WO2021129423A1 - 轴承检测方法、检测系统、燃气轮机启动方法、启动系统 - Google Patents
轴承检测方法、检测系统、燃气轮机启动方法、启动系统 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021129423A1 WO2021129423A1 PCT/CN2020/135890 CN2020135890W WO2021129423A1 WO 2021129423 A1 WO2021129423 A1 WO 2021129423A1 CN 2020135890 W CN2020135890 W CN 2020135890W WO 2021129423 A1 WO2021129423 A1 WO 2021129423A1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C17/00—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C17/02—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement for radial load only
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C17/00—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C17/12—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement characterised by features not related to the direction of the load
- F16C17/24—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement characterised by features not related to the direction of the load with devices affected by abnormal or undesired positions, e.g. for preventing overheating, for safety
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/04—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
- F16C32/0406—Magnetic bearings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/04—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
- F16C32/0406—Magnetic bearings
- F16C32/044—Active magnetic bearings
- F16C32/0442—Active magnetic bearings with devices affected by abnormal, undesired or non-standard conditions such as shock-load, power outage, start-up or touchdown
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
- F16C33/10—Construction relative to lubrication
- F16C33/1005—Construction relative to lubrication with gas, e.g. air, as lubricant
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
- G01M13/04—Bearings
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- G01M99/004—Testing the effects of speed or acceleration
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- G01M99/007—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass by applying a load, e.g. for resistance or wear testing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2233/00—Monitoring condition, e.g. temperature, load, vibration
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2300/00—Application independent of particular apparatuses
- F16C2300/10—Application independent of particular apparatuses related to size
- F16C2300/12—Small applications, e.g. miniature bearings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2300/00—Application independent of particular apparatuses
- F16C2300/10—Application independent of particular apparatuses related to size
- F16C2300/14—Large applications, e.g. bearings having an inner diameter exceeding 500 mm
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2360/00—Engines or pumps
- F16C2360/23—Gas turbine engines
Definitions
- the invention relates to the related field of bearing technology, in particular to a bearing detection method, a detection system, a gas turbine starting method, and a starting system.
- Air bearing is a kind of bearing that uses air elastic cushion to play a supporting role. Compared with other types of bearings, air bearings have the following advantages: the viscosity of air is small, resulting in low friction loss and small heat distortion; simple operation, low cost, high reliability, simple maintenance, and avoids lubrication, supply and filtration The energy consumption of the system. Therefore, air bearings are very suitable for applications in ultra-precision and ultra-high-speed rotating shafts, such as in micro gas turbines. The normal operation of the air bearing to form a pressurized air film to support the gas turbine rotor is a prerequisite for the successful start of the gas turbine.
- the purpose of the present invention is to provide a bearing detection method, a detection system, a gas turbine starting method, and a starting system.
- a bearing detection method which is used to detect the failure of an air bearing or a hybrid bearing composed of an air bearing and a magnetic suspension bearing that supports the rotor when the rotor is started.
- the method includes:
- the rotor Start the rotor to rotate in a first direction at a first speed, where the first direction is the direction in which the rotor rotates during normal operation, and the first speed is the calibration value;
- the first torque is an output torque when the rotor rotates in a first direction at a first speed
- the bearing is further tested, wherein the further testing method includes:
- Control the rotor to change direction so that it rotates in a second direction at a second speed, where the second direction is a direction opposite to the first direction, and the second speed is a calibrated value;
- the commutation time is the length of time from the moment the rotor commutates to the moment the rotor reaches the second rotation speed in the second direction
- the bearing is further tested, wherein the further testing method includes:
- Control the rotor to change direction so that it rotates in a second direction at a second speed, where the second direction is a direction opposite to the first direction, and the second speed is a calibrated value;
- the second torque and the torque threshold are judged, where the torque thresholds are both calibrated values. If the second torque is greater than or equal to the torque threshold, it is determined that the bearing is faulty.
- the bearing is further tested, wherein the further testing method includes:
- Control the rotor to change direction so that it rotates in a second direction at a second speed, where the second direction is a direction opposite to the first direction, and the second speed is a calibrated value;
- the commutation time is the length of time from the moment when the rotor is commutation to the moment when the rotor reaches the second rotation speed in the second direction
- the second torque is the time when the rotor rotates at the second rotation speed in the second direction.
- the commutation time threshold and the torque threshold are both calibrated values. If the commutation time is less than the commutation time threshold, and the second torque is less than the torque threshold, it is determined The bearing is not faulty, otherwise it is determined that the bearing is faulty.
- the method of controlling the commutation of the rotor so that it rotates in the second direction at the second speed includes: firstly reducing the speed of the rotor to zero, and then controlling the reverse rotation of the rotor to raise the speed to the second speed,
- the method for obtaining the first torque and the second torque includes: when the rotor is a motor rotor, determining the rotor output torque t 1 based on the feedback voltage and current values:
- P machine is the mechanical power output by the rotor
- P electricity is the electrical power of the motor
- ⁇ is the angular velocity
- the phase current I phase and the line current I line are equal.
- the method for obtaining the first torque and the second torque includes: when the rotor is a motor rotor, determining the rotor output torque t 1 based on the feedback voltage and current values:
- P machine is the mechanical power output by the rotor
- P electricity is the electrical power of the motor
- ⁇ is the angular velocity
- the phase current I phase and the line current I line are equal
- ⁇ is the efficiency of the motor's electrical energy into mechanical energy, which is an estimated value.
- a bearing detection system which is used to detect the failure of an air bearing or a hybrid bearing composed of an air bearing and a magnetic suspension bearing that supports the rotor when the rotor is started.
- the detection system uses the above-mentioned bearing
- the detection method detects the bearing failure when the rotor is started.
- a gas turbine startup method uses a hybrid bearing composed of an air bearing or an air bearing and a magnetic suspension bearing.
- the method includes: when the gas turbine is started, the above-mentioned bearing detection method is used Check whether the bearing is faulty. If the bearing is not faulty, enter the gas turbine speed-up phase, otherwise report a fault and shut down the gas turbine.
- a gas turbine starting system uses a hybrid bearing composed of an air bearing or an air bearing and a magnetic suspension bearing.
- the starting system uses the above-mentioned bearing detection method Check whether the bearing is faulty. If the bearing is not faulty, enter the gas turbine speed-up phase, otherwise report a fault and shut down the gas turbine.
- the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
- the detection method and detection system of the present invention can ensure the good operation of the air bearing or the hybrid bearing during the start-up phase of the rotor system using the air bearing or the hybrid bearing composed of the air bearing and the magnetic suspension bearing, and prevent the unknown air bearing or mixing Accelerating the rotor system rashly when the bearing is faulty may result in excessive friction between the rotor and the bearing and the rotor cannot accelerate, and even cause serious consequences of damage to the rotor or damage to other parts of the system.
- the gas turbine startup method and startup system of the present invention can ensure the stable startup of the gas turbine, and can effectively prevent the excessive friction between the gas turbine rotor and the bearing from causing damage to the rotor or other components of the gas turbine.
