Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
  • C07F7/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic Table
  • C07F7/02—Silicon compounds
  • C07F7/025—Silicon compounds without C-silicon linkages
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
  • B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
  • B01J31/0272—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides containing elements other than those covered by B01J31/0201 - B01J31/0255
  • B01J31/0275—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides containing elements other than those covered by B01J31/0201 - B01J31/0255 also containing elements or functional groups covered by B01J31/0201 - B01J31/0269
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07C231/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid amides
  • C07C231/02—Preparation of carboxylic acid amides from carboxylic acids or from esters, anhydrides, or halides thereof by reaction with ammonia or amines
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D223/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing seven-membered rings having one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
  • C07D223/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing seven-membered rings having one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings
  • C07D223/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing seven-membered rings having one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
  • C07D223/12—Nitrogen atoms not forming part of a nitro radical
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
  • C07F7/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic Table
  • C07F7/02—Silicon compounds
  • C07F7/08—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages
  • C07F7/10—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages containing nitrogen having a Si-N linkage
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07K—PEPTIDES
  • C07K1/00—General methods for the preparation of peptides, i.e. processes for the organic chemical preparation of peptides or proteins of any length
  • C07K1/06—General methods for the preparation of peptides, i.e. processes for the organic chemical preparation of peptides or proteins of any length using protecting groups or activating agents
  • C07K1/08—General methods for the preparation of peptides, i.e. processes for the organic chemical preparation of peptides or proteins of any length using protecting groups or activating agents using activating agents
  • C07K1/088—General methods for the preparation of peptides, i.e. processes for the organic chemical preparation of peptides or proteins of any length using protecting groups or activating agents using activating agents containing other elements, e.g. B, Si, As
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
  • C07F7/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic Table
  • C07F7/02—Silicon compounds
  • C07F7/04—Esters of silicic acids

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a reactant for amide reaction and a method for producing an amide compound using the same.
• Non-Patent Documents 1 to 6 Non-Patent Documents 1 to 6
• carboxylic acid activators for amidation which is the most important for peptide synthesis. Therefore, there is no choice but to use a reaction mode that produces a large amount of by-products, and peptide synthesis that repeats multi-step reactions is extremely inefficient synthesis from the viewpoint of atom economy (atomic yield), and by-products. Is a huge amount, and there are few effective purification methods.
• the cost of disposing and purifying by-products accounts for most of the cost of peptide synthesis and is one of the biggest barriers to the development of this field.
• a peptide in which a plurality of amino acids or derivatives thereof are linked is further ligated by an amide bond to the amino acid or its derivative, or two or more peptides are ligated by an amide bond. Is extremely difficult.
• an amidation method for ligation to such a peptide a method of ligating using an amino acid having a sulfur atom and utilizing the high reactivity of the sulfur atom (Non-Patent Document 7), or synthesizing hydroxyamine of an amino acid.
• Non-Patent Document 8 a method of performing ligation using the high reactivity of hydroxyamine (Non-Patent Document 8) is known, but the former is difficult to synthesize an amino acid having a sulfur atom, and the latter is hydroxyamine synthesis over several steps. Is required separately, which requires time and cost, and is difficult in terms of efficiency.
• the present inventors have used a method for amidating a carboxylic acid / ester compound having a hydroxy group at the ⁇ -position in the presence of a specific metal catalyst (Patent Document 1), and using a hydroxyamino / imino compound as an amino acid precursor. Is amidated in the presence of a specific metal catalyst and then reduced in the presence of a specific metal catalyst (Patent Document 2), and a carboxylic acid / ester compound is amidated in the presence of a specific metal catalyst (Patent Document 2). Based on Patent Document 3) and the like, we are developing a technique for synthesizing amide compounds with high chemical selectivity.
• one of the objects of the present invention is to produce an amide compound by causing an amidation reaction with high stereoselective and / or highly efficient with various substrates having a carboxyl group and an amino group. Is to provide a new means possible.
• a silane compound having a specific structure has an action of causing an amidation reaction between a carboxyl group and an amino group, and that such a silane compound is used alone or arbitrarily as a reactant.
• a silane compound When used in combination with other second silane compounds, Lewis acid catalysts, and / or phosphorus compounds, it is highly stereoselective and / or highly efficient for various substrates having carboxyl and amino groups.
• the gist of the present invention is as follows.
• ⁇ Item [1] One or more selected from the group consisting of a silane compound represented by the general formula (A) and a silane compound represented by the general formula (B), which is a reactant for an amide reaction between a carboxyl group and an amino group.
• Reactant containing the silane compound of. (In the above general formula (A)
• Ra1 represents a monovalent hydrocarbon group substituted with one or more halogen atoms.
• Ra2 represents a 5- to 7-membered heterocyclic group containing one or more nitrogen atoms as ring-constituting atoms, which may have hydrogen or one or more substituents.
• R b1 and R b2 each independently have a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group or an alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or an alkyl group or an alkoxy group having 1 or 2 or more carbon atoms, or 6 to 12 carbon atoms. Represents an aryl group, an aralkyl group, an alkylaryl group, an aryloxy group, an aralkyloxy group, or an alkylaryloxy group.
• Z b1 and Z b2 represent a 5- to 7-membered heterocyclic group containing one or more nitrogen atoms as ring-constituting atoms, which may independently have one or two or more substituents, respectively.
• a production method comprising a step of reacting a compound represented by the general formula (1-1) with a compound represented by the general formula (1-2) in the presence of the silane compound according to item [1].
• R 11 is a monovalent hydrocarbon group or heterocyclic group which may have 1 or 2 or more substituents, or a polyvalent hydrocarbon which may have 1 or 2 or more substituents. Represents a monovalent group consisting of a plurality of hydrogen groups or heterocyclic groups, optionally via a linking group.
• R 12 is a monovalent hydrocarbon group or heterocyclic group which may have 1 or 2 or more substituents, or a polyvalent hydrocarbon which may have 1 or 2 or more substituents. Represents a monovalent group consisting of a plurality of hydrogen groups or heterocyclic groups, optionally via a linking group.
• R 13 represents a monovalent hydrocarbon group or heterocyclic group which may have a hydrogen atom, a carboxyl group, a hydroxyl group, or one or more substituents, where the monovalent hydrocarbon. In the case of a group or a heterocyclic group, it may be bonded to a nitrogen atom via a linking group.
• R 12 and R 13 may be bonded to each other to form a heterocycle which may have one or more substituents together with the nitrogen atom to which R 12 and R 13 are bonded. ..
• R 21 is a divalent hydrocarbon group or heterocyclic group which may have 1 or 2 or more substituents, or a polyvalent hydrocarbon which may have 1 or 2 or more substituents.
• R 22 represents a monovalent hydrocarbon group or heterocyclic group which may have a hydrogen atom, a carboxyl group, a hydroxyl group, or one or more substituents, where the monovalent hydrocarbon. In the case of a group or a heterocyclic group, it may be bonded to a nitrogen atom via a linking group.
• R 21 and R 22 may be bonded to each other to form a heterocycle which may have one or more substituents together with the nitrogen atom to which R 21 and R 22 are bonded. ..
• Each of R 31 and R 32 is a monovalent group which may independently have a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, a nitro group, a cyano group, a thiol group, or one or more substituents. It represents a hydrocarbon group or a heterocyclic group, and in the case of a monovalent hydrocarbon group or a heterocyclic group, it may be bonded to a carbon atom via a linking group.
• R 33 represents a monovalent hydrocarbon group or heterocyclic group which may have a hydrogen atom, a carboxyl group, a hydroxyl group, or one or more substituents, where the monovalent hydrocarbon.
• a group or a heterocyclic group it may be bonded to a nitrogen atom via a linking group.
• R 31 and R 33 are bonded to each other to form a heterocycle which may have one or more substituents together with the carbon atom to which R 31 is bonded and the nitrogen atom to which R 33 is bonded.
• T 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent substituent and represents p1 and p2 independently represent 0 or 1, respectively.
• m is an integer of 1 or more and represents the number of structural units represented by the structure in [].
• each of R 34 and R 35 is a monovalent group which may independently have a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, a nitro group, a cyano group, a thiol group, or one or more substituents. It represents a hydrocarbon group or a heterocyclic group, and in the case of a monovalent hydrocarbon group or a heterocyclic group, it may be bonded to a carbon atom via a linking group.
• R 36 represents a monovalent hydrocarbon group or heterocyclic group which may have a hydrogen atom, a carboxyl group, a hydroxyl group, or one or more substituents, where the monovalent hydrocarbon. In the case of a group or a heterocyclic group, it may be bonded to a nitrogen atom via a linking group.
• R 34 and R 36 are bonded to each other to form a heterocycle which may have one or more substituents together with the carbon atom to which R 34 is bonded and the nitrogen atom to which R 36 is bonded.
• You may be A 3 and A 4 each independently represent a divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms which may have 1 or 2 or more substituents.
• T 2 represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent substituent and represents p3 and p4 independently represent 0 or 1, respectively.
• n is an integer of 1 or more and represents the number of structural units represented by the structure in []. However, when n is 2 or more, the plurality of structural units represented by the structures in [] may be the same or different.
• each reference numeral represents the same definition as the definitions in the above general formulas (3-1) and (3-2), respectively.
• ⁇ Item [5] In any one of the items [2] to [4], the reaction is carried out in the coexistence of a second silane compound different from the silane compound in addition to the silane compound represented by the general formula (A). The manufacturing method described.
• Item 2 The production method according to Item [5], wherein the second silane compound is one or more silane compounds selected from the group consisting of the compounds represented by the general formulas (C1) to (C4).
• the second silane compound is one or more silane compounds selected from the group consisting of the compounds represented by the general formulas (C1) to (C4).
• Each of R c1 to R c3 independently has a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched alkyl group or alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms and may have 1 or 2 or more substituents. However, the number of hydrogen atoms in R c1 to R c3 is 0 or 1.
• R c4 and R c5 represent linear or branched alkyl or alkoxy groups having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, which may independently have 1 or 2 or more substituents, respectively.
• Z c represents a 5- to 10-membered heterocyclic group containing one or more nitrogen atoms as ring-constituting atoms, which may have one or more substituents.
• Y c represents a hydrogen atom or a halogen group.
• R c6 represents a linear or branched alkyl group, alkoxy group, or alkylcarbonyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, which may have 1 or 2 or more substituents.
• s represents 1 or 2. However, when s is 2, R c6 does not exist.
• Item [7] Item 8. The production method according to any one of Items [4] to [6], wherein the reaction is carried out in the presence of an aminosilane catalyst. ⁇ Item [8] Item 2.
• the aminosilane catalyst is one or more aminosilane compounds selected from the group consisting of the compounds represented by the general formula (D).
• R d1 to R d3 independently represent a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched alkyl group or alkoxy group which may have a substituent. However, the number of hydrogen atoms in R c1 to R c3 is 0 or 1.
• R d4 and R d5 each independently represent an alkyl group, an aryl group, an alkylaryl group, or an arylalkyl group which may have a hydrogen atom or a substituent. However, the number of hydrogen atoms in R d4 and R d5 is 0 or 1. ) ⁇ Item [9] Item 8. The production method according to any one of Items [2] to [8], wherein the reaction is carried out in the presence of a Lewis acid catalyst. -Item [10] Item 2. The production method according to Item [9], wherein the Lewis acid catalyst is a metal compound containing one or more metals selected from the group consisting of titanium, zirconium, hafnium, tantalum, and niobium.
• Item 8 The production method according to any one of Items [2] to [10], wherein the reaction is carried out in the presence of a phosphorus compound.
• -Item [12] Item 8. The production method according to Item [11], wherein the phosphorus compound is a phosphine compound or a phosphate compound.
• -Item [13] Item 8. The production method according to any one of Items [2] to [12], wherein the reaction is a batch reaction or a flow reaction.
• a silane compound having a specific structure as a reactant that causes an amidation reaction between a carboxyl group and an amino group
• various substrates having a carboxyl group and an amino group can be treated. Therefore, it is possible to produce an amide compound by causing an amidation reaction with high stereoselectiveness and / or high efficiency.
• amino acid means a compound having a carboxyl group and an amino group.
• type of amino acid is not particularly limited.
• it may be either a D-amino acid or an L-amino acid.
• any of ⁇ -amino acid, ⁇ -amino acid, ⁇ -amino acid, ⁇ -amino acid, ⁇ -amino acid and the like may be used.
• amino acids include, but are not limited to, natural amino acids constituting proteins, and specific examples include valine, leucine, isoleucine, alanine, arginine, glutamine, lysine, aspartic acid, and glutamic acid. , Proline, cysteine, threonine, methionine, histidine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan, aspartic acid, glycine, serine and the like.
• peptide means a compound in which a plurality of amino acids are linked via a peptide bond.
• the plurality of amino acid units constituting the peptide may be the same type of amino acid units as each other, or may be two or more different types of amino acid units.
• the number of amino acids constituting the peptide is not particularly limited as long as it is 2 or more. Examples are 2 (also referred to as “dipeptide"), 3 (also referred to as “tripeptide”), 4 (also referred to as “tetrapeptide”), 5 (also referred to as "pentapeptide”), 6, 7, 8, 9 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 50, 100, or more can be mentioned.
• lactam means a compound in which a carboxyl group and an amino group of a single molecule form an amidation bond in the molecule
• cyclic peptide means a single peptide.
• a peptide in which a carboxyl group and an amino group in the molecule (for example, but not limited to this, a terminal carboxyl group and a terminal amino group) form a ring by an intramolecular amidation bond.
• the "amino group” is obtained by removing hydrogen from ammonia, a primary amine, or a secondary amine, and is obtained by removing hydrogen from the formulas -NH 2 , -NRH, or -NRR'(where R and R', respectively. Each means a substituent.) Means a functional group represented by.
• the hydrocarbon group may be aliphatic or aromatic unless otherwise specified.
• the aliphatic hydrocarbon group may be chain-like or cyclic.
• the chain hydrocarbon group may be linear or branched chain.
• the cyclic hydrocarbon group may be a monocyclic type, a bridged ring type, or a spiro ring type.
• Hydrocarbon groups may be saturated or unsaturated, in other words, they may contain one or more carbon-carbon double bonds and / or triple bonds.
• the hydrocarbon group is a concept including an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, a cycloalkyl group, a cycloalkenyl group, a cycloalkynyl group, an aryl group and the like.
• one or more hydrogen atoms of the hydrocarbon group may be substituted with any substituent, and one or more carbon atoms of the hydrocarbon group depend on the valence. It may be replaced with any heteroatom.
• hydrocarbon oxy group means a group in which the hydrocarbon group of the above definition is linked to one of the oxy groups (-O-).
• the heterocyclic group may be saturated or unsaturated, in other words, it may contain one or more carbon-carbon double bonds and / or triple bonds. Further, the heterocyclic group may be a monocyclic group, a bridged ring type, or a spiro ring type.
• the heteroatom contained in the heterocyclic constituent atom of the heterocyclic group is not limited, and examples thereof include nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, phosphorus, and silicon.
• heterocyclic oxy group means a group in which the heterocyclic group of the above definition is linked to one of the oxy groups (-O-).
• the "substituent” means an arbitrary substituent without particular limitation as long as the amidation step in the production method of the present invention proceeds, unless otherwise specified. Examples include, but are not limited to, halogen atoms, hydroxyl groups, carboxyl groups, nitro groups, cyano groups, thiol groups, sulfonic acid groups, amino groups, amide groups, imino groups, imide groups, and hydrocarbon groups.
• Heterocyclic group hydrocarbon oxy group, hydrocarbon carbonyl group (acyl group), hydrocarbon oxycarbonyl group, hydrocarbon carbonyloxy group, hydrocarbon substituted amino group, hydrocarbon substituted aminocarbonyl group, hydrocarbon carbonyl substituted amino Group, hydrocarbon substituted thiol group, hydrocarbon sulfonyl group, hydrocarbon oxysulfonyl group, hydrocarbon sulfonyloxy group, heterocyclic oxy group, heterocyclic carbonyl group, heterocyclic oxycarbonyl group, heterocyclic carbonyloxy group, heterocyclic amino Examples thereof include a group, a heterocyclic aminocarbonyl group, a heterocyclic carbonyl-substituted amino group, a heterocyclic thiol group, a heterocyclic sulfonyl group, a heterocyclic oxysulfonyl group and a heterocyclic sulfonyloxy group.
• Me represents a methyl group
• Et represents an ethyl group
• Pr represents a propyl group
• i-Pr represents an isopropyl group
• Bu represents a butyl group
• t-Bu represents a tert-butyl group.
