WO2021129623A1 - 一种减振降噪型齿轮箱及其润滑油自循环系统 - Google Patents

一种减振降噪型齿轮箱及其润滑油自循环系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021129623A1
WO2021129623A1 PCT/CN2020/138394 CN2020138394W WO2021129623A1 WO 2021129623 A1 WO2021129623 A1 WO 2021129623A1 CN 2020138394 W CN2020138394 W CN 2020138394W WO 2021129623 A1 WO2021129623 A1 WO 2021129623A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gear
base
shaft
gear shaft
outer cover
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Application number
PCT/CN2020/138394
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
叶晖
Original Assignee
信迪有限公司
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Application filed by 信迪有限公司 filed Critical 信迪有限公司
Publication of WO2021129623A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021129623A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H57/028—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein characterised by means for reducing vibration or noise
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H57/039—Gearboxes for accommodating worm gears
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating

Definitions

  • the utility model belongs to the technical field of gear boxes, and particularly relates to a vibration and noise reduction gear box and a lubricating oil self-circulation system.
  • Gearbox is an important component widely used in mechanical transmission, especially in automobiles.
  • a common gearbox contains multiple gears that mesh with each other. When a pair of gears mesh, there will be a meshing shock during operation, resulting in a meshing frequency with the gears.
  • the gearbox changes in the external force relationship (such as starting and locking), the gears are pressed against each other and axially offset, between the tooth surfaces, between the tooth end surface and the shell, and between the shaft end and the shell.
  • the relative sliding between the bodies will also produce frictional noise (as shown in the ellipse marked part in Figure 11).
  • the traditional gearbox In order to reduce the various noises generated during the operation of the gearbox, the traditional gearbox generally installs a cooling lubricant circulating device on the reducer. , To achieve the purpose of enhancing the lubrication effect of the contact surface, thereby reducing friction.
  • a Chinese utility model patent a reducer cooling lubricating oil circulation device (application number: 201520518370.4), by respectively providing an oil inlet pipe and an oil drain pipe on the inner wall of the top end and the inner wall of the bottom end of the reducer case, and the oil drain pipes are connected in sequence
  • the oil tank, oil pump and cooling device installed on the side wall of the reducer box body realize the circulation of cooling lubricating oil, and at the same time can effectively cool and lubricate the reducer components inside the box body.
  • the cooling lubricating oil circulation device can achieve the purpose of lubrication, the circulation device is generally suitable for large gearboxes with high speed and harsh environment, and its cost is relatively high, and it cannot be applied to small gearboxes with high requirements for the use environment.
  • the existing gearboxes also increase the lubrication effect of the contact surface by adding oil holes in the shaft, such as the Chinese utility model patent, an intermediate shaft for automobile gearboxes (application number : 201821563668.7), by opening a plurality of oil inlet holes in the length direction of the shaft main body, and an oil discharge channel connected with the oil inlet holes, the oil can be more easily distributed in the length direction of the shaft main body, so as to improve the lubrication effect the goal of.
  • this technical solution can effectively reduce noise, it still has the following shortcomings:
  • the existing small gearbox achieves the purpose of enhancing the lubrication effect of the contact surface by slotting on the shell, such as the Chinese utility model patent, a gearbox structure with oil groove (application number: 201810701012.5) ,
  • a gearbox structure with oil groove application number: 201810701012.5
  • the problem of heat expansion in the gear set that affects the stability is avoided.
  • the gear transmission can maintain lubrication, the effect of vibration reduction and noise reduction is achieved, and friction resistance is reduced to slow down the gears. Wear, although this technical solution can be used under higher environmental requirements, it can only appropriately reduce the friction noise between the shaft and the housing.
  • the inventor devotes himself to designing a gear box and its lubricating oil self-circulation system to solve the above-mentioned problems.
  • the purpose of the utility model is to provide a damping and noise-reducing gearbox, which connects the base of the gearbox with the outer cover by arranging a plurality of oil passage grooves on the side wall of the gear shaft of the transmission mechanism in the gearbox to facilitate the lubricating oil in
  • the flow between the base and the shell makes the rotating parts float, and realizes the maximum improvement of the lubrication effect of the transmission contact part, thereby reducing vibration and noise.
  • Another purpose of the present invention is to provide a lubricating oil self-lubricating system for a vibration reduction and noise reduction gearbox.
  • a vibration reduction and noise reduction gearbox includes a base and an outer cover.
  • the outer cover is arranged on the base to form a cavity.
  • a motor is fixed in the cavity.
  • the transmission mechanism is connected with an output gear, the output gear part passes through the base and extends to the outside of the base, the transmission mechanism is connected to the base and the outer cover through at least one gear shaft, the gear shaft
  • An oil passage groove is recessed on the side wall, and the oil passage groove axially penetrates the gear shaft and communicates the base with the outer cover.
  • an oil storage groove is recessed on the side wall of the gear shaft, the bottom of the oil storage groove is arc-shaped, and the oil storage groove is spaced from the oil passage groove and penetrates the gear shaft axially.
  • the oil storage groove is recessed with at least two oil storage parts obliquely and symmetrically away from its open end, and the oil storage part axially penetrates the gear shaft.
  • the transmission mechanism includes a main transmission assembly, the main transmission assembly includes a worm and a turbine, and the worm is fixed on the motor and meshes with the helical teeth of the turbine.
  • the transmission mechanism further includes at least one transition gear, one end of the transition gear is connected with the worm gear, and the other end of the transition gear is connected with the output gear.
  • the worm gear and the transition gear are respectively connected to the base and the outer cover through different gear shafts, and the worm gear and the transition gear are both threaded or ring-shaped protrusions arranged on the end side and connected to the The base and the outer cover abut against an arc-shaped boss.
  • the output gear has a connecting shaft extending axially in the direction of the outer cover, a plurality of grooves are provided on the side wall of the connecting shaft and passing through and abutting against the base, and the connecting shaft is away from the output
  • An output coaxial gear connected to the transition gear is extended from the gear end, and the end surface of the output coaxial gear away from the output gear is provided with a plurality of oil storage holes and is connected with the outer cover through a rotating shaft.
  • the transmission mechanism is in clearance fit with the gear shaft, the gear shaft and the base are integrally formed, and the end of the gear shaft is assembled and fixedly connected with the outer cover.
  • a vibration reduction and noise reduction gearbox includes a base and an outer cover.
  • the outer cover is arranged on the base to form a cavity.
  • a motor is fixed in the cavity.
  • the transmission mechanism is connected with an output gear, the output gear part passes through the base and extends to the outside of the base, the transmission mechanism is connected to the base and the outer cover through at least one gear shaft, the gear shaft
  • An oil passage groove is recessed on the side wall, and the oil passage groove axially penetrates the gear shaft and communicates the base with the outer cover.
  • an oil storage groove is recessed on the side wall of the gear shaft, the bottom of the oil storage groove is arc-shaped, and the oil storage groove is spaced from the oil passage groove and penetrates the gear shaft axially.
  • the oil storage groove is recessed with at least two oil storage parts obliquely and symmetrically away from its open end, and the oil storage part axially penetrates the gear shaft.
  • the transmission mechanism includes a main transmission assembly, the main transmission assembly includes a worm and a turbine, and the worm is fixed on the motor and meshes with the helical teeth of the turbine.
