WO2021085584A1 - 反芻動物のインスリン抵抗性抑制剤 - Google Patents
反芻動物のインスリン抵抗性抑制剤 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021085584A1 WO2021085584A1 PCT/JP2020/040763 JP2020040763W WO2021085584A1 WO 2021085584 A1 WO2021085584 A1 WO 2021085584A1 JP 2020040763 W JP2020040763 W JP 2020040763W WO 2021085584 A1 WO2021085584 A1 WO 2021085584A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- cashew nut
- nut shell
- shell oil
- insulin resistance
- cardanol
- Prior art date
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- WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-tocopherol Natural products CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC1CCC2C(C)C(O)C(C)C(C)C2O1 WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000665 guar gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010417 guar gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960002154 guar gum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940093915 gynecological organic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000003054 hormonal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004054 inflammatory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- CDAISMWEOUEBRE-GPIVLXJGSA-N inositol Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H]1O CDAISMWEOUEBRE-GPIVLXJGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000367 inositol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(3+) phosphate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- NPFOYSMITVOQOS-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(III) citrate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NPFOYSMITVOQOS-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910000399 iron(III) phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008101 lactose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019421 lipase Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010355 mannitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- FFEARJCKVFRZRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methionine Chemical compound CSCCC(N)C(O)=O FFEARJCKVFRZRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930182817 methionine Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000006109 methionine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013379 molasses Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000020824 obesity Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001495 poly(sodium acrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000004767 rumen Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- CDAISMWEOUEBRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N scyllo-inosotol Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C1O CDAISMWEOUEBRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010898 silica gel chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium polyacrylate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C=C NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004455 soybean meal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019154 vitamin C Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011718 vitamin C Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019165 vitamin E Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940046009 vitamin E Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011709 vitamin E Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000230 xanthan gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010493 xanthan gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001285 xanthan gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940082509 xanthan gum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/22—Anacardiaceae (Sumac family), e.g. smoketree, sumac or poison oak
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/111—Aromatic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/10—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for ruminants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/045—Hydroxy compounds, e.g. alcohols; Salts thereof, e.g. alcoholates
- A61K31/05—Phenols
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/60—Salicylic acid; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/08—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
- A61P3/10—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis for hyperglycaemia, e.g. antidiabetics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P5/00—Drugs for disorders of the endocrine system
- A61P5/48—Drugs for disorders of the endocrine system of the pancreatic hormones
- A61P5/50—Drugs for disorders of the endocrine system of the pancreatic hormones for increasing or potentiating the activity of insulin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2300/00—Mixtures or combinations of active ingredients, wherein at least one active ingredient is fully defined in groups A61K31/00 - A61K41/00
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an agent and a feed for suppressing insulin resistance of ruminants, and a method for suppressing insulin resistance using these.
- Insulin resistance is a condition in which the action of insulin is reduced, such as the action of promoting glucose uptake, and can cause diabetes and hyperlipidemia.
- insulin resistance is likely to occur due to changes in energy metabolism and hormonal balance.
- Patent Document 1 The effects of cashew nut shell oil on ruminants include a rumen fermentation improving effect (Patent Document 1), a bloating disease controlling effect (Patent Document 2), a coccidosis controlling effect (Patent Document 3), and an acidosis controlling effect (Patent Document 4).
- Patent Document 2 a rumen fermentation improving effect
- Patent Document 3 a bloating disease controlling effect
- Patent Document 4 an acidosis controlling effect
- An object of the present invention is to provide a material for suppressing insulin resistance of ruminants.
- the present invention is as follows.
- An insulin resistance inhibitor for ruminants which comprises cashew nut shell oil, heat-treated cashew nut shell oil, anacardic acid, cardanol and / or cardol.
- the insulin resistance inhibitor according to any one of (1) to (4) which has an effect of suppressing an insulin resistance index by 30% or more and reducing the concentration of free fatty acids and / or ketone bodies in blood. .. (6)
- a feed for suppressing insulin resistance of ruminants which comprises cashew nut shell oil, heat-treated cashew nut shell oil, anacardic acid, cardanol and / or cardol.
- a method for suppressing insulin resistance which comprises administering cashew nut shell oil, heat-treated cashew nut shell oil, anacardic acid, cardanol and / or cardol to a non-human animal.