• Ac represents an acetyl group
• acac represents acetylacetonate
• Cp represents cyclopentadienyl
• Tf represents trifluoromethanesulfonyl
• Trt represents a trityl group
• THF represents tetrahydrofuran
• DCM Represents dichloromethane and DMSO represents dimethyl sulfoxide.
• amino acids and their residues may be represented by three-letter abbreviations well known to those skilled in the art.
• the three-letter abbreviations for the main amino acids are shown in the table below.
• ⁇ -homoamino acids and their residues may be represented by prefixing the three-letter abbreviation of the corresponding ⁇ -amino acid with “Ho”.
• the "reactant" for an amide reaction between a carboxyl group and an amino group means an agent capable of causing an amide reaction between the carboxyl group and the amino group or promoting the amide reaction. To do.
• One aspect of the present invention is a reactant for an amide reaction between a carboxyl group and an amino group, which is a silane compound represented by the general formula (A) (hereinafter, appropriately referred to as “silane compound (A)”) and the general formula.
• a reactant containing one or more silane compounds selected from the silane compound represented by (B) hereinafter, appropriately referred to as "silane compound (B)" (hereinafter, appropriately referred to as "reactive agent of the present invention”. ).
• Ra1 represents a monovalent hydrocarbon group substituted with hydrogen or one or more halogen atoms.
• the hydrocarbon group may be aliphatic or aromatic, and may be a combination thereof. In the case of an aliphatic hydrocarbon group, it may be saturated or unsaturated, and may be cyclic or chain-like. In the case of a chain aliphatic hydrocarbon group, it may be linear or branched chain.
• the number of skeletal carbon atoms of the hydrocarbon group is not limited, but is usually 1 to 10, particularly preferably 1 to 7, and further preferably 1 to 4.
• the number of halogen atoms substituting the hydrocarbon group of Ra1 is also not limited and may be 1 or more, but usually 1 to 20, particularly 1 to 16, further 1 to 12, especially 1 to 8. Is preferable.
• the type of halogen atom is not limited, but is usually preferably selected from fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine, particularly preferably fluorine, chlorine, or bromine, and further selected from fluorine or chlorine. Is preferable. When the number of halogen atoms is 2 or more, they may be the same or different from each other.
• halogen substituted hydrocarbon group R a1 include, but are not limited to, the general formula -C m X n H (2m + 1-n) (wherein m is 1 or more arbitrary integer Represented, n represents an arbitrary integer of 1 or more (2 m + 1) or less, and X represents an arbitrary halogen atom. However, when n is 2 or more, a plurality of Xs may be the same or different). Examples include the represented (straight or branched) haloalkyl groups.
• haloalkyl groups include, but are not limited to, 1-fluoroethyl group, 1-chloroethyl group, 2-fluoroethyl group, 2-chloroethyl group, 1,1-difluoroethyl group, and the like.
• 1,1-dichloroethyl group 1,2-difluoroethyl group, 1,2-dichloroethyl group, 2,2-difluoroethyl group, 2,2-dichloroethyl group, 1,1,1-trifluoroethyl group , 1,1,1-trichloroethyl group, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl group, 2,2,2-trichloroethyl group, 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoron-propyl group, 2,2 , 3,3-Tetrachloro n-propyl group, 3,2,2,3,3-pentafluoro n-propyl group, 3,2,2,3,3-pentachloro n-propyl group, 1,1,1 , 3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropyl group, 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexachloroisopropyl group and the like.
• R a2 is a hydrogen atom or nitrogen having one or more (preferably 2 to 4, more preferably 2 or 3) ring-constituting atoms which may have 1 or 2 or more substituents.
• a substituent the type thereof is as described above, but among them, a halogen atom is preferable, and a chlorine atom or a fluorine atom is preferable.
• Specific examples of the number of substituents are, for example, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, or 0. When the number of substituents is 2 or more, they may be the same or different from each other.
• Ra2 is a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group
• specific examples thereof include, but are not limited to, pyrrole group, imidazole group, pyrazole group, triazole group (1,2,3-triazole group, 1,2,3-triazole group, 1,2,4-triazole group), piperidyl group, pyridinyl group, piperazinyl group, tetrazole group, indol group, benzimidazole group and the like.
• an imidazole group, a pyrazole group, a triazole group and the like are preferable.
• x represents an integer of 3 or 4
• y represents an integer of 1 or 0.
• x + y 4. That is, the number of halogen substituted hydrocarbon group R a1 is 3 or 4.
• the number of halogen-substituted hydrocarbon groups of Ra1 is preferably 3 (that is, x is 3 and y is 1).
• the x Ra1s may be the same as each other or may be different from each other.
• silane compound (A) examples include, but are not limited to, tris (1-fluoroethoxy) silane, tris (1-chloroethoxy) silane, tris (2-fluoroethoxy) silane, and tris.
• (2-Chloroethoxy) silane tris (1,1-difluoroethoxy) silane, tris (1,1-dichloroethoxy) silane, tris (1,2-difluoroethoxy) silane, tris (1,2-dichloroethoxy) Silane, Tris (2,2-difluoroethoxy) silane, Tris (2,2-dichloroethoxy) silane, Tris (1,1,1-trifluoroethoxy) silane, Tris (1,1,1-trichloroethoxy) silane , Tris (2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy) silane, Tris (2,2,2-trichloroethoxy) silane, Tris (2,2,3,3-tetrafluoron-propoxy) silane, Tris (2,2) 2,3,3-tetrachloro n-propoxy) silane, tris (2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoro n-propoxy) silane, tris
• the silane compound (A) includes tris (2,2,2-trichloroethoxy) silane, tris (2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy) silane, and tris (2,2,3,3-tetrafluoron).
• -Propoxy) silane, tris (1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropoxy) silane and the like are more preferable, and tris (2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy) silane, tris (1,1,1) 1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropoxy) silane and the like are particularly preferable.
• the silane compound (A) has a function as a reactant that causes an amidation reaction between a carboxyl group and an amino group in one or more substrate compounds having a carboxyl group and / or an amino group. Is a new finding that was not known in the past.
• the silane compounds (A) in particular the number of Ra1 -O group containing a halogen-substituted hydrocarbon group R a1 is 3 (i.e., x is 3, y is 1) compounds, It is a novel compound that has not been known in the past, and such a novel compound is also an object of one aspect of the present invention.
• Specific examples of the novel silane compound (A) include tris (1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropoxy) silane and tris (2,2,3,3-tetrafluoron-propoxy). Examples thereof include silane, tris (2,2,2-trichloroethoxy) silane, tris (2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy) silane and the like.
• R b1 and R b2 each independently have a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group or an alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or an alkyl group or an alkoxy group having 1 or 2 or more carbon atoms, or 6 to 12 carbon atoms.
• a substituent the type thereof is as described above, but among them, a halogen atom is preferable, and a chlorine atom or a fluorine atom is preferable.
• Specific examples of the number of substituents are, for example, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, or 0. When the number of substituents is 2 or more, they may be the same or different from each other.
• R b1 and R b2 may have a substituent
• preferred specific examples thereof include, but are not limited to, a methyl group, an ethyl group, and a propyl group (n-propyl group). , Iso group), butyl group (n-butyl group, tert-butyl group, sec-butyl group, isobutyl group), pentyl group, hexyl group, heptyl group, octyl group, nonyl group, decyl group, etc.
• Examples thereof include a group in which an alkyl group is substituted with one or more substituents such as a chlorine atom and / or a fluorine atom.
• substituents such as a chlorine atom and / or a fluorine atom.
• Specific examples of the alkoxy group in which R b1 and R b2 may have a substituent are not limited to these, but include specific examples of the alkyl group which may have the above-mentioned substituent. Examples thereof include a group obtained by linking an oxy group (—O—).
• aryl group, an aralkyl group, or an alkylaryl group in which R b1 and R b2 may have a substituent preferred specific examples thereof include, but are not limited to, a phenyl group and a benzyl group. , Trill group, naphthyl group, xsilyl group and the like, and further examples thereof include groups in which these aryl / aralkyl / alkylaryl groups are substituted with one or more substituents such as chlorine atom and / or fluorine atom.
• aryloxy group, aralkyloxy group, or alkylaryloxy group in which R b1 and R b2 may have a substituent include, but are not limited to, the above-mentioned substituent.
• Specific examples of the aryl / aralkyl / alkylaryl group which may be used and a group obtained by linking an oxy group (—O—) and the like can be mentioned.
• R b1 and R b2 methyl / methoxy group, ethyl / ethoxy group, propyl / propoxy group, butyl / butoxy group, (mono / di / tri) fluoro (methyl / methoxy) group, (mono / di /).
• Z b1 and Z b2 may independently have 1 or 2 or more substituents, and may have 1 or more ring-constituting atoms (preferably 2 to 4, more preferably 2 or 3).
• an alkyl group for example, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
• -R alkyl group
• nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group of Z b1 and Z b2 are not limited to these, but are not limited to these, but are a pyrrole group, an imidazole group, a pyrazole group, and a triazole group (1,2,3-triazole group, 1). , 2,4-Triazole group), piperidyl group, pyridinyl group, piperazinyl group, tetrazole group, indol group, benzimidazole group, etc.
• a group obtained by substituting these groups with the above-mentioned substituents for example, ( Examples thereof include a 2- / 3- / 4- / 5-) methylimidazole group and a (2,3- / 2,4- / 2,5-) dimethylimidazole group.
• substituents for example, an imidazole group, a pyrazole group, a triazole group, a 2-methylimidazole group and the like are preferable.
• silane compound (B) examples include, but are not limited to, dimethyldiimidazole silane, diethyldiimidazole silane, methylethyldiimidazole silane, dipropyldiimidazole silane, methylpropyldiimidazole silane, and the like.
• the silane compound (B) having the above-mentioned structure functions as a reactant that causes an amidation reaction between the carboxyl group and the amino group in one or more substrate compounds having a carboxyl group and / or an amino group. Having is also a new finding that has not been known in the past.
• silane compounds (A) may be used as the reactant, and only one or two or more silane compounds (B) may be used.
• one kind or two or more kinds of silane compounds (A) may be used in combination with one kind or two or more kinds of silane compounds (B).
• one or more silane compounds (A) and / or one or two or more silane compounds (B) may be used in combination with the second silane compound described later. That is, the selection and combination of the silane compound as the reactant is not limited in any way, and any selection and combination can be used.
• One aspect of the present invention is to use the above-mentioned silane compounds (A) and / or (B) as a reactant, and to use one or more compounds having a carboxyl group and / or an amino group as a substrate, and to use a carboxyl group and an amino group.
• the present invention relates to a method for producing an amide compound by causing an amidation reaction with and (hereinafter, appropriately referred to as "the production method of the present invention").
• the production method of the present invention can be roughly classified into the following embodiments depending on the substrate compound used and the type of the target compound produced by the amidation reaction.
• the first compound having a carboxyl group and an amino group is used as a substrate, and between the carboxyl group and the amino group of the first compound.
• the following mode can be mentioned as a particularly interesting mode.
• the first compound is a peptide and the second compound (lactam compound) is a cyclic peptide.
• Aspect (1) is a compound having a carboxyl group represented by the following formula (1-1) in the presence of the above-mentioned silane compound (A) and / or (B) (hereinafter, appropriately referred to as “compound (1-1)”). (Referred to as) and a compound having an amino group represented by the following formula (1-2) (hereinafter, appropriately referred to as “compound (1-2)”) are used as substrates, and the carboxyl group of compound (1-1) is used. By causing an intermolecular amidation reaction between the compound (1-2) and the amino group of the compound (1-2), the amide compound represented by the following formula (1-3) (hereinafter, appropriately referred to as “compound (1-3)”). .) Is a method of manufacturing.
• the carboxyl groups and amino groups of the different compounds (1-1) and (1-2) are subjected to an amidation reaction to link the two compounds (1-1) and (1-2).
• a new amide compound (1-3) is produced.
• R 11 and R 12 are each independently (i) a monovalent hydrocarbon group or heterocyclic group which may have 1 or 2 or more substituents, or (ii) 1 or 2 or more substituents. Represents a monovalent group in which a plurality of polyvalent hydrocarbon groups or heterocyclic groups which may have a substituent are linked, optionally via a linking group.
• R 11 and / or R 12 when R 11 and / or R 12 is (i), the compounds (1-1) and / or (1-2) are monomeric or low molecular weight compounds, and R 11 and / or Alternatively, when R 12 is (ii), the compound (1-1) and / or (1-2) is a polymer or a polymer compound.
• R 11 and R 12 are monovalent hydrocarbon groups or heterocyclic groups which may independently have (i) 1 or 2 or more substituents
• the outline thereof is as follows. It's a street.
• R 11 and / or R 12 are monovalent hydrocarbon groups which may have one or more substituents
• the hydrocarbon groups (including the substituents, if any) of the hydrocarbon groups are included.
• the number of carbon atoms is not particularly limited, but the upper limit is, for example, 40 or less, 30 or less, 20 or less, 16 or less, or 12 or less.
• the lower limit varies depending on the type of hydrocarbon group, but is 1 or more for an alkyl group, 2 or more for an alkenyl group or an alkynyl group, and 3 or more for a cycloalkyl group, for example, 4 or more, or 5 or more. .. Specific examples of the number of atoms are, for example, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 22. , 24, 26, 28, 30, 32, 34, 36, 38, or 40 and the like.
• R 11 and / or R 12 are monovalent heterocyclic groups that may have one or more substituents, then the heterocyclic group's (if it has a substituent, its substituent as well).
• the total number of carbon atoms and heteroatoms (including) is not particularly limited, but the upper limit is, for example, 20 or less, 15 or less, 10 or less, 8 or less, or 6 or less.
• the lower limit varies depending on the type of heterocyclic structure, but is usually 3 or more, for example, 4 or more, or 5 or more. Specific examples of the number of atoms are, for example, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 22, 24, 26. , 28, 30, 32, 34, 36, 38, or 40 and the like.
• R 11 and R 12 may independently have 1 or 2 or more substituents, such as an amino group, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkoxy group, an aryl group and an aryloxy group.
• substituents such as an amino group, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkoxy group, an aryl group and an aryloxy group.
• An acyl group, a heterocyclic group, a heterocyclic oxy group and the like are preferable.
• R 11 and R 12 include, but are not limited to, the following.
• the group having a carboxyl group may or may not have a protecting group. Although it depends on the reactivity of the compound (1-1) and the compound (1-2) used in the reaction, when the group having a carboxyl group among the above groups has a protecting group, the compound (1-) is usually used.
• the reaction selectivity with the carboxyl group on the right side in the formula 1) is improved more than the reaction selectivity with the carboxyl group existing in the other substituents.
• R 11 and R 12 each independently have (ii) a plurality of polyvalent hydrocarbon groups or heterocyclic groups which may have 1 or 2 or more substituents, optionally via a linking group. If it is a concatenated monovalent group, the outline is as follows.
• polyvalent hydrocarbon group or heterocyclic group a polyvalent (for example, two) obtained by further removing one or two or more hydrogen atoms from the above-mentioned monovalent hydrocarbon group or heterocyclic group.
• Valuable, trivalent, tetravalent, pentavalent, or higher) hydrocarbon groups or heterocyclic groups can be mentioned.
• a plurality of these polyvalent hydrocarbon groups or heterocyclic groups (for example, 2, 3, 4, 5, or more) are linked, even if they are linked by a direct bond. It may be intervening, but it may be intervened with a linking group.
• linking groups are, but are not limited to, each independently selected, for example, from the structures shown below (note that in the chemical formula below, A each independently has one or more substituents. Represents a monovalent hydrocarbon group or a heterocyclic group, which may be. If two A's are present in the same group, they may be the same or different from each other).
• R 11 and / or R 12 may have (ii) 1 or 2 or more substituents, and may have a plurality of polyvalent hydrocarbon groups or heterocyclic groups, optionally a linking group.
• Such compounds (1-1) and / or (1-2) are generally polymers or polymeric compounds when they are monovalent groups linked via. Examples of such polymers / polymer compounds are not limited to these, but examples thereof include the following.
• Peptides and proteins (detailed in aspect (3) below); -Nucleic acid (DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid), RNA (ribonucleic acid), etc.); -Polysaccharides (cellulose, amylose, starch, chitin, chitosan, etc.); ⁇ Complex polysaccharides (lipopolysaccharides, glycoproteins, etc.); ⁇ Lipids (simple lipids, phospholipids, glycolipids, etc.); -Natural / synthetic resins (phenolic resin, silicon resin, epoxy resin, melamine resin, urea resin, unsaturated polyester resin, alkyd resin, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl acetate, polylactic acid, polyester , Polyurethane, polyamide (nylon, etc.), acrylic / methacrylic resin, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, natural / synthetic
• R 13 represents a monovalent hydrocarbon group or heterocyclic group which may have a hydrogen atom, a carboxyl group, or a hydroxyl group, or one or more substituents. If it has a substituent, its type is as described above. Specific examples of the number of substituents are, for example, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, or 0.
