WO2021107440A1 - Isol 표적물질인 우라늄탄화물/mwcnt 디스크의 제조방법 및 이에 의해 제조된 우라늄 탄화물/mwcnt 디스크 - Google Patents
Isol 표적물질인 우라늄탄화물/mwcnt 디스크의 제조방법 및 이에 의해 제조된 우라늄 탄화물/mwcnt 디스크 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021107440A1 WO2021107440A1 PCT/KR2020/015461 KR2020015461W WO2021107440A1 WO 2021107440 A1 WO2021107440 A1 WO 2021107440A1 KR 2020015461 W KR2020015461 W KR 2020015461W WO 2021107440 A1 WO2021107440 A1 WO 2021107440A1
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- mwcnt
- disk
- uranium
- carbide
- uranium carbide
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- 229910052770 Uranium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N uranium(0) Chemical compound [U] JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 24
- SVTBMSDMJJWYQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpentane-2,4-diol Chemical compound CC(O)CC(C)(C)O SVTBMSDMJJWYQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 239000013077 target material Substances 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 239000002048 multi walled nanotube Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 229910000439 uranium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- WZECUPJJEIXUKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[U+6] Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[U+6] WZECUPJJEIXUKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001238 wet grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000004992 fission Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical group [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003921 particle size analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IQWPWKFTJFECBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N O=[U](=O)O[U](=O)(=O)O[U](=O)=O Chemical compound O=[U](=O)O[U](=O)(=O)O[U](=O)=O IQWPWKFTJFECBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021387 carbon allotrope Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008240 homogeneous mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H6/00—Targets for producing nuclear reactions
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21G—CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ELEMENTS; RADIOACTIVE SOURCES
- G21G1/00—Arrangements for converting chemical elements by electromagnetic radiation, corpuscular radiation or particle bombardment, e.g. producing radioactive isotopes
- G21G1/04—Arrangements for converting chemical elements by electromagnetic radiation, corpuscular radiation or particle bombardment, e.g. producing radioactive isotopes outside nuclear reactors or particle accelerators
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21G—CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ELEMENTS; RADIOACTIVE SOURCES
- G21G1/00—Arrangements for converting chemical elements by electromagnetic radiation, corpuscular radiation or particle bombardment, e.g. producing radioactive isotopes
- G21G1/001—Recovery of specific isotopes from irradiated targets
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a target material for an ISOL system, and more particularly, to a method for manufacturing a large-area MWCNT/uranium oxide disk and heat-treating the disk to produce a uranium carbide/MWCNT disk, and a disk manufactured by the method will be.
- the ISOL system is a system that produces various types of neutron excess rare isotopes (RI) through proton-induced fission by injecting a proton beam (70 MeV, 10 kW) onto a target material existing in the system.
- RI neutron excess rare isotopes
- the inside of the ISOL system becomes a high temperature of about 2,000°C due to the high heat generated by induced fission.
- the thermal conductivity, porosity, and particle size of the uranium material are important in order to release the high heat generated from the target material to the outside of the product and to discharge the generated rare isotopes.
- MWCNT Multi-Wall Carbon Nano Tube
- the uranium material distributed in the matrix includes metal uranium, uranium oxide, and uranium carbide.
- Metal uranium cannot be used because the density of uranium, a fission atom, is high, but its melting point (1132°C) is lower than 2,000°C, which is the internal temperature of the ISOL internal system, and there is a risk of melting.
- Uranium carbide has a higher fission density than uranium oxide, so it can generate a large amount of rare isotopes, and has high thermal conductivity, so it can efficiently radiate heat generated by induced fission to the outside. For the above reasons, it is preferable to use uranium carbide as the target material.
- the target material has been conventionally prepared using a powder metallurgy method. That is, in the conventional method for producing a target material, uranium oxide powder is charged into dies of a press, and then press-molded with a punch to manufacture a disk-shaped molded body, and then this is carbothermic reduction. ) was prepared by converting uranium oxide into uranium carbide.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a large-area thin uranium carbide disk without breakage and bending in order to solve the problems of the prior art, and to provide a uranium carbide disk manufactured by the manufacturing method.
- drying and wet grinding uranium oxide to prepare a uranium oxide powder mixing and dispersing the uranium oxide fine powder and MWCNT in a solvent to prepare a homogeneous uranium oxide/MWCNT mixture; Drying the homogeneous mixture to prepare a uranium oxide / MWCNT mixed powder; preparing a uranium oxide/MWCNT disk by inserting the mixed powder into a mold of a press and then press-molding; And it provides a method of manufacturing a uranium carbide / MWCNT disk comprising the step of heat-treating the molded disk.
