WO2021072868A1 - 液晶显示装置 - Google Patents

液晶显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021072868A1
WO2021072868A1 PCT/CN2019/118029 CN2019118029W WO2021072868A1 WO 2021072868 A1 WO2021072868 A1 WO 2021072868A1 CN 2019118029 W CN2019118029 W CN 2019118029W WO 2021072868 A1 WO2021072868 A1 WO 2021072868A1
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Prior art keywords
liquid crystal
chip
electrode
degrees
pitch
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PCT/CN2019/118029
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈兴武
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Tcl华星光电技术有限公司
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Priority to US16/626,336 priority Critical patent/US11112657B2/en
Publication of WO2021072868A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021072868A1/zh

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1343Electrodes
    • G02F1/134309Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/137Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
    • G02F1/139Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on orientation effects in which the liquid crystal remains transparent
    • G02F1/1393Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on orientation effects in which the liquid crystal remains transparent the birefringence of the liquid crystal being electrically controlled, e.g. ECB-, DAP-, HAN-, PI-LC cells
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133528Polarisers
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1337Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
    • G02F1/133707Structures for producing distorted electric fields, e.g. bumps, protrusions, recesses, slits in pixel electrodes
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/137Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/137Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
    • G02F1/13775Polymer-stabilized liquid crystal layers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of display technology, and in particular to a liquid crystal display device.
  • TN Transmission Nematic, twisted nematic
  • VA Very Alignment, vertical alignment
  • IPS In-plane switching; plane direction conversion
  • FFS Frringe Field Switching
  • PSVA Polymer Stabilized vertical alignment, polymer stabilized vertical alignment
  • PSVA liquid crystal display technology has become the most extensive display technology at present, but people have higher and higher requirements for display technology. Wide viewing angle and high transmittance have always been important directions for the future development of display technology.
  • the PSVA display mode needs to add a UV process in the cell process, that is, ultraviolet light (UV) is irradiated under power-on, so that the liquid crystal molecules are reversed in a certain direction, and the polymerizable monomers in the liquid crystal are polymerized by ultraviolet light irradiation , Forming a certain pretilt angle.
  • UV ultraviolet light
  • the display in the peripheral area of the pixel may have non-ideal conditions, resulting in a dark pattern area.
  • the present invention provides a liquid crystal display device to solve the technical problem of the existing liquid crystal display device, due to the adoption of the PSVA display mode, a dark pattern area will be generated around the pixel, which affects the penetration rate of the product and further affects the display.
  • the present invention provides a liquid crystal display device, which includes a first substrate having a first electrode, a second substrate having a second electrode, a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the first substrate and the second substrate, and a first substrate.
  • a polarizer and a second polarizer the second substrate is disposed opposite to the first substrate, the first polarizer is disposed on the side of the first substrate away from the liquid crystal layer, and the second polarizer
  • the sheet is arranged on the side of the second substrate away from the liquid crystal layer; wherein the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal layer is doped with a chiral agent, the pitch of the liquid crystal is 8-60 microns, and the effective light of the liquid crystal
  • the path difference is 300 to 550 nanometers; the thickness of the liquid crystal layer is 2.5 to 4 microns;
  • the first electrode includes at least one main electrode and a plurality of branch electrodes, and the main electrode defines a plurality of chips.
  • the branch electrodes extend in different directions from the main electrode, and the branch electrodes
  • the angle between the branch electrode and the main electrode in each chip is the same and is 45 degrees.
  • the angle between the polarization axis of the second polarizer and the main electrode is ⁇ , and when the pitch of the liquid crystal is 8-11 microns, ⁇ is 40 ⁇ 60 degrees; when the pitch of the liquid crystal is 11 to 13.5 microns, ⁇ is 35 to 55 degrees; when the pitch of the liquid crystal is 13.5 to 16 microns, ⁇ is 25 to 45 degrees; when the pitch of the liquid crystal is When 16 to 18.5 microns, ⁇ is 20 to 40 degrees; when the pitch of the liquid crystal is 18.5 to 60 microns, ⁇ is 15 to 35 degrees.
  • the extension direction of the main electrode coincides with the polarization axis of the second polarizer.
  • the main electrode divides the plurality of branch electrodes into a first chip, a second chip adjacent to the first chip, and an area diagonal to the first chip.
  • the angle between the branch electrode in the first chip and the branch electrode in the third chip and the main electrode is the same, and the second The angle between the branch electrode in the chip and the branch electrode in the fourth chip and the main electrode is the same.
