WO2021097644A1 - 电池包及交通设备 - Google Patents

电池包及交通设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021097644A1
WO2021097644A1 PCT/CN2019/119354 CN2019119354W WO2021097644A1 WO 2021097644 A1 WO2021097644 A1 WO 2021097644A1 CN 2019119354 W CN2019119354 W CN 2019119354W WO 2021097644 A1 WO2021097644 A1 WO 2021097644A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
assembly
battery
battery pack
exhaust passage
restraint
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/119354
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
游凯杰
汪用广
王鹏
陈兴地
唐彧
陆泽全
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority to EP19910917.4A priority Critical patent/EP3852188A4/en
Priority to KR1020227014805A priority patent/KR20220078641A/ko
Priority to PCT/CN2019/119354 priority patent/WO2021097644A1/zh
Priority to CN201980097284.1A priority patent/CN113966565B/zh
Priority to US16/980,316 priority patent/US12074337B2/en
Priority to JP2022526106A priority patent/JP7417725B2/ja
Publication of WO2021097644A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021097644A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/64—Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B60L58/26—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by cooling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H01M10/0481—Compression means other than compression means for stacks of electrodes and separators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/262—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks
    • H01M50/264—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks for cells or batteries, e.g. straps, tie rods or peripheral frames
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/289—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs
    • H01M50/293—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs characterised by the material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/342—Non-re-sealable arrangements
    • H01M50/3425—Non-re-sealable arrangements in the form of rupturable membranes or weakened parts, e.g. pierced with the aid of a sharp member
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/383—Flame arresting or ignition-preventing means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/545—Temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery pack and transportation equipment.
  • rechargeable battery packs have been widely used to power vehicles.
  • Multiple battery cells in the battery pack are connected in series, in parallel or in series to achieve larger capacity or power.
  • the space where the battery cell is located in the current battery pack is isolated from the outside.
  • the sprayed sparks and hot air will diffuse in the bin where the battery cell is located.
  • the sparks and hot air ejected from the battery cells after thermal runaway will quickly increase the temperature in the bin, especially at locations close to the thermal runaway battery cells, where the temperature often exceeds the trigger temperature of the battery cell thermal runaway.
  • sparks ejected from a thermally runaway battery cell may splash to the surrounding battery cells, which easily causes the surrounding battery cells to run out of thermal control one after another, causing a chain reaction, which poses a great safety hazard.
  • a battery pack including:
  • the constraining component is arranged in the box assembly, the interior of the constraining component has an accommodating cavity, there is a first exhaust channel between the constraining component and the box assembly, and the constraining component is provided with a communicating hole, which connects the accommodating cavity and the second An exhaust passage is connected;
  • the battery module is arranged in the accommodating cavity.
  • a plurality of fixed beams are provided inside the box assembly, the restraining assembly is fixed to two adjacent fixed beams, and the first exhaust passage is enclosed between the restraining assembly, the box assembly and the fixed beams.
  • the battery module includes a plurality of battery cells, and each battery cell is provided with a first explosion-proof valve;
  • each of the first explosion-proof valves faces the second exhaust passage, and the communication hole connects the second exhaust passage with the first exhaust passage.
  • the battery pack further includes: a fireproof member, a first explosion-proof valve arranged between the restraining component and the battery module and covering each battery cell, and a second exhaust channel is formed between the fireproof member and the battery module .
  • a plurality of communication holes are provided on the restraint assembly, and each communication hole is provided in a one-to-one correspondence with each first explosion-proof valve.
  • Exhaust channel there is a first gap between the outer wall surface of the constraining component and the inner wall surface of the box assembly, the outer wall surface of the constraining component and the inner wall surface of the box assembly face each other in the height direction, and the first gap forms a first gap.
  • the battery module includes a plurality of battery cells, the first side of each battery cell is opposite to the top wall or the bottom wall of the constraining component, the first side is the largest side of the battery cell, and each battery cell
  • the first explosion-proof valve is provided on the second surface of the second surface, and the second surface is perpendicular to the first surface;
  • the communicating hole is provided on the top wall or the bottom wall of the restraining component.
  • the second surface of each battery cell is set toward the side wall of the constraining component, and a second gap is provided between the inner surface of the side wall of the constraining component on the corresponding side, and the second gap forms a second row.
  • the air passage and the communicating hole are provided at a position corresponding to the second gap on the constraining component, and connect the second exhaust passage and the first exhaust passage.
  • the battery pack further includes a fireproof piece, and the fireproof piece includes:
  • the first part abuts against the inner surface of the side wall of the constraining component, and forms a second gap with the second surface of each battery cell on the corresponding side;
  • Two second parts respectively connected to both ends of the first part in the height direction, and extend toward the second surface until abutting against the second surface, the second part is provided with an escape hole at a position corresponding to the communicating hole;
  • the first explosion-proof valve is located between the two second parts.
  • the box body assembly includes: a box body and a cover body that are buckled with each other in a height direction, and a plurality of fixed beams are arranged in the box body;
  • the constraining assembly includes: a first constraining part and a second constraining part, the first constraining part and the second constraining part are buckled with each other in the height direction to form an accommodating cavity;
  • the communicating hole is provided on the first restricting member, there is a first gap along the height direction between the box body and the first restricting member, and the first gap forms a first exhaust passage.
  • the first restricting member includes: a first restricting portion and two first mounting portions, the first restricting portion covers a portion of the battery module close to the box body, and the two first mounting portions are respectively connected to the first A limit part along the two sides of the arrangement direction of the plurality of fixed beams; and
  • the second restricting member includes: a second restricting portion and two second mounting portions, the second restricting portion covers the portion of the battery module close to the cover, and the two second mounting portions are respectively connected to the edge of the second restricting portion.
  • an accommodating cavity is formed between the first limiting portion and the second limiting portion, and the second mounting portion and the first mounting portion located on the same side of the battery module are superimposed in the height direction and fixed on the same fixed beam .
  • the first limiting portion protrudes in a direction close to the bottom surface of the box with respect to the first mounting portion as a whole;
  • the entire second limiting portion protrudes in a direction toward the top surface of the cover relative to the second mounting portion.
  • the battery pack further includes:
  • the second explosion-proof valve is arranged in the box assembly and communicates with the first exhaust channel.
  • Another aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure provides a transportation device, including the battery pack of the above-mentioned embodiment, and the battery pack is used to provide electric energy.
  • a constraining component is provided in the box assembly, and the constraining component has an accommodating cavity for accommodating the battery module. Because the battery module is located in the constraining assembly, when the battery module is thermally out of control, the jetted sparks and hot air will directly enter the first exhaust passage through the communication hole from the containing cavity, which facilitates the discharge of fluids and prevents fluids. Access to other restraint components affects the normal battery module, thereby improving the safety of the battery pack.
  • FIG. 1 is an exploded schematic diagram of some embodiments of the battery pack of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a state in which the battery pack shown in Fig. 1 removes the battery module and the restraint assembly from the box body as a whole;
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a state in which the cover of the battery pack shown in Fig. 1 is opened;
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the battery pack shown in FIG. 1 in the xz plane;
  • Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the battery pack shown in Figure 1 in the yz plane;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first restraining member in the battery pack shown in FIG. 1;
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fireproof part in the battery pack shown in Fig. 1;
  • Figure 8 is an exploded schematic diagram of some embodiments of battery cells in the battery pack
  • Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view of a battery cell using a wound electrode assembly along the xz plane
  • Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a battery cell using a laminated electrode assembly along the xz plane.
  • Battery module; 2A battery cell assembly; 20, battery cell; 21, housing; 22, electrode assembly; 221, first pole piece; 222, second pole piece; 223, diaphragm; 224, flat 23.
  • Adapter sheet; 24. Cover plate assembly; 241. Cover plate; 242.
  • First explosion-proof valve; 26. End plate; S1. ; S2, the second side; S3, the third side;
  • Constraint component 31, first constraint; 311, first limiting part; 312, first mounting part; 313, first mounting hole; 32, second constraint; 321, second limiting part; 322 , The second mounting part; 323, the second mounting hole; 33, the communicating hole;
  • first and second appearing in the present disclosure are only for convenience of description, to distinguish different components with the same name, and do not indicate a sequence or a primary-secondary relationship.
