WO2021121402A1 - 厂房车身和车辆零部件喷涂的烘干处理程序 - Google Patents

厂房车身和车辆零部件喷涂的烘干处理程序 Download PDF

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WO2021121402A1
WO2021121402A1 PCT/CN2020/137716 CN2020137716W WO2021121402A1 WO 2021121402 A1 WO2021121402 A1 WO 2021121402A1 CN 2020137716 W CN2020137716 W CN 2020137716W WO 2021121402 A1 WO2021121402 A1 WO 2021121402A1
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Prior art keywords
vehicle
vehicle body
support
heating channel
statement
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PCT/CN2020/137716
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English (en)
French (fr)
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WO2021121402A9 (zh
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仇云杰
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江苏长虹智能装备股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2021121402A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021121402A1/zh
Publication of WO2021121402A9 publication Critical patent/WO2021121402A9/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B15/00—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form
    • F26B15/10—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in a path composed of one or more straight lines, e.g. compound, the movement being in alternate horizontal and vertical directions
    • F26B15/12—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in a path composed of one or more straight lines, e.g. compound, the movement being in alternate horizontal and vertical directions the lines being all horizontal or slightly inclined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B13/00—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
    • B05B13/02—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work
    • B05B13/04—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work the spray heads being moved during spraying operation
    • B05B13/0442—Installation or apparatus for applying liquid or other fluent material to separate articles rotated during spraying operation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B13/00—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
    • B05B13/02—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work
    • B05B13/04—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work the spray heads being moved during spraying operation
    • B05B13/0447—Installation or apparatus for applying liquid or other fluent material to conveyed separate articles
    • B05B13/0452—Installation or apparatus for applying liquid or other fluent material to conveyed separate articles the conveyed articles being vehicle bodies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/02—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D3/02—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by baking
    • B05D3/0254—After-treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/14—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to metal, e.g. car bodies
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B2210/00—Drying processes and machines for solid objects characterised by the specific requirements of the drying good
    • F26B2210/12—Vehicle bodies, e.g. after being painted

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a workshop suitable for spraying vehicle bodywork or drying vehicle parts according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • vehicle belongs to and is closely related to the world automobile industry. According to examples and non-exhaustive lists, “vehicle” refers to cars, vans, trucks, passenger cabins, agricultural machinery such as tractors, bulldozers Wait.
  • this description is carried out in a non-limiting manner, especially concerning the spraying and drying treatment of the vehicle body and the vehicle body related thereto.
  • the car body will be subjected to various spraying treatments, so it is necessary to dry the spray paint.
  • oven-type drying is carried out by providing a continuous channel furnace, through which the car body is propelled through the treatment method, while being supported by a special bracket.
  • drying ovens are passages that have been opened at the end, allowing the car body to enter and exit the drying oven continuously, or adjust according to the production capacity (called “start-stop” in the jargon), and have ventilation or Forced air inlet device to standardize the temperature in the heating channel as much as possible.
  • This solution includes:
  • -It is necessary to build a drying furnace with a long baking channel, which increases the manufacturing cost, size, and at least part of the energy consumption.
  • the problem under this invention is to design a workshop for drying treatment of body spraying or vehicle parts.
  • This method has structural and functional characteristics and can avoid the shortcomings of the current technology while meeting the above requirements.
  • the plant can solve this problem according to the instructions in statement 1, that is, it can be used for drying treatment of body or vehicle parts spraying.
  • - Figure 1 shows a perspective view of the inside of the heating channel of the drying furnace of a factory building according to the present invention.
  • - Figure 2 shows a flat cross-sectional view of the above-mentioned drying tunnel, showing the car body supported by relevant supports inside;
  • - Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of the body support and a simplified front view, while supporting the body to show the roof upward;
  • FIG. 4 shows the view of Figure 4, with the body support rotated 180° so that the roof faces down;
  • - Figure 5 shows a schematic diagram and simplified side view of the body support, because it will be joined in the direction of the body to show the roof upward;
  • - Figure 7 shows the view of Figure 6, supporting the body to rotate 180° so that the roof of the body faces downward.
  • 1 refers to the factory building where the body or vehicle parts are sprayed and dried on a global scale.
  • the car body refers to the "semi-finished product" when it leaves the painting line, including all parts of the platform and the outer car body, such as the roof and engine hood, which must be dried.
