WO2021001969A1 - 冷凍サイクル装置 - Google Patents

冷凍サイクル装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021001969A1
WO2021001969A1 PCT/JP2019/026525 JP2019026525W WO2021001969A1 WO 2021001969 A1 WO2021001969 A1 WO 2021001969A1 JP 2019026525 W JP2019026525 W JP 2019026525W WO 2021001969 A1 WO2021001969 A1 WO 2021001969A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
defrosting
refrigeration cycle
cycle unit
capacity
defrost
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2019/026525
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
正紘 伊藤
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsubishi Electric Corp filed Critical Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Priority to JP2021529636A priority Critical patent/JP7150177B2/ja
Priority to US18/000,149 priority patent/US12169090B2/en
Priority to PCT/JP2019/026525 priority patent/WO2021001969A1/ja
Priority to CN201980097971.3A priority patent/CN114026373B/zh
Priority to EP19936504.0A priority patent/EP3995763B1/en
Publication of WO2021001969A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021001969A1/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F24F11/41—Defrosting; Preventing freezing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
    • F24F3/06—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the arrangements for the supply of heat-exchange fluid for the subsequent treatment of primary air in the room units
    • F24F3/065—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the arrangements for the supply of heat-exchange fluid for the subsequent treatment of primary air in the room units with a plurality of evaporators or condensers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B25/00—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00
    • F25B25/005—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00 using primary and secondary systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B47/00—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass
    • F25B47/02—Defrosting cycles
    • F25B47/022—Defrosting cycles hot gas defrosting
    • F25B47/025—Defrosting cycles hot gas defrosting by reversing the cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D21/00—Defrosting; Preventing frosting; Removing condensed or defrost water
    • F25D21/002—Defroster control
    • F25D21/006—Defroster control with electronic control circuits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D21/00—Defrosting; Preventing frosting; Removing condensed or defrost water
    • F25D21/002—Defroster control
    • F25D21/008—Defroster control by timer
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D21/00—Defrosting; Preventing frosting; Removing condensed or defrost water
    • F25D21/06—Removing frost
    • F25D21/08—Removing frost by electric heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0007—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning
    • F24F5/001—Compression cycle type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/003—Indoor unit with water as a heat sink or heat source
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2339/00—Details of evaporators; Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/04—Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/047—Water-cooled condensers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—Component parts or details not otherwise provided for in this subclass
    • F25B2400/06—Several compression cycles arranged in parallel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
    • F25B2500/19—Calculation of parameters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/02—Compressor control
    • F25B2600/021—Inverters therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/02—Compressor control
    • F25B2600/025—Compressor control by controlling speed
    • F25B2600/0253—Compressor control by controlling speed with variable speed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/23—Time delays
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a refrigeration cycle device.
  • an indirect air conditioner in which cold water or hot water is generated by a heat source machine such as a heat pump and transported to an indoor unit by a water pump and piping to cool and heat the room.
  • Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2013-108732 describes a method for defrosting a heat pump system that can prevent two or more heat pumps from defrosting at the same time as much as possible and prevent a decrease in water temperature in a water pipe. Is disclosed.
  • a water load device that utilizes the heat of water
  • the water temperature may drop if the possibility of load fluctuation is not taken into consideration.
  • the defrosting periods of two or more heat pumps may overlap to lower the water temperature, or the water temperature may drop due to a decrease in the capacity of the heat pumps due to delaying the start of defrosting of the heat pumps that defrost later.
  • the present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and is to avoid overlapping defrosting periods of a plurality of refrigeration cycle units that control the temperature of a heat medium such as water or brine, and to use the heat medium. It is an object of the present invention to provide a refrigerating cycle apparatus capable of suppressing a temperature drop.
  • the refrigeration cycle apparatus includes a first refrigeration cycle unit and a second refrigeration cycle unit, each of which has independent refrigerant circuits that use a refrigerant and is arranged in a common heat medium circulation path to control the temperature of the heat medium.
  • the first refrigerating cycle unit and the second refrigerating cycle unit are provided with a control device for controlling the heating capacity during the heating operation and the defrosting capacity during the defrosting operation.
  • the control device determines the defrosting capacity in the defrosting operation of the first refrigeration cycle unit and starts the defrosting operation.
  • the defrosting capacity of the first refrigeration cycle unit is determined within the range that satisfies the first determination condition and within the range that satisfies the second determination condition.
