WO2020243985A1 - 托盘及货架 - Google Patents

托盘及货架 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020243985A1
WO2020243985A1 PCT/CN2019/091133 CN2019091133W WO2020243985A1 WO 2020243985 A1 WO2020243985 A1 WO 2020243985A1 CN 2019091133 W CN2019091133 W CN 2019091133W WO 2020243985 A1 WO2020243985 A1 WO 2020243985A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
baffle
tray
push plate
pallet
goods
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/091133
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
冯立男
马捷昱
夏鼎
李庭涛
邬文尧
张一玫
Original Assignee
上海追月科技有限公司
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 上海追月科技有限公司 filed Critical 上海追月科技有限公司
Publication of WO2020243985A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020243985A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47F—SPECIAL FURNITURE, FITTINGS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR SHOPS, STOREHOUSES, BARS, RESTAURANTS OR THE LIKE; PAYING COUNTERS
    • A47F1/00—Racks for dispensing merchandise; Containers for dispensing merchandise
    • A47F1/04—Racks or containers with arrangements for dispensing articles, e.g. by means of gravity or springs

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a goods stacking device used in the retail industry, in particular to a tray and a shelf.
  • the server needs to accurately determine the type of goods that the user takes from the shelf, and the quantity of goods taken or put back. And unit price, etc., so as to automatically realize settlement for users.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a pallet and a shelf, which can solve the problems of poor perception accuracy, large monitoring error, high cost, and easy loss of goods in the prior art.
  • the present invention provides a tray, which includes a pallet, a guide rail, a first baffle, a push plate and a distance sensor.
  • the pallet is used to place goods;
  • the guide rail is arranged on the top of the pallet and extends from the front end of the pallet to the rear end of the pallet;
  • the first baffle is vertically connected to the front end of the guide rail;
  • the push plate is slidable Installed to the guide rail, one side of the push plate is arranged opposite to the first baffle;
  • the distance sensor is arranged at the rear or front end of the pallet, and the other side of the push plate is connected to the distance sensor Relatively arranged; wherein the goods are placed on the guide rail between the push plate and the first baffle, and the distance sensor is used to collect the distance between the push plate and the distance sensor in real time.
  • the tray further includes an elastic member, one end of which is connected to the push plate, and the other end of which is connected to the first baffle.
  • the push plate includes a cavity, an opening and a coil spring
  • the cavity is provided at the lower part of the push plate; the opening is provided on the bottom surface or a side surface of the push plate; the coil spring is spirally arranged In the cavity, one end is connected to the push plate, and the other end is connected to the first baffle through the opening.
  • the said tray further includes a second baffle, a third baffle and at least one partition.
  • the second baffle is vertically connected to the front end of the support plate;
  • the third baffle is vertically connected to the rear end of the support plate;
  • one end of the partition is detachably connected to the second baffle, The other end is detachably connected to the third baffle.
  • the tray further includes a first card slot, a second card slot, a first card block and a second card block.
  • the first card slot penetrates the lower part of the second baffle; the second card slot penetrates the top of the third baffle; the first locking block protrudes from the lower part of the side wall at the front end of a partition, The second clamping block protrudes from the top of the side wall at the rear end of a partition, and is detachably clamped into the second clamping slot.
  • the said tray further includes a bottom plate, a fifth baffle and a distance sensor.
  • the bottom plate is arranged below the supporting plate; the fifth baffle is vertically connected to the rear end of the bottom plate; the distance sensor is detachably connected to the top of the fifth baffle.
  • the tray further includes a bottom plate and a weight sensor; the bottom plate is arranged under the pallet; the upper surface of one end of the weight sensor is connected to the lower surface of the pallet, and the lower surface of the other end Connected to the upper surface of the bottom plate.
  • the tray further includes a collection board, connected to the distance sensor and/or weight sensor, and connected to a data processing system.
  • the tray further includes a label holder and a bar-shaped light source, the label holder is connected to the front end of the pallet; the bar-shaped light source is arranged in the label holder.
  • the distance sensor includes a laser sensor, an infrared sensor or an acoustic wave sensor.
  • the tray further includes a data processing unit for judging whether the goods on each rail are taken or put back according to the real-time change of the distance between the push plate and the distance sensor, and judging whether each The quantity of goods on a rail that have been taken or put back.
  • the present invention also provides a shelf, which includes any of the aforementioned trays.
  • the beneficial effect of the present invention is to provide a pallet and a rack.
  • the goods on the pallet are always pushed toward the front end, so that multiple goods on the same guide rail are continuously and tightly arranged in a row.
  • the data processing unit can be based on the moving distance and
  • the width value of a single product calculates the pick-and-place status of the shipped product and the type and quantity of the picked-up product, which can solve the problems of high labor costs in the retail industry and the inability to monitor sales in real time in the prior art.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the tray according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of the tray according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the guide rail and the push plate according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the push plate according to the embodiment of the present invention after removing the push plate shell;
  • Figure 6 is a rear view of the push plate according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the pallet, the partition and the fourth baffle according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pallet according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the partition according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth baffle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bottom plate according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of functional modules of a data processing unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of functional modules of a product database generating unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of functional modules of a pick-and-place state judgment unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • stiffener 41, cavity, 42, opening, 43, coil spring, 44, left side plate
  • Goods category judgment unit 235. Goods quantity calculation unit.
  • the part When some part is described as being “on” another part, the part may be directly placed on the other part; there may also be an intermediate part on which the part is placed, And the middle part is placed on another part.
  • a component When a component is described as “installed to” or “connected to” another component, both can be understood as directly “installed” or “connected”, or a component is indirectly “mounted to” or “connected to” through an intermediate component “Another component.
  • This embodiment provides a shelf, which includes a plurality of brackets (not shown) arranged in parallel.
  • a plurality of pallets 100 are detachably installed on any two adjacent brackets.
  • the pallets 100 can be arranged horizontally or parallel to each other on the shelf. .
  • the shelf or tray 100 may be installed in a refrigerator or freezer.
  • this embodiment provides a tray 100 including a pallet 1, a guide rail 2, a first baffle 3, a push plate 4, and a distance sensor 5.
