WO2021125009A1 - 海洋浮遊プラスチックごみを利用した合成樹脂成形品の製造方法 - Google Patents
海洋浮遊プラスチックごみを利用した合成樹脂成形品の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021125009A1 WO2021125009A1 PCT/JP2020/045822 JP2020045822W WO2021125009A1 WO 2021125009 A1 WO2021125009 A1 WO 2021125009A1 JP 2020045822 W JP2020045822 W JP 2020045822W WO 2021125009 A1 WO2021125009 A1 WO 2021125009A1
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- Prior art keywords
- plastic waste
- marine
- less
- synthetic resin
- marine floating
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- 239000013502 plastic waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
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- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
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- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 244000082204 Phyllostachys viridis Species 0.000 claims 1
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- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
- B29B7/02—Mixing; Kneading non-continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices, i.e. batch type
- B29B7/06—Mixing; Kneading non-continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices, i.e. batch type with movable mixing or kneading devices
- B29B7/10—Mixing; Kneading non-continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices, i.e. batch type with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
- B29B7/12—Mixing; Kneading non-continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices, i.e. batch type with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with single shaft
- B29B7/16—Mixing; Kneading non-continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices, i.e. batch type with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with single shaft with paddles or arms
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- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
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- B29B17/0404—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling to powder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/0026—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics by agglomeration or compacting
- B29B17/0042—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics by agglomeration or compacting for shaping parts, e.g. multilayered parts with at least one layer containing regenerated plastic
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
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- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
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- B29B7/885—Adding charges, i.e. additives with means for treating, e.g. milling, the charges
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
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- B29B7/905—Fillers or reinforcements, e.g. fibres with means for pretreatment of the charges or fibres
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
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- B29B7/80—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29B2017/0203—Separating plastics from plastics
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/04—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling
- B29B2017/042—Mixing disintegrated particles or powders with other materials, e.g. with virgin materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29B2017/0424—Specific disintegrating techniques; devices therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29B2017/0424—Specific disintegrating techniques; devices therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
- B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
- B29B7/34—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B9/00—Making granules
- B29B9/02—Making granules by dividing preformed material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/26—Scrap or recycled material
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
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- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/78—Recycling of wood or furniture waste
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for reusing recovered marine suspended plastic waste as a raw material for a new synthetic resin molded product.
- the collected marine floating plastic waste can be sorted by type, the possibility that they can be used for material recycling will increase.
- PET resin and the like are relatively easy to sort from a state in which a large number of types of plastics are mixed. Attempts have been made to reuse PET bottles selected from the above as raw materials for new PET resin molded products. However, there are very few types of plastics that can be easily sorted from a mixture of many types of plastics, and most plastics cannot be used for material recycling with current technology.
- the collected marine floating plastic waste is used as a part of the product raw material in a state where many types of plastic are mixed without sorting by type, but blocks are manufactured by mixing with concrete. Or, they are mixed with asphalt and stone and used for road materials, and they simply contain floating plastic waste in other products, which is far from material recycling.
- the present invention is intended to solve such a problem of the prior art, and it is not necessary to separate the collected marine suspended plastic waste for each type of plastic, and most of the collected marine floating plastic waste is reused as a raw material. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing a synthetic resin molded product capable of producing a product.
- the method for producing a synthetic resin molded product using the marine floating plastic waste according to the present invention is a marine floating plastic waste 30 to 80 in a state where a plurality of types of plastics having a diameter or side of 5 mm or less or a weight of 0.1 g or less are mixed. 20-70% by weight of the secondary material, which has a diameter or side of 5 mm or less and does not melt under the temperature condition of 200 ° C., is mixed by a mixer, and a mixture of marine suspended plastic waste and the secondary material is crushed.
- It is characterized in that it is supplied to a molding machine, crushed so as to be a powder having a diameter or one side of 1 mm or less, and the powder is supplied to a molding machine as a raw material for a synthetic resin molded product to carry out a molding process.