- a method for suppressing insulin resistance of ruminants which comprises administering cashew nut shell oil, heat-treated cashew nut shell oil, anacardic acid, cardanol and / or cardol to ruminants.
- (11) The method according to (10), wherein the ruminant is a cow.
- insulin resistance can be suppressed by administering to ruminants an agent or feed containing cashew nut shell oil, heat-treated cashew nut shell oil, anacardic acid, cardanol, and / or cardol.
- an agent or feed containing cashew nut shell oil, heat-treated cashew nut shell oil, anacardic acid, cardanol, and / or cardol can be administered to ruminants an agent or feed containing cashew nut shell oil, heat-treated cashew nut shell oil, anacardic acid, cardanol, and / or cardol.
- the ruminant insulin resistance inhibitor of the present invention is characterized by containing cashew nut shell oil (CNSL), heat-treated cashew nut shell oil, anacardic acid, cardanol and / or cardol.
- CNSL cashew nut shell oil
- suppression of insulin resistance means suppressing falling into a state in which insulin action such as glucose uptake promoting action is reduced.
- Insulin resistance can be evaluated by the following RQUIKI value, and it can be evaluated that the lower this value is, the higher the insulin resistance is. Therefore, it can be said that insulin resistance could be suppressed if the decrease in RQUIKI value could be suppressed by administering CNSL or the like as compared with the non-administration.
- the index of insulin resistance such as the RQUIKI value is preferably suppressed by 30% or more, more preferably 50% or more, by administration of the insulin resistance inhibitor of the present invention, as compared with the case of non-administration.
- Glu, Insulin, and NEFA indicate blood glucose concentration (mg / dL), insulin concentration ( ⁇ U / mL), and free fatty acid concentration (mmol / L), respectively.
- Cashew nut shell oil is an oily liquid contained in the shell of the cashew nut tree (Anacardium occidentale L.).
- Cashew nut shell oil contains anacardic acid, cardanol, and cardol as its components. Anacardic acid is converted to cardanol by heat treatment, but cashew nut shell oil (heated cashew nut shell oil) in which only cardanol and cardol are obtained by heat treatment can also be used.
- Cashew nut shell oil (unheated) extracted by squeezing cashew nut shells contains 55-80% by weight of anacardic acid and cardanol, as described in J. Agric. Food Chem. 2001, 49, 2548-2551. Is contained in an amount of 5 to 20% by mass and caldor is contained in an amount of 5 to 30% by mass.
- the heated cashew nut shell oil obtained by heat-treating the unheated cashew nut shell oil for example, 70 ° C or higher, preferably 130 ° C or higher
- the anacardic acid which is the main component of the unheated cashew nut shell oil
- cardanol is contained in an amount of 55 to 80% by mass
- cardol is contained in an amount of 5 to 30% by mass.
- Cashew nut shell oil can be obtained as vegetable oil extracted by squeezing cashew nut shells. It can also be obtained by carbonizing or solvent-extracting cashew nut shells. Further, for example, cashew nut shell oil can also be obtained by the method described in JP-A-8-231410. Commercially available cashew nut shell oil can also be used.
- the insulin resistance inhibitor of the present invention may contain anacardic acid, cardanol and / or cardol itself instead of cashew nut shell oil.
- anacardic acid examples include natural anacardic acid, synthetic anacardic acid, and derivatives thereof. Alternatively, a commercially available anacardic acid may be used. As described in JP-A-8-231410, anacardic acid is obtained by extracting cashew nut shells with an organic solvent and using, for example, silica gel column chromatography to obtain n-hexane and acetic acid. It can be obtained by elution by changing the ratio of the mixed solvent of ethyl and acetic acid (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-240721, JP-A-3-240716, etc.).
- cardanol examples include natural product cardanol, synthetic cardanol, and derivatives thereof.
- the cardanol used in the present invention can be obtained by decarboxylating anacardic acid, which is the main component of cashew nut shell oil.
- cardols examples include natural product cardols, synthetic cardols, and derivatives thereof.
- the cardol used in the present invention can be obtained by refining from cashew nut shell oil.
