WO2021120297A1 - 一种液晶显示层、液晶介质组合物及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种液晶显示层、液晶介质组合物及其制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2021120297A1
WO2021120297A1 PCT/CN2019/129113 CN2019129113W WO2021120297A1 WO 2021120297 A1 WO2021120297 A1 WO 2021120297A1 CN 2019129113 W CN2019129113 W CN 2019129113W WO 2021120297 A1 WO2021120297 A1 WO 2021120297A1
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liquid crystal
diyl
medium composition
crystal medium
substrate layer
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French (fr)
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韦宏权
曾德仁
廖东
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Tcl华星光电技术有限公司
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Priority to US16/763,308 priority Critical patent/US20220315839A1/en
Publication of WO2021120297A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021120297A1/zh

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    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
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    • G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
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    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
    • G02F1/13378—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers by treatment of the surface, e.g. embossing, rubbing or light irradiation
    • G02F1/133788—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers by treatment of the surface, e.g. embossing, rubbing or light irradiation by light irradiation, e.g. linearly polarised light photo-polymerisation
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    • C09K2019/0448—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit characterized by a linking chain between rings or ring systems, a bridging chain between extensive mesogenic moieties or an end chain group the end chain group being a polymerizable end group, e.g. -Sp-P or acrylate
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    • C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
    • C09K19/10—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings
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    • C09K19/10—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings
    • C09K19/12—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings at least two benzene rings directly linked, e.g. biphenyls
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    • C09K2019/548—Macromolecular compounds stabilizing the alignment; Polymer stabilized alignment

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of optoelectronic technology, in particular to a liquid crystal display layer, a liquid crystal medium composition and a preparation method thereof.
  • Thin film transistor liquid crystal display has been widely used due to its advantages of light weight, low power consumption, and good image quality.
  • TFT-LCD Thin film transistor liquid crystal display
  • VA voltage regulator
  • PVA polymer-stabilized vertical alignment
  • PSVA polymer-stabilized vertical alignment
  • the liquid crystal medium composition in PSVA technology is usually composed of a negative liquid crystal material and a polymerizable monomer (RM) that polymerizes under ultraviolet light.
  • RM polymerizable monomer
  • the polymerizable monomer phase separates from the liquid crystal medium.
  • the polymerizable reaction occurs on the surface of PI to form polymer particles.
  • Shortening the time of ultraviolet light can increase the intensity of ultraviolet light, but the disadvantages of this method are: 1) increase power consumption, increase power cost, increase lamp consumption, and shorten lamp life; 2) too fast response, It is easy to cause the polymer particles formed by aggregation to be too large in size, forming broken bright spots and causing light leakage and other problems.
  • the present invention provides a liquid crystal display layer, an upper substrate layer, a lower substrate layer, and transparent electrodes respectively arranged inside the upper substrate layer and the lower substrate layer.
  • An alignment film is attached to the transparent electrode, and an alignment film is distributed between the alignment films.
  • a liquid crystal medium composition in which at least two polymerizable monomers are mixed, and the polymerizable monomer contains at least two ring structures or condensed ring structures, and two are directly or indirectly connected to the ring structure The reactive functional group.
  • the general structural formula of the polymerizable monomer can be any one or more of the following general formulas:
  • the P1 and P2 are the same or different, and can be selected from any one of methacrylate, acrylate, vinyloxy or epoxy;
  • Same or different can be selected from: 1,4-phenylene, 1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,4-bicyclo[2,2,2]octylene, pyrimidine-2,5-diyl, naphthalene -2,6-diyl, tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl, decahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl, 1,3-d
  • the mass percentage content of the polymerizable monomer composition is 0.01-1%.
  • the polymerizable monomer composition further comprises a liquid crystal composition with a negative dielectric constant.
  • Liquid crystal mixture containing polymerizable monomer, neutral monomer or negative dielectric monomer.
