WO2021121342A1 - 一种线性致动器的刹车装置和线性致动器 - Google Patents

一种线性致动器的刹车装置和线性致动器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021121342A1
WO2021121342A1 PCT/CN2020/137393 CN2020137393W WO2021121342A1 WO 2021121342 A1 WO2021121342 A1 WO 2021121342A1 CN 2020137393 W CN2020137393 W CN 2020137393W WO 2021121342 A1 WO2021121342 A1 WO 2021121342A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
torsion spring
spring seat
linear actuator
rotating screw
brake device
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PCT/CN2020/137393
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
胡仁昌
陆小健
赵新星
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浙江捷昌线性驱动科技股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2021121342A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021121342A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D55/00—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
    • F16D55/02—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H25/00—Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms
    • F16H25/18—Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms for conveying or interconverting oscillating or reciprocating motions
    • F16H25/20—Screw mechanisms
    • F16H25/24—Elements essential to such mechanisms, e.g. screws, nuts
    • F16H25/2454—Brakes; Rotational locks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/06—Means for converting reciprocating motion into rotary motion or vice versa
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
    • H02K7/102—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with friction brakes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D55/00—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
    • F16D2055/0004—Parts or details of disc brakes
    • F16D2055/0041—Resilient elements interposed directly between the actuating member and the brake support, e.g. anti-rattle springs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D55/00—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
    • F16D2055/0075—Constructional features of axially engaged brakes
    • F16D2055/0079—Constructional features of axially engaged brakes with braking members arranged non-symmetrically with respect to the rotor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a brake device of a linear actuator and a linear actuator, belonging to the field of linear actuator equipment.
  • Linear actuators are currently widely used in various fields, including electric lift tables, electric beds, electric sofas, etc.
  • the structure of this linear actuator usually includes a drive motor, a rotating screw, and a transmission nut.
  • the drive motor drives the rotating wire.
  • the rod rotates, and when the rotating screw rod rotates, the transmission nut is driven to move axially, and the transmission nut can be connected to the driving object, thereby achieving the driving purpose.
  • linear actuators are more and more widely used.
  • common linear actuators include electric push rods.
  • Common electric push rods use torsion springs for self-locking.
  • a self-locking electric actuator disclosed in Chinese invention patent CN204947822U The push rod includes a transmission worm wheel and a screw rod.
  • the screw rod is provided with a torsion spring. With this structure, self-locking can be achieved by the torsion spring.
  • the torsion spring contacts the transmission worm wheel, and the electric push rod extends
  • the torsion spring collides with the transmission worm wheel to generate noise, and the sound and current of the electric push rod are inconsistent in the extended and retracted states, which affects the use and makes it inconvenient to use.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a linear actuator brake device, which is convenient to use.
  • the preferred structure of the brake device of the linear actuator of the present invention includes a first torsion spring seat, a torsion spring, a second torsion spring seat and a friction member, and the second torsion spring seat is used to interact with the linear actuator.
  • the rotating screw rod of the device is relatively fixed. In the free state, the torsion spring and the first torsion spring seat and the second torsion spring seat are in an interference fit.
  • the first The torsion spring seat does not rotate, and when the rotating screw rotates in the reverse direction, the torsion spring is tightly held, the second torsion spring seat, the torsion spring, and the first torsion spring seat rotate synchronously, and the first torsion spring seat is in contact with the friction member To generate friction.
  • the brake device of the linear actuator of the present invention includes a first torsion spring seat, a torsion spring, a second torsion spring seat and a friction member, and the second torsion spring seat is used to interact with the linear actuator
  • the rotating screw rod is relatively fixed, that is, the second torsion spring seat can rotate together with the rotating screw rod.
  • the torsion spring is an interference fit with the first torsion spring seat and the second torsion spring seat, so that The first torsion spring seat and the second torsion spring seat can be relatively fixed by a torsion spring.
  • the free state refers to the state when the rotating screw does not rotate. When the rotating screw rotates in the positive direction, the torsion spring is released.
  • the first torsion spring seat does not rotate, and when the rotating screw rotates in the reverse direction, the torsion spring is held tightly, and the second torsion spring seat, the torsion spring, and the first torsion spring seat rotate synchronously, wherein the forward rotation refers to rotation
  • the linear actuator is in an extended state.