- the pulverization may be performed for 200 to 240 minutes at 500 rpm using a planetary mill.
- the uranium oxide is any one of U 3 O 8 or UO 2 can be
- the uranium oxide powder may have a particle diameter of 0.10 ⁇ m to 0.25 ⁇ m.
- the molding apparatus includes a pair of anvils, and each anvil may have a concave or convex shape.
- the anvil may have a depth of 50 to 100 ⁇ m.
- the carbon-thermal reduction step may be performed at a temperature of 1250° C. to 2000° C. and a pressure of 10 - 4 torr to 10 - 6 torr.
- the heat treatment step may be performed after inserting a spacer between each disk.
- the present invention provides a uranium carbide / MWCNT disk prepared by the above method.
- the uranium carbide/MWCNT disk may have a thickness of 1.0 mm to 1.5 mm.
- the uranium carbide/MWCNT disk may have a diameter of 45 mm to 55 mm.
- FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the uranium carbide disk manufacturing process of the present invention.
- 2 is a uranium carbide disk manufactured by the manufacturing method of the present invention.
- 3 shows a microstructure photograph of MWCNTs.
- Figure 4 shows a photograph of the microstructure of the U 3 O 8 /MWCNT mixed powder.
- FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram of a hydraulic forming apparatus having an anvil.
- FIG. 7 is a conceptual diagram of the convex and concave anvils used to manufacture the molded disc of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 shows a large-diameter uranium oxide/MWCNT disk manufactured with or without anvil.
- FIG. 9 shows the shape of the uranium carbide/MWCNT disk formed according to the presence or absence of a spacer in the carbothermal reduction step.
- the left side shows the case with spacers and the right side shows the case without the spacers.
- the uranium oxide may be U 3 O 8 or UO 2+ x (0 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.15).
- UO 2 theoretical density: 10.96 g/cm 3
- U 3 O 8 theoretical density: 8.38 g/cm 3
- U 3 O 8 theoretical density: 8.38 g/cm 3
- Pulverization is easy due to microcracks existing on the surface of the oxidized U 3 O 8 powder particles, and MWCNTs can be added by accurately measuring them in a stoichiometric ratio.
- a powder of UO 2+x generally 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.15
- a method of pulverizing the U 3 O 8 powder is generally a dry or wet method, but it is preferable to use a wet pulverization method to remove heat generated during high-speed rotation.
- the pulverization may be performed using a planetary mill.
- the pulverization is preferably performed for 200 to 240 minutes at 500 rpm using a planetary mill.
- the uranium oxide powder obtained through pulverization under the above conditions may have a particle diameter of 0.10 ⁇ m to 0.25 ⁇ m.
- MWCNTs in the step of preparing the uranium oxide/MWCNT mixture have a porous structure.
- MWCNT has a porous structure in which fine threads are spread like a net as if a skein is unwound, and the uranium oxide powder particles homogeneously entered into the porous network structure are converted into uranium carbide by heat treatment, is fixed
- the net structure of MWCNTs has the advantage of preventing a large amount of heat and facilitating heat dissipation by locally generating the heat generated when the proton beam collides.
- MWCNTs have a structure like tangled threads and are difficult to disperse, it is preferable to use short MWCNTs and add a dispersing agent.
- Ethanol is used as a solvent, and a dispersant may be added to obtain a homogeneous mixed solution.
- the dispersant serves as a binder and a dispersant at the same time.
- the step of preparing the uranium oxide/MWCNT mixed powder includes drying and pulverizing the mixed solution. It is preferable that the powder immediately after drying the dispersion is agglomerated and thus unsuitable for molding, further comprising the step of pulverizing.
- the manufacturing of the uranium oxide/MWCNT disk may be performed using a concave or convex anvil.
- 6 shows a molding apparatus for press-molding U 3 O 8 /MWCNT/dispersant mixed powder.
- Hydraulic forming machines generally consist of dies and two (upper and lower) punches. The shape of the punch surface in contact with the powder may vary, but as the diameter of the punch increases, it is difficult to make various shapes, and the loss is large when defective, so the surface of the punch is generally flat.
- the carbothermal reduction reaction is preferably made in a high temperature of about 2,000 °C or more and a high vacuum of 10 - 6 torr or less.
