WO2020228461A1 - 二次电池 - Google Patents

二次电池 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020228461A1
WO2020228461A1 PCT/CN2020/084445 CN2020084445W WO2020228461A1 WO 2020228461 A1 WO2020228461 A1 WO 2020228461A1 CN 2020084445 W CN2020084445 W CN 2020084445W WO 2020228461 A1 WO2020228461 A1 WO 2020228461A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
main body
secondary battery
electrode
support
sealing ring
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/084445
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈柏松
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority to JP2021557725A priority Critical patent/JP7239733B2/ja
Priority to KR1020217034234A priority patent/KR20210143851A/ko
Publication of WO2020228461A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020228461A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H01M50/148—Lids or covers characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/15—Lids or covers characterised by their shape for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/172—Arrangements of electric connectors penetrating the casing
    • H01M50/174—Arrangements of electric connectors penetrating the casing adapted for the shape of the cells
    • H01M50/176—Arrangements of electric connectors penetrating the casing adapted for the shape of the cells for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/183—Sealing members
    • H01M50/186—Sealing members characterised by the disposition of the sealing members
    • H01M50/188—Sealing members characterised by the disposition of the sealing members the sealing members being arranged between the lid and terminal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/574—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/584—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries
    • H01M50/586—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries inside the batteries, e.g. incorrect connections of electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/584—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries
    • H01M50/59—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries characterised by the protection means
    • H01M50/593—Spacers; Insulating plates
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • This application relates to the technical field of secondary batteries, in particular to a secondary battery.
  • Lithium ion secondary batteries have been widely used in hybrid vehicles and electric vehicles. This is due to its advantages such as high energy, high capacity and high power.
  • the secondary battery includes a top cover plate, an electrode terminal arranged on one side of the top cover plate, a lower insulating member connected to the top cover plate, and a current collector connected to the electrode terminal. In actual use, it is found that the battery will present safety risks such as fire and explosion.
  • the present application provides a secondary battery, which can limit the lower insulating member through a support member, and effectively prevent the lower insulating member from moving downward.
  • the embodiment of the application proposes a secondary battery, which includes:
  • the top cover plate, the top cover plate has an electrode lead-out hole; the electrode terminal, the electrode terminal covers the electrode lead-out hole; the sealing ring is arranged between the top cover plate and the electrode terminal; the lower insulator has a base part and a protruding part connected to each other , The base part is located on the lower side of the top cover plate, the thickness of the base part is 0.01mm to 10cm, the protruding part is at least partly arranged in the electrode lead-out hole; the current collector has a main part and an extension part connected to each other, the main part is located in the base Below the part, the extension part extends into the electrode lead-out hole and is connected with the electrode terminal; the supporting part is arranged between the main body part and the base body part.
  • the support member is spaced apart from the extension part along the radial direction of the electrode lead-out hole, and/or along the radial direction of the electrode lead-out hole, the outer peripheral surface of the main body part away from the extension part extends beyond the support part.
  • the outer peripheral surface of the part is spaced apart from the extension part along the radial direction of the electrode lead-out hole, and/or along the radial direction of the electrode lead-out hole, the outer peripheral surface of the main body part away from the extension part extends beyond the support part.
  • the secondary battery further includes an electrode assembly.
  • the electrode assembly has tabs connected to the main body, and the main body and the tabs form a connection area.
  • the support is connected to the Area interval setting.
  • the main body has a fuse structure
  • the secondary battery further includes a plastic part sleeved outside the fuse structure; the part of the plastic part disposed between the main body and the base part is along the axis of the electrode lead-out hole
  • the axial thickness is less than or equal to the axial thickness of the support.
  • a receiving portion is provided on the side of the main body part facing away from the top cover plate, and the tabs are housed in the receiving portion and connected to the main body portion.
  • the support and the main body are an integral structure, or the support and the base are an integral structure.
  • the supporting member and the main body portion or the base body portion have a separate structure.