  • Plant 1 includes:
  • the heating method related to the channel 2 is to heat the inside of the channel 2 at a temperature suitable for spray drying treatment
  • the first driving method 4 is used to move the support of the vehicle body 3 in the heating channel 2 in order according to the feed path extending from the inlet opening to the outlet opening.
  • the drying furnace includes a transverse duct 7 for blowing hot air into the channel 2 and an air extraction duct 8 at the top.
  • the above-mentioned lateral blowing and duct 7 are equipped with related blowing and suction vents, through which the air circulation in the heating channel 2 is ensured.
  • each support of the body 3 includes:
  • the first part 3a is equipped with a body B for extending between the two ends, in the longitudinal direction X-X and
  • the second part 3b can be combined with the first drive to translate, then the first drive method 4 moves to the feeding path of the heating channel 2,
  • the first part 3a of the supporting body 3 is supported by 3b, and the first part 3a is allowed to rotate relative to the second part 3b through a plug-in hinge connection method, so as to allow the change of the first part 3a. Angular positioning, relative to the second part 3b.
  • the above-mentioned hinge refers to allowing relative rotation (3) of the above-mentioned support of the first part 3a, relative to the second part 3b around the rotation axis RR, when the support 3 is located in the heating channel 2 When inside, it extends in the longitudinal direction XX.
  • the first part 3a which engages and supports the body B, supports the body 3 to be offset by a preset distance L, preferably the distance from the above-mentioned rotation axis RR is 200mm to 800mm. Therefore, when the first part 3a supports the body B, the above-mentioned rotation axis RR It may intersect the contour part of the vehicle body B supported therein, and more preferably intersect the center of gravity of the vehicle body B.
  • the first part 3a supported by the vehicle body 3 includes an adjustment method. It is preferable to choose a screw adjustment to allow adjustment of the preset distance L. This method is used to engage and support the first part 3a of the vehicle body B from the rotation axis RR, In order to ensure that the aforementioned rotation axis RR passes through the center of gravity of the vehicle body B.
  • the possibility of adjusting the aforementioned distance L allows the correct distance to be used when the vehicle changes in different shapes, thereby avoiding the need to replace or modify the support part of the body 3.
  • the above-mentioned first driving method 4 constitutes a chain driving device, which is suitable for the joining and clamping part of the second part 3b supported by the vehicle body 3 to drive along the feeding path in the above-mentioned heating channel 2.
  • a different movement method from the above-mentioned chain conveyor can be considered.
  • the plant 1 includes a driving method 5 that allows the first part 3a of the support of the vehicle body 3 to rotate around the longitudinal axis of rotation RR, thereby assuming the angular positioning required for the first part 3a, and the vehicle body B is supported by it, in the heating channel 2 Internal rotation.
  • the manual control element 5 is installed on the aforementioned support frame of the vehicle body 3, and/or
  • the above-mentioned driving method includes installing the manipulated element on the body support 3, which can be driven by a fixed driving element along the feeding path, preferably near the inlet opening and the outlet opening of the heating channel 2.
  • the first part 3a supports the relevant vehicle body B, and is assumed to be angularly positioned relative to the relevant second part 3b around the rotation axis RR in order to locate the relevant support vehicle body B, thereby identifying the aforementioned vehicle
  • the roof of the vehicle faces the middle and lower part of the heating channel 2. Therefore, the vehicle body part recognizes that the vehicle floor faces the lower part of the heating channel 2, as shown in FIG. 2.
  • the method of supporting the first portion 3a of the distance L passes through the center of gravity from the rotation axis R-R or the center of gravity of the vehicle body B nearby, which facilitates the rotation of the vehicle body B, and is related to the first portion 3a of the vehicle body 3 supported.
  • the factory building 1 also includes a second driving method, which can move the above-mentioned body 3 from the lower part station of the opening exit to the upper part station located near the entrance opening of the above-mentioned heating channel 2.
  • the above-mentioned second driving method can be separated from the previous first driving method 4, or it can also be identified by the return branch of the above-mentioned first driving method. In this case, the method will identify the Circular path.
  • the process of drying paint on the vehicle body or vehicle parts includes:
  • the advantage is that, according to the above statement, the above-mentioned body B is supported and moved in the heating channel of the drying oven, and the body part of the vehicle B has a thicker plate and/or thicker box shape. Therefore, the body part of the vehicle B There are thicker plates and/or more box-shaped parts located in the upper part of the heating channel 2 and at a higher temperature.
