WO2020241369A1 - 硬化性オルガノポリシロキサン組成物、及びその硬化物からなる光学部材 - Google Patents
硬化性オルガノポリシロキサン組成物、及びその硬化物からなる光学部材 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020241369A1 WO2020241369A1 PCT/JP2020/019726 JP2020019726W WO2020241369A1 WO 2020241369 A1 WO2020241369 A1 WO 2020241369A1 JP 2020019726 W JP2020019726 W JP 2020019726W WO 2020241369 A1 WO2020241369 A1 WO 2020241369A1
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- organopolysiloxane
- reactive
- composition
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- UQEAIHBTYFGYIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethyldisiloxane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)C UQEAIHBTYFGYIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000001570 methylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
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- HMMGMWAXVFQUOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane Chemical compound C[Si]1(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O1 HMMGMWAXVFQUOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KBXJHRABGYYAFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N octaphenylsilsesquioxane Chemical compound O1[Si](O2)(C=3C=CC=CC=3)O[Si](O3)(C=4C=CC=CC=4)O[Si](O4)(C=5C=CC=CC=5)O[Si]1(C=1C=CC=CC=1)O[Si](O1)(C=5C=CC=CC=5)O[Si]2(C=2C=CC=CC=2)O[Si]3(C=2C=CC=CC=2)O[Si]41C1=CC=CC=C1 KBXJHRABGYYAFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- DLRJIFUOBPOJNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenetole Chemical compound CCOC1=CC=CC=C1 DLRJIFUOBPOJNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000286 phenylethyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004344 phenylpropyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- PARWUHTVGZSQPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylsilane Chemical group [SiH3]C1=CC=CC=C1 PARWUHTVGZSQPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005033 polyvinylidene chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XPGAWFIWCWKDDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-olate;zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [Zr+4].CCC[O-].CCC[O-].CCC[O-].CCC[O-] XPGAWFIWCWKDDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LLHKCFNBLRBOGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene glycol methyl ether acetate Chemical compound COCC(C)OC(C)=O LLHKCFNBLRBOGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010526 radical polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012763 reinforcing filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007151 ring opening polymerisation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005372 silanol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical group [H]S* 0.000 description 1
- YRHRIQCWCFGUEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N thioxanthen-9-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 YRHRIQCWCFGUEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- DVFZJTWMDGYBCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(hex-1-enyl)silane Chemical compound CCCCC=C[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC DVFZJTWMDGYBCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylenediamine Chemical compound C1CN2CCN1CC2 IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000725 trifluoropropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C(F)(F)F 0.000 description 1
- BPSIOYPQMFLKFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[3-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propyl]silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCOCC1CO1 BPSIOYPQMFLKFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003754 zirconium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
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- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
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- H01L23/28—Encapsulations, e.g. encapsulating layers, coatings, e.g. for protection
- H01L23/29—Encapsulations, e.g. encapsulating layers, coatings, e.g. for protection characterised by the material, e.g. carbon
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- H01L23/295—Organic, e.g. plastic containing a filler
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- H01L23/31—Encapsulations, e.g. encapsulating layers, coatings, e.g. for protection characterised by the arrangement or shape
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/48—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor body packages
- H01L33/52—Encapsulations
- H01L33/56—Materials, e.g. epoxy or silicone resin
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/48—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor body packages
- H01L33/58—Optical field-shaping elements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
- H05B33/02—Details
- H05B33/04—Sealing arrangements, e.g. against humidity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G77/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G77/04—Polysiloxanes
- C08G77/12—Polysiloxanes containing silicon bound to hydrogen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G77/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G77/04—Polysiloxanes
- C08G77/20—Polysiloxanes containing silicon bound to unsaturated aliphatic groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
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- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2227—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2203/00—Applications
- C08L2203/20—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets
- C08L2203/206—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets use in coating or encapsulating of electronic parts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
- C08L2205/025—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group containing two or more polymers of the same hierarchy C08L, and differing only in parameters such as density, comonomer content, molecular weight, structure
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/48—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor body packages
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- H01L33/501—Wavelength conversion elements characterised by the materials, e.g. binder
- H01L33/502—Wavelength conversion materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/80—Constructional details
- H10K50/84—Passivation; Containers; Encapsulations
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Definitions
- an organopolysiloxane having a reactive group and having an aryl group ratio of 10 mol% or more in the total organic group bonded to a silicon atom in the molecule, one or more inorganic fillers, and an organopolysiloxane A reactive group of an organic silicon compound and an organopolysiloxane having a functional group capable of reacting with the reactive group of, a hydrolyzable silyl group and / or a SiOH group, and having two or more silicon atoms per molecule.
- a curable organopolysiloxane composition containing one or more compounds selected from the above and having an inorganic filler content of 30 to 95% by mass based on the total composition, and the curable organopolysiloxane composition thereof are cured.
- the present invention relates to a obtained material, particularly a material exhibiting light diffusivity, and an optical member made of the material.
- a light diffusing resin composition in order to make the light from a light source uniform in lighting, LCD backlight, etc. to eliminate light unevenness, or to increase the diffuse reflectance of light to improve the illuminance.
- the photodiffusible resin composition it is known to use a composition using silicone as a matrix component. It is known that a silicone resin composition is used for an optical member including such a photodiffusible resin composition.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2010-18662 contains silica and can be cured by a hydrosilylation reaction. It is described that a suitable silicone resin composition is used for an optical waveguide.
- 2011-184625 describes a photodiffusible dimethylsilicone containing as a photodiffusible resin composition an inorganic filler such as dimethylpolysiloxane or fine powder silica, and silicone elastic particles containing a phenyl group-containing siloxane unit.
- the rubber composition is described.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2012-167253 describes a photodiffusible dimethyl silicone rubber composition containing a crosslinkable dimethyl silicone rubber, an inorganic filler and, if desired, a dispersant (wetter). Further, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No.
- 2015-129213 contains an alkenyl group-containing linear polyorganosiloxane, an alkenyl group-containing MT or MQ or MTQ resin, a polyorganohydrogensiloxane, and a hydrosilylation catalyst in 100 parts by mass of the composition.
- an addition-curable silicone rubber composition containing 0.1 to 10 parts by mass of spherical silica having an average particle size of 0.2 to 10 ⁇ m of 0.1 to 10 parts by mass, and a light-diffusing silicone rubber obtained from the composition. Is described. Further, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No.
- 2016-49764 includes a hydrosilylated curable silicone composition and a phosphor having a phenyl group, and photodiffusible organic particles selected from crosslinked polymethylmethacrylate particles and crosslinked polystyrene particles. , Photo-semiconductor element encapsulation composition is described.
- Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2010-18662 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2011-184625 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2012-167253 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2015-129213 JP-A-2016-49764
- the present invention is intended to provide a curable organopolysiloxane composition capable of obtaining a cured product that can be used as a light diffusing material having an excellent balance of these properties. Further, the present invention is a curable organopolysiloxane composition that can be widely used for optical members, including a material for use as a sealant for increasing light extraction efficiency from a light emitting device such as a light emitting diode (LED). Is intended to provide.
- the curable organopolysiloxane composition of the present invention contains the following components A to C: A) At least 2 radical reactive groups in the molecule and / or reactive groups that can be crosslinked by hydrosilylation reaction, and 10 mol% or more of all organic groups bonded to silicon atoms in the molecule are aryl.
- the molecule has a reactive functional group capable of binding to the reactive group of the component A, a hydrolyzable silyl group and / or a silicon atom-bonded hydroxyl group, and the number of silicon atoms in the molecule is 2.
- an organic silicon compound different from the component A, C2) The molecule has a reactive functional group having 3 or more carbon atoms that can be bonded to the reactive group of the component A, a hydrolyzable silyl group and / or a silicon atom-bonded hydroxyl group, and is in the molecule.
- An organic silicon compound different from the component A which has 1 or more silicon atoms.
- One or more compounds selected from the group consisting of Is contained, and the mass of the component B is 30 to 95% with respect to the mass of the entire composition.
- the organic group bonded to the silicon atom is a radical-reactive group, a hydrosilylation-reactive group, or another monovalent hydrocarbon group bonded to the silicon atom constituting the polyorganosiloxane.
- an organic group such as an alkoxy group.
- the component A) may contain a hydroxyl group bonded to a very small amount of silicon atom or a hydrogen atom bonded to a silicon atom, but its influence is minor, so that the technical effect of the present invention can be realized.
- the required aryl group content can be specified by considering only the ratio (content rate) of the aryl group to the organic group bonded to silicon in the A) component.
- the component A is preferably one or more kinds of organopolysiloxanes selected from the group consisting of the following components A1 and A2.
- A1 It has at least two radical reactive groups in the molecule and / or a reactive group that can be crosslinked by a hydrosilylation reaction, and 10 mol% or more of the silicon atom-bonded organic groups in the molecule are aryl groups.
- A2 i) R 1 SiO 3/2 unit (in the formula, R 1 represents a group selected from the group consisting of a monovalent organic group, a hydroxyl group, and an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms).
- a resin structure block that may further have 4/2 units of SiO, and ii) (R 2 2 SiO 2/2 ) n (in the formula, R 2 is independently replaced with a halogen atom.
- R 2 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms, and n represents a number in the range of 3 to 1000).
- a reactive group comprising a linear or branched organopolysiloxane structural block comprising an organopolysiloxane structural moiety, wherein at least a portion of R 1 and R 2 can be crosslinked by a radical reaction and / or a hydrosilylation reaction.
- Organopolysiloxane wherein the ratio of the aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms to the total number of moles of the R 1 and R 2 groups (excluding the hydroxyl group) is 10 mol% or more.
- At least a part, that is, a part or all of the component A is the component A2, and the connecting portion between the resin structure block of the component A2 and the linear or branched organopolysiloxane structure block.
- the inorganic filler B is preferably one or more selected from the group consisting of spherical silica particles, spherical alumina particles, and fluorescent filler.
- the spherical silica particles are spherical fused silica particles and the spherical alumina particles are spherical fused alumina particles.
- component C has the following general formula: (R a R b 2 SiO) p- K- (SiR b 2- Y-Si (R b ) q (OR c ) 3-q ) r
- R b is independently a monovalent hydrocarbon group, halogenated hydrocarbon group, and from the group consisting of cyano group; (wherein, R a represents a reactive group capable of binding with the reactive groups of component A
- Rc is independently selected from the group consisting of groups selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atoms, alkyl groups having 1-10 carbon atoms, and alkoxyalkyl groups having a total of 2-10 carbon atoms.
- K is the average composition formula (R b 3 SiO 1/2 ) s (R b 2 SiO 2/2 ) t (R b SiO 3/2 ) u (SiO 4/2 ) v (OR c ) w (In the formula, R b and R c are as defined above, s, t, u, v, and w each represent the number of each unit, and t, u, and v are not all 0.
- Each condition represents a number from 0 to 500, where the value of s + w is u + 2v or less), representing a linear or branched organopolysiloxane chain or a silicone resin structural block;
- Y represents an oxygen atom, Divalent hydrocarbon group, or general formula: (In the formula, R b is as defined above and Z is a divalent hydrocarbon group)); to the extent possible depending on the structure of K, p is 1 It represents a number from 10 to 10, r represents a number from 1 to 10, and q represents a number from 0 to 2. )
- It is an organosilicon compound represented by.
- the component C has the following structural formula: ⁇ Wherein, R a is a reactive group represents a reactive group capable of binding with the component A; group selected from the group consisting of R b is a monovalent hydrocarbon group, halogenated hydrocarbon group, and cyanoalkyl group R c represents a group selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and an alkoxyalkyl group having a total carbon number of 2 to 10; m is a number in the range of 0 to 500.
- a is 0, 1 or 2
- Y is an oxygen atom, a divalent hydrocarbon group, or the general formula: (In the formula, R b is as defined above and Z is a divalent hydrocarbon group) ⁇ It is an organosilicon compound represented by.
- the present invention further provides a cured product obtained from any of the above curable organopolysiloxane compositions.
- the cured product of the present invention preferably has a light transmittance of 40% or more.
- the cured product of the present invention is measured using a white light source (white LED obtained by combining a blue LED and a yellow phosphor), and is measured when the straight-line transmitted light intensity is set to 1 in the bidirectional transmittance distribution function. It is preferable to have light diffusivity such that the transmitted light intensity is 0.65 or more at the light receiving position tilted 45 degrees with respect to the axis of the straight transmitted light with respect to the sample.
- a white light source white LED obtained by combining a blue LED and a yellow phosphor
- the cured product of the present invention has a 10% or more increase in breaking elongation of the cured product as compared with the cured product obtained from a curable organopolysiloxane composition having the same components except that the component (C) is not contained. Is preferable.
- the present invention also provides an optical member made of a cured product of the above-mentioned curable organopolysiloxane composition.
- the above optical member is preferably a light diffusing film for a light receiving type sensor.
- the above optical member is preferably a sealant for a light emitting diode or an organic electroluminescent element.
- the present invention also provides an optical device including the above optical member.
- the present invention provides a coating agent containing the above-mentioned curable organopolysiloxane composition and an organic solvent.
- This coating agent can be used to form a light diffusing layer on the substrate.
- the curable organopolysiloxane composition of the present invention has an excellent balance of light transmittance, light diffusion characteristics, and mechanical properties, and the mechanical properties are improved in breaking elongation as compared with the conventional cured product.
- the cured product is tough, and when used as a thick optical member, cracks and the like are less likely to occur, and its durability can be further improved while maintaining mechanical strength and hardness.
- the cured product obtained from the curable organopolysiloxane composition of the present invention can handle a film or sheet made of the cured product alone, the curable composition of the present invention diffuses light onto a substrate.
- the cured product obtained from the coating agent can also be used as a light diffusing film or a light diffusing sheet.
- FIG. 1 is an SEM photograph showing a fracture surface of the sample of Example 2.
- FIG. 2 is an SEM photograph showing a fracture surface of the sample of Comparative Example 4.
- the curable organopolysiloxane composition of the present invention contains the above-mentioned component A, component B, and component C as essential components.
- component A, component B, and component C will be described below.
- groups per molecule refers to the average number per molecule.
- Component A has at least two radical-reactive groups and / or hydrosilylation-reactive groups in the molecule, and is 10 mol% or more of the organic group (silicon atom-bonded organic group) bonded to the silicon atom in the molecule. It may be one kind of organopolysiloxane in which is an aryl group, particularly preferably a phenyl group, or a combination of two or more kinds of organopolysiloxane. Examples of the organopolysiloxane that can be used as the component A include the following. (Aa) An organopolysiloxane having two or more radical reactive groups of one or more types in the molecule.
- Aa to Ac may further contain a condensation reactive group, optionally, in addition to the reactive group described above.
- the condensation-reactive group refers to a group capable of forming a Si—O—Si bond by a condensation reaction, and in some cases, a hydrolysis and a condensation reaction.
- Aa to Ac can be obtained by cross-linking organopolysiloxanes with each other to produce a cured product by a radical reaction, cross-linking organopolysiloxanes with each other to form a cured product by a hydrosilylation reaction, or combining a radical reaction with a hydrosilylation reaction.
- one type or a combination of two or more types can be used so that the organopolysiloxanes are crosslinked with each other to form a cured product.
- a composition that is cured by a radical reaction it is preferable to use one or more of Aa as the component A.
- Ab and Ac in order to obtain a composition that is cured by a hydrosilylation reaction, it is preferable to use Ab and Ac in combination as the component A.
- a combination containing at least one Aa, Ab, and Ac as component A, or a carbon-carbon double bond contained in the component Ab is a radical reaction. If it is also sex, one or more combinations of Ab and Ac can be used.
- organopolysiloxanes of different types among the above components Aa to Ac include, for example, the reactivity to the organopolysiloxane skeleton, although they are the same in that they have the same reactive group. When the bonding position of the group and / or the content of the reactive group are different, the organopolysiloxane skeleton itself may be different from each other.
- the component Aa is an organopolysiloxane having two or more radical-reactive groups of one type or two or more types in the molecule.
- the radical-reactive groups of component Aa are attached to each other by a free radical mechanism in the presence of a thermal or photoradical initiator and / or in the presence of high energy rays, such as ultraviolet light, electron beams, and optionally in the presence of a crosslinker. It is a functional group that can be crosslinked.
- the radically reactive group include a group containing a carbon-carbon secondary bond, and more specifically, an unsaturated carboxylate group such as an alkenyl group, an acrylate and a methacrylate group.
- the radical reactive group contained in the component Aa may be one type or a combination of two or more types. When two or more radical-reactive groups are used in combination, even if one molecule has two or more radical-reactive groups, two different organopolysiloxanes each having different radical-reactive groups are used. It can also be used in combination of two or more.
- the component Aa may optionally have a condensation-reactive group in addition to the radical-reactive group.
- the condensation-reactive group is not particularly limited as long as it is a group capable of forming a Si—O—Si bond by the condensation reaction, and examples thereof include a condensation-reactive group selected from a hydroxyl group and an alkoxy group.
- the component Aa has the following average composition formula: R 11 a1 R 12 b1 SiO (4-a1-b1) / 2 (1) It may be an organopolysiloxane represented by, or a mixture of two or more thereof.
- R 11 is a radical reactive group, preferably a radical reactive group containing a carbon-carbon double bond.
- R 12 is a group selected from a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent hydrocarbon group, a hydroxyl group, and an alkoxy group having no radical-reactive carbon-carbon double bond, except that at least a part of R 12 is substituted.
- the aryl group is an unsubstituted aryl group, and the proportion of the aryl group is 10 mol% or more, preferably 20 mol% or more of the total number of moles of R 11 and R 12 (excluding the hydroxyl group). Is a condition.
- the alkoxy group is preferably an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. a1 and b1 are numbers that satisfy the following conditions: 1 ⁇ a1 + b1 ⁇ 3 and 0.001 ⁇ a1 / (a1 + b1) ⁇ 0.33.
- a1 and b1 are preferably numbers that satisfy the following conditions: 1.5 ⁇ a1 + b1 ⁇ 2.5 and 0.005 ⁇ a1 / (a1 + b1) ⁇ 0.2. This is because the flexibility of the obtained cured product can be increased by setting a1 + b1 to be equal to or higher than the lower limit of the above range, while the mechanical strength of the obtained cured product can be increased by setting a1 + b1 to be equal to or lower than the upper limit of the above range. Because.
- the radical reactive group represented by R 11 includes a vinyl group, an allyl group, a butenyl group, a pentenyl group, a hexenyl group, a heptenyl group, an octenyl group, a nonenyl group, a decenyl group and an undecenyl group.
- An alkenyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms such as a dodecenyl group; an acrylic-containing group such as a 3-acryloxypropyl group and a 4-acryloxybutyl group; a methacryl-containing group such as a 3-methacryloxypropyl group and a 4-methacryloxybutyl group.
- the groups selected from are listed.
- examples of the monovalent hydrocarbon group having no radically reactive carbon-carbon double bond represented by R 12 include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, a butyl group, a pentyl group and a hexyl group.
- Alkyl groups such as heptyl group, octyl group, nonyl group, decyl group, undecyl group, dodecyl group; aryl groups such as phenyl group, tolyl group, xsilyl group, naphthyl group, anthracenyl group, phenanthryl group, pyrenyl group; and benzyl Examples thereof include a group selected from the group consisting of an aralkyl group such as a group, a phenethyl group, a naphthylethyl group, a naphthylpropyl group, an anthrasenylethyl group, a phenanthrylethyl group and a pyrenylethyl group.
- Some of the hydrogen atoms of these alkyl groups may be substituted with halogen atoms or hydroxyl groups.
- one or more of the hydrogen atoms are alkyl groups such as methyl group and ethyl group; alkoxy groups such as methoxy group and ethoxy group; and / or chlorine atom, bromine atom and the like. It may be a group substituted with a halogen atom of.
- the radical reactive group R 11 contained in the component Aa a group selected from a vinyl group, an allyl group, a hexenyl group, an acrylic-containing group, and a methacryl-containing group is preferable.
- the monovalent hydrocarbon group contained in the component Aa is particularly preferably a group selected from a methyl group and a phenyl group which is an aryl group.
- the component Aa can be an organopolysiloxane having a cyclic molecular structure consisting of only D units, a linear molecular structure consisting of only D units, or a linear molecular structure consisting of D units and M units.
- the component Aa may be an organopolysiloxane having a branched chain-like molecular structure or a resin-like (network (mesh) -like) molecular structure, and the branched-chain or resin-like organopolysiloxane may be MQ. Examples include, but are not limited to, type, MT type, MQT type, QT type, MDQ type, MDT type, and MDQT type organopolysiloxane.
- M in the general formula RSiO 1/2, D in the general formula R 2 SiO 2/2, T is the formula RSiO 3/2, and Q is the unit (R represented by SiO 4/2 It is generally an organic group), and the terms M, D, T, and Q units are well known in the technical field of silicone.
- the organopolysiloxane represented by the above average composition formula is a radical-reactive organopolysiloxane having a radical-reactive group, but when R 12 of the average composition formula has a hydroxyl group and / or an alkoxy group, it is a radical. It can be condensation reactive in addition to reactive.
- the component Aa (Aa-1) A linear or branched organopolysiloxane having a radical reactive group only at the end of the molecular chain, and optionally (Aa-2) at least one branched siloxane unit in the molecule. It contains a radical-reactive group-containing organopolysiloxane resin having a radical-reactive group content in the range of 0.01 to 7.00% by mass.
- Component (Aa-1) has, at its molecular chain end (Rad) R 21 2 SiO 1/2 (In the formula, Rad represents a radical reactive group and corresponds to R 11 of the above average composition formula (1), and R 21 corresponds to R 12 of the above average composition formula (1)).
- R 21 corresponds to R 12 of the above average composition formula (1)
- R 22 has the same meaning as R 12 in the above-mentioned average composition formula (1).
- the degree of siloxane polymerization of the component (Aa-1) is in the range of 7 to 1002 including the terminal siloxane unit.
- Such component (Aa-1) is particularly preferably both ends of the molecular chain (Rad) was blocked with a siloxane unit represented by R 21 2 SiO 1/2, in linear organopolysiloxanes is there.
- the component (Aa-2) is a radical-reactive group-containing organopolysiloxane resin, for example, an average unit formula: (R 31 SiO 3/2 ) o1 (R 31 2 SiO 2/2 ) p1 (R 31 3 SiO 1/2 ) q1 (SiO 4/2 ) r1 (XO 1/2 ) s1 (2)
- R 31 is independently a radical reactive group represented by R 11 in the average composition formula (1) of the above component Aa, and a radical reactivity represented by R 12 .