  • the element when an element is referred to as being “on” another element, the element may be directly on the other element, or it may be indirectly on the other element with one or More intermediate components.
  • the element when an element is referred to as being “connected to” another element, the element may be directly connected to the other element, or may be indirectly connected to the other element with one or more interposed therebetween.
  • a middle element In the following, the same reference numerals denote the same elements.
  • multiple refers to two or more (including two).
  • multiple groups refers to two or more groups (including two groups), and “multiple roots” refers to two or more. (Including two).
  • the coordinate system in Figure 1 defines the directions of the battery pack.
  • the x direction represents the length direction of the battery pack (hereinafter referred to as the length direction); the y direction represents the battery pack’s length direction.
  • the width direction (hereinafter referred to as the width direction); the z direction is perpendicular to the plane formed by the x and y directions, and represents the height direction of the battery pack (hereinafter referred to as the height direction). Based on this definition of orientation, “up”, “down”, “top”, and “bottom” are used, all of which are relative to the height direction.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a battery pack and transportation equipment, which can improve the safety of the battery pack.
  • FIGS 1 to 10 are schematic structural diagrams of some embodiments of the battery pack of the present disclosure.
  • the battery pack can be used in transportation equipment to provide electrical energy for the operation of the equipment.
  • the transportation equipment includes vehicles or ships.
  • the battery pack may include: a box assembly 1, a restraining assembly 3, and a battery module 2.
  • the constraining assembly 3 is arranged in the box assembly 1.
  • the interior of the constraining assembly 3 forms an accommodating cavity 6.
  • the communication hole 33 communicates the containing cavity 6 with the first exhaust passage 7.
  • the battery module 2 is arranged in the accommodating cavity 6.
  • a plurality of battery modules 2 can be arranged in the battery pack, and a plurality of restraining components 3 are arranged correspondingly, and each battery module 2 is correspondingly arranged in the accommodating portion of each restraining component 3.
  • a battery module 2 is arranged in each accommodating cavity 6.
  • the size of the accommodating cavity 6 is adapted to the overall external size of the corresponding battery module 2.
  • the battery module 2 includes a plurality of battery cells 20. For example, one layer or multiple layers of battery cells 20 may be arranged in the battery module 2 along the height direction.
  • the battery module 2 is arranged in the restraining assembly 3, and the restraining assembly 3 seals the battery module 2 in an area other than the communicating hole 33, and each restraining assembly 3 is independent of each other.
  • fluid will be ejected.
  • the fluid includes hot air, sparks and mist-like electrolyte mixed in the hot air, and the fluid can only enter directly from the containing cavity 6 through the communicating hole 33.
  • the first exhaust channel 7 facilitates the discharge of fluid, and can prevent the fluid from entering other restraining components 3 and affecting the battery module 2 with normal performance to have a chain reaction, thereby improving the safety of the battery pack.
  • a plurality of fixed beams 12 are provided inside the box assembly 1, and each fixed beam 12 can be arranged at intervals along the length direction (x direction) or the width direction (y direction) of the box assembly 1, and the restraint assembly 3 is fixed.
  • a first exhaust passage 7 is enclosed between the constraining assembly 3, the box assembly 1 and the fixed beam 12. Therefore, the first exhaust passage 7 can be directly enclosed by the box assembly 1, the restraining assembly 3 and the fixed beam 12 without adding additional structural parts, which can simplify the structure and reduce the processing difficulty.
  • the box assembly 1 may include: a box body 11 and a cover body 13 that are buckled with each other in the height direction, the cover body 13 closes the open end of the box body 11, and the closure here refers to the sealed connection of the box body 11 and the cover body 13 , Which can prevent external liquid and water vapor from entering the battery pack and improve the safety performance of the battery pack.
  • the box body 11 is located at the bottom of the cover body 13, and each fixed beam 12 can be fixed to the box body 11.
  • the fixed beam 12 may be fixed on the inner bottom surface or the side wall of the box body 11.
  • a solid structure or a hollow structure may be adopted, for example, a weight reduction groove 122 is provided in the fixed beam 12.
  • the cross section of the fixed beam 12 can be rectangular, trapezoidal or C-shaped, and the upper surface of the fixed beam 12 can be set to be flat to fix the constraining component 3 on the upper surface of the fixed beam 12.
  • the constraining component 3 can also be fixed to the fixed beam. 12 on the side.
  • each battery cell 20 is provided with a first explosion-proof valve 25, which is used to open when the internal and external pressure difference of the battery cell 20 exceeds a first preset pressure value to remove the battery cell The gas within 20 is discharged.
  • a second exhaust passage 8 is formed between the restraint assembly 3 and the internal battery module 2.
  • Each of the first explosion-proof valves 25 faces the second exhaust passage 8, and the communication hole 33 connects the second exhaust passage 8 communicates with the first exhaust passage 7.
  • the volume of the second exhaust passage 8 is smaller than the volume of the first exhaust passage 7, so that the pressure in the second exhaust passage 8 is greater than the pressure in the first exhaust passage 7, which can make the battery cell
  • the fluid released by the body 20 through the first explosion-proof valve 25 smoothly enters the first exhaust passage 7 from the second exhaust passage 8 to ensure that the fluid is quickly guided to the outside of the battery pack according to a predetermined exhaust path, and other battery modules 2 are lowered. The risk of thermal runaway will further improve the safety of the battery pack.
  • the battery pack of the present disclosure may further include: a fireproof member 4, a first explosion-proof valve 25 arranged between the restraint assembly 3 and the battery module 2 and covering each battery cell 20, and a fireproof member A second exhaust channel 8 is formed between 4 and the battery module 2.
  • the fireproof member 4 may be made of fireproof material, such as mica board, or the metal structure may be coated with a fireproof coating.
  • the fireproof member 4 can prevent the fluid from directly impacting the restraint assembly 3 when the battery cell 20 is thermally out of control and releases fluids such as hot air and sparks through the first explosion-proof valve 25. Since the restraint assembly 3 is generally formed by bending a thin plate, When the fluid temperature is high or the velocity is high, it is easy to cause the constraining assembly 3 to deform or break through the constraining assembly 3, so that the fluid can safely enter the first exhaust passage 7 through the communication hole 33, which improves the safety and reliability of the battery pack structure. Sex.
  • the following takes the battery pack shown in FIG. 1 as an example to specifically describe the specific structures that can be used for the above-mentioned components.
  • Each battery cell 20 in the battery module 2 forms at least one battery cell assembly 2A, and the electrical connection between the battery cell assemblies 2A is set to be serial, parallel, or both series and parallel as required.
  • the battery cell assembly 2A An end plate 26 is provided at the end of the fixed beam 12 in the extending direction.
  • two adjacent battery cell assemblies 2A can be installed with electrode terminals facing each other, and a safe distance needs to be left between the electrode terminals of adjacent battery cell assemblies 2A; or, two adjacent battery cell assemblies 2A
  • Each battery cell assembly 2A can be installed in a manner in which the electrode terminals are separated from each other, which can save installation space, and a cooling plate can be arranged between two adjacent battery cell assemblies 2A to achieve cooling, so that a cooling plate can be used to simultaneously face each other.
  • Two adjacent battery cell assemblies 2A are cooled.
  • the battery cell assembly 2A includes a plurality of battery cells 20 arranged side by side in the length direction or the width direction of the battery pack.
  • the battery cell 20 includes a first surface S1, a second surface S2, and a third surface S3.
  • the first surface S1 is the largest side surface of the battery cell 20; the second surface S2 is perpendicular to the first surface.
  • S1, the second surface S2 is provided with a first explosion-proof valve 25, a first electrode terminal 242, and a second electrode terminal 243;
  • the third surface S3 is arranged opposite to the second surface S2.
  • the first surface S1 of each battery cell 20 is opposite to the top wall or the bottom wall of the constraining assembly 3.