- the gas turbine startup method of the present invention The start-up system is simple and reliable, and can be detected based on the existing hardware, without the need to add an additional detection mechanism.
- Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a support scheme for a rotor bearing of a gas turbine generator set in an embodiment of the invention.
- Fig. 2 is a flow chart of bearing detection in an embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a charging system in an embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a charging system using multiple charging guns in an embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy source in an embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 6 is a general flowchart of a charging method in an embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 7 is a start-up flowchart of a gas turbine in an embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 8 is a flow chart of shutting down the gas turbine in the embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 9 is a flow chart of power allocation in an embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 10 is a flowchart of a method for determining the output power of an energy source in an embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 11 is a flowchart of a method for determining a contribution coefficient in an embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 12 is a flowchart of a multi-mode charging method in an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a flowchart of power supply for the energy storage module in the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a bearing support solution for a rotor of a gas turbine generator set provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
- the reference signs are: 1, No. 1 air bearing; 2, No. 2 air bearing; 3. Rotor; 4. Turbine; 5. Compressor; 6. Motor.
- the support mode in the figure is only for illustration, in fact, there can be multiple support schemes.
- a No. 3 bearing may be provided between the compressor 5 and the turbine 4.
- the bearing support solution of the rotor does not limit the bearing detection during the startup phase of the gas turbine in the present invention.
- the bearing is a non-contact bearing, which can be an air bearing or a hybrid bearing composed of an air bearing and a magnetic suspension bearing.
- the gas turbine in the present invention is only an example of a rotor system including an air bearing or a hybrid bearing composed of an air bearing and a magnetic suspension bearing.
- the micro gas turbine generator set with a smaller rated power is preferred as the rotor system in the embodiments of this application, in fact, the bearing detection method, detection system, gas turbine detection method, and start-up system proposed in this application are also applicable to Powerful small, medium, and large gas turbine generator sets and other rotor systems that include air bearings or hybrid bearings composed of air bearings and magnetic levitation.
- FIG. 2 is a bearing detection process 202 for gas turbine startup according to an embodiment of the present invention, including:
- the ECU i controls the opening of the air pump and the air valve to provide an air source for the air bearing, which will enter from the air inlet of the air bearing.
- the ECU i (Electronic Control Unit) electronic control unit is mainly used to control the pump body, valve body, ignition controller and other actuators in the oil and gas circuit, combined with the feedback information of each sensor, and cooperate with the controller DPC i (Digital Power Controller) to achieve
- DPC i Digital Power Controller
- the DPC i works and drags the rotor of the synchronous motor coaxially connected with the gas turbine to rotate in the first direction at the first speed.
- the first direction can be defined as the direction in which the impeller of the gas turbine turbine rotates during normal operation.
- the value range of the first rotation speed is not specifically limited, and the calibration value during the calibration experiment shall prevail. For example, for a gas turbine with a rated rotation speed of tens to hundreds of thousands of revolutions, the rotation speed of the first rotation speed may be several hundred to ten thousand revolutions per minute (r/m).
- the first torque is the output torque (also referred to as torque) when the rotor of the synchronous motor rotates at the first speed in the first direction.
- DPC i determines the first torque t 1 based on the feedback voltage and current values.
- the rotor output torque t 1 P machine / ⁇ .
- P is the mechanical power output by the rotor
- ⁇ is the angular velocity.
- the output mechanical power of the rotor can be approximated by the electrical power of the motor.
- P machine ⁇ P electricity 3U phase ⁇ I phase or The phase current I phase and the line current I line are equal.
- the execution starts from S221 of the process 201 (because the voltage of the DC bus has been established at this time), the process 201 is detailed in the following gas turbine startup embodiment.
- the air bearing can form a pressurized air film with the gas turbine rotor to support the rotor.
- the rotor is in a "floating" state and there is no mechanical contact with the air bearing.
- the first torque at this time is less than the torque threshold.
- the size of the torque threshold is also not specifically limited, and the calibration value during the calibration experiment shall prevail. Different types of gas turbines, or when the same type of gas turbines are running at different first speeds, the calibrated torque threshold may be different.
- the first torque is greater than or equal to the torque threshold, it cannot be immediately determined that the air bearing is faulty. It is necessary to determine the commutation time further, and further determine whether the air bearing is faulty based on the commutation time.
- the first torque is greater than or equal to the torque threshold, it is not immediately determined that the air bearing is faulty.
- the second torque needs to be determined further, and the second torque is used to further determine whether the air bearing is faulty.
- the first torque is greater than or equal to the torque threshold, it cannot be immediately determined that the air bearing is faulty. It is necessary to determine the commutation time and the second torque. Determine whether the air bearing is faulty.
- the commutation time is defined as the time from the moment when the rotor is controlled to commutation to the moment when the rotor reaches the second rotation speed in the second direction.
- the second torque is defined as the output torque when the rotor of the synchronous motor rotates at the second speed in the second direction.
- the second direction is defined as the direction opposite to the first direction.
- the magnitude of the second rotational speed may be the same as or different from the magnitude of the first rotational speed.
- the DPC i first drags the rotor until the speed drops to zero, and then controls the rotor to reversely rotate and increase the speed to the second speed.
- DPC i can change the rotor rotation by controlling the phase sequence of the three-phase energization of the synchronous motor.
- the method of determining the second torque is the same as the method of determining the first torque.
- only the commutation time is used to further determine whether the air bearing is faulty.
- the second torque is further used to determine whether the air bearing is faulty. If the commutation time is less than the commutation time Threshold value, and the second torque is less than the torque threshold value, it is determined that the bearing performance is good.
- only the second torque is used to further determine whether the air bearing is faulty.
- the commutation time is further used to determine whether the air bearing is faulty. If the commutation time is less than the commutation time threshold , And the second torque is less than the torque threshold, it is determined that the bearing performance is good.
- the commutation time and the second torque are used to determine whether the air bearing is faulty. If the commutation time is less than the commutation time threshold and the second torque is less than the torque threshold, it is determined that the bearing performance is good.
- HCU determines whether to shut down the gas turbine immediately. If it is determined to shut down the gas turbine, the gas turbine shut down process 300 may be executed.
- HUC gas turbine shut down process
- only the commutation time is used to further determine whether the air bearing is faulty, and if the commutation time is greater than or equal to the commutation time threshold, it is determined that the air bearing is faulty.
- only the second torque is used to further determine whether the air bearing is faulty, and if the second torque is greater than or equal to the torque threshold, it is determined that the air bearing is faulty.
- the commutation time and the second torque are used to determine whether the air bearing is faulty. If the commutation time is greater than or equal to the commutation time threshold, or the second torque is greater than or equal to the torque threshold, it is determined that the bearing performance is good. .
- the above-mentioned bearing detection method provided by this embodiment ensures the good operation of the air bearing during the startup phase of the gas turbine, and prevents the gas turbine from speeding up rashly when the failure of the air bearing is unknown, which may cause excessive friction between the rotor and the control bearing
- the detection method is simple and reliable, and can be detected based on the existing hardware, without the need to add an additional detection mechanism.
- an embodiment of the present invention also provides a charging system.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the charging system provided by the present invention.