- the alkoxy group is preferably an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- X is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.
- at least the content of radical reactive groups in the organopolysiloxane resin is 0.01 to 7.00% by mass, preferably 0.05 to 6.00% by mass. in a range satisfying the range R 31 is a radical reactive group, in particular, it is preferable that at least a portion of R 31 on the siloxane units represented by R 31 3 SiO 1/2 is a radical reactive group.
- (o1 + r1) is a positive number
- p1 is 0 or a positive number
- q1 is 0 or a positive number
- s1 is 0 or a positive number
- p1 / ( o1 + r1) is a number in the range of 0 to 10
- q1 / (o1 + r1) is a number in the range of 0 to 5
- (o1 + r1) / (o1 + p1 + q1 + r1) is in the range of 0.3 to 0.9. It is a number
- s1 / (o1 + p1 + q1 + r1) is a number in the range of 0 to 0.4.
- Rad represents a radical reactive group and has the same meaning as R 11 in the above average composition formula (1)
- R 31 has the same meaning as R 12 in the above average composition formula (1), q11 + q21 + r1.
- (q11 + q21) / r11 is a number in the range of 0.1 to 2.0
- q11 has the content of radical reactive groups in the organopolysiloxane resin of 0.
- An example thereof is an MQ organopolysiloxane resin containing a radical reactive group represented by.
- a composition is formed by using a component (Aa-1) having a radical reactive group only at the end of these molecular chains and a component (Aa-2) which is an organopolysiloxane resin and has a certain amount of radical reactive groups. As a whole, a cured product having excellent quick-curing / quick-drying properties and excellent mechanical strength and flexibility can be obtained.
- the component Ab has two or more groups having one or more types of hydrosilylation-reactive carbon-carbon double bonds in the molecule, and 10 mol% or more of the silicon atom-bonded organic groups in the molecule.
- the hydrosilylation-reactive group contained in the component Ab may be any group that can react with the SiH group to form a C—Si bond, and is not limited to a specific group, but as will be described below.
- a monovalent hydrocarbon group containing a carbon-carbon double bond can be mentioned, and more specifically, an alkenyl group, particularly an alkenyl group having a carbon-carbon double bond at the terminal can be mentioned.
- the hydrosilylation-reactive group contained in the component Ab may be one type or a combination of two or more types. When two or more hydrosilylation-reactive groups are used in combination, even if one molecule has two or more hydrosilylation-reactive groups, another organopoly having a different hydrosilylation-reactive group. Two or more siloxanes can be used in combination.
- the component Ab may optionally have a condensation-reactive group in addition to the hydrosilylation-reactive group.
- the condensation-reactive group is not particularly limited as long as it is a group capable of forming a Si—O—Si bond by the condensation reaction, and examples thereof include a condensation-reactive group selected from a hydroxyl group and an alkoxy group.
- the alkoxy group is preferably an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- the component Ab has the following average composition formula: R 41 a4 R 42 b4 SiO (4-a4-b4) / 2 (4) It may be an organopolysiloxane represented by, or a mixture of two or more thereof.
- R 41 is a hydrosilylation reactive group, preferably a carbon - is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having a carbon-carbon double bond, preferably an alkenyl group.
- R 42 is a group selected from a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent hydrocarbon group, a hydroxyl group, and an alkoxy group other than the hydrosilylation reactive group, except that at least a part of R 42 is a substituted or unsubstituted aryl.
- a4 and b4 are numbers that satisfy the following conditions: 1 ⁇ a4 + b4 ⁇ 3 and 0.001 ⁇ a4 / (a4 + b4) ⁇ 0.33. Further, a4 and b4 are preferably numbers that satisfy the following conditions: 1.5 ⁇ a4 + b4 ⁇ 2.5 and 0.005 ⁇ a4 / (a4 + b4) ⁇ 0.2.
- the hydrosilylation-reactive group represented by R 41 includes a vinyl group, an allyl group, a butenyl group, a pentenyl group, a hexenyl group, a heptenyl group, an octenyl group, a nonenyl group, a decenyl group and an undecenyl group.
- An alkenyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms such as a dodecenyl group can be mentioned.
- R 41 is preferably a group independently selected from a vinyl group, an allyl group, and a hexenyl group, and is particularly preferably a vinyl group.
- examples of the monovalent hydrocarbon group other than the hydrosilylation-reactive group represented by R 42 include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, a butyl group, a pentyl group, a hexyl group, a heptyl group and an octyl group.
- Alkyl groups such as groups, nonyl groups, decyl groups, undecyl groups and dodecyl groups; aryl groups such as phenyl group, trill group, xylyl group, naphthyl group, anthracenyl group, phenanthryl group and pyrenyl group; and benzyl group and phenethyl group.
- Some of the hydrogen atoms of these alkyl groups may be substituted with halogen atoms or hydroxyl groups.
- one or more of the hydrogen atoms are alkyl groups such as methyl group and ethyl group; alkoxy groups such as methoxy group and ethoxy group; and / or chlorine atom, bromine atom and the like. It may be a group substituted with a halogen atom of.
- the hydrosilylation-reactive group R 41 contained in the component Ab is preferably a group selected from a vinyl group, an allyl group, and a hexenyl group, particularly a vinyl group.
- a group selected from a methyl group and a phenyl group as an aryl group is particularly preferable.
- the component Ab can be an organopolysiloxane having a cyclic molecular structure consisting of only D units, a linear molecular structure consisting of only D units, or a linear molecular structure consisting of D units and M units.
- the component Ab may be an organopolysiloxane having a branched chain-like molecular structure or a resin-like (network-like) molecular structure, and the branched-chain or resin-like organopolysiloxane may be MQ type or MT.
- Types, MQT-type, QT-type, MDQ-type, MDT-type, and MDQT-type organopolysiloxanes are, but are not limited to.
- the organopolysiloxane represented by the above average composition formula (4) is a hydrosilylation-reactive organopolysiloxane having a hydrosilylation-reactive group, but has a hydroxyl group and / or an alkoxy group as R 42 of the average composition formula. In some cases, it can be condensation reactive in addition to hydrosilylation reactive.
- the alkoxy group is preferably an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- the component Ab is (Ab-1) A linear or branched organopolysiloxane having an alkenyl group only at the end of the molecular chain, and optionally (Ab-2) at least one branched siloxane unit in the molecule.
- Component (Ab-1) has, at its molecular chain end (Alk) R 42 2 SiO 1/2 Table in (wherein, Alk is the average composition formula A 2 or more alkenyl groups carbon atoms (corresponding to R 41 in 4), R 42 corresponds to R 42 of the above average composition formula (4)) has a siloxane units, branch other siloxane units containing substantially composed only of siloxane units represented by R 42 2 SiO 2/2 linear or addition of one or more T and / or Q units It is a chain-like organopolysiloxane.
- the degree of siloxane polymerization of the component (Ab-1) is in the range of 7 to 1002 including the terminal siloxane unit.
- Such component (Ab-1) is particularly preferably both ends of the molecular chain (Alk) blocked with a siloxane unit represented by R 42 2 SiO 1/2, in linear organopolysiloxanes is there.
- the component (Ab-2) is an alkenyl group-containing organopolysiloxane resin, for example, an average unit formula: (R 51 SiO 3/2 ) o2 (R 51 2 SiO 2/2 ) p2 (R 51 3 SiO 1/2 ) q2 (SiO 4/2 ) r2 (XO 1/2 ) s2 (5)
- An alkenyl group-containing organopolysiloxane resin represented by is exemplified.
- R 51 is an alkenyl which is a hydrosilylation-reactive group, which is independently defined as a group represented by R 41 and R 42 of the average composition formula (4) of the above component Ab.
- R 51 is a group selected from a monovalent hydrocarbon group, a hydroxyl group, and an alkoxy group other than a group and a hydrosilylation reactive group
- X is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.
- the alkoxy group is preferably an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- R 51 is an alkenyl group in a range satisfying the range of 00% by mass, and it is particularly preferable that at least a part of R 51 on the siloxane unit represented by R 51 3 SiO 1/2 is an alkenyl group.
- (o2 + r2) is a positive number
- p2 is 0 or a positive number
- q2 is 0 or a positive number
- s2 is 0 or a positive number
- p2 / (o2 + r2) is. It is a number in the range of 0 to 10
- q2 / (o2 + r2) is a number in the range of 0 to 5
- (o2 + r2) / (o2 + p2 + q2 + r2) is a number in the range of 0.3 to 0.9
- S2 / (o2 + p2 + q2 + r2) is a number in the range of 0 to 0.4.
- Alk is an alkenyl group having 2 or more carbon atoms
- R 51 is a group other than the hydrosilylation reactive group defined in the above average formula (5)
- q21 + q22 + r2 is a number in the range of 50 to 500.
- (q21 + q22) / r2 is a number in the range of 0.1 to 2.0
- An example thereof is an MQ organopolysiloxane resin containing an alkenyl group represented by.
- the components Aa and / or Ab are i) R 61 SiO 3/2 units (in the formula, R 61 is independently a radical-reactive group, a hydrosilylation-reactive group, a radical-reactive group and a monovalent organic group other than a hydrosilylation-reactive group, a hydroxyl group, And a group selected from the group consisting of alkoxy groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms), and optionally further having 4/2 units of SiO, and ii).
- R 62 is independently a radical-reactive group, a hydrosilylation-reactive group, an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may be substituted with a halogen atom, and an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- It comprises a linear or branched organopolysiloxane structural block comprising a structural moiety, at least a portion of R 61 and R 62 is a radical-reactive group and / or a hydrosilylation-reactive group, and R 61.
- the ratio of the aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms to the total number of moles of the R 62 groups (excluding the hydroxyl group and the hydrogen atom) is 10 mol% or more, preferably 20 mol% or more, more preferably 20.
- It is an organopolysiloxane in the range of ⁇ 70 mol%.
- a structure having such a resin structure block and a linear or branched block (linear structure block) including a linear structure portion is referred to as a resin linear structure in the present specification.
- radical reactive groups that can be represented by R 61 and R 62 a group that is independently selected from those described as radical reactive groups that can be represented by R 11 in the average composition formula (1) in the above description of the component Aa is used. Can be mentioned.
- the radical reactive group represented by R 61 and R 62 a group selected from a vinyl group, an allyl group, a hexenyl group, an acrylic-containing group, and a methacryl-containing group is preferable, and a vinyl group, an allyl group, and a hexenyl group are particularly preferable. preferable.
- Examples of the hydrosilylation-reactive group represented by R 61 and R 62 include groups independently selected from those described as the hydrosilylation-reactive group represented by R 41 in the average composition formula (4) of the above-mentioned component Ab. ..
- the hydrosilylation-reactive group represented by R 61 and R 62 is preferably a group selected from a vinyl group, an allylic group, and a hexenyl group, particularly a vinyl group.
- the substituted or unsubstituted monovalent group having poor radical reaction and hydrosilylation reactivity and having no carbon-carbon double bond It can be a hydrocarbon radical.
- substituted or unsubstituted monovalent hydrocarbon groups include: methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, butyl group, pentyl group, hexyl group, heptyl group, octyl group, nonyl group, decyl group.
- Undecyl group alkyl group such as dodecyl group; aryl group such as phenyl group, tolyl group, xsilyl group, naphthyl group, anthracenyl group, phenanthryl group, pyrenyl group; and benzyl group, phenethyl group, naphthylethyl group, naphthylpropyl Examples thereof include a group selected from the group consisting of an aralkyl group such as a group, anthrasenylethyl group, phenanthrylethyl group and pyrenylethyl group.
- Some of the hydrogen atoms of these alkyl groups may be substituted with halogen atoms or hydroxyl groups.
- one or more of the hydrogen atoms are alkyl groups such as methyl group and ethyl group; alkoxy groups such as methoxy group and ethoxy group; and / or fluorine atom and chlorine atom. It may be a group substituted with a halogen atom such as a bromine atom.
- Alkoxy groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms that can be represented by R 61 include linear, branched, and cyclic alkoxy groups such as methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, isopropoxy, butoxy, pentyloxy, hexyloxy, and cyclohexyloxy. The group is mentioned. As the alkoxy group, a methoxy group is particularly preferable.
- alkyl groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may be substituted with halogen atoms which R 62 can represent, include methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, butyl group, pentyl group, hexyl group, heptyl group and octyl.
- Unsubstituted alkyl groups such as groups, nonyl groups, decyl groups, undecyl groups, dodecyl groups, and one or more hydrogen atoms of these alkyl groups are substituted with halogen atoms, such as fluorine, chlorine, or bromine atoms.
- Alkyl groups have been added. As the alkyl group, a methyl group is particularly preferable.
- Examples of groups selected from the substituted or unsubstituted aryl groups having 6 to 14 carbon atoms which can be represented by R 62 are phenyl group, tolyl group, xsilyl group, naphthyl group, anthrasenyl group, phenanthryl group, and pyrenyl group. , And a group in which a part or all of the hydrogen atom bonded to these groups is replaced with a halogen atom such as a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, or a bromine atom.
- a phenyl group is particularly preferable as the aryl group.
- This component can be a structure formed by combining the organopolysiloxane resin structure block of i) and the linear or branched organopolysiloxane block of ii), but the resin structure block and the linear chain can be formed.
- the connecting portion of the shaped or branched organopolysiloxane structural block is a -Si-O-Si-bond, -Si- RA -Si- (in the formula, RA has 2 to 14 carbon atoms, preferably 2 to 10 carbon atoms. It represents a linear or branched alkylene group), and is preferably selected from the group consisting of combinations thereof.
- the formation of the -Si-O-Si-bond between the structural block of i) and the structural block of ii) is not particularly limited, but for example, the resin structural block of i) and the linear or branched structure of ii) are formed. It can be formed by cross-linking the respective Si-OH and / or Si-OR groups (OR is a hydrolyzable group such as alkoxy having 1 to 6 carbon atoms) between the blocks by a condensation reaction. Therefore, in this case, for example, as a method for synthesizing the resin / linear structure, the resin structure block of i) is formed first, and the SiOH and / or SiOR groups of the resin structure block are linear or branched organopoly.
- Examples thereof include a method of synthesizing a linear or branched diorganopolysiloxane block under the condition that the siloxane blocks are linked.
- a product of the desired structure can be obtained by ring-opening polymerization of the cyclic organopolysiloxane in the presence of a resin structure block having SiOH and / or SiOR groups, optionally in the presence of a further cross-linking agent. ..
- Such an organopolysiloxane synthesis reaction itself can be carried out by using a well-known method.
- the connecting portion between the resin structure block and the linear or branched organopolysiloxane structure block containing the linear portion is a —Si— RA —Si— group (in the formula, RA has 2 to 14 carbon atoms, In the case of (preferably representing 2 to 10 linear or branched alkylene groups), for example, a direct having a silicon-bonded hydrogen atom (SiH group) with respect to a resin structure block having a hydrosilylation-reactive alkenyl group.
- an organopolysiloxane having a resin linear structure in which the alkenyl group possessed by the resin structure block becomes an RA moiety can be obtained. ..
- the synthesis of the organopolysiloxane having a resin linear structure can be carried out, for example, in accordance with the method described in JP-A-2010-1336.
- the method for synthesizing an organopolysiloxane having a resin linear structure including the structures i) and ii) above is not limited to the method exemplified above.
- organopolysiloxane having a resin linear structure will be described in more detail below.
- the organopolysiloxane having a resin linear structure used in the present invention is a T unit represented by R Ar SiO 3/2 in the molecule (in the formula, R Ar represents an aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms).
- R Ar represents an aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms.
- R 71 2 SiO 2/2 radical reactive group or hydrosilylation reactive group
- n good carbon atoms optionally substituted by a halogen atom
- the aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms is a phenyl group, a tolyl group, a xsilyl group, a naphthyl group, an anthracenyl group, and is preferably a phenyl group from the viewpoint of industrial production.
- R 71 is an alkyl group such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, a butyl group, a pentyl group, a hexyl group, a heptyl group, an octyl group, a nonyl group, a decyl group, an undecyl group and a dodecyl group; a phenyl group and a trill group.
- Aryl groups such as xylyl group, naphthyl group and anthracenyl group; and a group in which a part or all of hydrogen atoms bonded to these groups are replaced with halogen atoms such as fluorine atom, chlorine atom and bromine atom. From the viewpoint of industrial production, it is preferably a methyl group or a phenyl group.
- the radically reactive group is an alkenyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms such as a vinyl group, an allyl group, a butenyl group, a pentenyl group, a hexenyl group, a heptenyl group, an octenyl group, a nonenyl group, a decenyl group, an undecenyl group and a dodecenyl group; -Acrylic-containing groups such as acryloxypropyl group and 4-acryroxybutyl group; groups selected from methacryl-containing groups such as 3-methacryloxypropyl group and 4-methacryloxybutyl group, particularly preferably, hydrosilylated.
- alkenyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms such as a vinyl group, an allyl group, a butenyl group, a pentenyl group, a hexenyl group, a heptenyl group, an octeny
- the reactive group is an alkenyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms such as a vinyl group, an allyl group, a butenyl group, a penthenyl group, a hexenyl group, a heptenyl group, an octenyl group, a nonenyl group, a decenyl group, an undecenyl group and a dodecenyl group, preferably. It is a group selected from a vinyl group, an allyl group, and a hexenyl group, and is particularly preferably a vinyl group.
- the organopolysiloxane component having a resin linear structure has a T unit: R 72 SiO 3/2
- R 72 is a radical-reactive group, a hydrosilylation-reactive group, a radical-reactive group and a hydrosilylation reaction. It is a monovalent organic group other than a sex group, a hydroxyl group or an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and at least 1 or more of all R 72s in the molecule are aryl groups having 6 to 14 carbon atoms.
- the linear structural block represented by SiO 2/2 ) n is a silalkylene bond (-alkylene-Si-O-Si-) or -Si. It is an organopolysiloxane block copolymer having a resin linear structure having a structure linked by an —O—Si— bond and having the above R Ar SiO 3/2 units as R 72 SiO 3/2 .
- the resin structure block and the linear structure block in this organopolysiloxane block copolymer are connected by a silalkylene bond, and the Si atom contained in the resin structure constitutes a 3/2 unit of RA SiO and radicals. It is preferably a T-unit Si atom having a reactive or hydrosilylation-reactive radical.
- Organopolysiloxane having a resin linear structure contains an arylsiloxane T unit represented by R Ar SiO 3/2 and a T unit having a radical reactive group or a hydrosilylation reactive group as essential units, and the T unit or , T units and Q units are bonded in large numbers to form a partial structure composed of a resin-like organopolysiloxane.
- the refractive index of the organopolysiloxane component can be increased as compared with the case where the silicon atom-bonded organic group is only an alkyl group, for example, a methyl group.
- the organopolysiloxane having a resin linear structure is an organopolysiloxane containing 20 to 80% by mass of the arylsiloxane unit represented by R Ar SiO 3/2 in the total mass of the organopolysiloxane.
- the resin structure is formed substantially only from the arylsiloxane unit represented by R Ar SiO 3/2. Is particularly preferred.
- the linear structure moiety (R 71 2 SiO 2/2) a nonreactive blocks represented by n, diorganosiloxy units represented by R 71 2 SiO 2/2 is at least 3 units or more, It is preferably a structure in which 5 units or more are connected in a chain.
- Such a linear structure block is a partial structure that imparts appropriate flexibility to the cured product obtained from the curable composition of the present invention.
- n is the degree of polymerization of the diorganosyloxy unit constituting the partial structure, preferably in the range of 3 to 250, more preferably in the range of 5 to 250, 50 to 250, 100 to 250, 200 to 250. ..
- n in the partial structure exceeds the above upper limit, the property as a linear molecule derived from the linear structure is strongly expressed, and the thin film formability may be lowered.
- n is less than the above lower limit, the properties as a linear molecule are not sufficient, and cissing and the like are likely to occur particularly when the film is thinned, and when the curable composition of the present invention is used as a coating agent or a film. There is a possibility that problems such as not being able to uniformly coat the base material may occur when forming the
- the group R 71 on the diorganosyloxy unit constituting the linear structural portion is preferably an alkyl group or an aryl group, which is non-reactive with respect to the resin structure in the same molecule and the functional group contained therein. Therefore, it is necessary to maintain a linear structure without causing a polymerization reaction such as a condensation reaction in the molecule.
- These alkyl and aryl groups can be selected from the groups previously described in the definition of R 62 , and from an industrial point of view, R 71 is preferably a methyl group or a phenyl group.
- the resin structure block and the linear structure block in the organopolysiloxane having a resin linear structure are a silalkylene bond derived from a hydrosilylation reaction between an alkenyl group and a silicon atom bond hydrogen atom, or a resin structure part or a linear structure part. It is preferable that they are linked by a Si—O—Si bond formed by a condensable reactive group at the terminal of.
- the Si atom bonded to the resin structure constitutes R 71 SiO 3/2 units, and the following partial structure (T-Dn) is used. It is particularly preferable to have.
- R 1 (corresponding to R 72 above) is preferably a phenyl group
- R (corresponding to R 71 ) is independently a methyl group or It is preferably a phenyl group, particularly a methyl group.
- the terminal of the left Si—O— bond constituting the T unit is bonded to a hydrogen atom or another siloxane unit constituting the resin structure, preferably another T unit, respectively.
- the end of the Si—O— bond on the right side is bonded to another siloxane unit, triorganosyloxy unit (M unit) or hydrogen atom forming a linear structure or a resin structure.
- M unit triorganosyloxy unit
- Si—OH silanol group
- the organopolysiloxane having a resin linear structure is radically reactive or hydrosilyl from the viewpoint of uniform coatability of the coating film on the substrate.
- siloxane units having a reaction group is to be an organopolysiloxane composed of only diorganosiloxane units represented by R Ar aryl siloxane units and R 71 2 SiO 2/2 represented by SiO 3/2 preferable.
- this organopolysiloxane has the following unit composition formula: ⁇ (R 71 2 SiO 2/2) ⁇ a ⁇ R Ar SiO 3/2 ⁇ b ⁇ R Re SiO 3/2 ⁇ 1-a-b It is preferably an organopolysiloxane represented by.
- R 71 and R Ar are as described above, and R Re represents a radical reactive group and / or a hydrosilylation reactive group.
- the radical-reactive group and the hydrosilylation-reactive group are as previously defined as the groups represented by R 11 and R 41 , respectively.
- a is a number in the range of 0.8 to 0.2, and more preferably a number in the range of 0.80 to 0.40.
- b is a number in the range of 0.2 to 0.6.