  • the dielectric constant anisotropy ( ⁇ ) of the liquid crystal mixture at 25°C is in the range of -2.0 to -8.0. Because the liquid crystal of the VA type display mode is negative, it is limited to negative.
  • the present invention also provides a method for preparing a liquid crystal medium composition for a liquid crystal display layer, which includes the following steps:
  • Step 1) Attach a transparent electrode on the inner side of the upper substrate layer and the lower substrate layer, attach an alignment film on the transparent electrode, and fill the liquid crystal medium composition between the alignment films of the upper substrate layer and the lower substrate layer.
  • At least two polymerizable monomers are mixed in the liquid crystal medium composition, and the polymerizable monomer contains at least two ring structures or condensed ring structures, and two reactive functional groups directly or indirectly connected to the ring structures;
  • Step 2) Applying voltage to the transparent electrode, the liquid crystal is deflected and irradiated with ultraviolet light, so that the polymerizable monomers of the liquid crystal medium composition undergo polymerization reaction, the liquid crystal molecules are aligned, the pretilt angle is formed, the crosslinking reaction occurs, and the network polymer is formed .
  • the present invention provides a liquid crystal display device with improved materials, that is, using a variety of polymerizable monomers and matching the existing PSVA display mode, which can accelerate the HVA process During the polymerization process, the goal of reducing the UV irradiation time and increasing the production capacity of the HVA process is achieved. At the same time, in this process, the polymer surface formed by the polymerizable monomer is more uniform and the protrusion particles are smaller, which reduces the risk of the formation of broken bright spots on the liquid crystal panel.
  • the liquid crystal In the PSVA process, when a voltage is applied to the transparent electrodes of the upper and lower substrates, the liquid crystal is deflected and UV light is irradiated at the same time, and the polymerizable monomer undergoes a polymerization reaction.
  • the liquid crystal composition used contains two or more polymerizable monomers, and the polymerizable monomers contain two or more ring structures or condensed ring structures and two directly or indirectly connected to the ring structure. Reactive functional group.
  • UV absorption is stronger, under the same illumination, the reaction activity is stronger, and the polymerization reaction speed can be increased and shortened.
  • UV irradiation time because it contains 2 or more ring structures, compared with 1 ring and 2 ring, the polymerizable monomer molecules of polycyclic structure are more rigid and have stronger orientation to liquid crystal molecules Therefore, when the same pretilt angle is reached, the UV irradiation time required for the polymerizable monomer of the polycyclic structure is shorter.
  • the polymerization molecular weight is controlled, and the number of reaction sites increases. Therefore, the particles formed by the polymer will be smaller; During the polymerization process, it is easier to form a network polymer, and this process can make the polymer film more dense and more evenly distributed.
  • the UV illumination time of the process is reduced, thereby reducing the tact time, and achieving an increase in productivity.
  • the surface morphology of the polymer we obtained is more uniform, and the particle size of the protrusions is smaller, which is beneficial to reduce the broken bright spots and light leakage of the liquid crystal panel and improve the display taste.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the liquid crystal display layer of the present invention.
  • the present invention provides an improved liquid crystal display layer, the upper substrate layer 1, the lower substrate layer 2, and transparent electrodes 3 respectively arranged on the inner side of the upper substrate layer 1 and the lower substrate layer 2, the transparent An alignment film 4 is attached to the electrode 3, a liquid crystal medium composition 5 is distributed between the alignment films 4, and at least two polymerizable monomers are mixed in the liquid crystal medium composition 5, and the polymerizable monomer contains at least two A ring structure or condensed ring structure, and two reactive functional groups directly or indirectly connected to the ring structure.
  • the general structural formula of the polymerizable monomer can be any one or more of the following general formulas:
  • the P 1 and P 2 are the same or different, and can be selected from any one of methacrylate, acrylate, vinyloxy or epoxy;
  • Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , Z 4 , Z 5 is the same or different, and can be selected from single bonds or alkylene groups having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
  • the liquid crystal display device when there is no applied voltage, the liquid crystal is arranged perpendicular to the surface. After the polymer is polymerized, it will precipitate and deposit on the surface of the alignment film.