- a crushing device whose rotor rotates at a high speed of 1500 rpm or more to crush a mixture of marine floating plastic waste and a second material, and wood chips, bamboo chips, and shells as the second material. It is preferable to use the crushed product of the above or the rice husk of the grain.
- Marine floating plastic waste with a diameter or side of 5 mm or less or a weight of 0.1 g or less can be obtained by sorting the collected marine floating plastic waste by type of plastic without sorting and then crushing it. After sorting and before crushing, it is preferable to carry out a drying step as necessary to reduce the water content of the floating plastic waste in the ocean to 7% or less.
- the second material (those that do not melt under the temperature condition of 200 ° C.) mixed with the floating plastic waste in the ocean can also be obtained by sorting from the collected floating plastic waste in the ocean and crushing it. Also in this case, it is preferable to carry out a drying step as necessary after sorting and before crushing to reduce the water content of the marine suspended plastic waste and the second material to 7% or less, and then crush.
- the method for producing a synthetic resin molded product using marine suspended plastic waste according to the present invention, it is not necessary to separate the collected marine suspended plastic waste for each type of plastic, and most of the collected marine suspended plastic waste is made of synthetic resin molded products. It can be reused as a raw material. Therefore, it is possible to reduce marine pollution, utilize depleting resources more effectively, reduce the environmental load, and establish an effective treatment method for floating plastic waste in the ocean, which contributes to the conservation of the global environment. You can make a great contribution.
- FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a method for manufacturing a synthetic resin molded product according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a pulverizer 4 that can be used in the method for producing a synthetic resin molded product according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing another configuration example of the crushing apparatus 4 that can be used in the method for producing a synthetic resin molded product according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the recovered marine suspended plastic waste is used as the first raw material, and the second raw material (hereinafter, "second material") is used. It is characterized in that a synthetic resin molded product is produced by adding (referred to as)), mixing, crushing them, and putting them into a molding machine.
- second material the second raw material
- a synthetic resin molded product is produced by adding (referred to as)), mixing, crushing them, and putting them into a molding machine.
- Marine floating garbage floating on or below the sea surface is collected by fishing nets or the like. If the collected marine floating waste contains anything other than plastic (for example, living organisms or dead bodies, seaweeds, drifting trees, woody waste, etc.), the marine floating waste will be suspended in the ocean. Sort plastic waste. Large-sized waste such as fishing nets, buoys, and parts of FRP hulls can be excluded from the marine floating plastic waste to be sorted.
- the sorted marine suspended plastic waste is usually a variety of plastics (eg, polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyamide (PA), Urethane (URE), polypropylene (PC), ABS, etc.) are mixed, but in this embodiment, it is not necessary to separate them by type, and many types of plastics remain mixed. , Can be transferred to the next process.
- the sorted marine suspended plastic waste may contain substances other than plastic (for example, aluminum, paper, fibers, and other foreign substances laminated on a plastic film). However, the amount of substances other than plastic mixed in is preferably 10% by weight or less of the total amount of the sorted marine suspended plastic waste.
- Drying step A drying step is carried out on the selected marine suspended plastic waste to bring the water content to 7% or less (preferably 5% or less).
- the drying step can be carried out using a dryer using various heat sources, but the floating plastic waste in the ocean may be dried by simply exposing it to sunlight or wind.
- Marine suspended plastic waste is crushed into small pieces with a diameter or side of 5 mm or less or a weight of 0.1 g or less.
- the crushing step can be carried out using a crusher or the like.
- the crushed marine floating plastic waste P is housed in the first tank 1 shown in FIG.
- the crushed marine floating plastic waste P may contain a collection of lint-like waste.
- plastic waste that is difficult to crush with a crusher for example, large waste such as buoys, fishing nets, and parts of FRP hulls
- a crusher for example, large waste such as buoys, fishing nets, and parts of FRP hulls
- the crushed marine suspended plastic waste P is mixed with the second material.