  • the pallet 1 is used to place the goods;
  • the guide rail 2 is set on the top of the pallet 1 and extends from the front end of the pallet 1 to the rear end of the pallet 1;
  • the first baffle 3 is vertically connected to the front end of the guide rail 2;
  • the push plate 4 can be slidably mounted to Guide rail 2, one side of the push plate 4 is opposite to the first baffle 3;
  • the distance sensor 5 is arranged at the rear or front end of the pallet 1, and the other side of the push plate 4 is opposite to the distance sensor 5; for the distance sensor 5
  • the distance between the push plate 4 and the distance sensor 5 is collected in real time.
  • the goods are placed on the guide rail 2 between the push plate 4 and the first baffle 3.
  • goods of the same type are preferably placed on the same guide rail.
  • the goods of the same type have standard products of the same size and weight. The size deviation and weight deviation of the goods are less than or equal to 10%.
  • the distance sensor 5 collects the distance between the push plate 4 and the distance sensor 5 in real time, and sends it to the data processing unit 200.
  • the data processing unit 200 can determine the increase or decrease of the quantity of goods in the tray 100 by comparing the change of the distance.
  • the distance sensor 5 is arranged at the rear end of the pallet 1, when the goods in the pallet 100 are removed, the distance sensor 5 measures the distance between the push plate 4 and the distance sensor 5 to increase; when the goods in the pallet 100 are returned, the distance The sensor 5 measures that the distance between the push plate 4 and the distance sensor 5 decreases.
  • the data processing unit 200 compares whether the distance is increased or decreased by real-time measurement each time, and then knows the pick-and-place status of the goods, so as to determine whether the goods are taken or put back.
  • the distance sensor 5 is used to measure the distance between the push plate 4 and the distance sensor 5.
  • the data processing unit 200 can calculate the distance between the push plate 4 and the first baffle 3, that is, the total thickness of the at least one product.
  • the distance sensor 5 measures the distance between the push plate 4 and the distance sensor 5 to decrease; when the goods in the pallet 100 are placed back, the distance sensor 5 measures the distance between the push plate 4 and the distance sensor 5 The distance increases.
  • the data processing unit 200 compares whether the distance is increased or decreased by real-time measurement each time, so as to know the pick-and-place status of the goods, so as to determine whether the goods are taken or put back.
  • the distance sensor 5 includes a laser sensor, an infrared sensor or an acoustic wave sensor.
  • the distance sensor 5 as a laser sensor as an example, the light beam emitted by the distance sensor 5 is perpendicular to the plane where the push plate 4 is located, and the light beam can be reflected back to the distance sensor 5 for reception.
  • the distance sensor 5 emits laser light multiple times in succession to realize real-time collection and push The distance between the plate 4 and the distance sensor 5. For example, if the time interval for the distance sensor 5 to emit and receive laser light is 0.1 to 0.4 seconds, the time interval for collecting the distance between the push plate 4 and the distance sensor 5 is also 0.1 to 0.4 seconds. If the distance changes, the data processing unit 200 New distance data can be obtained within 0.1 to 0.4 seconds.
  • the tray 100 further includes an elastic member 6, one end of which is connected to the push plate 4, and the other end of which is connected to the first baffle 3.
  • the elastic member 6 is retractable.
  • the elastic member 6 deforms, so that the push plate 4 receives a pulling force toward the first baffle 3, causing the push
  • the goods arranged in sequence between the plate 4 and the first baffle 3 are compressed, and two adjacent goods are tangent to each other.
  • the distance sensor 5 measures the distance between the push plate 4 and the distance sensor 5, and the data processing unit 200 can calculate the distance between the push plate 4 and the first baffle 3, that is, the total thickness of the at least one product.
  • the elastic member 6 When the goods are removed or put back, as long as the number of goods between the first baffle 3 and the push plate 4 is more than one, the elastic member 6 always maintains a deformed state, and the push plate 4 is continuously subjected to the direction of the first baffle 3 Pulling force, slide along the guide rail 2 to the first baffle 3 until the push plate 4 again presses the goods, the distance sensor 5 again measures the distance between the push plate 4 and the distance sensor 5, and the data processing unit 200 can calculate again based on this The distance between the push plate 4 and the first baffle 3 is the total thickness of several products at this time.
  • the push plate 4 is slidably mounted to the guide rail 2, and the elastic member is preferably a coil spring.
  • the push plate 4 includes a cavity 41, an opening 42 and a coil spring 43.
  • the cavity 41 is provided in the lower part of the push plate 4; the opening 42 is provided on the bottom surface or one side of the push plate 4 (this embodiment is preferably the bottom surface of the push plate, in other embodiments it can also be provided on the side of the front end of the push plate); the coil spring 43 is spiral
  • the type is set in the cavity 41, one end of which is connected to the push plate 4, and the other end of which is connected to the first baffle 3 through the opening 42.
  • the push plate 4 includes a left side plate 44 and a right side plate 45 arranged opposite to each other, and also includes a front side plate 46 vertically connected to the left side plate 44 and the right side plate 45.
  • the guide rail 2 includes a first rail 24 and a second rail 25 arranged in parallel, and a rail gap 26 is provided between the first rail 24 and the second rail 25.
  • One end of the coil spring 43 is detachably connected to the left side plate 44 and the right side plate 45, and the other end thereof is connected to the first baffle 3 through the opening 42 and the track gap 26.
  • the bottom of the front side plate 46 is provided with a first sliding groove 461 and a second sliding groove 462, the first sliding groove 461 can be slidably engaged with the first rail 24, and the second sliding groove 462 can be It is slidably engaged with the second rail 25, and the left side plate 44 and the right side plate 45 have no contact with the first rail 24 and the second rail 25.
  • the front side plate 46 has a certain thickness, which can meet the line contact in the track gap 26, and is convenient to keep the push plate 4 perpendicular to the guide rail 2 and can slide along the guide rail 2.
  • the push plate 4, the left side plate 44 and the right side plate 45 are all clamped in the track gap 26 to ensure the line contact of the push plate 4 in the track gap 26, so as to keep the push plate 4 perpendicular to the guide rail 2. And can slide.
  • the shape of the push plate 4 can be set as a shell with a certain thickness, which includes structures such as the left side plate 44, the right side plate 45 and the front side plate 46, which can achieve line contact in the track gap 26 and facilitate the maintenance of the push plate.
  • the plate 4 is perpendicular to the guide rail 2 and can slide.
  • the push plate 4 further includes a cylinder (not shown) rotatably installed in the cavity 41, and both ends of the cylinder are rotatably connected to the left side plate 44 and the right side plate 45.