  • the first determination condition is that the total of the load capacity of the load device that utilizes the heat of the heat medium at the time when the first defrost start condition is satisfied and the defrost capacity of the first refrigeration cycle unit is the sum of the defrost capacity of the second refrigeration cycle unit.
  • the condition is that the heating capacity is not exceeded.
  • the second determination condition is the defrost interval between units and the defrost period of the first refrigeration cycle unit from the time when the defrost operation of the second refrigeration cycle unit is completed immediately before to the time when the first defrost start condition is satisfied. Is a condition that the total of the above does not exceed the shortest defrosting interval of the second refrigeration cycle unit when the second refrigeration cycle unit is operated at the upper limit heating capacity.
  • the defrosting capacity is appropriately determined at the start of defrosting, so that the heat medium is prevented from overlapping the defrosting periods of a plurality of refrigeration cycle units that control the temperature of the heat medium. It is possible to suppress the temperature drop of.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of an air conditioner according to the present embodiment.
  • the air conditioner 1 includes a heat source machine 2, a load device 3, pipes 4 and 5, and a pump 6.
  • the heat source machine 2 is a refrigeration cycle device including a first refrigeration cycle unit 201 and a second refrigeration cycle unit 202.
  • Refrigerant circulation paths are formed in each of the first refrigeration cycle unit 201 and the second refrigeration cycle unit 202. Further, the heat medium circulates between the heat source machine 2 and the load device 3 by the pipes 4 and 5 and the pump 6.
  • water will be illustrated as a heat medium.
  • the heat medium may be brine or the like. Further, for the sake of simplicity, the temperature of the heat medium may be described as water temperature.
  • the first refrigeration cycle unit 201 and the second refrigeration cycle unit 202 are connected in series with the water circulation path, and are both configured to operate as a heat source or a cold heat source for water.
  • the first refrigeration cycle unit 201 includes a compressor 11, a four-way valve 12, a first heat exchanger 13, a fan 14, an electronic expansion valve 15, and a second heat exchanger 16.
  • the second refrigeration cycle unit 202 includes a compressor 21, a four-way valve 22, a first heat exchanger 23, a fan 24, an electronic expansion valve 25, and a second heat exchanger 26.
  • Compressors 11 and 21 compress the refrigerant.
  • the first heat exchangers 13 and 23 exchange heat between the refrigerant and the outside air blown by the fans 14 and 24.
  • the second heat exchangers 16 and 26 exchange heat between the refrigerant and water.
  • a plate heat exchanger can be used as the second heat exchangers 16 and 26, for example.
  • FIG. 1 shows a case where the four-way valves 12 and 22 are set to perform heating.
  • the first refrigeration cycle unit 201 and the second refrigeration cycle unit 202 act as heat sources. If the four-way valves 12 and 22 are switched to reverse the circulation direction of the refrigerant, cooling or defrosting is performed, and the first refrigeration cycle unit 201 and the second refrigeration cycle unit 202 act as cold heat sources.
  • the heat source machine 2 and the load device 3 are connected by pipes 4 and 5 for circulating water.
  • the load device 3 includes an indoor unit 30, an indoor unit 40, and an indoor unit 50.
  • the indoor units 30, 40, and 50 are connected between the pipe 4 and the pipe 5 in parallel with each other.
  • the indoor unit 30 includes a heat exchanger 31, a fan 32 for sending indoor air to the heat exchanger 31, and a flow rate adjusting valve 33 for adjusting the flow rate of water.
  • the heat exchanger 31 exchanges heat between water and indoor air.
  • the indoor unit 40 includes a heat exchanger 41, a fan 42 for sending indoor air to the heat exchanger 41, and a flow rate adjusting valve 43 for adjusting the flow rate of water.
  • the heat exchanger 41 exchanges heat between water and indoor air.
  • the indoor unit 50 includes a heat exchanger 51, a fan 52 for sending indoor air to the heat exchanger 51, and a flow rate adjusting valve 53 for adjusting the flow rate of water.
  • the heat exchanger 51 exchanges heat between water and indoor air.
  • a water circuit using water is formed by the pump 6, the second heat exchangers 16 and 26 connected in series, and the heat exchanger 31, the heat exchanger 41, and the heat exchanger 51 connected in parallel with each other. Has been done. Further, in the present embodiment, an air conditioner having two refrigeration cycle units and three indoor units is taken as an example. However, the number of refrigerating cycle units may be three or more, and the number of indoor units may be any number.