  • the angle between the branch electrode in the first chip and the main electrode is ⁇ 1
  • the branch electrode in the second chip and the main electrode are The angle between the electrodes is ⁇ 2, when the pitch of the liquid crystal is 8 ⁇ 13.5 microns, ⁇ 1 is 0 ⁇ 15 degrees, and ⁇ 2 is 75 ⁇ 90 degrees; when the pitch of the liquid crystal is 13.5 ⁇ 16 microns, ⁇ 1 Is 0-20 degrees, ⁇ 2 is 70-90 degrees; when the pitch of the liquid crystal is 16-18.5 microns, ⁇ 1 is 5-25 degrees, and ⁇ 2 is 65-90 degrees; when the pitch of the liquid crystal is 18.5-60 When micron, ⁇ 1 is 10-30 degrees, and ⁇ 2 is 60-90 degrees.
  • the pitch of the liquid crystal is 2-10 times the thickness of the liquid crystal layer.
  • the present invention also provides a liquid crystal display device, which includes a first substrate having a first electrode, a second substrate having a second electrode, a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the first substrate and the second substrate, and a second substrate.
  • a polarizer and a second polarizer the second substrate is disposed opposite to the first substrate, the first polarizer is disposed on the side of the first substrate away from the liquid crystal layer, and the second The polarizer is arranged on the side of the second substrate away from the liquid crystal layer, wherein the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal layer is doped with a chiral agent, the pitch of the liquid crystal is 8-60 microns, and the effective The optical path difference is 300 to 550 nanometers.
  • the first electrode includes at least one main electrode and a plurality of branch electrodes, the main electrode defines a plurality of chips, and the branch electrodes in different chips are derived from the main electrode. Extending in different directions, the branch electrodes in the same chip are arranged in parallel.
  • the angle between the branch electrode and the main electrode in each chip is the same and is 45 degrees.
  • the angle between the polarization axis of the second polarizer and the main electrode is ⁇ , and when the pitch of the liquid crystal is 8-11 microns, ⁇ is 40 ⁇ 60 degrees; when the pitch of the liquid crystal is 11 to 13.5 microns, ⁇ is 35 to 55 degrees; when the pitch of the liquid crystal is 13.5 to 16 microns, ⁇ is 25 to 45 degrees; when the pitch of the liquid crystal is When 16 to 18.5 microns, ⁇ is 20 to 40 degrees; when the pitch of the liquid crystal is 18.5 to 60 microns, ⁇ is 15 to 35 degrees.
  • the extension direction of the main electrode coincides with the polarization axis of the second polarizer.
  • the main electrode divides the plurality of branch electrodes into a first chip, a second chip adjacent to the first chip, and an area diagonal to the first chip.
  • the angle between the branch electrode in the first chip and the branch electrode in the third chip and the main electrode is the same, and the second The angle between the branch electrode in the chip and the branch electrode in the fourth chip and the main electrode is the same.
  • the angle between the branch electrode in the first chip and the main electrode is ⁇ 1
  • the branch electrode in the second chip and the main electrode are The angle between the electrodes is ⁇ 2, when the pitch of the liquid crystal is 8 ⁇ 13.5 microns, ⁇ 1 is 0 ⁇ 15 degrees, and ⁇ 2 is 75 ⁇ 90 degrees; when the pitch of the liquid crystal is 13.5 ⁇ 16 microns, ⁇ 1 Is 0-20 degrees, ⁇ 2 is 70-90 degrees; when the pitch of the liquid crystal is 16-18.5 microns, ⁇ 1 is 5-25 degrees, and ⁇ 2 is 65-90 degrees; when the pitch of the liquid crystal is 18.5-60 When micron, ⁇ 1 is 10-30 degrees, and ⁇ 2 is 60-90 degrees.
  • the thickness of the liquid crystal layer is 2.5-4 microns.
  • the pitch of the liquid crystal is 2-10 times the thickness of the liquid crystal layer.
  • the beneficial effects of the present invention are: by adding a chiral agent to the liquid crystal, the spiral twisting force generated by the chiral agent drives the liquid crystal molecules around the pixel to rotate, thereby reducing the dark area around the pixel, and by changing the main electrode and the branch electrode The angle or the angle of the polarization axis of the polarizer and the main electrode maximizes the transmittance of the liquid crystal display device, thereby realizing a high transmittance display.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a second electrode according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a graph of transmittance of a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a second electrode according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the present invention is aimed at the technical problem of the existing liquid crystal display device, because the PSVA display mode is adopted, a dark pattern area will be generated around the pixel, which affects the transmittance of the product and further affects the display.
  • This embodiment can solve the defect.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a liquid crystal display device 100, which includes a first substrate 10, a second substrate 20, a liquid crystal layer 30, a first polarizer 40, and a second polarizer 50.