  • Reverse rotation means that when the rotating screw rod rotates in this direction, the linear actuator is in a contracted state, and the first torsion spring seat is in contact with the friction member. In order to generate friction, that is, self-locking is realized by the friction between the first torsion spring seat and the friction member.
  • the rotating screw when in use, the rotating screw is subjected to two forces, one is the axial force in the axial direction, and the other is the torque that makes the rotating screw rotate in the opposite direction.
  • the rotating screw Under the action of the axial force, the rotating screw The rod moves in the opposite direction or has a tendency to move in the opposite direction relative to the direction in which it extends, so that the first torsion spring seat and the friction member are pressed against each other to generate friction, and the friction between the first torsion spring seat and the friction member Under the action of force, the torque that causes the rotating screw to rotate in the reverse direction is offset, preventing the reverse rotation of the rotating screw, thereby achieving self-locking.
  • the axial direction is not The force of the load is not tightly pressed between the first torsion spring seat and the friction member, so that the friction force between them is small or not, and the torsion force of the drive motor is sufficient to overcome the friction force at this time to allow the rotating screw to expand and contract normally.
  • the commonly used linear actuator is provided with a gear that drives the rotating screw to rotate, and the gear and the torsion spring are in contact with each other.
  • the torsion spring does not contact the gear that drives the rotating screw to rotate, and linear actuation
  • the actuator achieves normal contraction by overcoming the small frictional force between the first torsion spring seat and the friction member, so that there is no noise between the torsion spring and the gear when the linear actuator is extended and retracted, and the linear actuator is in extension.
  • the sound and current in the two states of out and retracted are the same, which does not affect the use, making the use more convenient.
  • the first torsion spring seat and the friction member are in contact with each other.
  • the second torsion spring seat includes a flat hole, and the rotating screw rod is inserted into the flat hole.
  • a plane bearing is provided between the first torsion spring seat and the second torsion spring seat.
  • the invention also discloses a linear actuator, which includes a first sleeve, a second sleeve, a rotating screw rod, a transmission nut, a transmission gear and a driving motor.
  • the driving motor drives the rotating screw rod to rotate through the movement of the driving transmission gear.
  • the transmission nut is driven to move axially, and the transmission nut moves to drive the first sleeve and the second sleeve to expand and contract relatively.
  • the rotating screw rod is equipped with any one of the above-mentioned brake devices.
  • a spline connection is adopted between the gear and the rotating screw, so that the gear is circumferentially fixed with respect to the rotating screw.
  • a pin is used for positioning between the spline and the rotating screw rod.
  • the linear actuator further includes a housing, and the friction member and the housing are an integral structure or the friction member and the housing are fixedly connected.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a brake device of the embodiment
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the second torsion spring seat in the brake device of the first embodiment
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the first torsion spring seat in the brake device of the first embodiment
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the spline in the linear actuator of the third embodiment
  • Figure 6 is a side view of the spline in the linear actuator of the third embodiment
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the rotating screw rod in the linear actuator of the third embodiment
  • Fig. 9 is a partial enlarged view of Fig. 8.
  • the preferred structure of the brake device of the linear actuator of this embodiment includes a first torsion spring seat 3, a torsion spring 4, a second torsion spring seat 5, and a friction member.
  • the second torsion spring seat 5 is used for Since it is relatively fixed to the rotating screw rod 1 of the linear actuator, in the free state, the torsion spring 4 is in an interference fit with the first torsion spring seat 3 and the second torsion spring seat 5, and the screw rod 1 is rotated.
  • the first torsion spring seat 3 When rotating in the forward direction, the first torsion spring seat 3 does not rotate, and when the rotating screw 1 rotates in the reverse direction, the torsion spring 4 is held tightly, and the second torsion spring seat 5, the torsion spring 4, and the first torsion spring The seat 3 rotates synchronously, and the first torsion spring seat 3 is in contact with the friction member to generate friction.
  • the brake device of the linear actuator of the present invention includes a first torsion spring seat 3, a torsion spring 4, a second torsion spring seat 5 and a friction member.
