托钢缆101来实现对移动平台的承托。
本实施例中，通过第一承托钢缆101和第一运动钢缆104分别实现对移动平台010的承托和驱动，能够有效的提升移动平台010运动的稳定性，并保证钢缆的使用寿命。
本实施例中，参考图4，所述的施药单元，还包括：第一直线模组和第二直线模组。第一直线模组用于实现施药组件在竖直方向上的移动，而第二直线模组用于实现施药组件在水平方向上的移动。此外，施药单元包括的储药箱以及其他的控制装置、蓄电池等均设置在移动平台010上。
具体的，第一直线模组包括：沿竖直方向设置的第一导杆201，以及滑动配合设置于第一导杆201的第一移动端202。第一移动端202固定于移动平台010，当第一直线模组工作时，第一移动端202为固定点，第一导杆201能够进行竖直方向上的上下移动。第二直线模组，包括：沿水平方向设置的第二导杆203，以及滑动配合设置于第二导杆203的第二移动端204。第二导杆203的布置方向与第一导杆201垂直，且可以设置在第一导杆201的任意位置，如上端、下端等；当第一导杆201进行竖直方向移动时，能够携带第二直线模组实现竖直方向的移动。本实施例中，施药组件包括：施药杆205。施药杆205设置于第二移动端204，能够随第二移动端204在第二导杆203上移动。施药杆205上均匀分布有若干喷头或出药孔，用于实现向作物施药。
工作时，需要对施药杆205进行位置调整时，可通过第一直线模组和第二直线模组实现。具体的，若需要调整施药杆205的竖直位置，则第一直线模组工作，使第一导杆201携带第二直线模组在竖直方向上移动，从而调整第二移动端204上的施药杆205的竖直位置。若需要调整施药杆205的水平位置，则第二直线模组工作，使第二移动端204携带施药杆205沿水平设置的第二导杆203移动，从而调整施药杆205的水平位置。
具体的，第二直线模组的主要功能是控制施药杆205的实际喷幅并规避塔架1。当本实施例的施药单元应用于指针式喷灌机喷药时，按照其运行方向每次作业形成一个扇形区域，因此在移动平台010不同的运行位置要求有不同的喷福宽度。塔架1在移动平台010运行的方向呈现三角形结构，第二直线模组的相对位置越高则可通过的实际宽度越小。因此第二直线模组通过 伸缩可以兼顾喷幅并躲避塔架1。
作为一个可选的实施例，参考图5，所述输送组件，包括：第二承托钢缆301，该承托钢缆301在至少两个所述塔架之间延伸。移动平台010通过第二滚轮组302滚动连接至第二承托钢缆301。第二承托钢缆301一方面限定出移动平台在塔架之间的移动路径并起到轨道的作用，另一方面通过对第二滚轮组302的承载实现与移动平台010连接。本实施例中，第二承托钢缆301共有四条，两两一组以跨体为中心线分布在跨体的两侧。相应的，第二滚轮组302共设置有四组，每组第二滚轮组302对应两条第二承托钢缆301。每个第二滚轮组302内，设置有八个滚轮，每四个滚轮对应设置在一条第二承托钢缆301上。需要说明的是，根据具体的实施需要，第二承托钢缆301和第二滚轮组302的数量、以及每个第二滚轮组302内包括的滚轮数量，均可以设置为其他任意合适的数量。本实施例中，施药单元可采用前述实施例中包括第一直线模组和第二直线模组的方案，具体结构可参考图5所示，工作方式可参考前述实施例。采用本实施例的输送组件的喷灌机的植保系统的整体示意图，可参考图6所示。
工作时，移动平台010的动力来源于第二承托钢缆301的提供的电力。本实施例中第二承托钢缆301为四根，可以根据实际能耗的需求选择其中的任意两根或四根作为给移动平台010的供电线路。第二承托钢缆301所提供的是36V直流电通过第二滚轮组302中的集电轮或是碳刷采集电能给移动平台010供电。考虑到电压下降的因素，第二承托钢缆301每隔一段距离都会从塔架上的控制塔盒取电。在控制塔盒内安装变压器将喷灌机组中110V AC或220V AC的电压转换为36V DC为进行供电。
作为一个可选的实施例，所述的植保系统还包括：辅助施药单元。该辅助施药单元设置在位于端部位置的塔架上。在进行施药作业时，移动平台设置施药单元沿跨体移动实现施药，施药的范围受跨体覆盖的范围限制。本实施例中，在依次间隔设置的若干塔架中，在位于端部位置的塔架处设置辅助施药单元，该辅助施药单元工作在位于端部位置塔架远离跨体一侧的空间，能够扩展施药范围。