  • the transmission mechanism further includes at least one transition gear, one end of the transition gear is connected with the worm gear, and the other end of the transition gear is connected with the output gear.
  • the worm gear and the transition gear are respectively connected to the base and the outer cover through different gear shafts, and the worm gear and the transition gear are both threaded or ring-shaped protrusions arranged on the end side and connected to the The base and the outer cover abut against an arc-shaped boss.
  • the output gear has a connecting shaft extending axially in the direction of the outer cover, a plurality of grooves are provided on the side wall of the connecting shaft and passing through and abutting against the base, and the connecting shaft is away from the output
  • An output coaxial gear connected to the transition gear is extended from the gear end, and the end surface of the output coaxial gear away from the output gear is provided with a plurality of oil storage holes and is connected with the outer cover through a rotating shaft.
  • the transmission mechanism is in clearance fit with the gear shaft, the gear shaft and the outer cover are integrally formed, and the end of the gear shaft is assembled and fixedly connected to the base.
  • a vibration reduction and noise reduction gearbox includes a base and an outer cover.
  • the outer cover is arranged on the base to form a cavity.
  • a motor is fixed in the cavity.
  • the transmission mechanism is connected with an output gear, the output gear part passes through the base and extends to the outside of the base, the transmission mechanism is connected to the base and the outer cover through at least one gear shaft, the gear shaft
  • An oil passage groove is recessed on the side wall, and the oil passage groove axially penetrates the gear shaft and communicates the base with the outer cover.
  • an oil storage groove is recessed on the side wall of the gear shaft, the bottom of the oil storage groove is arc-shaped, and the oil storage groove is spaced from the oil passage groove and penetrates the gear shaft axially.
  • the oil storage groove is recessed with at least two oil storage parts obliquely and symmetrically away from its open end, and the oil storage part axially penetrates the gear shaft.
  • the transmission mechanism includes a main transmission assembly, the main transmission assembly includes a worm and a turbine, and the worm is fixed on the motor and meshes with the helical teeth of the turbine.
  • the transmission mechanism further includes at least one transition gear, one end of the transition gear is connected with the worm gear, and the other end of the transition gear is connected with the output gear.
  • the worm gear and the transition gear are respectively connected to the base and the outer cover through different gear shafts, and the worm gear and the transition gear are both threaded or ring-shaped protrusions arranged on the end side and connected to the The base and the outer cover abut against an arc-shaped boss.
  • the output gear has a connecting shaft extending axially in the direction of the outer cover, a plurality of grooves are provided on the side wall of the connecting shaft and passing through and abutting against the base, and the connecting shaft is away from the output
  • An output coaxial gear connected to the transition gear is extended from the gear end, and the end surface of the output coaxial gear away from the output gear is provided with a plurality of oil storage holes and is connected with the outer cover through a rotating shaft.
  • the transmission mechanism is in clearance fit with the gear shaft, and both ends of the gear shaft are assembled and fixedly connected to the base and the outer cover respectively.
  • a vibration reduction and noise reduction gearbox includes a base and an outer cover.
  • the outer cover is arranged on the base to form a cavity.
  • a motor is fixed in the cavity.
  • the transmission mechanism is connected with an output gear, the output gear part passes through the base and extends to the outside of the base, the transmission mechanism is connected to the base and the outer cover through at least one gear shaft, the gear shaft
  • An oil passage groove is recessed on the side wall, and the oil passage groove axially penetrates the gear shaft and communicates the base with the outer cover.
  • an oil storage groove is recessed on the side wall of the gear shaft, the bottom of the oil storage groove is arc-shaped, and the oil storage groove is spaced from the oil passage groove and penetrates the gear shaft axially.
  • the oil storage groove is recessed with at least two oil storage parts obliquely and symmetrically away from its open end, and the oil storage part axially penetrates the gear shaft.
  • the transmission mechanism includes a main transmission assembly, the main transmission assembly includes a worm and a turbine, and the worm is fixed on the motor and meshes with the helical teeth of the turbine.
  • the transmission mechanism further includes at least one transition gear, one end of the transition gear is connected with the worm gear, and the other end of the transition gear is connected with the output gear.
  • the worm gear and the transition gear are respectively connected to the base and the outer cover through different gear shafts, and the worm gear and the transition gear are both threaded or ring-shaped protrusions arranged on the end side and connected to the The base and the outer cover abut against an arc-shaped boss.
  • the output gear has a connecting shaft extending axially in the direction of the outer cover, a plurality of grooves are provided on the side wall of the connecting shaft and passing through and abutting against the base, and the connecting shaft is away from the output
  • An output coaxial gear connected to the transition gear is extended from the gear end, and the end surface of the output coaxial gear away from the output gear is provided with a plurality of oil storage holes and is connected with the outer cover through a rotating shaft.
  • the transmission mechanism is in interference fit with the gear shaft, and both ends of the gear shaft are in clearance fit with the base and the outer cover, respectively.
  • a technical solution adopted by the present utility model is: a lubricating oil self-circulation system of a vibration-reducing and noise-reducing gearbox, which is realized by adopting the above-mentioned technical solution.
  • One end of the transmission mechanism is matched with the base and one end of the gear shaft to form a gap at one end of the transmission mechanism, and the other end of the transmission mechanism is matched with the housing and the other end of the gear shaft to form a gap at the other end of the transmission mechanism
  • the oil passage groove connects the gap between the two ends of the transmission mechanism, so that a channel for the reciprocating circulation of lubricating oil is formed between the base and the outer cover.
  • the utility model connects the base of the gear box with the outer cover by setting a plurality of oil passage grooves on the side wall of the gear shaft of the transmission mechanism in the gear box, so that the lubricating oil can flow between the base and the housing.
  • the lubrication effect of the transmission contact part is maximized, thereby reducing vibration and noise, and also making the rotating parts in a floating state, reducing the rigid friction of the shaft, and increasing the service life of the shaft.
  • the lubricating oil self-circulation system of the gearbox of the utility model is based on the multiple oil passage grooves on the side wall of the gear shaft and cooperates with the gap between the two ends of the transmission mechanism to form a channel for the reciprocating circulation of lubricating oil between the base and the outer cover, which not only lifts the gear
  • the lubrication effect of the box can also reduce the loss of lubricating oil, so that the noise change during the whole life process is small.
  • the rotating parts are in a floating state during the operation of the gear box to avoid rigid contact friction between the shaft and the base and the outer cover. , Increase the life of the shaft.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of the gearbox of the first embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a partial three-dimensional exploded view of the gearbox of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is an enlarged view of A in Figure 2;
  • Figure 4 is an enlarged view of B in Figure 2;
  • Figure 5 is a partial three-dimensional exploded view of the gearbox of the first embodiment of the present invention from another perspective;
  • Figure 6 is a stepped cross-sectional enlarged view and a partial enlarged view of the gear box of the first embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 7 is a stepped cross-sectional enlarged view of the gear box of the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a stepped sectional enlarged view and a partial enlarged view of the gearbox of the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a stepped sectional enlarged view and a partial enlarged view of the gear box of the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a noise spectrum diagram of the motor in the prior art and the utility model in the forward and reverse rotation;
  • Figure 11 is a noise spectrum diagram of the gearbox of the prior art when the motor is clockwise and counterclockwise;
  • Figure 12 is a noise spectrum diagram of the gearbox according to the first embodiment of the present invention when the motor is clockwise and counterclockwise;
  • Figure 13 is a noise spectrum diagram of the gearbox according to the second embodiment of the present invention when the motor is clockwise and counterclockwise;
  • Figure 14 is a noise spectrum diagram of the gearbox according to the third embodiment of the present invention when the motor is clockwise and counterclockwise;
  • Fig. 15 is a noise spectrum diagram of the gearbox according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention when the motor is clockwise and counterclockwise.