  • the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20 are disposed opposite to each other, the liquid crystal layer 30 is sandwiched between the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20, and the first polarizer 40 is disposed on the The first substrate 10 faces away from the liquid crystal layer 30, and the second polarizer 50 is disposed on a side of the second substrate 20 away from the liquid crystal layer 30.
  • the first substrate 10 has a first electrode 11
  • the first electrode 11 is disposed on a side of the first substrate 10 close to the liquid crystal layer 30
  • the second substrate 20 has a second electrode 21
  • the second electrode 21 is disposed on a side of the second substrate 20 close to the liquid crystal layer 30, the liquid crystal layer 30 is used to fill liquid crystal, and the liquid crystal is filled in the first electrode 11 and the second Between electrodes 21.
  • the PSVA liquid crystal display needs to increase the ultraviolet light irradiation process during the cell manufacturing process. After the liquid crystal molecules are tilted in a certain direction, the ultraviolet light is used to irradiate the polymerizable monomers in the liquid crystal to form a certain pretilt angle, but this display Under the existing pixel design framework, there must be a certain area around the pixel that is not ideal, resulting in dark lines.
  • the embodiment of the present invention makes an improvement to this by adding chiral molecules to the liquid crystal, so that the liquid crystal molecules are periodic. Rotation uses the spiral twisting force generated by the chiral agent to drive the liquid crystal molecules around the pixel to rotate, effectively reducing the width of the peripheral dark stripe area, thereby increasing the transmittance of the liquid crystal display device 100.
  • the pitch (P) of the liquid crystal doped with the chiral agent is 8-60 microns, and the liquid crystal molecules rotate periodically, and the interlayer pitch that returns to the original orientation after rotating 360 degrees is defined as the pitch P of the liquid crystal.
  • the liquid crystal is a negative liquid crystal, and the transmittance per unit area is improved by maintaining the effective optical path difference ⁇ nd of the liquid crystal between 300 nanometers and 550 nanometers, where ⁇ n is the birefringence coefficient of the liquid crystal, and d is the thickness of the liquid crystal layer 30 (The gap between the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 21), the thickness d of the liquid crystal layer 30 is 2.5-4 microns, specifically, the pitch P of the liquid crystal is 2-10 of the thickness of the liquid crystal layer 30 Times.
  • the first electrode 11 includes at least one main electrode 111 and a plurality of branch electrodes 112.
  • the main electrode 111 defines a plurality of chips, and the branch electrodes 112 in different chips are derived from the main electrode 112. 111 extends in different directions, and a plurality of the branch electrodes 112 in the same chip are arranged in parallel, that is, they extend in the same direction.
  • the first electrode 11 includes two intersecting and vertical main electrodes 111 to form a cross structure, and the two main electrodes 111 divide the plurality of branch electrodes 112 into four chips. , Are the first chip 101, the second chip 102 adjacent to the first chip, the third chip 103 that is diagonal to the first chip, and the second chip 102 that is diagonal to The fourth chip 104.
  • the transmittance can be maximized .
  • the polarization axis X of the first polarizer 40 and the polarization axis Y of the second polarizer 50 are perpendicular to each other.
  • the overall structure of the first electrode 11 is rectangular or square.
  • the angle ⁇ between the main electrode 111 of the electrode 11 and the main electrode 111 is the same and both are 45 degrees, the angle between the polarization axis Y of the second polarizer 50 and the main electrode 111 is ⁇
  • the transmittance of the liquid crystal display changes with the angle of ⁇ , but the transmittance can be maximized within a certain angle range.
  • the main electrodes 111 involved in each of the above-mentioned included angles, Both are the angles formed by the same main electrode.
  • the abscissa is the value of the angle ⁇ between the main electrode 111 and the polarization axis Y of the second polarizer 50, and the ordinate is the transmittance of the liquid crystal display device.
  • the polarization axis of the main electrode and the second polarizer can be kept coincident (the angle ⁇ is zero), and the transmittance can be achieved by adjusting the angle ⁇ between the branch electrode and the main electrode in different chips To maximize.
  • one of the main electrodes 111 has an extension direction that coincides with the polarization axis Y of the second polarizer 50, and the other main electrode has an extension direction that coincides with the first The polarization axis X of the polarizer 40 overlaps.
  • the angle between the branch electrode 112 in the first chip 101 and the main electrode 111 is ⁇ 1, and the branch electrode in the second chip 102
  • the angle between the electrode 112 and the main electrode 111 is ⁇ 2
  • the angle between the branch electrode in the third chip 103 and the main electrode is ⁇ 3
  • the branch electrode in the fourth chip is ⁇ 3.
  • the angle between the main electrodes is ⁇ 4, ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 3 are the same, and ⁇ 2 and ⁇ 4 are the same.