- 10 mol% or more, preferably 12 mol% or more of all the groups bonded to all the siloxane units are aryl groups, preferably phenyl groups, and the silicon in the siloxane unit It is possible and preferred that 10-70 mol%, preferably 12-70 mol% of the attached groups be designed as the aryl group.
- aryl groups for example, phenyl groups
- the curable organopolysiloxane composition of the present invention can be used.
- the hardness of the obtained cured product can be designed to be relatively high, and it can be used as an independent bulk material such as a film or sheet, and when component A is combined with components B and C, A cured product having an excellent balance of light diffusivity and mechanical properties can be obtained.
- the mechanical properties such as elongation at break, toughness and durability of the cured product are improved without substantially impairing the hardness and mechanical strength of the cured product.
- the content of the aryl group is less than the above lower limit, the hardness and mechanical strength of the cured product become insufficient, and problems such as deformation may occur particularly when used as a thick optical member. ..
- the component Ac is an organohydrogenpolysiloxane having two or more hydrosilylation-reactive silicon-bonded hydrogen atoms (SiH) on average in the molecule.
- This component Ac is used in combination with an organopolysiloxane (component Ab) having two or more SiH groups capable of hydrosilylation reaction on average per molecule to obtain a hydrosilylation reaction-curable composition. It is an ingredient.
- Component Ac is a component that functions as a cross-linking agent for component Ab.
- component Ac examples include 1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane, 1,3,5,7-tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane, tris (dimethylhydrogensiloxy) methylsilane, and tris (dimethyl).
- the component Ac is (Ac-1) A linear or branched organohydrogenpolysiloxane having a silicon-bonded hydrogen atom only at the end of the molecular chain, and optionally at least three (Ac-2) in the molecule. It contains a linear or resinous organohydrogenpolysiloxane having a silicon-bonded hydrogen atom.
- the component (Ac-1) is an organohydrogenpolysiloxane having a silicon-bonded hydrogen atom only at the end of the molecular chain, and functions as a chain extender in the hydrosilylation reaction with the above component (Ab), and is a curing reaction product. It is an ingredient that improves flexibility.
- a component (Ac-1) is preferably a linear organohydrogenpolysiloxane, and for example, one represented by the following structural formula can be preferably used.
- HMe 2 SiO (Ph 2 SiO) m1 SiMe 2 H HMe 2 SiO (Me 2 SiO) m1 SiMe 2 H HMePhSiO (Ph 2 SiO) m1 SiMePhH HMePhSiO (Me 2 SiO) m1 SiMePhH HMePhSiO (Ph 2 SiO) m1 ( MePhSiO) n1 SiMePhH HMePhSiO (Ph 2 SiO) m1 ( Me 2 SiO) n1 SiMePhH HMePhSiO (Ph 2 SiO) m1 ( Me 2 SiO) n1 SiMePhH
- Me 2 SiO n1 SiMePhH
- Me 2 SiO n1 SiMePhH
- Me 2 SiO n1 SiMePhH
- Me 2 SiO n1 SiMePhH
- the component (Ac-2) is a linear or resinous organohydrogenpolysiloxane having at least three silicon-bonded hydrogen atoms in the molecule, and can be used in combination with the above component (Ac-1). It is a component that can impart rapid curability to the present composition.
- the resinous organohydrogenpolysiloxane contains at least a branched siloxane unit selected from SiO 4/2 unit (Q unit) and R 3 SiO 3/2 unit (T unit), and contains R 3 3 SiO. 1/2 units (M units), R 3 2 HSiO 1/2 units (M H units), and R 3 2 SiO 1/2 units (D units) by optionally selecting an arbitrary, R 3 HSiO 1/2 Organohydrogenpolysiloxanes comprising units ( DH units), more specifically MH MQ type, MH Q type, MH MT type, MH T type, MH MQT type, MH QC type, MH MDQ type, MH MDD H Q type, MH DQ type, MH DD H Q type, M H MDT type, M H MDD H T-type, M H DT type, M H DD H T-type, M H MDQT type, M H MDD H QT type, M H DQT type, M H DD H QT An
- Component B is an inorganic filler that imparts optical functions such as light diffusion characteristics or wavelength conversion to a cured product obtained from the curable composition of the present invention.
- the inorganic filler may be any one that can obtain an effect such as a light diffusing effect or wavelength conversion when combined with the organopolysiloxane of the present invention, and is not limited to a specific inorganic filler as long as such an effect can be obtained. ..
- As the filler used in the curable composition of the present invention it is preferable to use one or a combination of two or more selected from the group consisting of spherical silica particles, spherical alumina particles, and fluorescent filler.
- the inorganic filler in an amount of 30 to 95% by mass with respect to the total mass of the curable organopolysiloxane composition of the present invention, a cured product having excellent optical effects and well-balanced mechanical properties can be obtained. be able to.
- the amount of the inorganic filler is preferably 40 to 95% by mass, particularly preferably 50 to 92.5% by mass, based on the total mass of the composition.
- silica particles those having an amorphous shape and those having a spherical shape are known. Particles of any shape may be used as long as the light diffusion characteristics of the cured product obtained from the curable organopolysiloxane composition of the present invention can be improved, but the curable composition of the present invention has a spherical shape. It is preferable to use silica particles.
- spherical silica particles are spherical fused silica particles spheroidized by a melting method, for example, spherical fused silica particles obtained by melting crushed fine powder silica in a flame and spheroidizing them, which are commercially available. Can be used.
- spherical silica particles having an average particle size of 1 to 10 ⁇ m, particularly 2 to 5 ⁇ m (d 50 ) measured by, for example, the Coulter method or the laser diffraction / scattering method, particularly spherical fused silica particles may be used. preferable.
- [Spherical alumina particles] Particles of any shape may be used as long as the light diffusion characteristics of the cured product obtained from the curable organopolysiloxane composition of the present invention can be improved, but the alumina particles used in the present invention are spherical. Is preferable. Particularly preferable as the spherical alumina particles are, for example, spherical molten alumina particles spheroidized by a melting method in which crushed fine powder alumina particles are melted in a flame and spheroidized, and commercially available ones are used. Can be done.
- spherical alumina particles having an average particle size of 1 to 10 ⁇ m, particularly 2 to 5 ⁇ m (d 50 ) measured by, for example, the Coulter method or the laser diffraction / scattering method, particularly spherical molten alumina particles may be used. preferable.
- fluorescent filler Fluorescent material
- the film or sheet or coating layer containing the fluorescent filler obtained from the curable composition of the present invention also functions as a wavelength conversion material, and when placed on a light source, converts the wavelength of light from the light source. be able to. Further, the light diffusion characteristic can be imparted by using a fluorescent filler.
- the phosphor is not particularly limited, and is widely used in light emitting diodes (LEDs) or organic electroluminescent elements (OLEDs), such as oxide-based phosphors, oxynitride-based phosphors, and nitride-based phosphors.
- Examples thereof include yellow, red, green, and blue light emitting phosphors composed of sulfide-based phosphors, acid sulfide-based phosphors, and the like.
- Examples thereof include silicate-based green to yellow luminescent phosphors containing europium ions.
- Examples of the oxynitride-based phosphor include silicon, aluminum, oxygen, and nitrogen-based sialone-based red to green luminescent phosphors containing europium ions.
- Examples of the nitride-based phosphor include calcium, strontium, aluminum, silicon, and nitrogen-based cousin-based red-emitting phosphors containing europium ions.
- Examples of the sulfide-based phosphor include a ZnS-based green color-developing phosphor containing copper ions and aluminum ions.
- the oxysulfide phosphor include europium ion Y 2 O 2 S based red phosphors may be exemplified.
- these phosphors can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the phosphor a commercially available one can be used.
- the component C is an organosilicon compound different from the component A, and the following C1 and C2: C1)
- the molecule has a reactive functional group capable of binding to the reactive group of the component A, a hydrolyzable silyl group and / or a silicon atom-bonded hydroxyl group, and the number of silicon atoms in the molecule is 2.
- the molecule has a reactive functional group having 3 or more carbon atoms that can be bonded to the reactive group of the component A, a hydrolyzable silyl group and / or a silicon atom-bonded hydroxyl group, and is in the molecule.
- An organic silicon compound different from the component A which has 1 or more silicon atoms.
- the high temperature durability of the cured product is improved, and the cured product is deformed, cracked, peeled off from the member, etc. in response to a sudden temperature change (heat shock).
- heat shock a sudden temperature change
- Component C has the following general formula (7): (R a R b 2 SiO) p- K- (SiR b 2- Y-Si (R b ) q (OR c ) 3-q ) r (7) It is preferably an organosilicon compound represented by.
- This compound is an example of the above-mentioned C1 compound, and is also an example of the above-mentioned C2 compound when Ra is a radical-reactive group containing 3 or more carbon atoms or a hydrosilylation-reactive group.
- Ra represents a radical reactive group and / or a reactive group capable of binding to a hydrosilylation reactive group contained in the component A.
- the component A has a radical-reactive group, it is preferable that Ra is also a radical-reactive group capable of reacting with the radical-reactive group.
- Ra is an alkenyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms such as a vinyl group, an allyl group, a butenyl group, a pentenyl group, a hexenyl group, a heptenyl group, an octenyl group, a nonenyl group, a decenyl group, an undecenyl group and a dodecenyl group; -Acrylic-containing group such as acryloxypropyl group and 4-acryroxybutyl group; a group selected from methacryl-containing groups such as 3-methacryloxypropyl group and 4-methacryloxybutyl group.
- the radical reactive group contained in the component A is an alkenyl group, an acrylic-containing group or a methacryl-containing group
- examples of the reactive group contained in the component C include a mercapto group.
- the component A has a hydrosilylation reactive group may be a group capable of forming a bond with the hydrosilylation reactive group of the R a also component A, for example, vinyl, allyl, butenyl, pentenyl A group selected from alkenyl groups having 2 to 20 carbon atoms such as a group, a hexenyl group, a heptenyl group, an octenyl group, a nonenyl group, a decenyl group, an undecenyl group, and a dodecenyl group, preferably a vinyl group or a silicon bond.
- R b independently represents a group selected from the group consisting of monovalent hydrocarbon groups, halogenated hydrocarbon groups, and cyanoalkyl groups.
- R b include an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, a butyl group and an octyl group; a cycloalkyl group such as a cyclopentyl group and a cyclohexyl group; a phenyl group and a trill group.
- Substituent or unsubstituted aryl groups such as naphthyl groups; aralkyl groups such as benzyl group, phenylethyl group and phenylpropyl group; halogenated hydrocarbon groups such as trifluoropropyl group and chloropropyl group; ⁇ -cyanoethyl group and ⁇ -cyano Examples include cyanoalkyl groups such as propyl groups.
- R b is preferably a methyl group or a phenyl group independently, and is particularly preferably a methyl group.
- Rc is a group independently selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and an alkoxyalkyl group having a total carbon number of 2 to 10.
- the alkyl group include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, a butyl group, a hexyl group, an octyl group and the like.
- the alkoxyalkyl group include a methoxymethyl group, a methoxyethyl group, an ethoxyethyl group and the like.
- R c is preferably a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, or an ethyl group independently.
- K is the average composition formula (R b 3 SiO 1/2 ) s (R b 2 SiO 2/2 ) t (R b SiO 3/2 ) u (SiO 4/2 ) v (OR c ) )
- R b and R c are as defined for the formula (7).
- Each of s, t, u, v, and w represents the number of each unit, and each represents a number from 0 to 500 provided that all of t, u, and v are not 0, except that the value of s + w is u + 2v.
- Y is an oxygen atom, a divalent hydrocarbon group, or a general formula: (8) (In the formula, R b is as defined above and Z is a divalent hydrocarbon group).
- the divalent hydrocarbon group represented by Z is preferably an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms independently, and is particularly preferably selected from a methylene group, an ethylene group, a propylene group, a butylene group, and a hexylene group. preferable.
- Equation (7) p represents a number from 1 to 10
- r represents a number from 1 to 10
- q represents a number from 0 to 2 within a possible range depending on the structure of K.
- K in formula (7) is absent, i.e. K represents a single bond and p and r may be 1.
- the compound of formula (7) has the following formula: R a R b 2 SiO-SiR b 2- Y-Si (R b ) q (OR c ) 3-q (9) It is represented by.
- R a , R b , R c , Y, and q are as defined for equation (7).
- the compound of the above formula (7) has the following structural formula: (10) It is preferably an organosilicon compound represented by.
- Ra , R b , R c , and Y are as defined in equation (7).
- Ra is particularly preferably a vinyl group or a hydrogen atom.
- R b is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, a butyl group and an octyl group, and a methyl group is particularly preferable.
- m is a number in the range of 0 to 500, and in particular, m is preferably a number in which the viscosity of this compound at 25 ° C.
- Y is as defined for equation (7). a is 0, 1, or 2, a is preferably 0 or 1, and particularly preferably 0.
- a particularly preferable compound of the formula (10) has the following chemical formula: Vi (CH 3 ) 2 Si- (OSI (CH 3 ) 2 ) n- OSI (OCH 3 ) 3
- Vi represents a vinyl group
- n is 1 to 50, preferably 2 to 30, and more preferably 3 to 25.
- the organosilicon compound represented by the formula (7) or (10) is produced in accordance with a well-known method, for example, the production method described in JP-A-4-137667 and JP-A-63-270762. can do. It is preferable that the organosilicon compound has a low content of low molecular weight siloxane oligomers (octamethyltelolasiloxane (D4), decamethylpentasiloxane (D5)) or substantially does not contain these.
- D4 octamethyltelolasiloxane
- D5 decamethylpentasiloxane
- a particularly preferable example of the compound is an organosilicon compound represented by the following formula.
- Ra is a radical-reactive or hydrosilylation-reactive functional group
- Me is a methyl group
- n is 1 to 100, preferably 2 to 50, and particularly preferably 3 to 30.
- the compound of the formula (11) is a mixture of compounds having different n, n represents an average value.
- Ra is particularly preferably a vinyl group or a hydrogen atom
- the vinyl group is a radical reactive and / or hydrosilylation-reactive group
- the hydrogen atom is a hydrosilylation-reactive group. ..
- Examples of the above-mentioned C2 compound include a compound having a radical reactivity and / or a hydrosilylation reactivity in each of the above-mentioned organosilicon compounds and having a Ra group having 3 or more carbon atoms, and the following general formula: R a (R b ) q Si (OR c ) 3-q (7')
- R a represents a reactive functional group having more than 3 carbon atoms capable of reacting bonded with the reactive group of the components A, R b, R c, and q is the formula (7) Has a defined meaning for.
- Ra is preferably a terminal unsaturated alkenyl group having 3 or more carbon atoms, and examples thereof include allyl and hexenyl.
- R b is preferably a group selected from methyl and phenyl groups, and a methyl group is particularly preferable.
- R c is preferably a group selected from methyl and ethyl groups, and a methyl group is particularly preferable. It is particularly preferable that q is 0.
- Specific compounds represented by the formula (7') include allyltrimethoxysilane, allyltriethoxylane, hexenyltrimethoxysilane, hexenyltriethoxysilane, methacrylpropyltrimethoxysilane, methacrylpropyltriethoxylane, and acrylicpropyl. Examples thereof include, but are not limited to, trimethoxysilane and acrylic propyltriethoxylan.
- the above-mentioned C1 and C2 components can be used as the C component of the present invention, but in particular, since the C1 component is usually a non-volatile component, stable surface treatment can be performed on the B component. Compared with the case of using the volatile C component, there is an advantage that the technical effect of the present invention can be stably realized with a small amount of use.
- the C1 and C2 components preferably have a boiling point of 200 ° C. or higher at 25 ° C. and 1 atm, and are substantially non-volatile components.
- the curable organopolysiloxane composition of the present invention contains components A, B, and C as essential components as described above, but promotes curing to promote a curing reaction involving reactive groups of components A and C. Agents or curing catalysts may be added to the composition. Further, the curable composition of the present invention may be cured by heat including normal temperature, cured by using high energy rays such as ultraviolet rays, or cured in combination thereof.
- a radical polymerization initiator may be added to the composition as a radical reaction initiator in order to accelerate the curing of the curable composition.
- a known thermal radical polymerization initiator such as an azo compound or an organic peroxide can be used.
- the organic peroxide include alkyl peroxides and / or acyl peroxides, for example, benzoyl peroxide, 2,4-dichlorobenzoyl peroxide, p-chlorobenzoyl peroxide, and dicumyl.
- Examples include, but are not limited to, peroxides, ditert-butyl peroxides, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di (tert-butylperoxy) hexanes and the like.
- Examples of the azo compound include 2,2'-azobisisobutyronitrile, 2,2'-azobis-2-methylbutyronitrile, 2,2'-azobis-2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile, and 4,4-.
- Examples include, but are not limited to, azobis-4-cyanovaleric acid.
- the amount of the thermal radical polymerization initiator is preferably equal to or more than the number of moles, preferably 2 times by mole or more, based on the number of moles of the radical reactive group contained in the component A in the curable organopolysiloxane composition of the present invention. ..
- the composition may be heated in order to cure the curable composition.
- a photoradical polymerization initiator may be used together with or in place of the thermal radical polymerization initiator.
- a known initiator can be used as the photoradical polymerization initiator, and the initiator is not particularly limited.
- Specific examples of the photoradical polymerization initiator include acetophenone, benzophenone, o-benzoylbenzoic acid, p-benzoylbenzoic acid, 2,2-diethoxyacetophenone, 2,4-diethyl-9H-thioxanthene-9-one, 4,4'-Dimethoxybenzyl, 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone, 2-ethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone, 2-ethylanthraquinone, 1-hydroxycyclohexylphenylketone, 2- (hydroxyimino) propiophenone, 2-Hydroxy-2-methylpropiophenone, 2-isopropoxy-2-phenylacetophenone, 2-methyl-4'-(methylthio)
- Omnirad 651, 184, 1173, 2959, 127, 907, 369, 369E, and 379EG alkylphenone-based photopolymerization initiator, IGM Resins BV
- Omnirad TPO H, TPO-L, and 819 acylphosphine
- Omnirad MBF and 754 intramolecular hydrogen abstraction type photopolymerization initiator, IGM Resins BV
- Irgacre OXE01 and OXE02 oxym ester-based photopolymerization initiator, BASF
- the curable composition may be irradiated with high energy rays, for example, ultraviolet rays, X-rays, or electron beams. Further, when the radical reactive group contained in the component A causes a sufficient cross-linking reaction only by irradiation with high energy rays, the curable composition of the present invention is obtained only by irradiation with high energy rays without using a photoradical initiator. May be cured.
- a photosensitizer may be used in addition to the photoradical polymerization initiator.
- the photon efficiency of the polymerization reaction can be increased, and light having a longer wavelength can be used for the polymerization reaction as compared with the case where only the photoinitiator is used. It is known to be particularly effective when the coating thickness of the above is relatively thick, or when a relatively long wavelength LED light source is used for light irradiation.
- the sensitizer include anthracene compounds, phenothiazine compounds, perylene compounds, cyanine compounds, merocyanine compounds, coumarin compounds, benzilidenketone compounds, (thio) xanthene or (thio) xanthone compounds, for example, isopropyl.
- Thioxanthone, 2,4-diethylthioxanthone, squalium-based compounds, (thia) pyrylium-based compounds, porphyrin-based compounds, and the like are known, and any photosensitizer is used in the curable composition of the present invention. be able to.
- the amount of the photoradical polymerization initiator added to the composition of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the desired photoradical polymerization reaction occurs, but is generally based on the total mass of the curable composition of the present invention. It is used in an amount of 0.01 to 5% by mass, preferably 0.05 to 1% by mass.
- a photosensitizer can also be used in combination with the above photocationic polymerization initiator or photoradical polymerization initiator.
- the photosensitizer include anthracene compounds, phenothiazine compounds, perylene compounds, cyanine compounds, merocyanine compounds, coumarin compounds, benzilidenketone compounds, (thio) xanthene or (thio) xanthone compounds, for example.
- examples thereof include isopropylthioxanthone, 2,4-diethylthioxanthone, squalium-based compounds, (thia) pyrylium-based compounds, and porphyrin-based compounds.
- component C has a radical reactive group and a reactive group.
- the reactive group contained in the component C preferably reacts with the radical reactive group contained in the component A under the condition that the component A undergoes a radical polymerization reaction.
- a hydrosilylation reaction catalyst may be added to the composition of the present invention in order to accelerate the curing of the composition.
- a hydrosilylation reaction catalyst that exhibits activity in the composition without irradiation with high energy rays.
- the catalyst (i) is used when the curable composition of the present invention is cured at room temperature or heating, and the catalyst (i) is used when the curing of the curable composition is promoted by further irradiating with high energy rays.
- a catalyst (ii) can be used when the curable composition of the present invention is cured by irradiation with high energy rays.
- the amount of the catalyst (i) and the catalyst (ii) added to the curable composition is 100/0 to 5/95 (catalyst (i) / catalyst) in terms of mass ratio. It is preferably in the range of (ii)).
- high-energy rays examples include ultraviolet rays, X-rays, and electron beams, and among these, the use of ultraviolet rays is preferable because the efficiency of catalyst activation is high.
- the irradiation amount varies depending on the type of high-energy ray-activated hydrosilylation reaction catalyst, but in the case of ultraviolet rays, the integrated irradiation amount at a wavelength of 365 nm is 100 mJ / cm 2 to 10 J /. It is preferably within the range of cm 2 .
- the catalyst (i) is a hydrosilylation catalyst capable of activating a hydrosilylation reaction without irradiation with high energy rays.
- the curable composition of the present invention has a fast-curing / quick-drying curing profile when the hydrosilylation reaction inhibitor is not contained or the amount of the inhibitor used is small. Can be given.
- the catalyst for the hydrosilylation reaction of the catalyst (i) include a platinum-based catalyst, a rhodium-based catalyst, a palladium-based catalyst, a nickel-based catalyst, an iridium-based catalyst, a ruthenium-based catalyst, and an iron-based catalyst, and a platinum-based catalyst is preferable. It is a catalyst.
- platinum-based catalyst examples include platinum-based compounds such as platinum fine powder, platinum black, platinum-supported silica fine powder, platinum-supported activated charcoal, platinum chloride acid, alcohol solution of platinum chloride acid, platinum olefin complex, and platinum alkenylsiloxane complex. Is exemplified, and an alkenylsiloxane complex of platinum is particularly preferable. Examples of this alkenylsiloxane include 1,3-divinyl-1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane, 1,3,5,7-tetramethyl-1,3,5,7-tetravinylcyclotetrasiloxane.