• R 13 is a monovalent hydrocarbon group or a heterocyclic group which may have one or more substituents, it is bonded to such a hydrocarbon group or a heterocyclic group.
• a linking group may be interposed with the nitrogen atom.
• Such linking groups are, but are not limited to, each independently selected, for example, from the structures shown below (note that in the chemical formula below, A each independently has one or more substituents. Represents a monovalent hydrocarbon group or a heterocyclic group, which may be. If two A's are present in the same group, they may be the same or different from each other).
• the upper limit of the number of carbon atoms of a hydrocarbon group is, for example, 20 or less, 15 or less, 10 or less, 8 or less, or 6 or less.
• the lower limit varies depending on the type of hydrocarbon group, but is 1 or more for an alkyl group, 2 or more for an alkenyl group or an alkynyl group, and 3 or more for a cycloalkyl group, for example, 4 or more, or 5 or more. ..
• Specific examples of the number of atoms include, for example, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, or 20 and the like. Is.
• the total number of carbon atoms and heteroatoms of the heterocyclic group (including the substituent if it has a substituent) has an upper limit of, for example, 20 or less, 15 or less, 10 or less, 8 or less, or 6 or less. ..
• the lower limit varies depending on the type of heterocyclic structure, but is usually 3 or more, for example, 4 or more, or 5 or more. Specific examples of the number of atoms are, for example, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, or 20 and the like.
• R 12 and R 13 are bonded to each other to form a heterocycle which may have one or more substituents together with the carbon atom to which R 12 is bonded and the nitrogen atom to which R 13 is bonded. May be. If it has a substituent, its type is as described above. Specific examples of the number of substituents are, for example, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, or 0.
• the total number of carbon atoms and heteroatoms of the heterocyclic group (including the substituent if it has a substituent) has an upper limit of, for example, 20 or less, 15 or less, 10 or less, 8 or less, or 6 or less. ..
• the lower limit varies depending on the type of heterocyclic structure, but is usually 3 or more, for example, 4 or more, or 5 or more. Specific examples of the number of atoms are, for example, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, or 20 and the like.
• heterocycle examples include, but are not limited to, a pyrolinyl group, a pyrrolyl group, a 2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrrolyl group, a piperidinyl group, a piperazinyl group, a homopiperazinyl group, and a morpholino group.
• Aspect (2) is a compound having a carboxyl group and an amino group represented by the following formula (2-1) in the presence of the above-mentioned silane compound (A) and / or (B) (hereinafter, appropriately “Compound (2-1)”. ) ”) As a substrate, and by causing an intermolecular amidation reaction (lactamization reaction) between the carboxyl group and the amino group of compound (2-1), the following formula (2-2) This is a method for producing a lactam compound represented by (hereinafter, appropriately referred to as "compound (2-2)").
• the carboxyl group and the amino group of the same compound (2-1) are subjected to an intramolecular amidation reaction (lactamization reaction) to cyclize the present compound (2-1), and a new lactam compound (2-1) is formed. 2-2) is manufactured.
• R 21 has (i) a divalent hydrocarbon group or heterocyclic group which may have 1 or 2 or more substituents, or (ii) 1 or 2 or more substituents. It represents a divalent group consisting of a plurality of polyvalent hydrocarbon groups or heterocyclic groups, optionally via a linking group. Roughly speaking, when R 21 is (i), the compound (2-1) is a monomer compound, and when R 21 is (ii), the compound (2-1) is a polymer or It becomes a polymer compound.
• R 21 is (i) a divalent hydrocarbon group or a heterocyclic group which may have one or more substituents
• an example thereof is R of the above formula (1-1).
• 11 and the hydrocarbon group or heterocyclic group of monovalent described for R 12 of said formula (1-2) include a divalent hydrocarbon group or heterocyclic group obtained by removing any hydrogen atom Be done.
• Other details are the same as those described above for R 11 of the above formula (1-1) and R 12 of the above formula (1-2).
• R 21 is composed of (ii) a plurality of polyvalent hydrocarbon groups or heterocyclic groups which may have one or more substituents, optionally via a linking group.
• a valence group as an example, a plurality of polyvalent hydrocarbon groups or heterocyclic groups described for R 11 of the above formula (1-1) and R 12 of the above formula (1-2) are linked. Examples thereof include a divalent group obtained by removing an arbitrary hydrogen atom from the monovalent group obtained. Other details are the same as those described above for R 11 of the above formula (1-1) and R 12 of the above formula (1-2).
• R 22 represents a monovalent hydrocarbon group or heterocyclic group which may have a hydrogen atom, a carboxyl group, a hydroxyl group, or one or more substituents.
• the details of R 22 are the same as the details described above for R 13 of the above formula (1-2).
• R 21 and R 22 may be bonded to each other to form a heterocycle which may have one or more substituents together with the nitrogen atom to which R 21 and R 22 are bonded. .. Details of such heterocycles is similar to the details that the R 12 and R 13 in the formula (1-2) has been described heterocyclic previously coupled to each other to form.
• Aspect (3) is referred to as an amino acid or peptide represented by the following formula (3-1) in the presence of the above-mentioned silane compound (A) and / or (B) (hereinafter, appropriately referred to as “compound (3-1)”.
• the amino acid or peptide represented by the following formula (3-2) (hereinafter, appropriately referred to as “compound (3-2)”) are used as substrates, and the terminal carboxyl group of the compound (3-1) and the compound ( By causing an intermolecular amidation reaction with the terminal amino group of 3-2), the peptide represented by the following formula (1-3) (hereinafter, appropriately referred to as “compound (3-3)”) is obtained. It is a method of manufacturing.
• the carboxyl groups and amino groups of different amino acids or peptides (3-1) and (3-2) are subjected to an amidation reaction, and these amino acids or peptides (3-1) and (3-2) are subjected to an amidation reaction.
• these amino acids or peptides (3-1) and (3-2) are subjected to an amidation reaction.
• R 31 , R 32 , R 34 , and R 36 each independently have a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, a nitro group, a cyano group, or a thiol group, or one or more substituents.
• R 31 , R 32 , R 34 , and / or R 36 are monovalent hydrocarbon groups or heterocyclic groups which may have 1 or 2 or more substituents
• a linking group may be interposed between the hydrocarbon group or the heterocyclic group and the carbon atom to which the group is bonded.
• Such linking groups are, but are not limited to, each independently selected, for example, from the structures shown below (note that in the chemical formula below, A each independently has one or more substituents. Represents a monovalent hydrocarbon group or a heterocyclic group, which may be. If two A's are present in the same group, they may be the same or different from each other).
• the number of carbon atoms of the hydrocarbon group is not particularly limited, but the upper limit is, for example, 20 or less, 15 or less, 10 or less, 8 or less, or 6 or less. ..
• the lower limit varies depending on the type of hydrocarbon group, but is 1 or more for an alkyl group, 2 or more for an alkenyl group or an alkynyl group, and 3 or more for a cycloalkyl group, for example, 4 or more, or 5 or more. ..
• Specific examples of the number of atoms include, for example, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, or 20 and the like. Is.
• the total number of carbon atoms and heteroatoms of the heterocyclic group is not particularly limited, but the upper limit is, for example, 20 or less, 15 or less, 10 or less, 8 or less. Or 6 or less.
• the lower limit varies depending on the type of heterocyclic structure, but is usually 3 or more, for example, 4 or more, or 5 or more. Specific examples of the number of atoms are, for example, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, or 20 and the like.
• R 31 , R 32 , R 34 , and R 36 are independently substituted with a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a thiol group, a carboxyl group, a nitro group, a cyano group, or a halogen atom, or one or more. It may have a group, preferably an amino group, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkoxy group, an aryl group, an aryloxy group, an acyl group, a heterocyclic group, a heterocyclic oxy group or the like. ..
• R 31 , R 32 , R 34 , and R 36 include, but are not limited to, the following.
• Halogen atoms such as fluorine atom, chlorine atom, bromine atom, iodine atom; -Methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, isobutyl group, tert-butyl group, sec-butyl group, pentyl group, isopentyl group, neopentyl group, hexyl group, heptyl group, octyl group, Alkyl groups such as decyl group and nonyl group; -Alkenyl groups such as ethenyl group, propenyl group, allyl group, butenyl group, pentenyl group, hexenyl group, heptenyl group, octenyl group; ⁇ Alkyl groups such as decyl group and nonyl group; -Alkenyl groups such as ethenyl group, propeny
• the group having a carboxyl group may or may not have a protecting group. Although it depends on the reactivity of the compound (3-1) and the compound (3-2) used in the reaction, when the group having a carboxyl group among the above groups has a protecting group, the compound (3-) is usually used.
• the reaction selectivity with the carboxyl group on the right side in the formula 1) is improved more than the reaction selectivity with the carboxyl group existing in the other substituents.
• R 33 and R 36 each independently represent a monovalent hydrocarbon group or heterocyclic group which may have a hydrogen atom, a carboxyl group, or a hydroxyl group, or one or more substituents. .. If it has a substituent, its type is as described above. Specific examples of the number of substituents are, for example, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, or 0.
• R 33 and / or R 36 is a monovalent hydrocarbon group or a heterocyclic group which may have one or more substituents, such a hydrocarbon group or a heterocyclic group is used.
• a linking group may be interposed between the formula group and the nitrogen atom to which it is attached.
• Such linking groups are, but are not limited to, each independently selected, for example, from the structures shown below (note that in the chemical formula below, A each independently has one or more substituents. Represents a monovalent hydrocarbon group or a heterocyclic group, which may be. If two A's are present in the same group, they may be the same or different from each other).
• the upper limit of the number of carbon atoms of a hydrocarbon group is, for example, 20 or less, 15 or less, 10 or less, 8 or less, or 6 or less.
• the lower limit varies depending on the type of hydrocarbon group, but is 1 or more for an alkyl group, 2 or more for an alkenyl group or an alkynyl group, and 3 or more for a cycloalkyl group, for example, 4 or more, or 5 or more. ..
• Specific examples of the number of atoms include, for example, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, or 20 and the like. Is.
• the total number of carbon atoms and heteroatoms of the heterocyclic group (including the substituent if it has a substituent) has an upper limit of, for example, 20 or less, 15 or less, 10 or less, 8 or less, or 6 or less. ..
• the lower limit varies depending on the type of heterocyclic structure, but is usually 3 or more, for example, 4 or more, or 5 or more. Specific examples of the number of atoms are, for example, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, or 20 and the like.
• R 33 and R 36 have an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, a cycloalkyl group, which may independently have a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, or a carboxyl group, or one or more substituents. It is preferably an alkoxy group, an aryl group, an aryloxy group, an acyl group, a heterocyclic group, a heterocyclic oxy group or the like.
• R 33 and R 36 include, but are not limited to, the following.
• Hydrogen atom hydroxyl group, carboxyl group; -Methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, isobutyl group, tert-butyl group, sec-butyl group, pentyl group, isopentyl group, neopentyl group, hexyl group, heptyl group, octyl group, Alkyl groups such as decyl group and nonyl group; -Alkenyl groups such as ethenyl group, propenyl group, allyl group, butenyl group, pentenyl group, hexenyl group, heptenyl group, octenyl group; ⁇ Alkynyl groups such as propargyl groups; -Cycloalkyl groups such as cyclopropyl group, cyclobutyl group, cyclopentyl group, cyclo
• R 31 and R 33 are bonded to each other to form a heterocycle which may have one or more substituents together with the carbon atom to which R 31 is bonded and the nitrogen atom to which R 33 is bonded.
• Heterocycles may be such that R 34 and R 36 are bonded to each other and have one or more substituents together with the carbon atom to which R 34 is bonded and the nitrogen atom to which R 36 is bonded. May be formed. If it has a substituent, its type is as described above. Specific examples of the number of substituents are, for example, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, or 0.
• the total number of carbon atoms and heteroatoms of the heterocyclic group (including the substituent if it has a substituent) has an upper limit of, for example, 20 or less, 15 or less, 10 or less, 8 or less, or 6 or less. ..
• the lower limit varies depending on the type of heterocyclic structure, but is usually 3 or more, for example, 4 or more, or 5 or more. Specific examples of the number of atoms are, for example, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, or 20 and the like.
• heterocycle examples include, but are not limited to, a pyrolinyl group, a pyrrolyl group, a 2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrrolyl group, a piperidinyl group, a piperazinyl group, a homopiperazinyl group, and a morpholino group.
• a 1 to A 4 represent divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon groups having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, which may independently have 1 or 2 or more substituents, respectively. Specific examples thereof include, but are not limited to, a methylene group, an ethylene group, a propylene group, an isopropylene group, etc., and a group in which these groups are substituted with one or more of the above-mentioned substituents. Can be mentioned. Specific examples of the number of substituents are, for example, 3, 2, 1, or 0.
• P1 to p4 independently represent 0 or 1, respectively.
• M and n are integers of 1 or more that independently represent the number of structural units represented by the structure in []. That is, m represents the number of amino acid units in [] of the general formula (3-1). When m is 1, compound (3-1) becomes an amino acid, and when m is 2 or more, compound (3-1) becomes a peptide. Similarly, n represents the number of amino acid units in [] of the general formula (3-2). When n is 1, compound (3-2) becomes an amino acid, and when n is 2 or more, compound (3-2) becomes a peptide.
• m and n are not particularly limited as long as the amination step proceeds, but for example, 100 or less, 80 or less, 60 or less, 50 or less, 40 or less, 30 or less, 20 or less, 15 or less, 12 or less, or 10 And so on.
• Specific examples of m and n are independently 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, and so on. 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100 and the like.
• R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , A 1 , A 2 , p1, and p2, which define the structure in [], are a plurality of amino acid units. They may be the same or different.
• R 4 , R 5 , R 5 , A 3 , A 4 , p3, and p4, which define the structure in [] are the same among a plurality of amino acid units. It may be different. That is, when the compound (3-1) and / or the compound (3-2) is a peptide, the plurality of amino acid units constituting the peptide may be the same or different.
• T 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent substituent.
• a monovalent substituent the type thereof is not particularly limited, but in addition to the above-mentioned groups as R 33 and R 36 , an amino group protecting group (hereinafter, this is appropriately referred to as PG 1 ) can be mentioned. Be done.
• the amino-protecting group PG 1 is particularly limited as long as it can protect the amino group from reacting in the amidation step and can be deprotected and converted into an amino group after the reaction. Not done.
• the protecting group PG 1 for an amino group a wide variety of known ones are known. Examples include monovalent hydrocarbon groups that may have one or more substituents, or monovalent heterocyclic groups that may have one or more substituents. Can be mentioned. Among them, a monovalent hydrocarbon group which may have 1 or 2 or more substituents is preferable. However, a linking group is interposed between such a hydrocarbon group or a heterocyclic group and the nitrogen atom of the amino group to be protected by the hydrocarbon group (the nitrogen atom to which PG 1 is bonded in the formula (3-1)). You may.
• linking groups are, but are not limited to, each independently selected from, for example, the linking groups shown below (note that in the following chemical formula, A each independently has one or more substituents. It represents a monovalent hydrocarbon group or a heterocyclic group which may be used. When two A's are present in the same group, they may be the same as each other or different from each other.)
• the number of carbon atoms of the protecting group PG 1 is usually 1 or more or 3 or more, and usually 20 or less or 15 or less.
• the amino group protective group PG 1 may have one or more substituents, a monovalent hydrocarbon group, an acyl group, a hydrocarbon oxycarbonyl group, a hydrocarbon sulfonyl group, and an amide. It is preferably one or more groups selected from the group consisting of groups.
• amino-protecting group PG 1 Specific examples of the amino-protecting group PG 1 are listed below.
• name of the protecting group of the amino group in addition to the name of the functional group bonded to the nitrogen atom of the amino group, there is also a name including the nitrogen atom, and both are also included in the following names. It has been.
• the unsubstituted or substituted hydrocarbon group include an alkyl group such as a methyl group, an ethyl group and a propyl group; an alkenyl group such as an ethenyl group, a propenyl group and an allyl group; an alkynyl group such as a propargyl group; a cyclopropyl Cycloalkyl group such as group, cyclobutyl group, cyclopentyl group, cyclohexyl group; aryl group such as phenyl group, benzyl group, paramethoxybenzyl group, trill group, triphenylmethyl group (trock group); substituted hydrocarbon such as cyanomethyl group Group etc. can be mentioned.