  • the angles between the branch electrodes in different chips and the main electrode are a combination of 0-30° and 60-90°, according to the pitch P value of different liquid crystal materials, Correspondingly design different ⁇ angles to maximize the penetration rate.
  • the sum of the angles ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 can be maintained at 90°.
  • Each of the branch electrodes 112 has the same width, and the gaps between adjacent branch electrodes 112 are the same.
  • the main electrode 111 and the branch electrodes 112 are both elongated structures, and the materials are both indium tin oxide materials.
  • the first substrate 10 is a thin film transistor array substrate
  • the second substrate 20 is a color filter substrate
  • the second substrate 20 may also be provided with a color filter layer for achieving color display, a black matrix for preventing light leakage,
  • the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20 may be glass substrates or flexible substrates.
  • the first electrode 11 is a pixel electrode
  • the second electrode 21 is a common electrode
  • the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20 are further provided with an alignment layer
  • liquid crystal is injected between the two substrates.
  • the method can be an inkjet printing method or other methods. After the liquid crystal is injected to form a liquid crystal cell, the liquid crystal is subjected to PSVA treatment, that is, the liquid crystal is energized and irradiated with ultraviolet light to form a pretilt angle.
  • the beneficial effects are: by adding a chiral agent to the liquid crystal, the spiral twisting force generated by the chiral agent drives the liquid crystal molecules around the pixel to rotate, thereby reducing the dark area around the pixel, and changing the angle of the main electrode and the branch electrode or the polarizer The angle between the polarization axis and the main electrode maximizes the transmittance of the liquid crystal display device, thereby achieving high transmittance display.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
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Abstract