  • the control units 17 and 27 distributed and arranged in the first refrigeration cycle unit 201 and the second refrigeration cycle unit 202 operate as the control device 100 in cooperation with each other.
  • the control device 100 controls the compressors 11, 21, four-way valves 12, 22, fans 14, 24, and electronic expansion valves 15, 25 according to settings from a remote controller or the like (not shown) and outputs of pressure sensors and temperature sensors. To do.
  • the load device 3 includes control units 34, 44, 54 corresponding to the indoor units 30, 40, 50, respectively.
  • the control units 34, 44, 54 control the flow rate adjusting valves 33, 43, 53 and the fans 32, 42, 52, respectively.
  • control unit 17, 27, 34, 44, 54 may perform control as a control device.
  • the control device has compressors 11, 21, four-way valves 12, 22, fans 14, 24, electronic expansion valves 15, 25, pumps 6, and flow control valves 33, 43 based on the data detected by other control units. , 53 and fans 32, 42, 52 are controlled.
  • FIG. 2 is a waveform diagram for explaining changes in water temperature when overlap occurs during the defrosting period.
  • the first refrigeration cycle unit 201 is performing heating operation at the operating frequency f0 of the compressor 11
  • the second refrigeration cycle unit 202 is the compressor 21.
  • the defrosting operation is performed at the operating frequency f1 (f1> f0) of.
  • the operating frequency f1 of the compressor during defrosting is set to the upper limit frequency allowed during operation.
  • both the first refrigeration cycle unit 201 and the second refrigeration cycle unit 202 perform a heating operation.
  • the defrosting operation start condition of the first refrigeration cycle unit 201 is satisfied.
  • the first refrigeration cycle unit 201 performs defrosting operation at the operating frequency f1 of the compressor 11, and the second refrigeration cycle unit 202 has the operating frequency f0 (f1> f0) of the compressor 21.
  • the heating operation is performed at.
  • both the first refrigeration cycle unit 201 and the second refrigeration cycle unit 202 perform a heating operation.
  • the defrosting periods may overlap.
  • the second refrigerating cycle unit 202 performs the defrosting operation at times t4 to t6, and the first refrigerating cycle unit 201 performs the defrosting operation at times t5 to t7. Therefore, at times t5 to t6, the defrosting periods of the first refrigeration cycle unit 201 and the second refrigeration cycle unit 202 overlap.
  • the water temperature that passes through the first refrigeration cycle unit 201 and the second refrigeration cycle unit 202 and is sent from the outlet of the heat source machine 2 to the pipe 4 is as shown in the lower part of FIG. Changes to. That is, during the period when one refrigerating cycle unit performs the defrosting operation such as time t0 to t1, t2 to t3, t4 to t5, and t6 to t7, the water temperature drops from the temperature T2 to T1 and the two refrigeration units are refrigerated. At times t5 to t6 where the defrosting operation periods of the cycle units overlap, the water temperature further drops to T0.
  • the control device 100 adjusts the heating capacity and the defrosting capacity of the first refrigeration cycle units 201 and 202. Further, when the defrosting capacity is adjusted in this way, the control device 100 predicts in advance whether or not the defrosting periods overlap, and if it is unavoidable that the defrosting periods overlap, the defrosting is performed. Determine the defrost capacity so that the non-overlapping periods are prioritized.
  • the heating capacity per unit of the refrigeration cycle unit at the upper limit frequency of the compressor is set as an example in the case where the capacities of the first refrigeration cycle unit 201 and the second refrigeration cycle unit 202 are equal. It will be described as 100%.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the heating capacity during heating and the load capacity in the load device.
  • both the first refrigeration cycle unit 201 and the second refrigeration cycle unit 202 are in a heating operation, and each heating capacity is 40%. Therefore, heat corresponding to a total heating capacity of 80% is input to the water circulation path.
  • the load device 3 uses heat corresponding to 80% of this for heating. Therefore, the balance between the heat input from the first refrigeration cycle unit 201 and the second refrigeration cycle unit 202 into the water circulation path and the heat released from the water circulation path to the load device 3 becomes zero, so that the heat source machine The water temperature at the outlet of 2 is constant.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the heating capacity at the time of defrosting and the load capacity in the load device when the defrosting capacity and the heating capacity are not adjusted.
  • the defrosting capacity of the first refrigeration cycle unit 201 is set to 100%, which corresponds to the upper limit frequency of the compressor.
  • -120% of heat is taken out of the water circulation path. Therefore, the water temperature drops.