- the content of cashew nut shell oil, heat-treated cashew nut shell oil, anacardic acid, cardanol and / or cardol in the insulin resistance inhibitor of the present invention is preferably 0.1% by mass to 100% by mass based on the total amount of the agent. It is more preferably 0.5% by mass to 95% by mass, and particularly preferably 1% by mass to 90% by mass.
- a stock solution of cashew nut shell oil, heat-treated cashew nut shell oil, anacardic acid, cardanol and / or cardol can be directly orally administered.
- the insulin resistance inhibitor of the present invention includes, for example, lactose, sucrose, D-mannitol, ⁇ -starch, starch, cornstarch, in addition to cashew nut shell oil, heat-treated cashew nut shell oil, anacardic acid, cardanol and / or cardol. It may contain components such as crystalline cellulose, cornstarch, silica gel, light anhydrous silicic acid and other excipients that can be used in feeds or pharmaceuticals.
- the insulin resistance inhibitor of the present invention contains ingredients effective for promoting the growth of ruminants, nutritional supplements, and storage stability. It may further contain an optional component such as a component that enhances the property and a coating material component.
- Such optional ingredients include feed ingredients and feed additives such as bran, alfalfa, and thymosy, food ingredients and food additives, pharmaceutical raw materials, and other supplement ingredients used in animal supplements (hereinafter referred to as supplements). And so on.
- viable agents such as enterococcus bacteria, bacillus bacteria, bifidus bacteria; enzymes such as amylase and lipase; vitamins such as L-ascorbic acid, choline chloride, inositol, folic acid; potassium chloride, iron citrate, magnesium oxide, etc.
- Minerals such as phosphates, amino acids such as DL-alanine, DL-methionine, L-lysine; organic acids such as fumaric acid, butyric acid, lactic acid, acetic acid and salts thereof; ethoxyquin, dibutylhydroxytoluene, butylhydroxyanisole, ferula Antioxidants such as acids, vitamin C and vitamin E; Antifungal agents such as calcium propionate; Caking agents such as carboxylmethylcellulose (CMC), sodium caseinate and sodium polyacrylate; Etc.; dyes such as astaxanthin and cantaxanthin; flavoring agents such as various esters, ethers and ketones.
- the type of supplement and ingredients other than cashew nut shell oil, heat-treated cashew nut shell oil, anacardic acid, cardanol and / or cardol are not particularly limited.
- the insulin resistance inhibitor of the present invention may contain an oil absorbing agent such as magnesium oxide, stearate, talc, zeolite, diatomaceous earth and silica, and the oil absorbing agent is preferably in the form of particles.
- the oil absorbing agent is preferably an oil absorbing agent that adsorbs 50 to 300 g of oil per 100 g. Further, when the particle size exceeds 300 ⁇ m, the particles become coarse and separate, so that the particle size is preferably 2 to 300 ⁇ m.
- the preferred mass ratio of oil absorbent to cashew nut shell oil (CNSL), heat treated cashew nut shell oil, anacardic acid, cardanol and / or cardol is 100: 20-100: It is 180.
- the preferable mass ratio of the oil absorbent and the crushed cashew nut shell is 15: 100 to 60: 100.
- the dosage form of the insulin resistance inhibitor of the present invention is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include arbitrary forms such as liquid preparations, powders, solids, tablets, capsules, emulsions, pellets, tablets, and coatings. Powders, capsules, pellets and tablets are preferred.
- liquid agent cashew nut shell oil, heat-treated cashew nut shell oil, anacardic acid, cardanol and / or cardol may be used as they are, or cashew nut shell oil, heat-treated cashew nut shell oil, anacardic acid, cardanol and / or cardol may be used as ethanol.
- cashew nut shell oil, heat-treated cashew nut shell oil, anacardic acid, cardanol and / or cardol can be powdered by adding the above excipients.
- the capsule, cashew nut shell oil, heat-treated cashew nut shell oil, anacardic acid, cardanol and / or cardol may be directly encapsulated, or the above-mentioned excipient or optional component may be added.
- the above-mentioned excipient may be added to cashew nut shell oil, heat-treated cashew nut shell oil, anacardic acid, cardanol and / or cardol, and granulated and pelletized.