一种液晶显示装置(100),包括具有第一电极(11)的第一基板(10)、具有第二电极(21)的第二基板(20)、液晶层(30)、第一偏光片(40)以及第二偏光片(50),液晶层(30)中的液晶掺杂有手性剂,液晶螺距(P)为8~60微米,液晶的有效光程差(Δnd)为300~550纳米。通过在液晶中加入手性剂,改变主干电极(111)与分支电极(112)之间的夹角(φ)或者第二偏光片(50)的偏光轴(Y)与主干电极(111)之间的夹角(θ),使得穿透率最大化,进而实现高穿透率显示。

Description

液晶显示装置 技术领域
本发明涉及显示技术领域,尤其涉及一种液晶显示装置。
背景技术
目前常用的液晶显示器分为TN(Twisted Nematic,扭转向列型)模式、VA(Vertical Alignment,垂直对齐)模式、IPS(In-plane switching;平面方向转换)模式、以及FFS(Fringe Field Switching);边缘场开关)模式等。现有VA显示模式中最常用的是PSVA(Polymer stabilized vertical alignment,聚合物稳定垂直排列) 技术,其具有高对比度和响应速度快的优势。PSVA液晶显示技术已成为目前最广泛的显示技术,但人们对显示技术的要求也越来越高,广视角和高穿透率一直是显示技术未来发展的重要方向。
PSVA显示模式需要在Cell制程中增加UV制程,即在加电情况下进行紫外光(UV)照射,使液晶分子沿着某一方向倒向后,利用紫外光照射使得液晶内可聚合单体聚合,形成一定的预倾角。然而,这种方式在现有像素结构设计中,像素周边区域显示会存在非理想状况,产生暗纹区域。
技术问题
本发明提供一种液晶显示装置,以解决现有的液晶显示装置,由于采用PSVA显示模式,像素周边会产生暗纹区域,影响产品的穿透率,进而影响显示的技术问题。
技术解决方案
为解决上述问题,本发明提供的技术方案如下:
本发明提供一种液晶显示装置,包括具有第一电极的第一基板、具有第二电极的第二基板、夹设于所述第一基板和所述第二基板之间的液晶层、第一偏光片、以及第二偏光片,所述第二基板与所述第一基板相对设置,所述第一偏光片设置于所述第一基板背离所述液晶层的一侧,所述第二偏光片设置于所述第二基板背离所述液晶层的一侧;其中,所述液晶层中的液晶掺杂有手性剂,所述液晶的螺距为8~60微米,所述液晶的有效光程差为300~550纳米;所述液晶层的厚度为2.5~4微米;所述第一电极包括至少一个主干电极和多个分支电极,所述主干电极限定出多个筹,不同筹内的所述分支电极自所述主干电极向不同方向延伸,同一筹内的所述分支电极平行排列。
在本发明的至少一种实施例中,每个筹内的所述分支电极与所述主干电极之间的夹角相同且为45度。
在本发明的至少一种实施例中,所述第二偏光片的偏光轴与所述主干电极之间的夹角为θ,当所述液晶的螺距为8~11微米时,θ为40~60度;当所述液晶的螺距为11~13.5微米时,θ为35~55度;当所述液晶的螺距为13.5~16微米时,θ为25~45度;当所述液晶的螺距为16~18.5微米时,θ为20~40度;当所述液晶的螺距为18.5~60微米时,θ为15~35度。
在本发明的至少一种实施例中,所述主干电极的延伸方向与所述第二偏光片的偏光轴重合。
在本发明的至少一种实施例中,所述主干电极将所述多个分支电极划分为第一筹、与所述第一筹相邻的第二筹、与第一筹呈对角区域的第三筹、以及与所述第二筹呈对角区域的第四筹。
在本发明的至少一种实施例中,所述第一筹内的所述分支电极以及所述第三筹内的所述分支电极与所述主干电极之间的夹角相同,所述第二筹内的所述分支电极以及所述第四筹内的所述分支电极与所述主干电极之间的夹角相同。
在本发明的至少一种实施例中,所述第一筹内的所述分支电极与所述主干电极之间的夹角为φ1,所述第二筹内的所述分支电极与所述主干电极之间的夹角为φ2,当所述液晶的螺距为8~13.5微米时,φ1为0~15度,φ2为75~90度;当所述液晶的螺距为13.5~16微米时,φ1为0~20度,φ2为70~90度;当所述液晶的螺距为16~18.5微米时,φ1为5~25度,φ2为65~90度;当所述液晶的螺距为18.5~60微米时,φ1为10~30度,φ2为60~90度。
在本发明的至少一种实施例中,所述液晶的螺距是所述液晶层厚度的2~10倍。
本发明还提供一种液晶显示装置,包括具有第一电极的第一基板、具有第二电极的第二基板、夹设于所述第一基板和所述第二基板之间的液晶层、第一偏光片、以及第二偏光片,所述第二基板与所述第一基板相对设置,所述第一偏光片设置于所述第一基板背离所述液晶层的一侧,所述第二偏光片设置于所述第二基板背离所述液晶层的一侧,其中,所述液晶层中的液晶掺杂有手性剂,所述液晶的螺距为8~60微米,所述液晶的有效光程差为300~550纳米。
在本发明的至少一种实施例中,所述第一电极包括至少一个主干电极和多个分支电极,所述主干电极限定出多个筹,不同筹内的所述分支电极自所述主干电极向不同方向延伸,同一筹内的所述分支电极平行排列。
在本发明的至少一种实施例中,每个筹内的所述分支电极与所述主干电极之间的夹角相同且为45度。
在本发明的至少一种实施例中,所述第二偏光片的偏光轴与所述主干电极之间的夹角为θ,当所述液晶的螺距为8~11微米时,θ为40~60度;当所述液晶的螺距为11~13.5微米时,θ为35~55度;当所述液晶的螺距为13.5~16微米时,θ为25~45度;当所述液晶的螺距为16~18.5微米时,θ为20~40度;当所述液晶的螺距为18.5~60微米时,θ为15~35度。