• the number of carbon atoms is usually 1 or more or 3 or more, and usually 20 or less or 15 or less.
• unsubstituted or substituted acyl group examples include a benzoyl group (Bz), an orthomethoxybenzoyl group, a 2,6-dimethoxybenzoyl group, a paramethoxybenzoyl group (PMPCO), a cinnamoyl group, a phthaloyl group (Phth) and the like. Can be mentioned.
• unsubstituted or substituted hydrocarbon oxycarbonyl group examples include a tert-butoxycarbonyl group (Boc), a benzyloxycarbonyl group (Cbz or Z), a methoxycarbonyl group, an ethoxycarbonyl group, a 2-trimethylsilylethoxycarbonyl group, and the like.
• 2-Phenylethoxycarbonyl group 1- (1-adamantyl) -1-methylethoxycarbonyl group, 1- (3,5-di-t-butylphenyl) -1-methylethoxycarbonyl group, vinyloxycarbonyl group, allyl Oxycarbonyl group (Alloc), N-hydroxypiperidinyloxycarbonyl group, p-methoxybenzyloxycarbonyl group, p-nitrobenzyloxycarbonyl group, 2- (1,3-dithianyl) methoxycarbonyl, m-nitrophenoxycarbonyl Groups, 3,5-dimethoxybenzyloxycarbonyl group, o-nitrobenzyloxycarbonyl group, 2,2,2-trichloroethoxycarbonyl group (Troc), 9-fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl group (Fmoc) and the like. ..
• unsubstituted or substituted hydrocarbon sulfonyl group examples include a methanesulfonyl group (Ms), a toluenesulfonyl group (Ts), a 2- or 4-nitrobenzenesulfonyl group (Ns) group and the like.
• Ms methanesulfonyl group
• Ts toluenesulfonyl group
• Ns 2- or 4-nitrobenzenesulfonyl group
• unsubstituted or substituted amide group examples include acetamide, o- (benzoyloxymethyl) benzamide, 2-[(t-butyldiphenylsiloxy) methyl] benzamide, 2-toluenesulfonamide, and 4-toluenesulfonamide. , 2-Nitrobenzenesulfonamide, 4-nitrobenzenesulfonamide, tert-butylsulfinylamide, 4-toluenesulfonamide, 2- (trimethylsilyl) ethanesulfonamide, benzylsulfoneamide and the like.
• Protecting groups that can be deprotected by one method are also given as an example of the amino-protecting group PG 1.
• amino group protective group PG 1 examples include a mesyl group (Ms), a tert-butoxycarbonyl group (Boc), a benzyl group (Bn or Bzl), a benzyloxycarbonyl group (Cbz), and a benzoyl group (Bz).
• Paramethoxybenzyl group PMB
• 2,2,2-trichloroethoxycarbonyl group Troc
• allyloxycarbonyl group Allloc
• 2,4-dinitrophenyl group (2,4-DNP)
• phthaloyl group Phth
• Paramethoxybenzoyl group PMPCO
• cinnamoyl group toluenesulfonyl group (Ts)
• Ns 4-nitrobenzenesulfonyl group
• cyanomethyl group 9-fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl group (Fmoc) and the like. ..
• these protecting groups can easily protect the amino group and can be removed under relatively mild conditions.
• amino group protective group PG 1 include a mesyl group (Ms), a tert-butoxycarbonyl group (Boc), a benzyloxycarbonyl group (Cbz), a benzyl group (Bn), and a paramethoxybenzyl group (PMB).
• Ms mesyl group
• Boc tert-butoxycarbonyl group
• Cbz benzyloxycarbonyl group
• Bn benzyl group
• PMB paramethoxybenzyl group
• amino group protective group PG 1 include a mesyl group (Ms), a tert-butoxycarbonyl group (Boc), a benzyloxycarbonyl group (Cbz), a benzyl group (Bn), and a paramethoxybenzyl group (PMB). ), 2,2,2-Trichloroethoxycarbonyl group (Troc), allyloxycarbonyl group (Allloc), paramethoxybenzoyl group (PMPCO), benzoyl group (Bz), cyanomethyl group, cinnamoyl group and the like.
• Ms mesyl group
• Boc tert-butoxycarbonyl group
• Cbz benzyloxycarbonyl group
• Bn benzyl group
• PMB paramethoxybenzyl group
• Troc 2,2,2-Trichloroethoxycarbonyl group
• allyloxycarbonyl group Allloc
• paramethoxybenzoyl group PMPCO
• T 2 represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent substituent.
• a monovalent substituent the type thereof is not particularly limited, but in addition to the above-mentioned groups as R 31 , R 32 , R 34 , and R 36 , a carboxyl protecting group (hereinafter appropriately referred to as appropriate below).
• PG 2 The carboxyl group protecting group PG 2 is particularly limited as long as it can protect the carboxyl group from reacting in the amidation step and can be deprotected and converted into a carboxyl group after the reaction. Not done.
• Examples of the carboxyl-protecting group PG 2 include a monovalent hydrocarbon group or a heterocyclic group which may have one or more substituents. If it has a substituent, its type is as described above. Specific examples of the number of substituents are, for example, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, or 0.
• the upper limit of the number of carbon atoms of a hydrocarbon group is, for example, 20 or less, 15 or less, 10 or less, 8 or less, or 6 or less.
• the lower limit varies depending on the type of hydrocarbon group, but is 1 or more for an alkyl group, 2 or more for an alkenyl group or an alkynyl group, and 3 or more for a cycloalkyl group, for example, 4 or more, or 5 or more. ..
• Specific examples of the number of atoms include, for example, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, or 20 and the like. Is.
• the total number of carbon atoms and heteroatoms of the heterocyclic group (including the substituent if it has a substituent) has an upper limit of, for example, 20 or less, 15 or less, 10 or less, 8 or less, or 6 or less. ..
• the lower limit varies depending on the type of heterocyclic structure, but is usually 3 or more, for example, 4 or more, or 5 or more. Specific examples of the number of atoms are, for example, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, or 20 and the like.
• carboxyl-protecting group PG 2 examples include, but are not limited to, the following.
• the reaction procedure is adjusted as described later, and (a) first, the first amino acid or peptide (3-1) is brought into contact with the silane compound (A) and / or (B). (B) Next, the second silane compound (if used optionally) is contacted, and (c) the second amino acid or peptide (3-2) is contacted in this order. Amino groups (amino groups on the left side in the formula of compound (3-1)) and carboxyl groups (compounds (compound (3-1)) that are present in the compounds (3-1) and (3-2) and should not be subject to the amidation reaction.
• the amino group on the left side of the general formula (3-2) may form a salt with another acid.
• the other acid is not limited to these, but is an aliphatic carboxylic acid having 1 to 5 carbon atoms such as acetic acid and propionic acid; trifluoroacetic acid, hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid, nitrate. , Phosphoric acid, boric acid, sulfonic acid and the like.
• the aspect (3) is a lower aspect in which the compound (1-1) and the compound (1-2) of the aspect (1) are both amino acids or peptides, and the compound (1-3) is a peptide. You can also do it.
• a lower aspect in which the compound (2-1) is an amino acid or a peptide and the compound (2-2) is a cyclic peptide can be considered. The details of these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art if the above-mentioned details of embodiments (2) and (3) are appropriately taken into consideration.
• a part or all of the compound serving as a substrate may be linked / immobilized on a carrier such as a substrate or a resin at any substituent.
• the type of carrier such as a substrate or a resin is not limited. It is possible to use any conventionally known carrier such as a substrate or resin as long as it does not substantially inhibit the amide bond reaction in the production method of the present invention and does not deviate from the gist of the present invention.
• the mode of linking / immobilizing the substrate compound and the carrier such as the substrate or the resin is not limited in any way, but any substituents contained in the substrate compound and the substituents existing on the carrier such as the substrate or the resin are present. It is preferable to form a covalent bond with and.
• each substituent and the method of forming a covalent bond there is no limitation on the type of each substituent and the method of forming a covalent bond. It is possible to use any conventionally known method for forming a substituent and a covalent bond without substantially inhibiting the amide bond reaction in the production method of the present invention and within the range not deviating from the gist of the present invention. It is possible.
• the substrate compound is an amino acid or a peptide as in the aspect (3) or the like
• the substrate compound is shared by using a carboxyl group or an amino group (other than the carboxyl group or the amino group to be formed by the amide bond reaction).
• the substrate compound may be linked and immobilized on a carrier such as a substrate or a resin by binding.
• Such an embodiment can be regarded in the same manner as the embodiment in which the carboxyl group or amino group (other than the carboxyl group or amino group to be formed of the amide bond reaction) of the substrate compound is protected by introducing a protecting group. is there
• the amount of the substrate compound used in the production method of the present invention varies depending on the aspect of the production method of the present invention, but is as follows.
• the amount ratio of the compound (1-1) to the compound (1-2) is not particularly limited, but the compound (1-2) with respect to 1 mol of the compound (1-1).
• ) Is usually 0.1 mol or more, for example 0.2 mol or more, 0.3 mol or more, or 0.5 mol or more, and usually 20 mol or less, for example 10 mol or less, 8 mol or less, 6 mol or less, 5 It can be used in the range of mol or less, or 2 mol or less. Further, it is preferable to use more compound (1-1) than compound (1-2) in terms of high reaction efficiency.
• the molar ratio of compound (1-2) is 0.5 or less with respect to 1 mol of compound (1-1).
• the quantitative ratio of the compound (3-1) and the compound (3-2) is the same as that of the embodiment (1). That is, although not particularly limited, the compound (3-2) is usually 0.1 mol or more, for example 0.2 mol or more, 0.3 mol or more, or 0.5 mol with respect to 1 mol of the compound (3-1). It can be used in the range of mol or more, and usually 20 mol or less, for example, 10 mol or less, 8 mol or less, 6 mol or less, 5 mol or less, or 2 mol or less. Further, it is preferable to use more compound (3-1) than compound (3-2) in terms of high reaction efficiency.
• the molar ratio of compound (3-2) is 0.5 or less with respect to 1 mol of compound (3-1).
• the amount of the silane compound (A) and / or (B) used as the reactant of the present invention is an amount capable of inducing an amidation reaction between a desired carboxyl group and an amino group through the implementation of the production method of the present invention. If there is, there is no particular limitation.
• the silane compound (A) and / or (B) is usually 0.1 mol or more, for example 0.2 mol or more, 0.3 mol or more, 0.5 mol or more, or It can be used in an amount of 1 mol or more.
• the upper limit of the amount of the silane compound (A) and / or (B) used is not particularly limited, but usually 20 mol of the silane compound (A) and / or (B) is used for 1 mol of each substrate compound.
• it can be used in the range of 10 mol or less, 8 mol or less, 6 mol or less, or 5 mol or less, and 2 mol or less can be used from the viewpoint of reaction efficiency.
• two or more types of silane compounds (A) and / or (B) are used in combination, make sure that the total amount of the two or more types of silane compounds (A) and / or (B) satisfies the above range. Just do it.
• a second silane compound may be used in addition to the above-mentioned substrate compound and silane compound (A) and / or (B) (reactant of the present invention).
• the reaction procedure is adjusted as described later, and (a) first, the first amino acid or peptide (3-1) is brought into contact with the silane compound (A) and / or (B).
• silane compound (C) When the second silane compound is used in the production method of the present invention, the type thereof is not limited, but one or more silane compounds selected from the group consisting of the compounds represented by the general formulas (C1) to (C4) ( Hereinafter, it is preferable to appropriately use (referred to as “silane compound (C)").
• Each of R c1 to R c3 may independently have a hydrogen atom or a substituent, and is a linear or branched chain having 1 to 10 carbon atoms (preferably 1 to 5 carbon atoms, particularly 1 to 3 carbon atoms). Represents a branched alkyl group or alkoxy group. However, at least two of R c1 to R c3 are alkyl groups or alkoxy groups which may have a substituent. In other words, there are 0 or 1 hydrogen atoms in R c1 to R c3.
• R c4 and R c5 may independently have a substituent, and are linear or branched alkyl having 1 to 10 carbon atoms (preferably 1 to 5 carbon atoms, particularly 1 to 3 carbon atoms). Represents a group or an alkoxy group.
• R c1 to R c5 are alkyl groups or alkoxy groups having a substituent
• the type of the substituent is as described above, but the halogen atom is preferable.
• Specific examples of the number of substituents are, for example, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, or 0.
• Z c contains 5 to 1 or more (preferably 2 to 4, more preferably 2 or 3) nitrogen atoms as ring-constituting atoms, which may have 1 or 2 or more substituents. It represents a 10-membered (preferably 5-membered, 6-membered, or 10-membered) heterocyclic group.
• the heterocyclic group has a substituent
• an alkyl group for example, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms; hereinafter -R) (May indicate), alkoxy group (-OR), amino group (-NH 2 ), alkylamino group (-NHR), dialkylamino group (-NR 2 : Even if the two alkyl groups R are the same, It may be different), a thioalkyl group (-SR), and a group in which these groups are substituted with one or more halogen atoms (for example, bromine or chlorine atom) are preferable.
• Specific examples of the number of substituents are, for example, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, or 0. When the number of substituents is 2 or more, they may be the same or different from each other.
• nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group of Z c are not limited to these, but are limited to, but are not limited to, a pyrrole group, an imidazole group, a pyrazole group, and a triazole group (1,2,3-triazole group, 1,2, 4-Triazole group), piperidyl group, pyridinyl group, piperazinyl group, tetrazole group, indol group, benzimidazole group, etc. Further, a group obtained by substituting these groups with the above-mentioned substituents, for example (2-/3).
• Methyl imidazole group (2,3- / 2,4- / 2,5-) dimethyl imidazole group and the like can be mentioned.
• an imidazole group, a pyrazole group, a triazole group, a 2-methylimidazole group and the like are preferable.
• Y c represents a hydrogen atom or a halogen group such as a chlorine atom or a bromine atom.
• R c6 may have a substituent, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms (preferably 1 to 5 carbon atoms, particularly 1 to 3 carbon atoms), an alkoxy group, or an alkyl. Examples include carbonyl groups. When this group has a substituent, the type thereof is as described above, but a halogen atom is preferable. Specific examples of the number of substituents are, for example, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, or 0.
• s 1 or 2.
• R c6 does not exist.
• Examples of the compound represented by the general formula (C1) are 1- (trimethylsilyl) imidazole (TMSIM), dimethylethylsilylimidazole (DMESI), dimethylisopropylsilylimidazole (DMIPSI), 1- (tert-butyldimethylsilyl) imidazole. (TBSIM), 1- (trimethylsilyl) triazole, 1- (tert-butyldimethylsilyl) triazole, dimethylsilyl imidazole, dimethylsilyl (2-methyl) imidazole and the like can be mentioned. Of these, 1- (trimethylsilyl) imidazole (TMSIM), 1- (tert-butyldimethylsilyl) imidazole (TBSIM) and the like are preferable.
• Examples of the compound represented by the general formula (C2) include trimethylbromosilane (TMBS), trimethylchlorosilane (TMCS) and the like. Of these, trimethylbromosilane (TMBS) and the like are preferable.
• Examples of the compound represented by the general formula (C3) are N-methyl-Ntrimethylsilyltrifluoroacetamide (MSTFA), N, O-bis (trimethylsilyl) trifluoroacetamide (BSTFA), N, O-bis ( Examples thereof include trimethylsilyl) acetamide (BSA). Of these, N-methyl-N-trimethylsilyltrifluoroacetamide (MSTFA) and the like are preferable.
• Examples of the compound represented by the general formula (C4) include N- (trimethylsilyl) dimethylamine (TMSMAM), N- (tert-butyldimethylsilyl) -N-methyltrifluoroacetamide (MTBSTFA), and hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS) and the like.
• TMSMAM trimethylsilyl dimethylamine
• MTBSTFA N- (tert-butyldimethylsilyl) -N-methyltrifluoroacetamide
• HMDS hexamethyldisilazane
• any one type of silane compound (C) may be used alone, or two or more types of silane compound (C) may be used in combination in any combination.
• the amount of the second silane compound used is not particularly limited as long as it can induce an amidation reaction between a desired carboxyl group and an amino group through the implementation of the production method of the present invention.
• the second silane compound is usually used in an amount of 0.1 mol or more, for example 0.2 mol or more, 0.3 mol or more, 0.5 mol or more, or 1 mol or more. it can.
• the upper limit of the amount of the second silane compound used is not particularly limited, but the amount of the second silane compound is usually 20 mol or less, for example, 10 mol or less, 8 mol or less, 6 for 1 mol of each substrate compound.
• the total amount of the two or more kinds of second silane compounds may satisfy the above range.