  • a vibration reduction and noise reduction gearbox including a base 1, an outer cover 2, a transmission mechanism 5, an output gear 3, a motor 4 and At least one gear shaft
  • the outer cover 2 is arranged on the base 1 to form a cavity
  • the motor 4, the transmission mechanism 5, and at least one gear shaft are housed in the cavity
  • the output gear 3 partially penetrates the base 1 and extends to the base 1.
  • the transmission mechanism 5 is connected to the base 1 and the outer cover 2 through a gear shaft.
  • One end of the transmission mechanism 5 is connected to the motor 4 for transmission, and the other end of the transmission mechanism 5 is connected to the output gear 3 for transmission.
  • the motor 4 drives the output gear through the transmission mechanism 5. 3 Rotate.
  • the three corners of the base 1 extend outwardly with a ring-shaped fixing platform for fixing the entire gearbox.
  • the bottom of the concave surface of the base 1 is provided with a ring-shaped boss for accommodating And fix the cavity of the motor 4 and the through hole for the output gear 3 to pass through.
  • the bottom of the ring-shaped boss is provided with a semi-annular protrusion to form a step.
  • the cavity is located under the ring-shaped boss for the output gear 3 to pass through.
  • the passing through hole is located next to the cavity.
  • the base 1 and at least one gear shaft are integrally formed to reduce the assembly process of the gear box.
  • the number of gear shafts in this embodiment is preferably two. Roots, namely the first gear shaft 6 and the second gear shaft 7, the first gear shaft 6 is located in the annular boss, the side wall of the first gear shaft 6 is recessed with an oil through groove 61, the oil through groove 61 axially Passing through the first gear shaft 6, at least one oil storage groove 62 is recessed on the side wall of the first gear shaft 6, and the bottom of the oil storage groove 62 is arc-shaped to facilitate the flow of lubricating oil in the oil storage groove 62.
  • the oil storage groove 62 and the oil passage groove 61 is arranged at intervals and axially penetrates the first gear shaft 6, the oil storage groove 62 is away from its open end at least obliquely symmetrically recessed with two oil storage portions 621, the oil storage portion 621 axially penetrates the first gear shaft 6, the second
  • the gear shaft 7 is located in a blind hole near the first gear shaft 6, and the second gear shaft 7 has the same structure as the first gear shaft 6, which will not be described here.
  • the transmission mechanism 5 includes a main transmission assembly 51 and at least one transition gear 52.
  • a transition gear 52 is preferred.
  • the transition gear 52 is formed by a transition extending from straight teeth and straight teeth.
  • the shaft gear 521 is integrally formed, the transition gear 52 is connected to the base 1 and the outer cover 2 through the second gear shaft 7, one end of the main transmission assembly 51 is drivingly connected to the motor 4, and the other end of the main transmission assembly 51 is connected to the output through the transition gear 52
  • the gear 3 is in transmission connection.
  • the main transmission assembly 51 includes a worm 511 and a worm gear 512.
  • the worm 511 is fixed on the output shaft of the motor 4 and meshes with the helical teeth of the worm gear 512.
  • the worm gear 512 consists of a helical tooth and a helical tooth.
  • the extended coaxial worm gear 5121 is integrally formed.
  • the coaxial worm gear 5121 meshes with the straight teeth of the transition gear 52.
  • the worm gear 512 is connected to the base 1 and the outer cover 2 through the first gear shaft 6.
  • the worm gear is the same
  • the end side of the shaft gear 5121 is provided with a threaded or ring-shaped protrusion 5122, as shown in FIG. 4.
  • the end side of the helical tooth of the turbine 512 and the end side of the transition gear 52 are both provided with protrusions. 5122 Protrusions with the same or opposite rotation direction.
  • All the thread-like or ring-shaped protrusions on the turbine 512 and the transition gear 52 are used to abut against the arc-shaped bosses of the base 1 and the outer cover 2, as shown in Figure 6. Shows to prevent the lubricating oil from being squeezed out during the rotation of each gear.
  • the output gear 3 is used to output the torque of the gear box to achieve the purpose of changing the speed of other parts.
  • the output gear 3 is formed by integrally forming the missing straight teeth, the connecting shaft 31 and the output coaxial gear 32.
  • the straight teeth with missing teeth extend through the through holes of the base 1 to the outside of the base 1 for connecting with external parts.
  • the connecting shaft 31 is formed by extending the end faces of the missing teeth, and the connecting shaft 31 extends into the through holes of the base 1.
  • a plurality of grooves 311 are provided on the side wall of the connecting shaft 31, the height of the plurality of grooves 311 is smaller than the height of the connecting shaft 31, and the plurality of grooves 311 are used to store lubricating oil and make the connecting shaft 31 rotate During the process, it is fully lubricated with the base 1 to reduce friction.
  • the output coaxial gear 32 is formed by the connecting shaft 31 extending away from the toothless straight tooth end.
  • the output coaxial gear 32 is used to mesh with the transition coaxial gear 521 of the transition gear 52
  • the end surface of the output coaxial gear 32 away from the missing straight teeth is provided with a plurality of oil storage holes 321 and is connected to the outer cover 2 through a rotating shaft.
  • the multiple oil storage holes 321 are used to store lubricating oil so that the output coaxial gear 32 can rotate During the process, the shaft on the end face and the outer cover 2 are fully lubricated.
  • the outer cover 2 is used to cover the base 1 and fix the gears and motors 4 in the cavity.
  • the concave bottom of the outer cover 2 is provided with two annular bosses 21 for connecting with the turbine 512 and the transition
  • the ends of the gear 52 are matched, and the inner hole of the boss 21 is provided with a semi-annular protrusion 211 to form a step, so that a gap is formed between the ends of the turbine 512 and the transition gear 52 and the outer cover 2 respectively.
  • the turbine 512 is in clearance fit with the first gear shaft 6, the transition gear 52 is in clearance fit with the second gear shaft 7, the first gear shaft 6, the second gear shaft 7 and the base 1 are integrally formed.
  • the ends of a gear shaft 6 and the second gear shaft 7 are in interference fit with the blind hole in the center of the boss 21 on the outer cover 2, so as to assemble and fix the ends of the first gear shaft 6 and the second gear shaft 7.
  • the turbine 512 The bosses at both ends, the bosses of the outer cover 2, the bosses of the base 1, and the bosses on the end face of the transition gear 52 are all arc-shaped so as to keep the contact surface at a minimum and minimize the friction sound during extrusion.
  • the principle of the gearbox of this embodiment is: the motor 4 drives the worm 511 to rotate, the worm 511 drives the helical teeth on the turbine 512 to rotate, and then drives the turbine coaxial gear 5121 to rotate, and the turbine coaxial gear 5121 drives the transition.
  • the straight teeth on the gear 52 rotate, thereby driving the transition coaxial gear 521 to rotate, the transition coaxial gear 521 drives the straight tooth rotation of the output coaxial gear 32, and finally drives the output gear 3 to rotate.