  • the body of the aforementioned vehicle B is supported and moved in the heating channel 2 of the aforementioned drying oven in order to:
  • the body B includes the roof and the body parts of the vehicle B, which is close to the roof, and the thickness of the metal plates of these parts is smaller than that of the remaining parts of the body.
  • the above-mentioned vehicle body B is supported and moved into the heating tunnel 2 of the drying oven in order to identify the components of the vehicle facing downwards.
  • the present invention involves the step of rotating the angular positioning of the vehicle body B, and the vehicle body 3 is supported by the first body part 3a so that the vehicle body part of the vehicle B recognizes that the direction is downward, thereby identifying the vehicle body part closest to the upper floor of the vehicle.
  • the vehicle body is supported before entering the heating channel 2 and/or at the entrance of the heating channel 2.
  • a subsequent step is performed on the positioning of the body B.
  • This step is supported by the first part 3a of the body 3, so that the body part of the returning vehicle B recognizes that the roof is facing upward, thereby identifying the closest car
  • the bottom part of the body faces downwards.
  • the vehicle body B is positioned to support the body.
  • the procedure of the spray drying treatment of the car body is carried out according to the method described in the plant 1.
  • the plant's surface treatment of parts according to the present invention and the procedures described in the present invention allow to meet the above requirements while overcoming the shortcomings introduced under this description and proceed with reference to current technology.
  • the paint of the vehicle body is dried while the body is rotating, so as to show the part of the bottom closest to the roof and the part of the body closest to the top floor, with thicker plates and/or more in the highest and hottest part of the furnace.