  • the central axis of the cylinder is perpendicular to the guide rail 2 and parallel to the front side plate 46; the coil spring 43 is spirally sleeved on the outside of the cylinder, one end of which is connected to the cylinder, and the other end of which passes through the opening 42 and the rail
  • the gap 26 is connected to the first baffle 3.
  • the upper cross section of the push plate 4 is trapezoidal, rectangular or triangular, so that the design can be pushed by the push plate 4 and is beautiful.
  • the height of the push plate 4 is preferably greater than the height of the first baffle 3 to facilitate pushing the push plate 4 to take and place goods.
  • the tray 100 further includes a second baffle 7, a third baffle 8, and at least one partition 9.
  • the second baffle 7 is vertically connected to the front end of the pallet 1;
  • the third baffle 8 is vertically connected to the rear end of the pallet 1;
  • one end of the baffle 9 is detachably connected to the second baffle 7, and the other end is detachable Connected to the third baffle 8.
  • the lower part of the second baffle 7 is provided with a first slot 21, and the top and upper part of the third baffle 8 is provided with a second slot 22.
  • the lower part of the side wall at the front end of the partition 9 is provided with a first protruding block 91, which can be detachably snapped into the first card slot 21; the top and upper part of the side wall at the rear end of the partition 9 are provided with protruding
  • the second clamping block 92 is detachably clamped into the second clamping slot 22.
  • the first locking block 91 is inserted into the first slot 21 first, and then the second locking block 92 is inserted into the second slot 22.
  • the second clamping block 92 is now taken out of the second clamping slot 22, and then the first clamping block 91 is taken out of the first clamping slot 21.
  • One partition 9 can divide the pallet 1 into two fields, and a plurality of partitions 9 are arranged parallel to each other, and the pallet 1 can be divided into more than three fields. Specifically, the user can install or remove the partition 9 and adjust the position of the partition 9 according to the width of the goods to be placed. Different partition 9 settings can be used to place a variety of goods with different widths on the pallet 1.
  • the tray 100 further includes a bottom plate 11 and a fifth baffle 12.
  • the bottom plate 11 is arranged in parallel below the support plate 1; the fifth baffle 12 is vertically connected to the rear end of the bottom plate 11; the distance sensor 5 is detachably connected to the top of the fifth baffle 12 and is arranged opposite to a side of the push plate 4.
  • the distance sensor 5 is provided at the rear end of the pallet 1. In other embodiments, the distance sensor 5 may also be provided at the front end of the pallet 1.
  • a fence is formed above each guide rail 2, which is surrounded by the first baffle 1, the fifth baffle 12, the two partitions 9 and the bottom plate 11.
  • the fence is an open box body.
  • the tray 100 further includes a collection board 14 connected to the distance sensor 5 and connected to a data processing system (not shown), which is a PC or a server.
  • the data processing unit 200 includes an item database generating unit 210, a distance value collecting unit 220, a pick-and-place state judgment unit 230 and an item database update unit 240.
  • the distance sensing value initialization unit 213 is used to collect the distance sensing value of each field after the goods are placed, and store it in the goods database.
  • the product information may also include the position information of each product on the tray 100, and each type of product forms a corresponding relationship with one or more fields. If the distance sensing value corresponding to a certain field changes thereafter, the data processing unit 200 You can determine the category of goods in the field.
  • the distance value collection unit 220 is used to collect the distance sensing value corresponding to each column on a shelf in real time, which is the distance between the distance sensor 5 of each column and the push plate 4; the time interval for collecting the distance sensing value is 0.1 ⁇ 0.3 Seconds, when any item in any column is removed or put back, the distance sensing value corresponding to the guide rail changes instantly, and the data processing unit 200 can learn this event in a very short time.
  • the pick-and-place state judging unit 230 is used to judge whether the distance sensing value of each column has changed, to judge whether there is any goods in the column being taken away, or whether there are goods being placed in the column. In this embodiment, when the distance sensor 5 is set at the rear end of the guide rail 2, if the distance sensing value corresponding to any column becomes larger, the pick-and-place state determination unit 230 determines that the column has goods to be removed; if it becomes smaller , The pick-and-place state judging unit 230 judges that there are goods placed in the field.
  • the pick-and-place state judging unit 230 determines that there are goods in the column to be taken away; Large, the pick-and-place state determination unit 230 determines that there are goods placed in the field.
  • the pick-and-place state judgment unit 230 includes a distance difference calculation unit 231, a distance difference judgment unit 232, and an information recording unit 233.
  • the distance difference calculation unit 231 is used to calculate the difference between the distance sensing value corresponding to each guide rail 2 collected in real time and the distance sensing value corresponding to the same guide rail 2 stored in the goods database, and the difference is recorded as each guide rail 2 corresponds to
  • the distance difference judgment unit 232 is used to compare the distance difference corresponding to at least one guide rail 2 with 0; when the distance difference corresponding to a guide rail 2 is less than 0, it is determined that the distance sensing value corresponding to the guide rail 2 has changed When the distance difference of a column 2 is greater than 0, it is determined that the distance sensing value corresponding to the guide rail 2 becomes larger; when the distance difference corresponding to a guide rail 2 is greater than or less than 0, the information recording unit 233 is used to record The rail number corresponding to the rail 2 and the distance difference corresponding to the rail 2.
  • the pick-and-place state determination unit 230 further includes: a type determination unit 234 and a quantity calculation unit 235.
  • the goods category judging unit 234 is used for judging the type of goods taken away according to the guide rail number and the goods information corresponding to the guide rail 2; the goods quantity calculating unit 235 is used for calculating the absolute value of the distance difference between a guide rail 2 and the shelf board The ratio of the width value of the corresponding single product is rounded off by the rounding method, and the integer obtained is the quantity of the removed product.
  • the goods database update unit 240 is used to store the distance sensing value in the goods database to update the distance sensing value corresponding to each guide rail 2 in the goods database to ensure that the distance sensing value stored in the goods database is always consistent with the push plate 4 and the distance sensor 5 The actual distance between them is the same to ensure the accuracy of the data, so as to facilitate the further judgment of the goods in each column.
  • the tray 100 may further include a weight sensor 13, the upper surface of one end of the weight sensor 13 is connected to the lower surface of the pallet 1, and the lower surface of the other end of the weight sensor 13 is connected to the upper surface of the bottom plate 11.
