WO2021048973A1 - Circuit de protection contre les surintensités et circuit de commutation associé - Google Patents

Circuit de protection contre les surintensités et circuit de commutation associé Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021048973A1
WO2021048973A1 PCT/JP2019/035893 JP2019035893W WO2021048973A1 WO 2021048973 A1 WO2021048973 A1 WO 2021048973A1 JP 2019035893 W JP2019035893 W JP 2019035893W WO 2021048973 A1 WO2021048973 A1 WO 2021048973A1
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Prior art keywords
transistor
circuit
protection circuit
overcurrent protection
voltage
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PCT/JP2019/035893
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
聡 岩井
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オムロン株式会社
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by オムロン株式会社 filed Critical オムロン株式会社
Priority to PCT/JP2019/035893 priority Critical patent/WO2021048973A1/fr
Priority to EP19944776.4A priority patent/EP4030602A4/fr
Priority to JP2021545050A priority patent/JP7205636B2/ja
Priority to US17/637,910 priority patent/US20220278522A1/en
Priority to CN201980099664.9A priority patent/CN114303309A/zh
Publication of WO2021048973A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021048973A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/10—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers
    • H02H7/12—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/08—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage
    • H03K17/081—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage without feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit
    • H03K17/08104—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage without feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit in field-effect transistor switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/08—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage
    • H03K17/081—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage without feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit
    • H03K17/0812—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage without feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit by measures taken in the control circuit
    • H03K17/08122—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage without feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit by measures taken in the control circuit in field-effect transistor switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/51—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used
    • H03K17/56—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices
    • H03K17/687—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices the devices being field-effect transistors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
    • H02M7/5387—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an overcurrent protection circuit and a switching circuit.
  • the switching circuit is, for example, a switching circuit such as a step-up chopper circuit, a half-bridge inverter circuit, or a full-bridge inverter circuit.
  • Semiconductor devices generally have a short-circuit tolerance, and if a current exceeding the short-circuit tolerance flows, they may be destroyed.
  • Overcurrent protection of the semiconductor device can be performed by detecting the overcurrent flowing through the semiconductor device at high speed due to a short circuit and stopping the current flowing through the semiconductor device.
  • Patent Document 1 can change the setting level of the detection voltage for collector short-circuit detection at an arbitrary timing even when the DC voltage is high, low, or constant, and reliably protects the voltage drive element from overcurrent.
  • an overcurrent protection device for a power converter capable is provided.
  • the overcurrent protection device detects the voltage of a power conversion device having a voltage-driven power switching element and the input side main terminal of the power switching element, and the voltage exceeds a predetermined value.
  • the overcurrent detecting unit that gives an off signal to the power switching element and the overcurrent detecting unit can be connected in parallel at any timing so that the predetermined value can be changed. It has a setting unit.
  • the GaN device is a semiconductor device using gallium nitride GaN, and has a feature that it can be driven at a higher frequency than conventional semiconductor devices such as an insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) and a SiC device.
  • IGBT insulated gate bipolar transistor
  • GaN devices are more vulnerable to overcurrents than conventional semiconductor devices, and may be destroyed by overcurrents of, for example, about 100 nanoseconds. Therefore, conventional overcurrent protection techniques such as DESAT, CT detection or the techniques of Patent Document 1 cannot adequately protect GaN devices.
  • An object of the present invention is to solve the above problems and to provide an overcurrent protection circuit and a switching circuit capable of protecting a semiconductor switch from overcurrent at a higher speed than that of the prior art.
  • the overcurrent protection circuit is In an overcurrent protection circuit for protecting an overcurrent flowing through a switching element that is on / off controlled based on a drive signal,
  • a first transistor which is an N-channel FET having a drain connected to a control terminal of the switching element and a grounded source, An emitter connected to the control terminal of the switching element, a collector connected to the gate of the first transistor and grounded via a first capacitor, and a base pulled up to a predetermined pull-up voltage.
  • the second transistor which is a PNP type bipolar transistor, and A grounded circuit connected in parallel with the first capacitor is provided.
  • overcurrent protection circuit According to the overcurrent protection circuit according to the present invention, it is possible to protect a semiconductor device from overcurrent at a higher speed than in the prior art.
  • FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the structural example of the step-up chopper circuit 1 which concerns on Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the detailed configuration example of the current drive type switching circuit 10 of FIG.
  • FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the detailed configuration example of the current drive type switching circuit 10a which concerns on the modification of Embodiment 1.
  • It is a timing chart which shows the operation waveform of the signal and the like in the current drive type switching circuit 10 of FIG.