- the entire charging system CS (Charging System) contains N (N ⁇ 1) parallel energy sources S i, the charging control unit CHRG (Charging Control Unit), hybrid control unit HCU (Hybrid Control Unit), the bus busbar, charging gun.
- the charging gun is connected to the energy source S i through the bus bar, and the HCU is connected to each energy source S i through the communication bus.
- the charging control unit CHRG directly participates in the charging control communication of the charged vehicle.
- the software and hardware function requirements of the charging control unit CHRG follow the national standard for charging electric vehicles by off-board chargers (GB T 27930-2015), including physical connection completion, low-voltage auxiliary power-on, charging handshake, charging parameter configuration, charging stage and charging End the waiting process.
- the charging control unit CHRG records various parameters of the charged vehicle during the charging process, such as power demand and power battery SOC value, and dynamically uploads them to the HCU.
- Energy Management System EMS i Energy Management System
- EMS i Electronicgy Management System
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the charging system provided by the present invention.
- the charging system CS may be provided with multiple charging guns.
- the figure shows an example of setting two charging guns.
- the bus assignment unit comprises the same number of switches S i energy source, a switch for selecting the output power of the energy source S i to a bus busbar 1 and 2.
- the HCU likewise acquires each be charged load power demand from each CHRG in, the HCU or internal energy source S i Energy Management System EMS i information based to be charged load power demand and the various energy sources S i state, determining an output power of the respective power sources S i.
- FIG. 5 is an example embodiment of the present invention provides a structural view of the energy source S i.
- N parallel source of energy in S i, S i for each energy source comprises a power generation block T i, B i and a storage module an energy management system EMS i.
- the energy storage module B i (including a battery management system BMS i), further comprising a fuel supply system, a sensor, an electronic control unit ECU (Electronic Control Unit) , DPC i (Digital Power Controller), DC/DC controller, EMS i (not shown one by one).
- ECU Electronic Control Unit
- DPC i Digital Power Controller
- DC/DC controller EMS i (not shown one by one).
- the electric energy generation module T i is used to generate electric energy and is composed of a prime mover and a generator.
- the prime mover refers to a thermal engine that converts fuel energy into mechanical energy and outputs mechanical energy through a rotating shaft. The mechanical energy generated by the motive is converted into electrical output.
- the generator can also be operated as a motor during the start-up phase of the prime mover, dragging the prime mover to rotate.
- the prime mover can be a diesel generator, a gasoline generator, a gas turbine, etc.
- microturbine referred to as micro-gas turbine, micro gas turbine, or MT (Microturbine)
- the power generation module case T i microturbine generator microturbine and the generator is the configuration.
- micro gas turbine generator sets Compared with traditional internal combustion engine generator sets (such as diesel generator sets), micro gas turbine generator sets have the advantages of small size, light weight, low vibration, low noise, faster start-up, fewer moving parts, long service life, simple maintenance, environmentally friendly, Advantages such as wide fuel adaptability.
- micro gas turbine generator sets are expected to have a wide range of applications in the field of electric vehicle charging.
- the single unit capacity of a micro gas turbine is generally within 300kW. However, there is no unified international definition for the single-unit capacity range of micro gas turbines (generator sets). Some researchers believe that the power is less than 500kW as micro gas turbines (generator sets). However, these do not constitute limitations on this application. It should be noted that although this embodiment preferably uses a miniature gas turbine generator set with a smaller rated power as the power generation module, in fact, the method proposed in this application is also applicable to small, medium, and large gas turbine generator sets with larger power. system. Therefore, this application does not specifically limit the single-unit capacity of a gas turbine (generator set). When referred to in this application, "gas turbine” or “gas turbine” is generally referred to.
- gas turbine as the prime mover, is the party that provides energy, and the energy loss from the gas turbine to the generator is negligible. Therefore, in this application, "gas turbine output/rated power/single unit "Capacity" is the same as “output power/rated power/single unit capacity of gas turbine generator set”. Likewise, in this application, the "prime mover output power / rated power / unit capacity” is the same as the “power module T i output power / rated power / unit capacity occurs.”
- T i start control module is controlled by one of the electric power generating content charging system CS. Since T i start controlling electrical energy generating module is dragged by the generator T i T i is the prime mover rotation from standstill to startup speed running, therefore, in the present application, the term "power to start generating module T i", “T i start module prime mover electric power generating”, “prime mover start” and the like indicate the same meaning.
- T i as a generator motor operation, electric power required may be provided by an energy storage module B i.
- the start-up phase in addition to consuming electrical energy to drive the prime mover to the start-up speed, other variables such as temperature, fuel volume, and air volume need to be precisely controlled.
- the activation module T i is both energy-consuming and complex process of energy occurs.
- the start and stop reasonably reduce the number of electric power generating module T i, can improve system efficiency and reduce system losses, reducing the burden on the control system.
- Energy storage module B i B i action of the energy storage module includes the plurality of: providing starting power to the prime mover of the power generating modules T i; external output power to a load; T i power module generates electrical energy storage occurs.
- the energy storage module B i can be any form of rechargeable electrical energy storage device, such as a battery, a super capacitor, and the like.
- the energy management system EMS i S i to complete a single energy source based on the output power of the internal power distribution management, determining the occurrence of the charge-discharge power of power storage module stops with the module B i T i, the efficient use of energy.
- ECU i the control oil passage pump, valve, actuator and ignition controller, in conjunction with feedback information of each sensor, with the DPC i, T i closed-loop control module output power occurs.
- DC / DC i1 stable bus voltage by controlling the energy storage module is charged and discharged B i, T i smooth start and stop of the electric power generating modules.
- DC/DC i2 Based on the instruction of EMS i , discharge the external load to be charged.
- the source may be an internal EMS HCU by S i by the energy source or energy S i is connected to the i-coordinated to achieve load distribution of the power demand:
- the HCU obtains the power information of the charged load in real time (including the power demand of the load and/or the SOC value of the load power battery, etc.) and the status of each energy source S i provided by the EMS i information (including T i operating status of the module information and the state of charge of the energy storage module B i electric power generating current information), the source and the state information S i based on the load power and energy information, determines the output power of the respective power source of S i;
- each of the energy management system EMS i load power demand and the status information of the energy source S i is determined according to the respective energy power source output S i S i of each energy source P Si.
- the HCU connected to the energy source S i can also be used for: status summary report-real-time summary of the status information of all energy sources S i and the status information of the charged load, and report to the vehicle terminal and/or upper server ; Receive information from the vehicle-mounted terminal and/or the upper server (such as dispatching instructions, location information of the load to be charged, etc.).
- each energy source S i includes an energy storage module B i .
- This setting allows the charging system CS to fine-tune the output power to accurately track the load demand, thereby saving charging time and improving charging efficiency , It is more suitable for emergency charging occasions where fast charging is desired.
- the charging system CS can be mounted on a mobile vehicle as an (emergency) charging vehicle, which can receive the user's electricity request at any time and travel to a predetermined service location to provide electricity service for the electric load (such as an electric vehicle).
- Embodiments of the invention further provides another energy source S i structure.