  • the mass percentage content of the polymerizable monomer composition is 0.01-1%.
  • the polymerizable monomer composition further comprises a liquid crystal composition with a negative dielectric constant.
  • Liquid crystal mixture containing polymerizable monomers, neutral monomers, and negative dielectric monomers.
  • the dielectric constant anisotropy ( ⁇ ) of the liquid crystal mixture at 25°C is in the range of -2.0 to -8.0. Because the liquid crystal of the VA type display mode is negative, it is limited to negative.
  • the present invention also provides a liquid crystal medium composition for a liquid crystal display layer, and a preparation method of the liquid crystal medium composition, which comprises the following steps:
  • Step 1) Attach a transparent electrode on the inner side of the upper substrate layer and the lower substrate layer, attach an alignment film on the transparent electrode, and fill the liquid crystal medium composition between the alignment films of the upper substrate layer and the lower substrate layer.
  • At least two polymerizable monomers are mixed in the liquid crystal medium composition, and the polymerizable monomer contains at least two ring structures or condensed ring structures, and two reactive functional groups directly or indirectly connected to the ring structures;
  • Step 2) Applying voltage to the transparent electrode, the liquid crystal is deflected and irradiated with ultraviolet light, so that the polymerizable monomers of the liquid crystal medium composition undergo polymerization reaction, the liquid crystal molecules are aligned, the pretilt angle is formed, the crosslinking reaction occurs, and the network polymer is formed .
  • step 2) ultraviolet light is irradiated, the applied voltage intensity: 1V-36V; ultraviolet wavelength range: 200-400nm, ultraviolet illuminance: 0.1-100mw/cm 2 .
  • Different polymer monomers will react at the same time, which itself is a process of free radical polymerization.
  • the principle is: After power is applied, the liquid crystal is poured and the polymer reacts to form a polymer network, anchoring the liquid crystal molecules on the surface of the PI, thereby forming an oriented arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules.
  • the pretilt angle is formed for the first exposure, and the exposure time is 10s ⁇ 300s. At this time, it needs to be powered on simultaneously; then the second exposure is performed to consume the remaining polymer and improve the reliability of the product.
  • the free radical reaction the second/third monomers cannot be controlled, and the process is carried out after the previous preparation is done. Because the polymerizable monomer has multiple functional groups, a cross-linking reaction will occur, thus forming a network polymer.
  • the liquid crystal medium composition of the present invention is mixed with at least two polymerizable monomers.
  • the polymerizable monomer contains at least two ring structures or condensed ring structures, and two reactive functional groups directly or indirectly connected to the ring structures.
  • the general structural formula of the polymerizable monomer can be any one or more of the following general formulas:
  • the P 1 and P 2 are the same or different, and can be selected from any one of methacrylate, acrylate, vinyloxy or epoxy;
  • Same or different can be selected from: 1,4-phenylene, 1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,4-bicyclo[2,2,2]octylene, pyrimidine-2,5-diyl, naphthalene -2,6-diyl, tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl, decahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl, 1,
  • two-by-two polymerization and three-structure polymerization can occur between the general formula 1, the general formula 2 and the general formula 3, and the polymerization degree is 1000 or more.
  • the polymerization degree is 1000 or more.
  • the first three mixtures are polymerized with each other, and then the polymerization reaction between general formula 1 and general formula 2 is selected; after polymerization, the liquid crystal host medium will not occur Change; LCD Host does not participate in the reaction.

