WO2021098068A1 - Led显示装置及其驱动方法和芯片 - Google Patents

Led显示装置及其驱动方法和芯片 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021098068A1
WO2021098068A1 PCT/CN2020/076105 CN2020076105W WO2021098068A1 WO 2021098068 A1 WO2021098068 A1 WO 2021098068A1 CN 2020076105 W CN2020076105 W CN 2020076105W WO 2021098068 A1 WO2021098068 A1 WO 2021098068A1
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Prior art keywords
column
display device
lines
led display
led
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PCT/CN2020/076105
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
黄志正
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北京集创北方科技股份有限公司
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Priority to JP2022529751A priority Critical patent/JP7344387B2/ja
Priority to US17/778,795 priority patent/US11741888B2/en
Priority to KR1020227020945A priority patent/KR102645255B1/ko
Publication of WO2021098068A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021098068A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
    • G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • G09G3/3208—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
    • G09G3/3216—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] using a passive matrix
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
    • G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
    • G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • G09G3/3208—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
    • G09G3/3275—Details of drivers for data electrodes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G5/00—Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators
    • G09G5/10—Intensity circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/30—Driver circuits
    • H05B45/32—Pulse-control circuits
    • H05B45/325—Pulse-width modulation [PWM]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2230/00—Details of flat display driving waveforms
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2310/00—Command of the display device
    • G09G2310/02—Addressing, scanning or driving the display screen or processing steps related thereto
    • G09G2310/0264—Details of driving circuits
    • G09G2310/0291—Details of output amplifiers or buffers arranged for use in a driving circuit
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2310/00—Command of the display device
    • G09G2310/06—Details of flat display driving waveforms
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2310/00—Command of the display device
    • G09G2310/08—Details of timing specific for flat panels, other than clock recovery
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
    • G09G2320/02—Improving the quality of display appearance
    • G09G2320/0271—Adjustment of the gradation levels within the range of the gradation scale, e.g. by redistribution or clipping
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
    • G09G2320/06—Adjustment of display parameters
    • G09G2320/0626—Adjustment of display parameters for control of overall brightness
    • G09G2320/064—Adjustment of display parameters for control of overall brightness by time modulation of the brightness of the illumination source
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2330/00—Aspects of power supply; Aspects of display protection and defect management
    • G09G2330/02—Details of power systems and of start or stop of display operation
    • G09G2330/021—Power management, e.g. power saving

Definitions

  • the present invention belongs to the field of display technology, and more specifically relates to an LED display device and its driving method and chip.
  • LEDs Light-emitting diodes
  • the LED display device is a display device that uses LEDs as pixel units, wherein the brightness of the LED corresponds to the gray scale to be displayed.
  • the LED display device is different from the liquid crystal display device.
  • the rotation of the liquid crystal molecules changes the light transmittance of the pixel unit, so that the intensity of the light generated by the backlight after passing through the liquid crystal molecule layer changes.
  • the LED display device changes the display gray scale by controlling the brightness of the light source itself.
  • the LED display device has low power consumption, fast refresh speed, and wide viewing angle, and can be used in a strong light environment and a low temperature environment. Therefore, the LED display device is particularly suitable for use as an outdoor display screen for displaying text, images and videos.
  • a constant current source driven by a pulse width modulation signal is used to drive the LED. Due to the physical characteristics of the LED, the brightness of the LED when it is lit is related to the value of the driving current. Further, by controlling the duty cycle of the pulse width modulation signal, the effective lighting time of the LED can be adjusted, thereby changing the brightness of the LED.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide an LED display device and its driving method and chip, which adjust the column line voltage of each column line to the target voltage during the first time period when the pulse width modulation signal is effective, and improve the low gray scale.
  • the speed at which the constant current is turned on when the image is displayed improves the low-gray-scale linearity during low-gray-scale display.
  • an LED display device including: a plurality of row lines and column lines; a row driving module connected to the plurality of row lines for providing selection signals; column driving Module, connected to the plurality of column lines, and configured to provide a driving signal corresponding to the grayscale data according to the pulse width modulation signal; a plurality of pixel units, each of the plurality of pixel units includes a connection to One of the plurality of row lines and one of the plurality of column lines; and a channel control module connected to the plurality of column lines, wherein the channel control module is used to modulate the pulse width During the first time period when the signal is valid, the column line voltage of the corresponding column line is adjusted to the target voltage.
  • the column driving module is configured to provide a driving current by controlling a constant current source in a second time period after the first time period, so that a plurality of LEDs of the corresponding column line are lit to generate brightness corresponding to the gray scale. .
  • the channel control module includes: a plurality of buffer amplifiers, each of the plurality of buffer amplifiers includes a non-inverting input terminal, an inverting input terminal, an enable terminal, and an output terminal, wherein the non-inverting input terminal is used for The target voltage is received, the inverting input terminal and the output terminal are connected to corresponding column lines, and the enable terminal is used to receive an enable signal.