  • FIG. 4 It is the simulation result of the current drive type switching circuit 10A of FIG. 4, and is the timing chart which shows the operation waveform of the current and voltage. It is a block diagram which shows the structural example of the current drive type switching circuit 10B which concerns on Embodiment 3. 6 is a timing chart showing operation waveforms of signals and the like in the current-driven switching circuit 10B of FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the structural example of the current drive type switching circuit 10C which concerns on Embodiment 4.
  • FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the structural example of the half-bridge inverter circuit 1A which concerns on modification 1.
  • FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the structural example of the full bridge inverter circuit 1B which concerns on modification 2.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of the boost chopper circuit 1 according to the first embodiment.
  • the step-up chopper circuit 1 includes a current-driven switching circuit 10 having a semiconductor switch 14 which is a switching element, an inductor L1, a diode D1, and a capacitor C1.
  • the input voltage Vi is applied to the connection point between the anode of the diode D1 and the drain of the semiconductor switch 14 via the inductor L1.
  • the source of the semiconductor switch 14 is grounded.
  • the cathode of the diode D1 is connected to one end of the capacitor C1 that outputs the output voltage Vo, and the other end is grounded.
  • a switching drive signal for the step-up chopper (hereinafter referred to as a drive signal) is input to the gate of the semiconductor switch 14, and the semiconductor switch 14 is switched on or off.
  • the inductor L1 generates an electromotive force in a direction that hinders a change in current. Therefore, when the semiconductor switch 14 is switched from on to off, the inductor L1 generates an electromotive force in the same direction as the input voltage Vi so as to prevent the current from dropping due to the resistance of the diode D1. As a result, a voltage higher than the input voltage Vi is generated, and the voltage is smoothed by the capacitor C1 and converted into the output voltage Vo. Therefore, by periodically and selectively switching the semiconductor switch 14 on and off, the boost chopper circuit 1 converts the input voltage Vi into a DC output voltage Vo higher than the input voltage Vi and outputs the voltage Vi.
  • the current-driven switching circuit 10 of the boost chopper circuit 1 is destroyed by a drain current Id of an overcurrent of a predetermined value or more flowing between the drain and the source of the semiconductor switch 14, as will be described in detail later with reference to FIG. It is characterized in that the overcurrent protection circuit 11 is provided to turn off the semiconductor switch 14 and cut off the overcurrent by grounding the gate of the semiconductor switch 14 in order to protect the semiconductor switch 14 from being grounded.
  • FIG. 2A is a block diagram showing a detailed configuration example of the current-driven switching circuit 10 of FIG.
  • the current drive type switching circuit 10 includes an overcurrent protection circuit 11, a control unit 12, a drive unit 13, a semiconductor switch 14, and a resistor R1.
  • the overcurrent protection circuit 11 includes transistors Q1 and Q2, a pull-up resistor R2, a voltage detection circuit 15, a capacitor C11, and a resistor R11.
  • the overcurrent protection circuit 11 grounds the gate of the semiconductor switch 14 in order to protect the drain current Id of the overcurrent of a predetermined value or more from flowing between the drain and the source of the semiconductor switch 14 and being destroyed. By doing so, the semiconductor switch 14 is turned off and the overcurrent is cut off.
  • the control unit 12 controls the drive unit 13 with the drive signal Sdrv, which is a pulse signal. Further, the voltage detection circuit 15 monitors the input detection voltage Vgs1 and outputs a high-level abnormality detection signal Sa to the control unit 12 when the detection voltage Vgs1 becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined threshold value. In response to this, the control unit 12 fixes the drive signal Sdrv to a low level and stops the drive unit 13.
  • the base voltage of the transistor Q2 is Vocp.
  • the drive unit 13 applies a gate-source voltage Vgs14 to the gate of the semiconductor switch 14 via the resistor R1 based on the drive signal Sdrv from the control unit 12, and controls the semiconductor switch 14 on and off.
  • the semiconductor switch 14 is, for example, a switching element such as a GaN device, and is controlled on and off by the drive unit 13 to selectively switch whether or not the drain current Id is conducted.
  • the transistor Q1 is, for example, an N-channel FET.
  • the drain of the transistor Q1 is connected to the gate-source voltage Vgs14, the source of the transistor Q1 is grounded, and the gate of the transistor Q1 is connected to the collector of the transistor Q2.
  • the transistor Q2 is, for example, a PNP type bipolar transistor, the emitter of the transistor Q2 is connected to the gate-source voltage Vgs14, and the collector of the transistor Q2 is a time constant circuit 19 which is a parallel circuit of a capacitor C11 and a resistor R11. The base of the transistor Q2 is pulled up to the threshold voltage VTH via the pull-up resistor R2.
