WO2021009953A1 - ガスタービンシステムおよびそれを備えた移動体 - Google Patents

ガスタービンシステムおよびそれを備えた移動体 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021009953A1
WO2021009953A1 PCT/JP2020/005608 JP2020005608W WO2021009953A1 WO 2021009953 A1 WO2021009953 A1 WO 2021009953A1 JP 2020005608 W JP2020005608 W JP 2020005608W WO 2021009953 A1 WO2021009953 A1 WO 2021009953A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gas
combustion gas
flow path
turbine
turbine system
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2020/005608
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
雄一 仲谷
雄貴 森崎
康寛 齋木
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd filed Critical Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Priority to US17/624,965 priority Critical patent/US11885232B2/en
Priority to DE112020003364.3T priority patent/DE112020003364T5/de
Publication of WO2021009953A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021009953A1/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D33/00—Arrangement in aircraft of power plant parts or auxiliaries not otherwise provided for
    • B64D33/04—Arrangement in aircraft of power plant parts or auxiliaries not otherwise provided for of exhaust outlets or jet pipes
    • B64D33/06—Silencing exhaust or propulsion jets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D27/00—Arrangement or mounting of power plants in aircraft; Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants
    • B64D27/02—Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants
    • B64D27/30—Aircraft characterised by electric power plants
    • B64D27/34—All-electric aircraft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
    • F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/08—Cooling; Heating; Heat-insulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/30—Exhaust heads, chambers, or the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02K—JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02K1/00—Plants characterised by the form or arrangement of the jet pipe or nozzle; Jet pipes or nozzles peculiar thereto
    • F02K1/28—Plants characterised by the form or arrangement of the jet pipe or nozzle; Jet pipes or nozzles peculiar thereto using fluid jets to influence the jet flow
    • F02K1/34—Plants characterised by the form or arrangement of the jet pipe or nozzle; Jet pipes or nozzles peculiar thereto using fluid jets to influence the jet flow for attenuating noise
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02K—JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02K1/00—Plants characterised by the form or arrangement of the jet pipe or nozzle; Jet pipes or nozzles peculiar thereto
    • F02K1/38—Introducing air inside the jet
    • F02K1/386—Introducing air inside the jet mixing devices in the jet pipe, e.g. for mixing primary and secondary flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02K—JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02K5/00—Plants including an engine, other than a gas turbine, driving a compressor or a ducted fan
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D27/00—Arrangement or mounting of power plants in aircraft; Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants
    • B64D27/02—Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants
    • B64D27/16—Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants of jet type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00—Application
    • F05D2220/30—Application in turbines
    • F05D2220/32—Application in turbines in gas turbines
    • F05D2220/323—Application in turbines in gas turbines for aircraft propulsion, e.g. jet engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00—Application
    • F05D2220/30—Application in turbines
    • F05D2220/36—Application in turbines specially adapted for the fan of turbofan engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00—Application
    • F05D2220/70—Application in combination with
    • F05D2220/76—Application in combination with an electrical generator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2240/00—Components
    • F05D2240/35—Combustors or associated equipment

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a gas turbine system and a mobile body equipped with the gas turbine system.
  • a gas turbine engine for an aircraft having a compression unit, a combustion unit, a turbine unit, a rotating body that rotates together with the turbine unit, and a fan that rotates in conjunction with the rotating body to generate thrust is known.
  • the gas turbine engine disclosed in Patent Document 1 is provided with a generator that rotates together with a fan to convert the kinetic energy that the fan rotates into electric power.
  • the electric power generated by the generator is used to drive an electric fan or the like arranged at the rear end of the aircraft.
  • Patent Document 1 converts the energy of the combustion gas generated by the combustion unit into electric power via a generator that rotates together with the turbine unit.
  • the combustion gas that has passed through the turbine section is discharged to the outside as it is, a part of the thermal energy of the combustion gas cannot be effectively utilized.
  • the speed difference between the speed of the high-temperature combustion gas and the speed of the external air is large, the mixing noise generated when the combustion gas and the external air are mixed becomes large.
  • the present disclosure has been made in view of such circumstances, and effectively utilizes the thermal energy of the combustion gas used to drive the turbine to reduce mixing noise when the combustion gas and the outside air are mixed. It is an object of the present invention to provide a gas turbine system capable of reduction and a moving body equipped with the gas turbine system.
  • the gas turbine system uses a compressor that compresses external air to generate compressed air, and a compressor that burns the compressed air generated by the compressor together with fuel to produce combustion gas.