- each energy source S i includes an electric energy generation module T i and an energy management system EMS i , the energy source S i does not include an energy storage module B i , and the corresponding energy source S i does not include DC /DC i1 , at this time, multiple energy sources S i in the entire charging system CS share an external energy storage module B and the corresponding DC/DC 1 (not shown in the figure), the main energy storage module B at this time
- the function is to provide starting electric energy for the electric energy generating module T i of the multiple energy sources S i , so when the load demand power is allocated, the output of the energy storage module B does not need to be considered.
- HCU S i since the energy storage module B without output power to the load, connected to an energy source so HCU S i may not assume the function S i between the energy source of the power distribution, but the interior of each energy source S i EMS i coordinated with each other.
- the source may be an internal EMS HCU by S i by the energy source or energy S i is connected to the i-coordinated to achieve load distribution of the power demand:
- the HCU obtains the power information of the charged load in real time (including the power demand of the load and/or the SOC value of the load power battery, etc.) and the electric energy in each energy source S i provided by the EMS i T i operating module state information, and the operation state information module T i load power and electric power generating information in accordance with each determined output power of the energy source of S i;
- multiple energy sources S i share one energy storage module B.
- the realization of power distribution is also simpler to reduce the complexity of the control system. Since the energy storage module B does not output electric energy to the load, the charging system CS generally cannot accurately track the load power demand at this time, but supplies power to the load at a power value lower than the load power demand, so it is more suitable for applications where cost saving or charging is required. Occasions where time is not strictly required.
- the charging system CS can connect more than a dozen energy sources S i in parallel to serve as power supplies for parking lots or charging stations to provide charging services for electric vehicles.
- the HCU performs the load power distribution uniformly, and the EMS inside the energy source only needs to control the two power sources of the internal energy storage module and the energy generation module according to the power command issued by the HCU, which can reduce the complexity of the system.
- the number of energy sources can be increased or decreased according to specific applications with only a small amount of modification to the HCU control software; at the same time, the internal EMS of the energy source can be coordinated with each other according to the load power demand provided by the HCU. Carry out load power distribution.
- each energy management system EMS i can be set as a master energy management system EMS i
- other energy management systems EMS i can be set as a slave energy management system EMS i by the master energy management system EMS i
- the master energy management system EMS i is mainly responsible for coordinating operations, which can also reduce the complexity of the system and make the system easy to expand. For example, the number of energy sources can be increased or decreased according to specific applications, and only a few modifications to the EMS control software are required. And if not distinguished for each of the primary energy management system EMS i, from the relationship, during the expansion of the energy source S i, each corresponding modification of the energy management system EMS i will be more complex, and more extended energy source S i , The system will become more complex.
- Embodiments of the invention further provides a method of charging, the present charging method for outputting power to a load by an energy source S i, by reasonable control electric power generating modules energy source S i T i and the energy storage module to increase the charge B i effectiveness.
- the charging system shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 of the present invention includes multiple energy sources, the charging method is also applicable to the case of a single energy source.
- FIG. 6, is an overall flowchart of the charging method of this embodiment.
- each energy source S i comprises a power generation block T i (preferably a gas turbine generator sets, i.e. gas turbine + generator, may be any other form of power plant generating electrical energy) and a reservoir
- the energy module B i preferably a battery, can be any other form of rechargeable electrical energy storage device).
- the overall charging process 100 mainly includes:
- the charging control unit CHRG communicates with the load to be charged, confirms that an external load to be charged is connected, and obtains load demand related information sent by the load to be charged.
- the load demand related information includes the power demand P load and the SOC value of the power battery of the load to be charged.
- S120 determining information based on load demand output power of at least one energy source S i S i for each energy source of P Si.
- the charging system CS comprises only one energy source S i, i.e., determining the output load P load power demand for the energy source S i P Si.
- the HCU complete power distribution of tasks between the amount of the source S i, in particular based on real-time power requirements of the load, according to various different energy sources S i output capability , the output power of each task assigned to the energy source S i to meet the real-time power requirement of the load, i.e., the output power of the energy source to determine the respective S i of P Si, load demand power allocation method detailed process 400, process 500, process 600.
- HCU determines an output power of each energy source S i P Si
- P Si will be sent to the output power energy management unit EMS i S i of the respective energy source.
- EMS i determines the charging current I Si based on the output power P Si.
- I Si P Si /V load
- V load is related to the load to be charged. For example, when the load to be charged is a power battery on an electric vehicle, V load is a function of the SOC of the power battery, and has a one-to-one correspondence with the SOC.
- the subsequent DC/DC controller will control the DC/DC i2 to output electric energy according to the charging current I Si.
- each energy source S i of the charging system CS includes two power sources: an energy storage module B i and an electric energy generation module T i .
- the energy management unit EMS internal energy source S i i received HCU allocated output power P Si, and further performs the power distribution inside the energy source based on the output power P Si, so that the two power sources of the internal control, two The different operating states of the two power sources are combined into multiple operating modes of the energy source P Si.
- EMS i whether on or off the power generating modules T i based on the SOC value to determine the size of the output power P Si and B i of the energy storage module.
- the electric energy occurs when the prime mover is a gas turbine module T i, start flow into the gas turbine 201; an energy source when it is determined based on the output S i and the SOC of power storage module P Si B i operating mode L2 switching from mode to mode L1, T i Close power generation module, when the prime mover power generating modules T i is the gas turbine, flow off into the gas turbine 300; based on the output when the power P Si and the SOC of the energy storage module B i determined when the mode
- V Si DC/DC i2
- V load 400V
- V Si 415V
- the difference between V Si and V load is too large. For example, if the former is 600V and the latter is 400V, V Si will be pulled down to the same size as V load , so that the load cannot be charged.
- the size of V Si can be calibrated through test experiments to select an appropriate value.
- S160 The system judges that the charging is complete and stops outputting electric energy to the outside.
- the judgment condition may be that the user requests to stop the charging service (for example, the user clicks "charging end" on the app interface of the mobile phone) or detects that the SOC of the power battery of the load to be charged is greater than a certain expected value (for example, 90%).
- the system is determined after completion of the service charge and closed for charging the energy storage modules B i since the energy source within the system is in power shortage state S i, T i required power generation module or its complement electrically through an external
- the power supply (such as the power grid) supplements electricity, and the relevant description is shown in process 800.
- the charging method of this embodiment can realize reasonable control of the start-generation-stop process of the electric energy generation module and the energy storage module to efficiently charge the load to be charged connected to the charging system.
- the prime mover of the power generation module is a micro gas turbine
- the larger truck is flexible and less restricted by traffic roads, making it easier to provide charging services for vehicles lacking electricity anytime and anywhere.
- charging piles based on micro gas turbines do not rely on the grid, which saves construction costs and is more flexible in installation.
- the pressure also relieves the traffic pressure.
- Embodiments of the invention further provides another method for charging, the charging method in the present embodiment, each energy source S i comprises a power generation block T i, a plurality of the energy source S i a shared storage module B.