- the second material a material that does not melt under a temperature condition of 200 ° C. is used. If the prepared second material contains a material having a diameter or one side exceeding 5 mm, a crusher or the like is used so that the diameter or one side is 5 mm or less before mixing. Crush using.
- the wood chip W is used as the second material.
- the wood chip W is housed in the second tank 2 shown in FIG.
- the term "wood chips” as used herein means wood fragments or wood powder such as natural wood, laminated wood, MDF, or plywood, and is produced during wood processing at a sawmill or a woodworking product manufacturing factory. Includes sawdust and shavings, and crushed discarded wood, its scraps, or wood products (wooden furniture, wooden building materials, etc.). Wood chips W can also be obtained by crushing driftwood and woody waste contained in the collected floating marine waste.
- the wood chip W may contain foreign substances such as paper, fibers, laminate sheets, and paint. However, the amount of foreign matter mixed is preferably 20% by weight or less of the entire wood chip W. Further, instead of the wood chip W, carbon fiber used for FRP, crushed or crushed glass fiber, crushed shell, bamboo chip, rice husk of grain, etc.) may be used as the second material. it can.
- the marine floating plastic waste P contained in the first tank 1 and the wood chips W contained in the second tank 2 are each conveyed by a transfer device (not shown), charged into a mixer, and mixed. ..
- the specific configuration of the mixer is not limited, but as shown in FIG. 1, for example, the stirring impeller 3b is configured to rotate at a low speed (for example, 600 rpm or more) in the bowl 3a, and the mixer is charged.
- a mixer 3 capable of stirring and mixing the processed object in the bowl 3a is used.
- the mixing ratio of the marine floating plastic waste P and the wood chips W is preferably the same amount (50% by weight each), but the amount is appropriately increased or decreased depending on the conditions (30 to 80% by weight of the marine floating plastic waste P,
- the wood chip W can be 20 to 70% by weight).
- the size (upper limit size) of the floating plastic waste P and the wood chip W are the same at the time of mixing, but due to differences in specific gravity and shape, etc., the whole is agitated for a short time. May be difficult to mix evenly. In such a case, it is preferable to stir for a sufficient time. Due to the heating of the stirring tank and the frictional heat generated by stirring, the soft plastic (particularly, film-like plastic) in the marine floating plastic waste P, the plastic having a low melting point, etc. are slightly softened, and the wood chip W It becomes familiar with and the whole can be mixed uniformly. However, in some cases, the whole can be uniformly mixed by stirring for a short time (for example, about 1 minute). Therefore, the stirring time can be appropriately determined while checking the mixing condition.
- the crushing device 4 is not limited, but in the case where the marine floating plastic waste P having a diameter or one side of 5 mm or a weight of about 0.1 g and the wood chip W are introduced. , A crusher 4 capable of crushing the powder so that the powder has a diameter or one side of 1 mm or less is used.
- a rotor 12 having a plurality of rotary blades 11 (or a plurality of hammers) attached to an outer peripheral portion and a shavings arranged so as to surround the radial outer side of the rotary trajectory of the rotary blades 11.
- a crusher having a shape-shaped fixed blade 13, and by rotating the rotor 12 at high speed, the object to be processed introduced through the supply path 15 formed inside the rotating shaft 14 is fixed to the rotating blade 11.
- An impact type pulverizer 4A capable of pulverizing by a strong impact action by the blade 13 can be used as the pulverizer 4.
- a rotor 22 having a file-shaped uneven surface 21 formed on the surface as shown in FIG. 3 (1) is provided, and as shown in FIG. 3 (2), two rotors 22a and 22b are spaced apart from each other at a predetermined distance.
- the crusher is arranged so that the uneven surfaces 21 face each other, and the rotors 22a and 22b are rotated at high speed in opposite directions, and the rotors 22a and 22b are rotated at high speed in opposite directions via a supply path 24 formed inside the rotating shaft 23. Therefore, the pulverizer 4B configured to supply the object to be processed to the region between the rotors 22a and 22b and collide with the uneven surface 21 to pulverize can be used as the pulverizer 4.
