WO2020237839A1 - 一种考虑可靠性约束的配电网规划方法 - Google Patents
一种考虑可靠性约束的配电网规划方法 Download PDFInfo
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- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
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- G06Q50/00—Information and communication technology [ICT] specially adapted for implementation of business processes of specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
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- Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
- Y04S40/20—Information technology specific aspects, e.g. CAD, simulation, modelling, system security
Definitions
- the invention belongs to the technical field of power system planning and evaluation, and particularly relates to a distribution network planning method considering reliability constraints.
- reliability is an important index to evaluate the performance of the planned network.
- reliability refers to the ability of the power system to continuously meet the quantity and quality of end-user power demand.
- the reliability of the distribution network mainly includes the following indicators: customer interruption frequency (CIF), customer interruption duration (CID), system average interruption frequency index( SAIFI)), system average interruption duration index (SAIDI) and expected energy not supplied (EENS)).
- the two-step iterative method of solving the planning model that does not consider reliability and calculating and verifying the reliability index is usually used to generate satisfaction Planning scheme for reliability requirements.
- the reliability index a large number of Monte Carlo samples are generated according to the equipment failure and failure rate through random generation simulation, and the reliability index is obtained by statistics. This method takes a long time, requires a large storage space, and often obtains sub-optimal planning schemes that have relatively low electrical equipment capacity and load or whose reliability requirements cannot be fully met. This makes the planned investment cost of the grid high and unsatisfactory. Reliability requirements.
- the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and propose a distribution network planning method considering reliability constraints.
- the invention realizes that the accurate calculation of the reliability index of the distribution network is incorporated into the distribution network planning model as a constraint, and the planning scheme meeting the reliability index is directly obtained by solving the model, avoiding the iterative calculation of the traditional distribution network planning, and ensuring the planning Optimality of the plan.
- the present invention proposes a distribution network planning method considering reliability constraints, which is characterized by including the following steps:
- C I is the investment cost of the distribution network, Is the cost of type a wire, Is whether branch ij is newly built with a wire of type a, Is new,
- ⁇ represents the set of all branches
- ⁇ B is the set of all wire types
- ⁇ F represents the set of all transformer nodes
- ⁇ T is the set of all transformer types
- ⁇ SS represents the set of all substation nodes;
- M is a positive number, Indicates the state of the switch on branch ij when branch xy fails, Means the switch is closed, Means the switch is on, Indicates the rated capacity of branch ij;
- CID i represents the user interruption duration of the i-node
- ⁇ xy represents the annual failure rate of branch xy
- CIF i represents the user interruption frequency of i-node
- NC i is the number of users of a given i-node
- SAIDI represents the system's annual average interruption frequency index
- SAIFI is the system's annual average interruption duration index
- B is the set of all load levels
- ⁇ h is the number of load level h of continuous hours
- L i Indicates the peak load of the i-node
- ⁇ i represents the user interruption duration requirement of the i-node
- ⁇ represents the system's annual average interruption duration requirement
- l ij ⁇ ⁇ 0,1 ⁇ indicates whether the branch ij has a line
- l ij 1 means yes
- l ij 0 means no
- o f ⁇ ⁇ 0,1 ⁇ indicates whether there is a transformer at node f of the transformer
- o f 1 means yes
- o f 0 means no
- Is the rated capacity of type a transformer Is a collection of transformer nodes belonging to the s-node substation;
- step 2) According to the objective function (69) and constraints (70)-(102), solve the optimization model established in step 1), and get And u s is the optimal plan for the distribution network.
- the present invention incorporates the accurate calculation of the reliability index of the distribution network as a constraint into the distribution network planning model, and directly obtains the planning scheme that meets the reliability index by solving the model, avoids the iterative calculation of traditional distribution network planning, and reduces the calculation time. Ensure the optimality of the planning scheme.
- a distribution network planning method considering reliability constraints proposed by the present invention includes the following steps:
- M is a given arbitrary larger number (it needs to be greater than the maximum capacity of all lines in the distribution network
- the value of in this example is 1000000000)
- Indicates the state of the switch on the branch ij when the branch xy fails (if xy 0, it means that the branch xy is operating normally) ( Means the switch is closed, Means the switch is on), Indicates the rated capacity of branch ij.
- Is the i-node affected when the branch xy fails Means being affected, Indicates that it has not been affected.
- CID i represents the user interruption duration of the i-node
- Represents the interruption time of the fault switch action of the branch xy (if xy tr f , f ⁇ ⁇ F , it means the transformer f) (specifically the time from the occurrence of the fault to the switch action of the fault branch)
- CIF i represents the user interruption frequency of i-node
- NC i is the number of users of a given i-node
- SAIDI is the system's annual average outage frequency index
- SAIFI is the system's annual average outage duration index
- ASAI is the system's average power supply index
- EENS is the expected loss of load energy
- B is the total load level Set
- ⁇ h is the annual duration of load level h
- ⁇ h ⁇ 1 is the peak load ratio of load level h
- Li represents the peak load of node i.