  • the channel control module further includes: a target voltage generating unit, configured to set the target voltage of the plurality of column lines according to a preset value.
  • the channel control module further includes: a voltage detection unit, connected to the plurality of column lines, and configured to obtain the minimum turn-on voltage of the plurality of column lines; and a target voltage generating unit, configured according to the The minimum turn-on voltages of the plurality of column lines respectively set the respective target voltages of the plurality of column lines.
  • a voltage detection unit connected to the plurality of column lines, and configured to obtain the minimum turn-on voltage of the plurality of column lines
  • a target voltage generating unit configured according to the The minimum turn-on voltages of the plurality of column lines respectively set the respective target voltages of the plurality of column lines.
  • the channel control module further includes: a timing generator for generating the enable signal, and the enable signal is synchronized with the pulse width modulation signal of each column line.
  • the display arrays include LED display arrays, AMOLED display arrays, MicroLED or MiniLED display arrays.
  • a driving method for an LED display device includes a plurality of row lines and column lines and a plurality of pixel units, and each pixel unit includes The LED of one of the plurality of row lines and one of the plurality of column lines, wherein the driving method includes: generating grayscale data according to a display image; generating a pulse width modulation signal according to the grayscale data; and Adjust the column line voltage of the corresponding column line to the target voltage for the first time period when the pulse width modulation signal is valid.
  • the driving method further includes controlling a constant current source to provide a driving current according to the pulse width modulation signal in a second time period after the first time period, so that a plurality of LEDs of the corresponding column lines are lighted to generate and The brightness corresponding to the gray scale.
  • a chip for an LED display device wherein the chip includes at least one of the above-mentioned row driving module, column driving module, and channel control module.
  • the LED display device of the embodiment of the present invention includes a channel control module.
  • the channel control module precharges each column line during the first time period when the pulse width modulation signal is valid, and adjusts the column line voltage of each column line to the target voltage, which can increase
  • the speed at which constant current is turned on when low-gray-scale images are displayed can improve the low-gray-scale linearity during low-gray-scale display.
  • the buffer amplifier in the channel control module can be implemented by the circuit structure inside the constant current drive chip, without adding additional circuit cost and power consumption.
  • the channel control module sets the target voltage of each column line according to the minimum turn-on voltage when each column line is stably output, so as to further compensate for the consistency of low grayscale image display.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of an LED display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 shows a schematic circuit diagram of a column driving module in the LED display device of Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 3 shows a schematic circuit diagram of a channel control module in the LED display device of Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 4 shows a schematic waveform diagram of LED driving according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 shows another schematic circuit diagram of the channel control module in the LED display device of Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of an LED display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the LED display device 100 includes a row driving module 110, a column driving module 120, a channel control module 130, and a display array 160.
  • the display array 160 includes an LED (Light Emitting Diode, light-emitting diode) display array, an AMOLED (Active-matrix organic light-emitting diode, active matrix organic light-emitting diode) display array, and a MicroLED or MiniLED display array.
  • LED Light Emitting Diode, light-emitting diode
  • AMOLED Active-matrix organic light-emitting diode, active matrix organic light-emitting diode
  • MicroLED or MiniLED display array a MicroLED or MiniLED display array.
  • the display array 160 includes a plurality of LEDs arranged in rows and columns. As an example, a display array 160 of 4 rows*6 columns is shown in FIG. 1.
  • the LED includes an anode and a cathode. When a forward voltage is applied between the cathode and the cathode, the LED lights up.
  • the anodes of multiple LEDs in the same row are commonly connected to the same row line, for example, the anodes of the LEDs D11-D16 in the first row are commonly connected to the row line G1.
  • the cathodes of multiple LEDs in the same column are commonly connected to the same column line. For example, the cathodes of the LEDs D11-D41 in the first column are commonly connected to the column line S1.
  • the row driving module 110 is connected to a plurality of row lines G1-G4 for providing selection signals.
  • the row driving module 110 includes a plurality of selection switch tubes, which are respectively connected to one of the plurality of row lines. When the multiple selection switch tubes are turned on, the row line is connected to the high potential terminal via the corresponding selection switch tubes.
  • the column driving module 120 is connected to a plurality of column lines S1-S6, and is used to provide a driving signal corresponding to the grayscale data.
  • the column driving module 120 includes a plurality of constant current sources, which are respectively connected to one of the plurality of column lines.
  • the row driving module 110 selects multiple LEDs in the same row, as described above, the anodes of the multiple LEDs are connected to a high potential, and the cathodes are respectively connected to multiple constant current sources, so that the anodes and cathodes of the multiple LEDs are connected to each other.
  • a forward voltage is applied in between, so that the plurality of LEDs light up.
  • the channel control module 130 is connected to a plurality of column lines S1-S6.