  • first gear shaft 6 and the second gear shaft 7 of this embodiment are both integrally formed with the outer cover 2.
  • the ends of a gear shaft 6 and a second gear shaft 7 are in interference fit with the blind hole in the center of the boss on the base 1, so as to assemble and fix the ends of the first gear shaft 6 and the second gear shaft 7.
  • the other structures and principles are the same as those in the first implementation. The example is the same, so I won't explain it here.
  • both ends of the two gear shafts are provided with clearances to store lubricating oil, during the rotation of the turbine 512 and the transition gear 52, It will automatically fine-tune the position of the turbine 512 to reduce the meshing shock, noise and vibration generated during the meshing operation of the turbine 512 and the transition gear 52 and other gears. At the same time, it enhances the lubrication effect at both ends of the gear shaft and reduces the friction noise.
  • the lubricating oil self-circulation system of the vibration reduction and noise reduction gearbox of the present invention because the two ends of the turbine 512 and the first gear shaft 6 are provided with gaps, at the same time, the base 1 and the outer cover 2
  • the mating surfaces of the turbine 512 are both stepped by providing semi-annular protrusions.
  • the annular protrusions at both ends of the turbine 512 abut against the semi-annular protrusions of the base 1 and the outer cover 2 respectively, so that the turbine 512 has two A gap is formed at the end of the first gear shaft 6 and the oil passage 61 and the oil storage groove 62 on the first gear shaft 6 connect the gap between the two ends of the turbine 512, so that a channel for the reciprocating circulation of lubricating oil is formed between the base 1 and the outer cover 2.
  • the lubricating oil in the gap at one end of the turbine 512 is squeezed into the gap at the other end of the turbine 512 through the oil through groove 61.
  • the lubricating oil in the gap at the other end of the turbine 512 returns to the gap at one end of the turbine 512 through the oil through groove 61, and reciprocates continuously.
  • the self-circulation principle of lubricating oil on the transition gear 52 is the same as the lubrication on the turbine 512.
  • the principle of oil self-circulation is the same, so it will not be explained here.
  • the lubricating oil self-circulation system of the gearbox of the present invention can be closed
  • the self-circulation in the channel not only fully lubricates each contact surface, but also takes away the heat generated by the gear operation and cools the gear in time.
  • the self-circulating lubricating oil will not be lost to the outside of the channel, and will not generate a large number of friction particles due to the friction of the contact surface.
  • the viscosity of the lubricating oil is reduced, so the viscosity of the lubricating oil of the self-circulating system of the present invention will not change with the increase of the running time of the gearbox, which effectively prolongs the use time of the lubricating oil, improves the life of the gearbox, and reduces the vibration during the life.