- the module T i start and stop electric power generating process similar to the above embodiment of the charging method. The difference is that when multiple energy sources S i of the charging system CS share an energy storage module B, the energy storage module B does not participate in outputting electric energy to the load, and is only responsible for the energy source S i of the charging system CS. T i power generation module providing a starting power, thus charging process without considering the power storage module B.
- the charging method of the embodiment can realize reasonable control of the start-generation-stop process of the electric energy generation module to efficiently charge the load to be charged connected to the charging system, and at the same time avoid frequent starting of the electric energy generation module, so as to save energy and improve The service life of the power generation module.
- the bearing detection method of the present application is used to detect bearing faults.
- the voltage of the DC bus has not yet been established, that is, the voltage of the DC bus has not reached the set value U DC , and the DC bus voltage needs to be established at this time.
- the energy source comprises energy storage module S i internal B i.
- the energy storage module B i starts and outputs electric energy to the outside, and the DC/DC controller controls DC/DC i1 to boost the DC power output by the energy storage module B i , and stabilize the voltage value of the DC bus at the DC bus reference voltage U DC .
- the size of U DC can be set, and when its value is larger, it is beneficial to reduce the output loss, but correspondingly, the withstand voltage level of each component of the entire charging system CS should be designed to be correspondingly higher.
- the system when it is decided to turn on the gas turbine, the system is already in a standby state.
- the energy storage module B i and DC/DC i1 responsible for providing starting electric energy are already working, and the voltage of the DC bus is increased to the set value U DC (such as 780V, 800V, can be calibrated).
- U DC such as 780V, 800V, can be calibrated
- DPC i obtains the “start” instruction of ECU i , and DPC i works in the inverter mode to invert the direct current of the DC bus into alternating current.
- the AC power supplies AC power to the motor coaxially arranged with the gas turbine.
- the motor works in electric mode. When the motor rotates, it drives the gas turbine to run, and the speed gradually rises to the ignition speed.
- ECU i controls the air pump to increase the air pressure, the fuel pump and the corresponding valve body are opened, and the fuel is delivered. After the preparation work is completed, ECU i controls the ignition controller to ignite, and the fuel starts to burn in the gas turbine. Burning in the chamber.
- S241 Drag the gas turbine to accelerate to the first set speed, and heat the gas turbine to the first specified temperature.
- the DPC i drags the gas turbine to accelerate to the first set speed (different gas turbines have different values, which is a speed range determined during the design stage of the gas turbine, for example, 50000-55000 rpm).
- the gas turbine is maintained at the first designated speed, and the temperature of the gas turbine (for example, the temperature of the back end of the gas turbine turbine) is closed-loop controlled to increase the temperature of the gas turbine to the first designated temperature (different gas turbines have different values).
- the gas engine is a kind of heat engine, and only when it reaches a certain temperature, can the chemical energy of the fuel be efficiently converted into kinetic energy.
- S251 Drag the gas turbine to the target speed according to the target speed signal.
- ECU i sends a target speed signal to DPC i (the target speed is calculated by the target output power of the gas turbine, for example, the target output power of the gas turbine is its rated power, and the speed calculated based on the rated power is the target speed), DPC i After receiving the signal, drag the gas turbine to the target speed. At this stage, DPC i can drag the gas turbine to a new speed (corresponding to the new output power) based on the new speed signal.
- Needle further embodiment of the invention provides a method of closing a gas turbine, the prime mover when the power generation module according to the present invention, T i is the gas turbine, the gas turbine of the present embodiment is preferably used in a gas turbine control method embodiment for closing the stationary stop.
- the gas turbine shutdown process 300 includes:
- the ECU i controls the oil and gas circuit to stop fuel supply, and at the same time sends the second designated speed signal to the DPC i.
- the second designated rotational speed may be the same as or different from the first designated rotational speed.
- S320 Drag the gas turbine to the second designated speed, and cool the gas turbine to the second designated temperature.
- DPC i drags the gas turbine to the second specified speed, maintains the gas turbine running at the second specified speed, and starts the cooling system of the charging system CS to cool the gas turbine to the second specified temperature.
- the second designated temperature may be the same as or different from the first designated temperature.
- the embodiment of the present invention also provides a power distribution method, where the power distribution is power distribution among energy sources S i .
- the power allocation method means during the charging process, based on real-time power requirements of the load, based on the difference of each energy source S i output capability, the distribution of the output power of tasks to each of the energy source S i to meet the real-time power requirement of the load, i.e., to determine the respective S i is the energy source output power P Si.
- FIG. 9 is a flowchart of the power distribution method of this embodiment.
- each energy source comprises a S i T i and the power generation module storage module B i a charging system.
- a plurality of energy sources S i power allocation process 400 comprises the steps of:
- S410 Determine the load power requirement P load . That is, the HCU obtains the power demand P load of the external load to be charged from the CHRG.
- S420 acquiring status information N (N ⁇ 2) a source of energy in each of the energy source S i. HCU status information acquired by the energy source from the interior of the S i EMS i.
- each energy source S i comprises a power generation block T i (preferably a gas turbine generator sets, i.e. gas turbine + generator, may be any other form of power plant generating electrical energy) and a
- the energy storage module B i (preferably a battery, can be any other form of rechargeable electrical energy storage device).
- i 1,2,...,N.
- Status information includes information of state of charge of the module T i operating status information module B i and storage of energy occurs.
- Electric power generating operating state of the module T I information indicates that the current operation of the module T I electric energy occurs, may be turned off (or down, stop) state, the standby state, power state, failure state, etc., may also be a module T number indicate electric power generating i performance status information as date of occurrence of the power module T i, the remaining amount of fuel and the like.
- the state of charge of the energy storage module B i B i information indicates that the current storage module battery condition, by way of example, when the energy storage module is a storage battery B i preferably power status information may be the state of charge SOC of the battery or a battery health of S0H; when When the energy storage module B i is preferably a super capacitor, the power state information may be the state of charge SOC of the super capacitor.
- the battery state of charge SOC (state of charge) is used to reflect the physical quantity of the remaining capacity of the battery, and its value is defined as the ratio of the remaining battery capacity to the battery capacity;
- the super capacitor state of charge SOC (super capacitor state of charge) is based on The actually measured capacitance energy is expressed as a percentage of the square of the maximum nominal voltage of the pair of capacitances.
- Battery state of charge SOC state of charge
- battery health SOH state of health
- HCU battery management system
- S430 P load based on the load power demand and the power source status information S i, determining an output power of the energy source of the N S i S i for each energy source of P Si.
- P Si P Ti + P Bi.
- P Ti T i output module generating electrical power P Ti value of zero or greater.
- P Bi is the output power of the energy storage module B i
- P Bi values may be greater than zero, may be less than zero.
- the value of P Bi is greater than zero, it indicates that the energy storage module B i is in a discharging state, that is, it outputs electric energy to the load; when the value of P Bi is less than zero, it indicates that the energy storage module B i is in a charging state, that is, P Ti is divided by In addition to outputting electric energy to the load, there is excess electric energy to charge the energy storage module B i.
- each energy source comprises two energy sources S i: T i and the energy storage module B i electric power generating module, a power allocation scheme is detailed in the flow of energy between the source S i 500-600.