  • An outer shell portion that is formed and is arranged so as to cover the compressor, the combustor, the turbine, and the exhaust portion, and the combustion gas that has passed through the turbine and the surface of the outer shell portion are circulated. It is provided with a heat exchange unit that exchanges heat with the outside air.
  • a gas turbine system capable of effectively utilizing the thermal energy of the combustion gas used to drive the turbine to reduce mixing noise when the combustion gas and the outside air are mixed, and a gas turbine system thereof.
  • a mobile body provided can be provided.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of the gas turbine system shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 2 is a view of the gas turbine system shown in FIG. 2 as viewed from the downstream side in the flow direction of combustion gas along the axis of the turbine.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB of the gas turbine system shown in FIG. It is a partially enlarged view of the C part shown in FIG. It is a partially enlarged view of the D portion shown in FIG. It is a vertical sectional view of the gas turbine system which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line EE of the gas turbine system shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 8 is a view of the gas turbine system shown in FIG. 8 as viewed from the downstream side in the flow direction of combustion gas along the axis of the turbine.
  • FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line FF of the gas turbine system shown in FIG. It is a vertical sectional view of the gas turbine system which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this disclosure.
  • FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line GG of the gas turbine system shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 12 is a view of the gas turbine system shown in FIG. 12 as viewed from the downstream side in the flow direction of combustion gas along the axis of the turbine.
  • FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line HH of the gas turbine system shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the derivation part which concerns on the modification. It is sectional drawing which shows the introduction part which concerns on the modification. It is sectional drawing which shows the introduction part which concerns on the modification. It is sectional drawing of the gas turbine system which concerns on the modification.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an aircraft 1 according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view of the gas turbine system 100 shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of the gas turbine system 100 shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 4 is a view of the gas turbine system 100 shown in FIG. 2 as viewed from the downstream side in the distribution direction of the combustion gas Gc along the axis X1 of the turbine.
  • the aircraft 1 includes a gas turbine system 100 that generates electric power and an electric fan (thrust generator) 200 that generates thrust by the electric power generated by the gas turbine system 100.
  • the aircraft 1 of the present embodiment is a device that drives an electric fan 200 with electric power generated by a gas turbine system 100 to obtain thrust.
  • the gas turbine system 100 is derived from the compressor 10, the combustor 20, the turbine 30, the generator 40, the exhaust unit 60, and the nacelle (outer shell) 70.
  • a unit (heat exchange unit) 80 and an introduction unit 90 are provided.
  • the electric power generated by the generator 40 is supplied to the electric fan 200.
  • the compressor 10 is a device that generates compressed air by compressing the external air Ex1 that flows in from the front in the traveling direction of the aircraft 1.
  • the compressor 10 has a plurality of moving blades 11 rotating around the axis X1 and a plurality of fixed stationary blades 12, and allows the inflowing air to pass through the plurality of moving blades 11 and the plurality of stationary blades 12. Generates compressed air.
  • the combustor 20 is a device that burns compressed air generated by the compressor 10 together with fuel to generate high-temperature and high-pressure combustion gas.
  • the combustor 20 rotates the turbine 30 around the axis X1 by supplying a high-temperature and high-pressure combustion gas to the turbine 30.
  • Combustors 20 are provided at a plurality of locations around the axis X1.
  • the turbine 30 is a device driven by the combustion gas generated by the combustor 20.
  • the turbine 30 has a plurality of moving blades 31 rotating around the axis X, a plurality of fixed stationary blades 32, and a drive shaft 33 connected to the moving blades.
  • the driving force obtained by rotating the rotor blade 31 is transmitted to the generator 40 via the drive shaft 33.
  • the generator 40 is a device that is connected to the drive shaft 33 of the turbine 30 and generates electricity by the driving force of the turbine 30.
  • the generator 40 has a rotor (not shown) that is connected to the drive shaft 33 and rotates around the axis X1, and a stator that is fixedly arranged around the rotor. As shown in FIG. 1, the electric power generated by the generator 40 is supplied to the electric fan 200.
  • the electric fan 200 is a device that generates thrust by the electric power generated by the generator 40.
  • the electric fan 200 can be installed at an arbitrary position in the aircraft 1 away from the gas turbine system 100.
  • the electric fan 200 obtains thrust by rotating a fan (not shown).
  • the exhaust unit 60 guides the combustion gas Gc that has passed through the turbine 30 to the outside.
  • the exhaust portion 60 has an inner side wall portion 61 and an outer wall portion 62.