  • the channel control module 130 is configured to precharge the parasitic capacitance between the corresponding column line and the row line in the first time period when the pulse width modulation signal corresponding to each column line S1-S6 is valid, and to reduce the column line voltage of the corresponding column line Adjust to the target voltage.
  • the column driving module 120 controls the constant current source to provide a driving current according to the pulse width modulation signal in a second time period after the first time period, so that the multiple LEDs of the column lines S1-S6 are lit.
  • each pixel in the LED display device 100 may include one or more pixel units.
  • three LEDs can be used to display the red, green, and blue color components.
  • Each LED generates light of the corresponding color according to its own light-emitting characteristics, or additional filters are used to generate light of the corresponding color. .
  • the row driving module 110 scans row by row, for example, and sequentially connects the row lines to a high level.
  • the multiple constant current sources in the column driving module 120 respectively apply constant currents to the multiple LEDs of the row.
  • the column driving module 120 controls the duty cycle of the pulse width modulation signal according to the grayscale data of the corresponding row of the image, thereby changing the effective lighting time of the plurality of LEDs in the corresponding row, thereby adjusting the brightness of the plurality of LEDs, so as to realize the image display.
  • the LED display device 100 may include a driving chip that integrates at least one of the row driving module 110, the column driving module 120, and the channel control module 130 described above.
  • Fig. 2 shows a schematic circuit diagram of a column driving module in the LED display device of Fig. 1.
  • the column driving module 120 is a constant current driving module that generates a constant current output according to serial data.
  • the column driving module 120 includes a shift register 121, a constant current output latch 122, a constant current output control unit 123, an output current adjustment unit 124, a plurality of constant current sources I1-I6, buffers U1-U4, and an inverter U5.
  • the shift register 121 receives the clock signal CLK and the serial input data SDI via the buffers U1 and U2, respectively. For example, on the rising edge of the clock signal CLK, the shift register 121 shifts.
  • the shift register 121 provides serial output data SDO via the buffer U3.
  • the constant current output latch 122 is connected to the shift register 121 and receives the latch enable signal LE via the buffer U4. When the latch enable signal LE is valid, the constant current output latch 122 receives serial data from the shift register 121. When the latch enable signal LE is invalid, the constant current output latch 122 latches the serial data that has been received.
  • the constant current output control unit 123 is connected to the constant current output latch 122, and receives the gate enable signal OE via the inverter U5.
  • the multiple output terminals OUT1-OUT6 provide constant current output.
  • the strobe enable signal OE is valid, the multiple output terminals OUT1 to OUT6 are closed, so that constant current output is not provided.
  • a plurality of constant current sources I1-I6 are connected to the constant current output control unit 123.
  • the constant current output control unit 123 generates a pulse width modulation signal with a corresponding duty cycle according to the serial data, and respectively controls the conduction state of the multiple constant current sources I1-I6, thereby changing the effective lighting time of the LED.
  • the output current adjusting unit 124 receives a current setting signal ISET for setting the current values of the plurality of constant current sources I1-I6.
  • the current setting signal ISET can be generated by an external resistor.
  • the shift register 121 provides serial output data SDO, so a plurality of column driving modules 120 can be connected in series with each other. Although the number of output terminals of each LED constant current driving module is limited, more output terminals can be provided by connecting multiple column driving modules 120 in series to drive a corresponding number of column lines.
  • Fig. 3 shows a schematic circuit diagram of a channel control module in the LED display device of Fig. 1.
  • the channel control module 130 includes a plurality of buffer amplifiers OP1-OP6, a timing generator 131 and a target voltage generating unit 132.
  • the multiple buffer amplifiers OP1-OP6 respectively include a non-inverting input terminal, an inverting input terminal, an output terminal, and an enable terminal.
  • the non-inverting input terminals of the plurality of buffer amplifiers OP1-OP6 are connected to the target voltage generating unit 132 to receive the target voltage VSET, the inverting input terminal and output terminal are connected to corresponding column lines, and the enable terminal is connected to the timing generator 131 .
  • one end of the column lines S1-S6 in FIG. 3 is connected to the plurality of output terminals OUT1-OUT6 of the column driving module 120, and the other end is connected to a plurality of LEDs.
  • the timing generator 131 is used to generate an enable signal EN synchronized with the pulse width modulation signal.
  • the enable signal EN is valid, the plurality of buffer amplifiers OP1-OP6 are turned on; when the enable signal EN is invalid, the plurality of buffer amplifiers OP1-OP6 are turned off.
  • the target voltage generating unit 132 is realized by, for example, a digital-to-analog converter (DAC), and is used to determine the minimum turn-on voltage of the multiple column lines operating under stable conditions according to the received signal.
  • the digital signal generates the target voltage VSET.
  • Fig. 4 shows a schematic waveform diagram of LED driving according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • PWMx, ENx, and VSx respectively represent the pulse width modulation signal of the x-th channel, the enable signal of the x-th channel, and the voltage of the x-th channel over time.