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  • Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal Substances (AREA)

Abstract

一种液晶显示层和液晶介质组合物的制备方法，液晶显示层包括上基板层（1）、下基板层（2）、分别设于上基板层（1）和下基板层（2）内侧的透明电极（3），透明电极（3）上贴附配向膜（4），配向膜（4）之间分布有液晶介质组合物（5），在液晶介质组合物（5）中混合有至少两种可聚合单体，可聚合单体含有至少两个环结构或稠环结构，以及两个与环结构直接或间接相连的反应官能团。

Description

一种液晶显示层、液晶介质组合物及其制备方法 技术领域
本发明涉及光电技术领域，特别是涉及一种液晶显示层、液晶介质组合物及其制备方法。
背景技术
薄膜晶体管液晶显示器(TFT-LCD)，以其重量轻、功耗低、图像质量好等优点得到了广泛的应用。近几年来，人们已经开发出了各种各样的液晶显示器，它们具有宽视角、高对比度和高图像质量。液晶显示器已经成为人们生活中不可缺少的一部分。常见的显示模式有TN/IPS/VA型，其中，VA型又分有MVA/PVA/PSVA等，MVA存在对比度不足、透过率偏低的问题，PVA存在响应时间偏慢的问题，而PSVA(polymer-stabilized vertical alignment)具有快响应、高对比、高穿透的优良特性，因此，在大尺寸LCD技术之中，PSVA模式仍是首选。
技术问题
PSVA技术中的液晶介质组合物通常是由负性液晶材料和在紫外光下发生聚合反应的可聚合单体(RM)组成，在PSVA制程过程中，可聚合单体从液晶介质中发生相分离，在紫外光照的条件下在PI表面发生可聚合反应，从而形成聚合物颗粒。但为了提升显示面板的生产产能，需要缩短紫外光光照时间。
缩短紫外光光照时间可以通过提升紫外光的光照强度，但这种方式带来的坏处：1)增加功耗，增加电力成本，增加灯管损耗，缩短灯管寿命；2)过快的反应，易使聚集形成的聚合物颗粒粒径过大，形成碎亮点造成漏光等问题。
技术解决方案
本发明提供了一种液晶显示层，其上基板层、下基板层、分别设于上基板层和下基板层内侧的透明电极，所述透明电极上贴附配向膜，配向膜之间分布有液晶介质组合物，在所述液晶介质组合物中混合有至少两种可聚合单体，所述可聚合单体含有至少两个环结构或稠环结构，以及两个与环结构直接或间接相连的反应官能团。
所述可聚合单体的结构通式可为如下通式中任选一种或多种：
Figure PCTCN2019129113-appb-000001
优选地，所述P1、P2相同或不同，可选自甲基丙烯酸酯、丙烯酸酯、乙烯氧基或环氧基中任选一种；Z 1、Z 2、Z 3、Z 4、Z 5相同或不同，可选自单键或碳原子数为1～5的亚烷基，其中任意的亚甲基可以被-O-、-S-、-CO-、-COO-、-OCO-、-OCOO-、-CH＝CH-、-C＝C-或-C≡C-取代；
Figure PCTCN2019129113-appb-000002
相同或不同，可选自：1,4－亚苯基、1,4－亚环己基、1,4－双环[2,2,2]亚辛基、嘧啶－2,5－二基、萘－2,6-二基、四氢萘－2,6-二基、十氢萘－2,6－二基、1,3－二噁烷-2,5－二基或茚满－2,5－二基；其环上的H可被烷基、卤代烷基、烷氧基、卤素所取代。
其中，所述可聚合单体组合物的质量百分比含量为0.01-1％。
所述可聚合单体组合物进一步包含有带有负性介电常数的液晶组合物组合而成。液晶混合物，含可聚合单体，中性单体或负性介电单体。其中，25℃时的液晶混合物介电常数各向异性(Δε)在-2.0至-8.0的范围。因为VA型显示模式的液晶是负性的，所以限定为负的。
本发明还提供了一种用于液晶显示层的液晶介质组合物的制备方法，其包括以下步骤：