  • Multi-box parts that is, the parts of the car body with greater heat capacity, require a greater heat supply, even in the core area, to achieve the temperature required for the best drying of the paint in the expected time.
  • the body parts with a smaller thickness are located in the middle and lower part of the drying oven, so even if the temperature is lower than the upper part of the drying oven, these parts can be painted to achieve the best drying.
  • another advantage of the device is that since the temperature of the air entering the drying furnace is relatively low, and the number of air recirculations per hour is low, the maximum operating temperature of the drying furnace can be lowered compared with before. At the same time, it can obtain the best paint drying and save a lot of heat and electricity. Since the temperature of the air entering the furnace is lower, the amount of air recirculation per hour is reduced, so more ventilators need to be used.
  • Another advantage is that it is possible to place car body parts with higher heat capacity in the hottest part of the upper part of the drying oven, so that the car body parts can be quickly and optimally heated and dried.
  • another advantage of the plant is simple structure, good running time, easy maintenance, and low manufacturing cost.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)

Abstract

对车身喷涂进行烘干处理的厂房(1)包括：加热通道炉(2)车身支撑(3)驱动装置(4)用于在所述的加热通道(2)内按顺序移动该支撑。优势是每个支撑(3)包括：第一部分(3a)配备用于接合和支持车身(B)的方法，以及第二部分(3b)，可以与第一驱动方法(4)共同进行平移，以移动到加热通道内部(2)，其中所述的第一部分(3a)支撑(3)以插接铰链连接方法由第二部分(3b)支撑适合所述第一部分(3a)的相对旋转，就所述第二部分(3b)而言，轴(R-R)与运行方向平行。

Description

无标题
本发明涉及根据权利声明1中的序言所述，适用于车辆车身喷涂或对车辆零部件进行烘干处理的厂房。
该发明范围之内，该术语“车辆”从属于世界汽车行业并与其密切相关，根据例证和非详尽清单而言，“车辆”指的是汽车、面包车、卡车、客舱、农业机械如拖拉机、推土机等。
为了简单起见，本说明采用非限制方式进行，尤其是涉及车辆以及与之相关的车辆车身喷涂烘干处理。
作为汽车制造的一部分，车身会受到各种喷涂处理，所以有必要进行喷漆的烘干处理。
一般而言，炉式烘干是通过提供连续通道形式的炉进行，通过该炉，通过处理方法推进车身，同时由特殊支架支撑。
关于上述烘干炉，应当指出，它们是末端已被打开的通道，允许车身连续进出该烘干炉，或根据生产能力进行调整(在行话中称为"启停")，其内部有通风或强制进气装置，以尽量使加热通道内的温度标准化。
然而，在确保整个流量进行大约300次空气循环的同时，在加热通道内有一个相当显著的温度梯度，即使温度在30℃左右，由于该通道的高度可能在2米或2米以上变化，在加热通道的下部和上部之间也有一个ΔT。
显然，鉴于在箱子等零部件或较厚的板材内进行喷漆烘干需要的时间，有必要确保炉内在每个高度处达到所需的最低温度值，这意味着在烘干炉的所有点都达到预设的加热温度，因此烘干炉的上部，由于烘干时间过长，可在更小的时间内达到高于要求的温度。