  • the time constant circuit 19 discharges the gate-source voltage Vgs of the transistor Q1 by the time constant in order to return the overcurrent protection circuit 11 from the protection operation to the steady operation after the drive signal Sdrv is stopped. It is provided in.
  • the threshold voltage VTH is an example of the "pull-up voltage” of the present invention
  • the resistor R11 is an example of the "grounded circuit” of the present invention.
  • both the transistors Q1 and Q2 are turned off, and here, the detection voltage Vgs1 is held at a predetermined voltage.
  • the transistor Q2 is turned on, and when the gate-source voltage Vgs14 exceeds the threshold voltage VTH due to the continuation of the short circuit, the transistor Q1 also turns on. It is turned on and the protection operation starts.
  • the voltage detection circuit 15 detects the detection voltage Vgs1 which is the gate-source voltage of the transistor Q1 and outputs a signal indicating the detection voltage Vgs1 to the control unit 12.
  • the protection operation is started and the detection voltage Vgs falls below the threshold voltage VTH, the transistor Q2 is turned off.
  • FIG. 3A is a timing chart showing an operation waveform of a signal or the like in the current-driven switching circuit 10 of FIG.
  • the current-driven switching circuit 10 starts operating at time t0, a short circuit occurs in the semiconductor switch 14 at time t1, and then the control unit 12 detects the short circuit at time t3.
  • the period from time t0 to t1 is referred to as a steady operation period
  • the period from time t1 to t2 is referred to as a protection operation period
  • the period from time t2 to t3 is referred to as a protection retention period
  • the period from time t3 to t5 is referred to as Vgs1. It is called an off period, and returns to the normal operation period from time t6.
  • the detection voltage Vgs1 is the threshold voltage VTH because no current flows through the pull-up resistor R2 except for the period in which the detection voltage Vgs1 overshoots (details will be described later). Since this threshold voltage VTH is set higher than the gate-source voltage Vgs14 supplied by the drive unit 13 when the drive signal Sdrv is at a high level, both the transistors Q1 and Q2 are always off during the steady operation period. Is.
  • the gate-source voltage of the semiconductor switch included in the semiconductor device overshoots (instantaneously rises). Also in this embodiment, at time t1 in FIG. 3A, the drain current Id flowing through the semiconductor switch 14 rises excessively, and the gate-source voltage Vgs14 of the semiconductor switch 14 rises sharply from the threshold voltage VTH. Is also a high value. As a result, the transistor Q2 is turned on, and therefore the transistor Q1 is also turned on.
  • the time from the occurrence of the short circuit at time t1 to the start of the protection operation of the overcurrent protection circuit 11 includes a delay in switching of the transistors Q1 and Q2, and is as short as about 20 to 100 nanoseconds, for example.
  • the protection holding function according to the present embodiment is performed by the time constant circuit 19 connected to the gate terminal of the transistor Q1.
  • the voltage detection circuit 15 outputs an H level abnormality detection signal Sa based on the detection voltage Vgs1 to the control unit 12. In response to this, the control unit 12 determines that the protection operation has been performed, and stops the output of the drive signal Sdrv (time t2). During the downtime Ph, the drive signal Sdrv is always at a low level and the semiconductor switch 14 is always left off.
  • the time constant circuit 19 When the abnormal state is resolved in the protected state (time t4), the time constant circuit 19 returns the overcurrent protection circuit 11 from the protection operation to the steady operation after the drive signal is stopped. By discharging the gate / source voltage Vgs of the transistor Q1, the transistor Q1 is turned off (time t5), and the steady operation is restored.
  • FIG. 3B is a simulation result of the current-driven switching circuit 10 of FIG. 1, and is a timing chart showing operating waveforms of current and voltage. As is clear from FIG. 3B, the gate-source voltage Vgs14 can be controlled without a large overshoot.
  • the overcurrent protection circuit 11 includes a pull-up resistor R2, a transistor Q1 which is an N-channel FET, a transistor Q2 which is a PNP type bipolar transistor, a voltage detection circuit 15, and a capacitor C11. It also includes a time constant circuit 19 including a resistor R11.
  • the transistors Q2 and Q1 are sequentially turned on.
  • the transistor Q1 instantly lowers the gate-source voltage Vgs14 to 0V, and starts a protection operation for turning off the semiconductor switch.
  • the control unit 12 stops the drive unit 13 and turns off the semiconductor switch 14 based on the abnormality detection signal Sa from the voltage detection circuit 15. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the overcurrent flowing through the semiconductor switch 14 can be stopped at a higher speed than in the prior art, and the semiconductor switch 14 can be protected.