• Aminosilane catalyst The production method of the present invention has a specific structure in addition to the above-mentioned substrate compound and silane compound (A) and / or (B) (reactant of the present invention), and a second silane compound optionally used. Aminosilane compounds may be added as catalysts. By carrying out the reaction in which such an aminosilane catalyst is allowed to coexist in the reaction system, the reaction rate is improved, the amount of the substrate compound used is reduced, and the silane compounds (A) and / or (B) (reactants of the present invention) Various advantages such as reduction of usage may be obtained.
• an aminosilane compound is used as a catalyst in the production method of the present invention
• the type thereof is not limited, but a compound having a structure represented by the following formula (D) is preferable.
• R d1 to R d3 independently represent a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched alkyl group or alkoxy group which may have a substituent. However, at least two (preferably three) of R c1 to R c3 are alkyl groups or alkoxy groups which may have a substituent. In other words, the number of hydrogen atoms in R d1 to R d3 is 0 or 1 (preferably 0). When R d1 to R d3 are an alkyl group or an alkoxy group, the number of carbon atoms is not limited, but usually, the number of carbon atoms is 1 to 10, particularly preferably 1 to 7 carbon atoms, and more preferably 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
• an alkyl group or an alkoxy group may be an alkyl group or an alkoxy group, but an alkoxy group is preferable.
• Such an alkyl group or an alkoxy group may or may not have a substituent, but preferably has a substituent.
• the type of the substituent is not particularly limited and may have any of the above-mentioned substituents, but it is preferable to have at least a halogen atom as the substituent.
• the number of halogen atoms is not limited and may be 1 or more, but usually 1 to 20, particularly 1 to 16, and further 1 to 12, In particular, it is preferably 1 to 8.
• halogen atom is not limited, but is usually preferably selected from fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine, particularly preferably fluorine, chlorine, or bromine, and further selected from fluorine or chlorine. Is preferable.
• the number of halogen atoms is 2 or more, they may be the same or different from each other. That is, R d1 to R d3 are preferably haloalkoxy groups, but are not limited thereto.
• R d4 and R d5 each independently represent an alkyl group, an aryl group, an alkylaryl group, or an arylalkyl group which may have a hydrogen atom or a substituent. However, at least one of R d4 and R d5 is an alkyl group, an aryl group, an alkylaryl group, or an arylalkyl group which may have a substituent. In other words, there are 0 or 1 hydrogen atoms in R d4 and R d5.
• R d4 and R d5 are an alkyl group, an aryl group, an alkylaryl group, or an arylalkyl group
• the number of carbon atoms is not limited, but in the case of an alkyl group, the number of carbon atoms is usually 1 to 10, especially 1 to 7 carbon atoms. Further, it is preferably 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and in the case of an aryl group, it is usually preferably 6 to 12 carbon atoms, particularly preferably 6 to 10 carbon atoms, and in the case of an alkylaryl group or an arylalkyl group, it is usually The number of carbon atoms is 7 to 20, particularly preferably 7 to 16 carbon atoms, and more preferably 7 to 13 carbon atoms.
• the number of the alkylaryl group or the number of alkyl groups and aryl groups constituting the arylalkyl group may be one or two or more, respectively.
• an alkylaryl group or an arylalkyl group contains two or more alkyl and / or aryl groups, they may be the same or different from each other.
• Such an alkyl group, an aryl group, an alkylaryl group, or an arylalkyl group may or may not have a substituent.
• the type of the substituent is not particularly limited and may have any of the above-mentioned substituents, but it is preferable to have at least a halogen atom and / or an alkoxy group as the substituent.
• the number of halogen atoms is not limited and may be 1 or more, but usually 1 to 20, especially 1 It is preferably to 16, and more preferably 1 to 12, especially 1 to 8.
• the type of halogen atom is not limited, but is usually preferably selected from fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine, particularly preferably fluorine, chlorine, or bromine, and further selected from fluorine or chlorine. Is preferable.
• the number of halogen atoms is 2 or more, they may be the same or different from each other.
• the number of alkoxy groups is not limited and may be 1 or more, but usually 1 to 10, especially 1 It is preferably ⁇ 5, and more preferably 1-3.
• the type of the alkoxy group is not limited, but usually an alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, particularly 1 to 7 and even 1 to 4 carbon atoms is preferable.
• the number of alkoxy groups is 2 or more, they may be the same or different from each other.
• aminosilane compound of the formula (D) are not limited to these, but various aminosilane compounds used as catalysts in Example groups F and G described later, specifically, are shown in the following table. Aminosilane compounds can be mentioned.
• any one of them may be used alone, or two or more of them may be used in any combination and ratio.
• the amount of the aminosilane catalyst used is not particularly limited as long as it can induce an amidation reaction between a desired carboxyl group and an amino group through the implementation of the production method of the present invention.
• the amount of each substrate compound used is 100 mol%, it is usually 0.1 mol% or more, for example 0.2 mol% or more, or 0.3 mol% or more, and usually 30 mol% or less, for example 20 mol% or less, or 15 mol. It is preferable to use an aminosilane catalyst of% or less.
• the total amount of the two or more types of aminosilane catalysts may satisfy the above range.
• Lewis acid catalyst In the production method of the present invention, in addition to the above-mentioned substrate compound and silane compound (A) and / or (B) (reactant of the present invention), and optionally a second silane compound and / or aminosilane catalyst, A Lewis acid catalyst may be used.
• a Lewis acid catalyst By carrying out the reaction in which a Lewis acid catalyst coexists in the reaction system, various advantages such as improvement in reaction yield and improvement in stereoselectivity may be obtained.
• a Lewis acid catalyst it may be necessary to separate and remove the Lewis acid catalyst from the reaction product. Therefore, it is preferable to appropriately determine whether to use the Lewis acid catalyst in consideration of the purpose of using the production method of the present invention and the like.
• a Lewis acid catalyst When a Lewis acid catalyst is used in the production method of the present invention, the type thereof is not limited, but it is preferably a metal compound that functions as a Lewis acid.
• metal element constituting the metal compound examples include various metals belonging to the 2nd to 15th groups of the Periodic Table of the Elements.
• metal elements include boron, magnesium, aluminum, gallium, indium, silicon, calcium, lead, bismuth, mercury, transition metals, lanthanoi-based elements and the like.
• transition metals include scandium, titanium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, yttrium, zirconium, niobium, molybdenum, technetium, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, tin, silver, and cadmium.
• Examples include hafnium, tantalum, tungsten, ruthenium, osmium, iridium, platinum, gold and talium.
• Specific examples of lanthanum-based elements include lanthanum, cerium, neodymium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium and the like.
• titanium, zirconium, hafnium, tantalum, niobium, boron, vanadium, tungsten, neodymium, iron, lead, and cobalt are exhibited from the viewpoint of producing an amide compound with excellent reaction promoting effect and highly stereoselectively.
• metal element contained in the metal compound may be one or two or more. When the metal compound contains two or more metal elements, they may be the same type of element or two or more different metal elements.
• the ligand constituting the metal compound is appropriately selected according to the type of metal.
• Specific examples of the ligand include a linear or branched chain having 1 to 10 substituted or unsubstituted carbon atoms such as a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, a propoxy group, a butoxy group, a trifluoroethoxy group and a trichloroethoxy group.
• Alike alkoxy group such as fluorine atom, chlorine atom, bromine atom, iodine atom; allyloxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms; acetylacetonate group (acac), acetoxy group (AcO), trifluoromethanesulfonate group ( TfO); a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms substituted or unsubstituted; a phenyl group, an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, a group-SR (where R is a substituent and a substituent).
• halogen atom such as fluorine atom, chlorine atom, bromine atom, iodine atom
• allyloxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms acetylacetonate group (acac), acetoxy group (AcO), trifluoromethanesulfonate group ( TfO); a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to
• Examples of the above include a hydrocarbon group having a substituted or unsubstituted carbon number of about 1 to 20) and a group-NRR'(where R and R'are independently hydrogen atoms or substituents, respectively.
• Examples of the substituent include a hydrocarbon group having a substituted or unsubstituted carbon number of about 1 to 20), a cyclopentadienyl (Cp) group and the like.
• a titanium compound a zirconium compound, a hafnium compound, a tantalum compound, or a niobium compound is preferable. Specific examples of each will be given below.
• TiX 1 4 Specific examples of the titanium compound, TiX 1 4 (provided that four of X 1 are each independently, .4 one X 1 is exemplified ligands in the may be the same ligand, different from each other A titanium compound represented by) may be mentioned.
• X 1 is an alkoxy group, it is preferably a straight-chain or branched-chain alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, particularly a straight-chain or branched-chain alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and further having 1 carbon atom. Examples thereof include up to 4 linear or branched alkoxy groups.
• X 1 is an allyloxy group, preferably, an allyloxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, particularly an allyloxy group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, an allyloxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and the like can be mentioned. These ligands may also have substituents. When X 1 is a halogen atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom and the like are preferable.
• zirconium compound ZrX 2 4 (provided that the four X 2 each independently .4 one X 2 is exemplified ligands in the may be the same ligand, different from each other A zirconium compound represented by) may be mentioned.
• X 2 is an alkoxy group, it is preferably a straight-chain or branched-chain alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, particularly a straight-chain or branched-chain alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and further having 1 carbon atom. Examples thereof include up to 4 linear or branched alkoxy groups.
• X 2 is an allyloxy group
• an allyloxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms particularly an allyloxy group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, an allyloxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and the like can be mentioned.
• These ligands may also have substituents.
• X 2 is a halogen atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom and the like are preferable.
• hafnium compounds HFX 3 4 (provided that the four X 3 are each independently, .4 one X 3 is exemplified ligands in the may be the same ligand, different from each other A hafnium compound represented by) may be mentioned.
• X 3 is an alkoxy group, it is preferably a straight-chain or branched-chain alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, particularly a straight-chain or branched-chain alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and further having 1 carbon atom. Examples thereof include up to 4 linear or branched alkoxy groups.
• X 3 is an allyloxy group, preferably, an allyloxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, particularly an allyloxy group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, an allyloxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and the like can be mentioned. These ligands may also have substituents.
• X 3 is a halogen atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom and the like are preferable. Among these, for example, HfCp 2 Cl 2 , HfCpCl 3 , HfCl 4, and the like are preferable.
• tantalum compounds TaX 4 5 (provided that the five X 4, each independently, a .5 one X 4 is exemplified ligands in may be the same ligand, different from each other A tantalum compound represented by) may be mentioned.
• X 4 is an alkoxy group, it is preferably a straight-chain or branched-chain alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, particularly a straight-chain or branched-chain alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and further having 1 carbon atom. Examples thereof include the linear or branched alkoxy groups of to 3.
• X 4 is an allyloxy group, preferably, an allyloxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, particularly an allyloxy group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, an allyloxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and the like can be mentioned. These ligands may also have substituents.
• X 4 is a halogen atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom and the like are preferable. Among these, it is preferable that the tantalum alkoxide compound (e.g.
• X 4 are compounds of the alkoxy group), and the like, for example, Ta (OMe) 5, Ta ( OEt) 5, Ta (OBu) 5, Ta (NMe 2) 5, Ta (acac) (OEt) 4 , TaCl 5 , TaCl 4 (THF), TaBr 5 and the like are preferable.
• a compound in which X 4 is oxygen that is, Ta 2 O 5, can also be used.
• niobium compound NBX 5 5 (provided that the five X 5, independently, the .5 one X 5 is exemplified ligands in may be the same ligand, different from each other A niobium compound represented by) may be mentioned.
• X 5 is an alkoxy group, it is preferably a straight-chain or branched-chain alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, particularly a straight-chain or branched-chain alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and further having 1 carbon atom. Examples thereof include the linear or branched alkoxy groups of to 3.
• X 5 is an allyloxy group
• an allyloxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms particularly an allyloxy group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, an allyloxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and the like can be mentioned.
• These ligands may also have substituents.
• X 5 is a halogen atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom and the like are preferable.
• the niobium alkoxide compound e.g. X 5 is an alkoxy compound of group
• NbCl 5 , Nb (OMe) 5, Nb (OEt) 5 and the like are preferable.
• a compound in which X 5 is oxygen, that is, Nb 2 O 5, can also be used.
• the metal compound preferable as the Lewis acid catalyst in the production method of the present invention also differs depending on the type of substrate compound.
• the Lewis acid catalyst is a tantalum compound or niobium.
• Compounds are preferred.
• any one type of Lewis acid catalyst may be used alone, or two or more types of Lewis acid catalysts may be used in combination in any combination.
• the amount of the Lewis acid catalyst used is not particularly limited as long as it can induce an amidation reaction between a desired carboxyl group and an amino group through the implementation of the production method of the present invention.
• the amount of each substrate compound used is 100 mol%, it is usually 0.1 mol% or more, for example 0.2 mol% or more, or 0.3 mol% or more, and usually 30 mol% or less, for example 20 mol% or less, or 15 mol.
• a Lewis acid catalyst of% or less can be used.
• the Lewis acid catalyst may be supported on a carrier.
• the carrier that carries the Lewis acid catalyst is not particularly limited, and known carriers can be used. Further, a known method can be adopted as a method for supporting the Lewis acid catalyst on the carrier.
• ⁇ Phosphorus compound In the production method of the present invention, the above-mentioned substrate compound and silane compound (A) and / or (B) (reactant of the present invention), and a second silane compound and / or aminosilane catalyst and / or Lewis optionally used. In addition to the acid catalyst, phosphorus compounds may be used. By carrying out the reaction in which a phosphorus compound coexists in the reaction system, various advantages such as improvement in reaction yield and improvement in stereoselectivity may be obtained.
• a phosphorus compound is used in the production method of the present invention, the type thereof is not limited, but it is preferably a trivalent phosphorus compound, more preferably a phosphine compound or a phosphate compound.
• R is an aliphatic or aromatic compound which may independently have 1 or 2 or more substituents, respectively). It represents a group hydrocarbon group or a heterocyclic group. It is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms. As a substituent, each of them has 1 to 10 carbon atoms independently. It is an alkyl group or an alkoxy group of 5, or a halogen atom).
• phosphine compounds include trimethylphosphine, triethylphosphine, tripropylphosphine, trimethyloxyphosphine, triethyloxyphosphine, tripropyroxyphosphine, triphenylphosphine, trinaphthylphosphine, triphenyloxyphosphine and the like, and Compounds in which these compounds are substituted with one or more substituents such as methyl group, methoxy group, fluoro group and the like, such as tris (4-methylphenyl) phosphine, tris (4-methoxyphenyl) phosphine, tris (4).
• the phosphate compounds of the general formula (RO) a compound represented by 3 PO are preferable (Note, R represents each independently one or more of which may have a substituent aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon radical Alternatively, it represents a heterocyclic group. It is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms.
• the substituent is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms independently. Alternatively, it is an alkoxy group or a halogen atom.).
• phosphine compounds include trimethyl phosphate, triethyl phosphate, tripropyl phosphate, trimethyloxy phosphate, triethyloxy phosphate, tripropyroxyphosphate, triphenyl phosphate, trinaphthyl phosphate, triphenyloxy phosphate and the like.
• substituents such as methyl group, methoxy group, fluoro group and the like, such as tris (4-methylphenyl) phosphate, tris (4-methoxyphenyl) phosphate, tris (4).
• a multivalent phosphine compound or a polyvalent phosphate compound in which two or more molecules of these phosphine compounds or phosphate compounds are linked may be used.
• Specific examples of such multivalent phosphine compounds and polyvalent phosphate compounds include 2,2'-bis (diphenylphosphino) -1,1'-binaphthyl (BINAP) and 5,5'-bis (diphenylphosphino). -4,4'-bi-1,3-benzodioxol (SEGPHOS) and the like can be mentioned.
• the amount used is not particularly limited, but when each substrate compound is 100 mol%, the amount of the phosphorus compound is, for example, 0.1 mol% or more, or 20 mol%, for example. Below, it can be in the range of 10 mol% or less.
• a reaction accelerator may coexist during the amidation reaction.
• the reaction accelerator a combination agent of cesium fluoride and imidazole or a derivative thereof, various bases, boron compounds, triethylamine, and various known metal catalysts such as Pd, Rh, Co, Ni, and Mg are used. can do.
• these reaction accelerators are not essential for the amidation reaction, coexistence of these reaction accelerators during the amidation reaction may significantly accelerate the reaction rate.
• These reaction accelerators may be used alone or in combination of two or more in any combination and ratio.
• the amount of imidazole used is not particularly limited, but when each substrate compound is 100 mol%, it is usually 0.1 mol% or more, for example 0.2 mol. % Or more, or 0.3 mol% or more, and usually 30 mol% or less, for example, 20 mol% or less, or 15 mol% or less of imidazole can be used.