就车身和后层喷漆而言，该方法不会引起问题，但由于烘干炉通道内存在分层热空气，则无法降低上述热梯度，因此会造成大量能源浪费。此外，还必须考虑能源支出，以确保上述空气在加热通道内循环。
鉴于上述情况，显然如今需要的是连续或是不连续的烘干炉，且能够在“静止空气”的条件下烘干尤其，或减少空气再循环，虽然可节省大量的能源，避免在高于实际温度下使用烘干炉，并在预计时间内，加热通道内的每个车身持久加热，确保对车身的所有点进行最优烘干。
为了满足上述要求，从而降低炉内的热梯度，提出了降低炉内工作温度的解决方案，通过相应增加每个涂装车身炉内的持续时间。此解决方案包括：
-从定性的角度来看接受妥协，因为喷漆的金属零件具有更大的厚度，无法达到预期的烘干时间，
-需要建造具有较长烘烤通道的烘干炉，从而增加了制造成本、尺寸，至少使得部分能耗增加。
该发明下的问题是，设计一个厂房用于烘干处理车身喷涂或车辆零部件，该方法具有结构和功能特性，在满足上述要求的同时可避免现行技术的缺点。
厂房可根据声明1中的说明解决此问题，即用于烘干处理车身或车辆零部件喷涂。
另一方面，根据声明10，该问题也可被解决。
该厂房的特点和优势，车辆零部件的表面处理可根据本发明，以及根据本发明的过程将产生一些优选实例，以非限制的方式进行并参照所附的数字，其中：
-图1显示了根据本发明对厂房烘干炉加热通道内部的透视图。
-图2显示了上述烘干道通的平坦横截面视图，内部显示了由相关支撑所支撑的车身；
-图3显示了车身支撑的示意图和简化前视图，同时支撑车身，以便朝上显示车顶；
-图4显示了图4的视图，其车身支撑旋转180°，使车顶朝下；
-图5显示了车身支撑的示意图和简化侧视图，因为即将与车身方向接合，以便朝上显示车顶；
-图6显示了图5的视图，支撑车身的方法并已接合车身，以及
-图7显示了图6的视图，支撑车身旋转180°，使车身车顶朝下。
关于所附数字，1从全局上表示烘干处理车身或车辆部件喷漆的厂房。
特别提出的是，车身是指在离开涂装线时的“半成品”，包括平台和外部车身的所有部分，如车顶、发动机罩等，必须进行烘干处理。
厂房1包括：
-加热通道2的烘干炉，入口开口和出口开口之间纵向X-X延伸；
-与所述通道2相关的加热方法，在适合进行喷漆烘干处理的温度下，使通道2内部加热；
-车身3的多个支撑(用行话称为“滑橇”)，旨在支撑要进行烘干的车辆B的车身，以及
-第一驱动方法4用于移动车身3的支撑，在所述加热通道2内按顺序根据从入口开口延伸到出口开口的进料路径。
根据图2所示，烘干炉包括用于将热空气吹入通道2的横向管道7和位于顶部的空气提取管道8。上述侧向吹风和管道7配备相关的吹气和吸气通风口，通过这些通风口确保加热通道2内的空气循环。
优势在于，车身3的每个支撑包括：
-第一部分3a配备用于在两端之间延伸的车身B，在该纵向方向X-X和
-第二部分3b，可以与所述第一驱动联合平移，则第一驱动方法4移动到所述加热通道2的给料路径，
其中所述的支撑车身3的第一部分3a由3b支撑，通过插接铰链连接方法适合允许所述的第一部分3a的相对于所述的第二部分3b旋转，以便允许改变所述第一部分3a的角定位，相对于所述第二部分3b而言。
根据优选方案，上述铰链指的是允许对所述第一部分3a的上述支撑进行相对旋转(3)，相对于所述第二部分3b围绕旋转轴R-R，当所述支撑3位于所述加热通道2内时，在所述纵向X-X中延伸。
接合和支撑车身B的第一部分3a支撑车身3被预设距离L抵消，最好与上述旋转轴R-R的距离为200mm至800mm，因此，当所述第一部分3a支撑车身B时，上述旋转轴R-R可与其中所支撑的上述车身B的轮廓部分相交，更好的是与该车身B的重心相交。
所述车身3支撑的第一部分3a包括调整方法，最好选择螺钉他调整，以允许调整上述预设距离L，该方法用于接合和支撑从上述旋转轴R-R来的车身B的第一部分3a，以便确保上述旋转轴R-R穿过车身B的重心。
调整上述距离L的可能性，允许在车辆在不同形状发生变化时可采用正确的距离，从而避免需要更换或修改车身3的支撑部分。
需要指出的是，让纵向旋转轴R-R通过所支撑车身B的重心，可以最大限度地减少旋转所需的工作，即将第一部分3a和车身角B定位到它所支撑的第二部分3b，该方向由上述第一驱动方式4驱动。
根据优选实例，上述第一驱动方法4组成链条驱动装置，适用于车身3支撑的第二部分3b的接合夹持部分，以沿上述加热通道2内的进料路径驱动。或者，可以考虑采用与上述链条输送机不同的移动方式。
厂房1包括驱动方法5，允许上述车身3的上述支撑的第一部分3a围绕上述纵向旋转轴R-R旋转，从而假设第一部分3a所需的角度定位，以及车身B由它支撑，在所述加热通道2内旋转。
可取方案：
-手动操纵元件5安装在车身3的上述支撑架上，和/或
-安装在车身3的支架上的电动驱动元件。
或者，上述驱动方法包括操纵的原件安装在车身支撑3上，可由固定的驱动原件运行沿着所述的给料路径，最好在所述加热通道2的进口开口和出口开口附近。