  • FIG. 2B is a block diagram showing a detailed configuration example of the current-driven switching circuit 10a according to the modified example of the first embodiment.
  • the current-driven switching circuit 10a of FIG. 2B is provided with an overcurrent protection circuit 11a instead of the overcurrent protection circuit 11 of FIG. 2A, and the difference is that the resistor R2 is provided with a noise removing diode D2. .. It should be noted that this modification can be applied to other embodiments of the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of the current-driven switching circuit 10A according to the second embodiment.
  • the current-driven switching circuit 10A differs from the current-driven switching circuit 10 in the following points.
  • the overcurrent protection circuit 11A further includes a capacitor Ca connected to the base of the transistor Q2.
  • the power supply of the threshold voltage VTH charges the capacitor Ca to the threshold voltage VTH via the pull-up resistor R2.
  • FIG. 5 is a simulation result of the current-driven switching circuit 10A of FIG. 4, and is a timing chart showing operating waveforms of current and voltage. As is clear from FIG. 5, the threshold voltage Vocp can be controlled without a large temporary rise (101).
  • the overcurrent protection circuit 11A further includes a capacitor Ca in addition to the overcurrent protection circuit 11.
  • the temporary rise in the threshold voltage Vocp due to the rise of the gate-source voltage Vgs14 is made smaller than that of the overcurrent protection circuit 11 of FIG. 2A, and the delay at the start of the protection operation is made smaller than that of the overcurrent protection circuit 11. It can be reduced.
  • FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of the current-driven switching circuit 10B according to the third embodiment.
  • the current-driven switching circuit 10B differs from the current-driven switching circuit 10A of FIG. 4 in the following points.
  • the current-driven switching circuit 10B includes, for example, an N-channel MOSFET and a transistor 17 that operates as a grounded circuit instead of the resistor R11.
  • a return signal Sm from the control unit 12 is input to the gate of the transistor 17, the drain of the transistor 17 is connected to the gate of the transistor Q1, and the source of the transistor 17 is grounded.
  • the control unit 12 outputs a return signal Sm to the gate of the transistor 17 in order to restore the overcurrent protection circuit 11 from the protection operation to the steady operation.
  • the gate-source voltage Vgs1 of the transistor Q1 is discharged.
  • FIG. 7 is a timing chart showing an example of an operation waveform of a signal or the like in the current-driven switching circuit 10B of FIG.
  • the current-driven switching circuit 10B differs from the operation of the current-driven switching circuit 10A in FIG. 4 in the following.
  • (1) When a short circuit occurs at time t1, the gate voltage of the transistor Q1 rises and the protection operation is started.
  • the control unit 12 detects the abnormal state from the voltage detection circuit 15 based on the abnormality detection signal Sa, when the abnormality detection signal Sa drops to a low level, it is determined that the abnormal state has been resolved ( Time t11), and after a predetermined time period (time t4), the return signal Sm is output to the gate of the transistor 17.
  • the transistor 17 is turned on, and the gate-source voltage Vgs of the transistor Q1 is discharged, so that the transistor Q1 is turned off and the semiconductor switch 14 returns from the protected state to the steady state.
  • the current drive type switching circuit 10B includes the transistor 17.
  • the control unit 12 outputs a return signal Sm to the gate of the transistor 17 after a predetermined time period (time t4) after determining that the abnormal state has been resolved (time t11).
  • time t4 a predetermined time period
  • the transistor 17 is turned on, and the gate-source voltage Vgs of the transistor Q1 is discharged, so that the transistor Q1 is turned off and the semiconductor switch 14 returns from the protected state to the steady state.
  • FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of the current-driven switching circuit 10C according to the fourth embodiment.
  • the current-driven switching circuit 10C differs from the current-driven switching circuit 10B of FIG. 6 in the following points.
  • a transistor 17a which is an NPN type bipolar transistor is provided.
  • a transistor driving unit 16 is provided between the control unit 12 and the gate of the transistor 17a.
  • control unit 12 controls the transistor 17a on and off by controlling the base current Itr of the transistor 17a via the transistor drive unit 16.
  • the step-up chopper circuit 1 has been described as a semiconductor device including the current-driven switching circuits 10, 10A to 10C according to the present invention.
  • the present invention is not limited to this, and can be used for circuits and devices for switching and controlling current with a semiconductor switch.
  • FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of the half-bridge inverter circuit 1A according to the first modification.
  • the half-bridge inverter circuit 1A includes an inductor L2, two current-driven switching circuits 10, and a capacitor C2.