具体的，参考图7和图8，本实施例的辅助施药单元，包括：悬臂401、 承托导轨402、第三主动轮403、第三从动轮404、辅助钢缆405、滑动架406、辅助施药杆407、辅助供药管408。其中，为更清楚的展示出第三主动轮403、第三从动轮404、辅助钢缆405，图8通过省略处理和局部放大处理，突出展示上述三个部件。
悬臂401为辅助施药单元的主体结构，其一端固定在位于端部位置的所述塔架1的外侧；悬臂401整体在塔架1远离跨体一侧、即外侧的空间内，沿跨体的延伸方向延伸，从整体上看，悬臂401可以看作将跨体继续向外进行了延伸；悬臂401的另一端通过悬吊钢缆固定至前述塔架1上。
承托导轨402，用于提供辅助施药杆407的运动路径，其沿悬臂401的延伸方向延伸布设。承托导轨402通过若干辅助连接架409固定连接至悬臂。承托导轨402上滑动设置有若干滑动架406；该若干滑动架406在承托导轨402上依次设置，且能够沿承托导轨402滑动。
位于最外侧、即最远离承托导轨一端的滑动架上设置有辅助施药杆407。辅助施药杆407上分布设置有若干辅助喷头。位于端部位置的塔架1上还设置有辅助储药箱410，该辅助储药箱410内存储有农药或化肥，其通过辅助供药管408连接至辅助施药杆407。通过辅助供药管408能够将辅助储药箱410存储的农药或化肥输送至辅助施药杆407并由其上的辅助喷头喷洒，实现辅助施药作业。其中，辅助供药管408还依次与若干滑动架406固定连接；通过与滑动架406的连接，使辅助供药管408能够沿着承托导轨402延伸，而不会因自身重力产生过度的下坠。
为实现辅助施药杆407沿承托导轨402的运动，还相应设置有第二主动轮403、第二从动轮404和辅助钢缆405。第二主动轮403通过第一辅助轮轴411连接至设置于位于端部位置的塔架1上的辅助施药电机413；第二从动轮404，通过第二辅助轮轴412连接至所述悬臂401的另一端；辅助钢缆405，绕置于第二主动轮403和第二从动轮404之间，且辅助钢缆405与位于最外侧的滑动架406固定连接。
在工作时，由辅助施药电机413输出动力，通过第一辅助轮轴411带动第二主动轮403转动，进而使得辅助钢缆405能够在第二主动轮403与第二从动轮404间往复运行。由于辅助钢缆405与最外侧的滑动架406固定连接，则在辅助钢缆405运行过程中，其会带动最外侧的滑动架406 沿承托导轨402运动。在最外侧的滑动架406沿承托导轨402运动过程中，辅助储药箱410将其存储的农药或化肥通过辅助供药管408输送至辅助施药杆407，并通过辅助施药杆407上的辅助喷头喷出，实现对悬臂401所覆盖的范围内的作物进行施药/施肥作业。
本实施例中，根据具体的施药需求，辅助施药杆407的设置方向可以任意设置，如可以设置为与悬臂401的延伸方向相同，也可以设置为与悬臂401的延伸方向垂直等。
本实施例中，第二主动轮403在第一辅助轮轴411上的位置可调节，相应的，第二从动轮404在第二辅助轮轴412上的位置也可调节。通过第二主动轮403和第二从动轮404在各自轮轴上的位置调节，以此来实现以适应不用的施药作业高度需求。
作为一个可选的实施例，参考图9和图10，所述跨体1上还可以通过可拆卸连接件设置有补液箱501，具体的如连接臂、连接钩爪等。该补液箱501通过供药管502连接至临近的塔架1并进一步连接至外部供药系统，补液箱501可以通过供药管502从供药系统获得农药进行存储。补液箱501还连接有供药接头503；供药管502将农药输送至补液箱501内后，通过供药接头503能够进一步的将补液箱501内存储的农药输出。当施药单元沿跨体移动至补液箱501处时，补液箱501可以通过供药接头503对接施药单元的储药箱的补药接口504，实现对施药单元的储药箱的补药。
本实施例中，补液箱501上还设置有供药装置505。供药装置505可以选用气缸、液压缸等，供药装置505的输出端连接供药接头；供药装置505工作时，通过输出端的伸缩可以带动供药接头503进行直线运动。本实施例中，施药单元的储药箱设置有喇叭状的补药接口504。供药接头503的形状为锥形，供药接头503能够配合的与补药接口504对接。
