WO2021022948A1 - 一种振动板以及发声装置 - Google Patents

一种振动板以及发声装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021022948A1
WO2021022948A1 PCT/CN2020/099449 CN2020099449W WO2021022948A1 WO 2021022948 A1 WO2021022948 A1 WO 2021022948A1 CN 2020099449 W CN2020099449 W CN 2020099449W WO 2021022948 A1 WO2021022948 A1 WO 2021022948A1
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Prior art keywords
carbon fiber
vibration plate
vibration
layer
resin
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PCT/CN2020/099449
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李美玲
凌风光
李春
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歌尔股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2021022948A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021022948A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
    • B32B3/26—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
    • B32B3/30—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer characterised by a layer formed with recesses or projections, e.g. hollows, grooves, protuberances, ribs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/02—Composition of the impregnated, bonded or embedded layer
    • B32B2260/021—Fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/04—Impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/046—Synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/106—Carbon fibres, e.g. graphite fibres

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of electro-acoustic conversion, and more specifically, to a vibration plate and a sound generating device.
  • Carbon fiber itself has the advantage of high specific modulus, so it is widely used in aerospace and other fields. In recent years, carbon fiber has been gradually applied in the acoustic field to improve the rigidity of speakers and enhance the high-frequency performance of speakers.
  • the carbon fiber material used as the speaker is a unidirectional fiber prepreg. This material has obvious orientation. Due to the reduced strength in a certain direction during processing and use, edge cracks are prone to occur in this direction, and loudspeakers usually produce noise and other phenomena.
  • the present invention provides a vibrating plate and a sound device that are light in weight and can solve the problems of the prior art.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a vibration plate and a sound generating device.
  • a vibrating plate including at least one layer of carbon fiber, the carbon fiber layer is made of long fibers and resin infiltration and mixing, the resin is added with carbon fiber powder, the resin The mass content of carbon fiber powder is 5%-25%, and the mass content of medium and long fibers of the carbon fiber layer is 40%-75%.
  • the carbon fiber powder is a long cylindrical particle obtained by surface treatment, process grinding, microscopic screening, and high-temperature drying of the long fiber.
  • the carbon fiber powder has a diameter in the range of 4-7 ⁇ m, a length in the range of 0.01-12 mm, and a specific surface area greater than 0.321663 m 2 /g.
  • the strength of the long fiber ranges from T300 to T1000, and the modulus of the long fiber ranges from M30 to M60.
  • a surface treatment agent and a dispersant are added to the carbon fiber powder;
  • ultrasonic treatment is performed on the carbon fiber powder.
  • the surface treatment agent uses at least one of a silane coupling agent and a plasma treatment agent
  • the dispersant uses methyl cellulose (MC), sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), hydroxyethyl At least one of cellulose (HEC).
  • the vibration plate is a single-layer vibration plate
  • the single-layer vibration plate includes a layer of carbon fiber
  • the thickness of the single-layer vibration plate ranges from 0.05 mm to 0.3 mm.
  • the vibration plate is a composite vibration plate, the composite vibration plate includes multiple carbon fiber layers, and the thickness of the composite vibration plate is 0.01-0.5 mm.
  • the vibrating plate further includes an intermediate layer, the intermediate layer is disposed between the carbon fiber layers, and the thickness of the intermediate layer ranges from 0.05 to 0.4 mm.
  • the intermediate layer is made of foam material or engineering plastic, and the foam is made of at least one of PMI foam material, PI foam material, and polyester foam material.
  • the vibrating plate is formed at one time using a hot pressing process, the vibrating plate has a flat plate structure, or the vibrating plate has a convex structure or a concave structure.
  • a sound generating device which includes a vibration system and a magnetic circuit system that cooperates with the vibration system.
  • the vibration system includes a vibration diaphragm and the above-mentioned vibration plate. Connect with the vibrating plate by bonding.
  • the inventor of the present invention found that in order to improve the structure of the unidirectional carbon fiber vibration plate, the prior art adopts a method of adding a symmetrical layer on the vibration plate.
  • adding a symmetrical layer will increase the overall mass of the vibrating plate, which will result in a decrease in the modulus-density ratio.
  • Those skilled in the art are not aware that applying such a vibration plate to a speaker will reduce the sensitivity and high-frequency FR of the speaker, resulting in reduced acoustic performance. Therefore, the technical task to be achieved or the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is never thought of or unexpected by those skilled in the art, so the present invention is a new technical solution.
  • the carbon fiber layer of the present invention is made of long fibers and resin infiltration and mixing.
  • the resin is added with carbon fiber powder.