  • the LED display device 100 of this embodiment divides the pre-charging time and the constant-current charging time within the effective lighting time of one LED.
  • the channel control module 130 pulls the column line voltages of the multiple column lines S1-S6 to the target voltage; during the constant current charging time, the column driving module 120 controls the constant current source to the multiple lines according to the pulse width modulation signal.
  • the column lines S1-S6 are charged with a constant current, so that the LEDs of multiple column lines S1-S6 are lit.
  • the timing generator 131 in the channel control module 130 generates the enable signal EN synchronized with the pulse width modulation signal.
  • the pulse width modulation signal and the enable signal EN are both valid at high level and invalid at low level.
  • the pre-charging time and the constant-current charging time are divided within the effective lighting time of one LED.
  • the effective lighting time of an LED is from time t0-t3, and it is divided into precharge time and constant current charging time.
  • the time period of precharge time is from time t0-t1
  • the time period of constant current charging time is from time t1-t2.
  • the pulse width modulation signal PWMx and the enable signal ENx are simultaneously inverted to a valid state, the buffer amplifier OPx in the channel control module 130 is turned on, and the buffer amplifier OPx is based on the difference between the column line voltage VSx of the corresponding column line and the target voltage VSET.
  • the voltage difference provides charging and discharging current, and when the column line voltage VSx is greater than the target voltage VSET, the column line is discharged, and the column line voltage of the column line is pulled down.
  • the buffer amplifier OPx pulls the column line voltage VSx of the corresponding column line to near the target voltage VSET, the column line voltage VSx is less than the target voltage VSET, and the buffer amplifier OPx is turned off.
  • the target voltage VSET is slightly greater than the minimum turn-on voltage of each channel, so the circuit is restored to a constant current source drive circuit.
  • the column drive module 120 controls the constant current source to provide drive current according to the pulse width modulation signal PWMx, and the column line The voltage VSx continues to be pulled down.
  • the column line voltage VSx is pulled down to the minimum turn-on voltage of the x-th channel, the x-th channel is effectively turned on, and multiple LEDs on the column line Sx are lit. Until time t3, the effective lighting of the column line Sx is completed.
  • Fig. 5 shows another schematic circuit diagram of the channel control module in the LED display device of Fig. 1.
  • the channel control module 230 includes a timing generator 231, a target voltage generating unit 232, and a voltage detecting unit 233.
  • the voltage detection unit 233 is realized by, for example, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), and the voltage detection unit 233 is connected to a plurality of column lines S1-S6 for detecting the minimum value of each column line when the output is stable. Turn-on voltage, output a digital signal representing the minimum turn-on voltage of each column line.
  • ADC analog-to-digital converter
  • the target voltage generation unit 232 is realized by, for example, a digital-to-analog converter (DAC), and the target voltage generation unit 232 is connected to the voltage detection unit 233 to represent the minimum turn-on voltage according to the digital data collected by the voltage detection unit 233.
  • the signals respectively set the respective target voltages of the multiple column lines S1-S6.
  • the target voltage generating unit 232 has an input terminal for receiving the minimum turn-on voltage and a plurality of output terminals for providing a plurality of target voltages VSET1-VSET6, each output terminal is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of a corresponding buffer amplifier, This can further compensate the gray-scale linearity and consistency when low-gray-scale images are displayed.
  • the LED display device with a common anode structure is taken as an example for description in the above embodiment, but the channel control module of the embodiment of the present invention is also applicable to the LED display device with a common cathode structure, so that the pulse width modulation signal is effective In the first period of time, the column line voltage of each column line is adjusted to the target voltage, so that the constant current turn-on speed during low grayscale image display can be improved.
  • the LED display device of the embodiment of the present invention includes a channel control module.
  • the channel control module precharges each column line during the first time period when the pulse width modulation signal is valid, and adjusts the column line voltage of each column line to The target voltage can increase the constant current turn-on speed during low-gray-scale image display, and improve the low-gray-scale linearity during low-gray-scale display.
  • the buffer amplifier in the channel control module can be implemented by the circuit structure inside the constant current drive chip, without adding additional circuit cost and power consumption.