  • This placement method is also called flat placement, which can improve the space utilization rate inside the battery pack. Since the height of the battery cell assembly 2A in the height direction is relatively short, the overall height of the battery pack can be reduced by adopting the horizontal arrangement, which is more suitable for vehicles with relatively short battery pack installation space. Moreover, for the arrangement of each battery cell 20 lying flat, the positive and negative electrodes of the electrode assembly 22 are stacked along the height direction of the battery pack, which can transmit the expansion force of the battery cell 20 in the height direction, thereby being able to pass through the restraining assembly 3 The expansion force generated by the electrode assembly 22 is suppressed. Even if the restraining assembly 3 deforms under the action of the expansion force, the first exhaust passage 7 can also provide an expansion space for the restraining assembly 3.
  • each battery cell 20 may be opposite to the top wall of the restraining assembly 3.
  • the battery cells 20 in the same battery cell assembly 2A are arranged side by side along the length direction (x direction). Two rows of battery cell assemblies 2A are arranged in the width direction (x direction). In practical applications, three rows or more can also be arranged. In the height direction (z direction), one or more layers of battery cell assemblies 2A may also be provided, and each layer of battery cell assemblies 2A may be stacked in the height direction.
  • the battery pack may include a heat insulation layer 10, which is provided between two adjacent battery cells 20, for example, A heat insulation layer 10 is provided between two adjacent layers of battery cells 20 in the height direction, or a heat insulation layer 10 is also provided between adjacent battery cells 20 in the horizontal plane.
  • the thermal insulation layer 10 may be thermal insulation glue, which can fix the battery cells 20 to each other while achieving a thermal insulation effect.
  • a plurality of communication holes 33 are provided on the restraint assembly 3, and each communication hole 33 is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with each first explosion-proof valve 25 of a single layer.
  • the constraining assembly 3 is provided with a row of communicating holes 33 on both sides of the region along the arrangement direction of the plurality of fixed beams 12,
  • Each column of the communication holes 33 includes a plurality of communication holes 33 spaced apart along the extension direction of the fixed beam 12, and are respectively arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the first explosion-proof valves 25 of the single-layer battery cells 20 in the battery cell assembly 2A.
  • the communication hole 33 may have a circular shape, an oval shape, a polygon shape, or other irregular shapes.
  • This structure can enable any battery cell 20 in the battery module 2 to cause thermal runaway, and the released fluid can enter the first exhaust passage 7 through the communication hole 33 at the corresponding position in the shortest path, and pass through the multiple The two communication holes 33 are discharged at the same time, which can reduce the fluid discharge time and reduce the risk of thermal runaway of other battery cells 20 in the battery module 2 or other battery modules 2.
  • This structure enables the space between the constraining assembly 3 and the box assembly 1 to be used as the first exhaust passage 7, which has a larger area.
  • the air pressure in the first exhaust passage 7 is increased. It is low, so that the fluid released when the heat is out of control can be discharged more smoothly, preventing more fluid from accumulating in the accommodating cavity 6, can quickly reduce the air pressure and temperature in the accommodating cavity 6, and improve the safety of the battery pack.
  • the communication hole 33 is provided on the top or bottom wall of the constraining assembly 3 and is located on the same side as the first exhaust passage 7 in the height direction.
  • the fluid released when the battery module 2 is thermally out of control can directly enter the first exhaust passage 7 after passing through the communication hole 33 from the second exhaust passage 8 without passing through an additional guide path, which can improve fluid discharge efficiency.
  • the fluid pressure can be reduced instantly, and the temperature will also decrease accordingly, which can prevent the pressure and temperature in the battery pack from continuously increasing and increase Work safety.
  • the communication hole 33 is provided on the bottom wall of the constraining component 3, and the first gap L1 between the outer wall surface of the bottom of the constraining component 3 and the inner wall surface of the bottom of the box assembly 1 forms the first exhaust passage 7.
  • the second surface S2 of each battery cell 20 is set toward the side wall of the constraining component 3, and a second gap L2 is provided between the second surface S2 of the side wall of the constraining component 3 on the corresponding side and the second surface S2.
  • the gap L2 forms the second exhaust passage 8, and the communication hole 33 is provided at a position corresponding to the second gap L2 on the constraining assembly 3, and connects the second exhaust passage 8 and the first exhaust passage 7.
  • the second gap L2 By setting the second gap L2, it is possible to leave space for the first electrode terminal 242, the second electrode terminal 243, and the confluence fluid connecting the first electrode terminal 242 and the second electrode terminal 243, and also for the first explosion-proof valve 25 and restraint There is a space between the side walls of the assembly 3.
  • the fluid When the battery cell 20 is thermally out of control, the fluid is released through the first explosion-proof valve 25, diffuses into the second exhaust channel 8, and quickly flows to the second exhaust channel 8 through the plurality of communication holes 33.
  • the pressure in the second exhaust passage 8 is higher than that in the first exhaust passage 7, so that the fluid can be smoothly discharged according to the preset path.
  • the fireproof member 4 includes: a first part 42 and two second parts 43.
  • the first part 42 abuts against the inner surface of the side wall of the restraint assembly 3. , And form a second gap L2 with the second surface S2 of each battery cell 20 on the corresponding side.
  • the two second portions 43 are respectively connected to both ends of the first portion 42 in the height direction and face the second surface S2. Extending until it abuts on the second surface S2, an escape hole 41 is provided on the second portion 43 at a position corresponding to the communicating hole 33.
  • the first explosion-proof valve 25 is located between the two second parts 43. Further, the two second parts 43 can respectively abut against the top wall and the bottom wall of the restraining assembly 3.
  • the escape hole 41 can be provided on the second part 43 at the bottom.
  • the communicating hole 33 is a rectangular slot.
  • the escape hole 41 can also be a rectangular hole, and is located in the second part.
  • the side of 43 away from the first part 42 is open. Therefore, the second part 43 is provided with a plurality of avoidance holes 41 at intervals along the extension direction of the fixed beam 12. This structure is easy to process and can not affect the discharge of fluid at the same time. Increase the structural stability of the fireproof element 4.
  • the fireproof member 4 forms a space surrounding the first explosion-proof valve 25 as a whole, and forms a second exhaust channel 8 between the second surface S2 of each battery cell 20, and can pass through the first explosion-proof valve when thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell 20 25 When releasing fluids such as hot air and sparks, prevent the fluid from directly impacting the constraining component 3. Leaning the fireproof element 4 against the restraint assembly 3 can reliably position the fireproof element 4 and prevent shaking.
  • the constraining assembly 3 includes: a first constraining piece 31 and a second constraining piece 32.
  • the first constraining piece 31 and the second constraining piece 32 are buckled with each other in the height direction to form the accommodating cavity 6, and the first constraining piece
  • the member 31 is used to restrict the degree of freedom of the battery module 2 moving toward the box body 11 along the height direction
  • the second restricting member 32 is used to restrict the degree of freedom of the battery module 2 moving toward the cover body 13 along the height direction.
  • the communication hole 33 is provided on the first restricting member 31, there is a first gap L1 between the box body 11 and the first restricting member 31 along the height direction, and the first gap L1 forms the first exhaust passage 7.
  • the communicating hole 33 is provided on the first restraining member 31 at the bottom, and the first exhaust passage 7 is formed through the first gap L1 between the first restraining member 31 and the box body 11, and the battery pack is installed on the vehicle.
  • the higher temperature airflow is concentrated on the bottom area of the battery pack and discharged, so as to prevent the impact on people and objects in the vehicle body and improve the safety of the vehicle body.
  • the first restricting member 31 includes: a first restricting portion 311 and two first mounting portions 312.
  • the first restricting portion 311 covers a portion of the battery module 2 close to the box 11, and two The first mounting portions 312 are respectively connected to two sides of the first limiting portion 311 along the arrangement direction of the plurality of fixed beams 12. The entire first limiting portion 311 protrudes toward the bottom surface of the box 11 relative to the first mounting portion 312.
  • the second restraining member 32 includes: a second limiting portion 321 and two second mounting portions 322.