  • the present invention realizes the strength of the vibration plate in all directions. Reinforce or strengthen the local strength of the vibrating plate to improve the strength of the vibrating plate.
  • Figure 1 shows the relationship between the mass content of carbon fiber powder and the tensile strength of the resin of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows the THD curve of the carbon fiber vibration plate in the prior art and the improved carbon fiber vibration plate of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 shows the RB curve diagram of the carbon fiber vibration plate in the prior art and the improved carbon fiber vibration plate of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 shows the amplitude cloud diagram of the vibrating plate before and after the improvement at a high frequency of 10k.
  • a vibrating plate includes at least one layer of carbon fiber, the carbon fiber layer is made of long fibers and resin infiltration and mixing, the resin is added with carbon fiber powder, so The mass content of carbon fiber powder in the resin is 5%-25%, and the mass content of long fibers in the carbon fiber layer is 40%-75%.
  • the vibration plate is a single-layer vibration plate.
  • the single-layer vibration plate includes a layer of carbon fiber, and the thickness of the single-layer vibration plate ranges from 0.05 mm to 0.3 mm. The inventor found that the thickness of the vibrating plate is within this range.
  • the vibrating plate is not only light in weight, but also under the action of driving force, the vibration frequency of each position of the vibrating plate is consistent. When applied to a sound device, the vibrating plate has It can fully withstand the intensity of sound pressure. During the vibration of the diaphragm, the vibration consistency between the diaphragm and the diaphragm is good, and the acoustic performance of the sound device is excellent.
  • the vibration plate is a composite vibration plate, the composite vibration plate includes multiple carbon fiber layers, and the thickness of the composite vibration plate is 0.01-0.5 mm.
  • the vibrating diaphragm and the vibrating plate are bonded together to vibrate, the vibrating space in the sounding device is made larger, and the listening effect of the sounding device will be better.
  • the vibrating plate further includes an intermediate layer, the intermediate layer is disposed between the carbon fiber layers, and the thickness of the intermediate layer ranges from 0.05 to 0.4 mm.
  • the intermediate layer and the carbon fiber layer are connected by bonding or the like.
  • the intermediate layer is made of foam material or engineering plastic, and the foam is made of at least one of PMI foam material, PI foam material, and polyester foam material.
  • the long fibers are infiltrated and mixed with resin to form the carbon fiber layer, and carbon fiber powder is added to the resin.
  • the long fiber is a unidirectional carbon fiber
  • the strength of the long fiber is in the range of T300-T1000
  • the modulus of the long fiber is in the range of M30-M60.
  • the resin is epoxy resin
  • carbon fiber powder is added to the epoxy resin.
  • the epoxy resin has strong adhesion, outstanding dimensional stability and durability, and good chemical properties; the carbon fiber powder retains the excellent properties of carbon fiber, and has a small shape, a pure surface, a large specific surface area, and is easy to be wetted by the resin Evenly dispersed, it can be well compatible with resin.
  • the carbon fiber powder has high strength and light weight.
  • the long fibers are infiltrated in the resin to form a carbon fiber layer;
  • the carbon fiber layer is light in weight and has strong acid and alkali resistance; when the carbon fiber layer is formed by hot pressing
  • the vibration plate has light weight and strong chemical resistance; when the vibration plate is applied to a sound device, the vibration plate has light weight, moderate rigidity, and has a certain degree of flexibility, which can play a good support Function, the vibration consistency of the diaphragm and the vibration plate is good, the high-frequency sound quality of the sound device is improved, and the acoustic performance of the sound device is good.
  • the mass content of carbon fiber powder in the resin is 5%-25%, that is, the mass content of the carbon fiber powder accounts for 5%-25% of the total mass of the resin.
  • the content of carbon fiber powder in the resin is low, the addition of a small amount of carbon fiber powder will cause defects such as bubbles in the resin, so that long fibers are infiltrated in the resin, and the surface of the formed carbon fiber layer is rough.
  • the carbon fiber layer is formed by hot pressing
  • the vibrating plate is formed, the surface of the vibrating plate is rough, and the quality and density are uneven; when the vibrating plate is applied to a sound generating device, the vibrating membrane will be uneven in quality and density due to the rough surface of the vibrating plate during the vibration process.
  • the vibration consistency between the diaphragm and the diaphragm cannot be guaranteed, and the diaphragm is prone to polarization during the vibration process, causing the acoustic performance of the sound device to be lost;
  • the carbon fiber powder content is higher than 25%, the resin viscosity is relatively large.