  • the self-circulation system at the friction contact position maximizes the lubrication effect of the contact part, reduces the loss of lubricating oil while maintaining accuracy, and minimizes noise changes during the entire life.
  • the gear box of the present invention opens an oil passage and an oil storage groove on the shaft side of the gear box to connect the base and the outer cover to realize the circulation of lubricating oil on the shaft side and its two ends, so that the gear During the operation of the box, the rotating parts are in a floating state, which enhances the lubrication effect and ensures the life of the shaft.
  • CW clockwise rotation
  • CCW reverse rotation
  • the above gearbox noise and motor noise are average values.

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Abstract

一种减振降噪型齿轮箱，齿轮箱包括底座（1）和外盖（2），外盖（2）盖设于底座（1）上形成一空腔，空腔内固定有一电机（4），电机（4）通过位于空腔内的传动机构（5）传动连接有一输出齿轮（3），输出齿轮（3）部分穿过底座（1）并延伸至底座（1）外，传动机构（5）至少通过两根齿轮轴（6、7）与底座（1）和外盖（2）连接，齿轮轴（6、7）侧壁上至少凹设有一通油槽（61），通油槽（61）轴向贯穿于齿轮轴（6、7），将底座（1）与外盖（2）连通。齿轮箱的润滑油自循环系统通过在传动机构（5）两端设置间隙，配合齿轮轴（6、7）的通油槽（61），使底座（1）与外盖（2）之间形成供润滑油往复循环流动的通道，提升润滑效果的同时，减小润滑油的流失，使整个寿命过程中的噪音变化小。还公开了一种减振降噪型齿轮箱的润滑油自循环系统。

Description

一种减振降噪型齿轮箱及其润滑油自循环系统 技术领域
本实用新型属于齿轮箱技术领域，尤其涉及一种减振降噪型齿轮箱及其润滑油自循环系统。
 背景技术
齿轮箱是机械传动中广泛应用的重要部件，尤其是汽车上，普通的齿轮箱内含有多个相互啮合的齿轮，一对齿轮啮合时，在运转过程中会产生啮合冲击而产生与齿轮啮合频率相对应的噪声和振动，当齿轮箱在外力关系负荷变化(如起动和锁死)时，齿轮相互受压出现轴向偏移，齿面之间、齿端面与外壳之间以及轴端与壳体之间由于相对滑动也会产生摩擦噪声(如图11中椭圆标记部分)，为了减低齿轮箱运转过程中产生的各种噪音，传统的齿轮箱一般通过在减速器上设置冷却润滑油循环装置，达到增强接触面润滑效果的目的，进而减小摩擦。
如中国实用新型专利，一种减速器冷却润滑油循环装置(申请号：201520518370.4)，通过分别在减速器箱体内部顶端内壁和底端内壁上分别设有进油管和排油管，排油管依次连接安装在减速器箱体外侧壁上的油箱、油泵和冷却装置，实现了冷却润滑油的循环利用，同时能有效对箱体内部减速器构件冷却润滑。虽然该冷却润滑油循环装置可达到润滑的目的，但是该循环装置一般适用于高速、环境恶劣的大型齿轮箱上，且其成本较高，无法适用于使用环境要求较高的小型齿轮箱上。
为了提高齿轮箱的使用环境，现有的齿轮箱还通过在轴内增加油孔，达到增强接触面润滑效果的目的，如中国实用新型专利，一种用于汽车变速箱的中间轴(申请号：201821563668.7)，通过在轴主体的长度方向上开设有多个进油孔，以及与进油孔连通的排油通道，使得机油能够在轴主体的长度方向上分布更加容易，从而达到提高润滑效果的目的。虽然该技术方案可有效降低噪音，但是，还存在如下缺陷：
1、在轴主体上开设进油孔和排油通道这种技术方案仅适用于大型齿轮箱的金属转轴，无法适用于小型齿轮箱，尤其是汽车空调上使用的小型齿轮箱，因其轴尺寸过小，无法在较小的轴上开设较长且适合进油的进油孔和排油通道；
2、针对内部循环润滑的齿轮箱，由于进油孔和排油通道空间有限，无法储存和循环使用润滑油，随着齿轮箱的运行时间加长，油脂被挤出摩擦面，发热量增加，磨耗加大，油脂粘度降低，齿轮箱的润滑效果减低，噪音增加，随着轴内的润滑油不断流失，最终齿轮箱失去润滑功能，缩短了齿轮箱的使用寿命；
3、由于轴在转动过程中，轴与齿轮箱外壳接触部分刚性接触会产生摩擦，在轴主体两端中心开设进油孔和排油通道，会降低轴的刚度，缩短轴的使用寿命。
为了提高齿轮箱的使用环境，现有的小型齿轮箱通过在外壳上开槽，达到增强接触面润滑效果的目的，如中国实用新型专利，一种带油槽的齿轮箱结构(申请号：201810701012.5)，通过在底盖上增设贮油槽，避免了齿轮组内发热膨胀影响稳定性的问题，既使齿轮传动之间能保持润滑，达到减振降低噪音的效果，且又降低摩擦阻力而减缓齿轮间磨损，虽然该技术方案可在较高的环境要求下使用，但只能适当降低轴与壳体之间的摩擦噪音，同时，齿轮箱运行过程中，齿轮箱的轴与底盖之间刚性接触，随着底盖内的润滑油不断流失，最终齿轮箱失去润滑功能，缩短了齿轮箱的使用寿命。
因此，发明人致力于设计一种齿轮箱及其润滑油自循环系统以解决上述问题。
 技术问题
本实用新型的目的在于：提供一种减振降噪型齿轮箱，通过在齿轮箱内传动机构的齿轮轴侧壁上设置多个通油槽将齿轮箱的底座与外盖连通，便于润滑油在底座与外壳之间流动，使转动件浮动，实现传动接触部分的润滑效果达到最大的提升，进而减小振动，降低噪音。
本实用新型的另一目的在于：提供一种减振降噪型齿轮箱的润滑油自润滑系统，通过在传动机构的两端设置间隙，配合齿轮轴的通油槽，使底座与外盖之间形成供润滑油往复循环流动的通道，提升润滑效果的同时，减小润滑油的流失，使整个寿命过程中的噪音变化小。
 技术解决方案
为了达到上述目的，本实用新型所采用的一种技术方案为：
一种减振降噪型齿轮箱，包括底座和外盖，所述外盖盖设于所述底座上形成一空腔，所述空腔内固定有一电机，所述电机通过位于所述空腔内的传动机构传动连接有一输出齿轮，所述输出齿轮部分穿过所述底座并延伸至所述底座外，所述传动机构通过至少一根齿轮轴与所述底座和外盖连接，所述齿轮轴侧壁上凹设有通油槽，所述通油槽轴向贯穿于所述齿轮轴，并且将所述底座与外盖连通。
优选的，所述齿轮轴侧壁上还凹设有储油槽，所述储油槽底部为弧形，所述储油槽与所述通油槽间隔设置并轴向贯穿于所述齿轮轴。
优选的，所述储油槽远离其开口端倾斜对称凹设有至少两个储油部，所述储油部轴向贯穿于所述齿轮轴。
进一步，所述传动机构包括主传动组件，所述主传动组件包括蜗杆和涡轮，所述蜗杆固定于所述电机上并与所述涡轮的斜齿啮合。