  • the weight sensor 13 is used to obtain the weight sensing value of each pallet 100, that is, the total weight of at least one product placed on the pallet 1, and the data processing unit 200 can detect the weight sensing value of each pallet 100 in real time. The pick-and-place state of the goods in the tray 100.
  • the data processing unit 200 judges the pick-and-place status of the goods in the multiple pallets 100 on the shelf according to the comparison of the total weight of the goods. If a certain pallet 100 corresponds to If the weight value becomes smaller, it can be judged that the goods on the pallet 100 are removed; if the weight value of a certain pallet 100 becomes larger, it can be judged that the goods on the pallet 100 are put back.
  • the push plate 4 when some users remove or place goods from the pallet 100 to the pallet 100, they may move the push plate 4 back a certain distance before taking and placing the goods and staying for a short time to complete the operation of taking and placing goods. Then let go of the push plate 4; some users may deliberately push and pull the goods on the pallet 100 and push the push plate 4 back a certain distance, but the operation of removing or putting the goods back from the pallet 100 to the pallet 100 is not completed, and After staying for a long time, the push plate 4 is released; after the push plate 4 is released, it quickly slides forward under the action of the elastic member to clamp the goods again. During this process, the distance between the push plate 4 and the distance sensor 5 will also change several times in a short period of time.
  • the distance sensor 5 related solutions may cause more occurrences of the pick-and-place state judgment unit 230. The judgment is wrong; therefore, if the distance sensor 5 related solution is combined with the weight sensor 13 related solution, two methods can be used to judge the pick-and-place status of the same tray 100 at the same time twice.
  • the solution of providing the distance sensor 5 above the tray 100 is used to determine the type and quantity of the goods to be removed or put back, and the solution of installing the weight sensor 13 in the tray 100 is only used to verify the previous solution critical result.
  • the data processing unit 200 makes a judgment result based on the real-time data of the distance sensor 5, if the judgment result is consistent with one of the estimation results made based on the real-time data of the weight sensor 13 in the same period, or the judgment result
  • the corresponding product weight value is consistent with the change value of the pallet 100 weight sensing value in the same period, and the result can be considered accurate; if it is inconsistent, the data processing unit 200 will alarm to remind the staff of manual intervention.
  • the two results are consistent, which means that the error of the two results data is less than 5%.
  • the calculation result is made based on the numerical number of the weight sensor 13, which increases the accuracy of the judgment and can effectively reduce the error rate.
  • the tray 100 further includes a label holder 15 and a bar-shaped light source 16.
  • the label holder 15 is connected to the front end of the pallet 1.