- Examples thereof include alkenylsiloxanes in which some of the methyl groups of these alkenylsiloxanes are substituted with ethyl groups, phenyl groups and the like, and alkenylsiloxanes in which the vinyl groups of these alkenylsiloxanes are substituted with allyl groups, hexenyl groups and the like.
- alkenylsiloxanes in which some of the methyl groups of these alkenylsiloxanes are substituted with ethyl groups, phenyl groups and the like
- alkenylsiloxanes in which the vinyl groups of these alkenylsiloxanes are substituted with allyl groups, hexenyl groups and the like.
- 1,3-divinyl-1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane is preferable because the stability of this platinum-alkenylsiloxane complex is good.
- the catalyst (i) is a catalyst that exhibits activity without irradiation with high energy rays, but among them, a catalyst that exhibits activity even at a relatively low temperature is preferable. Specifically, it exhibits activity in the curable composition of the present invention in a temperature range of 0 to 200 ° C. and promotes a hydrosilylation reaction.
- the content of the catalyst (i) varies depending on the type of catalyst and the type of composition, but usually, the metal atoms in the catalyst are in the range of 0.01 to 50 ppm in terms of mass with respect to the curable composition.
- the curable composition of the present invention can be rapidly cured / fast. It can impart dryness characteristics. If the amount of the catalyst (i) added is too small, the curing time of the curable composition becomes long, and if the amount of the catalyst (i) added is too large, the pot life may be too short, causing practical inconvenience and cost increase. It is not preferable because it becomes.
- the catalyst (ii) is a hydrosilylation catalyst that does not show activity without irradiation with high energy rays, but shows activity in the present composition by irradiation with high energy rays, and is a so-called high energy ray activation catalyst or photoactivity. It is called a chemical catalyst.
- the catalyst (ii) include (methylcyclopentadienyl) trimethyl platinum (IV), (cyclopentadienyl) trimethyl platinum (IV), and (1,2,3,4,5-pentamethylcyclopenta). Dienyl) trimethyl platinum (IV), (cyclopentadienyl) dimethylethyl platinum (IV), (cyclopentadienyl) dimethylacetyl platinum (IV), (trimethylsilylcyclopentadienyl) trimethyl platinum (IV), (methoxy) Carbonyl Cyclopentadienyl) trimethyl platinum (IV), (dimethylphenylsilylcyclopentadienyl) trimethylcyclopentadienyl platinum (IV), trimethyl (acetylacetonato) platinum (IV), trimethyl (3,5-heptandio) Nate) Platinum (IV), trimethyl (Methylacetacetate) Platinum (IV), Bis (2,4-Pentandionato) Platinum (II), Bis
- a catalyst for curing the curable composition of the present invention a catalyst (i) and a catalyst (ii) can be used in combination.
- the hydrosilylation reaction product obtained by the above catalyst (i) can be imparted with secondary curability by irradiation with high energy rays (hereinafter, may be referred to as "photocurability"), and the catalyst (hereinafter, may be referred to as "photocurability").
- photocurability secondary curability by irradiation with high energy rays
- photocurability high energy rays
- the curing reaction is promoted by the catalyst (i) even in the part where sufficient light irradiation cannot be performed, and the reaction is cured until it becomes non-fluid. Further curing reactions can proceed on the material.
- the amount of the catalyst (ii) added is an amount necessary for further curing the composition to the reaction obtained by the above component (i), or an amount sufficient for improving the quick-curing / quick-drying property.
- the amount of the metal atom in the catalyst is in the range of 1 to 50 ppm by mass, and preferably in the range of 5 to 30 ppm with respect to the present composition.
- the mass ratio of the catalyst (i) to the catalyst (ii) is 90 /.
- the range is preferably 10 to 5/95, more preferably 85/15 to 10/90. This is because when the mass ratio is not more than the above upper limit, the effect of increasing the curing reaction rate by high energy ray irradiation can be obtained, and when the mass ratio is less than the above lower limit, the curing reaction takes a short time at a relatively low temperature such as room temperature. Does not progress sufficiently, that is, a quick-curing / quick-drying curing profile may not be realized. Further, after applying the curable composition of the present invention to a substrate or the like, the curable composition can be irradiated with ultraviolet rays using a spot UV light source to prevent the composition from flowing.
- the curable composition of the present invention is a composition that is cured by a hydrosilylation reaction
- a hydrosilylation reaction inhibitor may be used if necessary.
- Hydrosilylation reaction inhibitors are commonly used to improve the pot life of curable compositions.
- Examples of the compound that can be used as a hydrosilylation reaction inhibitor in the curable composition of the present invention include 2-methyl-3-butyne-2-ol, 3,5-dimethyl-1-hexin-3-ol, and 2-.
- Alkyne alcohols such as phenyl-3-butyne-2-ol; enyne compounds such as 3-methyl-3-penten-1-in and 3,5-dimethyl-3-hexene-1-in; 1,3,5 7-Tetramethyl-1,3,5,7-tetravinylcyclotetrasiloxane, 1,3,5,7-tetramethyl-1,3,5,7-tetrahexenylcyclotetrasiloxane, benzotriazole and the like can be mentioned. Can be done.
- the amount of the reaction inhibitor used is not limited, but is preferably in the range of 0.0001 to 5 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass in total of the curable composition of the present invention.
- the amount of each component is based on 1 mol of the carbon-carbon double bond which is the hydrosilylation-reactive group.
- the silicon-bonded hydrogen atom may be in the range of 0.1 to 10 mol, preferably in the range of 0.2 to 5.0 mol, and particularly preferably in the range of 0.5 to 2.0 mol. preferable.
- the amount of silicon-bonded hydrogen atoms is 0.1 mol or less with respect to 1 mol of hydrosilylation-reactive carbon-carbon double bond, the curable composition may not be sufficiently cured.
- the obtained cured product becomes too hard or the elongation at break of the cured product decreases. In some cases.
- condensation reaction catalyst for accelerating the reaction between the hydrolyzable silicon group and / or the silicon atom-bonded hydroxyl group of the component C and the inorganic filler of the component B is added to the curable composition of the present invention.
- the type of condensation reaction catalyst to be used in the present invention is not particularly limited, but for example, organic tin compounds such as dibutyltin dilaurate, dibutyltin diacetate, tin octene, dibutyltin dioctate, and tin laurate; tetrabutyl titanate, tetra.
- Organic titanium compounds such as propyl titanate and dibutoxybis (ethylacetacetate) titanium; other acidic compounds such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid; alkaline compounds such as ammonia and sodium hydroxide; 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4] .0] Amine compounds such as undecene (DBU), 1,4-diazabicyclo [2.2.2] octane (DABCO); organic zirconium esters such as zirconium tetrapropylate and zirconium tetrabutyrate; zirconium tributoxyacetylacet Esters, zirconium butoxyacetylacetonates Organic zirconium chelates such as bisethylacetoacetate and zirconitetetraacetylacetonate; zirconium bis (2-ethylhexanoate) oxide, zirconium acetylacetonate (2-e
- An imparting agent; a heat resistant agent; a dye; a pigment; a flame retardant imparting agent; a solvent or the like may be added.
- spherical silica particles as the component B, particularly preferably spherical molten silica particles, spherical alumina particles, particularly preferably particles selected from the group consisting of spherical molten alumina particles, and fluorescent filler, as a further inorganic filler.
- titanium oxide particles having an average particle diameter of 0.1 to 10.0 ⁇ m can be used.
- Such an additional inorganic filler may be added to the curable composition for the purpose of further improving the reflection and scattering effect of the cured product obtained by curing the curable composition of the present invention.
- the cured product obtained by curing the curable organopolysiloxane composition of the present invention preferably has a light transmittance of 40% or more.
- the light transmittance is a value measured in the wavelength region (entire range) of visible light by mounting an integral class unit having a diameter of 150 mm on an ultraviolet-visible near-infrared spectrophotometer.
- the cured product is measured for light scattering characteristics by using a Scattering Profiler for bidirectional transmittance distribution function measurement equipped with a white light source (particularly, a white LED formed by combining a blue LED and a yellow phosphor), and both of them
- a white light source particularly, a white LED formed by combining a blue LED and a yellow phosphor
- the transmitted light intensity is 0.65 or more at the light receiving position tilted 45 degrees with respect to the straight transmitted light centered on the measurement sample. It is preferably diffusible.
- the bidirectional transmittance distribution function (BTDF) is a function peculiar to the transmission position, which indicates how much light component is transmitted and travels in each direction when light is incident from a certain direction. ..
- the cured product obtained from the curable organopolysiloxane composition of the present invention has a component C as compared with a cured product obtained from a curable organopolysiloxane composition having the same components except that the component C is not contained. It can be expected that the elongation at break of the cured product is improved by 10% or more, preferably 20% or more by using the above, which is preferable.
- the combination of the component A and the component C causes the breaking elongation without significantly changing the breaking strength.
- the mechanical durability and thermal shock resistance of the cured product can be improved while maintaining the hardness of the cured product, and the obtained cured product is tough against physical and thermal impacts. It has the advantage that cracks and deformation are unlikely to occur.
- the value of the elongation at break of the cured product can be designed to a desired value by changing the components of the curable composition, but it may be in the range of 1 to 50%, and the hardness is kept relatively high.
- the composition of the curable composition may be designed so that the elongation at break is in the range of 1 to 10% as it is, and a slightly flexible cured product having an elongation at break exceeding 10% can be obtained.
- the formulation of the curable composition may be designed.
- the cured product according to the present invention preferably has a hardness in the range of Shore A hardness 40 to Shore D hardness 90.
- Shore A hardness 40 to Shore D hardness 90 the greater the amount of radical-reactive groups or hydrosilylation-reactive groups contained per unit volume or unit mass of the curable composition of the present invention, the higher the hardness of the obtained cured product.
- the hardness of the cured product can be adjusted.
- the hardness of Shore A or Shore D of the cured product can also be adjusted by the ratio of the inorganic filler of the component B contained in the curable composition. Having the hardness and improved elongation at break described above, the cured product of the present invention can be used as a bulk material that can be handled alone, such as a film or a sheet.
- the use of the curable organopolysiloxane composition of the present invention is not particularly limited.
- Applications of the composition of the present invention include adhesives for electrical and electronic use, encapsulants, protective agents, coating agents, underfill agents, etc., and are particularly used as members requiring light diffusivity. can do.
- Particularly preferred uses of the curable composition of the present invention include optical members, particularly optical members that require light diffusivity. More specific applications include a light diffusing film or coating agent for a light receiving type sensor, particularly a light diffusing film for a light receiving type sensor and a light diffusing coating agent.
- Another specific application suitable for the curable composition of the present invention is a sealant for a light emitting diode.
- the present invention also provides an optical device including an optical member formed using the curable composition of the present invention, such as a light receiving sensor and a light emitting diode.
- Light emitting diodes include both inorganic light emitting diodes (LEDs) and organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs).
- the inorganic filler of component B is particularly preferably a fluorescent filler (fluorescent material).
- the cured product obtained from the curable organopolysiloxane composition of the present invention is itself because 10 mol% or more of all the groups bonded to the silicon atom of the organopolysiloxane are aryl groups, particularly preferably phenyl groups. It has hardness and mechanical properties suitable for use as a bulk material such as an independent film or sheet.
- the curable composition of the present invention is used as an optical member such as a light diffusion film or a sheet, it is particularly preferable to use it so that the thickness of the cured product obtained from the curable composition is 100 to 1000 ⁇ m.
- the viscosity of the composition is suitable for coating the film or sheet on, for example, a peelable substrate. It can be used as it is without being diluted with a solvent.
- the viscosity of the composition of the present invention can also be diluted with a solvent to bring the composition to a viscosity suitable for coating on a strippable substrate. Therefore, the present invention provides a coating agent containing the above-mentioned curable organopolysiloxane composition and a solvent, particularly an organic solvent.
- This coating agent can be used to form a coating layer made of a cured product of the curable composition of the present invention on a substrate, and the coating layer is not particularly limited, but is, for example, a light diffusion layer of an optical member. be able to.
- the cured product obtained from the curable organopolysiloxane composition of the present invention can be used as a member having a desired form, but when used as an optical member, it is in the form of a film or sheet or a thin film, particularly a coated thin film. Is preferable.
- a film or sheet-like cured product having a film thickness in the range of 5 to 2000 ⁇ m, preferably 100 to 1000 ⁇ m, or a solid silicone material in the form of a coating film. Can be done.
- the inorganic filler of component B particularly spherical silica particles, particularly spherical fused silica particles, and / or particularly spherical alumina particles, particularly spherically fused.
- the thickness of the film or sheet or coating layer made of the cured product of the present invention is preferably in the range of 3L to 200L ( ⁇ m) with respect to the particle size L ( ⁇ m) of the filler. ..
- the hardness of the solid silicone material forming the film or sheet-like material or the coating layer depends on the substrate, and is not particularly limited. However, practically, the cured product obtained from the curable composition of the present invention.
- the hardness of the pencil is preferably 2B or more, or is preferably in the range of Shore A hardness 40 to Shore D hardness 90.
- the curable organopolysiloxane composition of the present invention is used as a coating liquid dissolved and suspended in an organic solvent in order to form a cured product in the form of a film or sheet, or to form a coating film on a substrate.
- the type of the organic solvent used to prepare the coating liquid is not particularly limited as long as it is a compound capable of dissolving all or some of the constituents of the components A and C in the composition, and the boiling point is not particularly limited. Those having a temperature of 0 ° C. or higher and lower than 200 ° C. under 1 atm (0.1013 MPa) are preferably used.
- solvent for example, i-propyl alcohol, t-butyl alcohol, cyclohexanol, cyclohexanone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, toluene, xylene, mesitylene, 1,4-dioxane, dibutyl ether, anisole, 4-methyl.
- a method for forming a solid silicone material, which is a cured product obtained by curing the curable organopolysiloxane composition of the present invention, into a film, a sheet, or a thin film is not particularly limited, but for example, the following. It can be done in such a way.
- a known molding method such as integral molding. It can be formed on a substrate.
- Common molding methods include transfer molding, injection molding, and compression molding.
- transfer molding a film-like or thin-film-like member as a molded product can be obtained by filling a plunger of a molding machine with the solid silicone material according to the present invention and performing automatic molding.
- the molding machine any of an auxiliary ram type molding machine, a slide type molding machine, a double ram type molding machine, and a low pressure filling molding machine can be used.
- a peelable base material as the base material, it is possible to obtain a bulk material made of the solid silicone material of the present invention, which can handle the film or sheet itself by itself.
- the curable organopolysiloxane composition of the present invention is contained in an organic solvent such as i-propyl alcohol or methyl isobutyl ketone.
- a dispersion containing the curable organopolysiloxane composition is applied onto a desired substrate in the form of a film or a sheet, and the organic solvent is removed by means such as drying to remove the curable composition.
- a film or sheet-like material can be obtained by curing the above.
- the dispersion When the dispersion is coated in the form of a film or a sheet, it is preferable to adjust the viscosity of the dispersion with a solvent so that the viscosity of the entire dispersion is 100 to 10,000 mPa ⁇ s, and the dispersion is diluted with a solvent. In this case, it is preferable to use the solvent in the range of 2000 parts by mass or less with respect to the total amount of solids (100 parts by mass) contained in the dispersion liquid.
- the amount of the curable composition applied to the substrate is arbitrary, but the film or sheet-like material formed after removing the organic solvent and curing the curable composition has a desired film thickness.
- a peelable base material as the base material to which the dispersion liquid is applied, a film or sheet made of the solid silicone material of the present invention is formed on the peelable base material, and then the film or sheet is formed.
- the curable organopolysiloxane composition of the present invention dissolved and dispersed in an organic solvent is directly coated on a member of an optical device, the solvent is removed, and then the coating film is formed. You can also do it.
- the hardness and the hardness that can be handled as a single film or sheet material. Can have mechanical strength.
- the solid silicone material obtained by curing the curable organopolysiloxane composition of the present invention can be used as an optical member, particularly for optical devices such as light emitting diodes (LEDs), organic electroluminescent elements (OLEDs), and light receiving sensors. Can be used.
- the solid silicone material obtained from the curable composition of the present invention is preferably arranged at the interface with air as a solid layer constituting the laminate portion in the optical device.
- the laminate is a light emitting device, for example, a light emitting diode or an organic electroluminescent element, a layer containing at least one kind of fluorescent filler between the light source and the solid silicone material of the present invention (hereinafter, "fluorescent layer"). Also referred to as).
- fluorescent layer a layer containing at least one kind of fluorescent filler between the light source and the solid silicone material of the present invention
- the solid silicone material according to the present invention is used as a light diffusing material for diffusing light incident on a light receiving sensor, particularly as a light diffusing coating layer, a light diffusing film or a sheet, spherical molten silica particles and spherical molten silica particles as component B / Or it is particularly preferable to use spherical molten alumina particles.
- the peelable base material is generally composed of a base material and a release layer formed on the base material, so that a film-like or sheet-like material generally formed on the release layer by a coating method can be easily peeled off from the base material. It means what was done.
- a laminate in which a film-like or sheet-like material of a solid silicone material made of a cured product obtained from the curable composition of the present invention is arranged on a release layer will be described.
- the film or sheet-like material made of the solid silicone material of the present invention and the laminated material containing the same may be required to be handled in a single form separated from the base material.
- a film or sheet-like material made of the solid silicone material of the present invention or a sheet-like material thereof is selected from the release layer constituting the releaseable base material together with the base material. Laminated materials containing the above can be easily separated and handled.
- Such a peelable base material has a peeling layer facing a solid layer such as a film made of the solid silicone material of the present invention, and may further be provided with another peeling layer, if optionally.
- the following configurations can be exemplified as the constitution of the laminate including the solid layer composed of the peelable base material and the solid silicone material of the present invention.
- “/" means that the layers face each other in the stacking direction of the laminated body (generally, the thickness direction perpendicular to the base material).
- the base material and the peeling layer may be an integral or the same layer (a base material having peelability by providing a material or physical unevenness).
- Example 1 Substrate / release layer / solid layer made of the solid silicone material of the present invention / any other layer (may be one layer or two or more layers)
- Example 2 Base material / release layer / solid layer made of the solid silicone material of the present invention / any other layer (which may be one layer or two or more layers) / release layer / base material
- “Other optional””Layer” refers to a layer that may be used if desired, but may not be used.
- the other arbitrary layer includes, for example, a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, but is not limited thereto.
- Example 2 when a film-like or sheet-like material made of the solid silicone material of the present invention or a laminated material containing the same is sandwiched between two release layers, the solid silicone of the present invention is used.
- a material having a solid layer of material can be transported (including export to foreign countries) while being protected by a base material, and peeling with a peeling layer from both sides of the laminate at a desired timing and place.
- the sex substrate is separated, and only the film-like or sheet-like material made of the solid silicone material of the present invention, or the laminated material containing the same, is incident on the desired structure, for example, the light incident on the light source of the light emitting device or the light incident on the light receiving sensor.
- the laminated material of the portion excluding the peelable base material is a laminated sheet or the like provided with a solid layer made of the solid silicone material of the present invention and a phosphor layer, the handling workability thereof can be improved, which is useful. Is.
- the types of the above-mentioned base materials are not particularly limited, but paperboard, cardboard paper, clay-coated paper, polyolefin laminated paper, especially polyethylene laminated paper, synthetic resin film / sheet, natural fiber cloth, synthetic fiber cloth, and artificial leather. Examples include cloth and metal foil.
- a synthetic resin film / sheet is preferable as the base material, and examples of the synthetic resin include polyimide, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate, cyclopolyolefin, and nylon.
- the base material is preferably in the form of a film or a sheet.
- the thickness of the base material is not particularly limited, and a material having a desired thickness can be used depending on the application.
- the above-mentioned base material itself is a material that functions as a release layer, and / or has a structure in which fine irregularities are physically formed on the surface of the base material to provide peelability. You may.
- the above-mentioned release layer is sometimes called a release liner, a release layer or a release coating layer, and preferably a release coating such as a silicone-based release agent, a fluorine-based release agent, an alkyd-based release agent, or a fluorosilicone-based release agent. It can be an effective release layer.
- the surface of the base material may have fine irregularities physically formed, or the base material may be formed of a material that does not easily adhere to the solid silicone material of the present invention.
- a release layer made of a material different from the substrate may be further formed on the substrate, but there may be no further release layer, in which case the release layer is on the surface of the substrate. A part that exhibits peelability.
- the solid layer made of the solid silicone material of the present invention can be obtained by using the same method as described in ⁇ Method for forming a curable organopolysiloxane composition into a film, a sheet, or a thin film>. It can be formed by forming a film on the release layer of the releaseable base material.
- a liquid obtained by uniformly dispersing the curable organopolysiloxane composition of the present invention in an organic solvent such as i-propyl alcohol or methyl isobutyl ketone according to the method described above is applied to a film-like substrate or a sheet-like substrate.
- a solid layer made of a film-like or sheet-like solid silicone material is formed on the release layer of the base material by coating on the release layer, then removing the organic solvent by means such as drying, and curing the curable composition. It is preferable to form in.
- the film thickness of the film-shaped or sheet-shaped solid silicone material can be set to a thickness suitable for the intended use, but when used as a light diffusing material, it is generally in the range of 5 to 2000 ⁇ m as described above. It is preferable to have.
- the thickness is preferably in the range of 5 to 2000 ⁇ m.
- the solid layer made of the solid silicone material of the present invention may be used alone, but it is more preferable that the same or different layers are laminated on the solid layer.
- the other layer in the laminated member is preferably a cured layer formed by curing an organopolysiloxane having a curing-reactive functional group or a solid organopolysiloxane (silicone layer), and is a hydrosilylation reaction.
- a silicone cured layer obtained by curing an organopolysiloxane having a sex group and / or a radical-reactive group a condensed or dealcoholic reactive group in the presence of a catalyst, or an organopolysiloxane having the resin linear structure described above.
- the organopolysiloxane having a curing reactive group may be linear, branched chain, cyclic, or resinous, and two or more types of curing reactions may be used in combination.
- the other silicone layer arranged on the solid layer made of the solid silicone material obtained from the curable composition of the present invention is a cured product based on the organopolysiloxane having the resin linear structure described above. ..
- a phosphor described later is dispersed in the solid organopolysiloxane. It is preferably a silicone layer made of.
- the other layer in the above laminated member may be one or more layers, and may be two or more layers having different functions.
- the thickness of the entire laminated member laminated on the solid layer made of the solid silicone material of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably 5 ⁇ m or more, and from the viewpoint of handling workability, 50 to 50 to It may be 10,000 ⁇ m, and a range of 100 to 1,000 ⁇ m is particularly preferable.