  • the second limiting portion 321 covers the portion of the battery module 2 close to the cover 13, and the two second mounting portions 322 are respectively connected to
  • the second limiting portion 321 is along two sides of the arrangement direction of the plurality of fixed beams 12;
  • the accommodating cavity 6 is formed between the first limiting portion 311 and the second limiting portion 321, and the second mounting portion 322 and the first mounting portion 312 located on the same side of the battery module 2 are superimposed in the height direction, and It is fixed on the same fixed beam 12 by a set of fasteners 5.
  • the entire second limiting portion 321 protrudes relative to the second mounting portion 322 toward the top surface of the cover 13.
  • the first mounting portion 312 is provided with a plurality of first mounting holes 313 at intervals along the extension direction of the fixed beam 12, and the second mounting portion 322 is provided with a plurality of second mounting holes at intervals along the extension direction of the fixed beam 12.
  • the mounting holes 323 are provided with a plurality of third mounting holes 121 at intervals along the extending direction of the fixed beam 12.
  • the fastener 5 penetrates the second mounting hole 323, the first mounting hole 313, and the third mounting hole 121 sequentially from the top, so as to fix the first constraining member 31 and the second constraining member 32 to the fixed beam 12.
  • the battery pack further includes: a second explosion-proof valve 9 arranged in the box assembly 1 and communicating with the first exhaust passage 7 for the internal and external pressure difference of the box assembly 1 to exceed a second preset pressure Turn on when the value is set to drain the internal fluid.
  • the second explosion-proof valve 9 may be provided on the side wall of the cover 13 at one end of the fixed beam 12.
  • a first flange 111 is provided around the open end of the box 11
  • a second flange 131 is provided around the cover 13 and the first flange 111 and The second flanges 131 can be fixed by bonding or connecting with fasteners.
  • the battery pack of the foregoing embodiment covers different battery modules 2 through a plurality of second restraining members 32, and is fixed to the corresponding fixing beam 12, which is equivalent to adding a fixing point between the second restraining member 32 and the box body 11. Therefore, the span between the fixed points is reduced, and the deformation resistance of the second constraining member 32 can be improved.
  • the second restraining member 32 is not easily deformed, which can further provide a stable pressing force to the battery module 2 to prevent the size of the battery pack from increasing in the height direction, and it is not easy to cause the second restraining member
  • the deformation of 32 squeezes the cover 13 to increase the service life of the battery pack.
  • FIG. 4 and 5 are used to describe the fluid discharge method of the battery pack of the present disclosure when thermal runaway occurs.
  • the battery cell 20 will release fluids such as hot air and sparks through the first explosion-proof valve 25, and enter the second exhaust channel 8 Circulates and enters the first exhaust passage 7 through the plurality of communication holes 33 on the first restricting portion 311 during the flow process.
  • the fluid flows in the first exhaust passage 7 and exits from the constraining assembly 3.
  • the space with the side of the box assembly 1 flows upward, so that it is discharged out of the battery pack through the second explosion-proof valve 9.
  • This type of battery pack can prevent sparks from splashing on other battery modules 2 with normal performance, and at the same time prevent hot air from baking other battery modules 2 and reduce the risk of thermal runaway of multiple battery modules 2 after thermal diffusion.
  • each battery cell 20 includes a casing 21 and an electrode assembly 22 provided in the casing 21.
  • the casing 21 may have a hexahedral shape or other shapes, and have an opening.
  • the electrode assembly 22 is housed in the case 21.
  • the opening of the housing 21 is covered with a cover plate assembly 24.
  • the cover plate assembly 24 includes a cover plate 241 and two electrode terminals arranged on the cover plate.
  • the two electrode terminals are a first electrode terminal 242 and a second electrode terminal 243 respectively.
  • the first electrode terminal 242 may be a positive electrode terminal
  • the second electrode terminal 243 is a negative electrode terminal.
  • the first electrode terminal 242 may also be a negative electrode terminal
  • the second electrode terminal 243 is a positive electrode terminal.
  • An adapter piece 23 is provided between the cover plate assembly 24 and the electrode assembly 22, and the tabs of the electrode assembly 22 are electrically connected to the electrode terminals on the cover plate 241 through the adapter piece 23.
  • two electrode assemblies 22 are provided in the housing 21.
  • the two electrode assemblies 22 are stacked along the height direction (z direction) of the battery cell 20.
  • the height direction of the battery cell 20 is the same as that of the battery pack.
  • the height direction is the same.
  • one electrode assembly 22 may also be provided in the housing 21, or more than three electrode assemblies 22 may be provided in the housing 21.
  • the plurality of electrode assemblies 22 are stacked in the height direction (z direction) of the battery cell 20.
  • the electrode assembly 22 includes a first pole piece 221, a second pole piece 222, and a diaphragm 223 disposed between the first pole piece 221 and the second pole piece 222.
  • the first pole piece 221 may be a positive pole piece
  • the second pole piece 222 is a negative pole piece.
  • the first pole piece 221 may also be a negative pole piece
  • the second pole piece 222 is a positive pole piece.
  • the diaphragm 223 is an insulator between the first pole piece 221 and the second pole piece 222.
  • the active material of the positive electrode sheet can be coated on the coating area of the positive electrode sheet, and the active material of the negative electrode sheet can be coated on the coating area of the negative electrode sheet.
  • the part extending from the coating area of the positive electrode sheet is used as the positive electrode tab; the part extending from the coating area of the negative electrode sheet is used as the negative electrode tab.
  • the positive electrode tab is connected to the positive electrode terminal on the cover plate assembly 24 through a positive adapter piece.
  • the negative electrode tab is connected to the negative electrode terminal on the cover plate assembly 24 through a negative electrode adapter piece.
  • the electrode assembly 22 has a wound structure.
  • the first pole piece 221, the diaphragm 223, and the second pole piece 222 are all belt-shaped structures.
  • the first pole piece 221, the diaphragm 223, and the second pole piece 222 are sequentially stacked and wound two times to form the electrode assembly 22.
  • the electrode assembly 22 has a flat shape.
  • the electrode assembly 22 may be directly wound into a flat shape, or may be wound into a hollow cylindrical structure first, and then flattened into a flat shape after the winding.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the outline of the electrode assembly 22.
  • the outer surface of the electrode assembly 22 includes two flat surfaces 224, and the two flat surfaces 224 are arranged opposite to each other along the height direction (z direction) of the battery cell 20.
  • the electrode assembly 22 has a substantially hexahedral structure, and the flat surface 224 is substantially parallel to the winding axis and is the outer surface with the largest area.
  • the flat surface 224 may be a relatively flat surface, and is not required to be a pure plane.
  • the electrode assembly 22 has a laminated structure, that is, the electrode assembly 22 includes a plurality of first pole pieces 221 and a plurality of second pole pieces 222, and the diaphragm 223 is disposed on the first pole piece 221 and the second pole piece 222. Between slices 222. The first pole piece 221 and the second pole piece 222 are stacked along the height direction (z direction) of the battery cell 20.
  • the electrode assembly 22 will inevitably expand in the thickness direction of the pole pieces during the charging and discharging process.
  • the expansion of each pole piece is superimposed, and the accumulated expansion in the height direction is greater than other directions.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure adds a constraining component 3
  • the fixed point with the box body 11 can restrict the direction of the maximum expansion of the battery cell 20, prevent the battery pack from being deformed, and improve the service life of the battery pack.