- the reason for performing the reaction above 2,000 ° C is that the internal temperature of the ISOL system exceeds 2000 ° C due to the high heat generated by induced nuclear fission, preventing the shrinkage of the uranium oxide/MWCNT disk and providing a stable state in the groove in the graphite container. to keep it as
- the reason for performing the reaction in a high vacuum condition of 10 - 6 torr or less is to completely convert U 3 O 8 to UC 2 and to remove volatile substances or impurities generated such as dispersants.
- U 3 O 8 is converted to uranium carbide by the following two-step chemical reaction.
- heat treatment can be performed by stacking several cylindrical shaped disks, but if the disks are thin, when the disks are separated after the heat treatment is finished, the disks stick to each other and it is difficult to separate, making it difficult to recover disks with good shape. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 9 , a cylindrical shaped disk is vertically placed in a plurality of grooves formed at regular intervals inside the graphite container, one by one, and then charged and then heat-treated. However, even in this case, when a molded disk having a large diameter and a thin thickness is heat treated, the disk is contracted by sintering and at the same time the disk is bent due to its own weight (see the right side of FIG. 9).
- spacers having different thicknesses made of graphite were installed. That is, by inserting a cylindrical disk between the spacers, it is possible to manufacture a flat disk without bending the disk during heat treatment.
- the uranium carbide/MWCNT disk manufactured by the method according to the present invention has a diameter of 45 mm to 55 mm and a thickness of 1.0 mm to 1.5 mm.
- the uranium carbide disk is manufactured through the steps of pulverization, mixing and dispersing, molding, and heat treatment of raw material powder as shown in FIG.
- the raw material powder pulverization process is a process of pulverizing U 3 O 8 powder, which is a uranium raw material, using a planetary ball mill.
- the volume of the container used for grinding is 100 mL and the grinding surface is tungsten carbide.
- U 3 O 8 powder pulverized in a single process was 18 g, and the media diameter was 3mm, 1.6mm, and 1mm were mixed with tungsten carbide balls to use 130g. After quantification of U 3 O 8 powder and tungsten carbide balls, it was wet-ground in about 20 mL of IPA.
- the planetary ball mill was operated for a total of 6 hours at 500 rpm with a 3 minute grinding and 1 minute stop.
- Tungsten carbide balls were filtered from the pulverized U 3 O 8 powder and dried with a rotary evaporator to volatilize IPA to prepare U 3 O 8 dry powder.
- the U 3 O 8 powder immediately after drying was pulverized with a mortar because it was difficult to mix with other raw materials because it was agglomerated.
- Figure 5 shows the results of particle size analysis of the U 3 O 8 powder according to the grinding time excluding the stop time, and it was pulverized for at least 200 minutes to pulverize to 0.2 ⁇ m or less.
- the pulverized U 3 O 8 powder is uniformly mixed with Multi Walled Carbon Nanotube (MWCNT) to prepare a U 3 O 8 /MWCNT mixed powder.
- MWCNTs have a microstructure like a tangled skein as shown in FIG. 3, there is a problem in that dispersion is difficult.
- a product with a relatively short length of 2 ⁇ m or less was used, and a dispersing agent (WinSperse4090, Youngjin Corporation) that improves the dispersibility of carbon-based materials was used.
- U 3 O 8 /MWCNT powder was molded using the mold of FIG. At this time, a molded body with a diameter of 50 mm should be molded using the anvil of FIG. 7 .
- 8 is a view showing the degree of bending of the molded body according to the presence or absence of the anvil of the present invention.
- the diameter of the molded body for use in the ISOL target of RISP is 50 mm, and the thickness is about 1.3 mm, and since it is a thin and long shape, if a general anvil is used, bending occurs.
- the molding pressure was about 200 MPa and held for 1 minute.
- U 3 O 8 /MWCNT disks are heat-treated in a vacuum to make uranium carbide disks.
- the operating temperature of RISP's 10 kW ISOL system is about 2000 °C, so the heat treatment temperature should be the same or higher. However, since the limit temperature of the current heat treatment system is 1700 °C, the heat treatment was performed up to 1670 °C while maintaining the vacuum degree of 10 -3 torr.
- the formed body of U 3 O 8 /MWCNT/dispersant was placed at regular intervals in a graphite container as shown in FIG. 9, and graphite spacers were inserted between the formed bodies to prevent warping due to sintering.
- the heat treatment equipment was heated up to 1670 °C in a way that the temperature was constantly increased by 1A per minute by the Joule heating method, and stopped temporarily when the vacuum level exceeded 10 -3 torr.