- the solid silicone material obtained by curing the curable composition of the present invention is used as an optical member for a light emitting diode or an organic electroluminescent element, it is laminated on a solid layer made of the solid silicone material of the present invention.
- the one or more layers, particularly the silicone layer different from the solid layer is preferably a phosphor layer containing at least one kind of phosphor.
- a phosphor layer particularly functions as a wavelength conversion material, and when placed on a light source, its emission wavelength can be converted.
- the phosphor is not particularly limited, and oxide-based phosphors, oxynitride-based phosphors, nitride-based phosphors, which are widely used in light emitting diodes (LEDs) or organic electroluminescent elements (OLEDs), Examples thereof include yellow, red, green, and blue light emitting phosphors composed of sulfide-based phosphors, acid sulfide-based phosphors, and the like.
- LEDs light emitting diodes
- OLEDs organic electroluminescent elements
- Examples of the oxynitride-based phosphor include silicon, aluminum, oxygen, and nitrogen-based sialone-based red to green luminescent phosphors containing europium ions.
- the nitride-based phosphor include calcium, strontium, aluminum, silicon, and nitrogen-based cousin-based red-emitting phosphors containing europium ions.
- the sulfide-based phosphor examples include a ZnS-based green color-developing phosphor containing copper ions and aluminum ions.
- the oxysulfide phosphor include europium ion Y 2 O 2 S based red phosphors may be exemplified. In the laminate according to the present invention, two or more of these phosphors may be used in combination.
- a silicone layer different from the solid silicone material layer formed from the cured product of the curable composition of the present invention enhances the mechanical strength of the silicone layer and provides protection or adhesiveness to an adjacent layer.
- a silicone layer containing a reinforcing filler may be used in order to improve the above.
- the silicone layer may be a silicone layer containing a thermally conductive filler or a conductive filler in order to impart thermal conductivity or electrical conductivity.
- the above-mentioned fluorescent material and these fillers may be used in combination, and in order to improve the dispersibility in the silicone layer, the surface of the particulate component of these fluorescent materials may be surfaced with alkoxysilane, organohalosilane, or organo. Surface treatment may be performed using a compound selected from silazane, siloxane oligomer and the like.
- the above-mentioned laminate has a structure in which a solid layer made of a solid silicone material formed from the curable composition of the present invention is arranged on a release layer, and more preferably, a silicone layer different from the solid layer. It is provided with a phosphor layer containing a phosphor or the like.
- a solid layer made of the solid silicone material according to the present invention is arranged on the release layer, a solid layer made of the solid silicone material of the present invention or a laminated member containing the same can be easily obtained from the release layer constituting the laminate. It can be separated, and the separated laminated member can be used as an optical member or the like as itself in the production of another structure.
- the solid layer made of the solid silicone material obtained from the curable composition of the present invention can be placed at the interface with air and placed on the light source of a light emitting diode (LED) or organic electric field emitting element (OLED).
- the solid layer made of the solid silicone material of the present invention can be arranged at the interface with air to improve the light extraction efficiency of the entire laminate including the light source. It is particularly preferable that such a laminate has a phosphor layer containing the same phosphor as described above as a wavelength conversion material for a light source, particularly a silicone layer containing a phosphor.
- the light emitted from the light source is wavelength-converted by the phosphor layer and reaches the solid layer made of the solid silicone material of the present invention arranged at the interface with air, and the solid silicone of the present invention is preferably arranged.
- the solid layer made of the material may be formed so as to cover a part or the whole of the phosphor layer, or may be arranged outside the phosphor layer via a functional layer of another laminate.
- the thickness of the entire laminate is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 ⁇ m or more, and in the case of a light emitting device or the like, it may be 50 to 10,000 ⁇ m excluding the thickness of the light source portion. , 100 to 1,000 ⁇ m is particularly preferable.
- the laminate provided with the light source and the phosphor layer is a light emitting device such as a light emitting diode (LED) or an organic electroluminescent element (OLED), and is a solid composed of the above light source, the phosphor layer, and the solid silicone material of the present invention.
- a light emitting device such as a light emitting diode (LED) or an organic electroluminescent element (OLED)
- OLED organic electroluminescent element
- the method for producing a laminate containing a cured product obtained from the curable organopolysiloxane composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, but includes any of the following steps (i) to (iii).
- the method is preferred.
- the coating method and the like related to the step are not particularly limited, and examples thereof include the methods described in the method for producing a film or sheet-like material formed from a cured product obtained from the curable composition of the present invention described above. .. (I) When the solid silicone material obtained by curing the curable organopolysiloxane composition of the present invention has hot melt properties, the solid silicone material is put into a film or sheet on another structure.
- the solid silicone material obtained by curing the curable composition of the present invention can be handled in the form of a laminate that can be peeled off from the substrate, and is a solid layer made of the solid silicone material of the present invention, or The laminated member containing the same can be easily separated from the release layer of the base material and used.
- the solid layer made of the solid silicone material of the present invention peeled from the release layer or the laminated member containing the solid layer may be used for manufacturing another structure, for example, an optical device or the member thereof by using itself as an optical member or the like. Is preferable. Therefore, as a method for producing a laminate containing the solid silicone material of the present invention, a production method including each of the following steps is particularly preferable.
- the other structure is preferably a precursor of a light emitting device provided with a light receiving sensor, a light source, or the like, and the manufacturing method is a solid made of the solid silicone material of the present invention arranged at an interface with air.
- a method for manufacturing a light emitting device having a layer or a light receiving type sensor is particularly preferable.
- a liquid obtained by dispersing the curable organopolysiloxane composition of the present invention in an organic solvent is applied on the release layer of the release base material in the form of a film or a thin film, and then the organic solvent is removed.
- the curable composition of the present invention contains components A, B, and C, and the curable composition is cured by using 10 mol% or more of all the groups bonded to the silicon atom of component A as an aryl group.
- the hardness and mechanical properties of the resulting solid silicone material can be such that the solid silicone material itself is suitable for use as a bulk material that can be handled alone as a film or sheet material.
- the curable composition of the present invention adheres between the inorganic filler of component B and the matrix material composed of components A and C in the obtained solid silicone material by combining component B with components A and C.
- the curable composition of the present invention is not only used as a bulk material, but also a liquid obtained by dissolving at least a part of the components in a solvent and dispersing an inorganic filler is applied to a base material to remove the solvent. It can also be used as a coating agent on a base material by curing the composition.
- the cured product obtained from the curable composition of the present invention is used as a film or sheet bulk material, its thickness is preferably 50 to 10,000 ⁇ m, and when used as a coating agent, it is a solid after curing.
- the thickness of the coating layer made of a silicone material is preferably 10 to 500 ⁇ m, but is not limited to these thicknesses.
- the curable composition of the present invention is suitable as a material used as an optical member for an optical device.
- Particularly suitable applications for the curable composition of the present invention include a light diffusing material for a light receiving sensor, particularly a light diffusing film or a light diffusing layer material arranged in front of the sensor light receiving portion. ..
- the component B is preferably spherical fused silica particles, spherical molten alumina particles, or a combination thereof.
- the curable composition of the present invention is preferable as an optical member for a light emitting diode (LED) or an organic electroluminescent element (OLED), for example, a material for use as a sealing agent.
- LED light emitting diode
- OLED organic electroluminescent element
- the above-mentioned spherical molten silica particles, spherical molten alumina particles, or a combination thereof may be used as the component B.
- a fluorescent filler when imparting a wavelength conversion function to the cured product, it is preferable to use a fluorescent filler.
- the use of the curable composition of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned uses, and can be used for any use.
- the solid silicone material obtained by curing the curable organopolysiloxane composition of the present invention has a feature that the solid silicone material has high durability in the reflow method soldering step and the solid silicone material is less colored by the same step. ing.
- the organopolysiloxane having the resin linear polymer structure obtained in Synthesis Example 1 may be abbreviated as "RL copolymer”.
- RL copolymer the organopolysiloxane having the resin linear polymer structure obtained in Synthesis Example 1
- Me represents a methyl group
- Ph represents a phenyl group
- Vi represents a vinyl group.
- the ratio (mol%) of the aryl group to the organic group bonded to the silicon atom of the organopolysiloxane is a value determined by 13 C- and 29 Si-NMR.
- a propyl propionate solution (polymer) of an organopolysiloxane (RL copolymer) having a transparent resin linear polymer structure Weight average molecular weight 85600, solid content concentration 71.16%) was obtained.
- organopolysiloxane (RL copolymer) prepared in Synthesis Example 1 about 60 mol% of the organic groups bonded to the silicon atom are phenyl groups.
- the average thickness of the sheet-like cured product in Examples and Comparative Examples was measured using a film thickness meter (DIGIMICRO MFC-101A manufactured by Nikon Corporation).
- additives used in the following examples and comparative examples are as follows.
- the fillers used in the following examples, reference examples, and comparative examples are as follows.
- the following average particle size (d 50 ) is a value measured by the Coulter method or the laser diffraction / scattering method.
- Filler I Denka Co., Ltd.
- Spherical molten silica particles with an average particle size of 3 ⁇ m FB-3SDC Filler II Showa Denko CB-P05 Spherical alumina particles with an average particle size of 5 ⁇ m Filler III Intematix YAG type yellow phosphor with average particle size of 8 ⁇ m NYAG4454-S Filler IV Denka Co., Ltd.
- Spherical molten silica particles with an average particle size of 5 ⁇ m FB-5SDC Filler V Made by Sakai Chemical Co., Ltd.
- Examples 1 to 13, Reference Examples 1 to 3, and Comparative Examples 1 to 9 Resin sheet containing a filler
- a curable organopolysiloxane composition by adding additives and fillers to solution A using the RL copolymer prepared in Synthesis Example 1 described above or solution B described above according to the formulations shown in Tables 1 and 2. was prepared, a resin sheet was prepared from the curable composition according to the method for preparing a cured product described above, and its properties were evaluated by the following method.
- the numerical values described in the columns of materials used in Examples 1 to 13, Reference Examples 1 to 3, and Comparative Examples 1 to 9 shown in Tables 1 and 2 indicate parts by weight of each material used.
- the breaking strength and elongation characteristics at break of the resin sheets prepared in each Example, Reference Example, and Comparative Example were measured as follows.
- a sample with a sample thickness of 1 mm was cut out from a resin sheet using a dumbbell super dumbbell cutter SDK-300-D conforming to JIS K-6251-3 to prepare a measurement sample.
- This measurement sample was measured for breaking strength and elongation at break at a tensile speed of 15 mm / min using an Autograph AGS-X manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation equipped with a 1 kN load cell.
- the fracture surface of the sample whose breaking strength was measured was observed by SEM.
- the fracture surface was observed by SEM using a Hitachi SEMTM4000PLUS Microscope at a magnification of 8000 times.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 SEM photographs of fracture surfaces after measuring the breaking strength of the test samples of Example 2 and Comparative Example 4 are shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
- FIG. 1 SEM photograph of the fracture surface of the sample of Example 2
- FIG. 2 SEM photograph of the fracture surface of the sample of Comparative Example 4
- the test sample of Example 2 shown in FIG. 1 the surface of the filler particles seen in the fracture surface. It was observed that the filler particles were covered with a cured organopolysiloxane polymer, which was amorphous and not smooth.
- Comparative Example 4 shown in FIG.
- the surface of the filler particles seen in the fracture surface was smooth and not covered with the cured organopolysiloxane polymer, and the filler particles and the organopolysiloxane polymer were not covered. It can be seen that peeling occurs at the interface.
- the filler surface and the siloxane matrix cannot form a strong bond, and thus fracture occurs.
- the elongation at time hardly changes as compared with the case where no additive is used, or rather the breaking strength also decreases, and the toughness is inferior to that of the cured product according to the present invention.
- Example 7 contains the additive 1 corresponding to the component C of the present invention, so that the filler and the organopolysiloxane matrix are contained in the obtained cured product. It is strongly bonded and integrated, the matrix is prevented from peeling from the filler interface and the material is prevented from breaking, and the elongation characteristics of the cured product can be improved from 36% to 44% without significantly changing the breaking strength (about 4 MPa). It was.
- Example 8 ⁇ Summary of Reference Example 3, Example 8 and Comparative Example 8>
- the filler and the organopolysiloxane matrix are formed by containing the additive 1 corresponding to the component C of the present invention. It is strongly bonded and integrated, and the matrix is suppressed from peeling from the filler interface to break the material, and the elongation property of the material is about 2% of that of Reference Example 3 without significantly changing the breaking strength (about 10 MPa). Was improved to about 7%.
- Examples 9 to 13 contain the additive 1, 8 or 9 corresponding to the component C of the present invention.
- the filler and the organopolysiloxane matrix are strongly bonded and integrated, and the matrix is prevented from peeling off from the filler interface to break the material, and the breaking strength of the material is not changed so much (about 17 to 18 MPa).
- the elongation characteristics could be improved from 3.7% in Reference Example 4 to about 5 to 7%.
- Comparative Example 9 in which vinyltrimethoxysilane having a structure different from that of component C was used as an additive, the filler surface and the organopolysiloxane matrix formed a bond because the carbon chain of the reactive group on the silicon atom was short. Rather, vinyltrimethoxysilane blocks the terminal functional groups of the organopolysiloxane matrix polymer, resulting in insufficient cross-linking between the organopolysiloxane molecules, which reduces the breaking strength of the material and makes it softer. It is presumed that the material is stretched, and as a result, the originally intended hardness of the material cannot be achieved.
- the transmittance of the sheet made of the material having the composition of Reference Example 1 was reduced by about 2% due to the peeling of the organopolysiloxane matrix from the filler surface. While it was observed at a wavelength of about 500 nm or less, no particular decrease in transmittance was observed in the sheet made of the material having the composition of Example 1. From this result, it can be seen that the use of component C as an additive in addition to the components A and B used in the present invention is an effective means for improving not only mechanical impact due to tension or the like but also thermal impact. ..
- the light transmission scattering measurement of the film sample prepared by the above method was measured using Genesia Gonio / Far Filed Profiler manufactured by Genesia, and the light incident perpendicularly to the measurement sample surface using the bidirectional transmittance distribution function of 45 degrees.
- the transmitted light intensity that is, the linear transmitted light intensity is 1
- the light receiving intensity at the position where the light receiving unit is tilted 45 degrees with respect to the incident light axis with respect to the measurement sample is 0.65 or more.
- a good light diffusing material (results are shown by ⁇ in Table 3), and a case where the light receiving intensity was less than 0.65 is indicated by x.
- the visible ultraviolet spectroscopic characteristics of the film sample described above were measured by attaching a 150 mm ⁇ integrating sphere unit to a V770 ultraviolet-visible near-infrared spectrophotometer manufactured by JASCO Corporation. Those with a light transmittance in the range of 380 to 720 nm higher than 40% are good (the results are shown by ⁇ in Table 3), and those with a light transmittance of less than 40% are poor (the results are shown by x in Table 3). ).
- the heat resistance of the above-mentioned film sample was determined by heating the sample between 160 and 200 ° C. for 3 minutes using a Malcolm reflow device RDT-250C, then rapidly heating the sample and holding it at 260 ° C. or higher for 10 seconds. Cooled. After repeating this operation three times, the light transmittance of the sample is measured by the method described above, and those having a decrease in transmittance of less than 2% in the visible light region (380-740 nm) are good heat resistance. (The results are shown by ⁇ in Table 3).
- Example 14 ⁇ Summary of Reference Example 5 and Examples 14 to 22>
- good light diffusing films having a thickness of 100 and 40 ⁇ m could be prepared, respectively.
- Reference Example 5 did not contain a predetermined filler and had poor diffusibility.
- Examples 16 to 22 good light transmission and light diffusivity were exhibited in various filler types and amounts used. Among these, in Example 21, when a small amount of titanium oxide (filler V), which is a diffusely reflective particle, was added, in Example 16, the bidirectional transmittance distribution intensity ratio at 45 degrees was 0.66. In Example 21, it was further improved to 0.68.
- iller V titanium oxide
- the cured product obtained from the curable organopolysiloxane composition of the present invention has excellent light transmittance, light diffusivity, and mechanical properties, and is useful as a light diffusing material. Understand.