  • the bar-shaped light source 16 is provided in the label holder 15 for illuminating the label holder 15 or The tray 100 provides lighting.
  • the label holder 15 can be affixed with a label or a slot card can be provided with a label, and the product information of different goods 6 can be written, so that the user can understand the product information, such as product name, type, origin, price, etc.
  • the trays and shelves of the present invention have very important applications in the intelligent retail industry, especially in the field of unmanned supermarkets.
  • the beneficial effect of the present invention is to provide a pallet and a rack.
  • the goods on the pallet are always pushed toward the front end, so that multiple goods on the same guide rail are continuously and tightly arranged in a row.
  • the data processing unit can be based on the moving distance and
  • the width value of a single product calculates the pick-and-place status of the shipped product and the type and quantity of the picked-up product, which can solve the problems of high labor costs in the retail industry and the inability to monitor sales in real time in the prior art.

Abstract

本发明提供一种托盘及货架，所述货架包括所述托盘，所述托盘包括托板、导轨、第一挡板、推板和距离传感器。

Description

托盘及货架 技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于零售业的货品堆放装置，具体地说，涉及一种托盘及货架。
背景技术
传统零售业的购物方式，每一家超市货便利店需要有专职的销售人员，人力成本较高。随着电子支付技术、身份识别技术及云计算技术的发展，无人便利店、无人超市项目在技术上具备很高的可行性。
在无人超市项目中，急需解决的一个基本问题就是用户选购货品的判断和记录问题，具体地说，服务器需要准确判定用户从货架上取走货品的种类、取走或放回货品的数量及单价等，以便自动为用户实现结算。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于，提供一种托盘及货架，可以解决现有技术存在的货品取放状态的感知精准度差、监控误差较大、成本较高、货品容易丢失的问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供一种托盘，包括托板、导轨、第一挡板、推板和距离传感器。所述托板用以放置货品；导轨设于所述托板顶部，从所述托板前端延伸至所述托板后端；第一挡板垂直连接至所述导轨前端；推板可滑动式安装至所述导轨，所述推板的一侧面与所述第一挡板相对设置；距离传感器设于所述托板的后端或前端，所述推板的另一侧面与所述距离传感器相对设置；其中，所述货品被放置于所述推板与所述第一挡板之间的导轨上，所述距离传感器用以实时采集所述推板与所述距离传感器之间的距离。
进一步的，其中所述的托盘还包括弹性件，其一端连接至所述推板，其另一端连接至所述第一挡板。
进一步的，其中所述推板包括空腔、开口以及卷簧，所述空腔设于所述推板下部；所述开口设于所述推板底面或一侧面；所述卷簧螺旋式设于所述空腔内，其一端连接至所述推板，其另一端穿过所述开口连接至所述第一挡板。
进一步的，其中所述的托盘还包括第二挡板、第三挡板以及至少一隔板。所述第二挡板垂直连接至所述托板的前端；所述第三挡板垂直连接至所述托板的后端；所述隔板一端可拆卸式连接至所述第二挡板，其另一端可拆卸式连接至所述第三挡板。
进一步的，其中所述的托盘还包括第四挡板，可拆卸式安装至所述第二挡板与所述第一挡板之间。
进一步的，其中所述的托盘还包括第一卡槽、第二卡槽、第一卡块和第二卡块。所 述第一卡槽贯穿于所述第二挡板下部；所述第二卡槽贯穿于所述第三挡板顶部；所述第一卡块突出于一隔板前端的侧壁下部，可拆卸式卡入至所述第一卡槽；所述第二卡块突出于一隔板后端的侧壁顶部，可拆卸式卡入至所述第二卡槽。
进一步的，其中所述的托盘还包括第三卡槽，贯穿于第四挡板下部，且延伸至其底部；至少一隔板的第一卡块可拆卸式卡入至所述第三卡槽。
进一步的，其中所述的托盘还包括底板、第五挡板及距离传感器。所述底板设于所述托板下方；所述第五挡板垂直连接至所述底板的后端；所述距离传感器可拆卸式连接至所述第五挡板顶部。
进一步的，其中所述的托盘还包括底板和重量传感器；所述底板设于所述托板下方；所述重量传感器一端的上表面连接至所述托板的下表面，其另一端的下表面连接至所述底板的上表面。
进一步的，其中所述的托盘还包括采集板，连接至所述距离传感器和/或重量传感器，且连接至一数据处理系统。
进一步的，其中所述的托盘还包括标签支架以及条形光源，所述标签支架连接至所述托板的前端；所述条形光源设于所述标签支架内。
进一步的，其中所述距离传感器包括激光传感器、红外线传感器或声波传感器。
进一步的，其中所述托盘还包括数据处理单元，用以根据所述推板与所述距离传感器之间距离的实时变化判断每一导轨上的货品是否被取走或被放回，以及判断每一导轨上的货品被取走或被放回的数量。
为实现上述目的，本发明还提供一种货架，包括前文所述任意一种托盘。
本发明的有益效果在于，提供一种托盘及货架，托盘上的货品始终受到向前端的推力，使得同一导轨上的多个货品持续紧密排成一列，数据处理单元可以根据推板的移动距离和单一货品的宽度值推算出货品的取放状态和被取放货品的种类和数量，可以解决现有技术存在的零售业人力成本高和无法实时监控销售情况等问题。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例所述托盘的整体结构示意图；
图2为本发明实施例所述托盘另一方向的整体结构示意图；
图3为本发明实施例所述托盘的分解结构示意图；
图4为本发明实施例所述导轨及推板的结构示意图；
图5为本发明实施例所述推板去除推板外壳后的结构示意图；
图6为本发明实施例所述推板的后视图；
图7为本发明实施例所述托板、所述隔板及所述第四挡板的组装结构示意图；