- cashew nut shell oil, heat-treated cashew nut shell oil, anacardic acid, cardanol and / or cardol may be added with the above excipients, granulated and tableted.
- an oil absorbing agent such as silica is contained, it is preferably formulated as a powder, a tablet or a pellet.
- the insulin resistance inhibitor of the present invention is formulated by mixing cashew nut shell oil, heat-treated cashew nut shell oil, anacardic acid, cardanol and / or cardol, and optionally excipients or optional components. It can be manufactured by doing so.
- the above-mentioned crushed / crushed cashew nut shell or the cashew nut shell can be mixed with other arbitrary components as it is without any treatment to obtain the insulin resistance inhibitor of the present invention. ..
- the crushed / crushed product itself or the cashew nut shell itself can be used as an insulin resistance inhibitor without being mixed with other optional components.
- the feed of the present invention is characterized by containing cashew nut shell oil, heat-treated cashew nut shell oil, anacardic acid, cardanol and / or cardol.
- the content of cashew nut shell oil, heat-treated cashew nut shell oil, anacardic acid, cardanol and / or cardol in the feed of the present invention is preferably 0.5 to 500,000 mass ppm based on the total amount of the dry substance of the feed. It is preferably 5 to 300,000 mass ppm, particularly preferably 50 to 100,000 mass ppm. If it is 0.5 mass ppm or more, an insulin resistance suppressing effect can be expected.
- the feed of the present invention preferably has a crude protein (CP) content of 12% DM (% dry mass) or more, more preferably 15% DM or more, and even more preferably 17% DM or more.
- the upper limit of CP content is, for example, 30% DM.
- CP content can be measured by the Kjeldahl method (wet analysis).
- the feed of the present invention also preferably has a neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content of 20% DM or more, more preferably 25% DM or more, and even more preferably 30% DM or more.
- the upper limit of NDF content is, for example, 50% DM.
- the NDF content can be measured by the detergent analysis method (wet analysis).
- the analysis method of CP and NDF is also described in Feed Analysis Method / Explanation 2004 (Japan Scientific Feed Association 2004.3).
- the feed of the present invention can be produced by adding cashew nut shell oil, heat-treated cashew nut shell oil, anacardic acid, cardanol and / or cardol or an insulin resistance inhibitor of the present invention containing the same to feed components and mixing them. it can.
- a liquid carrier may be used to facilitate mixing, and the agent may be in the form of a liquid or gel.
- a fluid liquid such as water, vegetable oil, liquid animal oil, mineral oil, synthetic oil, and water-soluble polymer compound can be used as the liquid carrier.
- alginic acid sodium alginate, xanthan gum, carboxymethyl cellulose, ⁇ -starch, sodium caseinate, gum arabic
- a water-soluble polysaccharide such as guar gum or tamarind seed polysaccharide.
- the type and mixing ratio of the feed components to be blended with the agent of the present invention are not particularly limited, and any feed conventionally fed to each animal may be used, for example, corn grains, Corn flour, mylo, bran, soybean meal, crow wheat, wheat flour short, wheat coarse flour, alfalfa, timothy, clover, defatted rice bran, North Sea meal, coastal meal, yeast, molasses, meat pieces, bone meal, calcium carbonate, calcium ferric phosphate, It can be prepared using yellow grease, vitamins, minerals and the like.
- the type of ruminant that feeds the insulin sensitizer or feed of the present invention is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include ruminants such as cattle, buffalo, goats, sheep, and yams. Among them, it is particularly preferable to feed cattle, and preferred cattle breeds include female Holstein breed, Jersey breed, Japanese Black breed, Japanese Shorthorn breed, and Angus breed.
- the amount of insulin resistance inhibitor or feed to be ingested can be appropriately adjusted according to the type, weight, age, sex, health condition, feed components, etc. of the animal, and the cashew nut shell oil contained in the feed at this time, heat treatment.
- Cashew nut shell oil, anacardic acid, cardanol and / or cardol are, for example, 0.01-500 g / head / day, preferably 0.1-200 g / head / day, more preferably 0.1-50 g / head / day, and further. It is preferably 0.5 to 5 g / head / day.