在本发明的至少一种实施例中,所述主干电极的延伸方向与所述第二偏光片的偏光轴重合。
在本发明的至少一种实施例中,所述主干电极将所述多个分支电极划分为第一筹、与所述第一筹相邻的第二筹、与第一筹呈对角区域的第三筹、以及与所述第二筹呈对角区域的第四筹。
在本发明的至少一种实施例中,所述第一筹内的所述分支电极以及所述第三筹内的所述分支电极与所述主干电极之间的夹角相同,所述第二筹内的所述分支电极以及所述第四筹内的所述分支电极与所述主干电极之间的夹角相同。
在本发明的至少一种实施例中,所述第一筹内的所述分支电极与所述主干电极之间的夹角为φ1,所述第二筹内的所述分支电极与所述主干电极之间的夹角为φ2,当所述液晶的螺距为8~13.5微米时,φ1为0~15度,φ2为75~90度;当所述液晶的螺距为13.5~16微米时,φ1为0~20度,φ2为70~90度;当所述液晶的螺距为16~18.5微米时,φ1为5~25度,φ2为65~90度;当所述液晶的螺距为18.5~60微米时,φ1为10~30度,φ2为60~90度。
在本发明的至少一种实施例中,所述液晶层的厚度为2.5~4微米。
在本发明的至少一种实施例中,所述液晶的螺距是所述液晶层厚度的2~10倍。
有益效果
本发明的有益效果为:通过在液晶中加入手性剂,利用手性剂产生的螺旋扭曲力带动像素周边的液晶分子转动,从而缩小像素周边的暗纹区域,另外通过改变主干电极与分支电极角度或者偏光片的偏光轴与主干电极角度,使得液晶显示装置的穿透率最大化,进而实现高穿透率显示。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明实施例的液晶显示装置的结构示意图;
图2为本发明实施例的第二电极的结构示意图;
图3为本发明实施例的液晶显示装置的穿透率曲线图;
图4为本发明其他实施例的第二电极的结构示意图。
本发明的实施方式
以下各实施例的说明是参考附加的图示,用以例示本发明可用以实施的特定实施例。本发明所提到的方向用语,例如[上]、[下]、[前]、[后]、[左]、[右]、[内]、[外]、[侧面]等,仅是参考附加图式的方向。因此,使用的方向用语是用以说明及理解本发明,而非用以限制本发明。在图中,结构相似的单元是用以相同标号表示。
本发明针对现有的液晶显示装置,由于采用PSVA显示模式,像素周边会产生暗纹区域,影响产品的穿透率,进而影响显示的技术问题,本实施例能够解决该缺陷。
如图1所示,本发明实施例提供一种液晶显示装置100,包括第一基板10、第二基板20、液晶层30、第一偏光片40、以及第二偏光片50。
所述第一基板10和所述第二基板20相对设置,所述液晶层30夹设于所述第一基板10和所述第二基板20之间,所述第一偏光片40设置于所述第一基板10背离所述液晶层30,所述第二偏光片50设置于所述第二基板20背离所述液晶层30的一侧。
其中,所述第一基板10具有第一电极11,所述第一电极11设置于所述第一基板10靠近所述液晶层30的一侧,所述第二基板20具有第二电极21,所述第二电极21设置于所述第二基板20靠近所述液晶层30的一侧,所述液晶层30用于填充液晶,所述液晶填充于所述第一电极11和所述第二电极21之间。
PSVA液晶显示器在cell制程时需增加紫外光照射制程,在使液晶分子沿着某一方向倒向后,利用紫外光照射使得液晶内可聚合单体聚合,形成一定的预倾角,但是这种显示模式在现有像素设计框架下,像素周边必然会有一定区域为非理想状况,产生暗纹区域,本发明实施例对此做出改进,在液晶中添加手性分子,使得液晶分子发生周期性旋转,利用手性剂产生的螺旋扭曲力带动像素周边的液晶分子转动,有效缩小周边暗纹区域的宽度,从而提高液晶显示装置100的穿透率。
掺杂手性剂的液晶的螺距(pitch,P)为8~60微米,液晶分子发生周期性旋转,旋转360度后回到原始取向的层间距定义为液晶的螺距P。
所述液晶为负性液晶,通过维持液晶的有效光程差Δnd介于300纳米至550纳米之间,来提高单位面积的穿透率,Δn为液晶双折射系数,d为液晶层30的厚度(第一电极11与第二电极21之间的间隙),所述液晶层30的厚度d为2.5~4微米,具体地,所述液晶的螺距P为所述液晶层30厚度的2~10倍。
如图2所示,所述第一电极11包括至少一个主干电极111和多个分支电极112,所述主干电极111限定出多个筹,不同筹内的所述分支电极112自所述主干电极111向不同方向延伸,同一筹内的多个所述分支电极112平行排列,即延伸方向相同。
具体地,在本实施例中,所述第一电极11包括两条相交且垂直的主干电极111,形成十字架结构,两条所述主干电极111将所述多个分支电极112划分为四个筹,分别为第一筹101、与所述第一筹相邻的第二筹102、与所述第一筹呈对角区域的第三筹103、以及与所述第二筹102呈对角区域的第四筹104。
在液晶分子中加入手性剂的基础上,通过改变液晶显示装置100中的电极之间的角度或者电极与偏光片的偏光轴的角度,搭配不同的液晶材料,能够最大化地提高穿透率。