- the HCU After determining P Si , the HCU sends P Si to the corresponding EMS i . EMS i based on two internal power P Si energy source S i, i.e., T i and the power generation module storage module B i is controlled to meet the output power of the energy source S i P Si. More details on the basis of the description, see EMS i S i internal energy source for controlling the electric power generating module T i and the energy storage module 700 processes B i P Si and description.
- the sub-step process 500 of S430 includes:
- S510 Based on the state information S i is the energy source, the energy source of the N S i classification.
- S511 First determine the energy source that does not output electrical energy to the current load among the N energy source S i modules. If any one of the following three conditions is met, it is judged as an energy source that does not output electric energy to the current load, and the number is denoted as p.
- the first case when the SOH i of the energy storage module B i is less than 80% (the value can be calibrated), it is determined that the energy source S i is the energy source of the energy storage module B i to be replaced.
- the energy storage module B i to be replaced does not output power to the outside, that is, the output power is 0;
- the third case When the charging system CS includes more than one charging gun (as shown in Figure 2), that is, when the charging system CS can charge multiple loads at the same time, if a certain energy source S i is running, it will be charged to another charging of the load, the energy source S i is also not recognized as a current load output power of energy source module.
- n first objectives determining the remaining energy source energy source S i of Np module.
- the energy source S i is determined as the first target energy source, referred to as the n.
- the electric energy generation module in the first target energy source is recorded as the electric energy generation module Th
- the energy source S i is determined as the second target energy source, referred to as the m, a first energy source target power generation module referred to as
- N is the total number of energy source modules
- p is the number of energy sources judged to not output electric energy to the current load
- n is the number of first target energy sources
- m is the number of second target energy sources.
- S512 module T i based on the occurrence of a power generation state or in the stop / standby mode the energy source S i classification.
- the energy source S i may also be classified based on other operating state information of the electric energy generation module T i.
- modules may be combined electric power generating T i is in a power / stop / standby mode, and the remaining amount of fuel energy source for classified S i, T i the power generation module and the state of power generation fuel remaining amount is equal to a set threshold energy source S i determined as the first target energy source; T i the power generation module in a generating state, but the residual fuel amount is less than a set threshold, the energy source is S or stop / standby state i determined as the second target energy source .
- all energy sources S i can be sorted and numbered based on the status information.
- the number range of the first target energy source is defined to be 1 to n, and the n first target energy sources can be arranged in any order.
- the following describes the numbers in descending order according to the SOC value of the energy storage module B h.
- the number range of the second target energy source is defined as n+1 to n+m, and the m second target energy sources are numbered in descending order according to the SOC value of the energy storage module B j. Define the remaining N-(n+m), that is, p.
- the number range of energy sources that do not output electric energy to the current load is n+m+1 to N, and they can be numbered in any order.
- the renumbered N energy sources are: S 1 ,S 2 ,...,S n ,S (n+1) ,...,S (n+m) ,S (n+m+1) ,...,S N , the corresponding energy generation module and energy storage module are also numbered the same. It must be noted that the operation of reordering and numbering the energy sources is not necessary, and it is just for the convenience of distinction here.
- S520 Based on the classification result of S510, determining a total output power of the energy storage module B i P B (total).
- the charging power still needed by the charged vehicle is:
- the occurrence of a specific power output of the power module T i can change over time, or it can be a constant value.
- the output power of each electric energy generation module T i The value of can be the same or different.
- the prime mover module T i is preferably a gas turbine electric power generating, and all electric power generating modules T i prime mover, the same parameters of the generator.
- the power generation module T i in a steady state power generation, gas turbine operate in optimum operating point, the output power Constant, which is the rated output power of the gas turbine.
- the output power of the energy generation module P T is a constant, that is, the rated output power of the gas turbine, for example, 15 kW (just an example).
- the output power of the power generation module T i is in a stopped state, the output power of the power generation module T i
- P B(total) ⁇ 0 it means that the external power demand is less than the output power of the power generation module Th in the first target energy source. In this case, the output power of the power generation module Th meets the external power demand power at the same time, The remaining output power is the energy storage module B h of the charging system for charging.
- the formula for calculating the output power P Sh of each first target energy source is:
- the method for determining k h , k′ h , k′′ h is calculated according to the logic algorithm in the process 600 (see below).
- P Si P Ti +P Bi described above
- the first target energy source can be calculated
- P Bh of the middle energy storage module B h the output power of the energy generation module T j (stop state) and the energy storage module B j are both zero.
- the second case is a first case
- n first target energy sources can meet the power demand of the load, and the power generation module Th and energy storage module of the first target energy source are required B h outputs power to the load at the same time.
- the output power of the electric energy generation module T j (stop state) and the energy storage module B j are both zero.
- ⁇ P Bh(max) is the maximum allowable power value that can be output by the energy storage module B h in the first target energy source .
- the maximum allowable power value is affected by the current battery SOC, battery and Ambient temperature, humidity, etc.; in addition, in order to enable the entire system to continue to meet the external charging requirements, the maximum allowable power P Bh(max) value that can be output by the energy storage module B h in the first target energy source is made corresponding Restrictions can be achieved through calibration look-up tables. Determine the output power P Sh of the first target energy source according to the following steps.
- the discharge coefficient b h (discharge) of the energy storage module B h in each first target energy source is k h , k′ h , k′′ h (k h , k′ h ,
- the determination method of k′′ h is calculated according to the logic algorithm in 600), namely:
- the contribution coefficient determination process 600 the method of determining the contribution coefficients k h , k′ h , k′′ h and k j , k′ j , k′′ j includes:
- the reference value SOC jref is determined, and the calculation formula of the reference value SOC jref is:
- This embodiment comprehensively considers the influence of the operation status of the power generation module and the power status of the energy storage module on the distribution strategy.
- the power distribution method of this embodiment can reduce the frequent start and stop of the power generation module while meeting the load power demand as much as possible. Extend the service life of the power generation module and reduce the energy loss of the frequent start and stop of the power generation module, and at the same time ensure the balanced use of the energy storage module to extend the service life of the battery.
- the embodiment of the present invention also provides another power distribution method.
- the above-described embodiment differs from the embodiment in that the power allocation method, the present embodiment is based on S i having at least two parallel energy source, the energy source S i and each includes a power generation block T i, a plurality of a common energy source S i
- the charging system of energy storage module B is used.
- the load power allocation method in the present embodiment is as follows: when the charging system CS plurality of energy sources S i B share one energy storage module, the storage module B does not participate in the output power to the load, is only responsible for the charging system CS the energy source S i T i power generation module providing a starting power, so the power distribution load without considering the power storage module B.
- the state information of the energy source S i is the operating state information of the power generating module T i.
- Electric power generating operating state of the module T I information indicates that the current operation of the module T I electric energy occurs, may be turned off (or down, stop) state, the standby state, power state, failure state, etc., may also be a module T number indicate electric power generating i performance status information as date of occurrence of the power module T i, the remaining amount of fuel and the like.