  • the heating capacity of the second refrigeration cycle unit 202 is increased to 100%, heat corresponding to ⁇ 80% is taken out from the water circulation path.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the heating capacity at the time of defrosting and the load capacity in the load device when the defrosting capacity and the heating capacity are adjusted.
  • the amount of heat released to the load device is an amount corresponding to 80% from FIG. If the same heat as this heat is input to the water circulation path by the first refrigeration cycle unit 201 and the second refrigeration cycle unit 202, the water temperature is maintained constant.
  • the control device 100 raises the heating capacity of the second refrigeration cycle unit 202 on the non-defrosting side to 100%, which corresponds to the upper limit frequency of the compressor.
  • the defrosting capacity of the first refrigeration cycle unit 201 may be reduced to 20% in order not to change the water temperature.
  • such adjustment is carried out as long as the defrosting periods do not overlap.
  • FIG. 6 is a waveform diagram for explaining changes in water temperature when the defrosting capacity and the heating capacity are adjusted. From time t10 to t13, an example of defrosting the second refrigeration cycle unit 202 when the defrosting capacity is 100% is shown. Further, after t13, an example of defrosting the first refrigeration cycle unit 201 when the defrosting capacity is adjusted is shown.
  • the second refrigeration cycle unit 202 is performing the defrosting operation, and the first refrigeration cycle unit 201 is performing the heating operation.
  • the defrosting capacity of the second refrigeration cycle unit 202 is set to 100%, and the heating capacity of the first refrigeration cycle unit 201 is also set to 100% so as to minimize the decrease in water temperature.
  • the compressor frequencies of the first refrigeration cycle unit 201 and the second refrigeration cycle unit 202 are set to Fmax. During this period, heat is dissipated from the water circulation path to the load device 3, so that the heat balance becomes negative and the water temperature at the outlet of the heat source machine 2 drops to T10.
  • both the first refrigeration cycle unit 201 and the second refrigeration cycle unit 202 are in the heating operation.
  • the compressor frequencies are set to F h ave 1 and F h ave 1 so that the total heating capacity of the first refrigeration cycle unit 201 and the second refrigeration cycle unit 202 is equal to the load capacity of the load device 3.
  • the water temperature is stable at T11.
  • defrosting of the second refrigeration cycle unit 202 was executed in the same manner as at times t10 to t11, and the water temperature dropped to T10.
  • control unit 27 of the second refrigeration cycle unit 202 stores the defrosting interval Tinth 2 , which is the period from the end of defrosting at time t11 to the start of defrosting at time t12.
  • each capacity is estimated and adjusted at the defrosting start timing of the first refrigeration cycle unit 201 so that the load capacity, the heating capacity, and the defrosting capacity are balanced.
  • the load capacity on the load device side during defrosting is calculated by calculating the total value of the heating capacities of the first refrigeration cycle unit 201 and the second refrigeration cycle unit 202. Can be estimated.
  • the control unit 17 cooperates with the control unit 27 to calculate the adjusted defrosting capacity described with reference to FIG. 5, and the defrosting periods Tinted 1 and 2 when defrosting is performed with the adjusted defrosting capacity.
  • one of defrosting and end defrosting time difference of the start between the refrigeration cycle unit (hereinafter, the inter-unit dividing that defrosting interval) total and Tint 21 determines whether shorter than the shortest defrost interval tINTH min2.
  • the defrosting capacity is inversely proportional to the defrosting capacity
  • the changed defrosting period is the reciprocal of the ratio of the changed defrosting capacity to the original defrosting capacity. For example, in the examples shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the defrosting capacity is reduced from 100% to 20%, at which time the defrosting period is extended five-fold.
  • the defrosting interval is an interval (time difference from the end of defrosting to the start of defrosting) other than the refrigeration cycle unit for defrosting. It is assumed that as the heating capacity increases, the amount of frost formation increases and the defrosting interval is shortened. Therefore, the shortest defrost interval tINTH min2 is a value obtained by multiplying the defrost interval tINTH 2 immediately before the ratio of the heating capacity of the heating capacity of the immediately preceding and upper. For example, increasing the heating capacity from 50% to 100% reduces the defrost interval by half.
  • Defrosting period Tintd 1 considering reduction of the compressor frequency when defrosting, it is sufficient that remains below the sum of the shortest defrost interval tINTH min2 and inter-unit defrosting interval Tint 21. Then, even if the load capacity of the load device 3 increases and the heating capacity increases accordingly, the defrosting start timings of the first refrigeration cycle unit 201 and the second refrigeration cycle unit 202 coincide with each other. It will never be.