- ⁇ i represents the user interruption duration requirement of the i-node (usually 5 minutes to 3 hours)
- ⁇ represents the system's annual average interruption duration requirement (usually 5 minutes to 3 hours).
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Abstract
一种考虑可靠性约束的配电网规划方法,属于电力系统规划与评估技术领域。该方法构建由目标函数和约束条件构成的配电网规划模型,将可靠性指标作为约束纳入到配电网规划问题中,通过约束间的耦合关系精确描述可靠性指标,使得求解该配电网规划模型得到的解必然满足设定的可靠性约束,得到最优的配电网规划方案。该方法避免了传统配电网规划方法采用先规划后验证可靠性指标的迭代求解方式,而是直接求得满足可靠性约束的电网规划方案,保证了规划方案的最优性,同时大大减少了配电网规划的计算时间。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求清华大学于2019年05月24日提交的、发明名称为“一种考虑可靠性约束的配电网规划方法”的、中国专利申请号“201910438855.5”的优先权。
本发明属于电力系统规划与评估技术领域,特别涉及一种考虑可靠性约束的配电网规划方法。
在配电网规划问题中,可靠性是评价规划网络性能的重要指标。在配电网规划领域,可靠性是指电力系统持续满足终端用户电力需求数量和质量的能力。配电网可靠性主要包括以下几个指标:用户中断频率(customer interruption frequency(CIF))、用户中断持续时间(customer interruption duration(CID))、系统年平均中断频率指数(system average interruption frequency index(SAIFI))、系统年平均中断持续时间指数(system average interruption duration index(SAIDI))和期望失负荷能量(expected energy not supplied(EENS))。
由于可靠性指标的计算过程表现为统计故障事件发生的概率时间,在传统的配电网规划方法中,通常采用求解不考虑可靠性的规划模型、计算检验可靠性指标两步迭代的方式生成满足可靠性要求的规划方案。在计算可靠性指标时,通过随机生成模拟根据设备故障和故障率生成众多的蒙特卡罗样本,并对其进行统计得到可靠性指标。这种方法耗时较长,需要较大的存储空间,且经常得到电气设备容量负载比较低或者可靠性要求不能完全满足的次优规划方案,使得规划得到的电网一次投资成本较高且无法满足可靠性要求。
如果将可靠性约束包含到配电网规划模型中,往往会破坏原有规划问题的可解性,必须使用一些启发式方法近似求解这些模型,如进化算法和粒子群算法。显然,启发式方法只能为决策者提供相对次优解决方案,这可能是保守和不稳定的。如何在配电网规划中同时地将可靠性约束考虑进来,称为备受关注和亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为克服已有技术的不足之处,提出一种考虑可靠性约束的配电网规划方法。本发明实现将精确计算配电网可靠性指标作为约束纳入配电网规划模型中,通过求 解该模型直接得到满足可靠性指标的规划方案,避免了传统配电网规划的迭代计算,保证了规划方案的最优性。
本发明提出一种考虑可靠性约束的配电网规划方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
1)构建考虑可靠性约束的配电网规划模型,该模型由目标函数和约束条件构成;具体如下:
1-1)确定模型的目标函数;
该模型的目标函数为最小化配电网投资成本,如式(69)所示:
其中,C
I为配电网投资成本,
为类型a导线的成本,
为支路ij是否新建类型a的导线,
为新建,
为不新建,Υ表示所有支路的集合,Λ
B为所有导线类型的集合,
为类型a变压器的成本,
为变压器节点f是否安装类型a的变压器,
为新建,
为不新建,Ψ
F表示所有变压器节点的集合,Λ
T为所有变压器类型的集合,
为s节点新建变电站的成本,u
s∈{0,1}为s节点是否新建变电站,u
s=1为新建,u
s=0为不新建,Ψ
SS表示所有变电站节点的集合;
2)确定模型的约束条件包;具体如下:
2-1)配电网功率平衡约束,如式(70)-(71)所示:
其中,
表示在支路xy发生故障时i节点的负荷;如果xy=0,则表示支路xy为正常运行状态;