  • the second torsion spring seat 5 is used to interact with the linear
  • the rotating screw rod 1 of the actuator is relatively fixed, that is, the second torsion spring seat 5 can rotate together with the rotating screw rod 1, and the torsion spring 4 is between the first torsion spring seat 3 and the second torsion spring seat 5
  • the interference fit enables the first torsion spring seat 3 and the second torsion spring seat 5 to be relatively fixed by the torsion spring 4 when the torsion spring 4 is held tightly.
  • the free state refers to the state when the rotating screw is not rotating.
  • the first torsion spring seat 3 When the rotating screw 1 rotates in the forward direction, the first torsion spring seat 3 does not rotate, and when the rotating screw 1 rotates in the reverse direction, the torsion spring 4 is held tightly, and the second torsion spring seat 5, the torsion spring 4 ,
  • the first torsion spring seat 3 rotates synchronously, where forward rotation means that when the rotating screw rotates in this direction, the linear actuator is in an extended state, and reverse rotation means that when the rotating screw rotates in this direction, the linear actuator is in the extended state.
  • the actuator is in a contracted state, and the first torsion spring seat 3 is in contact with the friction member to generate friction, that is, self-locking is realized by the friction between the first torsion spring seat 3 and the friction member.
  • the rotating screw 1 when in use, the rotating screw 1 is subjected to two forces, one is the axial force in the axial direction, and the other is the torque that causes the rotating screw 1 to rotate in the opposite direction. Under the action of the axial force, The rotating screw 1 moves in the opposite direction or has a tendency to move in the opposite direction, so that the first torsion spring seat 3 and the friction member are pressed against each other to generate friction. Under the action of the friction between the parts, the torque that causes the rotating screw 1 to rotate in the reverse direction is offset, and the reverse rotation of the rotating screw 1 is prevented, thereby achieving self-locking.
  • a commonly used linear actuator is provided with a gear that drives the rotating screw 1 to rotate, and the gear and the torsion spring 4 are in contact with each other. Based on the above structure, the torsion spring 4 does not contact the gear that drives the rotating screw 1 to rotate. , The linear actuator achieves normal contraction by overcoming the small friction force between the first torsion spring seat 3 and the friction member, so that there is no noise between the torsion spring and the gear when the linear actuator is extended and retracted. The sound and current of the actuator in the extended and retracted states are the same, which does not affect the use, making the use more convenient.
  • the first torsion spring seat 3 and the friction member are in contact with each other, that is, in the initial state, the first torsion spring seat 3 is in contact with the friction member.
  • the contact between the friction parts makes the first torsion spring seat 3 press the friction part only by the weight of the mechanism to realize self-locking.
  • the rotating screw rod 1 contracts normally, it is necessary to overcome the first torsion spring seat 3 and the friction part. Therefore, when the load exerts an axial force on the rotating screw rod 1, the friction force between the first torsion spring seat 3 and the friction member can be enhanced, and the self-locking ability of the brake device can be improved.
  • the second torsion spring seat 5 includes a flat hole 8.
  • the rotating screw rod 1 is inserted into the flat hole 8, that is, the second torsion spring seat
  • the spring seat 5 is circumferentially fixed to the screw rod 1 through the flat hole 8.
  • the rotating screw rod 1 is in the position of the second torsion spring seat 5 and is matched with the flat hole 8, so that the rotating screw rod 1 can be in the flat hole 8
  • the rotation drives the second torsion spring seat 5 to rotate.
  • the hole in the first torsion spring seat 3 is a round hole, and the rotating screw 1 is inserted into it.
  • the inner diameter of the round hole is larger than the outer diameter of the rotating screw 1 here, so that the rotating screw 1 can rotate in the circular hole without driving the first torsion spring seat 3 to rotate.
  • a plane bearing 9 is preferably provided between the first torsion spring seat 3 and the second torsion spring seat 5, so that the second torsion spring seat 5 can be opposed to the first torsion spring seat 9 through the plane bearing 9
  • the torsion spring seat 3 rotates.
  • the second torsion spring seat 5 does not drive the first torsion spring seat 3 to rotate together when it rotates, which prevents the first torsion spring seat 3 and the first torsion spring seat 3 when the rotating screw 1 is telescopic
  • the axial movement of the two torsion spring seats 5 causes them to contact each other, which affects the expansion and contraction, so that the brake device can work better.