  • the semiconductor switches 14 of the two current-driven switching circuits 10 are controlled to be turned on alternately periodically.
  • the input voltage Vi is switched, smoothed by the capacitor C2, and converted into an AC output voltage Vo.
  • the half-bridge inverter circuit 1A switches the DC input voltage Vi, converts it into an AC output voltage Vo, and outputs it.
  • the two current-driven switching circuits 10 may be replaced by any one of the current-driven switching circuits 10A to 10C, respectively.
  • FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of the full bridge inverter circuit 1B according to the second modification.
  • the full-bridge inverter circuit 1B includes a capacitor C3, four current-driven switching circuits 10, and inductors L3 and L4.
  • the first and fourth current-driven switching circuits 10 (upper left and lower right in the figure) are on, and the second and third current-driven switching circuits are switched.
  • the period during which the circuit 10 (lower left and upper right in the figure) is off and the period during which these on / off are reversed are controlled so as to appear alternately periodically.
  • the input voltage Vi is switched, and the switched input voltage Vi is smoothed by the capacitors C3 and the inductors L3 and L4.
  • the full-bridge inverter circuit 1B switches the DC input voltage Vi, converts it into an AC output voltage Vo, and outputs it.
  • the four current-driven switching circuits 10 may be replaced by any one of the current-driven switching circuits 10A to 10C, respectively.
  • the current drive type switching circuit and the overcurrent protection circuit according to the present invention can be used for circuits and devices for switching and controlling current in semiconductor devices.
  • the pull-up resistor R2 is used as a means for limiting the current from the power source of the threshold voltage VTH.
  • the present invention is not limited to this, and a diode or the like may be used instead of the pull-up resistor R2.
  • the current control type switching circuits 10, 10A to 10C are used as the switching circuit.
  • the present invention is not limited to this, and a voltage-driven switching circuit may be used instead of the current-driven switching circuit.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
  • Power Conversion In General (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un circuit de protection contre les surintensités, destiné à assurer une protection contre une surintensité circulant à travers un élément de commutation dont l'état de marche-arrêt est commandé en fonction d'un signal de commande, ledit circuit comprenant : un premier transistor qui est un transistor à effet de champ (TEC) à canal N comportant un drain raccordé à une borne de commande de l'élément de commutation et une source mise à la terre ; un deuxième transistor qui est un transistor bipolaire de type PNP comportant un émetteur raccordé à la borne de commande de l'élément de commutation, un collecteur raccordé à une grille du premier transistor et mis à la terre par l'intermédiaire d'un premier condensateur, et une base hissée jusqu'à une tension d'excursion haute prédéterminée ; ainsi qu'un circuit de mise à la terre raccordé en parallèle au premier condensateur.
PCT/JP2019/035893 2019-09-12 2019-09-12 Circuit de protection contre les surintensités et circuit de commutation associé WO2021048973A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/JP2019/035893 WO2021048973A1 (fr) 2019-09-12 2019-09-12 Circuit de protection contre les surintensités et circuit de commutation associé
EP19944776.4A EP4030602A4 (fr) 2019-09-12 2019-09-12 Circuit de protection contre les surintensités et circuit de commutation associé
JP2021545050A JP7205636B2 (ja) 2019-09-12 2019-09-12 過電流保護回路及びスイッチング回路
US17/637,910 US20220278522A1 (en) 2019-09-12 2019-09-12 Overcurrent protection circuit for protecting overcurrent flowing through switching element and switching circuit with the overcurent protection circuit
CN201980099664.9A CN114303309A (zh) 2019-09-12 2019-09-12 过流保护电路及开关电路

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/JP2019/035893 WO2021048973A1 (fr) 2019-09-12 2019-09-12 Circuit de protection contre les surintensités et circuit de commutation associé

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WO2021048973A1 true WO2021048973A1 (fr) 2021-03-18

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US (1) US20220278522A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP4030602A4 (fr)
JP (1) JP7205636B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN114303309A (fr)
WO (1) WO2021048973A1 (fr)

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CN110888085A (zh) * 2019-11-29 2020-03-17 华为数字技术（苏州）有限公司 逆变器短路检测方法、装置及逆变器
JP7547874B2 (ja) * 2020-09-01 2024-09-10 オムロン株式会社 過電流保護回路及びスイッチング回路

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN114303309A (zh) 2022-04-08
JPWO2021048973A1 (fr) 2021-03-18
EP4030602A4 (fr) 2023-05-10
EP4030602A1 (fr) 2022-07-20
JP7205636B2 (ja) 2023-01-17
US20220278522A1 (en) 2022-09-01

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