在进行补药作业时，移动平台由输送组件至补液箱501的位置，并进一步使得储药箱的补药接口504与供药接头503的位置相对。然后，供药装置505工作，其输出端伸出，带动供药接头503逐渐靠近补药接口504并最终与补药接口504对接，此时，储药箱即通过供药接头503与补液箱501实现连通。接着，补液箱501内的农药或化肥即能够通过供药接头503和补药接口504进入储药箱，从而实现为储药箱补充农药。
本实施例中，喷灌机为中心支轴式喷灌机，跨体能够以中心点为旋转中心旋转。相应的，参考图9，所述中心点上于跨体1转动连接的位置处设置有环形的中转储药箱506。中转储药箱506包括环形的腔体，中转储药箱通过供药管连接供药箱。中转储药箱朝向跨体的环形表面与中转储药箱的其他部分之间为转动连接，该环形表面能够以中转储药箱的圆心为旋转中心旋转；为保证密封，环形表面与中转储药箱的其他部分之间可设置自适应密封橡胶。环形表面上设置有出药口，该出药口通过供药管与补液箱501相连。
工作时，跨体以中心点为旋转中心持续旋转，补液箱501与中转储药箱506之间的供药管502则相应带动环形表面旋转。通过本实施例的上述设计，能够防止供药管502随着跨体旋转产生的管路缠绕问题。
作为一个可选的实施例，参考图11，所述的播种单元，包括：储种箱601、转盘602和播种电机603。储种箱601用于存储种子，其形状为漏斗形，在其底端设置有用于排出种子的排出口。转盘602位于储种箱601下方，且与排出口的位置相对。转盘602上设置有若干用于限定种子排出方向的导向板604。转盘602还与播种电机603驱动连接。
在工作时，储种箱601底端的排出口打开，储种箱601内存储的种子或化肥在重力作用下由排出口排出并掉落在转盘602上。相应的，播种电机603工作，驱动转盘602以其圆心为旋转中心旋转。落在转盘602上的种子随转盘一起转动，并在离心力作用下，种子会从转盘的边缘飞出，实现播种作业。转盘602上的导向板604限定了种子飞出的方向；其中，导向板604的数量的具体的分布方式可根据播种需要而设定。此外，通过播种电机603控制转盘的转速能够控制播种的范围；当转盘602的转速较快时，种子所受的离心力较大，飞出的距离较远，反之则飞出的距离较近。
作为一个可选的实施例，所述的监测单元，包括：图像采集装置，温度传感器、湿度传感器、作物生长传感器、虫情、病情监测传感器中的任意一种或几种。图像采集装置，能够采集作物的图形数据，用于对作物的长势、健康状态等进行监测分析；其中，根据不同的数据采集需要，图像采集装置 可以选择红外图像采集装置、光谱成像装置等。温度传感器和湿度传感器则分别用于监测作物生长环境的温度和湿度数据，用于对作物生长环境进行监测分析。
作为一个可选的实施例，所述的植保系统还包括：运输组件，该运输组件用于为前述实施例中的补液箱进行补药，并能够对移动平台进行成承托以辅助完成上述补药的过程。具体的，参考图12，运输组件包括：运输小车701、储液罐702、第一升降组件703和承托轨道704。
本实施例中，补液箱501的设置形式和结构可参考前述实施例以及图9所示。本实施例的补液箱501设置在移动平台工作的起点位置随喷灌机移动。本实施例中的输送组件采用前述实施例中的第二承托钢缆和移动平台设置有第二滚轮组的实施方式。则相应的，补液箱501位于第二承托钢缆的端点位置处，其作用是当移动平台所搭载的药液或肥料不足时进行补充。
运输小车701为运输组件主体部分，设置有车轮7011，并通过车轮7011的驱动，使运输小车701能够方便的运动。进一步的，车轮7011上还可以设置有液压千斤顶。由于大部分情况下在田地中地势不能保证平坦，所以通过在车轮7011上设置液压千斤顶，通过液压千斤顶来调节车轮7011相对于运输小车701的位置，从而调整运输小车701达到水平状态以方便对接补液箱501和移动平台。
运输小车701上设置有储液罐702。储液罐702中储存用于向补液箱501补充的药液/肥液，其通过补液管路连接至补液箱501；可以根据不同需求设置不同容积的储液罐702。但不论何种大小的储液罐702都具有排气、液位监测、防絮凝搅拌、排空、冲洗等功能。此外，运输小车701上还可以设置有配液系统。配液系统是根据每次施药/施肥的配方对浓缩液进行配比、稀释的装置。当药液配置完成后进入储液罐702，再由储液罐702打入补液箱501、由补液箱501为移动平台供液。