  • the inner side wall portion 61 extends along the axis X1 on which the turbine 30 rotates and is formed in a tubular shape around the axis X1.
  • the outer side wall portion 62 extends along the axis X1 and is formed in a tubular shape, and is arranged so as to surround the outer peripheral side of the inner side wall portion 61.
  • the inner side wall portion 61 and the outer wall portion 62 circulate the combustion gas discharged from the turbine 30 and form an annular flow path 63 extending along the axis X1.
  • the annular flow path 63 is a flow path formed in an annular shape around the axis X1 and guides the combustion gas discharged from the turbine 30 to the outside.
  • a storage space S1 surrounded by the inner side wall portion 61 is formed on the inner peripheral side of the inner side wall portion 61 with respect to the axis X1.
  • a generator 40 is arranged in the storage space S1. The generator 40 is fixed to the inner side wall portion 61 via a fixture (not shown).
  • the nacelle 70 is an outer shell arranged so as to cover each part of the gas turbine system 100 including the compressor 10, the combustor 20, the turbine 30, and the exhaust part 60.
  • the nacelle 70 is formed in a tubular shape extending along the axis X1.
  • the nacelle 70 is connected to the aircraft body (not shown) via a pylon 75.
  • the lead-out unit 80 is a device that guides the combustion gas Gc that has passed through the turbine 30 to the discharge port 81b provided on the surface of the nacelle 70, and exchanges heat between the combustion gas Gc and the external air Ex2.
  • the lead-out unit 80 has a lead-out flow path 81 and a lead-out fan 82 arranged in the lead-out flow path 81.
  • the lead-out flow path 81 guides the combustion gas Gc that has passed through the turbine 30 from the suction port 81a provided on the outer wall portion 62 to the discharge port 81b provided on the surface of the nacelle 70.
  • the combustion gas Gc discharged from the discharge port 81b is mixed with the external air Ex2 flowing on the surface of the nacelle 70 to become a mixed gas Mx, which is distributed toward the end of the nacelle 70.
  • discharge ports 81b are provided at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction around the axis X1 (8 locations at 45 ° intervals in the example shown in FIG. 4).
  • a plurality of out-licensing units 80 are provided so as to correspond to the plurality of discharge ports 81b.
  • the combustion gas Gc flowing out from the plurality of discharge ports 81b to the surface of the nacelle 70 is mixed with the external air Ex2 to form a mixed gas Mx, which is guided to the end of the nacelle 70.
  • the temperature of the combustion gas Gc flowing out from the plurality of discharge ports 81b is sufficiently higher than the temperature of the external air Ex2 (for example, a temperature difference of 300 ° C. or more). Therefore, the flow velocity of the mixed gas Mx is higher than that of the external air Ex2. Further, since the pressure and velocity of the combustion gas Gc are also higher than those of the external air Ex2, the flow velocity of the mixed gas Mx is higher than that of the external air Ex2.
  • the lead-out unit 80 When the lead-out unit 80 is not provided, when the combustion gas Gc and the external air Ex2 are mixed at the end of the nacelle 70, the temperature difference between the combustion gas Gc and the external air Ex2 is large and the flow velocity difference is also large. , The mixing noise becomes large.
  • the lead-out unit 80 when the combustion gas Gc and the mixed gas Mx are mixed at the end of the nacelle 70, the temperature difference between the combustion gas Gc and the mixed gas Mx burns. Since the temperature difference between the gas Gc and the external air Ex2 is smaller and the flow velocity difference is also smaller, the mixing noise is reduced.
  • the lead-out fan 82 is a device that forcibly guides the combustion gas Gc flowing through the annular flow path 63 to the lead-out flow path 81.
  • the lead-out fan 82 is driven by the electric power generated by the generator 40 or the electric power supplied from another power supply device (not shown).
  • the lead-out fan 82 of the present embodiment is a cross-flow fan that rotates around the axis X2.
  • the lead-out fan 82 sucks the combustion gas Gc into the impeller by rotating an impeller having blades having a uniform shape along the axis X2 around the axis X2, and then discharges the combustion gas Gc into the lead-out flow path 81.
  • the introduction unit 90 is a device that guides the mixed gas Mx, which is a mixture of the combustion gas Gc discharged from the discharge port 81b and the external air Ex2, from the introduction port 91a provided on the surface of the nacelle 70 to the exhaust unit 60.
  • the introduction section 90 has an introduction flow path 91 and an introduction fan 92 arranged in the introduction flow path 91.