  • the wettability of the resin and the long fibers becomes poor, the resin cannot be better compatible with the long fibers, the tensile strength of the resin is reduced, and the tensile strength of the formed carbon fiber layer is reduced and the texture is uneven, perpendicular to the direction of the long fibers. The strength is inconsistent.
  • the texture of the vibrating plate is uneven, making the wear resistance and overall strength of the vibrating plate uneven.
  • the vibrating plate is applied to a sound generating device
  • the diaphragm is vibrating, due to the uneven texture of the diaphragm, the vibration consistency between the diaphragm and the diaphragm is poor, and the FR high frequency and acoustic performance of the sound device are reduced.
  • the mass content of the long fibers in the carbon fiber layer is 40%-75%.
  • the carbon fiber layer has a poor molding effect along the length direction of the long fibers.
  • the strength of the carbon fiber layer is reduced, and the quality and strength of the carbon fiber layer are reduced; when the content of long fibers is high, the strength of the carbon fiber layer is not uniform, and the carbon fiber layer is made of a vibration plate, which makes the wear resistance and overall The intensity is not uniform.
  • the vibration plate is applied to the sound generating device, the vibration consistency of the vibration film and the vibration plate is poor due to the uneven texture of the vibration film during the vibration process.
  • the carbon fiber powder is treated with a surface treatment agent and a dispersant, and/or the carbon fiber powder is treated with ultrasonic waves.
  • the surface treatment agent uses at least one of a silane coupling agent and a plasma treatment agent; the dispersant uses methyl cellulose (MC), sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), hydroxyethyl cellulose ( At least one of HEC).
  • MC methyl cellulose
  • CMC sodium carboxymethyl cellulose
  • HEC hydroxyethyl cellulose
  • the surface treatment agent introduces polar groups into the surface of the carbon fiber powder, so that the carbon fiber powder can be better compatible with the resin.
  • the dispersant can well break the agglomeration of carbon fiber powder and better disperse the carbon fiber powder in the resin.
  • the ultrasonic treatment is to disperse the carbon fiber powder through vibration to make it more compatible with the resin.
  • a side feeding method can also be used. Specifically, a feeder is used to uniformly add carbon fiber powder to the resin, so that the carbon fiber powder and the resin are more compatible.
  • carbon fiber powder may be added during the curing of the resin to form a film or before the resin is cured, carbon fiber powder may be added to the resin to make the carbon fiber powder compatible with the resin.
  • Figure 1 shows the relationship between the mass content of carbon fiber powder and the tensile strength of the resin.
  • Tensile strength the material's ability to resist permanent deformation and destruction under external force.
  • the abscissa is the carbon fiber content (%), and the ordinate is the tensile strength (MPa).
  • MPa tensile strength
  • the tensile strength of the resin increases relative to the strength of the resin itself.
  • the tensile strength of the resin increases, the tensile strength of the carbon fiber layer formed by long fibers and resin infiltration increases.
  • the vibration plate When the carbon fiber layer is hot-pressed and formed into a vibration plate, the vibration plate has high tensile strength and strong resistance to permanent deformation and damage.
  • the vibration plate is applied to a sound device, and the vibration film is bonded and connected to the vibration plate. During the vibration process of the diaphragm, the vibration consistency of the diaphragm and the diaphragm is better, and the acoustic performance of the sound device is good.
  • the diaphragm and the diaphragm are bonded and connected, specifically, the diaphragm and the diaphragm are bonded by glue or tape, and the diaphragm is made of engineering plastics (such as peek, par, etc.), elastomer materials (E.g. tpu, tpee, silicone rubber, etc.), film (e.g. acrylate glue, silicone glue, etc.), a composite of one or more materials; the diaphragm thickness is between 0.01mm-0.5mm, In this thickness range, the sensitivity of the diaphragm of the sound generating device is higher. Under the condition of applying the same driving force, the diaphragm produces a larger amplitude and a higher corresponding speed. Further, the vibration space of the diaphragm is larger.
  • engineering plastics such as peek, par, etc.
  • elastomer materials E.g. tpu, tpee, silicone rubber, etc.
  • film e.g. acrylate glue
  • the carbon fiber powder is equal-length cylindrical particles obtained by surface treatment, process grinding, microscopic screening, and high-temperature drying of long fibers.
  • the carbon fiber powder has a diameter in the range of 4-7 ⁇ m and a length in the range of 0.01 -12mm, the specific surface area is greater than 0.321663m 2 /g.
  • Specific surface area the total area of the material per unit mass.
  • the specific surface area of the carbon fiber powder in the present invention is the total surface area of the carbon fiber powder per unit mass.