- the crushing device 4 crushes the object to be processed having a diameter or one side of about 5 mm or a weight of about 0.1 g so that the diameter or one side is 1 mm or less.
- It is necessary to rotate the rotor of the crushing device 4 for example, the rotor 12 shown in FIG. 2 or the rotors 22, 22a, 22b shown in FIG. 3) at a high speed (for example, 1500 rpm or more).
- a high speed for example, 1500 rpm or more.
- heat is generated due to friction between the objects to be processed and between the object to be processed and the elements in the crushing device 4. If such a crushing step is continuously carried out, the inside of the crushing device 4 and the object to be treated may become hot (for example, 80 ° C. or higher).
- the floating plastic waste P in the ocean is thrown into the crushing device 4 and crushed.
- the floating plastic waste P in the ocean is in a state in which a plurality of types of plastics are mixed, the floating plastic waste P is suspended in the ocean.
- the plastic waste P contains plastic sheets and films having a low melting point, plastics to which a low melting point additive has been added at the time of molding, and the like.
- the inside of the crushing device 4 is 80. When the temperature rises to about ° C., they soften and adhere to and deposit on the elements in the crusher 4 (for example, the rotary blade 11 and the fixed blade 13 shown in FIG. 2, or the uneven surface 21 of the rotor 22 shown in FIG. 3). Therefore, there is a concern that the crushing efficiency may decrease or the crushing may not be possible.
- the impact type pulverizer 4A shown in FIG. 2 is configured so that the particle size of the pulverized product can be adjusted by adjusting the clearance dimension between the rotary blade 11 and the fixed blade 13 (the gap dimension can be adjusted).
- the particle size of the pulverized product can be made smaller by setting it smaller), but when a plastic film with a thickness of about 100 ⁇ m is contained in the floating plastic waste P, it is fixed to the rotary blade 11. Even if the gap dimension with the blade 13 is set as small as possible, an extremely thin plastic film may slip through the gap, and in this case, it cannot be crushed to a diameter or a side of 1 mm or less.
- the marine floating plastic waste P is supplied to the crushing device 4, but the mixture of the marine floating plastic waste P and the wood chips W is supplied to the crushing device 4 to carry out the crushing step. Therefore, the above-mentioned problems can be preferably avoided.
- the floating plastic waste P in the ocean is stirred in the crushing device 4 in a state of being mixed with the wood chips W, the floating plastic waste P in the ocean contains an extremely thin plastic film. However, it is possible to preferably prevent them from slipping through the gap between the rotary blade 11 and the fixed blade 13 by themselves.
- the mixing ratio of the wood chips W is less than 20% by weight (the mixing ratio of the floating plastic waste P in the ocean is 80% by weight or more), the above-mentioned plastic adhesion prevention effect and slip-through prevention effect are reduced.
- the mixing ratio of the wood chips W is preferably 20% by weight or more, because there is a possibility that the wood chips W will be mixed.
- the mixing ratio of the marine floating plastic waste P is less than 30% by weight (the mixing ratio of the wood chip W is 70% by weight or more)
- the crushed product is used as a raw material for the synthetic resin molded product, the plastic component is used. Since it may not function well as a binder (molding defects may occur), the mixing ratio of the marine suspended plastic waste P is preferably 30% by weight or more.
- marine suspended plastic waste can be crushed into powder having a diameter or a side of 1 mm or less, it may be used for material recycling (that is, it can be used as a raw material for new plastic products).
- the marine floating plastic waste P in a state where a plurality of types of plastics are mixed is mixed with the wood chips W, and they are supplied to the crushing device 4 to carry out the crushing step. Problems can be preferably avoided, and the powder can be pulverized into a powder having a diameter or a side of 1 mm or less.