  • the introduction flow path 91 guides the mixed gas Mx flowing on the surface of the nacelle 70 from the introduction port 91a provided on the surface of the nacelle 70 to the discharge port 91b provided on the outer wall portion 62.
  • the mixed gas Mx discharged from the discharge port 91b is mixed with the combustion gas Gc and circulates toward the end of the nacelle 70.
  • the introduction port 91a is provided on the downstream side in the distribution direction of the combustion gas Gc and the external air Ex2 with respect to the discharge port 81b.
  • introduction ports 91a are provided at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction around the axis X1 (8 locations at 45 ° intervals in the example shown in FIG. 4).
  • a plurality of introduction units 90 are provided so as to correspond to the plurality of introduction ports 91a.
  • the discharge port 81b and the introduction port 91a are arranged at the same position in the circumferential direction.
  • the discharge port 81b and the introduction port 91a may not be located at exactly the same position in the circumferential direction, but may be arranged so as to partially overlap in the circumferential direction.
  • the discharge port 81b and the introduction port 91a are arranged at overlapping positions in the circumferential direction, a part of the mixed gas Mx in which the combustion gas Gc flowing out from the discharge port 81b and the external air Ex2 are mixed is partially from the introduction port 91a. It is guided to the introduction flow path 91.
  • the mixed gas Mx discharged from the plurality of discharge ports 91b to the exhaust unit 60 has a temperature sufficiently lower than the temperature of the combustion gas Gc and a pressure sufficiently lower than the pressure of the combustion gas Gc. Therefore, the flow velocity of the combustion gas Gc is lower when the mixed gas Mx is discharged to the exhaust unit 60 than when the mixed gas Mx is not discharged to the exhaust unit 60.
  • the introduction portion 90 When the introduction portion 90 is not provided, when the combustion gas Gc and the mixed gas Mx are mixed at the end of the nacelle 70, the temperature difference and the pressure difference between the combustion gas Gc and the mixed gas Mx are large, and the flow velocity difference is also large. Since it is large, the mixing noise becomes large.
  • the introduction portion 90 when the introduction portion 90 is provided as in the present embodiment, when the combustion gas Gc and the mixed gas Mx are mixed at the end of the nacelle 70, the temperature difference and the pressure between the combustion gas Gc and the mixed gas Mx Since the difference is small and the difference in flow velocity is also small, mixing noise is reduced.
  • the introduction fan 92 is a device that forcibly guides the mixed gas Mx flowing on the surface of the nacelle 70 to the introduction flow path 91.
  • the introduction fan 92 is driven by the electric power generated by the generator 40 or the electric power supplied from another power supply device (not shown).
  • the introduction fan 92 of the present embodiment is a cross-flow fan that rotates around the axis X3.
  • the introduction fan 92 sucks the mixed gas Mx into the impeller by rotating an impeller having blades having a uniform shape along the axis X3 around the axis X3, and then discharges the mixed gas Mx into the annular flow path 63.
  • the aircraft 1 includes a compressor 10 that compresses external air Ex2 to generate compressed air, and a combustor 20 that burns compressed air generated by the compressor 10 together with fuel to generate combustion gas Gc.
  • the turbine 30 driven by the combustion gas Gc generated by the combustor 20, the exhaust unit 60 that guides the combustion gas Gc that has passed through the turbine 30 to the outside, and the turbine 30 extending along the rotating axis X1 and forming a tubular shape.
  • the temperature of the mixed gas Mx which is a mixture of the combustion gas Gc and the external air Ex2 rises above the temperature of the external air Ex2.
  • the lead-out unit 80 is not provided, when the combustion gas Gc and the external air Ex2 are mixed at the end of the nacelle 70, the temperature difference between the combustion gas Gc and the external air Ex2 is large and the flow velocity difference is also large. , The mixing noise becomes large.
  • the lead-out unit 80 since the lead-out unit 80 is provided, the temperature difference between the combustion gas Gc and the mixed gas Mx when the combustion gas Gc and the mixed gas Mx are mixed at the end of the nacelle 70. Is smaller than the temperature difference between the combustion gas Gc and the external air Ex2, and the flow velocity difference is also small, so that the mixing noise can be reduced.
  • the lead-out unit 80 guides the combustion gas Gc that has passed through the turbine 30 to the discharge port 81b provided on the surface of the nacelle 70 and mixes it with the external air Ex2 to obtain the combustion gas Gc.
  • the heat is exchanged with the external air Ex2.