- only necessary energy source S determines which output power P i of the Si load, and the output power of the energy source S i, i.e., electric power generating module output power P T i steady operation according to the electric power generating operation state information of the module T i Ti .
- the remaining amount of fuel as a filter criteria can select a larger amount of fuel remaining on the energy source S i load output power P Si, another example, prefers the energy source in the standby state S i to the load output power P Si.
- the occurrence of a specific power output of the power module T i can change over time, or it can be a constant value.
- the output power of each electric energy generation module T i The value of can be the same or different.
- the prime mover module T i is preferably a gas turbine electric power generating, and all electric power generating modules T i prime mover, the same parameters of the generator.
- the power generation module T i in a steady state power generation, gas turbine operate in optimum operating point, the output power Constant, which is the rated output power of the gas turbine.
- the output power of the energy generation module P T is a constant, that is, the rated output power of the gas turbine, for example, 15 kW (just an example).
- the output power of the power generation module T i is in a stopped state, the output power of the power generation module T i
- This embodiment comprehensively considers the influence of the operation status of the power generation module on the distribution strategy.
- the power distribution method of this embodiment can reduce the frequent start and stop of the power generation module to prolong the use of the power generation module while meeting the load power demand as much as possible. Life and reduce the energy loss of frequent start and stop of the electric energy generation module.
- the embodiment of the present invention also provides a multi-mode charging method.
- the charging system when a single energy source is used to charge a load, it is necessary to determine the output power P Si of the single energy source based on the real-time power demand of the load; When multiple energy sources are used to charge an external load, it is necessary to allocate the output power task to each energy source to meet the real-time power demand of the load based on the real-time power demand of the load and according to the difference in the output capacity of each energy source.
- the load demand power allocation method may refer to the process 400, the process 500, and the process 600 for details.
- the multi-mode charging method of this embodiment refers to further determining the working modes of the two power sources of the electric energy generation module and the energy storage module in the energy source based on the distributed output power P Si of the energy source. It should be understood that although the charging system shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 of the present invention includes multiple energy sources, the multi-mode charging method is also applicable to the case of a single energy source.
- FIG. 12 is a flowchart of an embodiment of a multi-mode charging method provided by the present invention.
- the energy source includes a power generation module S i T i (preferably a gas turbine generator sets, i.e. gas turbine + generator, may be any other form of power plant generating electrical energy) and the energy storage module B i (preferably The battery can be any other form of rechargeable electrical energy storage device).
- a power generation module S i T i preferably a gas turbine generator sets, i.e. gas turbine + generator, may be any other form of power plant generating electrical energy
- the energy storage module B i preferably The battery can be any other form of rechargeable electrical energy storage device.
- the multi-mode charging process 700 includes:
- Each energy source S i of the mode of operation is divided into four modes: a low power mode (L mode), the power mode (M mode), high-power mode (H mode) and the power generation module standalone mode (T mode ).
- L mode and M mode are subdivided into L1, L2 and M1, M2 modes respectively. (See Figure 4 for details).
- EMS i receives the transmitted output power P Si HCU, based on the magnitude of the output power P Si, determining an initial operating mode of the energy source S i:
- the module operates in the optimum T i operating point of the output power P Ti electrical energy occurs.
- the occurrence of a specific power output of the power module T i It can change over time, or it can be a constant value.
- the output power of each electric energy generation module T i The value of can be the same or different.
- the prime mover module T i is preferably a gas turbine electric power generating, and all electric power generating modules T i prime mover, the same parameters of the generator.
- the power generation module T i When the system is in stable condition, the power generation module T i in a steady state power generation, gas turbine operate in optimum operating point, the output power Constant, which is the rated output power of the gas turbine. At this time, the output power of the energy generation module P T is a constant, that is, the rated output power of the gas turbine, for example, 15 kW (just an example).
- the power generation module T i When the power generation module T i is in a stopped state, the output power of the power generation module T i
- the energy source S i runs in the L1 mode by default.
- the energy storage module B i alone satisfies the power P Si . This is because when the energy source S requires less power P Si i output, the energy storage module energy source B i S i is generally able to meet the demand, an energy source without starting the power B i generation block T i.
- the energy source S i runs in the L1 mode by default.
- the SOC value of the energy storage module B i is lower than the first threshold (such as 40%, it can be calibrated; if the SOC value is lower than the first threshold, it indicates that the remaining power of the energy storage module B i is insufficient) when, into L2 mode, for starting the power generation module T i.
- the power generation module T i output power P Ti (eg 15kW, 45kW, 60kW, associated with the gas turbine model), in the case where P Si meet, the excess power (P Si -P Ti) to The energy storage module B i is charged.
- the energy storage module B i SOC value continues to rise, the energy storage module when the detected SOC value B i is not less than a second threshold value (e.g., 80% , Can be calibrated; when the SOC value is greater than or equal to the second threshold, it indicates that the energy storage module has sufficient power to output electrical energy), turn off the power generation module T i and return to L1 mode operation, that is, the energy storage module B i alone meets the power P Si .
- a second threshold value e.g., 80% , Can be calibrated; when the SOC value is greater than or equal to the second threshold, it indicates that the energy storage module has sufficient power to output electrical energy
- P Si P Ti + P Bi.
- P Ti T i output module generating electrical power P Ti value of zero or greater.
- P Bi is the output power of the energy storage module B i
- P Bi values may be greater than zero, may be less than zero.
- the value of P Bi is greater than zero, it indicates that the energy storage module B i is in a discharging state, that is, it outputs electric energy to the load; when the value of P Bi is less than zero, it indicates that the energy storage module B i is in a charging state, that is, P Ti is divided by In addition to outputting electric energy to the load, there is excess electric energy to charge the energy storage module B i.
- P Ti ⁇ P Si ⁇ (P Ti + P b ) confirm that the energy source enters the M mode operation.
- P b is a set power, which is related to the parameters of the energy storage module B i.
- P b may be the corresponding discharge power when the discharge rate of the energy storage module B i is 1C.
- the first type the energy source S i runs in the M1 mode by default. In the M1 mode, the energy storage module B i alone satisfies the power P Si .
- the power generation module T i When the SOC value below a third threshold (e.g., 35%, can be calibrated), enters the M2 mode, i.e., for starting the power generation block T i, at the M2 mode, the power generation module T i output power P Ti (eg 15kW, 45kW, 60kW associated with the module models electric power generating T i), at the same time, the energy storage module B i output power (P Si -P Ti).
- a third threshold e.g., 35%, can be calibrated
- the second type if the power provided by the energy storage module B i can meet the power demand of the load, it enters the M1 mode, otherwise it enters the M2 mode.
- the conditions for judging to enter the M1 mode are:
- C load-demand is the power required by the load
- C B1 is the power that the energy storage module B i can provide.
- C load-demand C load-tota ⁇ (SOC demand -SOC load )
- C load-tota is the total load capacity, and SOC demand is the SOC value that the load hopes to reach. It can be a default value (such as 90%) set based on experience, or a value entered by the user; SOC load is the SOC value of the load .