步骤1)在上基板层和下基板层的内侧贴附透明电极，在透明电极上贴附配向膜，将液晶介质组合物填充于上基板层和下基板层的配向膜之间，其中，所述液晶介质组合物中混合有至少两种可聚合单体，所述可聚合单体含有至少两个环结构或稠环结构，以及两个与环结构直接或间接相连的反应官能团；
步骤2)对透明电极施加电压，液晶发生偏转，照射紫外光，使得液晶介质组合物的可聚合单体发生聚合反应，使液晶分子取向，形成预倾角，发生交联反应，会形成网络聚合物。
有益效果
本申请的有益效果为：与现有技术相比，本发明提供了一种改进材料的液晶显示装置，即采用多种可聚合物单体，搭配现有的PSVA显示模式，可通过加速HVA制程中聚合过程，实现减少UV照射时间，提升HVA制程产能的目的。同时， 在该制程中，可聚合单体形成的聚合物表面更均匀、突起物颗粒更小，减少了液晶面板碎亮点形成的风险。
在PSVA过程中，对上下基板的透明电极施加电压的情况下，液晶发生偏转，同时照射紫外光，该可聚合单体发生聚合反应。所使用的液晶组合物中，包含有两种或多种以上的可聚合单体，其可聚合单体含两个或多个环结构或稠环结构和两个与环结构直接或间接相连的反应官能团。
由于本发明使用的多个可聚合单体的体系，在PSVA光照反应过程中，利用其多环体系，紫外吸收更强，在相同的照度下，反应活性更强，可增加聚合反应速度，缩短UV照射时间；同时，由于其含有2个或2个以上的环结构，相比于1环和2环的，多环结构的可聚合单体分子刚性更强，对液晶分子具有更强的取向能力，因此，在达到相同预倾角时，多环结构的可聚合单体所需要的UV照射时间更短。同时，利用其中含有多种可聚合单体，通过调整第二种或第三种可聚合单体，控制其聚合分子量，反应位点的增多，所以，聚合物形成颗粒会更小；同时由于在聚合过程中更容易形成网络聚合物，此过程可以使聚合物膜层更加致密，分布更加均匀。
在本发明中，通过提供含2种或多种可聚合单体的液晶组分与PSVA显示模式相结合的方式，降低了制程UV光照时间，从而降低了节拍时间(tact time)，实现提升产能的目的；另外，我们得到的聚合物表面形貌更加均匀，突起物颗粒尺寸更小，利于减轻液晶面板的碎亮点和漏光等显示不良，提升显示品味。
附图说明
图1为本发明液晶显示层的结构示意图。
本发明的实施方式
参照图1所示，本发明提供了一种改进的液晶显示层，其上基板层1、下基板层2、分别设于上基板层1和下基板层2内侧的透明电极3，所述透明电极3上贴附配向膜4，配向膜4之间分布有液晶介质组合物5，在所述液晶介质组合物5中混合有至少两种可聚合单体，所述可聚合单体含有至少两个环结构或稠环结构，以及两个与环结构直接或间接相连的反应官能团。在聚合物稳定的垂直排列液晶(PSVA，Polmer Stabilized Vertivally Aligned)的制备过程中，对上下基板的透明电极施加电压的情况下，液晶发生偏转，同时照射紫外光，该可聚合单体发生聚合反应。
其中，所述可聚合单体的结构通式可为如下通式中任选一种或多种：
Figure PCTCN2019129113-appb-000003
优选地，所述P 1、P 2相同或不同，可选自甲基丙烯酸酯、丙烯酸酯、乙烯氧基或环氧基中任选一种；Z 1、Z 2、Z 3、Z 4、Z 5相同或不同，可选自单键或碳原子数为1～5的亚烷基，其中，任意的亚甲基可以被-O-、-S-、-CO-、-COO-、-OCO-、-OCOO-、-CH＝CH-、-C＝C-或-C≡C-取代；
Figure PCTCN2019129113-appb-000004
相同或不同，可选自：1,4－亚苯基、1,4－亚环己基、1,4－双环[2,2,2]亚辛基、嘧啶－2,5－二基、萘－2,6-二基、四氢萘－2,6-二基、十氢萘－2,6－二基、1,3－二噁烷-2,5－二基或茚满－2,5－二基；其环上的H可被烷基、卤代烷基、烷氧基、卤素所取代。
所述液晶显示装置，当无外加电压时，液晶垂直于表面排列。聚合物聚合后，会析出沉积在配向膜表面。
其中，所述可聚合单体组合物的质量百分比含量为0.01-1％。