• the amount of cesium fluoride used is not particularly limited, but when each substrate compound is 100 mol%, it is usually 0.1 mol% or more, for example 0.2 mol% or more, or 0.3 mol% or more, and usually 30 mol%.
• cesium fluoride of 20 mol% or less or 15 mol% or less can be used.
• the reaction acceleration effect due to the coexistence of imidazole and cesium fluoride is effective in both the reaction using the silane compound (A) and the reaction using the silane compound (B), but the silane compound (A) is particularly effective. It is effective for the reaction used.
• the type of base is not particularly limited, but for example, triethylamine (Et 3 N), diisopropylamine (i-Pr 2 NH), diisopropyl ethylamine (i-Pr 2 EtN), etc. Examples thereof include amines having 1 to 3 linear or branched alkyl groups having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
• the amount of the base used is not particularly limited, but when each substrate compound is 100 mol%, the amount of the base is, for example, 0.1 mol% or more, 5 mol% or more, and for example, 120 mol% or less, or 100 mol% or less. Can be in the range of.
• the type of the boron compound is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms and one such alkyl group.
• examples thereof include mono / di / tri ⁇ (fluoro) alkyl ⁇ borane having 1 to 3 haloalkyl groups substituted with about 20 halogen atoms. Specific examples include, but are not limited to, trispentafluoroborane and the like.
• the amount of the boron compound used is not particularly limited, but when each substrate compound is 100 mol%, the amount of the boron compound is, for example, 0.05 mol% or more, 0.1 mol% or more, or 10 mol% or less, for example. Alternatively, the range may be 3 mol% or less.
• reaction accelerators The mechanism of action of these reaction accelerators is not bound by theory, but is presumed as follows. That is, the silane compounds (A) and / or (B), and the second silane compound optionally used, are activated by the reaction accelerator coexisting in the reaction system, and as a result, the amidation reaction is promoted. there is a possibility.
• the amidation in the production method of the present invention includes the above-mentioned substrate compound and silane compound (A) and / or (B), and a second silane compound, an aminosilane catalyst, a Lewis acid catalyst, a phosphorus compound, and / or optionally used.
• a second silane compound an aminosilane catalyst, a Lewis acid catalyst, a phosphorus compound, and / or optionally used.
• other components may be brought into contact with each other.
• the contact order is not particularly limited, and all of them may be mixed at the same time, or may be mixed sequentially in any order. Specific examples include, but are not limited to, the following procedures.
• the contact order is not particularly limited, but the above-mentioned substrate compound and silane compound (A) and / or (B), and a second silane optionally used. It is preferable to mix the compound, the aminosilane catalyst, the Lewis acid catalyst, the phosphorus compound, and / or other components at the same time from the viewpoint of reaction efficiency.
• a protecting step of introducing a protecting group before the amidation reaction and a deprotection step of removing the protecting group after the amidation reaction are carried out. There is a need to.
• Such a reaction procedure is extremely preferable from the viewpoint of efficiency because it eliminates the need for a protection step of introducing a protecting group before the amidation reaction and a deprotection step of removing the protecting group after the amidation reaction.
• the timing of adding the aminosilane catalyst, the Lewis acid catalyst, the phosphorus compound, and / or other components used arbitrarily is not particularly limited, and may be added at any stage.
• the silane compounds (A) and / or (B) and, optionally, the second silane compound may be added directly into the system, but the compound that is the raw material of the compound may be added in the system.
• the compound may be generated in the system by reacting.
• a silylimidazole compound for example, dimethylsilyl (2-methyl) imidazole
• the corresponding silyl halide for example, silylcroid
• the imidazole compound for example, 2-methylimidazole
• a desired silylimidazole-based compound can be synthesized by adding to and reacting with.
• amidation may be carried out in an organic solvent.
• the organic solvent is not particularly limited, for example, toluene, aromatic hydrocarbons such as xylene, pentane, petroleum ether, 1-methyl-tetrahydrofuran (1-MeTHF), diisopropyl ether (i-Pr 2 O), diethyl ether Examples thereof include ethers such as (Et 2 O) and cyclopentyl methyl ether (CPME), esters such as ethyl acetate (AcOEt), and organic acids such as acetic acid.
• the organic solvent may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
• the concentration of each substrate compound in the reaction system is not particularly limited, but can be 2% by volume to 70% by volume from the viewpoint of increasing the reaction efficiency.
• the above-mentioned substrate compound and silane compound (A) and / or (B), and optionally a second silane compound, an aminosilane catalyst, a Lewis acid catalyst, a phosphorus compound, and / or other components are mixed at the same time.
• the reaction conditions are not limited as long as the reaction proceeds, but are as follows, for example.
• the reaction temperature is not limited as long as the reaction proceeds, but is usually 0 ° C. or higher, particularly 10 ° C. or higher, particularly 20 ° C. or higher, and usually 100 ° C. or lower, particularly 80 ° C. or lower, particularly 60 ° C. or lower. Can be done.
• the production method of the present invention is advantageous in that the amidation reaction proceeds sufficiently even under mild conditions such as 60 ° C. or lower.
• the reaction pressure is not limited as long as the reaction proceeds, and may be carried out under reduced pressure, normal pressure, or pressurized, but usually it can be carried out at normal pressure.
• the reaction atmosphere is not limited as long as the reaction proceeds, but it can be carried out in an atmosphere of an inert gas such as argon or nitrogen.
• the reaction time is also not limited as long as the reaction proceeds, but from the viewpoint of allowing the reaction to proceed sufficiently and efficiently, for example, 10 minutes or more, particularly 20 minutes or more, or 30 minutes or more, and for example, within 80 hours, among others. It can be within 60 hours or within 50 hours. When an aminosilane catalyst is allowed to coexist, such a reaction time can be remarkably reduced.
• the reaction temperature in step (a) is not limited as long as the reaction proceeds, but is usually 0 ° C. or higher, particularly 10 ° C. or higher, particularly 20 ° C. or higher, and usually 100 ° C. or lower, particularly 80 ° C. or lower.
• the temperature can be 60 ° C. or lower.
• the reaction time of step (a) is also not limited as long as the reaction proceeds, but from the viewpoint of allowing the reaction to proceed sufficiently and efficiently, for example, 10 minutes or more, particularly 20 minutes or more, or 30 minutes or more, or, for example, It can be within 10 hours, especially within 5 hours, or within 3 hours.
• an aminosilane catalyst is allowed to coexist in this step, such a reaction time can be remarkably reduced.
• the reaction temperature in step (b) is not limited as long as the reaction proceeds, but is usually 0 ° C. or higher, particularly 10 ° C. or higher, particularly 20 ° C. or higher, and usually 100 ° C. or lower, particularly 80 ° C. or lower. In particular, the temperature can be 60 ° C. or lower.
• reaction time of step (b) is also not limited as long as the reaction proceeds, but from the viewpoint of allowing the reaction to proceed sufficiently and efficiently, for example, 10 minutes or more, particularly 20 minutes or more, or 30 minutes or more, or, for example, It can be within 10 hours, especially within 5 hours, or within 3 hours.
• reaction temperature of step (c) is not limited as long as the reaction proceeds, but is usually 0 ° C. or higher, particularly 10 ° C. or higher, particularly 20 ° C. or higher, and usually 100 ° C. or lower, particularly 80 ° C. or lower. In particular, the temperature can be 60 ° C. or lower.
• the reaction time of step (c) is also not limited as long as the reaction proceeds, but from the viewpoint of allowing the reaction to proceed sufficiently and efficiently, for example, 10 minutes or more, particularly 20 minutes or more, or 30 minutes or more, or, for example, It can be within 80 hours, especially within 60 hours, or within 50 hours.
• an aminosilane catalyst is allowed to coexist before this step, such a reaction time can be remarkably reduced.
• reaction pressure and reaction atmosphere of steps (a) to (c) are not limited as long as the reaction proceeds, but are usually carried out under normal pressure and under an atmosphere of an inert gas such as argon or nitrogen. be able to.
• the manufacturing method of the present invention may be carried out by the successive method (batch method) or by the continuous method (flow method). You may. Details of specific procedures for performing the successive method (batch method) and the continuous method (flow method) are known in the art.
• Post-treatment, etc. (refining, recovery, etc.): In the production method of the present invention, various post-treatments may be further applied to the amide compound produced by the amidation reaction.
• the produced amide compound can be isolated and purified according to a conventional method such as column chromatography or recrystallization.
• T 1 is the protecting group PG 1 and / or when T 2 is the protecting group PG 2
• the produced amide compound is optionally isolated and purified, and then after isolation and purification are performed.
• the amino group protected by the PG 1 and / or the carboxyl group protected by the PG 2 can be deprotected.
• the method for deprotecting the amino group protected by PG 1 is not particularly limited, and various methods can be used depending on the type of protecting group PG 1. Examples include deprotection by hydrogenation, deprotection by weak acid, deprotection by fluorine ion, deprotection by one-electron oxidant, deprotection by hydrazine, deprotection by oxygen and the like.
• deprotection by hydrogenation (a) reduction is performed by using a metal catalyst such as palladium, palladium-carbon, palladium hydroxide, palladium-carbon hydroxide, etc. as a reduction catalyst in the presence of hydrogen gas.
• metal catalysts such as palladium, palladium-carbon, palladium hydroxide, palladium-carbon hydroxide, etc., sodium boron hydride, lithium aluminum hydride, lithium boron hydride, diborane, etc. Examples thereof include a method of reducing and deprotecting using a hydrogenation reducing agent.
• the method for deprotecting the carboxyl group protected by PG 2 is not particularly limited, and various methods can be used depending on the type of protecting group PG 2. Examples include deprotection by hydrogenation, deprotection by base, deprotection by weak acid and the like. In the case of deprotection with a base, examples thereof include a method of deprotecting with a strong base such as lithium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, and potassium hydroxide.
• the obtained amide compound (after deprotection as necessary) is newly used as a substrate compound for the production method of the present invention, and other compounds are used. Can be linked with an amide bond.
• the terminal carboxyl group or amino group of the peptide obtained by the amidation reaction by the production method of the present invention and the terminal amino group or carboxyl group of other amino acids or peptides are used in the present invention.
• a new peptide can be produced by linking by an amidation reaction according to the production method.
• another amino acid can be bound to the obtained peptide by using another method.
• other methods include the method described in International Publication No. 2018/199147 (Patent Document 3 above) by the present inventor and the like.
• the method described in WO 2018/199147 is between the carboxyl group of the first amino acid or peptide and the amino group of the second amino acid in the presence of a metal catalyst such as a particular tantalum compound or niobium compound. It is a method of forming an amide bond in an amino acid.
• the carboxyl-protecting group PG 2 of the compound (3-2) is previously used as a specific tantalum compound used in the method described in International Publication No. 2018/199147.
• a protective group capable of reacting in the presence of a metal catalyst such as a niobium compound is used, compound (3-3) is produced by the production method of the present invention, and then the method described in International Publication No. 2018/199147 is described. It may be used to react this compound (3-3) with another amino acid and ligate it by amidation.
• the amide compound was produced by the production method of the present invention according to the method described in each of the following Examples.
• the diastereomer ratio or the enantiomer ratio is determined by 1 1 H-NMR analysis (measuring equipment: JEOL 400SS manufactured by JEOL Ltd., measuring conditions: 400 MHz, solvent: CDCl 3 ). did.
• a stirrer (samarium-cobalt), a reflux condenser, and a vacuum adapter were attached to a two-necked round-bottom flask heated and dried in an argon box.
• the flask was evacuated and refilled with nitrogen (N 2 ) gas three times, followed by the addition of dry dichloromethane (16 mL) and trichlorosilane (HSICl 3 , 5.4 g, 40 mmol) and cooled to 0 ° C. in an ice bath.
• R represents a halogen-substituted alkyloxy group.
• Example Group A Amidation reaction between a carboxylic acid compound and an amino compound using a silane compound (A)]
• reaction mixture was diluted with CHCl 3 (3.0 mL), transferred to a silica gel column with a pipette, and the used vials and pipettes were washed with CHCl 3 (5.0 mL).
• the resulting reaction was purified by flash column chromatography with 0-40% AcOEt in hexanes to give N- (4-methoxybenzyl) propionamide as a white solid. The yield was 93%.
• Example a1 N-benzyl-N-methylpropionamide was made into a white solid by the same procedure except that N-methylbenzylamine (0.75 mmol, 1.5 equivalents) was used instead of 4-methoxybenzylamine. Obtained as. The yield was 91%.
• Example Group B Intramolecular amidation reaction of aminocarboxylic acid compound using silane compound (A)]
• reaction mixture was diluted with CHCl 3 (3.0 mL), transferred to a silica gel column with a pipette, and used vials and pipettes were washed with CHCl 3 (5.0 mL).
• the resulting reaction was purified by flash column chromatography using 0-40% AcOEt in hexanes to give (S) -tert-butyl (2-oxoazepan-3-yl) carbamate as a white solid. It was. The yield was 95%.
• Example Group C Amidation reaction of two amino acid compounds using a silane compound (A) (without protecting group)]
• N-tert-butyldimethylsilyl-N-methyltrifluoroacetamide (MTBSTFA, 120.7 mg, 0.5 mmol) was added over the septum using a microsyringe, and the cap was closed with the screw cap. , Stirred vigorously for 1 hour at room temperature. Remove the screw cap again, add L-alanine-tert-butyl ester (HL-Ala-Ot-Bu, 36.3 mg, 0.25 mmol) over the septum using a microsyringe, and plug with the screw cap. After that, the mixture was vigorously stirred for 21 hours in an oil bath warmed to 30 ° C.
• MTBSTFA N-tert-butyldimethylsilyl-N-methyltrifluoroacetamide
• the reaction product was diluted with a 1% methanol / chloroform mixed solution (3.0 mL), and a silica gel column (1) prepared in advance using a Pasteur pipette was used. % Methanol / chloroform mixed solution). This operation was repeated three more times, and the screw cap, septum, and Pasteur pipette used were washed with the same mixture.
• the reaction was purified by silica gel column chromatography (1-5% methanol / chloroform mixture) and the desired dipeptide (HL-Phe-L-Ala-Ot-Bu, 69.2 mg, 95%,> 99. 1dr) was obtained as a white solid.
• N-tert-butyldimethylsilyl-N-methyltrifluoroacetamide (MTBSTFA, 60.3 mg, 0.25 mmol) was added over the septum using a microsyringe, and the cap was closed with the screw cap. , Stirred vigorously for 1 hour at room temperature. Remove the screw cap again, add L-alanine-tert-butyl ester (HL-Ala-Ot-Bu, 72.6 mg, 0.5 mmol) from above the septum using a microsyringe, and plug with the screw cap. After that, the mixture was vigorously stirred for 21 hours in an oil bath warmed to 30 ° C.
• MTBSTFA N-tert-butyldimethylsilyl-N-methyltrifluoroacetamide
• the reaction product was diluted with a 1% methanol / chloroform mixed solution (3.0 mL), and a silica gel column (1) prepared in advance using a Pasteur pipette was used. % Methanol / chloroform mixed solution). This operation was repeated three more times, and the screw cap, septum, and Pasteur pipette used were washed with the same mixture.
• the reaction was purified by silica gel column chromatography (1-5% methanol / chloroform mixture) and the desired dipeptide (HL-Phe-L-Ala-Ot-Bu, 72.7 mg, 99%,> 99. 1dr) was obtained as a white solid.
• N-tert-butyldimethylsilyl-N-methyltrifluoroacetamide (MTBSTFA, 120.7 mg, 0.5 mmol) was added over the septum using a microsyringe, and the cap was closed with the screw cap. , Stirred vigorously for 1 hour at room temperature. The screw cap is removed again, and L-serine-tert-butyl ester (HL-Ser (t-Bu) -Ot-Bu, 54.3 mg, 0.25 mmol) is added over the septum using a microsyringe. After plugging with a screw cap, the mixture was vigorously stirred for 21 hours in an oil bath warmed to 30 ° C.
• MTBSTFA N-tert-butyldimethylsilyl-N-methyltrifluoroacetamide
• the reaction product was diluted with a 1% methanol / chloroform mixed solution (3.0 mL), and a silica gel column (1) prepared in advance using a Pasteur pipette was used. % Methanol / chloroform mixed solution). This operation was repeated three more times, and the screw cap, septum, and Pasteur pipette used were washed with the same mixture.
• the reaction was purified by silica gel column chromatography (1-5% methanol / chloroform mixture) to obtain the desired dipeptide (HL-Phe-L-Ser (t-Bu) -Ot-Bu, 73.6 mg, 81%,> 99: 1 dr) was obtained as a colorless gum compound.