所述第一偏光片40的偏光轴X与所述第二偏光片50的偏光轴Y相互垂直,所述第一电极11的整体结构为长方形或正方形,当保持各个筹内的所述第一电极11的主干电极111与所述主干电极111之间的夹角φ相同且均为45度时,所述第二偏光片50的偏光轴Y与所述主干电极111之间的夹角为θ,对于不同的液晶材料,所述液晶显示器的穿透率随着θ角度的变化而变化,但在一定的角度范围内能使得穿透率最大化,上述各个夹角涉及到的主干电极111,均是与同一条主干电极所成的夹角。
当φ角为45度,在穿透率最大情况下,液晶材料的螺距p与所述第二偏光片的偏光轴Y之间的夹角关系如下表1所示。
表1
P(um) θ(°)
8≤P≤11 40≤θ≤60
11≤P≤13.5 35≤θ≤55
13.5≤P≤16 25≤θ≤45
16≤P≤18.5 20≤θ≤40
18.5≤P≤60 15≤θ≤35
如图3所示,横坐标为主干电极111与第二偏光片50的偏光轴Y之间的夹角θ值,纵坐标为液晶显示装置的穿透率。图3中的曲线分别为参考曲线、P=20um、P=15um、以及P=10um情况下的穿透率随θ角度变化曲线。通过调节液晶材料的P值以及主干电极和第二偏光片的偏光轴的关系,可有效减小像素之间暗纹区域的宽度,增加有效开口率,进而提升穿透率。
在其他实施例中,可保持主干电极与第二偏光片的偏光轴重合(θ角为零),通过调整不同筹内的枝干电极与主干电极之间的夹角φ,来实现穿透率的最大化。
如图4所示,十字架结构的两条主干电极111中,其中一条主干电极111的延伸方向与所述第二偏光片50的偏光轴Y重合,另一条主干电极的延伸方向与所述第一偏光片40的偏光轴X重合。
当所述主干电极111与所述偏光轴Y重合时,所述第一筹101内分支电极112与该条所述主干电极111之间的夹角为φ1,所述第二筹102内的分支电极112与该条主干电极111之间的夹角为φ2,所述第三筹103内的分支电极与该条主干电极之间的夹角为φ3,所述第四筹内的分支电极与该条主干电极之间的夹角为φ4,φ1和φ3相同,φ2和φ4相同。
当θ角为零,在穿透率最大情况下,液晶材料的螺距p与各个筹内的φ角度关系如下表2所示。
表2
P(um) φ1(°) φ2(°)
8≤P≤11 0≤φ1≤15 75≤φ2≤90
11≤P≤13.5 0≤φ1≤15 75≤φ2≤90
13.5≤P≤16 0≤φ1≤20 70≤φ2≤90
16≤P≤18.5 5≤φ1≤25 65≤φ2≤90
18.5≤P≤60 10≤φ1≤30 60≤φ2≤90
当主干电极与第二偏光片的偏光轴重合时,不同筹内的分支电极与主干电极之间的角度分别为0~30°和60~90°的组合,根据不同液晶材料的螺距P值,对应设计不同的φ角,从而使得穿透率最大化。在所述第一电极11实际设计过程中,为简化工艺,可保持φ1和φ2角度之和为90°。
各个所述分支电极112的宽度相同,相邻的分支电极112之间的间隙相同,所述主干电极111和所述分支电极112均为长条状结构,且材料均为氧化铟锡材料。
所述第一基板10为薄膜晶体管阵列基板,所述第二基板20为彩膜基板,所述第二基板20上还可设置用于实现彩色显示的彩色滤光层、防止漏光的黑色矩阵、以及提供盒厚的隔垫物,所述第一基板10和所述第二基板20可为玻璃基板也可为柔性基板。
所述第一电极11为像素电极,所述第二电极21为公共电极,所述第一基板10和所述第二基板20上还设置有配向层,将液晶注入两基板之间,液晶注入方式可为喷墨打印方式或其他方式,在液晶注入形成液晶盒后,对液晶进行PSVA处理,即加电进行紫外光照射,形成预倾角。
有益效果为:通过在液晶中加入手性剂,利用手性剂产生的螺旋扭曲力带动像素周边的液晶分子转动,从而缩小像素周边的暗纹区域,另外改变主干电极与分支电极角度或者偏光片的偏光轴与主干电极角度,使得液晶显示装置的穿透率最大化,进而实现高穿透率显示。
综上所述,虽然本发明已以优选实施例揭露如上,但上述优选实施例并非用以限制本发明,本领域的普通技术人员,在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内,均可作各种更动与润饰,因此本发明的保护范围以权利要求界定的范围为准。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种液晶显示装置,其包括:
    第一基板,具有第一电极;
    第二基板,与所述第一基板相对设置,所述第二基板具有第二电极;
    液晶层,夹设于所述第一基板和所述第二基板之间;
    第一偏光片,设置于所述第一基板背离所述液晶层的一侧;以及
    第二偏光片,设置于所述第二基板背离所述液晶层的一侧;其中,
    所述液晶层中的液晶掺杂有手性剂,所述液晶的螺距为8~60微米,所述液晶的有效光程差为300~550纳米;所述液晶层的厚度为2.5~4微米;所述第一电极包括至少一个主干电极和多个分支电极,所述主干电极限定出多个筹,不同筹内的所述分支电极自所述主干电极向不同方向延伸,同一筹内的所述分支电极平行排列。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的液晶显示装置,其中,每个筹内的所述分支电极与所述主干电极之间的夹角相同且为45度。