表示在支路xy发生故障时支路ij上由j节点流向i节点的功率,Ψ
i表示与i节点直接相连的支路集合,Ψ
LN表示负荷节点集合;
2-2)支路功率约束,如式(72)-(73)所示:
2-3)变压器功率约束,如式(74)-(75)所示:
2-4)配电网辐射状运行约束,如式(76)-(84)所示:
其中,
为在支路xy发生故障时i节点关于变压器f的从属标志,
则i节点由变压器f供电,
则i节点不由变压器f供电,
为在支路xy发生故障时支路ij关于变压器f的从属标志,
则支路ij由变压器f供电,
则支路ij不由变压器f供电,
为在支路xy发生故障时i节点是否被供电的标志,
表示被供电,
表示不被供电;
2-5)故障约束,如式(85)-(88)所示:
2-6)可靠性指标计算约束,如式(89)-(94)所示:
其中,CID
i表示i节点的用户中断持续时间,λ
xy表示支路xy的年故障率,
表示支路xy的故障开关动作中断时间,
表示支路xy的故障修复中断时间,CIF
i表示i节点的用户中断频率,NC
i为给定的i节点的用户数量,SAIDI表示系统年平均中断频率指数,SAIFI为系统年平均中断持续时间指数,ASAI为系统平均供电指数,EENS为期望失负荷能量,B为所有负荷水平的集合,Δ
h为负荷水平h的年持续小时数,μ
h≤1为负荷水平h的峰值负荷比,L
i表示i节点的峰值负荷;
2-7)可靠性指标约束,如式(95)-(96)所示:
SAIDI≤ε(28)
其中,ε
i表示i节点的用户中断持续时间要求,ε表示系统年平均中断持续时间要求;
2-8)投资逻辑约束,如式(97)-(102)所示:
其中,l
ij∈{0,1}表示支路ij是否有线路,l
ij=1为有,l
ij=0为无,
为为类型a导线的额定容量,o
f∈{0,1}表示变压器f节点是否有变压器,o
f=1为有,o
f=0为无,
为 类型a变压器的额定容量,
为属于s节点变电站的变压器节点的集合;
本发明的特点及有益效果在于:
本发明将精确计算配电网可靠性指标作为约束纳入配电网规划模型中,通过求解该模型直接得到满足可靠性指标的规划方案,避免了传统配电网规划的迭代计算,减少计算时间,保证了规划方案的最优性。
本发明提出的一种考虑可靠性约束的配电网规划方法,下面结合具体实施例进一步详细说明如下。
本发明提出的一种考虑可靠性约束的配电网规划方法,包括以下步骤:
1)构建考虑可靠性约束的配电网规划模型,该模型由目标函数和约束条件构成;具体如下:
1-1)确定模型的目标函数;
该模型的目标函数为最小化配电网投资成本,如式(69)所示:
其中C
I为配电网投资成本,
为类型a导线的成本,
为支路ij是否新建类型a的导线(
为新建,
为不新建),Υ表示所有支路的集合,Λ
B为所有导线类型的集合,
为类型a变压器的成本,
为变压器节点f是否安装类型a的变压器(
为新建,
为不新建),Ψ
F表示所有变压器节点的集合,Λ
T为所有变压器类型的集合,
为s节点新建变电站的成本,u
s∈{0,1}为s节点是否新建变电站(u
s=1为新建,u
s=0为不新建),Ψ
SS表示所有变电站节点的集合。
2)确定模型的约束条件包;具体如下:
2-1)配电网功率平衡约束,如式(70)-(71)所示:
其中
表示在支路xy发生故障时(如果xy=0,则表示支路xy正常运行状态时)i节点的负荷,
表示在支路xy发生故障时(如果xy=0,则表示支路xy正常运行状态时)支路ij上由j节点流向i节点的功率,Ψ
i表示与i节点直接相连的支路集合,Ψ
LN表示负荷 节点集合。
2-2)支路功率约束,如式(72)-(73)所示:
其中,M为给定任意取值较大的数(需要大于配电网所有线路中最大容量
的值,本实例中取为1000000000),
表示在支路xy发生故障时(如果xy=0,则表示支路xy正常运行状态时)支路ij上开关的状态(
表示开关闭合,
表示开关打开),
表示支路ij额定容量。
2-3)变压器功率约束,如式(74)-(75)所示:
其中,
为在支路xy发生故障时(如果xy=0,则表示支路xy正常运行状态时)变压器f的功率,
为在支路xy发生故障时(如果xy=0,则表示支路xy正常运行状态时)连接变压器的支路tr
f由变压器节点流向下游节点的功率。
2-4)配电网辐射状运行约束,如式(76)-(84)所示:
其中,
为在支路xy发生故障时(如果xy=0,则表示支路xy正常运行状态时)i节点关于变压器f的从属标志(
则i节点由变压器f供电,
则i节点不由变压器f供电),
为在支路xy发生故障时(如果xy=0,则表示支路xy正常运行状态 时)支路ij关于变压器f的从属标志(
则支路ij由变压器f供电,
则支路ij不由变压器f供电),
为在支路xy发生故障时(如果xy=0,则表示支路xy正常运行状态时)i节点是否被供电的标志(
表示被供电,
表示不被供电)。