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Abstract

本公开涉及一种电池包及交通设备，其中，电池包包括：箱体组件(1)；约束组件(3)，设在箱体组件(1)内，约束组件(3)的内部具有容置腔(6)，约束组件(3)和箱体组件(1)之间具有第一排气通道(7)，约束组件(3)上设有连通孔(33)，连通孔(33)将容置腔(6)和第一排气通道(7)连通；和电池模组(2)，设在容置腔(6)内。此种电池包在发生热失控时，喷出的流体只能从容置腔直接经过连通孔进入第一排气通道，可防止流体进入其它约束组件内影响正常的电池模组，从而提高电池包的安全性。

Description

电池包及交通设备 技术领域
本公开涉及电池技术领域，尤其涉及一种电池包及交通设备。
背景技术
近年来，可充电的电池包被广泛地应用于为车辆提供动力。电池包中的多个电池单体通过串联、并联或混联的方式连接以实现较大的容量或功率。
当前电池包中电池单体所在空间与外部隔离，当电池单体发生热失控时，喷出的火星和热空气都在电池单体所在的仓体中扩散，由于电池单体所在的仓体空间有限，电池单体热失控后喷出的火星和热空气将迅速提高仓体内的温度，特别是距离热失控电池单体较近的位置，温度往往超过电池单体热失控的触发温度。同时，热失控电池单体喷出的火星可能飞溅至周围的电池单体，易使周边电池单体接连热失控，产生连锁反应，存在极大的安全隐患。
发明内容
本公开的实施例一方面提供了一种电池包，包括：
箱体组件；
约束组件，设在箱体组件内，约束组件的内部具有容置腔，约束组件和箱体组件之间具有第一排气通道，约束组件上设有连通孔，连通孔将容置腔和第一排气通道连通；和
电池模组，设在容置腔内。
在一些实施例中，箱体组件内部设有多根固定梁，约束组件固定于相邻两个固定梁，约束组件、箱体组件和固定梁三者之间围成第一排气通道。
在一些实施例中，电池模组包括多个电池单体，各电池单体上均设有第一防爆阀；
约束组件与电池模组之间具有第二排气通道，各第一防爆阀均面向第二排气通道，连通孔将第二排气通道和第一排气通道连通。
在一些实施例中，电池包还包括：防火件，设于约束组件和电池模组之间且覆盖各电池单体的第一防爆阀，防火件与电池模组之间形成第二排气通道。
在一些实施例中，约束组件上设有多个连通孔，各连通孔与各第一防爆阀一一对 应地设置。
在一些实施例中，约束组件的外壁面和箱体组件的内壁面之间具有第一间隙，约束组件的外壁面和箱体组件的内壁面沿高度方向相互面对，第一间隙形成第一排气通道。
在一些实施例中，电池模组包括多个电池单体，各电池单体的第一面与约束组件的顶壁或底壁相对，第一面为电池单体的最大侧面，各电池单体的第二面上均设有第一防爆阀，第二面垂直于第一面；
连通孔设在约束组件的顶壁或底壁上。
在一些实施例中，各电池单体的第二面朝向约束组件的侧壁设置，且与对应侧的约束组件的侧壁的内表面之间设有第二间隙，第二间隙形成第二排气通道，连通孔设在约束组件上与第二间隙对应的位置，并将第二排气通道和第一排气通道连通。
在一些实施例中，电池包还包括防火件，防火件包括：
第一部，抵靠于约束组件侧壁的内表面，且与对应侧的各电池单体的第二面之间形成第二间隙；和
两个第二部，分别连接在第一部沿高度方向的两端，并朝向第二面延伸直至抵接于第二面，第二部上与连通孔对应的位置设有避让孔；
其中，第一防爆阀位于两个第二部之间。
在一些实施例中，箱体组件包括：在高度方向上相互扣合的箱体和盖体，箱体内设有多根固定梁；
约束组件包括：第一约束件和第二约束件，第一约束件和第二约束件在高度方向上相互扣合形成容置腔；
其中，连通孔设在第一约束件上，箱体与第一约束件之间沿高度方向具有第一间隙，第一间隙形成第一排气通道。
在一些实施例中，第一约束件包括：第一限位部和两个第一安装部，第一限位部覆盖电池模组靠近箱体的部分，两个第一安装部分别连接在第一限位部沿多根固定梁排列方向的两侧；和
第二约束件包括：第二限位部和两个第二安装部，第二限位部覆盖电池模组靠近盖体的部分，两个第二安装部分别连接在第二限位部沿多根固定梁排列方向的两侧；
其中，第一限位部与第二限位部之间形成容置腔，位于电池模组同一侧的第二安装部与第一安装部在高度方向上叠加设置并固定于同一根固定梁上。
在一些实施例中第一限位部整体相对于第一安装部朝向靠近箱体底面的方向凸出；和/或
第二限位部整体相对于第二安装部朝向盖体顶面的方向凸出。
在一些实施例中，电池包还包括：
第二防爆阀，设于箱体组件，且与第一排气通道连通。
本公开的实施例另一方面提供了一种交通设备，包括上述实施例的电池包，电池包用于提供电能。
本公开实施例的电池包，在箱体组件内设置约束组件，约束组件的内部具有用于容纳将电池模组的容置腔。由于电池模组设在约束组件内，当电池模组发生热失控时，喷出的火星和热空气等流体从容置腔内直接经过连通孔进入第一排气通道，便于排出流体，可防止流体进入其它约束组件内影响正常的电池模组，从而提高电池包工作的安全性。
附图说明
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本公开的进一步理解，构成本申请的一部分，本公开的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本公开，并不构成对本公开的不当限定。在附图中：
图1为本公开电池包的一些实施例的分解示意图；
图2为图1所示电池包将电池模组和约束组件从箱体内整体移出的状态示意图；
图3为图1所示电池包将盖体打开的状态示意图；
图4为图1所示电池包在xz平面内的剖视图；
图5为图1所示电池包在yz平面内的剖视图；
图6为图1所示电池包中第一约束件的结构示意图；
图7为图1所示电池包中防火件的结构示意图；
图8为电池包中电池单体的一些实施例的分解示意图；
图9为电池单体采用卷绕式电极组件沿xz平面的剖视图；
图10为电池单体采用叠片式电极组件沿xz平面的剖视图。
附图标记说明：
1、箱体组件；11、箱体；111、第一翻边；12、固定梁；121、第三安装孔；122、减重槽；13、盖体；131、第二翻边；
2、电池模组；2A、电池单体组件；20、电池单体；21、壳体；22、电极组件；221、第一极片；222、第二极片；223、隔膜；224、扁平面；23、转接片；24、盖板组件；241、盖板；242、第一电极端子；243、第二电极端子；25、第一防爆阀；26、端板；S1、第一面；S2、第二面；S3、第三面；
3、约束组件；31、第一约束件；311、第一限位部；312、第一安装部；313、第一安装孔；32、第二约束件；321、第二限位部；322、第二安装部；323、第二安装孔；33、连通孔；
4、防火件；41、避让孔；42、第一部；43、第二部；
5、紧固件；6、容置腔；7、第一排气通道；8、第二排气通道；9、第二防爆阀；10、隔热层。
具体实施方式
以下详细说明本公开。在以下段落中，更为详细地限定了实施例的不同方面。如此限定的各方面可与任何其他的一个方面或多个方面组合，除非明确指出不可组合。尤其是，被认为是优选的或有利的任何特征可与其他一个或多个被认为是优选的或有利的特征组合。
本公开中出现的“第一”、“第二”等用语仅是为了方便描述，以区分具有相同名称的不同组成部件，并不表示先后或主次关系。
此外，当元件被称作“在”另一元件“上”时，该元件可以直接在所述另一元件上，或者可以间接地在所述另一元件上并且在它们之间插入有一个或更多个中间元件。另外，当元件被称作“连接到”另一元件时，该元件可以直接连接到所述另一元件，或者可以间接地连接到所述另一元件并且在它们之间插入有一个或更多个中间元件。在下文中，同样的附图标记表示同样的元件。
本公开中出现的“多个”指的是两个以上(包括两个)，同理，“多组”指的是两组以上(包括两组)，“多根”指的是两根以上(包括两根)。
为了在以下实施例中清楚地描述各方位，例如图1中的坐标系对电池包的各方向进行了定义，x方向表示电池包的长度方向(以下简称长度方向)；y方向表示电池包的宽度方向(以下简称宽度方向)；z方向垂直于x和y方向形成的平面，表示电池包的高度方向(以下简称高度方向)。基于此种方位定义，采用了“上”、“下”、“顶”、“底”，均相对于高度方向而言。