- C B1 is the amount of electricity that the energy storage module can provide;
- C B-tot is the total capacity of the energy storage module ,
- SOC B is the current SOC value of the energy storage module, and
- SOC lim1 is the first limit of the energy storage module. When SOC B is less than the first limit, it will switch from M1 mode to M2 mode to run.
- the power generation module T i output power P Ti (eg 15kW, 45kW, 60kW, energy type associated with the occurrence of the module T i), at the same time, the energy storage module B i output power (P Si -P Ti) .
- the energy source S i can automatically switch among the four operating modes (L mode, M mode, H mode and T mode), namely the energy source S i
- the working mode can be updated based on the initial working mode (the current working mode) and the change of P Si (or called determining the new working mode) to better track the output power P Si .
- L1 mode is switched to M1 mode
- L2 mode is switched to the M2 mode
- the advantages that the output of the energy source S i more gradual, reducing the start power generation block T i, reduce system losses simultaneously stop operation, protects the power generation module T i of ,Improve efficiency. Otherwise, assuming that L1 is switched to the mode M2 mode, turn on the power generation block T i, and the mode is switched to L2 M1 mode, the power generation module needs to close T i.
- Energy source S i H-mode or run mode M2 when the SOC of the energy storage module B i is less than the fourth threshold value (e.g., 25%, can be calibrated), the energy source S i to T mode automatically switches. Because when the SOC value of the energy storage module B i is already very small, continuing to discharge will cause certain damage to the energy storage module B i.
- the fourth threshold value e.g. 25%
- the multi-mode charging method provided by the embodiment of the present invention enables the energy source to be automatically switched in multiple working modes, so that the energy source can accurately track the constantly changing load power demand.
- the setting of switching conditions between working modes makes the output of the energy source smoother, reduces the startup and shutdown operations of the power generation module, protects the power generation module, reduces system losses and improves efficiency.
- the embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for supplementing the power of the energy storage module to ensure that the energy storage module has the desired amount of power after the charging is completed.
- the charging process 800 of the energy storage module includes:
- the SOC value of the energy storage module is first judged. When the SOC value is greater than or equal to 85% (this value can be set according to the actual situation), it is determined that the energy storage module does not need to be charged; otherwise, determine whether to charge to the energy storage module.
- Module charging When it is necessary to charge the energy storage module, determine whether to perform external recharge. When performing external recharge, the energy storage module is recharged by the external power supply. When external recharge is not required, the energy storage module is operated by the gas turbine The module is charged.
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Magnetic Bearings And Hydrostatic Bearings (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims (10)
- 一种轴承检测方法,用于支撑转子的空气轴承或空气轴承与磁悬浮轴承二者组成的混合轴承在转子启动时的故障检测,其特征在于,所述方法包括:启动转子,使其沿第一方向以第一转速转动,其中,第一方向为转子正常运行时旋转的方向,第一转速为标定值;获取第一扭矩,其中第一扭矩为转子沿第一方向以第一转速转动时的输出扭矩;判断第一扭矩与扭矩阈值,其中,扭矩阈值为标定值,若第一扭矩小于扭矩阈值,判定为轴承无故障。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种轴承检测方法,其特征在于,在判断第一扭矩与扭矩阈值时,若第一扭矩大于或等于扭矩阈值,对轴承进一步检测,其中,进一步检测方法包括:控制转子换向,使其沿第二方向以第二转速转动,其中,第二方向为与第一方向相反的方向,第二转速为标定值;获取换向时间,其中,换向时间为转子换向的时刻至转子沿第二方向达到以第二转速转动的时刻的时长,判断换向时间与换向时间阈值,其中,换向时间阈值为标定值,若换向时间大于或等于换向时间阈值,判定为轴承存在故障。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种轴承检测方法,其特征在于,在判断第一扭矩与扭矩阈值时,若第一扭矩大于或等于扭矩阈值,对轴承进一步检测,其中,进一步检测方法包括:控制转子换向,使其沿第二方向以第二转速转动,其中,第二方向为与第一方向相反的方向,第二转速为标定值;获取第二扭矩,其中,第二扭矩为转子沿第二方向以第二转速转动时的输出扭矩;判断第二扭矩与扭矩阈值,其中,扭矩阈值均为标定值,若第二扭矩大于或等于扭矩阈值,判定为轴承存在故障。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种轴承检测方法,其特征在于,在判断第一扭矩与扭矩阈值时,若第一扭矩大于或等于扭矩阈值,对轴承进一步检测,其中,进一步检测方法包括:控制转子换向,使其沿第二方向以第二转速转动,其中,第二方向为与第一方向相反的方向,第二转速为标定值;获取换向时间、第二扭矩,其中,换向时间为转子换向的时刻至转子沿第二方向达到以第二转速转动的时刻的时长,第二扭矩为转子沿第二方向以第二转速转动时的输出扭矩;判断换向时间与换向时间阈值、第二扭矩与扭矩阈值,其中,换向时间阈值、扭矩阈值均为标定值,若换向时间小于换向时间阈值,且第二扭矩小于扭矩阈值,判定为轴承无故障,否则判定为轴承存在故障。
- 根据权利要求2或3或4所述的一种轴承检测方法,其特征在于,所述控制转子换向,使其沿第二方向以第二转速转动的方法包括:首先将转子降速为零,再控制转子反向旋转升速至第二转速,
- 一种轴承检测系统,用于支撑转子的空气轴承或空气轴承与磁悬浮轴承二者组成的混合轴承在转子启动时的故障检测,其特征在于,所述检测系统利用权利要求1-7任一项所述的轴承检测方法检测转子启动时的轴承故障。
- 一种燃气轮机启动方法,所述燃气轮机使用有空气轴承或空气轴承和磁悬浮轴承二者组成的混合轴承,其特征在于,所述方法包括:在燃气轮机启动时,利用权利要求1-7任一项所述的轴承检测方法检测轴承是否存在故障,若轴承无故障,进入燃气轮机升速阶段,否则报告故障,关闭燃气轮机。
- 一种燃气轮机启动系统,所述燃气轮机使用有空气轴承或空气轴承和磁悬浮轴承二者组成的混合轴承,其特征在于,在燃气轮机启动时,所述启动系统利用权利要求1-7任一项所述的轴承检测方法检测轴承是否存在故障,若轴承无故障,进入燃气轮机升速阶段,否则报告故障,关闭燃气轮机。
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CN111441869A (zh) * | 2020-03-29 | 2020-07-24 | 至玥腾风科技集团有限公司 | 一种微型燃气轮机启动方法及系统 |
KR20220164102A (ko) * | 2021-06-03 | 2022-12-13 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 엔진의 베어링이 손상된 하이브리드자동차의 비상구동시스템 및 방법 |
CN115270896B (zh) * | 2022-09-28 | 2023-04-07 | 西华大学 | 一种用于识别航空发动机主轴承松动故障的智能诊断方法 |
SE2251343A1 (en) * | 2022-11-16 | 2024-05-17 | Scania Cv Ab | Method and control arrangement for diagnosing of a powertrain component of a vehicle |
DE102022213171A1 (de) * | 2022-12-07 | 2024-06-13 | Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Luftförder- und Luftverdichtungssystems, Steuergerät |
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