  • this embodiment preferably has a gap between the first torsion spring seat 3 and the second torsion spring seat 5 in the axial direction of the rotating screw rod 1, thereby preventing the second torsion spring seat 5
  • the first torsion spring seat 3 is contacted during rotation, the rotation is blocked due to the friction between the first torsion spring seat 3 and the second torsion spring seat 5, which affects self-locking.
  • the gear 2 and the rotating screw 1 are connected by a spline 6.
  • the spline 6 is used for connection. , Making the gear 2 and the rotating screw 1 more stable in the circumferential direction, so that the rotation of the rotating screw 1 is more stable.
  • the spline 6 is provided with a flat hole, and the rotating screw 1 is inserted into the flat hole of the spline 6, The rotating screw 1 and the spline 6 are positioned circumferentially.
  • this embodiment preferably uses a pin 7 between the spline 6 and the rotating screw 1.
  • the rotating screw rod 1 is provided with a through hole, the pin 7 is inserted in the through hole, the spline 6 is provided with a mounting groove, and the pin 7 is inserted in the mounting groove, and the rotating screw 1 realizes positioning along its extension direction.
  • the rotating screw rod 1 is not pulled out by external force when it receives an axial pulling force along its extension direction.
  • the linear actuator of this embodiment preferably further includes a housing, the friction member and the housing are an integral structure or the friction member and the housing are fixedly connected, the housing is used to achieve friction or a friction member is provided to achieve friction,
  • the friction member can be a friction plate 10, one end of the friction plate 10 is relatively fixed to the housing, and the other end of the friction plate 10 is in a clearance fit with the first torsion spring seat 3. Under the action of the axial force, the first torsion spring seat 3 contacts the friction plate 10 , So as to achieve friction self-locking.