- the second material (wood chip W) mixed with the floating plastic waste P in the ocean has a heat resistance of about 200 ° C. If it is present, it is possible to prevent the adhesion and accumulation of plastic inside the crushing apparatus 4 without any problem.
- Molding Step The powder obtained by crushing a mixture of marine floating plastic waste P and wood chip W is supplied to an extrusion molding machine as a raw material for a synthetic resin molded product, and the molding step is carried out. At this time, pigments and other additives can be added to the raw materials as needed.
- the molding process is performed by setting the heating temperature in the extrusion molding machine to an appropriate value (for example, 150 to 200 ° C.)
- the raw material (and additives) is heated in the molding machine, and the raw material is melted in the plastic powder state. Extruded from the die, cooled and molded.
- a material (wood chip W) that does not melt under the temperature condition of 200 ° C. is used, so that the powder (wood powder) is used.
- It functions as a filler in a state of being dispersed inside the plastic that functions as a binder, and can stabilize the shape of the molded product.
- the marine floating plastic waste P and the wood chip W which are the raw materials, are not crushed into powder having a diameter or one side of 1 mm or less (that is, the diameter or one side is larger than 1 mm and the sizes are not uniform). )
- the small pieces in the marine floating plastic waste P that do not melt at the heating temperature (about 200 ° C.) or less in the extrusion molding machine are molded in a size exceeding 1 mm. It may appear on the surface layer of the product, and in this case, it is dangerous to directly touch the user's hands, feet, etc., and there arises a problem that the aesthetic appearance of the molded product is spoiled. According to this, such a problem can be preferably avoided.
- an extrusion molding machine is used as a molding machine for carrying out the molding process, but other molding machines (injection molding machine, press molding machine, casting molding machine, etc.) are used. A molding process can also be carried out.
- the marine floating plastic waste is selected from the collected marine floating waste, but in the present embodiment, for example, among the collected marine floating waste, for example.
- materials that can be used as a second material such as driftwood and wood waste are included, they are sorted from the floating waste in the ocean and used as the second material. use.
- marine floating plastic waste is sorted and the second material (driftwood, wood waste, etc.) is sorted individually. Then, they are dried so that the water content is 7% or less (preferably 5% or less). Next, they are crushed into small pieces having a diameter or side of 5 mm or less or a weight of 0.1 g or less. Subsequent steps (mixing step, crushing step, and molding step) are the same as those in the first embodiment.
- the marine floating plastic waste and the second material are not individually sorted from the collected marine floating waste, but the marine floating waste is classified into the ocean.
- the group is divided into a group consisting of suspended plastic waste and the second material, and other groups, and the marine suspended plastic waste and the second material are put into the crusher in a mixed state to carry out the crushing process. ..
- the marine suspended plastic waste and the crushed material of the second material are sufficiently mixed by a mixer, and then the crushing step and the molding step are carried out in order.
- the crushing step it is preferable to confirm whether the ratio (weight ratio) of the floating plastic waste in the ocean and the second material is too biased to either side, and make appropriate adjustments as necessary. Specifically, the amounts of floating plastic waste in the ocean and the amount of the second material are visually compared, and if they are found to be approximately the same amount, they are put into a crusher and the crushing process is executed, and one of them is performed. If is too much or too little with respect to the other, the amount of either one or both is increased or decreased to adjust the amount to be substantially the same, and then the pulverization step is executed.