• N-tert-butyldimethylsilyl-N-methyltrifluoroacetamide (MTBSTFA, 120.7 mg, 0.5 mmol) was added over the septum using a microsyringe, and the cap was closed with the screw cap. , Stirred vigorously for 1 hour at room temperature. Remove the screw cap again, add L-valine-tert-butyl ester (HL-Val-Ot-Bu, 43.3 mg, 0.25 mmol) over the septum using a microsyringer, and plug with the screw cap. After that, the mixture was vigorously stirred for 21 hours in an oil bath warmed to 30 ° C.
• MTBSTFA N-tert-butyldimethylsilyl-N-methyltrifluoroacetamide
• the reaction product was diluted with a 1% methanol / chloroform mixed solution (3.0 mL), and a silica gel column (1) prepared in advance using a Pasteur pipette was used. % Methanol / chloroform mixed solution). This operation was repeated three more times, and the screw cap, septum, and Pasteur pipette used were washed with the same mixture.
• the reaction was purified by silica gel column chromatography (1-5% methanol / chloroform mixture) and the desired dipeptide (HL-Phe-L-Val-Ot-Bu, 28.0 mg, 35%,> 99. 1dr) was obtained as a colorless gum-like compound.
• N-tert-butyldimethylsilyl-N-methyltrifluoroacetamide (MTBSTFA, 60.3 mg, 0.25 mmol) was added over the septum using a microsyringe, and the cap was closed with the screw cap. , Stirred vigorously for 1 hour at room temperature. Remove the screw cap again, add L-valine-tert-butyl ester (HL-Val-Ot-Bu, 86.6 mg, 0.5 mmol) from above the septum using a microsyringer, and plug with the screw cap. After that, the mixture was vigorously stirred for 21 hours in an oil bath warmed to 30 ° C.
• MTBSTFA N-tert-butyldimethylsilyl-N-methyltrifluoroacetamide
• the reaction product was diluted with a 1% methanol / chloroform mixed solution (3.0 mL), and a silica gel column (1) prepared in advance using a Pasteur pipette was used. % Methanol / chloroform mixed solution). This operation was repeated three more times, and the screw cap, septum, and Pasteur pipette used were washed with the same mixture.
• the reaction was purified by silica gel column chromatography (1-5% methanol / chloroform mixture) and the desired dipeptide (HL-Phe-L-Val-Ot-Bu, 69.3 mg, 87%,> 99. 1dr) was obtained as a colorless gum-like compound.
• N-tert-butyldimethylsilyl-N-methyltrifluoroacetamide (MTBSTFA, 120.7 mg, 0.5 mmol) was added over the septum using a microsyringe, and the cap was closed with the screw cap. , Stirred vigorously for 1 hour at room temperature. Remove the screw cap again, add L-alanine-tert-butyl ester (HL-Ala-Ot-Bu, 36.3 mg, 0.25 mmol) over the septum using a microsyringe, and plug with the screw cap. After that, the mixture was vigorously stirred for 21 hours in an oil bath warmed to 30 ° C.
• MTBSTFA N-tert-butyldimethylsilyl-N-methyltrifluoroacetamide
• the reaction product was diluted with a 1% methanol / chloroform mixed solution (3.0 mL), and a silica gel column (1) prepared in advance using a Pasteur pipette was used. % Methanol / chloroform mixed solution). This operation was repeated three more times, and the screw cap, septum, and Pasteur pipette used were washed with the same mixture.
• the reaction was purified by silica gel column chromatography (5-30% methanol / chloroform mixture) and the desired dipeptide (HL-Ala-L-Ala-Ot-Bu, 30.0 mg, 55%,> 99. 1dr) was obtained as a colorless gum-like compound.
• N-tert-butyldimethylsilyl-N-methyltrifluoroacetamide (MTBSTFA, 60.3 mg, 0.25 mmol) was added over the septum using a microsyringe, and the cap was closed with the screw cap. , Stirred vigorously for 1 hour at room temperature. Remove the screw cap again, add L-alanine-tert-butyl ester (HL-Ala-Ot-Bu, 54.5 mg, 0.375 mmol) over the septum using a microsyringe, and plug with the screw cap. After that, the mixture was vigorously stirred for 21 hours in an oil bath warmed to 30 ° C.
• MTBSTFA N-tert-butyldimethylsilyl-N-methyltrifluoroacetamide
• the reaction product was diluted with a 1% methanol / chloroform mixed solution (3.0 mL), and a silica gel column (1) prepared in advance using a Pasteur pipette was used. % Methanol / chloroform mixed solution). This operation was repeated three more times, and the screw cap, septum, and Pasteur pipette used were washed with the same mixture.
• the reaction was purified by silica gel column chromatography (5-30% methanol / chloroform mixture) and the desired dipeptide (HL-Ala-L-Ala-Ot-Bu, 42.1 mg, 78%,> 99. 1dr) was obtained as a colorless gum-like compound.
• N-tert-butyldimethylsilyl-N-methyltrifluoroacetamide (MTBSTFA, 120.7 mg, 0.5 mmol) was added over the septum using a microsyringe, and the cap was closed with the screw cap. , Stirred vigorously for 1 hour at room temperature. Remove the screw cap again, add L-alanine-tert-butyl ester (HL-Ala-Ot-Bu, 36.3 mg, 0.25 mmol) over the septum using a microsyringe, and plug with the screw cap. After that, the mixture was vigorously stirred for 21 hours in an oil bath warmed to 30 ° C.
• MTBSTFA N-tert-butyldimethylsilyl-N-methyltrifluoroacetamide
• the reaction product was diluted with a 1% methanol / chloroform mixed solution (3.0 mL), and a silica gel column (1) prepared in advance using a Pasteur pipette was used. % Methanol / chloroform mixed solution). This operation was repeated three more times, and the screw cap, septum, and Pasteur pipette used were washed with the same mixture.
• the reaction was purified by silica gel column chromatography (1-10% methanol / chloroform mixture) and the desired dipeptide (HL-Ile-L-Ala-Ot-Bu, 23.0 mg, 36%,> 99. 1dr) was obtained as a colorless gum-like compound.
• N-tert-butyldimethylsilyl-N-methyltrifluoroacetamide (MTBSTFA, 120.7 mg, 0.5 mmol) was added over the septum using a microsyringe, and the cap was closed with the screw cap. , Stir vigorously for 2 hours in an oil bath warmed to 50 ° C. Remove the screw cap again, add L-alanine-tert-butyl ester (HL-Ala-Ot-Bu, 36.3 mg, 0.25 mmol) over the septum using a microsyringe, and plug with the screw cap. After that, the mixture was vigorously stirred at room temperature for 21 hours.
• MTBSTFA N-tert-butyldimethylsilyl-N-methyltrifluoroacetamide
• the reaction product was diluted with a 1% methanol / chloroform mixed solution (3.0 mL), and a silica gel column (1) prepared in advance using a Pasteur pipette was used. % Methanol / chloroform mixed solution). This operation was repeated three more times, and the screw cap, septum, and Pasteur pipette used were washed with the same mixture.
• the reaction was purified by silica gel column chromatography (1-5% methanol / chloroform mixture) and the desired dipeptide (HL-Phe-L-Ala-Ot-Bu, 26.2 mg, 36%,> 99. 1dr) was obtained as a white solid.
• Example Group D Amidation reaction of two amino acid compounds using silane compound (A) (with protecting group)]
• R aa 1 represents the side chain of the first amino acid AA 1
• R aa 2 represents the side chain of the second amino acid AA 2
• PG aa represents the side chain of the first amino acid AA 1 .
• Boc-L-Ala as the first amino acid AA 1 and L-Ala-OtBu as the second amino acid AA 2
• Boc-Gly as the first amino acid AA 1 and L-Ala-OtBu as the second amino acid AA 2
• the title compound Boc-Gly-L-Ala-OtBu was isolated as a colorless liquid according to the above general synthesis procedure. .. The yield was 99% and the diathleteomer ratio was er> 99: 1.
• Boc-L-Val as the first amino acid AA 1 and L-Ala-OtBu as the second amino acid AA 2
• Boc-L-Ile as the first amino acid AA 1 and L-Ala-OtBu as the second amino acid AA 2
• Boc-L-Leu as the first amino acid AA 1 and L-Ala-OtBu as the second amino acid AA 2
• Boc-L-Phe as the first amino acid AA 1 and L-Ala-OtBu as the second amino acid AA 2
• Boc-L-Tyr ( t Bu) as the first amino acid AA 1 and L-Ala-OtBu as the second amino acid AA 2
• the title compound Boc-L-Tyr ( t Bu)- L-Ala-OtBu was isolated as a white solid.
• the yield was 93% and the diathleteomer ratio was dr> 99: 1.
• R f 0.65 (40% AcOEt in hexanes).
• Example d9 Synthesis of Boc-L-Ser ( t Bu) -L-Ala-OtBu Using Boc-L-Ser ( t Bu) as the first amino acid AA 1 and L-Ala-OtBu as the second amino acid AA 2 , the title compound Boc-L-Ser ( t Bu)-followed the general synthetic procedure.
• L-Ala-OtBu was isolated as a white solid. The yield was 99% and the diathleteomer ratio was dr> 99: 1.
• R f 0.66 (40% AcOEt in hexanes).
• Boc-L-Thr ( t Bu) as the first amino acid AA 1 and L-Ala-OtBu as the second amino acid AA 2
• the title compound Boc-L-Thr ( t Bu)- L-Ala-OtBu was isolated as a white solid.
• the yield was 88% and the diathleteomer ratio was dr> 99: 1.
• R f 0.58 (40% AcOEt in hexanes).
• Boc-L-Cys (Bzl) as the first amino acid AA 1 and L-Ala-OtBu as the second amino acid AA 2
• the title compound Boc-L-Cys (Bzl) -L- Ala-OtBu was isolated as a white solid.
• the yield was 92% and the diathleteomer ratio was dr> 99: 1.
• R f 0.64 (40% AcOEt in hexanes).
• Boc-L-Met as the first amino acid AA 1 and L-Ala-OtBu as the second amino acid AA 2
• Boc-L-Glu ( t Bu) as the first amino acid AA 1 and L-Ala-OtBu as the second amino acid AA 2
• Boc-L-Glu ( t Bu) followed the general synthetic procedure.
• L-Ala-OtBu was isolated as a white solid. The yield was 96% and the diathleteomer ratio was dr> 99: 1.
• R f 0.40 (40% AcOEt in hexanes).
• Boc-L-Asn (trt) as the first amino acid AA 1 and L-Ala-OtBu as the second amino acid AA 2
• the title compound Boc-L-Asn (trt) -L- Ala-OtBu was isolated as a white solid.
• the yield was 74% and the diathleteomer ratio was dr> 99: 1.
• R f 0.55 (40% AcOEt in hexanes).
• Boc-L-Gln (trt) as the first amino acid AA 1 and L-Ala-OtBu as the second amino acid AA 2
• the title compound Boc-L-Gln (trt) -L- Ala-OtBu was isolated as a white solid.
• the yield was 77% and the diathleteomer ratio was dr> 99: 1.
• R f 0.23 (40% AcOEt in hexanes).
• Boc-L-Lys (Z) as the first amino acid AA 1 and L-Ala-OtBu as the second amino acid AA 2
• the title compound Boc-L-Lys (Z) -L- Ala-OtBu was isolated as a white solid.
• the yield was 93% and the diathleteomer ratio was dr> 99: 1.
• R f 0.31 (40% AcOEt in hexanes).
• Boc-L-Arg (Z) 2 was isolated as a white solid.
• the yield was 69% and the diathleteomer ratio was dr> 99: 1.
• R f 0.42 (40% AcOEt in hexanes).
• Boc-L-His (Bzl) as the first amino acid AA 1 and L-Ala-OtBu as the second amino acid AA 2
• Boc-L-His (Bzl) -L- Ala-OtBu was isolated as a white solid.
• the yield was 91% and the diathleteomer ratio was dr> 99: 1.
• R f 0.42 (40% AcOEt in hexanes).
• Boc-L-Trp as the first amino acid AA 1 and L-Ala-OtBu as the second amino acid AA 2
• Boc-L-Pro as the first amino acid AA 1 and L-Ala-OtBu as the second amino acid AA 2
• Boc-L-Ala as the first amino acid AA 1 and L-Gly-OtBu as the second amino acid AA 2
• Boc-L-Ala as the first amino acid AA 1 and L-Val-OtBu as the second amino acid AA 2
• Boc-L-Ala as the first amino acid AA 1 and L-Ile-OtBu as the second amino acid AA 2
• Boc-L-Ala as the first amino acid AA 1 and L-Leu-OtBu as the second amino acid AA 2
• Boc-L-Ala as the first amino acid AA 1 and L-Phg-OtBu as the second amino acid AA 2
• Boc-L-Ala as the first amino acid AA 1 and L-Phe-OtBu as the second amino acid AA 2
• Boc-L-Ala as the first amino acid AA 1 and L-Tyr ( t Bu) -OtBu as the second amino acid AA 2
• the title compound Boc-L-Ala-L-Tyr ( the t Bu) -OtBu was isolated as a white solid.
• the yield was 94% and the diathleteomer ratio was dr> 99: 1.
• R f 0.48 (40% AcOEt in hexanes).
• Boc-L-Ala as the first amino acid AA 1 and L-Ser ( t Bu) -OtBu as the second amino acid AA 2
• the title compound Boc-L-Ala-L-Ser ( the t Bu) -OtBu was isolated as a white solid.
• the yield was 97% and the diathleteomer ratio was dr> 99: 1.
• R f 0.57 (40% AcOEt in hexanes).
• Boc-L-Ala as the first amino acid AA 1 and L-Thr ( t Bu) -OtBu as the second amino acid AA 2
• Boc-L-Ala-L-Thr ( the t Bu) -OtBu was isolated as a white solid.
• the yield was 95% and the diathleteomer ratio was dr> 99: 1.
• R f 0.63 (40% AcOEt in hexanes).
• Boc-L-Ala as the first amino acid AA 1 and L-Cys (trt) -OtBu as the second amino acid AA 2
• Boc-L-Ala-L-Cys (trt) was used according to the general synthetic procedure.
• -OtBu was isolated as a white solid. The yield was 99% and the diathleteomer ratio was dr> 99: 1.
• R f 0.77 (40% AcOEt in hexanes).
• Boc-L-Ala as the first amino acid AA 1 and L-Met-OtBu as the second amino acid AA 2
• Boc-L-Ala as the first amino acid AA 1 and L-Asp ( t Bu) -OtBu as the second amino acid AA 2
• the title compound Boc-L-Ala-L-Asp ( the t Bu) -OtBu was isolated as a white solid.
• the yield was 96% and the diathleteomer ratio was dr> 99: 1.
• R f 0.75 (40% AcOEt in hexanes).
• Boc-L-Ala as the first amino acid AA 1 and L-Glu ( t Bu) -OtBu as the second amino acid AA 2
• the title compound Boc-L-Ala-L-Glu ( the t Bu) -OtBu was isolated as a white solid.
• the yield was 99% and the diathleteomer ratio was dr> 99: 1.
• R f 0.67 (40% AcOEt in hexanes).
• Boc-L-Ala as the first amino acid AA 1 and L-Asn-OtBu as the second amino acid AA 2
• Boc-L-Ala as the first amino acid AA 1 and L-Lys (Z) -OtBu as the second amino acid AA 2
• Boc-L-Ala-L-Lys (Z) was used according to the general synthetic procedure.
• -OtBu was isolated as a white solid. The yield was 96% and the diathleteomer ratio was dr> 99: 1.
• R f 0.72 (70% AcOEt in hexanes).
• the reaction mixture was diluted with CHCl 3 (3.0 mL), transferred to a silica gel column with a pipette, and the used vials and pipettes were washed with CHCl 3 (5.0 mL).
• the title compound Boc-L-Ala-L-Ala-OtBu was obtained by purifying the reaction mixture by flash column chromatography using 10 to 100% AcOEt in hexane or 0 to 10% MeOH in CHCl 3 as an eluent. Obtained.
• Example e1 Synthesis using Si [OCH 2 CF 3 ] 4
• 1 equivalent (0.5 mmol) of L-Ala-OtBu was used, and Tris (1,1,1,3) was used as the silane compound.
• 3,3-Hexafluoroisopropoxy) silane (HSi [OCH (CF 3 ) 2 ] 3 ) was used, and the title compound Boc-L-Ala-L-Ala-OtBu was obtained by the same procedure. .. The yield was 78% and the diathleteomer ratio dr> 99: 1.
• Example e2 Synthesis using HSi [OCH 2 CF 2 CHF 2 ] 3
• 1 equivalent (0.5 mmol) of L-Ala-OtBu was used, and Tris (3,3,2) was used as the silane compound.