  • this embodiment when the rotating screw 1 is idling in the axial direction, the first torsion spring seat 3 and the friction member are moving along the drive screw 1 There is a floating gap in the axial direction.
  • this structure when the rotating screw 1 is in normal expansion and contraction, when there is no axial force, there is no contact between the first torsion spring seat 3 and the friction member, so that when the rotating screw 1 expands and contracts There is no need to overcome the friction between the first torsion spring seat 3 and the friction member.
  • This embodiment can also achieve the technical effect of the first embodiment.
  • the third embodiment is a linear actuator.
  • the brake device described in the first embodiment is used to be installed in the linear actuator of this embodiment.
  • the preferred structure of this embodiment mainly includes the first embodiment.
  • the driving motor drives the rotation of the rotation screw 1 through the drive transmission gear 2, and the rotation of the rotation screw 1 drives the transmission nut axially Move, the transmission nut moves to drive the first sleeve and the second sleeve to expand and contract relatively.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

一种线性致动器的刹车装置，以及采用该刹车装置的线性致动器，刹车装置包括第一扭簧座(3)、扭簧(4)、第二扭簧座(5)和摩擦件，第二扭簧座(5)用于与线性致动器的转动丝杆(1)相对固定，在自由状态时，扭簧(4)与第一扭簧座(3)和第二扭簧座(5)之间均为过盈配合，转动丝杆(1)沿正向转动时，第一扭簧座(3)不转动，转动丝杆(1)沿反向转动时，扭簧(4)抱紧，第二扭簧座(5)、扭簧(4)、第一扭簧座(3)同步转动，第一扭簧座(3)与摩擦件之间接触以产生摩擦力。线性致动器在伸出和缩回两种状态下的声音、电流和噪音一致，使用更加方便。

Description

一种线性致动器的刹车装置和线性致动器 【技术领域】
本发明涉及一种线性致动器的刹车装置和线性致动器，属于线性致动设备领域。
【背景技术】
线性致动器目前被广泛应用在各个领域，包括电动升降桌、电动床、电动沙发等等，这种线性致动器其结构通常包括驱动电机、转动丝杆、传动螺母，驱动电机带动转动丝杆转动，转动丝杆转动时带动传动螺母轴向移动，传动螺母可以连接驱动对象，从而实现驱动目的。
目前，线性致动器的使用越来越广泛，其中，常见的线性致动器包括电动推杆，常见的电动推杆采用扭簧进行自锁，例如中国发明专利CN204947822U公开的一种自锁电动推杆，其包括传动蜗轮和丝杆，所述丝杆上设有扭簧，采用这种结构，可以通过扭簧抱紧实现自锁，但是扭簧与传动蜗轮相接触，在电动推杆伸出和缩回时，扭簧与传动蜗轮发生碰撞产生噪音，且导致电动推杆在伸出和缩回两种状态下的声音和电流不一致，从而影响使用，使得使用时不方便。