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Abstract
Description
A)分子内に少なくとも2個のラジカル反応性基及び/又はヒドロシリル化反応によって架橋可能な反応性基を有し、かつ、分子内のケイ素原子に結合した有機基全体の10モル%以上がアリール基である、オルガノポリシロキサン;
B)1種以上の無機フィラー;並びに
C)成分Aと異なる有機ケイ素化合物であって、以下のC1及びC2:
C1)分子内に、成分Aが有する反応性基と結合しうる反応性官能基と、加水分解性シリル基及び/又はケイ素原子結合ヒドロキシル基とを有し、かつ分子中のケイ素原子数が2以上である、成分Aとは異なる有機ケイ素化合物、
C2)分子内に、成分Aが有する反応性基と結合しうる炭素数3以上を有する反応性官能基と、加水分解性シリル基及び/又はケイ素原子結合ヒドロキシル基とを有し、かつ分子中のケイ素原子数が1以上である、成分Aとは異なる有機ケイ素化合物、
からなる群から選択される1種類以上の化合物、
を含有してなり、組成物全体の質量に対して、成分Bの質量が30~95%であることを特徴とする。
ここで、ケイ素原子に結合した有機基(ケイ素原子結合有機基)とは、ポリオルガノシロキサンを構成するケイ素原子に結合した、ラジカル反応性基、ヒドロシリル化反応性基、その他の一価炭化水素基及びアルコキシ基などの有機基をいう。なお、A)成分には、極少量のケイ素原子に結合したヒドロキシル基またはケイ素原子に結合した水素原子を含みうるが、その影響は軽微であるので、本発明の技術的効果を実現する上で必要なアリール基の含有量は、A)成分中のケイ素に結合した有機基に占めるアリール基の割合(含有率)のみを考慮することで特定することができるものである。
成分Aは、下記の成分A1及び成分A2からなる群から選ばれる1種類以上のオルガノポリシロキサンであることが好ましい。
A1)分子内に少なくとも2個のラジカル反応性基及び/又はヒドロシリル化反応によって架橋可能な反応性基を有し、かつ、分子内のケイ素原子結合有機基の10モル%以上がアリール基である、直鎖状又は分岐鎖状のオルガノポリシロキサン;
A2)i)R1SiO3/2単位(式中、R1は一価有機基、ヒドロキシル基、及び炭素数1~6のアルコキシ基からなる群から選択される基を表す)を有し、かつ任意選択により場合によってさらにSiO4/2単位を有していてもよいレジン構造ブロック、及び
ii)(R2 2SiO2/2)n(式中、R2は独立に、ハロゲン原子で置換されていてもよい炭素数1~20のアルキル基又は炭素数6~14の置換又は非置換のアリール基を表し、nは3~1000の範囲の数を表す)で表される直鎖状ジオルガノポリシロキサン構造部分を含んでなる直鎖状又は分岐状オルガノポリシロキサン構造ブロック
を含んでなり、R1及びR2の少なくとも一部がラジカル反応及び/又はヒドロシリル化反応によって架橋可能な反応性基であり、かつR1及びR2基の合計のモル数(ただし、ヒドロキシル基を除く)に占める炭素数6~14のアリール基の割合が10モル%以上である、オルガノポリシロキサン。
(RaRb 2SiO)p-K-(SiRb 2-Y-Si(Rb)q(ORc)3-q)r
(式中、Raは成分Aの反応性基と結合しうる反応性基を表し;Rbは独立に、一価炭化水素基、ハロゲン化炭化水素基、及びシアノアルキル基からなる群から選択される基を表し;Rcは独立に、水素原子、炭素数1~10のアルキル基、及び合計炭素数2~10のアルコキシアルキル基からなる群から選択される基からなる群から選択される基を表し;Kは平均組成式(Rb 3SiO1/2)s(Rb 2SiO2/2)t(RbSiO3/2)u(SiO4/2)v(ORc)w(式中、Rb及びRcは上で定義したとおりであり、s、t、u、v、及びwはそれぞれ各単位の数を表し、t、u、及びvの全てが0でないことを条件としてそれぞれ0~500の数を表し、但し、s+wの値はu+2v以下である)で表される、直鎖状もしくは分岐状オルガノポリシロキサン鎖又はシリコーンレジン構造ブロックを表し;Yは酸素原子、二価炭化水素基、又は一般式:
で表される、有機ケイ素化合物である。
{式中、Raは成分Aの反応性基と結合しうる反応性基を表し;Rbは一価炭化水素基、ハロゲン化炭化水素基、及びシアノアルキル基からなる群から選択される基を表し;Rcは水素原子、炭素数1~10のアルキル基、及び合計炭素数2~10のアルコキシアルキル基からなる群から選択される基を表し;mは0~500の範囲の数であり、aは0、1または2であり、Yは酸素原子、二価炭化水素基、又は一般式:
(式中、Rbは上で定義したとおりであり、Zは二価炭化水素基である)で示される基である}
で表される、有機ケイ素化合物である。
成分Aは分子内に少なくとも2個のラジカル反応性基及び/又はヒドロシリル化反応性基を有し、かつ、分子内のケイ素原子に結合した有機基(ケイ素原子結合有機基)の10モル%以上がアリール基、特に好ましくはフェニル基である1種のオルガノポリシロキサン、又は2種以上のオルガノポリシロキサンの組み合わせであってよい。成分Aとして用いることができるオルガノポリシロキサンとして例えば以下のものを挙げることができる。
(Aa)分子内に、1種類又は2種類以上のラジカル反応性基を2個以上有するオルガノポリシロキサン、
(Ab)分子内に、1種類又は2種類以上のヒドロシリル化反応性の炭素-炭素二重結合を2個以上有する基を有するオルガノポリシロキサン、及び
(Ac)分子内に、ヒドロシリル化反応性のケイ素結合水素原子(SiH)を2個以上有するオルガノポリシロキサン。
また、Aa~Acは、上述した反応性基に加えて、任意選択により、縮合反応性基をさらに含んでいてもよい。ここで縮合反応性基とは、縮合反応、場合により加水分解及び縮合反応によってSi-O-Si結合を形成できる基をいう。
成分Aaは、分子内に、1種類又は2種類以上のラジカル反応性基を2個以上有するオルガノポリシロキサンである。成分Aaが有するラジカル反応性基は、熱又は光ラジカル開始剤の存在下及び/又は高エネルギー線、例えば紫外線、電子線の照射下で、所望により架橋剤の存在下において、フリーラジカル機構によって互いに架橋しうる官能基である。ラジカル反応性基として、例えば、炭素-炭素二級結合を含む基が挙げられ、さらに具体的には、アルケニル基、アクリレート及びメタクリレート基などの不飽和カルボキシレート基などが挙げられる。成分Aaが有するラジカル反応性基は1種であっても、2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。ラジカル反応性基を2種以上組み合わせて用いる場合には、1つの分子が2種以上のラジカル反応性基を有していても、それぞれが異なるラジカル反応性基を有する別のオルガノポリシロキサンを2つ以上組み合わせて用いることもできる。
成分Aaは、任意選択により、ラジカル反応性基に加えて、縮合反応性基を有していてもよい。縮合反応性基としては、縮合反応によってSi-O-Si結合を形成できる基であれば特に限定されないが、例えば、ヒドロキシル基、アルコキシ基から選ばれる縮合反応性基が挙げられる。
R11 a1R12 b1SiO(4-a1―b1)/2 (1)
で表されるオルガノポリシロキサン、またはその2種以上の混合物であってよい。
式中、R11は、ラジカル反応性基、好ましくは炭素-炭素二重結合を含むラジカル反応性基である。
R12は、ラジカル反応性炭素-炭素二重結合を有しない置換又は非置換の一価炭化水素基、ヒドロキシル基、及びアルコキシ基から選ばれる基であり、但し、R12の少なくとも一部は置換又は非置換のアリール基であって、そのアリール基の割合は、R11及びR12の合計のモル数(ただし、ヒドロキシル基を除く)の10モル%以上、好ましくは20モル%以上であることを条件とする。アルコキシ基は炭素数1~6のアルコキシ基が好ましい。
a1及びb1は次の条件:1≦a1+b1≦3及び0.001≦a1/(a1+b1)≦0.33を満たす数である。さらに、a1及びb1は次の条件:1.5≦a1+b1≦2.5及び0.005≦a1/(a1+b1)≦0.2を満たす数であることが好ましい。これは、a1+b1を上記範囲の下限以上にすることにより、得られる硬化物の柔軟性を高くでき、一方、a1+b1を上記範囲の上限以下にすることにより、得られる硬化物の機械強度を高くできるからである。また、a1/(a1+b1)を上記範囲の下限以上にすることにより、硬化物の機械強度を高くできるからであり、一方、a1/(a1+b1)を上記範囲の上限以下にすることにより、得られる硬化物の柔軟性を高くできるからである。
成分Aaが有するラジカル反応性基R11としては、ビニル基、アリル基、ヘキセニル基、アクリル含有基、及びメタクリル含有基から選択される基が好ましい。成分Aaが有する一価炭化水素基としては、メチル基及びアリール基であるフェニル基から選択される基であることが特に好ましい。
(Aa-1)分子鎖末端のみにラジカル反応性基を有する直鎖状又は分岐鎖状のオルガノポリシロキサン、及び、任意により場合によっては
(Aa-2)分子内に少なくとも1つの分岐シロキサン単位を有し、かつ、ラジカル反応性基の含有量が、0.01~7.00質量%の範囲内にあるラジカル反応性基含有オルガノポリシロキサン樹脂
を含むものである。
(Rad)R21 2SiO1/2
(式中、Radはラジカル反応性基を表し上記平均組成式(1)のR11に対応し、R21は上記平均組成式(1)のR12に対応する)で表されるシロキサン単位を有し、その他のシロキサン単位が実質的にR22 2SiO2/2で表されるシロキサン単位のみからなる直鎖状又はさらに1つ以上のT単位及び/又はQ単位を含む分岐鎖状のオルガノポリシロキサンである。R22は上述した平均組成式(1)のR12と同じ意味を有する。また、成分(Aa-1)のシロキサン重合度は、末端シロキサン単位を含めて、7~1002の範囲である。このような成分(Aa-1)は特に好適には、分子鎖の両末端が(Rad)R21 2SiO1/2で表されるシロキサン単位で封鎖された、直鎖状のオルガノポリシロキサンである。
(R31SiO3/2)o1(R31 2SiO2/2)p1(R31 3SiO1/2)q1(SiO4/2)r1(XO1/2)s1 (2)
で表されるラジカル反応性基含有オルガノポリシロキサン樹脂が挙げられる。
上の平均単位式(2)中、R31は、独立に、上記成分Aaの平均組成式(1)中のR11で表されるラジカル反応性基、及びR12で表されるラジカル反応性炭素-炭素二重結合を有しない置換又は非置換の一価炭化水素基、ヒドロキシル基、並びにアルコキシ基からなる群から選ばれる基を表す。アルコキシ基は炭素数1~6のアルコキシ基が好ましい。また、Xは水素原子または炭素原子数1~3のアルキル基である。ただし、全てのR31のうち、少なくとも、当該オルガノポリシロキサン樹脂中のラジカル反応性基の含有量が、0.01~7.00質量%、好ましくは、0.05~6.00質量%の範囲を満たす範囲においてR31はラジカル反応性基であり、特に、R31 3SiO1/2で表されるシロキサン単位上のR31の少なくとも一部はラジカル反応性基であることが好ましい。
((Rad)R31 2SiO1/2)q11(R31 3SiO1/2)q21(SiO4/2)r11 (3)
(式中、Radはラジカル反応性基を表し上記平均組成式(1)のR11と同じ意味を有し、R31は上記平均組成式(1)のR12と同じ意味を有し、q11+q21+r1は50~500の範囲の数であり、(q11+q21)/r11は0.1~2.0の範囲の数であり、q11は当該オルガノポリシロキサン樹脂中のラジカル反応性基の含有量が、0.01~7.00質量%、好ましくは0.05~6.00質量%の範囲を満たす範囲の数である)
で表されるラジカル反応性基含有MQオルガノポリシロキサン樹脂が例示される。
成分Abは、分子内に、1種類又は2種類以上のヒドロシリル化反応性の炭素-炭素二重結合を有する基を2個以上有し、かつ分子内のケイ素原子結合有機基の10モル%以上がアリール基、好ましくはフェニル基であるオルガノポリシロキサンである。成分Abが有するヒドロシリル化反応性の基としては、SiH基と反応してC-Si結合を形成することができる基であればよく、特定のものに限定されないが、以下で説明するように、例えば、炭素-炭素二重結合を含む一価炭化水素基が挙げられ、さらに具体的には、アルケニル基、特に末端に炭素-炭素二重結合を有するアルケニル基が挙げられる。成分Abが有するヒドロシリル化反応性基は1種であっても、2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。ヒドロシリル化反応性基を2種以上組み合わせて用いる場合には、1つの分子が2種以上のヒドロシリル化反応性基を有していても、それぞれが異なるヒドロシリル化反応性基を有する別のオルガノポリシロキサンを2つ以上組み合わせて用いることもできる。
成分Abは、任意選択により、ヒドロシリル化反応性基に加えて、縮合反応性基を有していてもよい。縮合反応性基としては、縮合反応によってSi-O-Si結合を形成できる基であれば特に限定されないが、例えば、ヒドロキシル基及びアルコキシ基から選ばれる縮合反応性基が挙げられる。アルコキシ基は炭素数1~6のアルコキシ基が好ましい。
R41 a4R42 b4SiO(4-a4―b4)/2 (4)
で表されるオルガノポリシロキサン、またはその2種以上の混合物であってよい。
式中、R41は、ヒドロシリル化反応性基、好ましくは炭素-炭素二重結合を有する一価炭化水素基であり、好ましくはアルケニル基である。
R42は、ヒドロシリル化反応性基以外の置換又は非置換の一価炭化水素基、ヒドロキシル基、及びアルコキシ基から選ばれる基であり、但し、R42の少なくとも一部は置換又は非置換のアリール基であって、そのアリール基の割合は、R41及びR42の合計のモル数(ただし、ヒドロキシル基を除く)の10モル%以上であることを条件とする。
a4及びb4は次の条件:1≦a4+b4≦3及び0.001≦a4/(a4+b4)≦0.33を満たす数である。さらに、a4及びb4は次の条件:1.5≦a4+b4≦2.5及び0.005≦a4/(a4+b4)≦0.2を満たす数であることが好ましい。これは、a4+b4を上記範囲の下限以上にすることにより、得られる硬化物の柔軟性を高くでき、一方、a4+b4を上記範囲の上限以下にすることにより、得られる硬化物の機械強度を高くできるからである。また、a4/(a4+b4)を上記範囲の下限以上にすることにより、硬化物の機械強度を高くできるからであり、一方、a4/(a4+b4)を上記範囲の上限以下にすることにより、得られる硬化物の柔軟性を高くできるからである。
成分Abが有するヒドロシリル化反応性基R41としては、ビニル基、アリル基、及びヘキセニル基から選択される基、特にビニル基であることが好ましい。成分Abが有するヒドロシリル化反応性基以外の一価炭化水素基としては、メチル基及びアリール基としてのフェニル基から選択される基であることが特に好ましい。
(Ab-1)分子鎖末端のみにアルケニル基を有する直鎖状又は分岐鎖状のオルガノポリシロキサン、及び、任意選択により場合によっては
(Ab-2)分子内に少なくとも1つの分岐シロキサン単位を有し、ビニル(CH2=CH-)基の含有量が0.01~7.00質量%の範囲内にあるアルケニル基含有オルガノポリシロキサン樹脂
を含むものである。
(Alk)R42 2SiO1/2
(式中、Alkは炭素原子数2以上のアルケニル基であって上記平均組成式(4)のR41に対応し、R42は上記平均組成式(4)のR42に対応する)で表されるシロキサン単位を有し、その他のシロキサン単位が実質的にR42 2SiO2/2で表されるシロキサン単位のみからなる直鎖状又はさらに1つ以上のT及び/又はQ単位を含む分岐鎖状のオルガノポリシロキサンである。また、成分(Ab-1)のシロキサン重合度は、末端シロキサン単位を含めて、7~1002の範囲である。このような成分(Ab-1)は特に好適には、分子鎖の両末端が(Alk)R42 2SiO1/2で表されるシロキサン単位で封鎖された、直鎖状のオルガノポリシロキサンである。
(R51SiO3/2)o2(R51 2SiO2/2)p2(R51 3SiO1/2)q2(SiO4/2)r2(XO1/2)s2 (5)
で表されるアルケニル基含有オルガノポリシロキサン樹脂が例示される。
上の平均単位式(5)中、R51は、独立に、上記成分Abの平均組成式(4)のR41及びR42で表される基として規定する、ヒドロシリル化反応性基であるアルケニル基及びヒドロシリル化反応性基以外の一価炭化水素基、ヒドロキシル基、及びアルコキシ基から選ばれる基であり、Xは水素原子または炭素原子数1~3のアルキル基である。アルコキシ基は炭素数1~6のアルコキシ基が好ましい。ただし、全てのR51のうち、少なくとも、当該オルガノポリシロキサン樹脂中のビニル(CH2=CH-)基の含有量が、0.01~7.00質量%、好ましくは0.05~6.00質量%の範囲を満たす範囲においてR51はアルケニル基であり、特に、R51 3SiO1/2で表されるシロキサン単位上のR51の少なくとも一部はアルケニル基であることが好ましい。
((Alk)R51 2SiO1/2)q21(R51 3SiO1/2)q22(SiO4/2)r2 (6)
(式中、Alkは炭素原子数2以上のアルケニル基であり、R51は上記平均式(5)に規定するヒドロシリル化反応性基以外の基であり、q21+q22+r2は50~500の範囲の数であり、(q21+q22)/r2は0.1~2.0の範囲の数であり、q21は当該オルガノポリシロキサン樹脂中のビニル(CH2=CH-)基の含有量が、0.01~7.00質量%、好ましくは0.05~6.00質量%の範囲を満たす範囲の数である)
で表されるアルケニル基含有MQオルガノポリシロキサン樹脂が例示される。
この場合の成分Aa及び/又はAbは、
i)R61SiO3/2単位(式中、R61は独立に、ラジカル反応性基、ヒドロシリル化反応性基、ラジカル反応性基及びヒドロシリル化反応性基以外の一価有機基、ヒドロキシル基、及び炭素数1~6のアルコキシ基からなる群から選択される基を表す)を有し、かつ任意選択により場合によってさらにSiO4/2単位を有していてもよいレジン構造ブロック、及び
ii)(R62 2SiO2/2)n(式中、R62は独立に、ラジカル反応性基、ヒドロシリル化反応性基、ハロゲン原子で置換されていてもよい炭素数1~20のアルキル基、及び炭素数6~14の置換又は非置換のアリール基から選択される基を表し、nは3~1000の範囲の数、好ましくは20~300を表す)で表される直鎖状ジオルガノポリシロキサン構造部分を含んでなる直鎖状又は分岐状オルガノポリシロキサン構造ブロックを含んでなり、R61及びR62の少なくとも一部がラジカル反応性基及び/又はヒドロシリル化反応性基であり、かつR61及びR62基の合計のモル数(ただし、ヒドロキシル基および水素原子を除く)に占める炭素数6~14のアリール基の割合が10モル%以上、好ましくは20モル%以上、より好ましくは、20~70モル%の範囲である、オルガノポリシロキサンである。このようなレジン構造ブロックと直鎖状構造部分を含む直鎖状又は分岐状ブロック(リニア構造ブロック)を有する構造を本明細書ではレジン・リニア構造という。
R61及びR62が表しうるヒドロシリル化反応性基は、上述した成分Abの平均組成式(4)のR41が表すヒドロシリル化反応性基として記載したものから独立に選択される基が挙げられる。R61及びR62が表すヒドロシリル化反応性基は、ビニル基、アリル基、及びヘキセニル基から選択される基、特にビニル基であることが好ましい。
R62が表しうる、炭素数6~14の置換又は非置換のアリール基から選択される基の例としては、フェニル基、トリル基、キシリル基、ナフチル基、アントラセニル基、フェナントリル基、及びピレニル基、並びにこれらの基に結合している水素原子の一部又は全部をフッ素原子、塩素原子、又は臭素原子等のハロゲン原子で置換した基を挙げることができる。アリール基としてはフェニル基が特に好ましい。
{(R71 2SiO2/2)}a{RArSiO3/2}b{RReSiO3/2}1-a-b
で表されるオルガノポリシロキサンであることが好ましい。式中、R71及びRArは上述したとおりであり、RReはラジカル反応性基及び/又はヒドロシリル化反応性基を表す。ラジカル反応性基及びヒドロシリル化反応性基はそれぞれ先にR11及びR41が表す基として規定したとおりである。aは0.8~0.2の範囲の数であり、より好適には、0.80~0.40の範囲の数である。bは0.2~0.6の範囲の数である。
成分Acは、分子内に平均してヒドロシリル化反応性のケイ素結合水素原子(SiH)を2個以上有するオルガノハイドロジェンポリシロキサンである。この成分Acは、SiH基とヒドロシリル化反応しうる基を1分子当たり平均して2個以上有するオルガノポリシロキサン(成分Ab)と組み合わせて用いて、ヒドロシリル化反応硬化性の組成物を得るための成分である。成分Acは成分Abの架橋剤として機能する成分である。
(Ac-1)分子鎖末端のみにケイ素結合水素原子を有する直鎖状又は分岐鎖状のオルガノハイドロジェンポリシロキサン、及び、任意選択により場合によっては
(Ac-2)分子内に少なくとも3個のケイ素結合水素原子を有する直鎖状又は樹脂状のオルガノハイドロジェンポリシロキサン
を含むものである。
HMe2SiO(Ph2SiO)m1SiMe2H
HMe2SiO(Me2SiO)m1SiMe2H
HMePhSiO(Ph2SiO)m1SiMePhH
HMePhSiO(Me2SiO)m1SiMePhH
HMePhSiO(Ph2SiO)m1(MePhSiO)n1SiMePhH
HMePhSiO(Ph2SiO)m1(Me2SiO)n1SiMePhH
上式中、Me、Phは、それぞれ、メチル基、フェニル基を示し、m1は1~100の数であり、n1は1~50の数である。
MHMQ型、MHQ型、MHMT型、MHT型、MHMQT型、MHQT型、MHMDQ型、MHMDDHQ型、MHDQ型、MHDDHQ型、MHMDT型、MHMDDHT型、MHDT型、MHDDHT型、MHMDQT型、MHMDDHQT型、MHDQT型、MHDDHQT型から選ばれる1種類以上のオルガノハイドロジェンポリシロキサン樹脂が例示される。
なお、上記式中、R3はメチル基またはフェニル基である。
成分Bは、光拡散特性又は波長変換等の光学的機能を本願発明の硬化性組成物から得られる硬化物に付与する無機フィラーである。無機フィラーとしては、本発明のオルガノポリシロキサンと組み合わせたときに光拡散性効果又は波長変換等の効果が得られるものであればよく、そのような効果が得られる限り特定の無機フィラーに限定されない。本発明の硬化性組成物に用いるフィラーとしては、球状シリカ粒子、球状アルミナ粒子、及び蛍光フィラーからなる群から選択される1種又は2種以上の組み合わせを用いることが好ましい。無機フィラーは、本発明の硬化性オルガノポリシロキサン組成物の全質量に対して30~95質量%の量で用いることによって、優れた光学的効果とともに、バランスの良い機械物性を有する硬化物を得ることができる。無機フィラーの量は、組成物の全質量の好ましくは、40~95質量%であり、特に好ましくは50~92.5質量%である。
シリカ粒子には、不定形な形状のものと球状のものが知られている。本発明の硬化性オルガノポリシロキサン組成物から得られる硬化物の光拡散特性を向上させることができる限り、どのような形状の粒子を用いてもよいが、本発明の硬化性組成物には球状シリカ粒子を用いることが好ましい。球状シリカ粒子として特に好ましいものは、溶融法によって球状化された球状溶融シリカ粒子、例えば粉砕した微細粉末シリカを火炎中で溶融して球状化させた球状溶融シリカ粒子であり、市販されているものを用いることができる。本発明において用いる場合、平均粒径が、例えばコールター法またはレーザー回折散乱法によって測定して1~10μm、特に2~5μm(d50)である球状シリカ粒子、特に球状溶融シリカ粒子を用いることが好ましい。
本発明の硬化性オルガノポリシロキサン組成物から得られる硬化物の光拡散特性を向上させることができる限り、どのような形状の粒子を用いてもよいが、本発明に用いるアルミナ粒子は球状のものが好ましい。球状アルミナ粒子として特に好ましいものは、例えば、粉砕した微細粉末アルミナ粒子を火炎中で溶融して球状化させた溶融法によって球状化された球状溶融アルミナ粒子であり、市販されているものを用いることができる。本発明において用いる場合、平均粒径が、例えばコールター法またはレーザー回折散乱法によって測定して1~10μm、特に2~5μm(d50)である球状アルミナ粒子、特に球状溶融アルミナ粒子を用いることが好ましい。