• 2-Tetrafluoro n-propoxy) silane (HSi [OCH 2 CF 2 CHF 2 ] 3 ) was used, and the title compound Boc-L-Ala-L-Ala-OtBu was obtained by the same procedure.
• the yield was 53% and the diathleteomer ratio dr> 99: 1.
• Example e3 Synthesis using HSi [OCH 2 CCl 3 ] 3
• 1 equivalent (0.5 mmol) of L-Ala-OtBu was used, and tris (2,2,2-trichloro) was used as the silane compound.
• the title compound Boc-L-Ala-L-Ala-OtBu was obtained by the same procedure except that ethoxy) silane (HSi [OCH 2 CCl 3 ] 3) was used.
• the yield was 53% and the diathleteomer ratio dr> 99: 1.
• Example e4 Synthesis using HSi [OCH 2 CF 3 ] 3
• 2 equivalents (0.5 mmol) of L-Ala-OtBu was used, and Tris (2,2,2-tri) was used as the silane compound.
• the title compound Boc-L-Ala-L-Ala-OtBu was obtained by the same procedure except that fluoroethoxy) silane (HSi [OCH 2 CF 3 ] 3) was used.
• the yield was 53% and the diathleteomer ratio dr> 99: 1.
• Example e5 Synthesis using Si [OCH 2 CF 3 ] 4
• 2 equivalents (0.5 mmol) of L-Ala-OtBu was used, and tetrakis (2,2,2-tri) was used as the silane compound.
• the title compound Boc-L-Ala-L-Ala-OtBu was obtained by the same procedure except that fluoroethoxy) silane (Si [OCH 2 CF 3 ] 4) was used.
• the yield was 66% and the diathleteomer ratio dr> 99: 1.
• Example e6 Synthesis using Si [OCH (CF 3 ) 2 ] 4
• 2 equivalents (0.5 mmol) of L-Ala-OtBu was used, and tetrakis (1,1,1) was used as the silane compound.
• Boc-L-Ala-L-Ala-OtBu was prepared by the same procedure. Obtained. The yield was 85% and the diathleteomer ratio dr> 99: 1.
• Example Group F Amidation reaction using tris (haloalkoxy) aminosilane catalyst using silane compound (A) 1]
• a catalytic solution (0.015 mL, 0.015 mmol) containing the BnNHSi [OCH (CF 3 ) 2 ] 3 in a flame-dried 5.0 mL screw cap vial in a glove box, Boc-L-Ala-OH (94). .6 mg, 0.50 mmol), DCM (0.50 mL), HSi [OCH (CF 3 ) 2 ] 3 (265.1 mg, 0.50 mmol), and L-Ala-OtBu (72.6 mg, 0.50 mmol) The mixture was placed, the vial was sealed and removed from the glove box.
• the resulting mixture was vigorously stirred at room temperature for 6 hours under an argon atmosphere, then the reaction mixture was diluted with CHCl 3 (3.0 mL), pipette transferred to a SiO 2 column and the vials and pipettes used were CHCl 3 (12 mL). ) Was washed.
• the reaction mixture was purified by flash column chromatography (20-100% AcOEt in hexanes) to isolate Boc-L-Ala-L-Ala-OtBu as a colorless liquid. The yield was 99% (156.9 mg) and the diathleteomer ratio was dr> 99: 1.
• the resulting mixture was vigorously stirred at room temperature for 6 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere, then the reaction mixture was diluted with CHCl 3 (3.0 mL), pipette transferred to a SiO 2 column and the vials and pipettes used were CHCl 3 (12 mL). ) Was washed.
• the reaction mixture was purified by flash column chromatography (20-100% AcOEt in hexanes) to give the title compound Boc-L-Ala-L-Ala-OtBu as a colorless liquid. The yield was 98% (155.0 mg) and the diathleteomer ratio was dr> 99: 1.
• Boc-L-Met-OH (124.7 mg, 0.50 mmol) was used instead of Boc-L-Ala-OH, and the mixing conditions of the reaction solution were changed to 12 h at 40 ° C. Obtained Boc-L-Met-L-Ala-OtBu as a colorless liquid by the same procedure. The yield was 94% (176.5 mg) and the diathleteomer ratio was dr> 99: 1.
• Boc-L-Val-OH (108.6 mg, 0.50 mmol) was used instead of Boc-L-Ala-OH, the amount of DCM used was changed to 1.0 mL, and the reaction solution was used.
• Boc-L-Val-L-Ala-OtBu was obtained as a white solid by the same procedure except that the mixing conditions of the above were changed to 12 h at 40 ° C. The yield was 80% (137.1 mg) and the diathleteomer ratio was dr> 99: 1.
• Example f1 In the procedure of Example f1, L-Val-OtBu (86.6 mg, 0.50 mmol) was used instead of L-Ala-OtBu, and the mixture of the reaction solution was changed to 12 h at 40 ° C., but the same procedure was performed. Boc-L-Ala-L-Val-OtBu was obtained as a white solid. The yield was 94% (162.2 mg) and the diathleteomer ratio was dr> 99: 1.
• Example group G Amidation reaction using tris (haloalkoxy) aminosilane catalyst using silane compound (A) 2]
• the resulting mixture was vigorously stirred at room temperature for 6 hours under an argon atmosphere, then the reaction mixture was diluted with CHCl 3 (3.0 mL), pipette transferred to a SiO 2 column and the vials and pipettes used were CHCl 3 (12 mL). ) Was washed.
• the reaction mixture was purified by flash column chromatography (20-100% AcOEt in hexane) to give the target compound Boc-L-Val-L-Val-OtBu.
• the yields and diathleteomer ratios of the target compounds obtained for each of the various aminosilane catalysts used are shown in Tables 1 to 3 below.
• Example Group H Amidation reaction (without protecting group) in combination with silane compound (A) and cesium fluoride and imidazole]
• Example h1 Synthesis of HL-Phe-L-Ala-OtBu (in the coexistence of cesium fluoride and imidazole)
• N-tert-butyldimethylsilyl-N-methyltrifluoroacetamide (MTBSTFA, 120.7 mg, 0.5 mmol) was added over the septum using a microsyringe, and the cap was closed with the screw cap. , Stir vigorously for 1 hour in an oil bath warmed to 30 ° C. Remove the screw cap again, add L-alanine-tert-butyl ester (HL-Ala-Ot-Bu, 145.2 mg, 1.0 mmol) from above the septum using a microsyringe, and plug with the screw cap. After that, the mixture was vigorously stirred for 6 hours in an oil bath warmed to 30 ° C.
• MTBSTFA N-tert-butyldimethylsilyl-N-methyltrifluoroacetamide
• the reaction product was diluted with a 1% methanol / chloroform mixed solution (3.0 mL), and a silica gel column (1) prepared in advance using a Pasteur pipette was used. % Methanol / chloroform mixed solution). This operation was repeated three more times, and the screw cap, septum, and Pasteur pipette used were washed with the same mixture.
• the reaction was purified by silica gel column chromatography (1-5% methanol / chloroform mixture) to give the desired dipeptide (HL-Phe-L-Ala-Ot-Bu, 97%,> 99: 1dr). Obtained as a white solid.
• Example h1 the procedure was the same except that cesium fluoride and imidazole were not used and the heating time under stirring after the addition of HL-Ala-Ot-Bu was changed from 6 hours to 12 hours. Synthesis was performed to give the desired dipeptide (HL-Phe-L-Ala-Ot-Bu, 99%,> 99: 1dr) as a white solid.
• Example h2 Synthesis of HL-Leu-L-Ala-OtBu (in the coexistence of cesium fluoride and imidazole)
• Example h1 L-leucine (HL-Leuc-OH, 1.0 mmol) was used instead of L-phenylalanine, and the same procedure was used for synthesis, and the desired dipeptide (HL-Leu-) was used.
• Example h2 the same procedure was used except that cesium fluoride and imidazole were not used and the heating time under stirring after the addition of HL-Ala-Ot-Bu was changed from 6 hours to 12 hours. Synthesis was performed to give the desired dipeptide (HL-Leu-L-Ala-Ot-Bu, 99%,> 99: 1dr) as a white solid.
• Example h3 Synthesis of HL-Ala-L-Ala-OtBu (in the coexistence of cesium fluoride and imidazole)
• Example h1 L-alanine (HL-Ala-OH, 1.0 mmol) was used instead of L-phenylalanine, and the heating temperature was changed from 30 ° C. to 50 ° C. under stirring for the first 1 hour. , HL-Ala-Ot-Bu was added, and the heating time under stirring was changed from 6 hours to 12 hours. Ala-OtBu, 99%,> 99: 1 dr) was obtained as a white solid.
• Example h4 Synthesis of HL-Met-L-Ala-OtBu (in the coexistence of cesium fluoride and imidazole)
• Example h1 L-methionine (HL-Met-OH, 1.0 mmol) was used instead of L-phenylalanine, and the heating time under stirring after the addition of HL-Ala-Ot-Bu. was changed from 6 hours to 12 hours, and the same procedure was carried out to obtain the desired dipeptide (HL-Met-L-Ala-OtBu, 99%,> 99: 1 dr) as a white solid. ..
• Example Group I Amidation reaction using silane compound (B) (1)
• the amide compound was produced by the production method of the present invention according to the method described in each of the following Examples.
• the diastereomer ratio or the enantiomer ratio is determined by 1 1 H-NMR analysis (measuring equipment: JEOL 400SS manufactured by JEOL Ltd., measuring conditions: 400 MHz, solvent: CDCl 3 ). did.
• Phenylalanine (H-Phe-OH, 0.25 mmol, 41.3 mg) and dimethylsilyldiimidazole (DMSDIM, 0.275 mmol, 52.8 mg) were added to dichloromethane (DCM, 1 mL) in a glove box in a test tube having a content of 12 mL. ), And stirred at room temperature under an argon atmosphere. After 1 hour, Ta (OMe) 5 (12.5 ⁇ mol, 4.2 mg), trimethylsilylimidazole (TMSIM, 0.50 mmol, 73.4 ⁇ L) and alanine tert-butyl ester (0.75 mmol, 108.8 mg) in the glove box.
• Phenylalanine (H-Phe-OH, 0.50 mmol, 82.6 mg) and dimethylsilyldiimidazole (DMSDIM, 0.55 mmol, 105.6 mg) were added to dichloromethane (DCM, 1 mL) in a glove box in a test tube having a content of 12 mL. ), And stirred at room temperature under an argon atmosphere. After 1 hour, 2,2'-bipyridine-6,6'-diol (25 ⁇ mol, 4.7 mg), trimethylsilylimidazole (TMSIM, 0.50 mmol, 73.4 ⁇ L) and alanine tert-butyl ester (H) in the glove box.
• DCM dichloromethane
• TMSIM trimethylsilylimidazole
• H alanine tert-butyl ester
• Phenylalanine H-Phe-OH, 0.50 mmol, 82.6 mg
• dimethylsilyldiimidazole DMSDIM, 0.55 mmol, 105.6 mg
• tert-butyldimethylsilane tBuMe 2 SiH
• DCM dichloromethane
• alanine tert-butyl ester H-Ala-OtBu, 0.25 mmol, 36.3 mg
• Phenylalanine H-Phe-OH, 0.50 mmol, 82.6 mg
• dimethylsilyldiimidazole DMSDIM, 0.55 mmol, 105.6 mg
• tBuMe 2 SiH tert-butyldimethylsilane
• Example j1 Synthesis of L-Phe-L-Ala-OtBu
• L-phenylalanine (L-Phe) was used as the first amino acid AA 1, and the title compound was subjected to the same procedure.
• L-Phe-L-Ala-OtBu was obtained.
• the yield was 95% and the diathleteomer ratio dr> 20: 1.
• Example j2 Synthesis of L-Val-L-Ala-OtBu
• L-valine (L-Val) was used as the first amino acid AA 1 and the reaction temperature was 50 ° C.
• the title compound L-Val-L-Ala-OtBu was obtained by the same procedure.
• the yield was 72% and the diathleteomer ratio dr> 20: 1.
• Example j3 Synthesis of L-Ile-L-Ala-OtBu
• L-isoleucine L-Ile
• AA 1 amino acid AA 1
• reaction temperature 50 ° C.
• the title compound L-Ile-L-Ala-OtBu was obtained by the same procedure.
• the yield was 78% and the diathleteomer ratio dr> 20: 1.
• Example j4 Synthesis of L-Leu-L-Ala-OtBu
• L-leucine L-Leu
• AA 1 amino acid 1
• reaction temperature 50 ° C.
• the title compound L-Leu-L-Ala-OtBu was obtained by the same procedure.
• the yield was 89% and the diathleteomer ratio dr> 20: 1.
• Example j5 Synthesis of L-Met-L-Ala-OtBu
• L-Met L-methionine
• Example j6 Synthesis of Bn-L-Cys-L-Ala-OtBu The same applies except that benzyl-L-cysteine (Bn-L-Cys) was used as the first amino acid AA 1 in the general synthesis procedure.
• the title compound Bn-L-Cys-L-Ala-OtBu was obtained by the procedure of. The yield was 56% and the diathleteomer ratio dr> 20: 1.
• Example j7 in Boc-L-Trp-L- Ala-OtBu synthesis the general synthetic procedures, the amino group of the first side chain as an amino acid AA 1 is protected with a Boc group L- tryptophan (Boc-L -Trp) was used, and the title compound Boc-L-Trp-L-Ala-OtBu was obtained by the same procedure. The yield was 91% and the diathleteomer ratio dr> 20: 1.
• Example j8 In tBuO-L-Tyr-L- Ala-OtBu procedure of synthesis the general synthesis, the first amino acid AA 1 side chain hydroxyl group is protected with t- butyl L- tyrosine (TBuO- The title compound tBuO-L-Tyr-L-Ala-OtBu was obtained by the same procedure except that L-Tyr) was used. The yield was 90% and the diathleteomer ratio dr> 20: 1.
• Example j9 In tBuO-L-Ser-L- Ala-OtBu procedure of synthesis the general synthesis, the first amino acid AA 1 side chain hydroxyl group is protected with t- butyl L- serine (TBuO- The title compound tBuOL-Ser-L-Ala-OtBu was obtained by the same procedure except that L-Se) was used. The yield was 71% and the diathleteomer ratio dr> 20: 1.
• Example j10 In tBuO-L-Thr-L- Ala-OtBu procedure of synthesis the general synthesis, the first amino acid AA 1 side chain hydroxyl group is protected with t- butyl group L- threonine (TBuO- The title compound tBuO-L-Thr-L-Ala-OtBu was obtained by the same procedure except that L-Thr) was used. The yield was 95% and the diathleteomer ratio dr> 20: 1.
• Example j11 In PG-L-Lys-L- Ala-OtBu procedure of synthesis the general synthesis, the amino group of the first side chain as an amino acid AA 1 is protected with a protecting group PG L-lysine (PG-).
• PG-L-Phe-L-Ala-OtBu was obtained by the same procedure except that L-Lys) was used.
• As the protecting group PG a Boc group, a Cbz group, and a Trt group were used.
• Boc-L-Phe-L-Ala-OtBu has a yield of 53% and a diathleteomer ratio dr> 20: 1
• Cbz-L-Phe-L-Ala-OtBu has a yield of 55% and a diathleteomer ratio dr> 20 :. 1.
• the yield of Trt-L-Phe-L-Ala-OtBu was 71%, and the diathleteomer ratio was dr> 20: 1.
• Example j12 In tBuO-L-Glu-L- Ala-OtBu synthesis the general synthetic procedures, the first amino acid AA 1 as the pendent carboxylic acid groups protected L- glutamic acid t- butyl ( The title compound tBuO-L-Glu-L-Ala-OtBu was obtained by the same procedure except that tBuO-L-Glu) was used. The yield was 88% and the diathleteomer ratio dr> 20: 1.
• Example j13 In tBuO-L-Asp-L- Ala-OtBu synthesis the general synthetic procedures, L- aspartic acid carboxylic acid group in the side chain is protected by t- butyl group as the first amino acid AA 1
• the title compound tBuO-L-Asp-L-Ala-OtBu was obtained by the same procedure except that (tBuO-L-Asp) was used. The yield was 90% and the diathleteomer ratio dr> 20: 1.
• Example j14 Synthesis of ⁇ -Ala-L-Ala-OtBu
• ⁇ -alanine ( ⁇ -Ala) was used as the first amino acid AA 1
• the title compound was subjected to the same procedure.
• ⁇ -Ala-L-Ala-OtBu was obtained. The yield was 53%.
• the present invention can be widely used for the synthesis of amide compounds in various industrial fields, and its utility value is high.

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