【发明内容】
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种线性致动器的刹车装置，使得使用方便。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明线性致动器的刹车装置的优选结构包括第一扭簧座、扭簧、第二扭簧座和摩擦件，所述第二扭簧座用于与线性致动器的转动丝杆相对固定，在自由状态时，所述扭簧与第一扭簧座和第二扭簧座之间均为过盈配合，转动丝杆沿正向转动时，所述第一扭簧座不转动，转动丝杆沿反向转动时，所述扭簧抱紧，第二扭簧座、扭簧、第一扭簧座同步转动，第一扭簧座与摩擦件之间接触以产生摩擦力。
采用上述结构后，首先，本发明线性致动器的刹车装置包括第一扭簧座、扭簧、第二扭簧座和摩擦件，所述第二扭簧座用于与线性致动器的转动丝杆相 对固定，即第二扭簧座可以和转动丝杆一同转动，在自由状态时，所述扭簧与第一扭簧座和第二扭簧座之间均为过盈配合，使得第一扭簧座和第二扭簧座可以通过扭簧实现相对固定，所述的自由状态是指转动丝杆不转动时的状态，转动丝杆沿正向转动时，所述扭簧松开，第一扭簧座不转动，转动丝杆沿反向转动时，所述扭簧抱紧，第二扭簧座、扭簧、第一扭簧座同步转动，其中，正向转动是指转动丝杆沿此方向转动时，线性致动器处于伸出状态，反向转动是指转动丝杆沿此方向转动时，线性致动器处于收缩状态，第一扭簧座与摩擦件之间接触以产生摩擦力，即通过第一扭簧座与摩擦件之间的摩擦力实现自锁。
其次，在使用时，转动丝杆受到两种力，一种为其轴向方向的轴向力，另一种为使转动丝杆反向旋转的力矩，在轴向力的作用下，转动丝杆相对于其伸长的方向反向运动或者有反向运动的趋势，使得第一扭簧座与摩擦件之间相互压紧产生摩擦力，在第一扭簧座与摩擦件之间的摩擦力的作用下，使转动丝杆反向旋转的力矩被抵消，阻止了转动丝杆的反向旋转，从而实现自锁，当驱动电机驱动转动丝杆进行正常伸缩时，由于其轴向方向没有负载的作用力，第一扭簧座与摩擦件之间并未紧压，使得其之间的摩擦力较小或没有，驱动电机的扭力足以克服此时的摩擦力使得转动丝杆正常伸缩。
常用的线性致动器中设有带动转动丝杆转动的齿轮，且该齿轮与扭簧相互接触，而基于上述结构，扭簧与带动转动丝杆转动的齿轮之间不会接触，线性致动器通过克服第一扭簧座与摩擦件之间的较小的摩擦力实现正常收缩，从而线性致动器在伸出和缩回时扭簧与齿轮之间没有噪音，线性致动器在伸出和缩回两种状态下的声音和电流一致，不影响使用，使得使用更加方便。
作为优选，所述的转动丝杆在轴向方向上空载时，所述的第一扭簧座与摩擦件相互接触。
作为优选，所述的转动丝杆在轴向方向上空载时，所述的第一扭簧座与摩擦件在沿所述传动丝杆的轴向方向上存在浮动间隙。
作为优选，所述的第二扭簧座包括扁孔，所述转动丝杆穿插在扁孔内。
作为优选，所述的第一扭簧座与第二扭簧座之间设有平面轴承。
作为优选，所述的第一扭簧座与第二扭簧座在转动丝杆的轴向方向上存在间隙。
本发明还公开了一种线性致动器，包括第一套管、第二套管、转动丝杆、传动螺母、传动齿轮和驱动电机，驱动电机通过驱动传动齿轮运动带动转动丝杆转动，转动丝杆转动时带动传动螺母轴向移动，传动螺母移动以带动第一套管和第二套管发生相对伸缩，所述转动丝杆上安装有上述方案中任意一种的刹车装置。
作为优选，所述的齿轮与转动丝杆之间采用花键连接，使得齿轮相对于转动丝杆周向固定。
作为优选，所述的花键与转动丝杆之间采用销定位。
作为优选，所述的线性致动器还包括外壳，所述摩擦件与外壳为一体结构或者所述摩擦件与外壳之间为固定连接。
本发明的这些特点和优点将会在下面的具体实施方式、附图中详细揭露。
【附图说明】
下面结合附图对本发明做进一步详细的说明，其中：
图1为本实施例一刹车装置的示意图；
图2为本实施例一刹车装置中第二扭簧座的示意图；
图3为本实施例一刹车装置中第一扭簧座的示意图；
图4为本实施例三线性致动器中齿轮的示意图；
图5为本实施例三线性致动器中花键的示意图；
图6为本实施例三线性致动器中花键的侧视图；
图7为本实施例三线性致动器中转动丝杆的示意图；
图8为本实施例三线性致动器的剖视示意图；
图9为图8的局部放大图。
【具体实施方式】
下面结合本发明实施例的附图对本发明实施例的技术方案进行解释和说明，但下述实施例仅为本发明的优选实施例，并非全部。基于实施方式中的实施例，本领域技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所获得其他实施例，都属于本发明的保护范围。