- the range of body weight of cattle fed with the insulin sensitizer or feed of the present invention is usually 500 to 900 kg, cashew nut shell oil contained in the feed given daily per 1 kg of bovine body weight,
- the amount of heat-treated cashew nut shell oil, anacardic acid, cardanol and / or cardol is 0.000011 g to 1 g, preferably 0.00011 g to 0.4 g, and more preferably 0.0011 g to 0.2 g.
- the timing of administration of the insulin sensitizer or feed of the present invention is not particularly limited, but in the case of dairy cows, dairy cows of a suitable age for milk production (usually 20 to 144 months, preferably 20 to 132 months, more). It is preferably fed to 20 to 108 months of age).
- the insulin resistance-suppressing or feed of the present invention is preferably fed to perinatal ruminants, preferably transitional ruminants.
- the salary can be given at any time of 60 days before delivery to 30 days after delivery, preferably 30 days before delivery to 30 days after delivery, and more preferably 14 days before delivery to 14 days after delivery.
- the baby before delivery for example, 60 days before delivery to time of delivery, preferably 30 days before delivery to time of delivery, and more preferably 14 days before delivery. It can be paid at any time between the day and the time of delivery. In this case, the salary may be paid from before delivery to after delivery.
- the salary period is not particularly limited, but is preferably 14 days or longer, more preferably 30 days or longer, and even more preferably 60 days or longer.
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Abstract
Description
インスリン抵抗性は糖取り込み促進作用などインスリンの作用が低下する状態をいい、糖尿病や高脂血症などの原因となりうる。特に、周産期の反芻動物においては、エネルギー代謝の変化やホルモンバランスの変化によりインスリン抵抗性が起こりやすい危険性がある。
しかしながら、反芻動物においてインスリン抵抗性を抑制するために有効な飼料成分はほとんど知られていない。
(1)カシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールを含有することを特徴とする、反芻動物のインスリン抵抗性抑制剤。
(2)反芻動物がウシである、(1)に記載のインスリン抵抗性抑制剤。
(3)反芻動物がメスの反芻動物である、(1)または(2)に記載のインスリン抵抗性抑制剤。
(4)メスの反芻動物が、分娩前30日から分娩後30日のメスの反芻動物である、(3)に記載のインスリン抵抗性抑制剤。
(5)インスリン抵抗性指標を30%以上抑制し、血中の遊離脂肪酸および/またはケトン体濃度を減少させる効果を有する、(1)~(4)のいずれかに記載のインスリン抵抗性抑制剤。
(6)カシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールを含有することを特徴とする、反芻動物のインスリン抵抗性抑制用飼料。
(7)粗タンパク質(CP)含量が12%DM(%乾燥質量)以上である、(6)に記載の飼料。
(8)中性デタージェント繊維(NDF)含量が20%DM以上である、(6)または(7)に記載の飼料。
(9)カシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールを非ヒト動物に投与することを特徴とする、インスリン抵抗性を抑制する方法。
(10)カシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールを反芻動物に投与することを特徴とする、反芻動物のインスリン抵抗性を抑制する方法。
(11)反芻動物がウシである、(10)に記載の方法。
(12)反芻動物がメスの反芻動物である、(10)または(11)に記載の方法。
(13)分娩前30日から分娩後30日のいずれかの時点でカシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールを投与する、(12)に記載の方法。