  • the specific surface area of the carbon fiber powder of the present invention is greater than 0.321663 m 2 /g, and the carbon fiber powder can be well compatible with the resin without affecting the infiltration of the resin and the long fiber. At the same time, the carbon fiber powder can well improve the hardness, crack resistance, abrasion resistance and dimensional stability of the resin; the carbon fiber powder also overcomes the joint defects caused by the unfolding of long fibers, and improves the edge cracking of the long fibers.
  • the overall strength and hardness of the carbon fiber layer are improved, the rigidity is good, and the wear resistance is improved.
  • the carbon fiber layer is hot-pressed and formed into a vibrating plate, the strength perpendicular to the direction of the long fibers is strengthened, and the strength of the carbon fiber layer in all directions is also enhanced.
  • the wear resistance and rigidity of the vibrating plate are improved; The uniformity is improved.
  • the application of the vibration plate to the sound generating device improves the high frequency FR of the sound generating device, reduces the THD (total harmonic distortion) and RB (noise ratio), and significantly reduces the polarization in the high frequency vibration process.
  • Fig. 2 shows the THD (Total Harmonic Distortion) curve diagram of the carbon fiber diaphragm in the prior art and the diaphragm of the present invention.
  • the abscissa is the frequency (Hz)
  • the ordinate is the total harmonic distortion (%)
  • the solid line is the THD curve of the carbon fiber diaphragm in the prior art
  • the dotted line is the THD curve of the diaphragm of the present invention .
  • the THD curve of the vibrating plate of the present invention is relatively lower, and there is no spike and trough phenomenon in the prior art carbon fiber vibrating plate.
  • the vibration plate of the present invention is applied to sound production. In the device, the sound quality of the sound generating device is good at high frequencies, and there is no harsh sound or the phenomenon of high and low sound.
  • Fig. 4 shows the amplitude cloud diagram of the vibration plate in the prior art and the vibration plate of the present invention at a high frequency of 10k.
  • the first picture is the amplitude cloud picture of the carbon fiber vibrating plate in the prior art at high frequency 10k
  • the second picture is the amplitude cloud picture of the vibrating plate of the present invention at high frequency 10k. It can be seen from Fig. 4 When the vibration plate of the present invention vibrates in the high-frequency 10k region, the vibration amplitude of the vibration plate still exists and the vibration consistency is still good. There is no inconsistency in the upper and lower vibration amplitudes as shown in the first picture, and the amplitude is obviously in a disordered state.
  • Figure 3 shows the RB (noise ratio) curve diagram of the prior art carbon fiber vibration plate and the vibration plate of the present invention.
  • the abscissa is frequency (Hz)
  • the ordinate is RB (%)
  • the solid line It is the RB curve diagram of the carbon fiber vibration plate in the prior art
  • the dotted line is the RB curve diagram of the vibration plate of the present invention.
  • the RB curve of the vibration plate of the present invention is relatively lower, indicating that the vibration plate of the present invention generates less noise during the vibration process, and effectively improves the listening yield.
  • the vibrating plate is formed at one time using a hot pressing process, the vibrating plate has a flat plate structure, or the vibrating plate has a convex structure or a concave structure.
  • the long fiber direction of the carbon fiber layer is perpendicular to the long axis of the vibration plate, which can improve the overall strength of the vibration plate.
  • the vibration plate is suitable for SPK and RCV structures.
  • a sound generating device which includes a vibration system and a magnetic circuit system cooperating with the vibration system.
  • the vibration system includes a diaphragm and the above-mentioned vibration plate.
  • the membrane and the vibration plate are connected by bonding.
  • the sound generating device has good high-frequency sound quality while reducing THD and RB and improving its acoustic performance.