在下文描述中，出现诸如术语“内”、“外”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”等指示方位或者位置关系的为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了方便描述实施例和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或者元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
实施例一：
如图1所示，本实施例线性致动器的刹车装置的优选结构包括第一扭簧座3、扭簧4、第二扭簧座5和摩擦件，所述第二扭簧座5用于与线性致动器的转动丝杆1相对固定，在自由状态时，所述扭簧4与第一扭簧座3和第二扭簧座5之间均为过盈配合，转动丝杆1沿正向转动时，所述第一扭簧座3不转动，转动丝杆1沿反向转动时，所述扭簧4抱紧，第二扭簧座5、扭簧4、第一扭簧座3同步转动，第一扭簧座3与摩擦件之间接触以产生摩擦力。
采用上述结构后，首先，本发明线性致动器的刹车装置包括第一扭簧座3、扭簧4、第二扭簧座5和摩擦件，所述第二扭簧座5用于与线性致动器的转动丝杆1相对固定，即第二扭簧座5可以和转动丝杆1一同转动，所述扭簧4与第一扭簧座3和第二扭簧座5之间均为过盈配合，使得扭簧4在抱紧时，第一扭簧座3和第二扭簧座5可以通过扭簧4实现相对固定，所述的自由状态是指转动丝杆不转动时的状态，转动丝杆1沿正向转动时，所述第一扭簧座3不转动，转动丝杆1沿反向转动时，所述扭簧4抱紧，第二扭簧座5、扭簧4、第一扭簧座3同步转动，其中，正向转动是指转动丝杆沿此方向转动时，线性致动器处于伸出状态，反向转动是指转动丝杆沿此方向转动时，线性致动器处于收缩状态，第一扭簧座3与摩擦件之间接触以产生摩擦力，即通过第一扭簧座3与摩擦件之间的摩擦力实现自锁。
其次，在使用时，转动丝杆1受到两种力，一种为其轴向方向的轴向力，另一种为使转动丝杆1反向旋转的力矩，在轴向力的作用下，转动丝杆1相对于其伸长的方向反向运动或者有反向运动的趋势，使得第一扭簧座3与摩擦件之间相互压紧产生摩擦力，在第一扭簧座3与摩擦件之间的摩擦力的作用下， 使转动丝杆1反向旋转的力矩被抵消，阻止了转动丝杆1的反向旋转，从而实现自锁，当驱动电机驱动转动丝杆1进行正常伸缩时，由于其轴向方向没有负载的作用力，第一扭簧座3与摩擦件之间并未紧压，使得其之间的摩擦力较小或没有，驱动电机的扭力足以克服此时的摩擦力使得转动丝杆1正常伸缩。
常用的线性致动器中设有带动转动丝杆1转动的齿轮，且该齿轮与扭簧4相互接触，而基于上述结构，扭簧4与带动转动丝杆1转动的齿轮之间不会接触，线性致动器通过克服第一扭簧座3与摩擦件之间的较小的摩擦力实现正常收缩，从而线性致动器在伸出和缩回时扭簧与齿轮之间没有噪音，线性致动器在伸出和缩回两种状态下的声音和电流一致，不影响使用，使得使用更加方便。
采用上述方案，扭簧4与传动齿轮2之间不必为了实现自锁而采用过盈配合，防止由于加工精度的不一致性将导致扭簧与传动蜗轮之间过盈量不稳定，进而导致机构自锁力不稳定，另外，扭簧4与传动齿轮2之间不发生摩擦，从而当传动齿轮2为塑胶材质时，不会因摩擦受热变形，当传动齿轮2为金属材质时，不会因摩擦产生噪音而影响使用。
为了优化刹车装置的自锁能力，本实施例优选转动丝杆1在轴向方向上空载时，第一扭簧座3与摩擦件相互接触，即初始状态时，第一扭簧座3与摩擦件之间接触，使得仅利用机构的自重即可使第一扭簧座3紧压摩擦件，实现自锁，在转动丝杆1正常收缩时，需要克服第一扭簧座3与摩擦件之间的摩擦力，从而当负载对转动丝杆1施加轴向力时，可以增强第一扭簧座3与摩擦件之间的摩擦力，提高刹车装置的自锁能力，且负载对转动丝杆1施加轴向力越大，刹车装置的自锁能力越强。
为了优化结构，如图2、图3和图7所示，本实施例优选第二扭簧座5包括扁孔8，所述转动丝杆1穿插在扁孔8内，即所述第二扭簧座5通过扁孔8与所述丝杆1实现周向固定，转动丝杆1在第二扭簧座5的位置上，与扁孔8配合，使得转动丝杆1可以在扁孔8内转动而带动第二扭簧座5转动，第一扭簧座3内的孔为圆孔，转动丝杆1穿插其中，圆孔内径大于此处转动丝杆1的外圆直径，使得转动丝杆1可以在圆孔内转动而不会带动第一扭簧座3转动。
为了使刹车装置能更好地工作，本实施例优选第一扭簧座3与第二扭簧座5之间设有平面轴承9，使得第二扭簧座5可通过平面轴承9相对第一扭簧座3转动，通过平面轴承9，第二扭簧座5在转动时，不会带动第一扭簧座3一同转动， 防止转动丝杆1在伸缩时，第一扭簧座3与第二扭簧座5轴向窜动导致其相互接触，影响伸缩，从而使刹车装置能更好地工作。
为了能更好地实现自锁，本实施例优选所述的第一扭簧座3与第二扭簧座5在转动丝杆1的轴向方向上存在间隙，从而防止第二扭簧座5在转动时接触第一扭簧座3，由于第一扭簧座3与第二扭簧座5之间的摩擦力导致转动受阻，影响自锁。