当上述车身3的支撑位于加热通道2内时，第一部分3a支撑相关车身B，并假定围绕旋转轴R-R相对于相关的第二部分3b进行角度定位，以便定位相关支撑车身B，从而识别上述车顶，该车顶面向上述加热通道2的中下部分，因此，车身部分识别所述车辆底板面向上述加热通道2的下部，如图2所示。
在这种情况下，上述距离L的第一部分3a的支撑方法从旋转轴R-R通过重心或附近所述车身B的重心，有利于上述车身B的旋转，与车身3的支撑的第一部分3a相关。
厂房1还包括第二驱动方法，可将上述车身3从开口出口下件站移动到位于上述加热通道2进口开口附近的上件站。
应当指出的是，上述第二驱动方法可以与之前的第一驱动方法4分开，或者，也可以由上述第一驱动方法的返回分支识别，在这种情况下，该方法将识别水平平面中的环形路径。
另一个方面，在车辆车身或车辆部件上烘干油漆的过程包括：
-准备连续或间断性的加热烘干炉2；
-为车身B提供支撑3；
-定位和支撑喷漆车身B在车身3的所述支撑上烘干；
-移动所述支撑车身3和所述车身B沿说所述加热通道2烘干，以及
-保持上述支撑车身3和所述车身B在所述加热通道的时间足以烘干油漆。
优势在于，根据上述声明，上述车身B在所述烘干炉的加热通道内支撑和移动，车辆B的车身部分有较厚的板材和/或更厚的箱形，因此，车辆B的车身部分有较厚的板材和/或更多的箱形部件位于加热通道2的上部和较高温度下。
因此，上述车辆B的车身在上述烘干炉的加热通道2内支撑和移动，以便：
-在所述烘干炉通道的最高和最热的区域内，有较厚的板材和/或更多的箱形零件的车辆B的车身，以及
-在较低区域且所述烘干炉通道温度较低时，车身B包括车顶和车辆B的车身部件，领近所述车顶，这些部件的金属板厚度小于车身其余部件。
换言之，上述车身B被支撑并移到所述烘干炉的加热通道2内，以便识别车辆朝下的部件。
本发明所涉及旋转该车身B的角定位的步骤，由该车身第一部分3a支撑车身3，以便使车辆B的车身部分识别到方向朝下，从而识别最接近车面朝上地板的车身部分。
在此条目上，一个好的方法是指定车辆B的车身，喷漆后移动最重的部分，也就是说组成了一个平台，方向朝下。原因一是稳定，另一方面在操作上可避免损坏部件，如车顶或引擎盖。然而，与目前已知车辆的车身喷涂的烘干处理不同，根据本发明专利，在支撑车辆B车身时对车身漆进行烘干处理，以便呈现最重的部分，即由平台组成的部分朝上。
上述首次车身B角度定位旋转的步骤，在进入所述加热通道2和/或在该加热通道2开始的进口处之前，支撑所述车身。
根据本发明专利的程序，设想在该车身B的定位上进行后续步骤，该步骤由该车身3的第一部分3a支撑，以便返回车辆B的车身部分部分识别车顶朝上，从而识别最接近车底的车身部分朝下。
上述旋转步骤的后续时间，退出所述加热通道2和/或外部或退出上述加热隧道2之前，所述车辆车身B的定位支撑车身。
车身喷涂烘干处理的所述程序根据厂房1中所描述的方法进行。
如所描述的，厂房根据本发明对部件进行表面处理，以及根据本发明中所描述的程序，允许满足上述要求，同时克服本说明下介绍的缺点，并参照现行技术进行。
事实上，在车身旋转时烘干车辆车身的油漆，以便呈现底部最接近车顶的部分和最接近顶部地板的车身部分，在炉道最高和最热的部分具有较厚的板材和/或更多箱形零件，即具有更大热容量的车身部分，需要更大的热量供应，即使在核心区域上，也可实现在预期时间内实现最佳烘干油漆所需的温度。同时，厚度较小的车身部件位于烘干炉的中下部，因此，即使温度低于烘干炉的上部，也可以将这些部件喷漆实现最佳烘干。
本发明下，该装置的另一个优点是，由于进入烘干炉的空气温度较低，且每小时的空气再循环数量较低，因此，与之前相比能够降低烘干炉的最大操作温度，同时能够获得最佳的油漆烘干，并节省大量热能和电能。由于进入炉体的空气温度较低，每小时空气再循环数量减少，因此需要使用更多的通风机。
另一个优点是有可能将具有较高热容量的车身部件放置在烘干炉的上部最热部分，以便对有关车身部件进行快速、优化的加热烘干。
根据本发明，该厂房的另一个优势在于结构简单，可确保良好的运行时间，易于维护，制造成本低。
显然，本领域技术人员为了满足各种需求，将能够根据本发明以及根据上述发明步骤对厂房进行多次更改和变化，但所有变更都包含在以下声明所定义的保护范围内。

Claims (17)

  1. 厂房车身和车辆零部件喷涂的烘干处理程序，所述厂房包括：
    -有加热通道(2)的烘干炉，根据入口开口和出口开口之间的流行纵向方向(X-X)延伸；
    -与该通道有关的加热方法(2)使该通道(2)加热至适合进行油漆烘干处理的温度；
    -车身的多个支撑(3)，旨在支撑要烘干的喷漆车辆(B)的车身；
    -第一驱动方法(4)根据从入口开口到出口开口的进料路径，在该加热通道(2)内按顺序移动车身支撑(3)；
    特点在于，车身(3)的每个支撑的组成：
    -第一部分(3a)配备接合和支撑车身(B)，相反头端在所述纵向方向(X-X)延伸，以及