  • the channel control module sets the target voltage of each column line according to the minimum turn-on voltage when each column line is stably output, so as to further compensate for the consistency of low grayscale image display.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
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Abstract

一种LED显示装置（100）及其驱动方法和芯片，LED显示装置（100）包括：显示阵列（160），包括多条行线、多条列线以及多个像素单元，多个像素单元中的每个像素单元包括连接至多条行线之一和多条列线之一的LED；行驱动模块（110），与多条行线相连接，用于提供选择信号；列驱动模块（120），与多条列线相连接，用于根据脉宽调制信号提供与灰阶数据相对应的驱动信号；以及通道控制模块（130），与多条列线相连接，用于在脉宽调制信号有效的第一时间段，将相应列线的列线电压调节至目标电压，提高低灰阶图像显示时的恒流开启的速度，改善低灰阶显示时的低灰阶线性度和一致性。

Description

LED显示装置及其驱动方法和芯片
本申请要求了2019年11月20日提交的、申请号为201911141020.X、发明名称为“LED显示装置及其驱动方法和芯片”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明属于显示技术领域，更具体地涉及LED显示装置及其驱动方法和芯片。
背景技术
发光二极管(light-emitting diode,LED)是利用PN结中的少数载流子和多数载流子复合发光的原理工作的二极管。在PN结之间施加正向电压，使得二极管导通，就可以将电能转换成光能。LED显示装置是利用LED作为像素单元的显示装置，其中，LED的亮度与待显示的灰阶相对应。
LED显示装置与液晶显示装置不同。在液晶显示装置中，液晶分子的转动改变了像素单元的透光率，使得背光源产生的光穿过液晶分子层之后的强度发生变化。LED显示装置则是通过控制光源自身的亮度改变显示灰阶。与液晶显示装置相比，LED显示装置的功耗低，刷新速度快，视角广，可以用于强光照环境和低温环境。因此，LED显示装置特别适合于用作室外显示屏，用于显示文字、图像和视频。
在传统的LED显示屏中，采用脉宽调制信号驱动的恒流源驱动LED。由于LED的物理特性，LED在点亮时的亮度与驱动电流的数值相关。进一步地，通过控制脉宽调制信号的占空比，可以调节LED的有效点亮时间，从而改变LED的亮度。
然而，随着LED显示屏的像素间距的减小和集成度的增大，在显示低灰阶图像时，PWM恒流驱动的通道开启速度会减小，导致显示低灰阶图像时的灰阶线性度和一致性变差，影响低灰阶图像的显示效果。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明的目的在于提供一种LED显示装置及其驱动方法和芯片，在脉宽调制信号有效的第一时间段将各个列线的列线电压调节到目标电压，提高低灰阶图像显示时的恒流开启的速度，改善低灰阶显示时的低灰阶线性度。
根据本发明实施例的第一方面，提供了一种LED显示装置，包括：多条行线和列线；行驱动模块，与所述多条行线相连接，用于提供选择信号；列驱动模块，与所述多条列线相连接， 用于根据脉宽调制信号提供与灰阶数据相对应的驱动信号；多个像素单元，所述多个像素单元中的每个像素单元包括连接至所述多条行线之一和所述多条列线之一的LED；以及通道控制模块，与所述多条列线相连接，其中，所述通道控制模块用于在所述脉宽调制信号有效的第一时间段，将相应列线的列线电压调节至目标电压。
优选地，所述列驱动模块用于在所述第一时间段之后的第二时间段通过控制恒流源提供驱动电流，使得相应列线的多个LED点亮以产生与灰阶对应的亮度。
优选地，所述通道控制模块包括：多个缓冲放大器，所述多个缓冲放大器分别包括正相输入端、反相输入端、使能端以及输出端，其中，所述正相输入端用于接收所述目标电压，所述反相输入端和所述输出端连接至相应的列线，所述使能端用于接收使能信号。
优选地，所述通道控制模块还包括：目标电压发生单元，用于根据预设数值设置所述多条列线的目标电压。
优选地，所述通道控制模块还包括：电压检测单元，与所述多条列线相连接，用于获得所述多条列线的最小开启电压；以及目标电压发生单元，用于根据所述多条列线的最小开启电压分别设置所述多条列线各自的目标电压。
优选地，所述通道控制模块还包括：时序发生器，用于产生所述使能信号，所述使能信号与所述各列线的脉宽调制信号相同步。
所述显示阵列包括LED显示阵列、AMOLED显示阵列、MicroLED或MiniLED显示阵列。
根据本发明实施例的第二方面，提供了一种用于LED显示装置的驱动方法，所述LED显示装置包括多条行线和列线以及多个像素单元，每个像素单元包括连接至所述多条行线之一和所述多条列线之一的LED，其中，所述驱动方法包括：根据显示图像生成灰阶数据；根据所述灰阶数据产生脉宽调制信号；以及在所述脉宽调制信号有效的第一时间段，将相应列线的列线电压调节至目标电压。