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  • Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)

Abstract

一种振动板，包括至少一层碳纤维层，所述碳纤维层采用长纤维和树脂浸润混合制成，所述树脂中添加有碳纤维粉，所述树脂中的碳纤维粉的质量含量为5％-25％，所述碳纤维层中的长纤维的质量含量为40％-75％。

Description

一种振动板以及发声装置 技术领域
本发明涉及电声转换领域，更具体地，涉及一种振动板以及发声装置。
背景技术
碳纤维其本身具有高比模量的优势，因此被广泛应用于航空航天等领域，近年来，碳纤维逐渐应用在声学领域，用于提升扬声器的刚性和提升扬声器的高频性能。
由于声学领域的产品对质量的限制，要求质量轻，结构小巧，因此用作扬声器的碳纤维材料是单向纤维的预浸料。这种材料具有明显的取向性，在加工使用过程中由于某一方向的强度降低，在此方向上容易产生边缘裂纹，制作成扬声器通常会产生杂音等现象。
现有技术中是通过增加对称铺层解决该问题，即采用多个单向纤维的预浸料不同方向排布进行压制，但是增加铺层会使扬声器整体质量增加，模量密度比降低，扬声器的灵敏度及FR高频都会降低。
因此为了解决上述出现的技术问题，本发明提供了一种质量轻又能够解决现有技术问题的振动板和发声装置。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的是提供一种振动板以及发声装置。
根据本发明的第一方面，提供了一种振动板，包括至少一层碳纤维层，所述碳纤维层采用长纤维和树脂浸润混合制成，所述树脂中添加有碳纤维粉，所述树脂中的碳纤维粉的质量含量为5％-25％，所述碳纤维层的中长纤维的质量含量为40％-75％。
可选地，所述碳纤维粉为采用所述长纤维经表面处理、工艺研磨、显微甄别、高温烘干后制得的长圆柱形微粒。
可选地，所述碳纤维粉直径范围为4-7μm，长度范围为0.01-12mm，比表面积大于0.321663m 2/g。
可选地，所述长纤维的强度范围为T300-T1000，所述长纤维的模量范围为M30-M60。
可选地，所述碳纤维粉中添加有表面处理剂和分散剂；
和/或，对所述碳纤维粉进行超声波处理。
可选地，所述表面处理剂采用硅烷类偶联剂和等离子处理剂中的至少一种，所述分散剂采用甲基纤维素(MC)、羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC)、羟乙基纤维素(HEC)中的至少一种。
可选地，所述振动板为单层振动板，所述单层振动板包括一层碳纤维层，所述单层振动板的厚度范围为0.05mm-0.3mm。
可选地，所述振动板为复合振动板，所述复合振动板包括多层碳纤维层，所述复合振动板的厚度0.01-0.5mm。
可选地，所述振动板还包括中间层，所述中间层设置于所述碳纤维层之间，所述中间层的厚度范围为0.05-0.4mm。
可选地，所述中间层采用发泡体材料或工程塑料，所述发泡体采用PMI发泡材料，PI发泡材料，聚酯类发泡材料中的至少一种。
可选地，所述振动板采用热压工艺一次成型，所述振动板为平板结构，或所述振动板具有凸起结构或凹陷结构。
根据本发明的另一方面，提供了一种发声装置，包括振动系统和与所述振动系统相互配合的磁路系统，所述振动系统包括振膜和上述所述的振动板，所述振膜与振动板通过粘接方式连接。
本发明的发明人发现，为了改善单向碳纤维振动板的结构，现有技术采用的方式是在振动板上增加对称铺层。但是，增加对称铺层会使振动板的整体质量增加，进而造成模量密度比降低。本领域技术人员并未意识到，将这种振动板应用到扬声器中，扬声器的灵敏度及高频FR都会降低，造成声学性能降低。因此，本发明所要实现的技术任务或者所要解决的技术问题是本领域技术人员从未想到的或者没有预期到的，故本发明是一种新的技术方案。
本发明的有益效果：本发明与现有技术相比，本发明碳纤维层采用长 纤维和树脂浸润混合制成，所述树脂中添加有碳纤维粉，本发明实现了对振动板各个方向的强度进行补强或对振动板的局部强度进行补强，提高了振动板的强度。
通过以下参照附图对本发明的示例性实施例的详细描述，本发明的其它特征及其优点将会变得清楚。
附图说明
被结合在说明书中并构成说明书的一部分的附图示出了本发明的实施例，并且连同其说明一起用于解释本发明的原理。
图1所示为本发明碳纤维粉的质量含量与树脂拉伸强度的关系图。
图2所示为现有技术中碳纤维振动板和本发明改善碳纤维振动板的THD曲线图。