    -第二部分(3b)，可以与第一驱动方法(4)共同进行平移，并沿着进料路径在加热通道(2)的内部移动，
    其中，所述车身(3)支撑的第一部分(3a)由第二部分(3b)通过插接铰链连接方法支撑，并适合第一部分(3a)相对于所述的第二部分(3b)相对旋转，可允许改变第一部分(3a)相对于说第二部分(3b)的角度定位。
  2. 根据声明1，厂房中所述的铰链指的是着允许第一部分(3a)的所述支撑的相对旋转，相对于所述第二部分(3b)围绕一个旋转轴(R-R)，当所述支撑(3)在所述加热通道(2)内，在所述纵向方向(X-X)上大大扩展。
  3. 根据声明2，厂房中所述的第一部分(3a)指的是接合和支撑车身(B)按预设距离(L)交错，根据所述旋转轴(RR)，且距离最好在200到800mm之间，以便所述第一部分(3a)支撑车身(B)，上述旋转轴(RR)与所述车身(B)的轮廓部分相交，最好通过车身重心，由车身(3)支撑。
  4. 根据声明3，厂房中所述的车身支撑的第一部分(3a)包含可调节方法，最好使用螺丝调整，从而可允许接合和支撑车身(B)的预设距离可调整，沿着所述旋转轴(R-R)的第一部分(3a)。
  5. 根据声明1-4，厂房包括的驱动方法(5)可允许支撑车身(3)的所述支撑的第一部分(3a)沿着纵向旋转轴(R-R)旋转，关于第二部分(3b)，并假设该第一部分(3a)和支持的车辆车身(B)在该加热通道(2)内所需的角度定位。
  6. 根据声明5，厂房中所述的驱动方法包含：
    -安装在车身(3)支撑上的手动操纵元件；
    -安装在车身(3)支撑上的电动操纵元件，或
    -安装在该车身(3)支撑上的操纵元件，由沿该进料路径定位的固定驱动元件操作，最好靠近所述的入口开口和出口开口的加热通道(2)。
  7. 根据声明1-6，厂房中所述的车身(3)支撑位于加热通道(2)内：
    -由所述一部分(3a)支撑车身(B)，在该车辆车身(B)中可识别车顶部件和平台的反方向部件，以及
    -所述第一部分(3a)的角度定位相对于所述第二部分(3b)，以便相关的车身(B)定位，使得车身识别所述的车顶朝向加热通道(2)的中下部，因此，车身可识别所述的车辆平台，该平台面向该加热通道(2)的上部。
  8. 根据声明3或4和声明7，相对于支撑所述车身(3)的第一部分(3a)，厂房中所述的旋转轴(R-R)穿过重心或在车身的重心附近，以便促进车身(B)旋转。
  9. 根据声明1-8中的任意一项，厂房包含的第二驱动方法是从下件站回程的车身(3)移动支撑在所述的加热通道(2)的出口开口和进口开口处。
  10. 厂房车身和车辆零部件喷涂的烘干处理程序，所述的程序包含以下步骤：
    -准备一个连续的或者间断的加热烘干炉(2)；
    -准备车身(3)的支撑；
    -车身(3)的所述支撑，以及所述车身(B)沿着所述烘干炉的加热通道(2)移动，以及
    -保持车身(3)的所述支撑和所述加热通道(2)的所述车身(B)一段时间，使得时间足够进行喷漆烘干，
    特点在于，车身(3)在所述烘干炉的加热通道(2)内移动并被支撑，车身部件(B)的板材较厚和/或更多的箱形朝上，因此，车身部件(B)中较厚的板材和/或更多的箱形应位于加热通道(2)的上部，且温度较高。
  11. 根据声明10，程序中车身(B)在加热通道(2)内移动并被支撑，以便：
    -在所述烘干炉加热通道(2)的最高和最热区域，车身(B)的板材较厚和/或由大量的箱形部件，以及
    -在所述烘干炉中的较低区域且温度较低，车身(B)包含车顶和车身(B)邻近的所述车顶。
  12. 根据声明11，程序中的车身(B)在烘干炉的加热通道(2)内移动并被支撑，以便部件识别朝下的车顶。
  13. 根据声明10-12中的任意一项，程序包含第一次旋转车身(B)的定位，由所述车身(3)的第一部分(3a)支撑，以便车身可识别到车顶朝下，以及车身最靠近车顶的部分朝下。
  14. 根据声明13，程序包含在进入该加热通道和/或入口或该加热通道开始时，先进行所述车身(B)的定位，由所述车身(3)的第一部分(3a)支撑。
  15. 根据声明13或14，程序中的所述方法包括随后旋转后续时间，该车身(B)的定位由所述第一部分(3a)支撑车身(3)，以便带回车身(B)并识别到车顶朝上，因此，车身最靠近车顶的部分朝下。
  16. 根据声明15，程序包含的第二次旋转，从所述加热通道(2)和/或从该加热通道(2)出口之前，所述车身(B)支撑该车身定位。
  17. 根据声明10-16中的任意一项，通过厂房(1)对车身和车辆零部件的喷涂进行烘干处理程序，根据声明1-9中的任意一项。
PCT/CN2020/137716 2019-12-20 2020-12-18 厂房车身和车辆零部件喷涂的烘干处理程序 WO2021121402A1 (zh)

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