进一步，所述传动机构还包括至少一过渡齿轮，所述过渡齿轮一端与所述涡轮传动连接，所述过渡齿轮另一端与所述输出齿轮连接。
进一步，所述涡轮和过渡齿轮分别通过不同的所述齿轮轴与所述底座和外盖连接，所述涡轮和过渡齿轮均通过设置在端部侧面呈螺纹状或环状的凸起与所述底座和外盖上呈弧形的凸台抵接。
进一步，所述输出齿轮向所述外盖方向轴向延伸有一连接轴，所述连接轴侧壁上设有多个凹槽且穿过并抵接所述底座，所述连接轴远离所述输出齿轮端延伸有一与所述过渡齿轮传动连接的输出同轴齿轮，所述输出同轴齿轮远离所述输出齿轮的端面设有多个存油孔并通过一转轴与所述外盖连接。
优选的，所述传动机构与所述齿轮轴间隙配合，所述齿轮轴与所述底座一体成型，所述齿轮轴末端与所述外盖组装固定连接。
为了达到上述目的，本实用新型所采用的另一种技术方案为：
一种减振降噪型齿轮箱，包括底座和外盖，所述外盖盖设于所述底座上形成一空腔，所述空腔内固定有一电机，所述电机通过位于所述空腔内的传动机构传动连接有一输出齿轮，所述输出齿轮部分穿过所述底座并延伸至所述底座外，所述传动机构通过至少一根齿轮轴与所述底座和外盖连接，所述齿轮轴侧壁上凹设有通油槽，所述通油槽轴向贯穿于所述齿轮轴，并且将所述底座与外盖连通。
优选的，所述齿轮轴侧壁上还凹设有储油槽，所述储油槽底部为弧形，所述储油槽与所述通油槽间隔设置并轴向贯穿于所述齿轮轴。
优选的，所述储油槽远离其开口端倾斜对称凹设有至少两个储油部，所述储油部轴向贯穿于所述齿轮轴。
进一步，所述传动机构包括主传动组件，所述主传动组件包括蜗杆和涡轮，所述蜗杆固定于所述电机上并与所述涡轮的斜齿啮合。
进一步，所述传动机构还包括至少一过渡齿轮，所述过渡齿轮一端与所述涡轮传动连接，所述过渡齿轮另一端与所述输出齿轮连接。
进一步，所述涡轮和过渡齿轮分别通过不同的所述齿轮轴与所述底座和外盖连接，所述涡轮和过渡齿轮均通过设置在端部侧面呈螺纹状或环状的凸起与所述底座和外盖上呈弧形的凸台抵接。
进一步，所述输出齿轮向所述外盖方向轴向延伸有一连接轴，所述连接轴侧壁上设有多个凹槽且穿过并抵接所述底座，所述连接轴远离所述输出齿轮端延伸有一与所述过渡齿轮传动连接的输出同轴齿轮，所述输出同轴齿轮远离所述输出齿轮的端面设有多个存油孔并通过一转轴与所述外盖连接。
优选的，所述传动机构与所述齿轮轴间隙配合，所述齿轮轴与所述外盖一体成型，所述齿轮轴末端与所述底座组装固定连接。
为了达到上述目的，本实用新型所采用的又一种技术方案为：
一种减振降噪型齿轮箱，包括底座和外盖，所述外盖盖设于所述底座上形成一空腔，所述空腔内固定有一电机，所述电机通过位于所述空腔内的传动机构传动连接有一输出齿轮，所述输出齿轮部分穿过所述底座并延伸至所述底座外，所述传动机构通过至少一根齿轮轴与所述底座和外盖连接，所述齿轮轴侧壁上凹设有通油槽，所述通油槽轴向贯穿于所述齿轮轴，并且将所述底座与外盖连通。
优选的，所述齿轮轴侧壁上还凹设有储油槽，所述储油槽底部为弧形，所述储油槽与所述通油槽间隔设置并轴向贯穿于所述齿轮轴。
优选的，所述储油槽远离其开口端倾斜对称凹设有至少两个储油部，所述储油部轴向贯穿于所述齿轮轴。
进一步，所述传动机构包括主传动组件，所述主传动组件包括蜗杆和涡轮，所述蜗杆固定于所述电机上并与所述涡轮的斜齿啮合。
进一步，所述传动机构还包括至少一过渡齿轮，所述过渡齿轮一端与所述涡轮传动连接，所述过渡齿轮另一端与所述输出齿轮连接。
进一步，所述涡轮和过渡齿轮分别通过不同的所述齿轮轴与所述底座和外盖连接，所述涡轮和过渡齿轮均通过设置在端部侧面呈螺纹状或环状的凸起与所述底座和外盖上呈弧形的凸台抵接。
进一步，所述输出齿轮向所述外盖方向轴向延伸有一连接轴，所述连接轴侧壁上设有多个凹槽且穿过并抵接所述底座，所述连接轴远离所述输出齿轮端延伸有一与所述过渡齿轮传动连接的输出同轴齿轮，所述输出同轴齿轮远离所述输出齿轮的端面设有多个存油孔并通过一转轴与所述外盖连接。
优选的，所述传动机构与所述齿轮轴间隙配合，所述齿轮轴两端分别与所述底座和外盖组装固定连接。
为了达到上述目的，本实用新型所采用再一种技术方案为：
一种减振降噪型齿轮箱，包括底座和外盖，所述外盖盖设于所述底座上形成一空腔，所述空腔内固定有一电机，所述电机通过位于所述空腔内的传动机构传动连接有一输出齿轮，所述输出齿轮部分穿过所述底座并延伸至所述底座外，所述传动机构通过至少一根齿轮轴与所述底座和外盖连接，所述齿轮轴侧壁上凹设有通油槽，所述通油槽轴向贯穿于所述齿轮轴，并且将所述底座与外盖连通。
优选的，所述齿轮轴侧壁上还凹设有储油槽，所述储油槽底部为弧形，所述储油槽与所述通油槽间隔设置并轴向贯穿于所述齿轮轴。
优选的，所述储油槽远离其开口端倾斜对称凹设有至少两个储油部，所述储油部轴向贯穿于所述齿轮轴。
进一步，所述传动机构包括主传动组件，所述主传动组件包括蜗杆和涡轮，所述蜗杆固定于所述电机上并与所述涡轮的斜齿啮合。
进一步，所述传动机构还包括至少一过渡齿轮，所述过渡齿轮一端与所述涡轮传动连接，所述过渡齿轮另一端与所述输出齿轮连接。
进一步，所述涡轮和过渡齿轮分别通过不同的所述齿轮轴与所述底座和外盖连接，所述涡轮和过渡齿轮均通过设置在端部侧面呈螺纹状或环状的凸起与所述底座和外盖上呈弧形的凸台抵接。
进一步，所述输出齿轮向所述外盖方向轴向延伸有一连接轴，所述连接轴侧壁上设有多个凹槽且穿过并抵接所述底座，所述连接轴远离所述输出齿轮端延伸有一与所述过渡齿轮传动连接的输出同轴齿轮，所述输出同轴齿轮远离所述输出齿轮的端面设有多个存油孔并通过一转轴与所述外盖连接。
优选的，所述传动机构与所述齿轮轴过盈配合，所述齿轮轴两端分别与所述底座和外盖间隙配合。
为了达到上述另一目的，本实用新型所采用的一种技术方案为：一种减振降噪型齿轮箱的润滑油自循环系统，所述减振降噪型齿轮箱采用上述技术方案实现，所述传动机构一端与所述底座和齿轮轴一端配合，使所述传动机构一端形成间隙，所述传动机构另一端与所述外壳和齿轮轴另一端配合，使所述传动机构另一端形成间隙，所述通油槽将所述传动机构两端的间隙连通，使所述底座与外盖之间形成供润滑油往复循环流动的通道。
 有益效果
与现有技术相比，本实用新型通过在齿轮箱内传动机构的齿轮轴侧壁上设置多个通油槽将齿轮箱的底座与外盖连通，使润滑油在底座与外壳之间流动，不仅实现传动接触部分的润滑效果达到最大的提升，进而减小振动，降低噪音,还使转动件处于浮动状态，降低轴的刚性摩擦，增加轴的使用寿命。
本实用新型齿轮箱的润滑油自循环系统，基于齿轮轴侧壁的多个通油槽，配合传动机构两端的间隙，使底座与外盖之间形成供润滑油往复循环流动的通道，不仅提升齿轮箱的润滑果，还能减小润滑油的流失，使整个寿命过程中的噪音变化小，同时，齿轮箱运行过程中，转动件处于浮动状态，避免轴与底座和外盖之间刚性接触摩擦，增加轴的使用寿命。
 附图说明
图1是本实用新型第一实施例齿轮箱的立体图；
图2是本实用新型第一实施例齿轮箱的部分立体分解图；
图3是图2中A处放大视图；
图4是图2中B处放大视图；
图5是本实用新型第一实施例齿轮箱另一视角的部分立体分解图；
图6是本实用新型第一实施例齿轮箱的阶梯剖视放大图及其局部放大图；
图7是本实用新型第二实施例齿轮箱的阶梯剖视放大图；
图8是本实用新型第三实施例齿轮箱的阶梯剖视放大图及其局部放大图；
图9是本实用新型第四实施例齿轮箱的阶梯剖视放大图及其局部放大图；
图10是现有技术和本实用新型电机正反转的噪音频谱图；
图11是电机正反转时，现有技术的齿轮箱噪音频谱图；
图12是电机正反转时，本实用新型第一实施例齿轮箱噪音频谱图；
图13是电机正反转时，本实用新型第二实施例齿轮箱噪音频谱图；