  • a part of the combustion gas Gc having a temperature higher than that of the external air Ex2 that has passed through the turbine 30 and is guided to the exhaust unit 60 is provided on the surface of the nacelle 70 by the lead-out unit 80. It is guided to the exhaust port 81b and exchanges heat with the external air Ex2 by mixing with the external air Ex2.
  • the introduction unit 90 that guides the mixed gas Mx, which is a mixture of the combustion gas Gc discharged from the discharge port 81b and the external air Ex2, from the introduction port 91a provided on the surface of the nacelle 70 to the exhaust unit 60.
  • the mixed gas Mx which is a mixture of the combustion gas Gc discharged from the discharge port 81b and the external air Ex2
  • the introduction port 91a provided on the surface of the nacelle 70 to the exhaust unit 60.
  • a part of the mixed gas Mx in which the combustion gas Gc discharged to the surface of the nacelle 70 by the lead-out unit 80 and the external air Ex2 is mixed is provided in the exhaust unit 60 by the introduction unit 90. It is guided to the exhaust port 91b and mixed with the combustion gas Gc.
  • the introduction portion 90 When the introduction portion 90 is not provided, when the combustion gas Gc and the mixed gas Mx are mixed at the end of the nacelle 70, the temperature difference between the combustion gas Gc and the mixed gas Mx is large and the flow velocity difference is also large. Mixing noise becomes large.
  • the introduction portion 90 since the introduction portion 90 is provided, the temperature difference between the combustion gas Gc and the mixed gas Mx when the combustion gas Gc and the mixed gas Mx are mixed at the end of the nacelle 70. Is small and the difference in flow velocity is also small, so that mixing noise can be reduced.
  • the discharge ports 81b are provided at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction around the axis X1
  • the introduction ports 91a are provided at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction
  • the discharge ports 81b and the introduction ports 91a are provided in a circumferential direction. They are placed in overlapping positions in the direction. Therefore, a part of the mixed gas Mx in which the combustion gas Gc discharged from the discharge port 81b and the external air Ex2 are mixed is transferred from the introduction port 91a arranged at a position overlapping the discharge port 81b in the circumferential direction to the introduction section 90. Be guided.
  • the gas turbine system 100A according to the present embodiment is different from the gas turbine system 100 according to the first embodiment in that it includes a flow path forming portion 76.
  • FIG. 8 is a vertical sectional view of the gas turbine system 100A according to the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line EE of the gas turbine system 100A shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 10 is a view of the gas turbine system 100A shown in FIG. 8 as viewed from the downstream side in the distribution direction of the combustion gas Gc along the axis X1 of the turbine 30.
  • the flow path forming portion 76 is a member that extends along the axis X1 and is formed in a tubular shape around the axis X1. As shown in FIG. 9, the flow path forming portion 76 forms a mixed gas flow path 76a formed in an annular shape around the axis X1. As shown in FIG. 10, the flow path forming portion 76 is arranged coaxially with the nacelle 70 so as to cover the discharge port 81b and the introduction port 91a.
  • the mixed gas flow path 76a is a flow path formed between the flow path forming portion 76 and the surface of the nacelle 70, and is a mixed gas Mx in which the combustion gas Gc discharged from the discharge port 81b and the external air Ex2 are mixed. Is the flow path through which
  • the combustion gas Gc flowing out from the plurality of discharge ports 81b to the surface of the nacelle 70 is mixed with the external air Ex2 to form a mixed gas Mx, which is guided to the end of the nacelle 70.
  • the temperature of the combustion gas Gc flowing out from the plurality of discharge ports 81b is sufficiently higher than the temperature of the external air Ex2 (for example, a temperature difference of 300 ° C. or more). Therefore, the flow velocity of the mixed gas Mx is higher than that of the external air Ex2. Further, since the pressure and velocity of the combustion gas Gc are also higher than those of the external air Ex2, the flow velocity of the mixed gas Mx is higher than that of the external air Ex2.
  • the flow rate of the external air Ex2 mixed with the combustion gas Gc is limited, and the temperature of the mixed gas Mx can be set higher than that in the case where the flow path forming portion 76 is not provided.
  • the difference in flow velocity between the mixed gas Mx and the combustion gas Gc mixed at the end of the nacelle 70 becomes smaller than in the case where the flow path forming portion 76 is not provided, and the mixing noise is further reduced.
  • the gas turbine system 100B according to the present embodiment is different from the gas turbine system 100 according to the first embodiment in that it includes a flow path forming portion 77.