本発明の成分Bとして用いる無機フィラーとして、蛍光フィラー(蛍光体)を用いることも好ましい。本発明の硬化性組成物から得られる、蛍光フィラーを含むフィルムもしくはシート又はコーティング層は、波長変換材料としても機能するものであり、光源上に配置した場合、光源からの光の波長を変換することができる。また、蛍光フィラーを用いることによって光拡散特性を付与することもできる。当該蛍光体としては、特に制限はなく、発光ダイオード(LED)または有機電界発光素子(OLED)に広く利用されている、酸化物系蛍光体、酸窒化物系蛍光体、窒化物系蛍光体、硫化物系蛍光体、酸硫化物系蛍光体等からなる黄色、赤色、緑色、および青色発光蛍光体が例示される。酸化物系蛍光体としては、セリウムイオンを包含するイットリウム、アルミニウム、ガーネット系のYAG系緑色~黄色発光蛍光体;セリウムイオンを包含するテルビウム、アルミニウム、ガーネット系のTAG系黄色発光蛍光体;セリウムやユーロピウムイオンを包含するシリケート系緑色~黄色発光蛍光体が例示される。また、酸窒化物系蛍光体としては、ユーロピウムイオンを包含するケイ素、アルミニウム、酸素、窒素系のサイアロン系赤色~緑色発光蛍光体が例示される。窒化物系蛍光体としては、ユーロピウムイオンを包含するカルシウム、ストロンチウム、アルミニウム、ケイ素、窒素系のカズン系赤色発光蛍光体が例示される。硫化物系蛍光体としては、銅イオンやアルミニウムイオンを包含するZnS系緑色発色蛍光体が例示される。酸硫化物系蛍光体としては、ユーロピウムイオンを包含するY2O2S系赤色発光蛍光体が例示される。本発明の硬化性オルガノポリシロキサン組成物には、これらの蛍光体を1種、又は2種以上組み合わせて用いることができる。蛍光体についても市販されているものを用いることができる。
成分Cは、成分Aと異なる有機ケイ素化合物であって、以下のC1及びC2:
C1)分子内に、成分Aが有する反応性基と結合しうる反応性官能基と、加水分解性シリル基及び/又はケイ素原子結合ヒドロキシル基とを有し、かつ分子中のケイ素原子数が2以上である、成分Aとは異なる有機ケイ素化合物、
C2)分子内に、成分Aが有する反応性基と結合しうる炭素数3以上を有する反応性官能基と、加水分解性シリル基及び/又はケイ素原子結合ヒドロキシル基とを有し、かつ分子中のケイ素原子数が1以上である、成分Aとは異なる有機ケイ素化合物、
からなる群から選択される1種類以上の化合物である。
成分A及び成分Bに成分Cを組み合わせることによって、本発明の硬化性組成物から得られる硬化物の物性、例えば破断強度、特に硬度を維持したまま、破断伸びを有意に向上させることができる。具体的には、成分Cを含まないほかは成分が同じ硬化性オルガノポリシロキサン組成物と比べて、成分Cを含む場合には、10%以上、好適には20%以上の破断伸びの値の向上が期待できる。さらに、破断伸びが改善された結果、硬化物の高温耐久性、特に耐熱衝撃性が改善され、急激な温度変化(ヒートショック)に対して、硬化物の変形やクラック、部材からの剥落等を防止できる利点がある。
(RaRb 2SiO)p-K-(SiRb 2-Y-Si(Rb)q(ORc)3-q)r (7)
で表される有機ケイ素化合物であることが好ましい。この化合物は上述したC1の化合物の例であり、また、Raが3以上の炭素原子を含むラジカル反応性基又はヒドロシリル化反応性基である場合には上述したC2の化合物の例でもある。
Raは成分Aが有するラジカル反応性基及び/又はヒドロシリル化反応性基と結合しうる反応性基を表す。成分Aがラジカル反応性基を有する場合、Raもそのラジカル反応性基と反応しうるラジカル反応性基であることが好ましい。例えば、Raは、ビニル基、アリル基、ブテニル基、ペンテニル基、ヘキセニル基、ヘプテニル基、オクテニル基、ノネニル基、デセニル基、ウンデセニル基、ドデセニル基等の炭素数2~20のアルケニル基;3-アクリロキシプロピル基、4-アクリロキシブチル基等のアクリル含有基;3-メタクリロキシプロピル基、4-メタクリロキシブチル基等のメタクリル含有基から選ばれる基であってよい。その他にも、成分Aが有するラジカル反応性基が、アルケニル基、アクリル含有基又はメタクリル含有基である場合、成分Cが有する反応性基として、例えば、メルカプト基を挙げることができる。成分Aがヒドロシリル化反応性基を有する場合には、Raも成分Aが有するヒドロシリル化反応性基と結合を形成しうる基であってよく、例えば、ビニル基、アリル基、ブテニル基、ペンテニル基、ヘキセニル基、ヘプテニル基、オクテニル基、ノネニル基、デセニル基、ウンデセニル基、及びドデセニル基等の炭素数2~20のアルケニル基から選択される基、好ましくはビニル基であるか、又はケイ素結合水素原子であることができる。
Rbは独立に、一価炭化水素基、ハロゲン化炭化水素基、及びシアノアルキル基からなる群から選択される基を表す。Rbとしては、例えば、メチル基、エチル基、プロピル基、ブチル基、オクチル基などの炭素原子数1~10のアルキル基;シクロペンチル基、シクロヘキシル基などのシクロアルキル基;フェニル基、トリル基、ナフチル基などの置換又は非置換アリール基;ベンジル基、フェニルエチル基、フェニルプロピル基などのアラルキル基;トリフルオロプロピル基、クロロプロピル基などのハロゲン化炭化水素基;β-シアノエチル基、γ-シアノプロピル基などのシアノアルキル基が挙げられる。Rbは独立にメチル基又はフェニル基であることが好ましく、メチル基であることが特に好ましい。
Rcは独立に、水素原子、炭素数1~10のアルキル基、及び合計炭素数2~10のアルコキシアルキル基からなる群から選択される基である。アルキル基の例としては、メチル基、エチル基、プロピル基、ブチル基、ヘキシル基、及びオクチル基などが挙げられる。またアルコキシアルキル基の例としては、メトキシメチル基、メトキシエチル基、エトキシエチル基などが挙げられる。Rcは、独立に、水素原子、メチル基、又はエチル基であることが好ましい。
式中、Rb及びRcは式(7)について定義したとおりである。
s、t、u、v、及びwはそれぞれ各単位の数を表し、t、u、及びvの全てが0でないことを条件としてそれぞれ0~500の数を表し、但し、s+wの値はu+2v以下である)で表される、直鎖状もしくは分岐状オルガノポリシロキサン鎖又はシリコーンレジン構造ブロックを表す。
(式中、Rbは上で定義したとおりであり、Zは二価炭化水素基である)で示される基である)を表す。
Zが表す二価炭化水素基は、独立に、炭素数1~10のアルキレン基であることが好ましく、特に、メチレン基、エチレン基、プロピレン基、ブチレン基、及びヘキシレン基から選択されることが好ましい。
RaRb 2SiO-SiRb 2-Y-Si(Rb)q(ORc)3-q (9)
で表される。
式(9)中、Ra、Rb、Rc、Y、及びqは式(7)に対して定義したとおりである。
で表される有機ケイ素化合物であることが好ましい。
式(10)中、Ra、Rb、Rc、及びYは式(7)で定義したとおりである。Raは特にビニル基又は水素原子であることが好ましい。Rbはメチル基、エチル基、プロピル基、ブチル基、オクチル基などの炭素数1~10のアルキル基であることが好ましく、メチル基であることが特に好ましい。
式(10)中、mは0~500の範囲の数であり、特にmはこの化合物の25℃における粘度が20~1,000,000mPa・sとなる数であることが好ましい。式(10)の化合物が分子構造の異なる化合物、例えばmの平均値の異なる2種以上の化合物の混合物である場合は、mの値は混合物の粘度が上述した粘度となるような値であることが好ましい。
式(10)中、Yは式(7)について定義したとおりである。aは0、1、又は2であり、aは0又は1であることが好ましく、0であることが特に好ましい。
Vi(CH3)2Si-(OSi(CH3)2)n-OSi(OCH3)3
で表され、式中、Viはビニル基を表し、nは1~50、好ましくは2~30、さらに好ましくは3~25である。
なお、この有機ケイ素化合物は、低分子量のシロキサンオリゴマー(オクタメチルテロラシロキサン(D4)、デカメチルペンタシロキサン(D5))の含有量が低いか、又はこれらを実質的に含まないことが好ましい。
Ra(Me)2Si-(OSiMe2)n-Si(OMe)3 (11)
式(11)中、Raはラジカル反応性又はヒドロシリル化反応性官能基であり、Meはメチル基、nは1から100、好ましくは2~50、特に好ましくは3~30の数を表す。なお、式(11)の化合物がnの異なる化合物の混合物である場合、nは平均値を表す。
また、式(11)においてRaは、特に好ましくは、ビニル基又は水素原子であり、ビニル基はラジカル反応性及び/又はヒドロシリル化反応性基であり、水素原子はヒドロシリル化反応性基である。
Ra(Rb)qSi(ORc)3-q (7’)
で表される化合物が挙げられる。
式(7’)中、Raは、成分Aが有する反応性基と反応し結合しうる炭素数3以上を有する反応性官能基を表し、Rb、Rc、及びqは式(7)に対して定義した意味を有する。式(7’)中、Raは好ましくは炭素数3以上の末端不飽和アルケニル基であり、例えば、アリル、ヘキセニルが挙げられる。Rbはメチル及びフェニル基から選択される基が好ましく、メチル基が特に好ましい。Rcはメチル及びエチル基から選択される基が好ましく、メチル基が特に好ましい。qは0であることが特に好ましい。式(7’)で表される具体的な化合物としては、アリルトリメトキシシラン、アリルトリエトキシラン、ヘキセニルトリメトキシシラン、ヘキセニルトリエトキシシラン、メタクリルプロピルトリメトキシシラン、メタクリルプロピルトリエトキシラン、アクリルプロピルトリメトキシシラン、アクリルプロピルトリエトキシランなどが挙げられるがこれらに限定されない。
本発明の硬化性オルガノポリシロキサン組成物は、上述したとおり成分A、B、及びCを必須成分として含むが、成分A及びCが有する反応性基が関与する硬化反応を促進させるための硬化促進剤、あるいは硬化触媒を組成物に添加してもよい。また、本発明の硬化性組成物は、常温も含めて熱によって硬化させる態様、紫外線等の高エネルギー線を用いて硬化させる態様、それらを併用して硬化させる態様のいずれでもよい。
成分Aがラジカル反応性官能基を有する場合、硬化性組成物の硬化を促進するためにラジカル反応開始剤としてラジカル重合開始剤を組成物に添加してもよい。ラジカル重合開始剤としては、アゾ化合物、有機過酸化物などの公知の熱ラジカル重合開始剤を用いることができる。有機過酸化物としては、アルキル系過酸化物及び/又はアシル系過酸化物を挙げることができ、例えば、ベンゾイルパーオキサイド、2,4-ジクロロベンゾイルパーオキサイド、p-クロロベンゾイルパーオキサイド、ジクミルパーオキサイド、ジtert-ブチルパーオキサイド、2,5-ジメチル-2,5-ジ(tert-ブチルパーオキシ)ヘキサンなどが挙げられるがこれらに限定されない。アゾ化合物としては、2,2’-アゾビスイソブチロニトリル、2,2’-アゾビス-2-メチルブチロニトリル、2,2’-アゾビス-2,4-ジメチルバレロニトリル、4,4-アゾビス-4-シアノ吉草酸などが挙げられるがこれらに限定されない。熱ラジカル重合開始剤は、本発明の硬化性オルガノポリシロキサン組成物中の成分Aが有するラジカル反応性基のモル数に対して等モル以上、好ましくは2倍モル以上の量を用いることが好ましい。熱ラジカル重合開始剤を用いる場合は、硬化性組成物を硬化させるために、組成物を加熱してもよい。
成分A又は成分A及びCがヒドロシリル化反応性官能基を有する場合、組成物の硬化促進のためにヒドロシリル化反応触媒を本発明の組成物添加してもよい。本発明の硬化性組成物においては
(i)高エネルギー線の照射なしで、組成物中で活性を示すヒドロシリル化反応触媒、
(ii)高エネルギー線の照射がないと活性を示さないが、高エネルギー線の照射により組成物中で活性を示すヒドロシリル化反応触媒、又は
(iii)(i)及び(ii)の組み合わせ、
を用いることができる。室温又は加熱によって本発明の硬化性組成物を硬化させる場合には触媒(i)を用い、さらに高エネルギー線の照射を行って硬化性組成物の硬化を促進させる場合には触媒(i)に加えて触媒(ii)を用いることが好ましい。高エネルギー線の照射によって本発明の硬化性組成物を硬化させる場合には触媒(ii)を用いることができる。触媒(i)と(ii)を併用する場合、触媒(i)と触媒(ii)の硬化性組成物への添加量は、質量比で100/0~5/95(触媒(i)/触媒(ii))の範囲であることが好ましい。
本発明の硬化性組成物には、成分Cが有する加水分解性ケイ素基及び/又はケイ素原子結合ヒドロキシル基と、成分Bの無機フィラーとの反応を促進させるための縮合反応触媒を添加してもよい。本発明に用いるための縮合反応触媒の種類は特に限定されないが、例えば、ジブチル錫ジラウレート、ジブチル錫ジアセテート、オクテン酸錫、ジブチル錫ジオクテート、ラウリン酸錫等の有機錫化合物;テトラブチルチタネート、テトラプロピルチタネート、ジブトキシビス(エチルアセトアセテート)チタン等の有機チタン化合物;その他、塩酸、硫酸、ドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸等の酸性化合物;アンモニア、水酸化ナトリウム等のアルカリ性化合物;1,8-ジアザビシクロ[5.4.0]ウンデセン(DBU)、1,4-ジアザビシクロ[2.2.2]オクタン(DABCO)等のアミン系化合物;ジルコニウムテトラプロピレート、ジルコニウムテトラブチレート等の有機ジルコニウムエステル;ジルコニウムトリブトキシアセチルアセトネート、ジルコニウムブトキシアセチルアセトネートビスエチルアセトアセテート、ジルコニウムテトラアセチルアセトネート等の有機ジルコニウムキレート;ジルコニウムビス(2-エチルヘキサノエート)オキサイド、ジルコニウムアセチルアセトネート(2-エチルヘキサノエート)オキサイド等のオキソジルコニウム化合物等のジルコニウム系縮合助触媒;アルミニウムトリエチレート、アルミニウムトリイソプロピレート、アルミニウムトリ(sec-ブチレート)等のアルミニウムアルコレート;ジイソプロポキシアルミニウム(エチルアセトアセテート)アルミニウムトリス(エチルアセトアセテート)、アルミニウムトリス(アセチルアセトネート)等のアルミニウムキレート化合物;ヒドロキシアルミニウムビス(2-エチルヘキサノエート)等のアルミニウムアシロキシ化合物等のアルミニウム系縮合助触媒が例示され、好ましくは、有機錫化合物、有機チタン化合物である。縮合反応触媒の使用量は特に限定されず、縮合反応促進の目的が達成される範囲で任意の量であることができる。なお、縮合反応触媒の使用は任意であり、本組成物において使用しなくてもよい。
本発明の硬化性オルガノポリシロキサン組成物には、必要に応じて、上述した成分A以外のオルガノポリシロキサン;上述した成分B以外の無機質充填剤;ポリメタクリレート樹脂等の有機樹脂微粉末;接着性付与剤;耐熱剤;染料;顔料;難燃性付与剤;溶剤等を添加してもよい。これらの添加剤は当業者に公知のものであり、それらの添加量及び添加方法は、本発明の目的を損なわない範囲で任意の量及び任意の方法を用いることができる。
本発明の硬化性オルガノポリシロキサン組成物を硬化させて得られる硬化物は、光透過率が40%以上であることが好ましい。光透過率は、可視光の波長領域(全範囲)について紫外可視近赤外分光光度計に直径150mmの積分級ユニットを搭載して測定した値である。さらに、硬化物は、白色光源(特に、青色LEDと黄色蛍光体の組み合わせによる白色LED)を搭載した双方向透過率分布関数測定用Scattering Profiler等を用いて光散乱特性を測定して、その双方向透過率分布関数において、その直進透過光強度を1とした場合に、測定試料を中心にして直進透過光に対して45度傾いた受光位置での透過光強度が0.65以上である光拡散性を有することが好ましい。なお、双方向透過率分布関数(BTDF)は、ある位置にある方向から光が入射した場合に、各方向にどの程度の光成分が透過及び進行するかを表す透過位置に固有の関数である。
また、本発明による硬化物は、ショアA硬度40からショアD硬度90の範囲の硬度を有することが好ましい。本発明の硬化性組成物の単位体積又は単位質量あたりに含まれるラジカル反応性基又はヒドロシリル化反応性基の量が多いほど、得られる硬化物の硬度が高くなることが一般的であり、したがって、硬化性組成物中に含まれる反応性基の量を調節することによって、硬化物の硬度を調節することができる。また、硬化性組成物中の含まれる成分Bの無機フィラーの割合によっても、硬化物のショアA又はショアD硬度を調節することができる。上述した硬度および改善された破断伸びを備えていることで、本発明の硬化物はフィルム又はシートなどの単独で取り扱い可能なバルク材料として用いることができる。
本発明の硬化性オルガノポリシロキサン組成物の用途は特に限定されない。本発明の組成物の用途として、電気・電子用の接着剤、封止剤、保護剤、コーティング剤、アンダーフィル剤などを挙げることができ、特に、光拡散性を必要とする部材としてとして使用することができる。本発明の硬化性組成物の特に好ましい用途としては、光学部材、特に光拡散性を必要とする光学部材が挙げられる。さらに具体的な用途としては、受光型センサー用光拡散フィルム又はコーティング剤、特に受光型センサー用光拡散フィルム及び光拡散コーティング剤が挙げられる。本発明の硬化性組成物に適した別の具体的な用途としては、発光ダイオード用封止剤が挙げられる。本発明は、本発明の硬化性組成物を用いて形成される光学部材を含む光学装置、例えば受光型センサー、発光ダイオードも提供する。発光ダイオードには無機発光ダイオード(LED)及び有機発光ダイオード(OLED)の両方が含まれる。
本発明の硬化性オルガノポリシロキサン組成物は、フィルム又はシート状の硬化物を形成するため、あるいは基材上にコーティング膜を形成するために、有機溶媒に溶解及び懸濁させたコーティング液として用いることができる。コーティング液を調製するために用いる有機溶媒としては、組成物中の成分A及びCの全構成成分又は一部の構成成分を溶解させ得る化合物であれば、その種類は特に限定されず、沸点が1気圧(0.1013MPa)下で0℃以上200℃未満のものが好ましく使用される。用いることができる溶媒として、例えば、i-プロピルアルコール、t-ブチルアルコール、シクロヘキサノール、シクロヘキサノン、メチルエチルケトン、メチルイソブチルケトン、トルエン、キシレン、メシチレン、1,4-ジオキサン、ジブチルエーテル、アニソール、4-メチルアニソール、エチルベンゼン、エトキシベンゼン、エチレングリコール、エチレングリコールジメチルエーテル、エチレングリコールジエチルエーテル、2-メトキシエタノール(エチレングリコールモノメチルエーテル)、ジエチレングリコールジメチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、エチルアセテート、ブチルアセテート、プロピルプロピオネート(「プロピオン酸プロピル」ともいう)、1-メトキシ-2-プロピルアセテート、1-エトキシ-2-プロピルアセテート、オクタメチルシクロテトラシロキサン、及びヘキサメチルジシロキサン等の非ハロゲン系溶媒、トリフルオロメチルベンゼン、1,2-ビス(トリフルオロメチル)ベンゼン、1,3-ビス(トリフルオロメチル)ベンゼン、1,4-ビス(トリフルオロメチル)ベンゼン、トリフルオロメチルクロロベンゼン、トリフルオロメチルフルオロベンゼン、ハイドロフルオロエーテル等のハロゲン系溶媒が挙げられる。これらの有機溶媒は単独で用いてもよく、二種以上を混合して使用してもよい。特に、i-プロピルアルコール、メチルイソブチルケトン等が好適に用いられる。
本発明の硬化性オルガノポリシロキサン組成物を硬化させて得られる硬化物である固体シリコーン材料をフィルムないしシート状、または薄膜状に成膜する方法は特に制限されるものではないが、例えば以下のような方法で行うことができる。
本発明の硬化性オルガノポリシロキサン組成物を硬化させて得られる固体シリコーン材料がホットメルト性を有する場合には、一体成型等の公知の成型手法により、所望とする基材上に成膜することができる。一般的な成型手法としてはトランスファー成型、インジェクション成型、コンプレッション成型が挙げられる。例えば、トランスファー成型においては、本発明にかかる固体シリコーン材料を成型機のプランジャーに充填し、自動成型を行うことで成型物としてのフィルム状または薄膜状部材を得ることができる。成型機としては、補助ラム式成型機、スライド式成型機、二重ラム式成型機、低圧封入用成型機のいずれをも用いることができる。
基材として剥離性の基材を用いることにより、本発明の固体シリコーン材料からなる、フィルム又はシート状のそれ自体を単独で取り扱うことができるバルク材料を得ることができる。
本発明の硬化性オルガノポリシロキサン組成物はi-プロピルアルコール、メチルイソブチルケトン等の有機溶媒中に均一に分散しうるので、硬化性オルガノポリシロキサン組成物を含む分散液を所望の基材上にフィルムもしくはシート状に塗工し、乾燥等の手段により有機溶媒を除去し、硬化性組成物を硬化させることによってフィルムもしくはシート状材料を得ることができる。分散液をフィルム又はシート状に塗工する場合、分散液全体の粘度が100~10,000mPa・sとなる範囲に、溶媒を用いて分散液の粘度調整をすることが好ましく、溶媒で希釈する場合、分散液中に含まれる固形分の合計量(100質量部)に対して、2000質量部以下の範囲で溶媒を用いることが好ましい。塗工方法としては、グラビアコート、オフセットコート、オフセットグラビア、オフセット転写ロールコーター等を用いたロールコート、リバースロールコート、エアナイフコート、カーテンフローコーター等を用いたカーテンコート、コンマコート、マイヤーバー、スピンコート、及び硬化層を形成する目的で使用されるその他公知の方法が制限なく使用できる。また、硬化性組成物の基材への塗工量は任意の量であるが、有機溶媒除去及び硬化性組成物の硬化後に形成されるフィルムもしくはシート状材料が所望の膜厚を有するように塗工することができる。なお、後述するように、上記分散液を塗工する基材として剥離性基材を用いることによって、剥離性基材上に本発明の固体シリコーン材料からなるフィルム又はシートを形成させた後、それを基材から分離してフィルム又はシート状のバルク材料を得ることができる。また、本発明の硬化性オルガノポリシロキサン組成物を有機溶媒中に溶解及び分散させたものを光学装置の部材の上に直接コーティングして、溶媒を除去した後、硬化させることによってコーティング膜を形成することもできる。
本発明においては、オルガノポリシロキサンの分子内のアリール基のモル数をケイ素原子に結合した有機基全体の10モル%以上にすることによって、単独のフィルム又はシート材料として取り扱うことができる硬さ及び機械強度を有することができる。
本発明の硬化性オルガノポリシロキサン組成物を硬化させて得られる固体シリコーン材料は、光学部材として、特に光学装置、例えば発光ダイオード(LED)、有機電界発光素子(OLED)、及び受光型センサーなどに用いることができる。その場合、特に、本発明の硬化性組成物から得られる固体シリコーン材料は、光学装置中の積層体部分を構成する固体層として、空気との界面に配置されることが好ましい。その際、積層体が発光デバイス、例えば発光ダイオード又は有機電界発光素子であれば、光源と本発明の固体シリコーン材料との間に少なくとも1種の蛍光フィラーを含む層(以下、「蛍光体層」ともいう)を有していてもよい。また、本発明による固体シリコーン材料を受光型センサーに入射する光を拡散させるための光拡散材料、特に光拡散コーティング層、光拡散フィルム又はシートとして用いる場合には、成分Bとして球状溶融シリカ粒子及び/又は球状溶融アルミナ粒子を用いることが特に好ましい。
剥離性基材とは、一般に、基材とその上に形成された剥離層からなり、剥離層上に一般にコーティング法によって形成したフィルム状又はシート状の材料を基材から容易に剥離できるようにしたものをいう。