优选地，所述驱动方法还包括在所述第一时间段之后的第二时间段根据所述脉宽调制信号控制恒流源提供驱动电流，使得相应列线的多个LED点亮以产生与灰阶对应的亮度。
根据本发明实施例的第三方面，提供了一种用于LED显示装置的芯片，其中，所述芯片包括上述的行驱动模块、列驱动模块以及通道控制模块中的至少一个。
本发明实施例的LED显示装置包括通道控制模块，通道控制模块在脉宽调制信号有效的第一时间段对各个列线进行预充电，将各个列线的列线电压调节到目标电压，可以提高低灰阶图像显示时的恒流开启的速度，改善低灰阶显示时的低灰阶线性度。
在替代的实施例中，通道控制模块中的缓冲放大器可以通过恒流驱动芯片内部的电路结构实现，不需要增加额外的电路成本和功耗。
在替代的实施例中，通道控制模块根据每条列线稳定输出时的最小开启电压设置每条列线的目标电压，从而可以进一步补偿低灰阶图像显示时的一致性。
附图说明
通过以下参照附图对本发明实施例的描述，本发明的上述以及其他目的、特征和优点将更为清楚。
图1示出根据本发明实施例的LED显示装置的结构示意图。
图2示出图1的LED显示装置中的列驱动模块的示意性电路图。
图3示出图1的LED显示装置中的通道控制模块的一种示意性电路图。
图4示出根据本发明实施例的LED驱动的示意性波形图。
图5示出图1的LED显示装置中的通道控制模块的另一种示意性电路图。
具体实施方式
以下将参照附图更详细地描述本发明。在各个附图中，相同的元件采用类似的附图标记来表示。为了清楚起见，附图中的各个部分没有按比例绘制。此外，在图中可能未示出某些公知的部分。
在下文中描述了本发明的许多特定的细节，例如器件的结构、材料、尺寸、处理工艺和技术，以便更清楚地理解本发明。但正如本领域的技术人员能够理解的那样，可以不按照这些特定的细节来实现本发明。
图1示出根据本发明实施例的LED显示装置的结构示意图。LED显示装置100包括行驱动模块110、列驱动模块120、通道控制模块130和显示阵列160。
其中，所述显示阵列160包括LED(Light Emitting Diode，发光二极管)显示阵列、AMOLED(Active-matrix organic light-emitting diode，有源矩阵有机发光二极管)显示阵列、MicroLED或MiniLED显示阵列。
例如，显示阵列160包括多个按行和列排列的LED。作为示例，在图1中示出4行*6列的显示阵列160。LED包括阳极和阴极，在阴极和阴极之间施加正向电压时，LED点亮。同一行的多个LED的阳极共同连接至同一条行线，例如，第一行的LED D11-D16的阳极共同连接至行线G1。同一列的多个LED的阴极共同连接至同一条列线，例如，第一列的LED D11-D41的阴极共同连接至列线S1。
行驱动模块110连接至多条行线G1-G4，用于提供选择信号。行驱动模块110内部包括多个选择开关管，分别与多条行线之一相连接。在所述多个选择开关管导通时，所述行线经由相应的选择开关管连接至高电位端。
列驱动模块120连接至多条列线S1-S6，用于提供与灰阶数据相对应驱动信号。列驱动模块120内部包括多个恒流源，分别与多条列线之一相连接。在行驱动模块110选择同一行的多个LED时，如上所述，所述多个LED的阳极连接至高电位，阴极分别连接至多个恒流源，从而在所述多个LED的阳极和阴极之间施加正向电压，使得所述多个LED点亮。
通道控制模块130连接至多条列线S1-S6。通道控制模块130用于在与各列线S1-S6对应的脉宽调制信号有效的第一时间段对相应列线和行线之间的寄生电容进行预充电，将相应列线的列线电压调节到目标电压。然后列驱动模块120在所述第一时间段之后的第二时间段根据脉宽调制信号控制恒流源提供驱动电流，使得列线S1-S6的多个LED点亮。
在上述的LED显示装置100中，显示阵列160中的多个LED分别作为像素单元。可以理解，LED显示装置100中的每个像素都可以包括一个或多个像素单元。例如，在显示彩色图像时，可以采用三个LED分别用于显示红绿蓝的颜色分量，每个LED根据自身的发光特性产生相应颜色的光，或者采用附加的滤光片产生相应颜色的光。
在LED显示装置100显示动态图像期间，行驱动模块110例如逐行扫描，依次将行线连接至高电平。相应地，列驱动模块120中的多个恒流源分别向该行的多个LED施加恒定电流。列驱动模块120根据图像相应行的灰阶数据控制脉宽调制信号的占空比，从而改变相应行的多个LED的有效点亮时间，从而调节所述多个LED的亮度，从而实现图像的显示。
在另外一些实施例中，LED显示装置100可以包括驱动芯片，该驱动芯片集成有上述的行驱动模块110、列驱动模块120以及通道控制模块130中的至少一个。
图2示出图1的LED显示装置中的列驱动模块的示意性电路图。该列驱动模块120是根据串行数据产生恒流输出的恒流驱动模块。
列驱动模块120包括移位寄存器121、恒流输出锁存器122、恒流输出控制单元123、输出电流调节单元124、多个恒流源I1-I6、缓冲器U1-U4、以及反相器U5。
移位寄存器121分别经由缓冲器U1和U2接收时钟信号CLK和串行输入数据SDI。例如，在时钟信号CLK的上升沿，移位寄存器121进行移位。移位寄存器121经由缓冲器U3提供串行输出数据SDO。