  • FIG. 12 is a vertical sectional view of the gas turbine system 100B according to the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line GG of the gas turbine system 100B shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 14 is a view of the gas turbine system 100B shown in FIG. 12 as viewed from the downstream side in the distribution direction of the combustion gas Gc along the axis X1 of the turbine 30.
  • the flow path forming portions 77 extend along the axis X1 and are arranged at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction so as to cover both the discharge port 81b and the introduction port 91a. It is a member. As shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, the flow path forming portions 77 are arranged discretely at intervals in the circumferential direction around the axis X1 (8 locations at 45 ° intervals in the examples shown in FIGS. 13 and 14). ing.
  • the mixed gas flow path 77a is a flow path formed between the flow path forming portion 77 and the surface of the nacelle 70, and is a mixed gas Mx in which the combustion gas Gc discharged from the discharge port 81b and the external air Ex2 are mixed. Is the flow path through which
  • the combustion gas Gc flowing out from the plurality of discharge ports 81b to the surface of the nacelle 70 is mixed with the external air Ex2 to form a mixed gas Mx, which is guided to the end of the nacelle 70.
  • the temperature of the combustion gas Gc flowing out from the plurality of discharge ports 81b is sufficiently higher than the temperature of the external air Ex2 (for example, a temperature difference of 300 ° C. or more). Therefore, the flow velocity of the mixed gas Mx is higher than that of the external air Ex2. Further, since the pressure and velocity of the combustion gas Gc are also higher than those of the external air Ex2, the flow velocity of the mixed gas Mx is higher than that of the external air Ex2.
  • the flow rate of the external air Ex2 mixed with the combustion gas Gc is limited, and the temperature of the mixed gas Mx can be set higher than that in the case where the flow path forming portion 77 is not provided.
  • the difference in flow velocity between the mixed gas Mx and the combustion gas Gc mixed at the end of the nacelle 70 becomes smaller than in the case where the flow path forming portion 77 is not provided, and the mixing noise is further reduced.
  • the flow path forming portions 77 are arranged discretely at intervals in the circumferential direction around the axis X1. Therefore, on the surface of the nacelle 70 along the circumferential direction, the region where the external air Ex2 flows and the region where the mixed gas Mx flows are alternately repeated. As a result, mixing of the external air Ex2 and the mixed gas Mx is promoted at each position in the circumferential direction, so that the difference in flow velocity between the mixed gas Mx and the combustion gas Gc mixed at the end of the nacelle 70 becomes small, and mixing noise is generated. Further reduced.
  • the gas turbine system provided in the aircraft is provided with an introduction unit 90 for guiding the mixed gas Mx from the introduction port 91a provided on the surface of the nacelle 70 to the exhaust unit 60, but does not include the introduction unit 90. You may do so. Even when the introduction unit 90 is not provided, the combustion gas Gc guided from the exhaust unit 60 to the surface of the nacelle 70 by the lead-out unit 80 exchanges heat with the external air Ex2, so that mixing noise can be reduced. ..
  • the lead-out unit 80 included in the gas turbine system is provided with a lead-out fan 82 that forcibly guides the combustion gas Gc to the lead-out flow path 81, but other embodiments may be used.
  • the lead-out fan 82 may not be provided. Since the combustion gas Gc flowing through the annular flow path 63 has a pressure higher than that of the external air Ex2, the combustion gas Gc can be guided from the lead-out flow path 81 to the discharge port 81b provided on the surface of the nacelle 70 by the pressure difference. ..
  • the introduction port 91a for guiding the mixed gas Mx from the surface of the nacelle 70 to the introduction portion 90 has a shape in which an opening is provided on a flat surface, but other embodiments may be used.
  • the intake portion 78 may be provided so as to cover the introduction port 91a, and the mixed gas Mx flowing on the surface of the nacelle 70 may be forcibly guided to the introduction port 91a.
  • the intake portion 78 shown in FIG. 17 is a member arranged so as to form a flow path between the intake portion 78 and the surface of the nacelle 70.
  • the intake portion 78 is arranged so as to open on the upstream side in the flow direction of the mixed gas Mx and block the flow path at the position where the introduction port 91a is arranged.
  • the entire amount of the mixed gas Mx that has flowed into the flow path formed by the intake portion 78 on the upstream side in the flow direction of the mixed gas Mx is forcibly guided to the introduction port 91a.
  • the introduction port 91a for guiding the mixed gas Mx from the surface of the nacelle 70 to the introduction portion 90 has a shape in which an opening is provided on a flat surface, but other embodiments may be used.