  • the defrosting of the first refrigeration cycle unit 201 is completed, and at times t15 to t16, the first refrigeration cycle unit 201 and the second refrigeration cycle unit 202 are heated with the same heating capacity as the times t11 to t12. There is.
  • the defrosting operation start condition is satisfied in the second refrigeration cycle unit 202.
  • each capacity is estimated and adjusted at the defrosting start timing of the second refrigeration cycle unit 202 in the same manner as at time t14 so that the load capacity, the heating capacity, and the defrosting capacity are balanced. Then, the defrosting operation of the second refrigeration cycle unit 202 is executed from time t16 to t17.
  • the defrosting is performed. It is possible to suppress a decrease in water temperature.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a configuration of a control device that controls an air conditioner and a remote controller that remotely controls the control device.
  • the remote controller 300 includes an input device 301, a processor 302, and a transmitter 303.
  • the input device 301 includes a push button for the user to switch ON / OFF of the indoor unit, a button for inputting a set temperature, and the like.
  • the transmission device 303 is for communicating with the control device 100.
  • the processor 302 controls the transmission device 303 according to the input signal given from the input device 301.
  • the control device 100 includes a receiving device 101 for receiving a signal from the remote controller, a processor 102, and a memory 103.
  • the memory 103 includes, for example, a ROM (Read Only Memory), a RAM (Random Access Memory), and a flash memory.
  • the flash memory stores the operating system, application programs, and various types of data.
  • the processor 102 controls the overall operation of the air conditioner 1.
  • the control device 100 shown in FIG. 1 is realized by the processor 102 executing the operating system and the application program stored in the memory 103. When executing the application program, various data stored in the memory 103 are referred to.
  • the receiving device 101 is for communicating with the remote controller 300. When there are a plurality of indoor units, the receiving device 101 is provided in each of the plurality of indoor units.
  • each of the plurality of control units includes a processor.
  • a plurality of processors cooperate to perform overall control of the air conditioner 1.
  • FIG. 8 is a flowchart for explaining the control of the first refrigeration cycle unit 201 at the time of defrosting.
  • FIG. 9 is a flowchart for explaining the details of the process of step S3 of FIG.
  • the processing of the flowcharts of FIGS. 8 and 9 is executed by the control device 100 in which the control unit 17 and the control unit 27 are linked.
  • the subscripts 1 and 2 indicate the first refrigeration cycle unit 201 and the second refrigeration cycle unit 202, respectively, where ave indicates the average, max indicates the maximum, and min indicates the minimum.
  • step S1 the control device 100 calculates the actual value of the average frequency during heating of the compressor 11 of the first refrigeration cycle unit 201.
  • the average frequency Fha ve 1 is calculated in the order shown in the following equations (1) to (3).
  • Th 1 ⁇ dth 1 ...
  • Fh 1 ⁇ dfh 1 ...
  • Fh ave1 Fh 1 / Th 1 ... (3)
  • the heating time is integrated and the integrated time Th 1 is calculated.
  • the operating frequencies of the compressor 11 per unit time are integrated, and the integrated frequency Fh 1 is calculated.
  • the average frequency Fh ave 1 of the compressor 11 during the heating operation is calculated by dividing the integrated value Fh 1 by the integrated time Th 1 .
  • step S2 the control device 100 determines whether or not the defrosting start condition of the first refrigeration cycle unit 201 is satisfied.
  • the defrosting start condition is satisfied when the refrigerant temperature at the outlet of the first heat exchanger 13 or the inlet of the compressor 11 acting as an evaporator, that is, the evaporation temperature falls below the threshold value.
  • step S2 If the defrosting start condition is not satisfied in step S2, the calculation of the average frequency Fha ve 1 in step S1 is continued. On the other hand, when the defrosting start condition is satisfied in step S2, the operating frequency of the compressor 21 of the second refrigeration cycle unit 202 during the defrosting period is determined in step S3.
  • step S2 When the defrosting start condition is satisfied in step S2, it corresponds to the time t14 in FIG. Details of the process of the next step S3 are shown in FIG.
  • step S31 the control unit 100, by Equation (4), to calculate the shortest defrost interval tINTH min2 of the second refrigeration cycle unit 202.