本公开的实施例提供了一种电池包及交通设备，能够提高电池包工作的安全性。
图1至图10为本公开电池包的一些实施例的结构示意图，该电池包可用于交通设备中，以便为设备工作提供电能，例如，交通设备包括车辆或船舶等。该电池包可包括：箱体组件1、约束组件3和电池模组2。
约束组件3设在箱体组件1内，约束组件3的内部形成容置腔6，约束组件3和箱体组件1之间具有第一排气通道7，约束组件3上设有连通孔33，连通孔33将容置腔6和第一排气通道7连通。
电池模组2设在容置腔6内，电池包中可设置多个电池模组2，相应地设置多个约束组件3，各电池模组2分别对应地设在各约束组件3的容置腔6内，每一个容置腔6内设置一个电池模组2。例如，容置腔6的尺寸与相应电池模组2的整体外形尺寸相适配。电池模组2包括多个电池单体20，例如，电池模组2中可以沿高度方向设置一层或叠加设置多层的电池单体20。
该实施例将电池模组2设在约束组件3内，且约束组件3将电池模组2在连通孔33以外的区域封闭，各约束组件3相互独立。当电池模组2发生热失控时，会喷出流体，例如，流体包括热空气以及夹杂在热空气中的火星和雾状电解液等，流体只能从容置腔6内直接经过连通孔33进入第一排气通道7，便于排出流体，可防止流体进入其它约束组件3内影响性能正常的电池模组2发生连锁反应，从而提高电池包工作的安全性。
如图1所示，箱体组件1内部设有多根固定梁12，各固定梁12在箱体组件1可沿长度方向(x向)或宽度方向(y向)间隔设置，约束组件3固定于相邻两个固定梁12，约束组件3、箱体组件1和固定梁12三者之间围成第一排气通道7。由此，第一排气通道7可直接通过箱体组件1、约束组件3和固定梁12三者围成，无需增加额外的结构件，可简化结构，降低加工难度。
箱体组件1可包括：在高度方向上相互扣合的箱体11和盖体13，盖体13将箱体11的开口端封闭，这里的封闭指的是箱体11和盖体13密封连接，可防止外部液体、水汽进入电池包内，提高电池包的安全性能。
箱体11位于盖体13底部，各固定梁12可固定于箱体11。例如，固定梁12可以固定在箱体11的内底面上或者侧壁上。对于固定梁12的具体结构，可采用实心，或采用空心结构，例如在固定梁12内部设置减重槽122。固定梁12的截面可以为矩形、梯形或C形等，其上表面可设置为平面，以便将约束组件3固定在固定梁12的 上表面，可选地，约束组件3也可固定于固定梁12的侧面。
如图1和图8所示，各电池单体20上均设有第一防爆阀25，用于在电池单体20的内外压差超过第一预设压力值时开启，以将电池单体20内的气体排出。如图5所示，约束组件3与内部的电池模组2之间形成第二排气通道8，各第一防爆阀25均面向第二排气通道8，连通孔33将第二排气通道8和第一排气通道7连通。
在一些实施例中，第二排气通道8的体积小于第一排气通道7的体积，使第二排气通道8内的压力大于第一排气通道7内的压力，这样能够使电池单体20通过第一防爆阀25释放的流体顺利地从第二排气通道8进入第一排气通道7，以保证流体按照预定的排出路径快速地引导至电池包外部，降低其它电池模组2发生热失控的风险，进一步提高电池包工作的安全性。
如图1和图5所示，本公开的电池包还可包括：防火件4，设于约束组件3和电池模组2之间且覆盖各电池单体20的第一防爆阀25，防火件4与电池模组2之间形成第二排气通道8。例如，防火件4可有防火材料制成，例如云母板等，或者也可在金属结构件外涂覆防火涂层。
通过设置防火件4，可在电池单体20发生热失控通过第一防爆阀25释放热空气和火星等流体时，防止流体直接冲击约束组件3，由于约束组件3一般通过薄板弯折形成，在流体温度较高或速度较大时，容易导致约束组件3变形或者冲破约束组件3，从而使流体安全地通过连通孔33进入第一排气通道7，提高电池包结构的安全性和工作的可靠性。
下面以图1所示的电池包为例，来具体说明上述各部件可采用的具体结构。
电池模组2中的各电池单体20形成至少一个电池单体组件2A，各电池单体组件2A之间的电连接方式根据需要设置为串联、并联或者串联并联兼备，电池单体组件2A沿固定梁12延伸方向的端部设有端板26。
在水平面内，相邻的两个电池单体组件2A可采用电极端子相互面对的安装方式，需要在相邻电池单体组件2A的电极端子之间留出安全距离；或者，相邻的两个电池单体组件2A可采用电极端子相互远离的安装方式，可节省安装空间，而且可在相邻的两个电池单体组件2A之间设置冷却板实现冷却，以通过一块冷却板同时对相邻的两个电池单体组件2A进行冷却。
电池单体组件2A包括沿电池包的长度方向或宽度方向并排设置的多个电池单体20。如图5所示，电池单体20包括第一面S1、第二面S2和第三面S3，其中，第一 面S1为电池单体20的最大侧面；第二面S2垂直于第一面S1，第二面S2上设有第一防爆阀25、第一电极端子242和第二电极端子243；第三面S3与第二面S2相对设置。
各电池单体20的第一面S1与约束组件3的顶壁或底壁相对，此种放置方式也称为平放，可提高电池包内部的空间利用率。由于电池单体组件2A在高度方向上的高度比较矮，采用平放的布置方式可降低电池包的整体高度，更适合电池包安装空间比较矮的车辆。而且，对于各电池单体20平放的布置方式，电极组件22的正负极片沿电池包的高度方向堆叠，可将电池单元20的膨胀力沿高度方向传递，由此能够通过约束组件3抑制电极组件22产生的膨胀力。即使约束组件3子膨胀力的作用下发生变形，第一排气通道7也可为约束组件3提供膨胀空间。
可替代地，也可使各电池单体20的第二面S2与约束组件3的顶壁相对。
在图1中，同一电池单体组件2A中的各电池单体20沿着长度方向(x向)并排设置。在宽度方向(x向)设置了两排电池单体组件2A，实际应用中，也可以设置三排或者更多数量。在高度方向(z向)上，也可以设置一层或者多层电池单体组件2A，各层电池单体组件2A可沿高度方向叠加设置。
为了避免发生热失控的电池单体20将热量传递至相邻电池单体20，电池包可包括隔热层10，隔热层10设在相邻两个电池单体20之间，例如，在高度方向上的相邻两层电池单体20之间设有隔热层10，或者在水平面内相邻的电池单体20之间也设有隔热层10。隔热层10可以是隔热胶，可在起到隔热作用的同时将各电池单体20相互固定。
在此基础上，如图6所示，约束组件3上设有多个连通孔33，各连通孔33与单层的各第一防爆阀25一一对应地设置。对于两组电池单体组件2A中电池单体20的第二面S2朝向相互远离方向布置的实施例，约束组件3沿多根固定梁12排列方向的两侧区域均设有一列连通孔33，每列连通孔33包括多个沿固定梁12的延伸方向间隔设置的连通孔33，且分别与电池单体组件2A中单层电池单体20的第一防爆阀25一一对应设置。例如，连通孔33可呈圆形、椭圆形、多边形或者其它不规则形状等。
此种结构能够使电池模组2中的任一电池单体20发生热失控时，均能够使释放的流体以最短的路径通过对应位置的连通孔33进入第一排气通道7，并通过多个连通孔33同时排出，可减小流体排出时间，降低该电池模组2中的其它电池单体20，或者其它电池模组2发生热失控的风险。
如图4和图5所示，约束组件3的外壁面和箱体组件1的内壁面之间具有第一间 隙L1，约束组件3的外壁面与箱体组件1的内壁面沿高度方向相互面对，第一间隙L1形成第一排气通道7。
此种结构能够使约束组件3与箱体组件1之间的空间都作为第一排气通道7，面积较大，在电池模组2发生热失控时，第一排气通道7内的气压更低，可使热失控时释放的流体更顺畅地排出，防止在容置腔6内聚集较多的流体，可迅速减小容置腔6内的气压和温度，提高电池包的安全性。
如图1和图6所示，连通孔33设在约束组件3的顶壁或底壁上，且与第一排气通道7在高度方向位于同侧。这样电池模组2发生热失控时释放的流体从第二排气通道8经过连通孔33后，可直接进入第一排气通道7，无需经过额外的引导路径，可提高流体排出效率。而且，流体直接进入第一排气通道7后，由于第一排气通道7体积较大，可使流体压力瞬间降低，温度也随之降低，可防止电池包内压力和温度持续升高，提高工作安全性。
在一些实施例中，连通孔33设在约束组件3的底壁上，约束组件3底部的外壁面与箱体组件1底部的内壁面之间的第一间隙L1形成第一排气通道7。电池包安装于车辆时，当电池模组2发生热失控时，使温度较高的气流集中于电池包的底部区域排出，防止对车体内的人员和物品造成影响，提高车体内的安全性。