图3所示为现有技术中碳纤维振动板和本发明改善碳纤维振动板的RB曲线图。
图4所示为改善前后的振动板在高频10k的振幅云图。
具体实施方式
现在将参照附图来详细描述本发明的各种示例性实施例。应注意到：除非另外具体说明，否则在这些实施例中阐述的部件和步骤的相对布置、数字表达式和数值不限制本发明的范围。
以下对至少一个示例性实施例的描述实际上仅仅是说明性的，决不作为对本发明及其应用或使用的任何限制。
对于相关领域普通技术人员已知的技术、方法和设备可能不作详细讨论，但在适当情况下，所述技术、方法和设备应当被视为说明书的一部分。
在这里示出和讨论的所有例子中，任何具体值应被解释为仅仅是示例性的，而不是作为限制。因此，示例性实施例的其它例子可以具有不同的值。
应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步 讨论。
根据本发明的一个实施例，提供了一种振动板，所述振动板包括至少一层碳纤维层，所述碳纤维层采用长纤维和树脂浸润混合制成，所述树脂中添加有碳纤维粉，所述树脂的中碳纤维粉的质量含量为5％-25％，所述碳纤维层中的长纤维的质量含量为40％-75％。
可选地，所述振动板为单层振动板，具体的，单层振动板包括一层碳纤维层，所述单层振动板的厚度范围为0.05mm-0.3mm。本发明人发现，所述振动板的厚度在此范围内，振动板不仅质量轻，而且在驱动力的作用下，振动板各个位置的振动频率一致，当应用到发声装置中时，振动板具有能够充分承受声压的强度，振膜在振动过程中，振膜与振动板的振动一致性良好，发声装置的声学性能优良。
可选地，所述振动板为复合振动板，所述复合振动板包括多层碳纤维层，所述复合振动板的厚度0.01-0.5mm。本发明人发现，所述振动板的厚度在此范围内，振动板不仅质量轻，而且在驱动力的作用下，振动板各个位置的振动频率一致，同时振动板振动的幅度会更大，当制作成发声装置，振膜与振动板粘接在一起进行振动时，使发声装置内的振动空间余量更大，发声装置的听音效果会更好。
可选地，所述振动板还包括中间层，所述中间层设置于所述碳纤维层之间，所述中间层的厚度范围为0.05-0.4mm。所述中间层与碳纤维层采用粘接等方式连接。
可选地，所述中间层采用发泡体材料或工程塑料，所述发泡体采用PMI发泡材料，PI发泡材料，聚酯类发泡材料中的至少一种。
根据本发明的一个实施例，将所述长纤维与树脂浸润混合在一起制成所述碳纤维层，所述树脂中添加有碳纤维粉。
可选地，所述长纤维为单向碳纤维，所述长纤维的强度范围为T300-T1000，所述长纤维的模量范围为M30-M60。
具体地，所述树脂为环氧树脂，在环氧树脂中添加碳纤维粉。环氧树脂粘接性强，具有突出的尺寸稳定性和耐久性，良好的化学性能；所述碳纤维粉保留了碳纤维的优良性能，并且形状细小、表面纯净、比表面积大，易 于被树脂润湿均匀分散，能够与树脂很好的相容。同时碳纤维粉强度大，质量轻，所述长纤维浸润在所述树脂中，形成碳纤维层；所述碳纤维层质量轻，耐酸性和耐碱性能力强；当所述碳纤维层热压成型制作成振动板时，所述振动板的质量轻，耐化学性能强；当所述振动板应用到发声装置中，振动板的质量轻，刚性适中，且具有一定的柔韧性，能够起到良好的支撑作用，振膜与振动板的振动的一致性好，提升了发声装置的高频音质，发声装置的声学性能好。
所述树脂中碳纤维粉的质量含量为5％-25％，即所述碳纤维粉质量含量占所述树脂总质量的5％-25％。当碳纤维粉在树脂中含量较低时，由于加入少量碳纤维粉会导致树脂产生气泡等缺陷，使得长纤维浸润在所述树脂中，形成的碳纤维层表面粗糙，当所述碳纤维层热压成型制作成振动板时，所述振动板的表面粗糙，质量与密度不均匀；当所述振动板应用到发声装置中，振膜在振动过程中，由于振动板的表面粗糙，质量与密度不均匀，使得振膜与振动板的振动一致性得不到保证，振膜在振动过程中容易发生偏振，造成发声装置的声学性能有所损失；当碳纤维粉含量高于25％时，树脂黏度较大，导致树脂与长纤维的浸润性变差，树脂不能够与长纤维更好的相容，树脂的拉伸强度降低，形成的碳纤维层的拉伸强度降低且质地不均匀，垂直于长纤维方向的强度不一致，当所述碳纤维层热压成型制作成振动板时，所述振动板的的质地不均匀，使得振动板的耐磨性和整体强度不均匀，当所述振动板应用到发声装置中时，振膜在振动过程中，由于振动板的的质地不均匀，使得振膜与振动板的振动一致性较差，发声装置的FR高频和声学性能降低。