图8为本发明实施例所述托板的结构示意图；
图9为本发明实施例所述隔板的结构示意图；
图10为本发明实施例所述第四挡板的结构示意图；
图11为本发明实施例所述底板的结构示意图；
图12为本发明实施例所述数据处理单元的功能模块示意图；
图13为本发明实施例所述货品数据库生成单元的功能模块示意图；
图14为本发明实施例所述取放状态判断单元的功能模块简图。
图中各个部件标号如下：
1、托板，2、导轨，3、第一挡板，4、推板，5、距离传感器，
6、弹性件，7、第二挡板，8、第三挡板，9、隔板，10、第四挡板，
11、底板，12、第五挡板，13、重量传感器，14、采集板，
15、标签支架，16、条形光源，21、第一卡槽，22、第二卡槽，
23、第三卡槽，24、第一轨道，25、第二轨道，26、轨道间隙，
31、加强筋，41、空腔，42、开口，43、卷簧，44、左侧板，
45、右侧板，46、前侧板，47、推板外壳，91、第一卡块，
92、第二卡块，100、托盘，461、第一滑槽，462、第二滑槽；
200、数据处理单元，210、货品数据库生成单元，220、距离值采集单元，
230、取放状态判断单元，240、货品数据库更新单元，
211、初始化单元，212、信息录入单元，213、距离感应值初始化单元，
231、距离差值计算单元，232、距离差值判断单元，233、信息记录单元，
234、货品种类判断单元，235、货品数量计算单元。
具体实施方式
以下参考说明书附图完整介绍本发明的优选实施例，使其技术内容更加清楚和便于理解。本发明可以通过许多不同形式的实施例来得以体现，其保护范围并非仅限于文中提到的实施例。
在附图中，结构相同的部件以相同数字标号表示，各处结构或功能相似的部件以相似数字标号表示。本发明所提到的方向用语，例如，上、下、前、后、左、右、内、外、上表面、下表面、侧面、顶部、底部、前端、后端、末端等，仅是附图中的方向，只是用 来解释和说明本发明，而不是用来限定本发明的保护范围。
当某些部件被描述为“在”另一部件“上”时，所述部件可以直接置于所述另一部件上；也可以存在一中间部件，所述部件置于所述中间部件上，且所述中间部件置于另一部件上。当一个部件被描述为“安装至”或“连接至”另一部件时，二者可以理解为直接“安装”或“连接”，或者一个部件通过一中间部件间接“安装至”或“连接至”另一个部件。
本实施例提供一种货架，包括平行设置的多个支架(图未示)，任意两个相邻支架上可拆卸式安装有多个托盘100，托盘100在货架上可以水平设置或者彼此平行设置。在其他实施例中，所述货架或托盘100可以被安装于一冰箱或冰柜内。
如图1～图3所示，本实施例提供一种托盘100，包括托板1、导轨2、第一挡板3、推板4和距离传感器5。
托板1用以放置货品；导轨2设于托板1顶部，从托板1前端延伸至托板1后端；第一挡板3垂直连接至导轨2前端；推板4可滑动式安装至导轨2，推板4的一侧面与第一挡板3相对设置；距离传感器5设于托板1的后端或前端，推板4的另一侧面与距离传感器5相对设置；距离传感器5用以实时采集推板4与距离传感器5之间的距离。其中，货品被放置于推板4与第一挡板3之间的导轨2上，本实施例优选在同一导轨上放置同种类货品，同种类货品具有相同尺寸、相同重量的标准品，同种类货品的尺寸偏差、重量偏差小于或等于10％。
距离传感器5通过实时采集推板4与距离传感器5之间的距离，并将其发送至数据处理单元200。数据处理单元200通过所述距离的对比变化可以判断托盘100内货品的数量的增减。
若距离传感器5设于托板1的后端，当拿走托盘100内货品时，距离传感器5测得推板4与距离传感器5之间的距离增加；当放回托盘100内货品时，距离传感器5测得推板4与距离传感器5之间的距离减少。数据处理单元200通过每次实时测量对比该距离是增加或是减少，即可得知货品的取放状态，以判别是否有货品被取走或被放回。
在另一实施例中，若距离传感器5设于托板1的前端，距离传感器5用以测量推板4与距离传感器5之间的距离。数据处理单元200可以计算出推板4与第一挡板3之间的距离，即所述至少一货品的总厚度。当拿走托盘100内货品时，距离传感器5测得推板4与距离传感器5之间的距离减少；当放回托盘100内货品时，距离传感器5测得推板4与距离传感器5之间的距离增加。数据处理单元200通过每次实时测量对比该距离是增加或是 减少，即可得知货品的取放状态，以判别是否有货品被取走或被放回。
在本实施例中，距离传感器5包括激光传感器、红外线传感器或声波传感器。以距离传感器5为激光传感器为例，距离传感器5发出的光束垂直于推板4所在的平面，可将光束反射回距离传感器5进行接收，距离传感器5连续多次发出激光，可实现实时采集推板4与距离传感器5之间的距离。例如，若距离传感器5发射和接收激光的时间间隔为0.1～0.4秒，采集推板4与距离传感器5之间距离的时间间隔也为0.1～0.4秒，如果该距离发生变动，数据处理单元200在0.1～0.4秒的时间内即可获取新的距离数据。
在本实施例中，托盘100还包括弹性件6，其一端连接至推板4，其另一端连接至第一挡板3。弹性件6是可伸缩的，当第一挡板3与推板4之间被放置至少一货品时，弹性件6发生形变，使得推板4受到朝向第一挡板3方向的拉力，使得推板4与第一挡板3之间依次排列的货品被压紧，相邻的两个货品之间彼此相切。距离传感器5测得推板4与距离传感器5之间的距离，数据处理单元200可以据此计算出推板4与第一挡板3之间的距离，即所述至少一货品的总厚度。
当货品被拿走或放回时，只要第一挡板3与推板4之间的货品数量多于一个，弹性件6始终保持形变状态，推板4持续受到朝向第一挡板3方向的拉力，沿着导轨2向第一挡板3滑动，直至推板4再次压紧货品，距离传感器5再次测得推板4与距离传感器5之间的距离，数据处理单元200可以据此再次计算出推板4与第一挡板3之间的距离，即此时若干货品的总厚度。
如图4～图6所示，本实施例中，推板4可滑动式安装至导轨2，弹性件优选一卷簧。推板4包括空腔41、开口42以及卷簧43。空腔41设于推板4下部；开口42设于推板4底面或一侧面(本实施例优选推板底面，在其他实施例中也可以设于推板前端的侧面)；卷簧43螺旋式设于空腔41内，其一端连接至推板4，其另一端穿过开口42连接至第一挡板3。当推板4与第一挡板3之间被放置有货品时，卷簧43被拉后展开，发生弹性形变，使得另一端的推板4受到朝向第一挡板3的拉力。
本实施例中，推板4包括相对设置的左侧板44与右侧板45，还包括一前侧板46，垂直连接左侧板44、右侧板45。导轨2包括平行设置的第一轨道24和第二轨道25，第一轨道24和第二轨道25之间设有轨道间隙26。卷簧43一端可拆卸式连接至左侧板44及右侧板45，其另一端穿过开口42及轨道间隙26连接至第一挡板3。
如图4～图6所示，前侧板46底部设有第一滑槽461与第二滑槽462，第一滑槽461可滑动式卡合至第一轨道24，第二滑槽462可滑动式卡合至第二轨道25，左侧板44、右侧 板45与第一轨道24、第二轨道25无接触。前侧板46具有一定的厚度，可满足在轨道间隙26内的线接触，便于保持推板4垂直于导轨2且可以沿着导轨2滑动。
在其他实施例中，推板4和左侧板44及右侧板45均卡设于轨道间隙26内，保证推板4在轨道间隙26内的线接触，便于保持推板4垂直于导轨2且可滑动。或者，推板4外形可设置成一定厚度的外壳方式，其内包括左侧板44、右侧板45及前侧板46等结构，可实现满足在轨道间隙26内的线接触，便于保持推板4垂直于导轨2且可滑动。
在另一实施例中，推板4还包括可转动式安装至空腔41内的圆筒(图未示)，所述圆筒两端可转动式连接至左侧板44、右侧板45，所述圆筒中心轴线垂直于导轨2，且平行于前侧板46；卷簧43螺旋式套设于圆筒外侧，其一端连接至所述圆筒，其另一端穿过开口42及轨道间隙26连接至第一挡板3。