恒流输出锁存器122与移位寄存器121相连接，并且经由缓冲器U4接收锁存使能信号LE。在锁存使能信号LE有效时，恒流输出锁存器122从移位寄存器121接收串行数据。在锁存使能信号LE无效时，恒流输出锁存器122锁存已经接收的串行数据。
恒流输出控制单元123与恒流输出锁存器122相连接，并且经由反相器U5接收选通使能信号OE。在选通使能信号OE无效时，多个输出端OUT1-OUT6提供恒流输出。在选通使能信号OE有效时，多个输出端OUT1-OUT6关闭，从而不提供恒流输出。
多个恒流源I1-I6与恒流输出控制单元123相连接。恒流输出控制单元123根据串行数据产生相对应的占空比的脉宽调制信号，分别控制多个恒流源I1-I6的导通状态，从而改变LED的有效点亮时间。
输出电流调节单元124接收电流设置信号ISET，用于设置所述多个恒流源I1-I6的电流数值。该电流设置信号ISET可以由外部的电阻产生。
在该实施例中，移位寄存器121提供串行输出数据SDO，因此可以将多个列驱动模块120彼此串联。尽管每个LED恒流驱动模块的输出端数量有限，但可以通过串联多个列驱动模块120提供更多的输出端，以驱动相应数量的列线。
图3示出图1的LED显示装置中的通道控制模块的一种示意性电路图。通道控制模块130包括多个缓冲放大器OP1-OP6、时序发生器131和目标电压发生单元132。
在该实施例中，多个缓冲放大器OP1-OP6分别包括正相输入端、反相输入端、输出端以及使能端。多个缓冲放大器OP1-OP6的正相输入端连接至所述目标电压发生单元132以接收目标电压VSET，反相输入端和输出端连接至相应的列线，使能端连接至时序发生器131。如前所述，图3中的列线S1-S6的一端连接至列驱动模块120的多个输出端OUT1-OUT6，另一端连接至多个LED。时序发生器131用于产生与所述脉宽调制信号同步的使能信号EN。当使能信号EN有效时，所述多个缓冲放大器OP1-OP6开启；当使能信号EN无效时，所述多个缓冲放大器OP1-OP6关闭。
在本实施例中，目标电压发生单元132例如通过数模转换器(Digital-to-Analog Converter，DAC)实现，用于根据接收到的表征多个列线工作在稳定条件下的最小开启电压的数字信号生成所述目标电压VSET。
图4示出根据本发明实施例的LED驱动的示意性波形图。在图4中，PWMx、ENx、VSx分别表示第x通道的脉宽调制信号、第x通道的使能信号、第x通道的电压随时间的变化。
应当注意，本实施例的LED显示装置100在一个LED的有效点亮时间内划分预充电时间和恒流充电时间。在预充电时间内，通道控制模块130将多条列线S1-S6的列线电压拉到目标电压；在恒流充电时间，由列驱动模块120根据脉宽调制信号控制恒流源对多条列线S1-S6进行恒流充电，使得多条列线S1-S6的LED点亮。
如上所示，通道控制模块130中的时序发生器131产生与脉宽调制信号同步的使能信号EN。在该实施例中，脉宽调制信号与使能信号EN均为高电平有效，低电平无效。
在图5所示的实施例中，在一个LED的有效点亮时间内划分预充电时间和恒流充电时间。例如，一个LED的有效点亮时间从时刻t0-t3，并将其划分为预充电时间和恒流充电时间，预充电时间的时间段从时刻t0-t1，恒流充电时间的时间段从时刻t1-t2。
在时刻t0，脉宽调制信号PWMx和使能信号ENx同时翻转为有效状态，通道控制模块130中的缓冲放大器OPx开启，缓冲放大器OPx根据对应列线的列线电压VSx与目标电压VSET之间的电压差提供充放电电流，并在列线电压VSx大于目标电压VSET时，对该列线进行放电，将该列线的列线电压拉低。
在时刻t1，缓冲放大器OPx将对应列线的列线电压VSx拉到目标电压VSET附近，列线电压VSx小于目标电压VSET，缓冲放大器OPx关闭。在本实施例中，目标电压VSET略大于每个通道的最小开启电压，所以电路恢复为恒流源驱动电路，列驱动模块120根据脉宽调制信号PWMx控制恒流源提供驱动电流，将列线电压VSx继续拉低。
在时刻t2，列线电压VSx被拉低到第x通道的最小开启电压，第x通道有效开启，列线Sx上的多个LED被点亮。直至时刻t3，完成列线Sx的有效点亮。
图5示出图1的LED显示装置中的通道控制模块的另一种示意性电路图。在替代的实施例中，通道控制模块230包括时序发生器231、目标电压发生单元232以及电压检测单元233。其中，电压检测单元233例如通过模数转换器(Analog-to-Digital Converter，ADC)实现，电压检测单元233与多条列线S1-S6连接，用于检测每个列线稳定输出时的最小开启电压，输出表征各个列线的最小开启电压的数字信号。目标电压发生单元232例如通过数模转换器(Digital-to-Analog Converter，DAC)实现，目标电压发生单元232与电压检测单元233连接，以根据电压检测单元233采集到的表征最小开启电压的数字信号分别设置多条列线S1-S6各自的目标电压。为此，目标电压发生单元232具有用于接收最小开启电压的输入端以及提供多个目标电压VSET1-VSET6的多个输出端，每个输出端连接至相应的一个缓冲放大器的正相输入端，从而可以进一步补偿低灰阶图像显示时的灰阶线性度和一致性。