所述碳纤维层中的长纤维的质量含量为40％-75％，当所述长纤维的含量较低时，碳纤维层在沿所述长纤维长度方向上的成型效果差，长纤维长度方向上的强度降低，所述碳纤维层的质量和强度降低；当所述长纤维的含量较高时，碳纤维层的强度不均匀，所述碳纤维层制成振动板，使得振动板的耐磨性和整体强度不均匀，当所述振动板应用到发声装置中时，振膜在振动过程中，由于振动板的的质地不均匀，使得振膜与振动板的振动一致性较差。
可选地，所述碳纤维粉进行表面处理剂和分散剂处理，和/或对碳纤维粉进行超声波处理。
所述表面处理剂采用硅烷类偶联剂，等离子处理剂中的至少一种；所述分散剂采用甲基纤维素(MC)、羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC)、羟乙基纤维素(HEC)中的至少一种。
所述表面处理剂是将极性基团引入碳纤维粉表面，使得碳纤维粉能够更好地与树脂相容。所述分散剂是能够很好地打破碳纤维粉的团聚，将碳纤维粉更好的分散在树脂中。所述超声波处理是通过振动方式将碳纤维粉分散，使其更好的与树脂相容。
可选地，还可以采用侧面喂料方式，具体地，采用喂料机将碳纤维粉均匀的添加到树脂中，使得碳纤维粉与树脂更好的相容。
可选地，可以在所述树脂固化成膜的过程中添加碳纤维粉或在所述树脂未固化前，将碳纤维粉添加到树脂中，使碳纤维粉与树脂相容。
图1所示为碳纤维粉的质量含量与树脂拉伸强度的关系图，拉伸强度：在外力作用下，材料抵抗永久变形和破坏的能力。
如图1所示，横坐标为碳纤维含量(％)，纵坐标为拉伸强度(MPa)。碳纤维含量在0-5％时，树脂拉伸强度逐渐降低；碳纤维含量在5％-20％时,随着碳纤维粉含量的逐渐增加，树脂拉伸强度逐渐提高；碳纤维含量在20％-30％时，随着碳纤维粉含量的逐渐增加，树脂拉伸强度逐渐降低。
但是当碳纤维含量在15％-25％时，树脂拉伸强度相对于树脂自身强度有所提高，当树脂的拉伸强度提高，长纤维与树脂浸润形成的碳纤维层的拉伸强度提高，当所述碳纤维层热压成型制作成振动板时，所述振动板的拉伸强度大，抵抗永久变形和破坏的能力强，所述振动板应用到发声装置中，振膜与振动板粘接连接，振膜在振动过程中，振膜和振动板振动的一致性较好，发声装置的声学性能良好。
可选地，振膜与振动板粘接连接，具体地，振膜与振动板之间通过胶水或胶带进行粘接，所述振膜为由工程塑料(如peek，par等)、弹性体材料(如tpu、tpee、硅橡胶等)、胶膜(如丙烯酸酯类胶、有机硅类胶等)等中的一种或多种材料复合组成；振膜厚度在0.01mm-0.5mm之间，该厚度范围内使得发声装置振膜的灵敏度更高，在施加同样的驱动力的情况下，振膜产生振幅更大，相应速度更高，进一步地，使振膜的振动空间余量更大。
可选地，所述碳纤维粉为长纤维经表面处理、工艺研磨、显微甄别、高温烘干后而获得的等长圆柱形微粒，所述碳纤维粉直径范围为4-7μm，长度范围为0.01-12mm，比表面积大于0.321663m 2/g。比表面积：单位质量物料所具有的总面积，本发明中碳纤维粉的比表面积是单位质量的碳纤维粉所具有的外表总面积。
本发明碳纤维粉的比表面积大于0.321663m 2/g，碳纤维粉能够很好的与树脂相容，而不影响树脂与长纤维的浸润。同时碳纤维粉能够良好的改善树脂的硬度，抗裂性，耐磨性和尺寸稳定性；所述碳纤维粉也克服了长纤维展开时造成的开缝缺陷，改善了长纤维边缘开裂现象。
本实施例中长纤维与树脂浸润形成的碳纤维层，所述碳纤维层的整体强度和硬度提高，刚性良好，耐磨性提高。当所述碳纤维层热压成型制作成振动板时，加强了垂直于长纤维方向的强度，同时也增强了碳纤维层各个方向的强度，所述振动板的耐磨性提高，刚性提高；强度的均匀性提高，所述振动板应用到发声装置中，提升了发声装置的高频FR，降低了THD(总谐波失真)和RB(噪音比),明显减少高频振动过程中的偏振。
图2所示为现有技术中碳纤维振动板和本发明振动板的THD(总谐波失真)曲线图。如图2所示，横坐标为频率(Hz)，纵坐标为总谐波失真(％)，实线为现有技术中碳纤维振动板的THD曲线图；虚线为本发明振动板的THD曲线图。从图2中可以看出，在高频区，本发明振动板的THD曲线相对更低，而且也没有出现现有技术中碳纤维振动板存在的尖峰和低谷现象，本发明的振动板应用到发声装置中，发声装置的在高频音质良好，不会出现刺耳声音也不会出现声音忽高忽低的现象。
图4所示为现有技术中振动板和本发明振动板在高频10k的振幅云图。如图4所示，第一幅图为现有技术中碳纤维振动板在高频10k的振幅云图，第二幅图为本发明振动板在高频10k的振幅云图，从图4中可以看出，本发明的振动板在高频10k区振动时，振动板的振动幅度依然存在且振动的一致性依然良好，并没有出现第一幅图所示的上下振动幅度不一致，振幅明显呈混乱状态。