第一升降组件703用于带动补液箱501升降。具体的，第一升降组件703能够带动补液箱501上升至跨体附近，并通过可拆卸连接件固定在跨体上，进行为补液箱501补液操作。当补液操作完成后，第一升降组件703能够带动补液箱501下降并回到运输小车701上，可随运输小车701上转移到下一个工作位置。具体的，第一升降组件703可以根据实施需要而选择，如 升降杆、升降架等。
承托轨道704通过第二升降组件705设置于运输小车701。通过第二升降组件705的升降可以调节承托轨道704的高度。根据不同的实施需要，第二升降组件705可以选择交叉伸缩杆、液压装置等。承托轨道704可与第二承托钢缆的端点进行对接，移动平台作业完成后行驶至运承托轨道704上。通过第二升降组件705可实现承托轨道704的升降以在不同地形条件下方便移动平台的驶入与驶出。在承托轨道704上还可以设有固定组件，通过固定组件锁定移动平台与承托轨道704的相对位置，以防止在运输过程中由于颠簸造成移动平台的滑动。进一步的，第二升降组件705与运输小车701之间还设置有用于调节承托轨道704位置的直线位移组件。通过直线位移组件，使得承托轨道704可以在不同的方向上进行位置的调节，以方便承托轨道704与第二承托钢缆的对接。
此外，移动平台可以由运输小车701搭载，并随运输小车701移动至任意的工作位置。相应的，运输小车701上还设置有用于固定移动平台的固定组件。通过固定组件，可以将移动平台稳固的固定在运输小车701上，使得移动平台随运输小车701移动的过程中，移动平台相对于运输小车701不会发生移动，防止移动平台的损坏。
此外，运输小车在指针式喷灌机及平移式喷灌机上作业时所停放的位置不同，其基础功能都是给移动平台供液/供肥。参考图13，在应用于指针式喷灌机时，运输小车只需停泊在中心点位置附近并通过供药管与补液箱连接即可。参考图14，在应用于平移式喷灌机时通常需要挂在平移式喷灌机的中心车行进方向后方随中心车移动。
作为一个可选的实施例，参考图15，本实施例的植保系统还可以包括物料运输单元801。该物料运输单元801能够装载、容纳植保工作过程中所需的物品、物料等，通过输送组件沿跨体运动，从而将其携带的物品、物料等运输相应位置。物料运输单元801可以是开放式的平台、框架，或者是封闭式的具有内腔的结构，此外还可以是将移动平台可以稍加改造得到的。参考图15所示，基于前述实施例中所述的采用第二承托钢缆的方案，物料运输单元801通过第三滚轮组滚动连接至第二承托钢缆。第三滚轮组的数量及具体包括的滚轮的数量，均可以参考前述实施例中的第二滚轮组的设置方式，本实施例中不再赘述。在实际应用时，根据第二承托钢缆的数量 和分布的不同设置，可以在不同第二承托钢缆上设置多个物料运输单元801，该多个物料运输单元801可以同向或相向运行也可以若干个同时运行，从而实现更高的运输效率。
作为一个可选的实施例，参考图16，在图5所示实施例中，所述输送组件，还包括：端部固定架303。该端部固定架303固定于跨体2，其用于固定第二承托钢缆301的端部。具体的，端部固定架303上设置有导轨槽304，第二承托钢缆301的端部固定连接至该导轨槽304。
在工作时，移动平台通过自身的移动或由其他输送装置带动运输至跨体2下、端部固定架303对应的位置后，通过抬升、对位后，可以使移动平台通过第二滚轮组进入导轨槽304，并通过导轨槽304的承载和导向后，进一步进入第二承托钢缆301，进而实现沿第二承托钢缆301的移动。在需要对移动平台进行更换维护等处理时，可以使移动平台沿第二承托钢缆301移动至端部固定架303处，并通过导轨槽304脱离第二承托钢缆301。整个过程快捷且易于操作，具有较高的实用价值。
作为一个可选的实施例，参考图17，所述输送组件，还包括：升降钢缆305，设置于位于端部位置的塔架1处、且与移动平台010相连。升降钢缆305连接有收放卷装置，通过收放卷装置实现升降钢缆305的收放动作，进而通过升降钢缆305带动移动平台010升降。进一步的，当升降钢缆305带动移动平台010上升至端部固定架303位置时，移动平台010可以通过导轨槽304进入第二承托钢缆301。其中，由于升降钢缆305具有柔性的性质，再配合导轨槽304具有一定宽度，这使得在控制移动平台010上升并通过导轨槽304进入第二承托钢缆301时，不需要非常严格的与第二承托钢缆301的位置进行对准即可实现进入动作。