  • Tinth min2 Tinth 2 x Fh ave2 / Fh max2 ... (4)
  • step S32 the control device 100 calculates the inter-unit defrosting interval Tin 21 according to the equation (5).
  • time2 dh indicates the time when the second refrigeration cycle unit 202 shifts from defrosting to heating, and corresponds to the time t13 in FIG.
  • time1 hd indicates the time when the first refrigeration cycle unit 201 shifts from heating to defrosting, and corresponds to the time t14 in FIG.
  • the first term of the formula (6) is a maximum heating capacity of 100% of the second refrigeration cycle unit 202 that maintains the heating operation during defrosting in FIG.
  • the second term of the formula (6) is the load capacity sent to the load device 3 in the period immediately before both the first refrigeration cycle unit 201 and the second refrigeration cycle unit 202 were performing the heating operation.
  • step S34 the control device 100 predicts the defrosting operation period of the first refrigeration cycle unit 201 when the defrosting operation capacity is changed by the equation (7).
  • td 1 indicates the defrosting operation period of the first refrigerating cycle unit 201 immediately before.
  • Tintd 1 td 1 ⁇ (defQ 1/100) / (Fd ave1 / Fd max1) ...
  • step S35 the control device 100 calculates the total time Tt 1 of the defrosting interval between units and the defrosting operation time according to the equation (8).
  • Tt 1 Tint 21 + Tinted 1 ...
  • step S36 the control device 100 determines whether or not the defrosting operation capacity defQ 1 calculated in step S33 is positive. If defQ 1> is 0 (YES at S36), at step S37, the control unit 100, the minimum defrost interval tINTH min2 of the second refrigeration cycle unit 202 determines whether a long or not than the total time Tt 1.
  • the control device 100 calculates the operating frequency defHz 1 of the compressor 11 at the time of defrosting by the equation (9) and applies it to the defrosting operation.
  • defHz 1 (defQ 1/100 ) ⁇ Fd max1 ... (9)
  • This operating frequency defHz 1 corresponds to the operating frequency of the compressor 11 at times t14 to t15 in FIG.
  • step S39 the control device 100 sets the operating frequency of the compressor 11 at the time of defrosting to the maximum value F max. Set to. In this case, the same defrosting operation as that performed for the second refrigeration cycle unit 202 is executed at times t10 to t11 and t12 to t13 in FIG.
  • step S3 when the operating frequency of the compressor 11 at the time of defrosting is determined in step S3, the control device 100 stores the defrosting start time time1 hd of the first refrigeration cycle unit 201 in step S4. Then, the defrosting operation is started.
  • step S5 if the defrosting end condition is not satisfied (NO in S6), in step S5, the actual value of the average frequency during defrosting of the compressor 11 is calculated by the following equations (10) and (11). , In the order of equation (12).
  • Td 1 ⁇ dtd 1 ... (10)
  • Fd 1 ⁇ dfd 1 ... (11)
  • Fd ave1 Fd 1 / Td 1 ...
  • the same process is also executed when the defrosting start condition of the second refrigeration cycle unit 202 is satisfied.
  • FIG. 10 is a flowchart for explaining the control of the second refrigeration cycle unit 202 at the time of defrosting.
  • FIG. 11 is a flowchart for explaining the details of the process of step S103 of FIG.
  • step S101 the control device 100 calculates the actual value of the average frequency during heating of the compressor 21 of the second refrigeration cycle unit 202.
  • the average frequency Fha ve 2 is calculated in the order shown in the following equations (21) to (23).
  • Th 2 ⁇ dth 2 ... (21)
  • Fh 2 ⁇ dfh 2 ... (22)
  • Fh ave2 Fh 2 / Th 2 ... (23)
  • the heating time is integrated and the integrated time Th 2 is calculated.
  • the operating frequencies of the compressor 21 per unit time are integrated, and the integrated frequency Fh 2 is calculated.
  • the average frequency Fh ave 2 of the compressor 21 during the heating operation is calculated by dividing the integrated value Fh 2 by the integrated time Th 2 .
  • step S102 the control device 100 determines whether or not the defrosting start condition of the second refrigeration cycle unit 202 is satisfied.
  • the defrosting start condition is satisfied when the refrigerant temperature at the outlet of the first heat exchanger 23 or the inlet of the compressor 21, which is acting as an evaporator, that is, the evaporation temperature falls below the threshold value.