图3所示为现有技术中碳纤维振动板和本发明振动板的RB(噪音比)曲线图，如图2所示，横坐标为频率(Hz)，纵坐标为RB(％)，实线为现有技 术中碳纤维振动板的RB曲线图；虚线为本发明振动板的RB曲线图。在高频区，本发明的振动板RB曲线相对更低，说明本发明振动板在振动过程中，产生的噪音更小，有效的改善听音良率。
可选地，所述振动板采用热压工艺一次成型，所述振动板为平板结构，或所述振动板具有凸起结构或凹陷结构。
可选地，在加工剪裁过程中，碳纤维层的长纤维方向与振动板长轴垂直，能够提高振动板整体强度。
可选地，所述振动板适用于SPK，RCV结构。
根据本发明的另一个实施例，提供了一种发声装置，包括振动系统和与所述振动系统相互配合的磁路系统，所述振动系统包括振膜和上述所述的振动板，所述振膜与振动板通过粘接方式连接。所述发声装置具有良好的高频音质同时降低了THD和RB，提高了其声学性能。
虽然已经通过例子对本发明的一些特定实施例进行了详细说明，但是本领域的技术人员应该理解，以上例子仅是为了进行说明，而不是为了限制本发明的范围。本领域的技术人员应该理解，可在不脱离本发明的范围和精神的情况下，对以上实施例进行修改。本发明的范围由所附权利要求来限定。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种振动板，其特征在于，包括至少一层碳纤维层，所述碳纤维层采用长纤维和树脂浸润混合制成，所述树脂中添加有碳纤维粉，所述树脂中的碳纤维粉的质量含量为5％-25％，所述碳纤维层中的长纤维的质量含量为40％-75％。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的振动板，其特征在于，所述碳纤维粉为采用所述长纤维经表面处理、工艺研磨、显微甄别、高温烘干后制得的长圆柱形微粒。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的振动板，其特征在于，所述碳纤维粉的直径范围为4-7μm，长度范围为0.01-12mm，比表面积大于0.321663m 2/g。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的振动板，其特征在于，所述长纤维的强度范围为T300-T1000，所述长纤维的模量范围为M30-M60。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的振动板，其特征在于，所述碳纤维粉中添加有表面处理剂和分散剂；
    和/或，对所述碳纤维粉进行超声波处理。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的振动板，其特征在于，所述表面处理剂采用硅烷类偶联剂和等离子处理剂中的至少一种，所述分散剂采用甲基纤维素(MC)、羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC)、羟乙基纤维素(HEC)中的至少一种。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的振动板，其特征在于，所述振动板为单层振动板，所述单层振动板包括一层碳纤维层，所述单层振动板的厚度范围为0.05mm-0.3mm。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的振动板，其特征在于，所述振动板为复合振动板，所述复合振动板包括多层碳纤维层，所述复合振动板的厚度0.01-0.5mm。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的振动板，其特征在于，所述振动板还包括中间层，所述中间层设置于所述碳纤维层之间，所述中间层的厚度范围为0.05-0.4mm。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的振动板，其特征在于，所述中间层采用发泡体材料或工程塑料，所述发泡体采用PMI发泡材料，PI发泡材料，聚酯类 发泡材料中的至少一种。
  11. 根据权利要求1或10所述的振动板，其特征在于，所述振动板采用热压工艺一次成型，所述振动板为平板结构，或所述振动板具有凸起结构或凹陷结构。
  12. 一种发声装置，其特征在于，包括振动系统和与所述振动系统相互配合的磁路系统，所述振动系统包括振膜和如权利要求1-11中的任意一项所述的振动板，所述振膜与振动板通过粘接方式连接。
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