(14)分娩前30日から分娩時までのいずれかの時点でカシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールを投与する、(12)に記載の方法。
(15)投与期間は少なくとも14日である、(10)~(14)のいずれかに記載の方法。
(16)カシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールを0.1~50g/頭/日投与する、(10)~(15)のいずれかに記載の記載の方法。
(17)反芻動物のインスリン抵抗性抑制剤の製造のためのカシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールの使用。
インスリン抵抗性は下記のRQUIKI値により評価することができ、この値が低くなるほどインスリン抵抗性が高まっていると評価することができる。したがって、CNSL等を投与することで、非投与時と比べてRQUIKI値の低下を抑えることができれば、インスリン抵抗性を抑制できたということができる。RQUIKI値などのインスリン抵抗性の指標は、本発明のインスリン抵抗性抑制剤の投与により、非投与時と比べて30%以上抑制されることが好ましく、50%以上抑制されることがより好ましい。
ここで、Glu、Insulin、NEFAはそれぞれ血中のグルコース濃度(mg/dL)、インスリン濃度(μU/mL)、遊離脂肪酸濃度(mmol/L)を示す。
非加熱カシューナッツ殻油を加熱処理(例えば、70℃以上、好ましくは130℃以上)した加熱カシューナッツ殻油は、非加熱カシューナッツ殻油の主成分のアナカルド酸が脱炭酸しカルダノールに変換され、アナカルド酸を0~10質量%、カルダノールを55~80質量%、カルドールを5~30質量%含むものとなる。
本発明のインスリン抵抗性抑制剤の一態様において、吸油剤と、カシューナッツ殻油(CNSL)、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールの好ましい質量比は、100:20~100:180である。また、吸油剤とカシューナッツ殻粉砕物の場合の好ましい質量比は、15:100~60:100である。
液剤としては、カシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールをそのまま用いてもよいし、カシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールをエタノールなどの溶媒に溶かしてもよいし、あるいは上記賦形剤または任意成分を添加して用いることもできる。また、以下の粉剤、カプセル剤、ペレット剤、タブレット剤を液中に懸濁・浮遊させてもよい。
粉剤としては、カシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールに上記賦形剤を添加し、粉末化することもできる。
カプセル剤としては、カシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールをそのままカプセルに詰めてもよいし、あるいは上記賦形剤または任意成分を添加してもよい。
ペレット剤としては、カシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールに上記賦形剤を添加し、造粒し、ペレット化することもできる。
錠剤としては、カシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールに上記賦形剤を添加し、造粒し、錠剤化することもできる。
なお、シリカなどの吸油剤を含有する場合には、粉剤や錠剤やペレット剤として製剤化することが好ましい。
本発明の飼料におけるカシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールの含有量は、飼料の乾物質量当たり、全量基準で0.5~500,000質量ppmが好ましく、より好ましくは5~300,000質量ppm、特に好ましくは50~100,000質量ppmである。0.5質量ppm以上であれば、インスリン抵抗性抑制効果が期待できる。5質量ppm以上、特に好ましくは50質量ppm以上であれば、その傾向は顕著になり好ましい。一方、500,000質量ppmでもインスリン抵抗性抑制を発揮できるが、300,000質量ppm以下、特に好ましくは100,000質量ppm以下が好ましい。
本発明の飼料は粗タンパク質(CP)含量が12%DM(%乾燥質量)以上であることが好ましく、15%DM以上であることがより好ましく、更に好ましくは17%DM以上である。CP含量の上限は、例えば、30%DMである。CP含量はケルダール法(wet分析)により測定することができる。
本発明の飼料はまた、中性デタージェント繊維(NDF)含量が20%DM以上であることが好ましく、25%DM以上であることがより好ましく、更に好ましくは30%DM以上である。NDF含量の上限は、例えば、50%DMである。NDF含量はデタージェント分析法(wet分析)により測定することができる。
CPやNDFの分析法は飼料分析法・解説 2004(日本科学飼料協会 2004.3)にも記載されている。
カシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールを含む本発明の飼料において、タンパク質や中性デタージェント繊維含量を増加させることで、特に分娩前後の雌の反芻動物において、健康状態を維持しつつインスリン抵抗性抑制効果を相乗的に高めることができる。
この際、粉末状、固形状の剤を用いる場合は、混合を容易にするために液体担体を用いて、剤を液状又はゲル状の形態にしてもよい。この場合は、水、植物油、液体動物油、鉱物油、合成油、水溶性高分子化合物等の流動性液体を液体担体として用いることができる。また、飼料中におけるカシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールの均一性を保つために、アルギン酸、アルギン酸ナトリウム、キサンタンガム、カルボキシメチルセルロース、αデンプン、カゼインナトリウム、アラビアゴム、グアーガム、タマリンド種子多糖類などの水溶性多糖類を配合することも好ましい。