  • step S102 If the defrosting start condition is not satisfied in step S102, the calculation of the average frequency Fha ve 2 in step S101 is continued. On the other hand, when the defrosting start condition is satisfied in step S102, the operating frequency of the compressor 21 of the second refrigeration cycle unit 202 during the defrosting period is determined in step S103.
  • step S102 When the defrosting start condition is satisfied in step S102, it corresponds to the time t16 in FIG. Details of the process of the next step S103 are shown in FIG.
  • step S131 the control device 100 calculates the shortest defrosting interval Tinth min 1 of the first refrigeration cycle unit 201 according to the equation (24).
  • Tinth min1 Tinth 1 x Fh ave1 / Fh max1 ... (24)
  • step S132 the control device 100 calculates the inter-unit defrosting interval Tint 12 according to the equation (25).
  • time1 dh indicates the time when the first refrigeration cycle unit 201 shifts from defrosting to heating, and corresponds to the time t15 in FIG.
  • time2 hd indicates the time when the second refrigeration cycle unit 202 shifts from heating to defrosting, and corresponds to the time t16 in FIG.
  • the first term of the formula (26) is the reverse of FIG. 5, in which the first refrigeration cycle unit 201 performs the heating operation and the second refrigeration cycle unit 202 performs the defrosting operation, and the heating operation is maintained at the time of defrosting.
  • the maximum heating capacity of the first refrigeration cycle unit 201 is 100%.
  • the second term of the formula (26) is the load capacity sent to the load device 3 in the period immediately before both the first refrigeration cycle unit 201 and the second refrigeration cycle unit 202 were performing the heating operation.
  • the control device 100 predicts the defrosting operation time of the second refrigeration cycle unit 202 when the defrosting operation capacity is changed by the equation (27).
  • Tintd 2 td 2 ⁇ (defQ 2/100) / (Fd ave2 / Fd max2) ...
  • step S135 the control device 100 calculates the total time Tt 2 of the defrosting interval between units and the defrosting operation time according to the equation (28).
  • Tt 2 Tint 12 + Tinted 2 ...
  • step S136 the control device 100 determines whether or not the defrosting operation capacity defQ 2 calculated in step S133 is positive.
  • step S137 the control device 100 determines whether or not the shortest defrost interval Tinth min 1 of the first refrigeration cycle unit 201 is longer than the total time Tt 2 .
  • the control device 100 calculates the operating frequency defHz 2 of the compressor 21 at the time of defrosting by the equation (29) and applies it to the defrosting operation.
  • defHz 2 (defQ 2/100 ) ⁇ Fd max2 ... (29)
  • This operating frequency defHz 2 corresponds to the operating frequency of the compressor 21 at times t16 to t17 in FIG.
  • step S139 the control device 100 sets the operating frequency of the compressor 21 at the time of defrosting to the maximum value F max. Set to. In this case, the same defrosting operation as that performed on the first refrigeration cycle unit 201 is performed on the second refrigeration cycle unit 202 at times t10 to t11 and t12 to t13 in FIG.
  • the heat source machine 2 shown in FIG. 1 includes a first refrigeration cycle unit 201, a second refrigeration cycle unit 202, and a control device 100.
  • the first refrigerating cycle unit 201 and the second refrigerating cycle unit 202 each have independent refrigerant circuits that use a refrigerant, are arranged in a common water circulation path, and control the water temperature.
  • the control device 100 controls the heating capacity of the first refrigeration cycle unit 201 and the second refrigeration cycle unit 202 during the heating operation and the defrosting capacity during the defrosting operation.
  • the control device 100 determines the defrosting capacity of the first refrigerating cycle unit 201 in the defrosting operation and starts the defrosting operation.
  • the first defrosting start condition is satisfied when, for example, as determined in step S2 of FIG. 8, the evaporation temperature of the first refrigeration cycle unit 201 falls below the threshold value.
  • the defrosting capacity of the first refrigeration cycle unit 201 is determined within a range that satisfies the first determination condition and within a range that satisfies the second determination condition.
  • the total of the load capacity of the load device 3 that utilizes the heat of the heat medium such as water when the first defrost start condition is satisfied and the defrost capacity of the first refrigeration cycle unit 201 is the second.
  • the condition is that the heating capacity of the refrigeration cycle unit 202 is not exceeded.
  • the defrosting operation capacity defQ 1 of the first refrigerating cycle unit 201 for keeping the water temperature unchanged is calculated so as to satisfy the first determination condition.