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Abstract
Description
本実施形態においては、海洋浮遊プラスチックごみを回収した後、乾燥、破砕、第二材料との混合、粉砕、及び、成形という工程が実行される。
海面又は海面下において浮遊する海洋浮遊ごみを、漁網等によって回収する。回収された海洋浮遊ごみの中に、プラスチック以外のもの(例えば、生物の生体又は死骸、海藻類、流木、木質ごみ等)が含まれている場合には、海洋浮遊ごみの中から、海洋浮遊プラスチックごみを選別する。尚、漁網、ブイ、FRP製の船体の一部等の大型ごみは、選別する海洋浮遊プラスチックごみから除外することができる。
選別した海洋浮遊プラスチックごみに対して乾燥工程を実施して、含水率を7%以下(好ましくは5%以下)とする。乾燥工程は、各種の熱源を利用した乾燥機を用いて実施することもできるが、単純に太陽光や風に晒すことによって海洋浮遊プラスチックごみを乾燥させてもよい。
海洋浮遊プラスチックごみを、直径又は一辺が5mm以下又は重量が0.1g以下の大きさの小片となるように破砕する。破砕工程は、破砕機等を用いて実施することができる。破砕した海洋浮遊プラスチックごみPは、図1に示す第一タンク1に収容される。尚、破砕された海洋浮遊プラスチックごみPの中には、糸屑状にまとまったものが含まれていてもよい。また、破砕機によって破砕することが困難なプラスチックごみ(例えば、ブイ、漁網、FRP製の船体の一部等の大型ごみ)は、適宜取り除くことができる。
破砕された海洋浮遊プラスチックごみPを、第二材料と混合する。第二材料としては、200℃の温度条件下において溶融しない材料を使用する。尚、用意した第二材料の中に、直径又は一辺が5mmを超える大きさを有するものが含まれている場合には、混合前に、直径又は一辺が5mm以下となるように、破砕機等を用いて破砕する。
海洋浮遊プラスチックごみPと木材チップWとが十分に混ざり合ったら、それらの混合物をミキサー3から排出し、粉砕装置4に定量的に供給して粉砕する。本実施形態においては、粉砕装置4の具体的な構成は限定されないが、直径又は一辺が5mm又は重量が0.1g程度の大きさの海洋浮遊プラスチックごみPと木材チップWとを導入した場合において、直径又は一辺が1mm以下の粉末となるように粉砕することができる粉砕装置4を使用する。
海洋浮遊プラスチックごみPと木材チップWの混合物を粉砕して得られた粉末を、合成樹脂成形品の原料として押出成形機に供給し、成形工程を実施する。このとき、顔料、その他の添加剤を、必要に応じて原料に添加することができる。
第一実施形態においては、回収された海洋浮遊ごみから、海洋浮遊プラスチックごみのみを選別しているが、本実施形態においては、回収された海洋浮遊ごみの中に、例えば、流木、木質ごみ等のように、第二材料として使用できるもの(200℃の温度条件下において溶融しないもの)が含まれている場合に、それらを海洋浮遊ごみから選別して、第二材料として使用する。
本実施形態においては、回収された海洋浮遊ごみから、海洋浮遊プラスチックごみと第二材料(流木、木質ごみ等)とを個別に選別するのではなく、海洋浮遊ごみを、海洋浮遊プラスチックごみ、及び、第二材料からなるグループと、それ以外のグループとに分け、海洋浮遊プラスチックごみと第二材料を、それらが混在した状態のまま破砕機に投入して破砕工程を実施する。次に、海洋浮遊プラスチックごみと第二材料の破砕物を、ミキサーによって十分に混合し、その後、粉砕工程及び成形工程を順番に実行する。
2:第二タンク、
3:ミキサー、
3a:ボウル、
3b:撹拌用インペラー、
4:粉砕装置、
4A:衝撃型微粉砕機、
4B:微粉砕機、
11:回転刃、
12:ローター、
13:固定刃、
14:回転軸、
15:供給路、
21:凹凸面、
22,22a,22b:ローター、
23:回転軸、
24:供給路
Claims (9)
- 直径又は一辺が5mm以下又は重量が0.1g以下の複数種類のプラスチックが混在した状態の海洋浮遊プラスチックごみ30~80重量%と、直径又は一辺が5mm以下で、200℃の温度条件下において溶融しない第二材料20~70重量%とを、ミキサーによって混合し、
海洋浮遊プラスチックごみと第二材料の混合物を粉砕装置に供給し、直径又は一辺が1mm以下の粉末となるように粉砕し、
得られた粉末を、合成樹脂成形品の原料として成形機に供給して成形工程を実施することを特徴とする、海洋浮遊プラスチックごみを利用した合成樹脂成形品の製造方法。 - 粉砕装置としてローターが1500rpm以上の高速で回転するものを使用して、海洋浮遊プラスチックごみと第二材料の混合物を粉砕することを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の海洋浮遊プラスチックごみを使用した合成樹脂成形品の製造方法。