また、本発明のインスリン抵抗性抑制剤または飼料を摂取させるウシの体重の範囲は、通常、500~900kgであるので、ウシの体重1kg当たりの、一日に与える飼料に含まれるカシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールの量としては、0.000011g~1g、好ましくは0.00011g~0.4g、より好ましくは0.0011g~0.2gである。
また、本発明のインスリン抵抗性抑制または飼料は、周産期の反芻動物、好ましくは移行期の反芻動物に給与するのが好ましい。例えば、分娩前60日~分娩後30日、好ましくは分娩前30日~分娩後30日、より好ましくは分娩前14日~分娩後14日のいずれかの時点で給与することができる。特に、分娩によって生じるインスリン抵抗性を抑制するためには、分娩前から給与することが好ましく、例えば、分娩前60日~分娩時、好ましくは分娩前30日~分娩時、より好ましくは分娩前14日~分娩時のいずれかの時点で給与することができる。この場合、分娩前から分娩後に渡って給与してもよい。給与期間は特に制限されないが、好ましくは14日以上、より好ましくは30日以上、さらに好ましくは60日以上である。
試験には対照群5頭、給与群4頭の計9頭を供試し、給与群には分娩前14日からカシューナッツ殻油(アナカルド酸61.8質量%、カルダノール8.2質量%、カルドール19.9質量%を含有)を5.0g含む飼料を給与した。
なお、飼料における粗タンパク質(CP)含量は12%DM以上、中性デタージェント繊維(NDF)含量は20%DM以上であった。
供試牛は、雌のホルスタイン成牛(平均57.5ヶ月齢、範囲25ヶ月齢~90ヶ月齢)で、肥満度を示すボディコンディションスコア(BCS)が3.5~4.0を示す過肥牛であり,インスリン抵抗性獲得リスクの高い個体であった。
測定値においては分娩後3日目に差異がみられ,給与群にてインスリン抵抗性を示すRQUIKI値が有意に高くインスリン抵抗性を示していないことが明らかとなった。
Claims (17)
- カシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールを含有することを特徴とする、反芻動物のインスリン抵抗性抑制剤。
- 反芻動物がウシである、請求項1に記載のインスリン抵抗性抑制剤。
- 反芻動物がメスの反芻動物である、請求項1または2に記載のインスリン抵抗性抑制剤。
- メスの反芻動物が、分娩前30日から分娩後30日のメスの反芻動物である、請求項3に記載のインスリン抵抗性抑制剤。
- インスリン抵抗性指標を30%以上抑制し、血中の遊離脂肪酸および/またはケトン体濃度を減少させる効果を有する、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載のインスリン抵抗性抑制剤。
- カシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールを含有することを特徴とする、反芻動物のインスリン抵抗性抑制用飼料。
- 粗タンパク質(CP)含量が12%DM(%乾燥質量)以上である、請求項6に記載の飼料。
- 中性デタージェント繊維(NDF)含量が20%DM以上である、請求項6または7に記載の飼料。
- カシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールを非ヒト動物に投与することを特徴とする、インスリン抵抗性を抑制する方法。
- カシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールを反芻動物に投与することを特徴とする、反芻動物のインスリン抵抗性を抑制する方法。
- 反芻動物がウシである、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 反芻動物がメスの反芻動物である、請求項10または11に記載の方法。
- 分娩前30日から分娩後30日のいずれかの時点でカシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールを投与する、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 分娩前30日から分娩時までのいずれかの時点でカシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールを投与する、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 投与期間は少なくとも14日である、請求項10~14のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- カシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールを0.1~50g/頭/日投与する、請求項10~15のいずれか一項に記載の記載の方法。
- 反芻動物のインスリン抵抗性抑制剤の製造のためのカシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールの使用。
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US20220370532A1 (en) | 2022-11-24 |
BR112022008111A8 (pt) | 2022-12-06 |
CN114599231A (zh) | 2022-06-07 |
BR112022008111A2 (pt) | 2022-07-19 |
KR20220092505A (ko) | 2022-07-01 |
EP4052708A4 (en) | 2023-11-08 |
MX2022004965A (es) | 2022-11-07 |
EP4052708A1 (en) | 2022-09-07 |
AR120346A1 (es) | 2022-02-09 |
AU2020376624A1 (en) | 2022-05-19 |
JPWO2021085584A1 (ja) | 2021-05-06 |
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