图14是电机正反转时，本实用新型第三实施例齿轮箱噪音频谱图；
图15是电机正反转时，本实用新型第四实施例齿轮箱噪音频谱图。
图示说明：
1、底座，2、外盖，21、凸台，211、凸出部，3、输出齿轮，31、连接轴，311、凹槽，32、输出同轴齿轮，321、存油孔，4、电机，5、传动机构，51、主传动组件，511、蜗杆，512、涡轮，5121、涡轮同轴齿轮，5122、凸起，52、过渡齿轮，521、过渡同轴齿轮，6、第一齿轮轴，61、通油槽，62、储油槽，621、储油部，7、第二齿轮轴。
 本发明的最佳实施方式
下面结合附图，具体阐明本实用新型的实施方式，附图仅供参考和说明使用，不构成对本实用新型专利保护范围的限制。
实施例1
参照图1至图6，是本实用新型第一实施例，一种减振降噪型齿轮箱，包括一底座1、一外盖2、一传动机构5、一输出齿轮3、一电机4和至少一根齿轮轴，外盖2盖设于底座1上形成一空腔，电机4、传动机构5、至少一根齿轮轴收容于该空腔内，输出齿轮3部分穿过底座1并延伸至底座1外，传动机构5通过齿轮轴与底座1和外盖2连接，传动机构5一端与电机4传动连接，该传动机构5另一端与输出齿轮3传动连接，电机4通过传动机构5带动输出齿轮3转动。
参照图2、图3和图6，所述底座1三个转角处向外延伸有用于将整个齿轮箱固定的环形固定台，该底座1的凹面底部设有环形状的凸台、用于收容并固定电机4的凹腔和供输出齿轮3穿过的通孔，环形的凸台底部设有半环形的凸出部，形成台阶，凹腔位于环形状凸台的下方，供输出齿轮3穿过的通孔位于凹腔旁边，本实施例中，底座1和至少一根齿轮轴一体成型，以便减少齿轮箱的组装工序，鉴于本实施例传动机构5结构，本实施例齿轮轴数量优选两根，即第一齿轮轴6和第二齿轮轴7，第一齿轮轴6位于环形的凸台内，第一齿轮轴6侧壁上至少凹设有一通油槽61，所述通油槽61轴向贯穿于第一齿轮轴6，第一齿轮轴6侧壁上至少还凹设有一储油槽62，该储油槽62底部为弧形，便于储油槽62内的润滑油流动，储油槽62与通油槽61间隔设置并轴向贯穿于第一齿轮轴6，储油槽62远离其开口端至少倾斜对称凹设有两个储油部621，储油部621轴向贯穿于第一齿轮轴6，第二齿轮轴7位于第一齿轮轴6附近的盲孔内，第二齿轮轴7与第一齿轮轴6结构相同，在此不再阐述。
参照图2、图4和图5，所述传动机构5包括主传动组件51和至少一过渡齿轮52，本实施例优选一个过渡齿轮52，过渡齿轮52由一直齿和直齿上延伸的过渡同轴齿轮521一体成型而成，过渡齿轮52通过第二齿轮轴7与底座1和外盖2连接，主传动组件51一端与电机4传动连接，该主传动组件51另一端通过过渡齿轮52与输出齿轮3传动连接，该主传动组件51包括蜗杆511和涡轮512，蜗杆511固定于电机4的输出轴上并与涡轮512的斜齿啮合，本实施例中涡轮512由一斜齿和斜齿上延伸的涡轮同轴齿轮5121一体成型而成，涡轮同轴齿轮5121与过渡齿轮52的直齿啮合，涡轮512通过第一齿轮轴6与底座1和外盖2连接，本实施例中，涡轮同轴齿轮5121端部侧面设置有呈螺纹状或环状的凸起5122，如图4所示，同时，涡轮512的斜齿端部侧面和过渡齿轮52的两端部侧面均设有与凸起5122相同或旋向相反的凸起，涡轮512和过渡齿轮52上所有的螺纹状或环状的凸起均用于与底座1和外盖2的弧形的凸台抵接，如图6所示，防止各个齿轮转动过程中，润滑油被挤出。
参照图2和图5，所述输出齿轮3用于将齿轮箱的扭矩输出，达到改变其他零件转速的目的，输出齿轮3由缺齿直齿、连接轴31和输出同轴齿轮32一体成型而成，缺齿直齿穿过底座1的通孔伸至底座1外，用于与外部零件连接，连接轴31由缺齿直齿端面延伸而成，连接轴31伸入底座1的通孔内并抵接底座1，连接轴31侧壁上设有多个凹槽311，多个凹槽311的高度小于连接轴31的高度，多个凹槽311用于存储润滑油，使连接轴31转动过程中与底座1充分润滑，减小摩擦，输出同轴齿轮32由连接轴31远离缺齿直齿端延伸而成，该输出同轴齿轮32用于与过渡齿轮52的过渡同轴齿轮521啮合，输出同轴齿轮32远离缺齿直齿的端面设有多个存油孔321并通过一转轴与外盖2连接，多个存油孔321用于储存润滑油，以便输出同轴齿轮32转动过程中，其端面上的转轴与外盖2之间充分润滑。
参照图5，所述外盖2用于盖住底座1并固定空腔内的各个齿轮和电机4，外盖2的凹面底部设有两个环形的凸台21，用于与涡轮512和过渡齿轮52的端部配合，凸台21的内孔上设有半环形的凸出部211，形成台阶，以便涡轮512和过渡齿轮52端部分别与外盖2之间形成间隙。
参照图6，本实施例中，涡轮512与第一齿轮轴6间隙配合，过渡齿轮52与第二齿轮轴7间隙配合，第一齿轮轴6、第二齿轮轴7与底座1一体成型，第一齿轮轴6和第二齿轮轴7末端与外盖2上凸台21中心的盲孔过盈配合，以便组装固定第一齿轮轴6和第二齿轮轴7末端，本实施例中，涡轮512两端的凸台、外盖2的凸台、底座1的凸台以及过渡齿轮52端面的凸台均呈弧形，以便保持最少的接触面同时让挤压时的摩擦声音降至最小。
参照图2和图6，本实施例齿轮箱的原理为：电机4带动蜗杆511旋转，蜗杆511带动涡轮512上的斜齿转动，进而带动涡轮同轴齿轮5121转动，涡轮同轴齿轮5121带动过渡齿轮52上的直齿转动，进而带动过渡同轴齿轮521转动，过渡同轴齿轮521带动输出同轴齿轮32的直齿转动，最终带动输出齿轮3转动。
参照图2和图6，本实施例的齿轮箱运行过程中，由于第一齿轮轴6和第二齿轮轴7固定于外壳1上，因此，涡轮512和过渡齿轮52旋转过程中，第一齿轮轴6和第二齿轮轴7不会随之转动，涡轮512和过渡齿轮52构成本实施例的转动件，当两个齿轮轴上的通油槽和储油槽内充满润滑油时，涡轮512和过渡齿轮52均处于轻微浮动状态，有效降低涡轮512和过渡齿轮52相互啮合以及与其他齿轮啮合运转过程中产生的啮合冲击、噪声和振动，同时，增强涡轮512和过渡齿轮52与齿轮轴之间的润滑效果，降低摩擦噪音，涡轮512和过渡齿轮52相对对应的齿轮轴转动过程中，由于两个齿轮轴不会转动，涡轮512和过渡齿轮52使对应齿轮轴外间隙内的润滑油产生离心作用，齿轮轴外的润滑油进入储油部内储存起来，电机4的正反转，直接影响同一齿轮轴上两个储油部的储油量，当齿轮箱在外力关系下负荷变化时，齿轮相互挤压出现轴向偏移，由于齿轮端面与外盖2和底座1之间的间隙内储有润滑油，致使齿轮端面部分与外壳和底座摩擦的声音异变减小。
 本发明的实施方式
实施例2
参照图7，是本实用新型的第二实施例，本实施例与第一实施例的区别在于：本实施例的第一齿轮轴6和第二齿轮轴7均与外盖2一体成型，第一齿轮轴6和第二齿轮轴7末端与底座1上凸台中心的盲孔过盈配合，以便组装固定第一齿轮轴6和第二齿轮轴7末端，其他结构和原理均与第一实施例相同，在此不再阐述。
实施例3
参照图8，是本实用新型的第三实施例，本实施例与第一实施例的区别在于：本实施例第一齿轮轴6和第二齿轮轴7两端分别与底座1和外盖2组装固定连接，以便组装固定第一齿轮轴6和第二齿轮轴7两端，其他结构和原理均与第一实施例相同，在此不再阐述。
实施例4
参照图9，是本实用新型的第四实施例，本实施例与第一实施例的区别在于：本实施例涡轮512与第一齿轮轴6过盈配合，过渡齿轮52与第二齿轮轴7过盈配合，防止涡轮512和过渡齿轮52转动过程中相对对应的齿轮轴转动，涡轮512、第一齿轮轴6、过渡齿轮52和第二齿轮轴7共同构成本实施例的转动件，第一齿轮轴6和第二齿轮轴7两端分别与底座1和外盖2间隙配合，由于两个齿轮轴两端均设有间隙，可以储存润滑油，故涡轮512和过渡齿轮52转动过程中，会自动微调涡轮512的位置，降低涡轮512和过渡齿轮52相互啮合以及与其他齿轮啮合运转过程中产生的啮合冲击、噪声和振动，同时，增强齿轮轴两端的润滑效果，降低摩擦噪音，当两个齿轮轴上的通油槽和储油槽内充满润滑油时，由于第一齿轮轴6随着涡轮512转动，第二齿轮轴7随着过渡齿轮52转动，两根齿轮轴内各自储油槽内的润滑油随之转动，使储油槽内润滑油在离心力的作用下聚集于储油部内储存起来，电机4的正反转，直接影响同一齿轮轴上两个储油部的储油量，其他结构和原理均与第一实施例相同，在此不在阐述。