如图4所示，推板4还可以包括推板外壳47，推板外壳47的前壳板和后壳板均垂直于导轨2，推板外壳47包围推板4有助于卷簧43安装在空腔41内，防止卷簧43松动。推板4包括推板外壳47时，距离传感器5测得推板4与距离传感器5之间的距离实际为推板外壳47的前壳板或后壳板与距离传感器5之间的距离。若推板4不包括推板外壳47时，距离传感器5测得推板4与距离传感器5之间的距离实际为前侧板46与距离传感器5之间的距离。在本实施例中，推板4的上部横截面呈梯形、矩形或三角形，这样设计可利用推板4推动并且美观。推板4的高度优选大于第一挡板3的高度，方便推动推板4取放货品。
如图7～图9所示，在本实施例中，托盘100还包括第二挡板7、第三挡板8以及至少一隔板9。第二挡板7垂直连接至托板1的前端；第三挡板8垂直连接至托板1的后端；隔板9一端可拆卸式连接至第二挡板7，其另一端可拆卸式连接至第三挡板8。
优选地，第二挡板7下部设有第一卡槽21，第三挡板8顶部及上部设有第二卡槽22。如图9所示，隔板9前端的侧壁下部设有突出的第一卡块91，可拆卸式卡入至第一卡槽21；隔板9后端的侧壁顶部及上部设有突出的第二卡块92，可拆卸式卡入至第二卡槽22。
在隔板9的安装过程中，先将第一卡块91插入至第一卡槽21，再将第二卡块92插入至第二卡槽22。在隔板9的拆卸过程中，现将第二卡块92从第二卡槽22中取出，再将第一卡块91从第一卡槽21中取出。
一个隔板9可以将托板1分隔成两个栏位，多个隔板9彼此平行设置，可以将托板1分隔成三个以上栏位。具体地，用户可以根据需要摆放货品的宽度，安装或拆卸隔板9，调整隔板9的位置，采用不同的隔板9设置方式可以在托板1上摆放不同宽度的多种货品。
当货品宽度较大时，可以在托盘100上设置较少的隔板9，将货品同时放置在多个 导轨上，多个推板4一起将货品压紧，此时多个距离传感器5可同时使用或仅使用与货品相对的任一距离传感器5，操作简单方便。
在本实施例中，任意两个相邻隔板9的距离大于被放入这两个隔板9的货品的宽度，货品摆放后与隔板9无接触，以便推板4滑动时，可以方便快捷地推动货品，而不会在货品与隔板9之间产生摩擦力。
如图7、图10所示，托盘100还包括第四挡板10，可拆卸式安装至第二挡板8与第一挡板3之间。第四挡板10用于加强固定隔板9。第四挡板10下部设有第三卡槽23，延伸至第四挡板10底部，将第四挡板10从上至下插入至第二挡板8与第一挡板3之间，隔板9前端的第一卡块91可以插入至相应的第三卡槽23内，防止第二挡板8与第一挡板3之间出现缝隙，防止第一挡板3发生晃动，同时可以加固隔板9。
如图11所示，托盘100还包括底板11及第五挡板12。底板11平行设于托板1下方；第五挡板12垂直连接至底板11的后端；距离传感器5可拆卸式连接至第五挡板12顶部，且与推板4的一侧面相对设置。本实施例中，距离传感器5设于托板1的后端，在其他实施例中，距离传感器5也可以设于托板1的前端。
在每一导轨2的上方形成一栏位，由第一挡板1、第五挡板12、两个隔板9以及底板11共同围成，所述栏位是一个敞口的盒体，用以摆放货品。优选在同一栏位内放置价格相同的同种类货品，同种类货品具有相同尺寸、相同重量的标准品，同种类货品的尺寸偏差、重量偏差小于或等于10％。同一导轨上放置同种类货品，同种类货品是指具有相同尺寸、相同重量的标准品，同种类货品的尺寸偏差、重量偏差小于或等于10％。在本实施例中，托盘100还包括采集板14，连接至距离传感器5，且连接至一数据处理系统(图未示)，数据处理系统为PC机或服务器。可以理解的是，采集板14设于底板上方，可以将实时采集的距离数据集成传输至实时数据处理系统。在本实施例中，托盘100还包括数据处理单元200，用以根据推板4与距离传感器5之间距离的实时变化判断每一栏位上的货品是否被取走或被放回，以及判断每一栏位上的货品被取走或被放回的数量。
如图12所示，数据处理单元200包括货品数据库生成单元210、距离值采集单元220、取放状态判断单元230和货品数据库更新单元240。
货品数据库生成单元210用以生成一货品数据库。如图13所示，在本实施例中，货品数据库生成单元210包括：初始化单元211、信息录入单元212和距离感应值初始化单元213。具体地讲，初始化单元211用以对一货品数据库进行初始化处理，货品数据库中可用于存储每一种类货品的名称、型号、产地、尺寸、重量等信息。信息录入单元212用以录 入每一种类货品的货品信息，并将其存储至货品数据库以更新数据，货品信息包括每一种类货品的名称、型号、产地、尺寸、重量等信息，货品的尺寸包括货品的宽度值。当有货品被整齐地摆放在托盘100上的不同栏位时，距离感应值初始化单元213用以采集每一栏位被放置货品后的距离感应值，并将其存储至货品数据库。货品信息还可以包括每一货品在托盘100上的位置信息，每一种类的货品与一个或多个栏位形成对应关系，如果此后某一栏位对应的距离感应值发生变化，数据处理单元200就可以判断出该栏位的货品种类。
距离值采集单元220用以实时采集一货架上每一栏位对应的距离感应值，其为每一栏位的距离传感器5与推板4的距离；采集距离感应值的时间间隔为0.1～0.3秒，当任意一栏位有货品被取走或被放回时，该导轨对应的距离感应值即刻发生变动，数据处理单元200在极短时间内就可以获知这一事件。
取放状态判断单元230用以判断每一栏位的距离感应值是否发生变化，以判断该栏位上是否有货品被取走，或者，判断是否有货品被放置于该栏位上。在本实施例中，当距离传感器5设于导轨2后端时，任一栏位对应的距离感应值若变大，取放状态判断单元230判定该栏位有货品被取走；若变小，取放状态判断单元230判定有货品被放置于该栏位。在其他实施例中，当距离传感器5被设于导轨2前端时，任一栏位对应的距离感应值若变小，取放状态判断单元230判定该栏位内有货品被取走；若变大，取放状态判断单元230判定有货品被放置于该栏位内。
如图14所示，取放状态判断单元230包括：距离差值计算单元231、距离差值判断单元232和信息记录单元233。具体地讲，距离差值计算单元231用以计算实时采集的每一导轨2对应的距离感应值与货品数据库内存储的同一导轨2对应的距离感应值的差值，记录为每一导轨2对应的距离差值；距离差值判断单元232用以将至少一导轨2对应的距离差值与0对比；当一导轨2对应的距离差值小于0时，判定该导轨2对应的距离感应值变小，当一栏位2的距离差值大于0时，判定该导轨2对应的距离感应值变大；当一导轨2对应的距离差值大于0或小于0时，信息记录单元233用以记录该导轨2对应的导轨编号以及该导轨2对应的距离差值。
如图14所示，本实施例中同一栏位内所有货品种类相同且宽度值相同，取放状态判断单元230还包括：货品种类判断单元234和货品数量计算单元235。货品种类判断单元234用以根据该导轨编号及该导轨2对应的货品信息判断被取走货品的种类；货品数量计算单元235用以计算一导轨2对应的距离差值的绝对值与该架板对应的货品的单品宽度值的比值，利用四舍五入法对该比值进行取整处理，获得的整数即为被取走货品的数量。
货品数据库更新单元240用以存储距离感应值至货品数据库，以更新货品数据库中每一导轨2对应的距离感应值，确保所述货品数据库中存储的距离感应值始终与推板4与距离传感器5之间的实际距离一致，以保证数据的准确性，从而便于对每一栏位中货品的进一步判断。