所述可聚合单体组合物进一步包含有带有负性介电常数的液晶组合物组合而成。液晶混合物，含可聚合单体，中性单体，负性介电单体。其中，25℃时的液晶混合物介电常数各向异性(Δε)在-2.0至-8.0的范围。因为VA型显示模式的液晶是负性的，所以限定为负的。
本发明还提供了一种用于液晶显示层的液晶介质组合物，一种液晶介质组合物的制备方法，其包括以下步骤：
步骤1)在上基板层和下基板层的内侧贴附透明电极，在透明电极上贴附配向膜，将液晶介质组合物填充于上基板层和下基板层的配向膜之间，其中，所述液晶介质组合物中混合有至少两种可聚合单体，所述可聚合单体含有至少两个环结构或稠环结构，以及两个与环结构直接或间接相连的反应官能团；
步骤2)对透明电极施加电压，液晶发生偏转，照射紫外光，使得液晶介质组合物的可聚合单体发生聚合反应，使液晶分子取向，形成预倾角，发生交联反应，会形成网络聚合物。
其中，在步骤2)中，照射紫外光，施加电压强度：1V～36V；紫外线波长范围：200～400nm，紫外照度：0.1～100mw/cm 2。
不同聚合物单体会同时反应的，本身是一个自由基聚合的过程。原理是：加电后，液晶倾倒，聚合物反应，形成聚合物网络，锚定住PI表面的液晶分子，从而形成液晶分子定向排列。一般形成预倾角，是第一次曝光，曝光时间：10s～300s，此时需要同步加电；然后进行第二次曝光，目的是消耗剩余的聚合物，提升产品信赖性。自由基反应中，无法控制第二/第三种单体，之前进行调配好后，进行制程。因为可聚合单体是多个官能团的，会发生交联反应，因此会形成网络聚合物。
本发明中的液晶介质组合物，混合有至少两种可聚合单体，所述可聚合单体含有至少两个环结构或稠环结构，以及两个与环结构直接或间接相连的反应官能团。
可聚合单体的结构通式可为如下通式中任选一种或多种：
Figure PCTCN2019129113-appb-000005
所述P 1、P 2相同或不同，可选自甲基丙烯酸酯、丙烯酸酯、乙烯氧基或环氧基中任选一种；Z 1、Z 2、Z 3、Z 4、Z 5相同或不同，可选自单键或碳原子数为1～5的亚烷基，其中任意的亚甲基可以被-O-、-S-、-CO-、-COO-、-OCO-、-OCOO-、-CH＝CH-、-C＝C-或-C≡C-取代；
Figure PCTCN2019129113-appb-000006
相同或不同，可选自：1,4－亚苯基、1,4－亚环己基、1,4－双环[2,2,2]亚辛基、嘧啶－2,5－二基、萘－2,6-二基、四氢萘－2,6-二基、十氢萘－2,6－二基、1,3－二噁烷-2,5－二基或茚满－2,5－二基；其环上的H可被烷基、卤代烷基、烷氧基、卤素所取代。
以下分别具体供通式1、通式2和通式3的组合，按两两聚合或三者一起聚合一起的聚合反应的反应式详列如下：
通式1和通式3：
Figure PCTCN2019129113-appb-000007
通式1和通式2：
Figure PCTCN2019129113-appb-000008
通式1、通式2、和通式3三者一起聚合反应：
Figure PCTCN2019129113-appb-000009
在本发明中，所述通式1、通式2和通式3之间可发生两两聚合和三种结构的聚合反应，其聚合度为1000以上。三种不同的聚合方式中，若选择需要更短的聚合时间，优先三个混合物相互聚合反应，次之选择通式1和通式2之间的聚合反应；聚合后，液晶Host介质不会发生变化；液晶Host不参与反应。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种液晶显示层，其上基板层、下基板层、分别设于上基板层和下基板层内侧的透明电极，所述透明电极上贴附配向膜，配向膜之间分布有液晶介质组合物，其中，在所述液晶介质组合物中混合有至少两种可聚合单体，所述可聚合单体含有至少两个环结构或稠环结构，以及两个与环结构直接或间接相连的反应官能团。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述液晶显示层，其中，所述可聚合单体的结构通式可为如下通式中任选一种或多种：