所属领域的普通技术人员应当理解：以上任何实施例的讨论仅为示例性的，并非旨在暗示本公开的范围(包括权利要求)被限于这些例子；在本公开的思路下，以上实施例或者不同实施例中的技术特征之间也可以进行组合，步骤可以以任意顺序实现，并存在如上所述的本公开的不同方面的许多其它 变化，为了简明它们没有在细节中提供。
本公开的实施例旨在涵盖落入所附权利要求的宽泛范围之内的所有这样的替换、修改和变型。因此，凡在本公开的精神和原则之内，所做的任何省略、修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本公开的保护范围之内。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种用于喷灌机的植保系统，所述喷灌机包括：依次间隔设置的至少两个塔架，以及跨设于所述塔架之间的跨体；其中，
    所述植保系统，包括：移动平台和输送组件；其中，
    所述输送组件，被配置为使所述移动平台沿所述跨体运动；
    所述移动平台，被配置为设置施药单元、播种单元、监测单元中的任意一种或几种。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的植保系统，其中，所述输送组件，包括：
    第一承托钢缆，在至少两个所述塔架之间延伸；
    第一主动轮，设置于任一所述塔架，连接有减速电机；
    第一从动轮，设置于另一任意所述塔架；
    第一运动钢缆，绕置于所述第一主动轮和所述第一从动轮之间，且与所述移动平台可拆卸连接；
    承托连接架，一端设置有第一滚轮组，并通过所述第一滚轮组滚动连接至所述第一承托钢缆；另一端通过转向架连接至所述移动平台。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的植保系统，其中，所述输送组件，包括：
    第二承托钢缆，在至少两个所述塔架之间延伸；所述第二承托钢缆能够为所述移动平台和/或所述输送组件供电；
    所述移动平台通过第二滚轮组滚动连接至所述第二承托钢缆。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的植保系统，其中，所述施药单元，包括：储药箱、施药泵和施药组件；
    所述储药箱，被配置为存储农药或化肥；
    所述施药泵，连接所述储药箱和所述施药组件，被配置为将农药或化肥泵送至所述施药组件；
    所述施药组件，被配置为喷洒农药或化肥。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的植保系统，其中，所述施药单元，还包括：
    第一直线模组，包括：沿竖直方向设置的第一导杆，以及滑动配合设置于所述第一导杆的第一移动端；所述第一移动端固定于所述移动平台；
    第二直线模组，包括：垂直于所述第一导杆设置的第二导杆，以及滑动配合设置于所述第二导杆的第二移动端；所述第二导杆固定于所述第一导杆； 所述施药组件设置于所述第二移动端。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的植保系统，其中，所述施药组件，包括：
    施药杆，连接于所述第二移动端；所述施药杆上分布有若干喷头或出药孔。
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的植保系统，其中，还包括：
    补液箱，可拆卸设置于所述跨体，并通过供药管连接供药系统；所述补液箱连接有供药接头；
    所述储药箱还设置有补药接口，所述补药接口能够与所述供药接头相对接。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的植保系统，其中，所述补液箱上还设置有供药装置；所述供药装置的输出端与所述供药接头相连，被配置为驱动所述供药接头与所述储药箱对接以将所述供药管与所述储药箱相连。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的植保系统，其中，所述补药接口的形状为喇叭状；所述供药接头的形状为锥形；所述供药接头能够配合的与所述补药接口对接。
  10. 根据权利要求7所述的植保系统，其中，所述跨体上还设置有环形的中转储药箱；