为了使转动丝杆1的转动更加稳定，如图4和图5所示，本实施例优选齿轮2与转动丝杆1之间采用花键6连接，相对于普通键连接，采用花键6连接，使得齿轮2与转动丝杆1周向固定更加稳定，从而转动丝杆1的转动更加稳定，其中，花键6内部设有扁孔，转动丝杆1穿插在花键6的扁孔内，使得转动丝杆1与花键6周向定位。
为了使机构可以承受一定的轴向拉力，且防止转动丝杆1轴向方向被拉出，如图6和图7所示，本实施例优选花键6与转动丝杆1之间采用销7定位，转动丝杆1上设有通孔，销7穿插在通孔内，花键6上设有安装槽，销7穿插在安装槽内，转动丝杆1在沿其伸出方向实现定位，使得转动丝杆1沿其伸出方向受轴向拉力时，不被外力拉出。
为了进一步优化结构，本实施例优选线性致动器还包括外壳，摩擦件与外壳为一体结构或者所述摩擦件与外壳之间为固定连接，利用外壳实现摩擦或者设有一个摩擦件实现摩擦，摩擦件可选用摩擦片10，摩擦片10一端与外壳相对固定，另一端与第一扭簧座3之间为间隙配合，在轴向力的作用下，第一扭簧座3接触摩擦片10，从而实现摩擦自锁。
实施例二：
本实施例与实施例一的区别在于，本实施例中，所述的转动丝杆1在轴向方向上空载时，第一扭簧座3与摩擦件在沿所述传动丝杆1的轴向方向上存在浮动间隙，采用这种结构，转动丝杆1在正常伸缩时，当没有轴向力时，第一扭簧座3与摩擦件之间不接触，使得转动丝杆1伸缩时不需要克服第一扭簧座3与摩擦件的摩擦力，这种实施例，同样也能实现实施例一的技术效果。
实施例三：
本实施例三为一种线性致动器，实施例一所述的刹车装置用于安装在本实施例线性致动器内，如图8和图9所示，本实施例优选结构主要包括第一套管、第二套管、转动丝杆1、传动螺母、传动齿轮2和驱动电机，驱动电机通过驱动传动齿轮2运动带动转动丝杆1转动，转动丝杆1转动时带动传动螺母轴向移动，传动螺母移动以带动第一套管和第二套管发生相对伸缩。
以上所述，仅为本发明的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，熟悉该本领域的技术人员应该明白本发明包括但不限于附图和上面具体实施方式中描述的内容。任何不偏离本发明的功能和结构原理的修改都将包括在权利要求书的范围中。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种线性致动器的刹车装置，其特征在于，所述刹车装置包括第一扭簧座(3)、扭簧(4)、第二扭簧座(5)和摩擦件，所述第二扭簧座(5)用于与线性致动器的转动丝杆(1)相对固定，在自由状态时，所述扭簧(4)与第一扭簧座(3)和第二扭簧座(5)之间均为过盈配合，转动丝杆(1)沿正向转动时，所述第一扭簧座(3)不转动，转动丝杆(1)沿反向转动时，所述扭簧(4)抱紧，第二扭簧座(5)、扭簧(4)、第一扭簧座(3)同步转动，第一扭簧座(3)与摩擦件之间接触以产生摩擦力。
  2. 按照权利要求1所述的线性致动器的刹车装置，其特征在于：所述的转动丝杆(1)在轴向方向上空载时，第一扭簧座(3)与摩擦件相互接触。
  3. 按照权利要求1所述的线性致动器的刹车装置，其特征在于：所述的转动丝杆(1)在轴向方向上空载时，第一扭簧座(3)与摩擦件在沿所述传动丝杆(1)的轴向方向上存在浮动间隙。
  4. 按照权利要求1所述的线性致动器的刹车装置，其特征在于：所述的第二扭簧座(5)包括扁孔(8)，所述转动丝杆(1)穿插在扁孔(8)内。
  5. 按照权利要求1所述的线性致动器的刹车装置，其特征在于：所述的第一扭簧座(3)与第二扭簧座(5)之间设有平面轴承(9)。
  6. 按照权利要求1所述的线性致动器的刹车装置，其特征在于：所述的第一扭簧座(3)与第二扭簧座(5)在转动丝杆(1)的轴向方向上存在间隙。
  7. 一种线性致动器，包括第一套管、第二套管、转动丝杆(1)、传动螺母、传动齿轮(2)和驱动电机，驱动电机通过驱动传动齿轮(2)运动带动转动丝杆(1)转动，转动丝杆(1)转动时带动传动螺母轴向移动，传动螺母移动以带动第一套管和第二套管发生相对伸缩，其特征在于，所述转动丝杆(1)上安装有如权利要求1至6中任一项所述的刹车装置。
  8. 按照权利要求7所述的线性致动器，其特征在于：所述的传动齿轮(2)与转动丝杆(1)之间采用花键(6)连接。
  9. 按照权利要求8所述的线性致动器，其特征在于：所述的花键(6)与转动丝杆(1)之间采用销(7)定位。
  10. 按照权利要求7所述的线性致动器，其特征在于：所述的线性致动器还包括外壳，所述摩擦件与外壳为一体结构或者所述摩擦件与外壳之间为固定连接。
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