まず、本発明の硬化性組成物から得られる硬化物からなる固体シリコーン材料のフィルム状又はシート状材料が剥離層上に配置された積層体について説明する。本発明の固体シリコーン材料からなるフィルム又はシート状材料、それを含む積層材料は、所望により、基材と分離した単独の形態で取り扱うことが求められる場合がある。剥離層上に本発明の固体シリコーン材料からなる固体層が配置されている場合、基材とともに剥離性基材を構成する剥離層から、本発明の固体シリコーン材料からなるフィルム又はシート状材料又はそれを含む積層材料を容易に分離して取り扱うことができる。このような剥離性基材は、本発明の固体シリコーン材料からなるフィルム状等の固体層と対向する剥離層を有し、任意選択により、さらに、他の剥離層を備えていてもよい。剥離性基材と本発明の固体シリコーン材料からなる固体層を含む積層体の構成としては、以下の構成が例示できる。なお、以下の例において「/」は積層体の積層方向(一般に基材に対して垂直な厚み方向)について、各層が対向していることを意味する。また、基材と剥離層は一体または同一層(材質または物理的な凹凸を設けたりして剥離性を持たせた基材)であってもよい。
・例1: 基材/剥離層/本発明の固体シリコーン材料からなる固体層/その他の任意の層(1層または2層以上であってよい)
・例2: 基材/剥離層/本発明の固体シリコーン材料からなる固体層/その他の任意の層(1層または2層以上であってよい)/剥離層/基材
ここで「その他の任意の層」は、所望により用いてもよいが、用いなくてもよい層をいう。また、その他の任意の層としては例えば感圧接着剤層が挙げられるが、これに限定されない。
本発明の硬化性組成物から得られる固体シリコーン材料からなる固体層は、空気との界面に配置することが可能であり、発光ダイオード(LED)または有機電界発光素子(OLED)の光源上に配置する場合、本発明の固体シリコーン材料からなる固体層は、空気との界面に配置して、光源を含む積層体全体の光取り出し効率を改善することができる。かかる積層体は、光源の波長変換材料として上記同様の蛍光体を含む蛍光体層、特に、蛍光体を含有するシリコーン層を有することが特に好ましい。ここで、光源から発した光は蛍光体層により波長変換され、空気との界面に配置された本発明の固体シリコーン材料からなる固体層に到達する配置であることが好ましく、本発明の固体シリコーン材料からなる固体層は蛍光体層の一部又は全体を覆うように形成されていてもよく、他の積層体の機能層を介して蛍光体層の外側に配置されていてもよい。これらの積層体全体の厚さは特に限定されるものではないが、1μm以上であることが好ましく、発光デバイス等の場合、光源部分の厚さを除いて、50~10,000μmであってよく、100~1,000μmの範囲が特に好ましい。
光源及び蛍光体層を備えた積層体は、発光ダイオード(LED)又は有機電界発光素子(OLED)等の発光デバイスであり、上記の光源、蛍光体層、及び本発明の固体シリコーン材料からなる固体層の配置を取ることにより、発光デバイスの光取り出し効率を向上させることができる。さらに、本発明による固体シリコーン材料からなる固体層を用いることにより、それとは異なる別の材料を用いた場合と比較して、発光デバイスの発熱に伴って生じる着色等を防止できる場合があり、したがって、特に、発光デバイスの耐熱性を改善できる場合がある。
本発明の硬化性オルガノポリシロキサン組成物から得られる硬化物を含む積層体の製造方法は特に制限されるものではないが、以下の工程(i)~(iii)のいずれかの工程を備えた方法であることが好ましい。なお、当該工程にかかる塗工方法等は特に限定されないが、上述した本発明の硬化性組成物から得られる硬化物から形成されたフィルムもしくはシート状材料を製造する方法において説明した方法が挙げられる。
(i)本発明の硬化性オルガノポリシロキサン組成物を硬化させて得られる固体シリコーン材料がホットメルト性を備えている場合には、その固体シリコーン材料を、他の構造体上でフィルムもしくはシート状または薄膜状に成型する工程;
(ii)本発明の硬化性オルガノポリシロキサン組成物を有機溶媒に分散させ、他の構造体上にフィルム状または薄膜状に塗工した後、有機溶媒を除去し、硬化させる工程;
(iii)本発明の硬化性オルガノポリシロキサン組成物を硬化させて得られる固体シリコーン材料からなるフィルムもしくはシート状材料上に、他の構造体を積層する工程。
ここでフィルム状材料の厚さが薄い場合には、これを薄膜状材料とよぶこともできる。
(イ):剥離性基材の剥離層上に、本発明の硬化性オルガノポリシロキサン組成物を有機溶媒に分散させた液をフィルム状又は薄膜状に塗工した後、有機溶媒を除去し、組成物を硬化させて固体シリコーン材料にする工程;
(ロ):前記工程イで得られたフィルム状又は薄膜状の固体シリコーン材料上に、同一又は異なるシリコーン層を積層する工程;
(ハ):前記工程ロで得られた、フィルム状又は薄膜状の固体シリコーン材料とそれに積層されたシリコーン層を一体のものとして、剥離層から剥離して積層体を得る工程;及び
(ニ):前記工程ハで得られた積層体を、他の構造体上に積層する工程。
本発明の硬化性組成物は、成分A、B、及びCを含み、成分Aのケイ素原子に結合した基全体の10モル%以上をアリール基とすることによって、硬化性組成物を硬化させて得られる固体シリコーン材料の硬度及び機械物性を、その固体シリコーン材料それ自体がフィルム又はシート状材料として単独で取り扱うことができるバルク材料として用いるのに適しているものにすることができる。さらに、本発明の硬化性組成物は、成分Bに成分A及びCを組み合わせることによって、得られる固体シリコーン材料中での成分Bの無機フィラーと成分A及びCからなるマトリクス材料との間の接着性が向上し、固体シリコーン材料の破断伸びが、成分Cを用いない場合と比較して有意に向上するという効果が得られる。破断伸びが向上することにより、材料自体の熱変形への追従性が増し、耐熱性が向上するという効果が得られる。
しかし、本発明の硬化性組成物の用途は上述した用途に限定されず、任意の用途に用いることができる。
なお、本明細書において、オルガノポリシロキサンのケイ素原子に結合した有機基に占めるアリール基の割合(モル%)は、13C-, 29Si-NMRにより定めた値である。
1L四ツ口丸底フラスコにフェニルシルセスキオキサン加水分解物(302.50 g、2.214 molのSi)とプロピオン酸プロピル(210.20 g)を充填した。窒素雰囲気下、当該混合物を還流させながら30分にわたって加熱した。反応混合物を100℃に冷却した後、ジアセトキシ末端ポリフェニルメチルシロキサン(256.35 g, シロキサン重合度112)のプロピオン酸プロピル溶液を添加した。反応混合物を還流させながら2時間にわたって加熱した。その後、メチルビニルジアセトキシシラン(16.16 g、0.09 molのSi)を添加し、混合物を1時間にわたって還流させた。混合物に水(60 mL)を添加し、共沸蒸留により水相を除去した。メチルトリアセトキシシラン(40.59 g、0.18molのSi)を添加し、混合物を1時間にわたって還流させた。水(60 mL)を添加し、共沸蒸留により水相を除去した。その後、メチルトリアセトキシシランとエチルトリアセトキシシランの1:1混合物(5.07 g、0.02 molのSi)をさらに添加し、混合物を1時間にわたって還流させた。水(60 mL)を添加し、共沸蒸留により水相を除去した。この手順を更に2回繰り返して酢酸濃度を低下させ、さらにプロピオン酸プロピルを一部留去することにより、透明なレジン・リニアポリマー構造を有するオルガノポリシロキサン(RLコポリマー)のプロピオン酸プロピル溶液(ポリマーの重量平均分子量=85600、固形分濃度 71.16%)を得た。
合成例1で調製したオルガノポリシロキサン(RLコポリマー)は、そのケイ素原子に結合した有機基の約60モル%がフェニル基である。
合成例1で得たRLコポリマーのプロピオン酸プロピル溶液(固形分濃度71.6%, 139.7g)に組成式:(HMe2SiO1/2)0.60(PhSiO3/2)0.40で表されるオルガノハイドロジェンシロキサンレジン(2.37 g)と白金のジビニルジシロキサン錯体を白金含有量で1ppmとなる量を加え、機械力を用いて均一攪拌し、A液を得た。
A液中のオルガノポリシロキサンは、そのケイ素原子に結合した有機基全体の約60モル%がフェニル基である。
それぞれ組成式: (Me2SiO)0.10(MeViSiO)0.15(PhSiO3/2)0.75及び(Me2ViSiO1/2)0.25 (PhSiO3/2)0.75で表されるビニル基含有オルガノポリシロキサンレジンをそれぞれ52.5 g及び20.1 g、構造式:HMe2SiOPh2SiOSiHMe2 で表される両末端SiHオルガノハイドロジェントリシロキサン(23 g)、組成式:(HMe2SiO1/2)0.60(PhSiO3/2)0.40で表されるオルガノハイドロジェンシロキサンレジン(2 g)の混合物に、構造式:(ViMe2SiO)3SiPh で表される末端ビニルオルガノテトラシロキサン(2.4 g)と白金のジビニルジシロキサン錯体を白金含有量で2.5 ppmとなる量を加え、機械力を用いて均一攪拌し、B液を得た。
B液中のオルガノポリシロキサンは、そのケイ素原子に結合した有機基全体の約20モル%がフェニル基である。
添加剤1 構造式(Me2ViSiO1/2)(Me2SiO)3((MeO)3SiO1/2)で表される化合物
添加剤2 平均構造式(Me2ViSiO1/2)(Me2SiO)25((MeO)3SiO1/2)で表される化合物
添加剤3 ドデシルトリメトキシシラン
添加剤4 ガンマグリシドキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン
添加剤5 組成式 (MeViSiO)n で表される環状オリゴシロキサン
添加剤6 平均構造式(Me2ViSiO1/2)2(MePhSiO)23で表される両末端ビニルポリフェニルメチルシロキサン
添加剤7 組成式 (MePhSiO)n で表される環状オリゴシロキサン
添加剤8 組成式(Me2ViSiO1/2)0.146(Me2RSiO1/2)0.291(PhSiO3/2)0.563 (式中、Rはガンマグリシドキシプロピル基を表す)
添加剤9 アリルトリメトキシシラン
添加剤10 ビニルトリメトキシシラン
フィラーI デンカ株式会社製 平均粒径3μmの球状溶融シリカ粒子 FB-3SDC
フィラーII 昭和電工株式会社製 平均粒径5μmの球状アルミナ粒子 CB-P05
フィラーIII Intematix社製 平均粒径8μmのYAG型黄色蛍光体 NYAG4454-S
フィラーIV デンカ株式会社製 平均粒径5μmの球状溶融シリカ粒子 FB-5SDC
フィラーV 堺化学株式会社製 平均粒径0.2μmの非球状酸化チタン粒子 SX-3103
上記のA液に、下の表に示す量のフィラー及び適当な量のプロピオン酸プロピル溶媒を加え、減圧下で脱気しながら機械力を用いて均一に攪拌し、各調整液を得た。得られた調製液をパナック社製のSPPET75D13BU PETフィルム(剥離フィルム)に塗工機(PI-1210 FILM COATER)を用いて210μmのギャップでキャストし、70℃に設定したオーブンで30分間乾燥してシート状組成物を得た。ここで、得られたシートの平均厚みは80μmであった。このシートを重ねて、1mm厚の金型を用いて、50℃の真空プレスで真空圧着後、125℃のプレスで15分、150℃のオーブンで1時間加熱して硬化させて厚さ1mmの樹脂シートを作成した。
上記のB液に、下の表に示す量のフィラーを加え、減圧下で脱気しながら機械力を用いて均一に攪拌し、各調製液を得た。得られた調製液を1mm厚の金型を用いて125℃のプレスで15分、その後、150℃のオーブンで1時間加熱して硬化させて樹脂シートを作成した。
表1及び表2に示した配合にしたがい、上述した合成例1で調製したRLコポリマーを用いたA液、又は上述したB液に、添加剤及びフィラーを添加して硬化性オルガノポリシロキサン組成物を調製し、上述した硬化物の作成方法にしたがって硬化性組成物から樹脂シートを作成し、その特性を以下の方法で評価した。なお、表1及び2に示した実施例1~13、参考例1~3、及び比較例1~9に用いた材料の欄に記載した数値は、用いた各材料の重量部を示す。
図1: 実施例2のサンプルの破断面のSEM写真
図2: 比較例4のサンプルの破断面のSEM写真
図1に示した実施例2の試験サンプルでは、破断面にみられるフィラー粒子の表面は不定形であって平滑でなく、硬化したオルガノポリシロキサンポリマーでフィラー粒子表面が覆われていることが観察された。
一方、図2に示した比較例4の試験サンプルでは、破断面にみられるフィラー粒子の表面は平滑であって硬化したオルガノポリシロキサンポリマーで覆われておらず、フィラー粒子とオルガノポリシロキサンポリマーの界面で剥離が生じていることがわかる。
参考例1の添加剤を入れていないフィラー組成に対して、実施例1~6では本発明の成分Cの添加剤1又は2を含有することで、フィラーとオルガノポリシロキサンマトリックスが一体化し、フィラー界面からマトリクスが剥離して材料が破断することが抑えられ、破断強度をそれほど変えることなく(18~20MPa)、材料の破断時伸び特性を5%から7~8%へと向上できた。一方、硬化性組成物が成分Cを含まない場合、及び添加剤として本発明の成分Cとは異なる構造の化合物を用いた場合には、フィラー表面とシロキサンマトリックスが強い結合を作成できないため、破断時の伸びは添加剤を用いない場合と比較してほとんど変化しないか、むしろ破断強度の低下も起こり、本発明による硬化物と比較して強靭性が劣る。
参考例2の添加剤を入れていない配合に対して、実施例7の配合は本発明の成分Cに該当する添加剤1を含有することで、得られる硬化物においてフィラーとオルガノポリシロキサンマトリックスが強く結合して一体化し、フィラー界面からマトリクスが剥離して材料が破断することが抑えられ、破断強度をそれほど変えることなく(約4MPa)、硬化物の伸び特性を36%から44%へ向上できた。
参考例3の添加剤を入れておらずフィラーとして蛍光体を含む組成に対して、実施例8では本発明の成分Cに該当する添加剤1を含有することで、フィラーとオルガノポリシロキサンマトリックスが強く結合して一体化し、フィラー界面からマトリクスが剥離して材料が破断することが抑えられ、破断強度をそれほど変えることなく(約10MPa)、参考例3に対して材料の伸び特性を約2%から約7%へ向上できた。一方、用いた添加剤が成分Cとは異なる構造の場合(比較例8)、フィラー表面とオルガノポリシロキサンマトリックスとの間で強い結合が形成できないため、添加剤を含まない参考例3と比較して破断時の伸びはほとんど変化しなかった。
参考例4の添加剤を含まずに2種類のフィラーを混合して用いた組成に対して、実施例9~13では本発明の成分Cに該当する添加剤1、8、又は9を含有することで、フィラーとオルガノポリシロキサンマトリックスが強く結合して一体化し、フィラー界面からマトリクスが剥離して材料が破断することが抑えられ、破断強度をそれほど変えることなく(約17~18MPa)、材料の伸び特性を参考例4の3.7%から約5~7%へ向上できた。一方、成分Cの構造とは異なるビニルトリメトキシシランを添加剤として用いた比較例9では、珪素原子上の反応性基の炭素鎖が短いために、フィラー表面とオルガノポリシロキサンマトリックスが結合を形成できず、むしろオルガノポリシロキサンマトリックスポリマーの末端官能基をビニルトリメトキシシランが塞いでしまうことでオルガノポリシロキサン分子間の架橋が不十分となり、それによって材料の破断強度が低下し、やわらかくなることで伸びが出ていると推測され、その結果、本来の意図した材料の硬さを実現することができていない。
参考例1及び実施例1と同じ組成の硬化性組成物を用いて300μm厚さのシートをそれぞれ作成した。それらのシートの光透過率を日本分光製 V770紫外可視近赤外分光光度計に150mmφ積分球ユニットを取り付けて測定した後、マルコム製 リフロー装置RDT-165CPを用いて160~200℃で3分間保持後 280℃以上10秒間となるプログラムで 各シートを加熱処理したところ、参考例1の組成の材料からなるシートでは、フィラー表面からのオルガノポリシロキサンマトリックスの剥離による透過率の約2%の低下が約500nm以下の波長で観察されたのに対して、実施例1の組成の材料からなるシートでは特に透過率の低下は観察されなかった。
この結果から、本発明に用いる成分A及びBに加えて添加剤として成分Cを用いることは、引張りなどによる機械的衝撃だけでなく熱的衝撃を向上させるための有効な手段となることがわかる。
・厚さ100μm以下のフィルムサンプルの調製
上記のA液に、下記表3に示す量のフィラーを加え、さらに適当な量のプロピオン酸プロピル溶媒を加え、混合物を、減圧下で脱気しながら機械力を用いて均一に攪拌し、各調製液を得た。
得られた調製液を、松浪ガラス製のカバーガラス 24X60X0.13-0.17mm上にスピンコーターを用いて塗布し、その後、150℃のオーブンで1時間加熱して硬化物を作成した。
・厚さ200μm以上のフィルムサンプルの調製
上記のB液に、下記表3に示す量のフィラーを加え、混合物を、減圧下で脱気しながら機械力を用いて均一に攪拌し、各調製液を得た。
得られた調製液を表3に示す厚さの金型を用いて125℃のプレスで15分、その後、150℃のオーブンで1時間加熱して硬化物を作成した。
上述した方法で作成したフィルムサンプルの光透過散乱測定は、ジェネシア製 Genesia Gonio/Far Filed Profiler を用いて測定し、双方向透過率分布関数の45度を用い、測定試料面に垂直に入射した光の透過光強度、つまり直線透過光強度を1としたときに、測定試料を中心にしてその入射光軸に対して受光ユニットが45度傾いた位置における受光強度が0.65以上であったとき、よい光拡散材(表3に〇で結果を示した)であるとし、受光強度が0.65未満であった場合を×で示した。
380~720nmの範囲の光透過率が40%より高いものを良好(表3に〇で結果を示した)、光透過率が40%未満のものを不良(表3に×で結果を示した)と判断した。
実施例14及び15ではそれぞれ厚さ100及び40μmの良好な光拡散フィルムを作成できた。参考例5は所定のフィラーを含まず拡散性が良くなかった。実施例16~22では、さまざまなフィラーの種類及び使用量において、良好な光透過性および光拡散性を示した。この中で、実施例21では少量の光拡散反射性粒子である酸化チタン(フィラーV)を入れると、実施例16では45度の双方向透過率分布強度比が0.66であったものが、実施例21では0.68とさらに向上した。
Claims (15)
- 以下の成分A~C:
A)分子内に少なくとも2個のラジカル反応性基及び/又はヒドロシリル化反応によって架橋可能な反応性基を有し、かつ、分子内のケイ素原子に結合した有機基全体の10モル%以上がアリール基である、オルガノポリシロキサン;
B)1種以上の無機フィラー;並びに
C)成分Aと異なる有機ケイ素化合物であって、以下のC1及びC2:
C1)分子内に、成分Aが有する反応性基と結合しうる反応性官能基と、加水分解性シリル基及び/又はケイ素原子結合ヒドロキシル基とを有し、かつ分子中のケイ素原子数が2以上である、成分Aとは異なる有機ケイ素化合物、
C2)分子内に、成分Aが有する反応性基と結合しうる炭素数3以上を有する反応性官能基と、加水分解性シリル基及び/又はケイ素原子結合ヒドロキシル基とを有し、かつ分子中のケイ素原子数が1以上である、成分Aとは異なる有機ケイ素化合物、
からなる群から選択される1種類以上の化合物、
を含有してなり、組成物全体の質量に対して、成分Bの質量が30~95%である、硬化性オルガノポリシロキサン組成物。 - 成分Aが、下記の成分A1及び成分A2からなる群から選ばれる1種類以上のオルガノポリシロキサンである、請求項1に記載の硬化性オルガノポリシロキサン組成物。
A1)直鎖状又は分岐鎖状のオルガノポリシロキサン;
A2)i)R1SiO3/2単位(式中、R1は一価有機基、ヒドロキシル基、及び炭素数1~6のアルコキシ基からなる群から選択される基を表す)を有し、かつ任意選択により場合によってさらにSiO4/2単位を有していてもよいレジン構造ブロック、及び
ii)(R2 2SiO2/2)n(式中、R2は独立に、ハロゲン原子で置換されていてもよい炭素数1~20のアルキル基又は炭素数6~14の置換又は非置換のアリール基を表し、nは3~1000の範囲の数を表す)で表される直鎖状ジオルガノポリシロキサン構造部分を含んでなる直鎖状又は分岐状オルガノポリシロキサン構造ブロック
を含んでなり、R1及びR2の少なくとも一部がラジカル反応及び/又はヒドロシリル化反応によって架橋可能な反応性基であり、かつR1及びR2基の合計のモル数(ただし、ヒドロキシル基を除く)に占める炭素数6~14のアリール基の割合が10モル%以上である、オルガノポリシロキサン。 - 成分Aの少なくとも一部が成分A2であり、かつ、成分A2のレジン構造ブロックと、直鎖状又は分岐状オルガノポリシロキサン構造ブロックとの連結部分が、-Si-O-Si-結合、若しくは-Si-RA-Si-基(式中RAは炭素数2~14の直鎖状又は分岐状アルキレン基を表す)、又はそれらの組み合わせである、請求項1又は2に記載の硬化性オルガノポリシロキサン組成物。
- 前記無機フィラーBが、球状シリカ粒子、球状アルミナ粒子、及び蛍光フィラーからなる群から選択される1種以上である、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の硬化性オルガノポリシロキサン組成物。
- 球状シリカ粒子が球状溶融シリカ粒子であり、球状アルミナ粒子が球状溶融アルミナ粒子である、請求項4に記載の硬化性オルガノポリシロキサン組成物。
- 成分Cが下記一般式:
(RaRb 2SiO)p-K-(SiRb 2-Y-Si(Rb)q(ORc)3-q)r
(式中、Raは独立に、成分Aの反応性基と結合しうる反応性基を表し;Rbは独立に、一価炭化水素基、ハロゲン化炭化水素基、及びシアノアルキル基からなる群から選択される基を表し;Rcは独立に、水素原子、炭素数1~10のアルキル基、及び合計炭素数2~10のアルコキシアルキル基からなる群から選択される基からなる群から選択される基を表し;Kは平均組成式(Rb 3SiO1/2)s(Rb 2SiO2/2)t(RbSiO3/2)u(SiO4/2)v(ORc)w(式中、Rb及びRcは上で定義したとおりであり、s、t、u、v、及びwはそれぞれ各単位の数を表し、t、u、及びvの全てが0でないことを条件としてそれぞれ0~500の数を表し、但し、s+wの値はu+2v以下である)で表される、直鎖状もしくは分岐状オルガノポリシロキサン鎖又はシリコーンレジン構造ブロックを表し;Yは酸素原子、二価炭化水素基、又は一般式:
で表される、有機ケイ素化合物である、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の硬化性オルガノポリシロキサン組成物。 - 請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の硬化性オルガノポリシロキサン組成物から得られる硬化物。
- 光透過率が40%以上である、請求項8に記載の硬化物。
- 白色光源を用いた双方向透過率分布関数において、その直進透過光強度を1とした場合に、測定試料を中心にして直進透過光に対して45度傾いた受光位置での透過光強度が0.65以上である、請求項8又は9に記載の硬化物。
- 前記の成分Cを含まない以外は成分が同じある硬化性オルガノポリシロキサン組成物から得られる硬化物と比べて、硬化物の破断伸びが10%以上増加することを特徴とする、請求項8~10のいずれか一項に記載の硬化物。
- 請求項8~11のいずれか一項に記載の硬化物からなる光学部材。
- 前記光学部材が、受光型センサー用光拡散フィルムである、請求項12に記載の光学部材。
- 前記光学部材が発光ダイオード用又は有機電界発光素子用の封止剤である請求項12に記載の光学部材。
- 請求項13又は14に記載の光学部材を含む光学装置。
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CN114008140B (zh) | 2023-11-07 |
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CN114008140A (zh) | 2022-02-01 |
TW202106809A (zh) | 2021-02-16 |
EP3978550A1 (en) | 2022-04-06 |
KR20220016875A (ko) | 2022-02-10 |
US20220235181A1 (en) | 2022-07-28 |
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