如图5所示，各电池单体20的第二面S2朝向约束组件3的侧壁设置，且与对应侧的约束组件3的侧壁的内表面之间设有第二间隙L2，第二间隙L2形成第二排气通道8，连通孔33设在约束组件3上与第二间隙L2对应的位置，并将第二排气通道8和第一排气通道7连通。
通过设置第二间隙L2，可为第一电极端子242、第二电极端子243以及连接第一电极端子242和第二电极端子243的汇流体留出空间，还能为第一防爆阀25与约束组件3的侧壁之间留出空间，在电池单体20发生热失控时通过第一防爆阀25释放流体后，扩散到第二排气通道8中，并通过多个连通孔33快速流动到第一排气通道7中。而且，由于第二排气通道8的体积小于第一排气通道7，使第二排气通道8内的压力高于第一排气通道7，可使流体按照预设路径顺利排出。
如图4所示，防火件4与固定梁12的延伸方向一致，防火件4包括：第一部42和两个第二部43，第一部42抵靠于约束组件3侧壁的内表面，且与对应侧的各电池单体20的第二面S2之间形成第二间隙L2，两个第二部43分别连接在第一部42沿高度方向的两端，并朝向第二面S2延伸直至抵接于第二面S2，第二部43上与连通孔 33对应的位置设有避让孔41。其中，第一防爆阀25位于两个第二部43之间。进一步地，两个第二部43可分别抵靠于约束组件3的顶壁和底壁。
如图7所示，避让孔41可设在底部的第二部43上，如图6所示，连通孔33为矩形槽，相应地，避让孔41也可以是矩形孔，并在第二部43远离第一部42的侧边开放，由此，第二部43上沿固定梁12的延伸方向间隔设有多个避让孔41，此种结构易于加工，且能在不影响流体排出的同时增加防火件4的结构稳定性。
防火件4整体形成包围第一防爆阀25的空间，并与各电池单体20的第二面S2之间形成第二排气通道8，可在电池单体20发生热失控通过第一防爆阀25释放热空气和火星等流体时，防止流体直接冲击约束组件3。将防火件4抵靠于约束组件3，可对防火件4可靠定位，防止发生晃动。
如图5所示，约束组件3包括：第一约束件31和第二约束件32，第一约束件31和第二约束件32在高度方向上相互扣合形成容置腔6，第一约束件31用于限制电池模组2沿高度方向朝向箱体11运动的自由度，第二约束件32用于限制电池模组2沿高度方向朝向盖体13运动的自由度。其中，连通孔33设在第一约束件31上，箱体11与第一约束件31之间沿高度方向具有第一间隙L1，第一间隙L1形成第一排气通道7。
该实施例将连通孔33设在底部的第一约束件31上，并通过第一约束件31与箱体11之间的第一间隙L1形成第一排气通道7，将电池包安装于车辆时，当电池模组2发生热失控时，使温度较高的气流集中于电池包的底部区域排出，防止对车体内的人员和物品造成影响，提高车体内的安全性。
具体地，如图5所示，第一约束件31包括：第一限位部311和两个第一安装部312，第一限位部311覆盖电池模组2靠近箱体11的部分，两个第一安装部312分别连接在第一限位部311沿多根固定梁12排列方向的两侧。第一限位部311整体相对于第一安装部312朝向靠近箱体11底面的方向凸出。
第二约束件32包括：第二限位部321和两个第二安装部322，第二限位部321覆盖电池模组2靠近盖体13的部分，两个第二安装部322分别连接在第二限位部321沿多根固定梁12排列方向的两侧；
其中，第一限位部311与第二限位部321之间形成容置腔6，位于电池模组2同一侧的第二安装部322与第一安装部312在高度方向上叠加设置，并通过一组紧固件5固定于同一根固定梁12上。第二限位部321整体相对于第二安装部322朝向盖体 13顶面的方向凸出。
如图1所示，第一安装部312上沿固定梁12的延伸方向间隔设有多个第一安装孔313，第二安装部322上沿固定梁12的延伸方向间隔设有多个第二安装孔323，固定梁12上沿自身延伸方向间隔设有多个第三安装孔121。紧固件5从顶部依次穿设第二安装孔323、第一安装孔313和第三安装孔121，以将第一约束件31和第二约束件32固定于固定梁12上。
如图3所示，电池包还包括：第二防爆阀9，设于箱体组件1，且与第一排气通道7连通，用于箱体组件1的内外压差超过第二预设压力值时开启，以将内部流体排出。具体地，第二防爆阀9可设在盖体13位于固定梁12一端的侧壁上。
仍参考图3，为了实现盖体13与箱体11的固定，箱体11开口端的四周设有第一翻边111，盖体13的四周设有第二翻边131，第一翻边111与第二翻边131之间可通过粘接或紧固件连接的方式固定。
上述实施例的电池包通过多个第二约束件32分别覆盖不同的电池模组2，并与相应的固定梁12固定，相当于增加了第二约束件32与箱体11之间的固定点，由此减小了各固定点之间的跨距，可提高第二约束件32的抗变形能力。当电池单体20发生膨胀时，第二约束件32不易变形，可进一步对电池模组2提供稳定的压紧力，防止电池包高度方向的尺寸增大，而且也不容易由于第二约束件32的变形挤压盖体13，可提高电池包的使用寿命。
如图4所示，箱体组件1顶壁的内表面与约束组件3顶壁的外表面之间具有第三间隙L3，即盖体13的内表面与第二约束件32的外表面之间具有第三间隙L3。通过设置第一间隙L1和第三间隙L3，即使由于电池单体20膨胀导致约束组件3变形，也能防止箱体组件1发生变形。
下面结合图4和图5来说明本公开电池包在发生热失控时的流体排出方式。如图5所示，当电池模组2出现热失控的电池单体20时，电池单体20内会通过第一防爆阀25释放热空气和火星等流体，并进入第二排气通道8内流通，并在流动的过程中通过第一限位部311上的多个连通孔33进入到第一排气通道7，参考图4，流体在第一排气通道7内流动并从约束组件3与箱体组件1侧面的空间向上流动，从而通过第二防爆阀9排出电池包外。此种电池包可防止火星飞溅到其它性能正常的电池模组2，同时可防止热空气烘烤其它电池模组2，降低热扩散后出现多个电池模组2热失控的风险。
下面将结合图8至图10来说明上述各实施例中电池单体20的具体结构。
如图8所示的分解示意图，各电池单体20均包括：壳体21和设在壳体21内的电极组件22，壳体21可具有六面体形状或其他形状，且具有开口。电极组件22容纳于壳体21内。壳体21的开口覆盖有盖板组件24。盖板组件24包括盖板241和设置于盖板上的两个电极端子，两个电极端子分别为第一电极端子242和第二电极端子243。其中，第一电极端子242可以为正电极端子，第二电极端子243为负电极端子。在其他的实施例中，第一电极端子242还可以为负电极端子，而第二电极端子243为正电极端子。在盖板组件24与电极组件22之间设置有转接片23，电极组件22的极耳通过转接片23与盖板241上的电极端子电连接。本实施例中，转接片23有两个，即分别为正极转接片和负极转接片。
如图8所示，壳体21内设置有两个电极组件22，两个电极组件22沿电池单体20的高度方向(z向)堆叠，其中，电池单体20的高度方向与电池包的高度方向一致。当然，在其它实施例中，在壳体21内也可设置有一个电极组件22，或者在壳体21内设置有三个以上的电极组件22。多个电极组件22沿电池单体20的高度方向(z向)堆叠。
如图9和图10所示，电极组件22包括第一极片221、第二极片222以及设置于所述第一极片221和所述第二极片222之间的隔膜223。其中，第一极片221可以为正极片，第二极片222为负极片。在其它的实施例中，第一极片221还可以为负极片，而第二极片222为正极片。其中，隔膜223是介于第一极片221和第二极片222之间的绝缘体。正极片的活性物质可被涂覆在正极片的涂覆区上，负极片的活性物质可被涂覆到负极片的涂覆区上。由正极片的涂覆区延伸出的部分则作为正极极耳；由负极片的涂覆区延伸出的部分则作为负极极耳。正极极耳通过正极转接片连接于盖板组件24上的正电极端子，同样地，负极极耳通过负极转接片连接于盖板组件24上的负电极端子。