  3. 根据权要求2所述的液晶显示装置,其中,所述第二偏光片的偏光轴与所述主干电极之间的夹角为θ,当所述液晶的螺距为8~11微米时,θ为40~60度;当所述液晶的螺距为11~13.5微米时,θ为35~55度;当所述液晶的螺距为13.5~16微米时,θ为25~45度;当所述液晶的螺距为16~18.5微米时,θ为20~40度;当所述液晶的螺距为18.5~60微米时,θ为15~35度。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的液晶显示装置,其中,所述主干电极的延伸方向与所述第二偏光片的偏光轴重合。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的液晶显示装置,其中,所述主干电极将所述多个分支电极划分为第一筹、与所述第一筹相邻的第二筹、与第一筹呈对角区域的第三筹、以及与所述第二筹呈对角区域的第四筹。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的液晶显示装置,其中,所述第一筹内的所述分支电极以及所述第三筹内的所述分支电极与所述主干电极之间的夹角相同,所述第二筹内的所述分支电极以及所述第四筹内的所述分支电极与所述主干电极之间的夹角相同。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的液晶显示装置,其中,所述第一筹内的所述分支电极与所述主干电极之间的夹角为φ1,所述第二筹内的所述分支电极与所述主干电极之间的夹角为φ2,当所述液晶的螺距为8~13.5微米时,φ1为0~15度,φ2为75~90度;当所述液晶的螺距为13.5~16微米时,φ1为0~20度,φ2为70~90度;当所述液晶的螺距为16~18.5微米时,φ1为5~25度,φ2为65~90度;当所述液晶的螺距为18.5~60微米时,φ1为10~30度,φ2为60~90度。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的液晶显示装置,其中,所述液晶的螺距是所述液晶层厚度的2~10倍。
  9. 一种液晶显示装置,其包括:
    第一基板,具有第一电极;
    第二基板,与所述第一基板相对设置,所述第二基板具有第
    二电极;
    液晶层,夹设于所述第一基板和所述第二基板之间;
    第一偏光片,设置于所述第一基板背离所述液晶层的一侧;以及
    第二偏光片,设置于所述第二基板背离所述液晶层的一侧;其中,
    所述液晶层中的液晶掺杂有手性剂,所述液晶的螺距为8~60微米,所述液晶的有效光程差为300~550纳米。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的液晶显示装置,其中,所述第一电极包括至少一个主干电极和多个分支电极,所述主干电极限定出多个筹,不同筹内的所述分支电极自所述主干电极向不同方向延伸,同一筹内的所述分支电极平行排列。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的液晶显示装置,其中,每个筹内的所述分支电极与所述主干电极之间的夹角相同且为45度。
  12. 根据权要求11所述的液晶显示装置,其中,所述第二偏光片的偏光轴与所述主干电极之间的夹角为θ,当所述液晶的螺距为8~11微米时,θ为40~60度;当所述液晶的螺距为11~13.5微米时,θ为35~55度;当所述液晶的螺距为13.5~16微米时,θ为25~45度;当所述液晶的螺距为16~18.5微米时,θ为20~40度;当所述液晶的螺距为18.5~60微米时,θ为15~35度。
  13. 根据权利要求10所述的液晶显示装置,其中,所述主干电极的延伸方向与所述第二偏光片的偏光轴重合。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的液晶显示装置,其中,所述主干电极将所述多个分支电极划分为第一筹、与所述第一筹相邻的第二筹、与第一筹呈对角区域的第三筹、以及与所述第二筹呈对角区域的第四筹。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的液晶显示装置,其中,所述第一筹内的所述分支电极以及所述第三筹内的所述分支电极与所述主干电极之间的夹角相同,所述第二筹内的所述分支电极以及所述第四筹内的所述分支电极与所述主干电极之间的夹角相同。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的液晶显示装置,其中,所述第一筹内的所述分支电极与所述主干电极之间的夹角为φ1,所述第二筹内的所述分支电极与所述主干电极之间的夹角为φ2,当所述液晶的螺距为8~13.5微米时,φ1为0~15度,φ2为75~90度;当所述液晶的螺距为13.5~16微米时,φ1为0~20度,φ2为70~90度;当所述液晶的螺距为16~18.5微米时,φ1为5~25度,φ2为65~90度;当所述液晶的螺距为18.5~60微米时,φ1为10~30度,φ2为60~90度。
  17. 根据权利要求9所述的液晶显示装置,其中,所述液晶层的厚度为2.5~4微米。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的液晶显示装置,其中,所述液晶的螺距是所述液晶层厚度的2~10倍。
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