- 第二材料として木材チップ、竹チップ、貝殻の粉砕物、又は、穀物の籾殻を使用することを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の海洋浮遊プラスチックごみを使用した合成樹脂成形品の製造方法。
- 回収された海洋浮遊ごみから、プラスチックの種類毎に分別することなく海洋浮遊プラスチックごみを選別し、
複数種類のプラスチックが混在した状態の選別した海洋浮遊プラスチックごみを、直径又は一辺が5mm以下又は重量が0.1g以下となるように破砕し、その後、直径又は一辺が5mm以下で、200℃の温度条件下において溶融しない第二材料と混合することを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の海洋浮遊プラスチックごみを使用した合成樹脂成形品の製造方法。 - 選別した海洋浮遊プラスチックごみに対して乾燥工程を実施してその含水率を7%以下とし、その後、破砕することを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の海洋浮遊プラスチックごみを使用した合成樹脂成形品の製造方法。
- 回収された海洋浮遊ごみから、プラスチックの種類毎に分別することなく海洋浮遊プラスチックごみを選別するとともに、200℃の温度条件下において溶融しない第二材料を選別し、
複数種類のプラスチックが混在した状態の選別した海洋浮遊プラスチックごみ、及び、選別した第二材料を、直径又は一辺が5mm以下又は重量が0.1g以下となるようにそれぞれ破砕し、その後、それらを混合することを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の海洋浮遊プラスチックごみを使用した合成樹脂成形品の製造方法。 - 回収された海洋浮遊ごみを、海洋浮遊プラスチックごみ、及び、200℃の温度条件下において溶融しない第二材料からなるグループと、それ以外のグループとに分けることにより、回収された海洋浮遊ごみから、複数種類のプラスチックが混在した状態の海洋浮遊プラスチックごみと第二材料を選別し、
選別した海洋浮遊プラスチックごみと第二材料を、直径又は一辺が5mm以下又は重量が0.1g以下となるように破砕し、
海洋浮遊プラスチックごみと第二材料の破砕物をミキサーによって混合し、
海洋浮遊プラスチックごみと第二材料の混合物を粉砕装置に供給し、直径又は一辺が1mm以下の粉末となるように粉砕し、
得られた粉末を、合成樹脂成形品の原料として成形機に供給して成形工程を実施することを特徴とする、海洋浮遊プラスチックごみを利用した合成樹脂成形品の製造方法。 - 選別した海洋浮遊プラスチックごみと第二材料を破砕する前に、海洋浮遊プラスチックごみが30~80重量%の範囲内、かつ、第二材料が20~70重量%の範囲内となるように割合を調整することを特徴とする、請求項7に記載の海洋浮遊プラスチックごみを使用した合成樹脂成形品の製造方法。
- 選別した海洋浮遊プラスチックごみ、及び、第二材料に対して乾燥工程を実施してそれらの含水率を7%以下とし、その後、破砕することを特徴とする、請求項6又は請求項7に記載の海洋浮遊プラスチックごみを使用した合成樹脂成形品の製造方法。
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US17/757,332 US20230013398A1 (en) | 2019-12-16 | 2020-12-09 | Method for producing synthetic resin molded article in which marine floating plastic waste is used |
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CN202080086692.XA CN114829098A (zh) | 2019-12-16 | 2020-12-09 | 利用海洋浮游塑料垃圾的合成树脂成形品的制造方法 |
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EP4056343A1 (en) | 2022-09-14 |
CN114829098A (zh) | 2022-07-29 |
JP2021094719A (ja) | 2021-06-24 |
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