参照图1至图9，本实用新型减振降噪型齿轮箱的润滑油自循环系统，由于涡轮512的两端与第一齿轮轴6两端设有间隙，同时，底座1和外盖2与涡轮512的配合面上均通过设置半环状的凸出部形成台阶，涡轮512两端的环形凸出部分别抵接底座1和外盖2的半环状的凸出部，使涡轮512两端形成间隙，第一齿轮轴6上的通油槽61和储油槽62将涡轮512两端的间隙连通，使底座1与外盖2之间形成供润滑油往复循环流动的通道，当涡轮512在外力关系下负荷变化时，涡轮512与其他齿轮相互挤压，出现轴向偏移，将涡轮512一端间隙内的润滑油通过通油槽61挤至涡轮512另一端的间隙内，当涡轮512向另一方向轴向偏移时，涡轮512另一端间隙内的润滑油通过通油槽61回到涡轮512一端的间隙内，如此不断往复循环，过渡齿轮52上的润滑油自循环原理与涡轮512上的润滑油自循环原理相同，在此不再阐述。
由于齿轮箱中润滑油的粘性直接影响齿轮遭受各种破坏的保护能力，同时影响摩擦面的润滑效果和吸热冷却效果，本实用新型齿轮箱的润滑油自循环系统，润滑油可在封闭的通道内自循环，不仅充分润滑各个接触面，而且及时带走齿轮运行产生的热量并冷却齿轮，该自循环润滑油不会流失至通道外，也不会因接触面摩擦而产生大量摩粒，使润滑油粘性降低，故本实用新型自循环系统的润滑油粘性不会随着齿轮箱运行时间增加而改变粘性，有效延长润滑油使用时间，提高齿轮箱寿命，减小寿命过程中的振动并降低噪音，摩擦接触位置上的自循环系统，使接触部分的润滑效果得到最大的提升，保持精度的同时减小润滑油的流失，使整个寿命过程中的噪音变化极少。
 工业实用性
对比现有的齿轮箱结构，本实用新型的齿轮箱通过在齿轮箱的轴侧开设通油槽和储油槽，将底座与外盖连通，实现润滑油在轴侧及其两端循环流通，使齿轮箱运转过程中，转动件处于浮动状态，增强润滑效果的同时，保证轴的寿命。
以下采用相同的电机，对现有的齿轮箱和本实用新型四个实施例的齿轮箱进行噪音测试，其中，电机正反转的噪音频谱图如图10所示，现有的齿轮箱的噪音频谱图如图11所示，本实用新型四个实施例的齿轮箱噪音频谱如图12-15所示，其测试结果如以下表1所示：
表1
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上述测试中，CW即顺时针旋转，CCW即反方向旋转，以上齿轮箱噪音和马达噪音均为平均值。
以上测试结果表明：本实用新型的齿轮箱噪音比现有齿轮箱噪音小4dBA～8dBA，同时，本实用新型齿轮箱噪音更接近电机噪音，相对于现有齿轮箱，本实用新型的齿轮箱噪音消除效果更好，可有效的运用润滑剂作为缓冲元素，降低各个运行部件之间振动而产生的噪音，同时，存储润滑剂，最大程度的减少运动部件之间的润滑流失并最大程度的降低润滑剂的缓冲效果。
以上所揭露的仅为本实用新型的较佳实施例，不能以此来限定本实用新型的权利保护范围，因此依本实用新型申请专利范围所作的等同变化，仍属本实用新型所涵盖的范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种减振降噪型齿轮箱，包括底座和外盖，所述外盖盖设于所述底座上形成一空腔，其特征在于，所述空腔内固定有一电机，所述电机通过位于所述空腔内的传动机构传动连接有一输出齿轮，所述输出齿轮部分穿过所述底座并延伸至所述底座外，所述传动机构通过至少一根齿轮轴与所述底座和外盖连接，所述齿轮轴侧壁上凹设有通油槽，所述通油槽轴向贯穿于所述齿轮轴，并且将所述底座与外盖连通。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的减振降噪型齿轮箱，其特征在于，所述齿轮轴侧壁上还凹设有储油槽，所述储油槽底部为弧形，所述储油槽与所述通油槽间隔设置并轴向贯穿于所述齿轮轴。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的减振降噪型齿轮箱，其特征在于，所述储油槽远离其开口端倾斜对称凹设有至少两个储油部，所述储油部轴向贯穿于所述齿轮轴。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的减振降噪型齿轮箱，其特征在于，所述传动机构包括主传动组件，所述主传动组件包括蜗杆和涡轮，所述蜗杆固定于所述电机上并与所述涡轮的斜齿啮合。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的减振降噪型齿轮箱，其特征在于，所述传动机构还包括至少一过渡齿轮，所述过渡齿轮一端与所述涡轮传动连接，所述过渡齿轮另一端与所述输出齿轮连接。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的减振降噪型齿轮箱，其特征在于，所述涡轮和过渡齿轮分别通过不同的所述齿轮轴与所述底座和外盖连接，所述涡轮和过渡齿轮均通过设置在端部侧面呈螺纹状或环状的凸起与所述底座和外盖上呈弧形的凸台抵接。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的减振降噪型齿轮箱，其特征在于，所述输出齿轮向所述外盖方向轴向延伸有一连接轴，所述连接轴侧壁上设有多个凹槽且穿过并抵接所述底座，所述连接轴远离所述输出齿轮端延伸有一与所述过渡齿轮传动连接的输出同轴齿轮，所述输出同轴齿轮远离所述输出齿轮的端面设有多个存油孔并通过一转轴与所述外盖连接。
  8. .根据权利要求1所述的减振降噪型齿轮箱，其特征在于，所述传动机构与所述齿轮轴间隙配合，所述齿轮轴与所述底座一体成型，所述齿轮轴末端与所述外盖组装固定连接；
    或所述齿轮轴与所述外盖一体成型，所述齿轮轴末端与所述底座组装固定连接；
    或所述齿轮轴两端分别与所述底座和外盖组装固定连接。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的减振降噪型齿轮箱，其特征在于，所述传动机构与所述齿轮轴过盈配合，所述齿轮轴两端分别与所述底座和外盖间隙配合。
  10. 基于权利要求1-9任一项所述的减振降噪型齿轮箱的润滑油自循环系统，其特征在于，所述传动机构一端与所述底座和齿轮轴一端配合，使所述传动机构一端形成间隙，所述传动机构另一端与所述外壳和齿轮轴另一端配合，使所述传动机构另一端形成间隙，所述通油槽将所述传动机构两端的间隙连通，使所述底座与外盖之间形成供润滑油往复循环流动的通道。
PCT/CN2020/138394 2019-12-23 2020-12-22 一种减振降噪型齿轮箱及其润滑油自循环系统 WO2021129623A1 (zh)

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CN211693472U (zh) * 2019-12-23 2020-10-16 信迪有限公司 一种减振降噪型齿轮箱及其润滑油自循环系统

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