    Figure PCTCN2019129113-appb-100001
  3. 根据权利要求2所述液晶显示层，其中，所述P 1、P 2相同或不同，可选自甲基丙烯酸酯、丙烯酸酯、乙烯氧基或环氧基中任选一种；
    Z 1、Z 2、Z 3、Z 4、Z 5相同或不同，可选自单键或碳原子数为1～5的亚烷基，其中任意的亚甲基可以被-O-、-S-、-CO-、-COO-、-OCO-、-OCOO-、-CH＝CH-、-C＝C-或-C≡C-取代；
    Figure PCTCN2019129113-appb-100002
    相同或不同，可选自：1,4－亚苯基、1,4－亚环己基、1,4－双环[2,2,2]亚辛基、嘧啶－2,5－二基、萘－2,6-二基、四氢萘－2,6-二基、十氢萘－2,6－二基、1,3－二噁烷-2,5－二基或茚满－2,5－二基；其环上的H可被烷基、卤代烷基、烷氧基、卤素所取代。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述液晶显示层，其中，所述可聚合单体组合物的质量百分比为0.01-1％。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述液晶显示层，其中，所述可聚合单体组合物进一步包含有带有负性介电常数的液晶组合物组合而成。
  6. 一种用于液晶显示层的液晶介质组合物，其中，所述液晶介质组合物中混合有至少两种可聚合单体，所述可聚合单体含有至少两个环结构或稠环结构，以及两个与环结构直接或间接相连的反应官能团。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的液晶介质组合物，其中，可聚合单体的结构通式可为如下通式中任选一种或多种：
    Figure PCTCN2019129113-appb-100003
  8. 根据权利要求7所述液晶介质组合物，其中，所述P 1、P 2相同或不同，可选自甲基丙烯酸酯、丙烯酸酯、乙烯氧基或环氧基中任选一种；
    Z 1、Z 2、Z 3、Z 4、Z 5相同或不同，可选自单键或碳原子数为1～5的亚烷基，其中任意的亚甲基可以被-O-、-S-、-CO-、-COO-、-OCO-、-OCOO-、-CH＝CH-、-C＝C-或-C≡C-取代；
    Figure PCTCN2019129113-appb-100004
    相同或不同，可选自：1,4－亚苯基、1,4－亚环己基、1,4－双环[2,2,2]亚辛基、嘧啶－2,5－二基、萘－2,6-二基、四氢萘－2,6-二基、十氢萘－2,6－二基、1,3－二噁烷-2,5－二基或茚满－2,5－二基；其环上的H可被烷基、卤代烷基、烷氧基、卤素所取代。
  9. 一种液晶介质组合物的制备方法，其中，包括以下步骤：
    步骤1)在上基板层和下基板层的内侧贴附透明电极，在透明电极上贴附配向膜，将液晶介质组合物填充于上基板层和下基板层的配向膜之间，其中，所述液晶介质组合物中混合有至少两种可聚合单体，所述可聚合单体含有至少两个环结构或稠环结构，以及两个与环结构直接或间接相连的反应官能团；
    步骤2)对透明电极施加电压，液晶发生偏转，照射紫外光，使得液晶介质组合物的可聚合单体发生聚合反应，使液晶分子取向，形成预倾角，发生交联反应，会形成网络聚合物。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的液晶介质组合物的制备方法，其中，在步骤2)照射紫外光，施加电压强度：1V～36V；紫外线波长范围：200～400nm，紫外照度：0.1～100mw/cm 2。
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