如图9所示，电极组件22为卷绕式结构。其中，第一极片221、隔膜223以及第二极片222均为带状结构，将第一极片221、隔膜223以及第二极片222依次层叠并卷绕两圈以上形成电极组件22，并且电极组件22呈扁平状。在电极组件22制作时，电极组件22可直接卷绕为扁平状，也可以先卷绕成中空的圆柱形结构，卷绕之后再压平为扁平状。图9为电极组件22的外形轮廓示意图，电极组件22的外表面包括两个扁平面224，两个扁平面224沿电池单体20的高度方向(z向)相对设置。其中， 电极组件22大致为六面体结构，扁平面224大致平行于卷绕轴线且为面积最大的外表面。扁平面224可以是相对平整的表面，并不要求是纯平面。
如图10所示，电极组件22为叠片式结构，即电极组件22中包括多个第一极片221以及多个第二极片222，隔膜223设置在第一极片221和第二极片222之间。第一极片221和第二极片222沿着电池单体20的高度方向(z向)层叠设置。
电极组件22在充放电过程中不可避免的会沿极片的厚度方向发生膨胀，各极片的膨胀量叠加，在高度方向上累积的膨胀量大于其它方向，本公开的实施例通过增加约束组件3与箱体11的固定点，可对电池单体20膨胀量最大的方向进行约束，防止电池包发生变形，提高电池包的使用寿命。
以上对本公开所提供的一种电池包及交通设备进行了详细介绍。本文中应用了具体的实施例对本公开的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本公开的方法及其核心思想。应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本公开原理的前提下，还可以对本公开进行若干改进和修饰，这些改进和修饰也落入本公开权利要求的保护范围内。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种电池包，包括：
    箱体组件(1)；
    约束组件(3)，设在所述箱体组件(1)内，所述约束组件(3)的内部具有容置腔(6)，所述约束组件(3)和箱体组件(1)之间具有第一排气通道(7)，所述约束组件(3)上设有连通孔(33)，所述连通孔(33)将所述容置腔(6)和所述第一排气通道(7)连通；和
    电池模组(2)，设在所述容置腔(6)内。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池包，其中所述箱体组件(1)内部设有多根固定梁(12)，所述约束组件(3)固定于相邻两个所述固定梁(12)，所述约束组件(3)、箱体组件(1)和所述固定梁(12)三者之间围成第一排气通道(7)。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的电池包，其中所述电池模组(2)包括多个电池单体(20)，各所述电池单体(20)上均设有第一防爆阀(25)；
    所述约束组件(3)与所述电池模组(2)之间具有第二排气通道(8)，各所述第一防爆阀(25)均面向所述第二排气通道(8)，所述连通孔(33)将所述第二排气通道(8)和所述第一排气通道(7)连通。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的电池包，还包括：防火件(4)，设于所述约束组件(3)和所述电池模组(2)之间且覆盖各所述电池单体(20)的所述第一防爆阀(25)，所述防火件(4)与所述电池模组(2)之间形成所述第二排气通道(8)。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的电池包，其中所述约束组件(3)上设有多个所述连通孔(33)，各所述连通孔(33)与各所述第一防爆阀(25)一一对应地设置。
  6. 根据权利要求1～5任一所述的电池包，其中所述约束组件(3)的外壁面和所述箱体组件(1)的内壁面之间具有第一间隙(L1)，所述约束组件(3)的所述外壁面和所述箱体组件(1)的所述内壁面沿高度方向相互面对，所述第一间隙(L1)形成所述第一排气通道(7)。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的电池包，其中所述电池模组(2)包括多个电池单体(20)，各所述电池单体(20)的第一面(S1)与所述约束组件(3)的顶壁或底壁相对，所述第一面(S1)为所述电池单体(20)的最大侧面，各所述电池单体(20)的第二面(S2)上均设有第一防爆阀(25)，所述第二面(S2)垂直于所述第一面(S1)；
    所述连通孔(33)设在所述约束组件(3)的所述顶壁或所述底壁上。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的电池包，其中各所述电池单体(20)的所述第二面(S2)朝向所述约束组件(3)的侧壁设置，且与对应侧的所述约束组件(3)的侧壁的内表面之间设有第二间隙(L2)，所述第二间隙(L2)形成第二排气通道(8)，所述连通孔(33)设在所述约束组件(3)上与所述第二间隙(L2)对应的位置，并将所述第二排气通道(8)和所述第一排气通道(7)连通。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的电池包，还包括防火件(4)，所述防火件(4)包括：
    第一部(42)，抵靠于所述约束组件(3)侧壁的内表面，且与对应侧的各所述电池单体(20)的所述第二面(S2)之间形成所述第二间隙(L2)；和
    两个第二部(43)，分别连接在所述第一部(42)沿高度方向的两端，并朝向所述第二面(S2)延伸直至抵接于所述第二面(S2)，所述第二部(43)上与所述连通孔(33)对应的位置设有避让孔(41)；
    其中，所述第一防爆阀(25)位于两个所述第二部(43)之间。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的电池包，其中所述箱体组件(1)包括：在高度方向上相互扣合的箱体(11)和盖体(13)，所述箱体(11)内设有多根固定梁(12)；
    所述约束组件(3)包括：第一约束件(31)和第二约束件(32)，所述第一约束件(31)和所述第二约束件(32)在高度方向上相互扣合形成所述容置腔(6)；
    其中，所述连通孔(33)设在所述第一约束件(31)上，所述箱体(11)与所述第一约束件(31)之间沿高度方向具有第一间隙(L1)，所述第一间隙(L1)形成所述第一排气通道(7)。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的电池包，其中，
    所述第一约束件(31)包括：第一限位部(311)和两个第一安装部(312)，所述第一限位部(311)覆盖所述电池模组(2)靠近所述箱体(11)的部分，两个所述第一安装部(312)分别连接在所述第一限位部(311)沿所述多根固定梁(12)排列方向的两侧；和
    所述第二约束件(32)包括：第二限位部(321)和两个第二安装部(322)，所述第二限位部(321)覆盖所述电池模组(2)靠近所述盖体(13)的部分，两个所述第二安装部(322)分别连接在所述第二限位部(321)沿所述多根固定梁(12)排列方向的两侧；
    其中，所述第一限位部(311)与所述第二限位部(321)之间形成所述容置腔(6)， 位于所述电池模组(2)同一侧的所述第二安装部(322)与所述第一安装部(312)在高度方向上叠加设置并固定于同一根所述固定梁(12)上。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的电池包，其中，
    所述第一限位部(311)整体相对于所述第一安装部(312)朝向靠近所述箱体(11)底面的方向凸出；和/或
    所述第二限位部(321)整体相对于所述第二安装部(322)朝向所述盖体(13)顶面的方向凸出。
  13. 根据权利要求1～5任一所述的电池包，还包括：
    第二防爆阀(9)，设于所述箱体组件(1)，且与所述第一排气通道(7)连通。
  14. 一种交通设备，包括：
    根据权利要求1～13任一项所述的电池包，所述电池包用于提供电能。
PCT/CN2019/119354 2019-11-19 2019-11-19 电池包及交通设备 WO2021097644A1 (zh)

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