  • a scoop portion 79 recessed from the surface of the nacelle 70 toward the exhaust portion 60 side is provided on the upstream side of the introduction port 91a in the flow direction of the mixed gas Mx, and the surface of the nacelle 70 is formed.
  • the mixed gas Mx to be circulated may be forcibly guided to the introduction port 91a.
  • the scoop portion 79 shown in FIG. 18 has a shape recessed from the surface of the nacelle 70 toward the exhaust portion 60 side.
  • the scoop portion 79 introduces a part of the mixed gas Mx from the upstream side in the flow direction of the mixed gas Mx, and forcibly guides the introduced mixed gas Mx to the introduction port 91a.
  • the heat exchange between the combustion gas Gc and the external air Ex2 is performed by discharging the combustion gas Gc from the lead-out unit 80 to the surface of the nacelle 70 and mixing it with the external air Ex2. It may be the aspect of. As shown in FIG. 19, the closed flow path member 78A provides a closed flow path through which the combustion gas Gc flows on the surface portion of the nacelle 70, and the closed flow path member 78A is provided without mixing the combustion gas Gc and the external air Ex2. The heat may be exchanged through the heat exchange.
  • the closed flow path member 78A shown in FIG. 19 is a member arranged so as to form a closed flow path in which only the combustion gas Gc flows between the closed flow path member 78A and the surface of the nacelle 70.
  • the closed flow path member 78A is provided so as to form a closed flow path that communicates the discharge port 81b and the introduction port 91a. The entire amount of the combustion gas Gc discharged from the discharge port 81b flows through the closed flow path and is guided to the introduction port 91a.
  • the gas turbine system described in each of the above-described embodiments is grasped as follows, for example.
  • the gas turbine system (100) is a compressor (10) that compresses external air to generate compressed air, and a compressor (10) that burns compressed air generated by the compressor (10) together with fuel to produce combustion gas.
  • (30) extends along the rotating axis (X1) and is formed in a tubular shape so as to cover the compressor (10), the combustor (20), the turbine (30), and the exhaust unit (60).
  • the outer shell portion (70) arranged in the outer shell portion (70) and the heat exchange portion (80) for exchanging heat between the combustion gas passing through the turbine (30) and the external air flowing on the surface of the outer shell portion (70). Be prepared.
  • a part of the combustion gas (Gc) having a temperature higher than that of the external air (Ex2) that has passed through the turbine (30) and is guided to the exhaust unit (60) is
  • the heat exchange unit (80) exchanges heat with the external air (Ex2), and the temperature of the mixed gas (Mx), which is a mixture of the combustion gas (Gc) and the external air (Ex2), rises above the temperature of the external air (Ex2). To do.
  • the heat exchange unit (80) is not provided, the combustion gas (Gc) and the external air (Gc) and the external air (Gc) are mixed when the combustion gas (Gc) and the external air (Ex2) are mixed at the end of the outer shell portion (70). Since the temperature difference and pressure difference from Ex2) are large and the flow velocity difference is also large, the mixing noise becomes large.
  • the combustion gas (Gc) and the external air (Ex2) are mixed at the end portion of the outer shell portion (70). Since the temperature difference between the combustion gas (Gc) and the mixed gas (Mx) is smaller than the temperature difference and pressure difference between the combustion gas (Gc) and the external air (Ex2), and the flow velocity difference is also small. Mixing noise can be reduced.
  • the heat exchange unit (80) guides the combustion gas that has passed through the turbine (30) to the discharge port (81b) provided on the surface of the outer shell portion (70). Heat exchange between the combustion gas and the external air is performed by mixing with the external air.
  • a part of the combustion gas (Gc) having a temperature higher than that of the external air (Ex2) that has passed through the turbine (30) and is guided to the exhaust unit (60) is It is guided by the heat exchange unit (80) to the exhaust port (81b) provided on the surface of the outer shell portion (70), and exchanges heat with the external air (Ex2) by mixing with the external air (Ex2).
  • an introduction port (91a) provided on the surface of the outer shell portion (70) is a mixed gas in which a combustion gas discharged from the discharge port (81b) and external air are mixed. It is provided with an introduction unit (90) leading from the exhaust unit (60).
  • a mixed gas in which combustion gas (Gc) discharged to the surface of the outer shell portion (70) by the heat exchange portion (80) and external air (Ex2) are mixed.
  • a part of (Mx) is guided by the introduction part (90) to the discharge port (91b) provided in the exhaust part (60) and mixed with the combustion gas (Gc).