- the pause section is a section where moisture at about 100 °C is volatilized and a section where a dispersant at 200 ⁇ 500 °C is volatilized and a section where uranium carbide is synthesized at 1250 °C or higher.
- the vacuum degree was lowered to 10 -5 torr or less when the temperature was maintained at 1670° C., as a result of the end of the heat treatment, a thin and large-area uranium carbide/MWCNT disk as shown in FIG. 9 was manufactured.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (11)
- 우라늄산화물을 건조 및 습식분쇄하여 우라늄산화물 분말을 제조하는 단계;상기 우라늄산화물 분말에 MWCNT((Multi-Wall Carbon Nano Tube)와 용매를 혼합 및 분산하여 우라늄산화물/MWCNT 혼합액을 제조하는 단계;상기 혼합액을 건조하여 우라늄산화물/MWCNT의 혼합 분말을 제조하는 단계;상기 혼합 분말을 성형장치(Press)의 몰드(mould)에 장입한 후 가압성형하여 우라늄산화물/MWCNT 디스크를 제조하는 단계; 및상기 성형체를 탄소열환원(Carbothermic Reduction)하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 우라늄탄화물/MWCNT 디스크의 제조방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 분쇄는 유성밀을 이용하여 500rpm으로 200분 내지 240분 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 우라늄탄화물/MWCNT 디스크의 제조방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 우라늄 산화물은 U3O8 또는 UO2인 것을 특징으로 하는 우라늄탄화물/MWCNT 디스크의 제조방법.
- 제 1항에 있어서,상기 우라늄 산화물 분말은 입경이 0.10㎛ 내지 0.25㎛ 인 것을 특징으로 하는 우라늄탄화물/MWCNT 디스크의 제조방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 성형장치는 한쌍의 앤빌을 구비하고,각 앤빌은 오목 또는 볼록한 형태인 것을 특징으로 하는 우라늄탄화물/MWCNT 디스크의 제조방법.
- 제 5 항에 있어서,상기 앤빌은 깊이가 50 내지 100㎛ 인 것을 특징으로 하는 우라늄탄화물/MWCNT 디스크의 제조방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 열처리 단계는 1250 ℃ 내지 2000 ℃의 온도와 10- 4torr 내지 10- 6torr의 압력 조건에서 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 우라늄탄화물/MWCNT 디스크의 제조 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 열처리 단계는 각 성형물 사이에 스페이서를 삽입한 후 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 우라늄탄화물/MWCNT 디스크의 제조방법.
- 제 1 항 또는 제 8 항 중 어느 하나의 방법에 의해 제조되는 우라늄탄화물/MWCNT 디스크.
- 제 9 항에 있어서,상기 우라늄탄화물/MWCNT 디스크의 두께는 1.0mm 내지 1.5 mm 인 것을 특징으로 하는 우라늄탄화물/MWCNT 디스크
- 제 9 항에 있어서,상기 우라늄탄화물/MWCNT 디스크의 직경은 45mm 내지 55mm인 것을 특징으로 하는 우라늄탄화물/MWCNT 디스크.
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CA3162473A CA3162473A1 (en) | 2019-11-28 | 2020-11-06 | Method for producing uranium carbide/mwcnt disc which is isol target material, and uranium carbide/mwcnt disc produced by same |
CH000896/2022A CH718389B1 (fr) | 2019-11-28 | 2020-11-06 | Procédé de production d'un disque en carbure d'uranium/MWCNT qui est un matériau cible pour ISOL et disque en carbure d'uranium/MWCNT produit par celui-ci. |
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KR10-2019-0155920 | 2019-11-28 | ||
KR1020190155920A KR102151033B1 (ko) | 2019-11-28 | 2019-11-28 | Isol 표적물질인 우라늄탄화물/mwcnt 디스크의 제조방법 및 이에 의해 제조된 우라늄 탄화물/mwcnt 디스크 |
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WO2021107440A1 true WO2021107440A1 (ko) | 2021-06-03 |
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KR (1) | KR102151033B1 (ko) |
CA (1) | CA3162473A1 (ko) |
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WO (1) | WO2021107440A1 (ko) |
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CN116283298A (zh) * | 2023-03-03 | 2023-06-23 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | 一种放射性核束装置碳化铀靶材的制备方法 |
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KR102151033B1 (ko) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-09-02 | 한전원자력연료 주식회사 | Isol 표적물질인 우라늄탄화물/mwcnt 디스크의 제조방법 및 이에 의해 제조된 우라늄 탄화물/mwcnt 디스크 |
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CH718389B1 (fr) | 2024-02-29 |
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