需要说明的是，在上述实施例中以共阳极结构的LED显示装置为例进行说明，但是本发明实施例的通道控制模块同样适用于共阴极结构的LED显示装置，以在脉宽调制信号有效的第一时间段将各个列线的列线电压调节到目标电压，从而可以提高低灰阶图像显示时的恒流开启速度。
综上所述，本发明实施例的LED显示装置包括通道控制模块，通道控制模块在脉宽调制信号有效的第一时间段对各个列线进行预充电，将各个列线的列线电压调节到目标电压，可以提高低灰阶图像显示时的恒流开启的速度，改善低灰阶显示时的低灰阶线性度。
在替代的实施例中，通道控制模块中的缓冲放大器可以通过恒流驱动芯片内部的电路结构实现，不需要增加额外的电路成本和功耗。
在替代的实施例中，通道控制模块根据每条列线稳定输出时的最小开启电压设置每条列线的目标电压，从而可以进一步补偿低灰阶图像显示时的一致性。
应当说明的是，在本文中，诸如第一和第二等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来，而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括所述要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。
依照本发明的实施例如上文所述，这些实施例并没有详尽叙述所有的细节，也不限制该发明仅为所述的具体实施例。显然，根据以上描述，可作很多的修改和变化。本说明书选取并具体描述这些实施例，是为了更好地解释本发明的原理和实际应用，从而使所属技术领域技术人员能很好地利用本发明以及在本发明基础上的修改使用。本发明仅受权利要求书及其全部范围和等效物的限制。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种LED显示装置，包括：
    显示阵列，包括多条行线、多条列线以及多个像素单元，所述多个像素单元中的每个像素单元包括连接至所述多条行线之一和所述多条列线之一的LED；
    行驱动模块，与所述多条行线相连接，用于提供选择信号；
    列驱动模块，与所述多条列线相连接，用于根据脉宽调制信号提供与灰阶数据相对应的驱动信号；以及
    通道控制模块，与所述多条列线相连接，
    其中，所述通道控制模块用于在所述脉宽调制信号有效的第一时间段，将相应列线的列线电压调节至目标电压。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的LED显示装置，其特征在于，所述列驱动模块用于在所述第一时间段之后的第二时间段通过控制恒流源提供驱动电流，使得相应列线的多个LED点亮以产生与灰阶对应的亮度。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的LED显示装置，其特征在于，所述通道控制模块包括：
    多个缓冲放大器，所述多个缓冲放大器分别包括正相输入端、反相输入端、使能端以及输出端，
    其中，所述正相输入端用于接收所述目标电压，所述反相输入端和所述输出端连接至相应的列线，所述使能端用于接收使能信号。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的LED显示装置，其特征在于，所述通道控制模块还包括目标电压发生单元，用于根据预设数值设置所述多条列线的目标电压。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的LED显示装置，其特征在于，所述通道控制模块还包括：
    电压检测单元，与所述多条列线相连接，用于获得所述多条列线的最小开启电压；以及
    目标电压发生单元，用于根据所述多条列线的最小开启电压分别设置所述多条列线各自的目标电压。
  6. 根据权利要求3-5任一项所述的LED显示装置，其特征在于，所述通道控制模块还包括时序发生器，用于产生所述使能信号，所述使能信号与所述各列线的脉宽调制信号相同步。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的LED显示装置，其特征在于，所述显示阵列包括LED显示阵列、AMOLED显示阵列、MicroLED或MiniLED显示阵列。
  8. 一种用于LED显示装置的驱动方法，所述LED显示装置包括多条行线和列线以及多个像素单元，每个像素单元包括连接至所述多条行线之一和所述多条列线之一的LED，其中，所述驱动方法包括：
    根据显示图像生成灰阶数据；
    根据所述灰阶数据产生脉宽调制信号；以及
    在所述脉宽调制信号有效的第一时间段，将相应列线的列线电压调节至目标电压。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的驱动方法，其特征在于，还包括在所述第一时间段之后的第二时间段根据所述脉宽调制信号控制恒流源提供驱动电流，使得相应列线的多个LED点亮以产生与灰阶对应的亮度。
  10. 一种用于LED显示装置的芯片，其特征在于，所述芯片包括权利要求1-7任一项所述的行驱动模块、列驱动模块以及通道控制模块中的至少一个。
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