进一步地，在另一实施例中，托盘100还可以包括重量传感器13，重量传感器13一端的上表面连接至托板1的下表面，其另一端的下表面连接至底板11的上表面。重量传感器13用于获取每一托盘100的重量感应值，即被放置于托板1上的至少一货品的总重量，数据处理单元200可以根据每一托盘100的重量感应值的对比变化实时检测托盘100内货品的取放状态。
当一货品被从一托盘100上被取走或被放回时，数据处理单元200根据货品总重量的对比变化判断货架上多个托盘100内货品的取放状态，若某一托盘100对应的重量值变小，即可判断该托盘100上有货品被取走；若某一托盘100重量值变大，即可判断该托盘100上有货品被放回。
本实施例优选在同一栏位内放置同种类货品，具有相同的重量值，结合货品数据库中预存的每一种货品的重量值，进一步地，根据每一托盘100对应的重量感应值的变化量还可以推算出被取走或被放回的货品的种类和数量。由于本方案是实时采集每一托盘100的重量值，而不是每一栏位的重量值，因此其判断结果不一定是唯一的，或许会同时存在多种可能的推算结果。
本发明在使用中，有些用户从托盘100上取走或放回货品至托盘100时，可能会在取放货品前将推板4向后推移一定距离，并停留短暂时间，完成取放货品操作后再放开推板4；有些用户可能会故意推拉托盘100上的货品，将推板4向后推移一定距离，但没有完成从托盘100上取走或放回货品至托盘100的操作，而是停留较长时间后放开推板4；推板4被放开后，在弹性件作用下快速向前滑动，将货品重新夹紧。在这一过程中，推板4与距离传感器5之间的距离也会在较短时间内发生数次变化，如果仅采用距离传感器5相关方案，可能会导致取放状态判断单元230出现较多的判断错误；因此，如果将距离传感器5相关方案与重量传感器13相关方案相结合，可以采用两种方法对同一托盘100的同一栏位同时进行两次取放状态的判断。
本实施例中，在托盘100上方设置距离传感器5的方案用于判断被取走或被放回的货品的种类及数量，在托盘100内设置重量传感器13的方案仅用于验证前一方案的判断结果。当数据处理单元200基于距离传感器5的实时数据做出一判断结果时，如果该判断结 果与同时段内基于重量传感器13的实时数据做出的推算结果之一是一致的，或者，该判断结果对应的货品重量值与同时段内该托盘100重量感应值的变化值是一致的，可以认为该结果准确；如果不一致，数据处理单元200就会报警，提醒工作人员人工干预。此处所述两个结果一致，是指两个结果数据的误差小于5％。在本实施例中，采用基于重量传感器13的数值编号做出推算结果，增加了判断的准确性，可以有效减少出错率。
由于托板1较长且易变形，为了防止托板1被货品压弯，如图3所示，在托板1与底板11之间设置加强筋31，用于支撑托板1，确保托板1底面及顶面保持水平且不会晃动，防止导轨变形而导致推板的滑动障碍，还可以保证重量传感器13称重的准确性。在本实施例中，托盘100还包括标签支架15及条形光源16，标签支架15连接至托板1的前端；条形光源16设于标签支架15内，用于照亮标签支架15或为托盘100提供照明。标签支架15上可以贴有标签也可以设置插槽卡设标签，写有不同货品6的商品信息，便于用户了解货品信息，如货品名、类型、产地、价格等。本发明所述的托盘及货架，在智能零售业，特别是无人售货超市领域有着非常重要的应用。
本发明的有益效果在于，提供一种托盘及货架，托盘上的货品始终受到向前端的推力，使得同一导轨上的多个货品持续紧密排成一列，数据处理单元可以根据推板的移动距离和单一货品的宽度值推算出货品的取放状态和被取放货品的种类和数量，可以解决现有技术存在的零售业人力成本高和无法实时监控销售情况等问题。
以上仅是本发明的优选实施方式，使本领域的技术人员更清楚地理解如何实践本发明，这些实施方案并不是限制本发明的范围。对于本技术领域的普通技术人员，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种托盘，其包括
    托板，用以放置货品；
    导轨，设于所述托板顶部，从所述托板前端延伸至所述托板后端；
    第一挡板，垂直连接至所述导轨前端；
    推板，可滑动式安装至所述导轨，所述推板的一侧面与所述第一挡板相对设置；以及
    距离传感器，设于所述托板的后端或前端，所述推板的另一侧面与所述距离传感器相对设置；
    其中，所述货品被放置于所述推板与所述第一挡板之间的导轨上，所述距离传感器用以实时采集所述推板与所述距离传感器之间的距离。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的托盘，其还包括
    弹性件，其一端连接至所述推板，其另一端连接至所述第一挡板。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的托盘，其还包括
    空腔，设于所述推板下部；
    开口，设于所述推板底面或一侧面；以及
    卷簧，螺旋式设于所述空腔内，其一端连接至所述推板，其另一端穿过所述开口连接至所述第一挡板。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的托盘，其还包括
    第二挡板，垂直连接至所述托板的前端；
    第三挡板，垂直连接至所述托板的后端；以及
    至少一隔板，其一端可拆卸式连接至所述第二挡板，其另一端可拆卸式连接至所述第三挡板。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的托盘，其还包括
    第四挡板，可拆卸式安装至所述第二挡板与所述第一挡板之间。
  6. 如权利要求4所述的托盘，其还包括
    第一卡槽，贯穿于所述第二挡板下部；
    第二卡槽，贯穿于所述第三挡板顶部；
    第一卡块，突出于一隔板前端的侧壁下部，可拆卸式卡入至所述第一卡槽；以及
    第二卡块，突出于一隔板后端的侧壁顶部，可拆卸式卡入至所述第二卡槽。
  7. 如权利要求4所述的托盘，其还包括
    第三卡槽，贯穿于第四挡板下部，且延伸至其底部；至少一隔板的第一卡块可拆卸式卡入 至所述第三卡槽。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的托盘，其还包括
    底板，设于所述托板下方；
    第五挡板，垂直连接至所述底板的后端；以及
    所述距离传感器可拆卸式连接至所述第五挡板顶部。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的托盘，其还包括
    底板，设于所述托板下方；以及
    重量传感器，其一端的上表面连接至所述托板的下表面，其另一端的下表面连接至所述底板的上表面。
  10. 如权利要求1所述的托盘，其还包括
    采集板，连接至所述距离传感器和/或重量传感器，且连接至一数据处理单元。
  11. 如权利要求1所述的托盘，其还包括
    标签支架，连接至所述托板的前端；以及
    条形光源，设于所述标签支架内。
  12. 如权利要求1所述的托盘，其中，
    所述距离传感器包括激光传感器、红外线传感器或声波传感器。
  13. 如权利要求1所述的托盘，其还包括
    数据处理单元，用以根据所述推板与所述距离传感器之间距离的实时变化判断每一导轨上的货品是否被取走或被放回，以及判断每一导轨上的货品被取走或被放回的数量。
  14. 一种货架，包括如权利要求1所述的托盘。
PCT/CN2019/091133 2019-06-04 2019-06-13 托盘及货架 WO2020243985A1 (zh)

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