    所述中转储药箱通过所述供药管连接药系统；所述中转储药箱朝向跨体的环形表面与所述中转储药箱的其他部分之间为转动连接，且所述环形表面与中转储药箱的其他部分之间设置有自适应密封橡胶；所述环形表面上设置有出药口，所述出药口通过所述供药管与所述补液箱相连。
  11. 根据权利要求7所述的植保系统，其中，还包括：运输组件；
    所述运输组件，包括：
    运输小车，设置有车轮，被配置为能够被拖车或平移式喷灌机牵引移动或自行移动；
    储液罐，被配置为存储农药，并通过补液管路连接所述补液箱；
    第一升降组件，连接所述补液箱，被配置为带动所述补液箱升降；
    承托轨道，通过第二升降组件设置于所述运输小车，被配置为与所述输送组件配合承托固定所述移动平台。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的植保系统，其中，所述车轮上设置有用于调节所述车轮的位置的液压千斤顶。
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的植保系统，其中，所述升降组件与所述运输小车之间还设置有用于调节所述承托轨道位置及角度的直线位移组件；
    所述运输小车上还设置有用于固定所述移动平台的固定组件，该固定组件用于在所述运输小车搭载所述移动平台移动时，对所述移动平台进行固定。
  14. 根据权利要求1所述的植保系统，其中，还包括：辅助施药单元；
    所述辅助施药单元，包括：
    悬臂，一端固定于依次间隔设置的至少两个塔架中任一位于端部位置的所述塔架外侧；所述悬臂在位于端部位置的所述塔架远离所述跨体一侧的空间内沿所述跨体的延伸方向延伸；所述悬臂的另一端通过悬吊钢缆悬吊固定至位于端部位置的所述塔架；
    承托导轨，沿所述悬臂的延伸方向延伸，并与所述悬臂固定连接；
    第二主动轮，通过第一辅助轮轴连接至设置于位于端部位置的所述塔架上的辅助施药电机；
    第二从动轮，通过第二辅助轮轴连接至所述悬臂的另一端；
    辅助钢缆，绕置于所述第二主动轮和所述第二从动轮之间；
    若干滑动架，依次滑动设置于所述承托导轨；最远离所述承托导轨一端的所述滑动架与所述辅助钢缆固定连接；
    辅助施药杆，设置于最远离所述承托导轨一端的所述滑动架上，其上分布设置有若干辅助喷头；
    辅助供药管，一端连接设置于位于端部位置的所述塔架上的辅助储药箱，另一端连接所述辅助施药杆；所述辅助供药管两端之间的部分还依次与所述若干滑动架固定连接。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的植保系统，其中，所述第二主动轮在所述第一辅助轮轴上的位置可调节；所述第二从动轮在所述第二辅助轮轴上的位置可调节。
  16. 根据权利要求1所述的植保系统，其中，所述播种单元，包括：
    储种箱，被配置为存储种子或化肥；所述储种箱为漏斗形，且其底端设置有用于排出种子的排出口；
    转盘，位于所述储种箱下方，且与所述排出口的位置相对；所述转盘上设置有若干用于限定种子排出方向的导向板；
    播种电机，驱动连接至所述转盘，被配置为驱动所述转盘以其圆心为旋转中心旋转。
  17. 根据权利要求1所述的植保系统，其中，所述监测单元，包括：图像采集装置、温度传感器、湿度传感器、作物生长传感器、虫情监测传感器、作物病情监测传感器中的至少一种。
  18. 根据权利要求3所述的植保系统，其中，还包括：物料运输单元；所述物料运输单元通过第三滚轮组，滚动连接至所述第二承托钢缆。
  19. 根据权利要求3所述的植保系统，其中，所述输送组件，还包括：
    端部固定架，固定于所述跨体；所述端部固定架设置有导轨槽；
    所述第二承托钢缆的端部固定连接至所述导轨槽；
    所述移动平台能够通过所述导轨槽滚动进入或脱离所述第二承托钢缆。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的植保系统，其中，所述输送组件，还包括：
    升降钢缆，设置于位于端部位置的所述塔架处、且与所述移动平台相连；所述升降钢缆被配置为通过收放带动所述移动平台升降，并在升至所述端部固定架位置时，通过所述导轨槽进入所述第二承托钢缆。
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