  • the introduction portion (90) When the introduction portion (90) is not provided, when the combustion gas (Gc) and the mixed gas (Mx) are mixed at the end of the outer shell portion (70), the combustion gas (Gc) and the mixed gas (Mx) are mixed. Since the temperature difference and pressure difference between the gas and the gas are large and the flow velocity difference is also large, the mixing noise becomes large.
  • the combustion gas (Gc) and the mixed gas (Mx) are mixed at the end portion of the outer shell portion (70). At the same time, the temperature difference and pressure difference between the combustion gas (Gc) and the mixed gas (Mx) are small, and the flow velocity difference is also small, so that mixing noise can be reduced.
  • the discharge ports (81b) are provided at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction around the axis (X1), and the introduction ports (91a) are provided at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction.
  • the discharge port (81b) and the introduction port (91a) are arranged at overlapping positions in the circumferential direction. Therefore, a part of the mixed gas (Mx) in which the combustion gas (Gc) discharged from the discharge port (81b) and the external air (Ex2) are mixed is arranged at a position overlapping with the discharge port (81b) in the circumferential direction. It is guided from the introduced introduction port (91a) to the introduction part (90).
  • the gas turbine system (100) covers the discharge port (81b) and the introduction port (91a), and the mixed gas flow path (76a) through which the mixed gas flows between the gas turbine system (100) and the surface of the outer shell portion (70).
  • the combustion gas (Gc) flowing out from the plurality of discharge ports (81b) to the surface of the outer shell portion (70) is a mixture formed between the flow path forming portion (76) and the surface of the outer shell portion (70). It circulates in the gas flow path (76a). Since the mixed gas flow path (76a) is a flow path covered by the flow path forming portion (76), the external air flowing on the outer peripheral side with respect to the axis X1 flows into the flow path forming portion (76). None.
  • the flow rate of the external air (Ex2) mixed with the combustion gas (Gc) is limited, and the temperature of the mixed gas (Mx) can be set higher than that in the case where the flow path forming portion (76) is not provided. ..
  • the difference in flow velocity between the mixed gas (Mx) and the combustion gas (Gc) mixed at the end of the nacelle (70) becomes smaller than in the case where the flow path forming portion (76) is not provided, and the mixing noise is further reduced. Will be done.
  • the flow path forming portion (76) extends along the axis (X1) and is formed in a tubular shape around the axis (X1), and the mixed gas flow path (76a) is formed. ) Is a flow path formed in an annular shape around the axis (X1). By mixing the combustion gas (Gc) and the external air (Ex2) in the mixed gas flow path (76a) formed in an annular shape, the mixed gas (Mx) is compared with the case where the flow path forming portion (76) is not provided.
  • the temperature of can be set to a high temperature.
  • the flow path forming portion (77) extends along the axis (X1) and is circumferential so as to cover both the discharge port (81b) and the introduction port (91a). They are arranged at multiple locations at intervals.
  • the flow path forming portions (77) are arranged discretely at intervals in the circumferential direction around the axis (X1). Therefore, on the surface of the outer shell portion (70) along the circumferential direction, the region where the external air (Ex2) flows and the region where the mixed gas (Mx) flows are alternately repeated.
  • the gas turbine system (100) is a generator (200) connected to a turbine (30) to generate electricity by driving the turbine (30) and to supply electric power to a thrust generator (200) that generates electric thrust by electric power. 40) is provided.
  • the thrust generator (200) can be operated by the electric power generated by the generator (40) by driving the turbine (30).
  • the moving body described in each of the above-described embodiments is grasped as follows, for example.
  • the moving body (1) according to the present disclosure includes a gas turbine system (100) according to any one of the above, and a thrust generator (200) that generates thrust by electric power generated by the gas turbine system (100). Be prepared.
  • the combustion gas (Gc) and the external air (Ex2) can be effectively utilized by effectively utilizing the thermal energy of the combustion gas (Gc) used to drive the turbine (30). Mixing noise at the time of mixing can be reduced.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
PCT/JP2020/005608 2019-07-12 2020-02-13 ガスタービンシステムおよびそれを備えた移動体 Ceased WO2021009953A1 (ja)

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US17/624,965 US11885232B2 (en) 2019-07-12 2020-02-13 Gas turbine system and movable body including the same
DE112020003364.3T DE112020003364T5 (de) 2019-07-12 2020-02-13 Gasturbinensystem und Bewegungskörper, der dasselbe enthält

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US11885232B2 (en) 2024-01-30
DE112020003364T5 (de) 2022-03-31
JP2021014824A (ja) 2021-02-12

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