  • the second determination condition is the inter-unit defrost interval Tint 21 and the first refrigeration cycle unit 201 from the time when the defrost operation of the second refrigeration cycle unit 202 is completed to the time when the first defrost start condition is satisfied immediately before.
  • total time Tt 1 of the defrosting period Tintd 1 is located with the proviso that the second refrigeration cycle unit 202 does not exceed the minimum defrost interval tINTH min2 of the second refrigeration cycle unit 202 in the case of operating at the upper limit of the heating capacity .
  • the formula (7), (8) the total time Tt 1 calculated by the equation (4) is calculated shortest defrost interval tINTH min2 a second by the control unit 100 at step S37 are compared in FIG. 9 Judgment conditions are judged.
  • the first refrigeration cycle unit 201 includes a compressor 11 having a variable operating frequency, for example, an inverter compressor.
  • the control device 100 formulates the operating frequency of the compressor 11 in the defrosting operation so as to correspond to the determined defrosting capacity of the first refrigeration cycle unit 201. Calculate in (9) and change.
  • the control device 100 is the first refrigeration cycle unit when both the first refrigeration cycle unit 201 and the second refrigeration cycle unit 202 are in the heating operation when the first defrosting start condition is satisfied.
  • the total value of the heating capacity of 201 and the heating capacity of the second refrigeration cycle unit 202 is calculated, and the difference between the total value and the maximum heating capacity of the second refrigeration cycle unit 202 is the defrosting operation capacity that satisfies the first determination condition. Calculated as defQ 1 .
  • the control device 100 calculates the defrosting operation capacity defQ 1 by the equation (6).
  • the control device 100 calculates defrosting so as to satisfy the first determination condition of 100 ⁇ (Fd ave1 / Fd max1 ), which is the defrosting capacity in the defrosting period td 1 of the first refrigerating cycle unit 201 immediately before.
  • a value obtained by multiplying the ratio with the operating capacity defQ 1 to the defrosting period td 1 of the immediately preceding first refrigeration cycle unit 201 is applied as a new defrosting period Tinted 1 , and the second determination condition is satisfied in step S37.
  • the control device 100 has an average frequency corresponding to the actual value of the defrosting interval Tinth 2 of the second refrigerating cycle unit 202 immediately before and the actual value of the heating capacity of the second refrigerating cycle unit 202 in the immediately preceding defrosting interval. Multiply by Fh ave2 and divide by the operating frequency Fh max2 corresponding to the upper limit of the heating capacity of the second refrigeration cycle unit 202 to obtain the shortest defrost interval Tinth min2 .
  • the control device 100 determines the defrosting capacity of the first refrigerating cycle unit 201 so as to satisfy the first determination condition, and the determined first refrigerating cycle unit.
  • the defrosting period Tinted 1 when the defrosting operation is performed with the defrosting capacity of 201 is calculated by the equation (7).
  • the control device 100 determines the defrosting capacity of the first refrigerating cycle unit 201 so that the defrosting period of the first refrigerating cycle unit 201 is the shortest. To determine.
  • the heat source machine 2, the load device 3, and the pump 6 are separated.
  • the second heat exchangers 16 and 26 are separated from each other, and the pump 6 and the second heat exchangers 16 and 26 are separated. It may also be used as a repeater.
  • the main part of the control device 100 may be arranged in either the heat source machine 2 or the load device 3.
  • the heat medium may be any other medium as long as it carries heat.
  • brine may be used instead of water.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Defrosting Systems (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
PCT/JP2019/026525 2019-07-03 2019-07-03 冷凍サイクル装置 Ceased WO2021001969A1 (ja)

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JP2021529636A JP7150177B2 (ja) 2019-07-03 2019-07-03 冷凍サイクル装置
US18/000,149 US12169090B2 (en) 2019-07-03 2019-07-03 Refrigeration cycle apparatus
PCT/JP2019/026525 WO2021001969A1 (ja) 2019-07-03 2019-07-03 冷凍サイクル装置
CN201980097971.3A CN114026373B (zh) 2019-07-03 2019-07-03 制冷环路装置
EP19936504.0A EP3995763B1 (en) 2019-07-03 2019-07-03 Refrigeration cycle device

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EP3995763A1 (en) 2022-05-11
CN114026373A (zh) 2022-02-08
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EP3995763A4 (en) 2022-07-20
JPWO2021001969A1 (https=) 2021-01-07
CN114026373B (zh) 2023-01-10
EP3995763B1 (en) 2023-06-07
US20230204276A1 (en) 2023-06-29

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