2-5)故障约束,如式(85)-(88)所示:
2-6)可靠性指标计算约束,如式(89)-(94)所示:
其中CID
i表示i节点的用户中断持续时间,λ
xy表示支路xy(如果xy=tr
f,f∈Ψ
F时表示变压器f)的年故障率,
表示支路xy(如果xy=tr
f,f∈Ψ
F时表示变压器f)的故障开关动作中断时间(具体为从故障发生后到故障支路开关动作的时间),
表示支路xy(如果xy=tr
f,f∈Ψ
F时表示变压器f)的故障修复中断时间(具体为从故障发生后到故障修复的时间),CIF
i表示i节点的用户中断频率,NC
i为给定的i节点的用户数量,SAIDI表示系统年平均中断频率指数,SAIFI为系统年平均中断持续时间指数,ASAI为系统平均供电指数,EENS为期望失负荷能量,B为所有负荷水平的集合,Δ
h为负荷水平h的年持续小时数,μ
h≤1为负荷水平h的峰值负荷比,L
i表示i节点的峰值负荷。
2-7)可靠性指标约束,如式(95)-(96)所示:
SAIDI≤ε(62)
其中ε
i表示i节点的用户中断持续时间要求(通常为5分钟至3小时),ε表示系统年平均中断持续时间要求(通常为5分钟至3小时)。
2-8)投资逻辑约束,如式(97)-(102)所示:
其中,l
ij∈{0,1}表示支路ij是否有线路(l
ij=1为有,l
ij=0为无),
为为类型a导线的额定容量,o
f∈{0,1}表示变压器f节点是否有变压器(o
f=1为有,o
f=0为无),
为类型a变压器的额定容量,
为属于s节点变电站的变压器节点的集合。
Claims (1)
- 一种考虑可靠性约束的配电网规划方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:1)构建考虑可靠性约束的配电网规划模型,该模型由目标函数和约束条件构成;具体如下:1-1)确定模型的目标函数;该模型的目标函数为最小化配电网投资成本,如式(35)所示:其中,C I为配电网投资成本, 为类型a导线的成本, 为支路ij是否新建类型a的导线, 为新建, 为不新建,Υ表示所有支路的集合,Λ B为所有导线类型的集合, 为类型a变压器的成本, 为变压器节点f是否安装类型a的变压器, 为新建, 为不新建,Ψ F表示所有变压器节点的集合,Λ T为所有变压器类型的集合, 为s节点新建变电站的成本,u s∈{0,1}为s节点是否新建变电站,u s=1为新建,u s=0为不新建,Ψ SS表示所有变电站节点的集合;2)确定模型的约束条件包;具体如下:2-1)配电网功率平衡约束,如式(36)-(37)所示:其中, 表示在支路xy发生故障时i节点的负荷;如果xy=0,则表示支路xy为正常运行状态; 表示在支路xy发生故障时支路ij上由j节点流向i节点的功率,Ψ i表示与i节点直接相连的支路集合,Ψ LN表示负荷节点集合;2-2)支路功率约束,如式(38)-(39)所示:2-3)变压器功率约束,如式(40)-(41)所示:2-4)配电网辐射状运行约束,如式(42)-(50)所示:其中,F i f,xy为在支路xy发生故障时i节点关于变压器f的从属标志,F i f,xy=1则i节点由变压器f供电,F i f,xy=0则i节点不由变压器f供电, 为在支路xy发生故障时支路ij关于变压器f的从属标志, 则支路ij由变压器f供电, 则支路ij不由变压器f供电, 为在支路xy发生故障时i节点是否被供电的标志, 表示被供电, 表示不被供电;2-5)故障约束,如式(51)-(54)所示:2-6)可靠性指标计算约束,如式(55)-(60)所示:其中,CID i表示i节点的用户中断持续时间,λ xy表示支路xy的年故障率, 表示支路xy的故障开关动作中断时间, 表示支路xy的故障修复中断时间,CIF i表示i节点的用户中断频率,NC i为给定的i节点的用户数量,SAIDI表示系统年平均中断频率指数,SAIFI为系统年平均中断持续时间指数,ASAI为系统平均供电指数,EENS为期望失负荷能量,B为所有负荷水平的集合,Δ h为负荷水平h的年持续小时数,μ h≤1为负荷水平h的峰值负荷比,L i表示i节点的峰值负荷;2-7)可靠性指标约束,如式(61)-(62)所示:SAIDI≤ε(96)其中,ε i表示i节点的用户中断持续时间要求,ε表示系统年平均中断持续时间要求;2-8)投资逻辑约束,如式(63)-(68)所示:其中,l ij∈{0,1}表示支路ij是否有线路,l ij=1为有,l ij=0为无, 为为类型a导线的额定容量,o f∈{0,1}表示变压器f节点是否有变压器,o f=1为有,o f=0为无, 为 类型a变压器的额定容量, 为属于s节点变电站的变压器节点的集合;
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