  • the support is an elastic structure, and along the axial direction of the electrode extraction hole, the thickness of the support in a free state is greater than or equal to the distance between the main body and the base.
  • the stiffness of the support is less than the stiffness of the sealing ring.
  • the sealing ring is at least partially disposed between the protrusion and the electrode terminal, and the projections of the sealing ring, the protrusion and the support at least partially overlap in the axial direction of the electrode extraction hole,
  • the protruding part is hermetically connected with the sealing ring.
  • the protruding portion has an inclined surface facing the sealing ring, and the sealing ring contacts and seals with the inclined surface.
  • the compression of the part of the sealing ring between the inclined surface and the electrode terminal is 5%. To 60%.
  • the supporting member since the supporting member is provided between the main body portion of the current collecting member and the base portion of the lower insulating member, the supporting member can limit the base portion, thereby restricting the entire lower insulating member. Limiting is performed to effectively prevent the lower insulator from moving down in the axial direction and deviating from the initial position, thereby improving the safety of the secondary battery.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a partial exploded structure of a secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 4 is an enlarged view of A in Figure 3;
  • Figure 5 is an enlarged view of B in Figure 4.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 7 is an enlarged view of C in Figure 6;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a secondary battery according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a secondary battery according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • Electrode assembly 121, tab;
  • Top cover assembly 131, top cover plate; 131a, electrode lead-out hole; 132, electrode terminal; 133, sealing ring; 134, lower insulator; 134a, base part; 134b, protruding part; 134c, through hole; 134d. Inclined surface;
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense unless otherwise clearly specified and limited. For example, they may be fixed connections or alternatively. Disassembly connection, or integral connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meaning of the above-mentioned terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.
  • the present application improves the secondary battery in order to improve the safety of the secondary battery.
  • the secondary battery 10 of the embodiment of the present application includes a casing 11, an electrode assembly 12 arranged in the casing 11, and a top cover assembly 13 sealedly connected with the casing 11.
  • the housing 11 of this embodiment has a square structure with five faces or other shapes.
  • the case 11 has an internal space that contains the electrode assembly 12 and the electrolyte.
  • the housing 11 may be made of materials such as aluminum, aluminum alloy, or plastic.
  • the electrode assembly 12 of this embodiment can form a main body by spirally winding the first pole piece, the second pole piece and the diaphragm together around the winding axis, wherein the diaphragm is between the first pole piece and the second pole piece The insulator.
  • the electrode assembly 12 of this embodiment is a flat structure as a whole, which has a predetermined thickness, height, and width.
  • the first pole piece is used as a positive electrode piece and the second pole piece is a negative electrode piece for illustration.
  • the first pole piece may also be a negative pole piece
  • the second pole piece may be a positive pole piece.
  • the positive sheet active material is coated on the coating area of the positive sheet
  • the negative sheet active material is coated on the coating area of the negative sheet.
  • the uncoated area extending from the coated area of the main body is used as the tab 121.
  • the electrode assembly 12 includes two tabs 121, namely, a positive electrode tab and a negative electrode tab.
  • the positive tab extends from the coating area of the positive plate, and the negative tab Extend from the coated area of the negative plate.
  • the top cover assembly 13 of the embodiment of the present application includes a top cover plate 131, an electrode terminal 132, a sealing ring 133 and a lower insulator 134.
  • the top cover 131 is connected to the housing 11 in a sealed manner, so as to enclose the electrode assembly 12 in the housing 11.
  • the top cover 131 has electrode extraction holes 131a.
  • the electrode terminal 132 covers the electrode extraction hole 131a.
  • the electrode terminal 132 is connected to the top cover plate 131.
  • the sealing ring 133 is disposed between the top cover plate 131 and the electrode terminal 132.
  • the electrode terminal 132 and the top cap 131 are sealed by a sealing ring 133.
  • the central hole of the sealing ring 133 is corresponding to the electrode lead-out hole 131a.
  • the lower insulating member 134 has a base portion 134a and a protruding portion 134b.
  • the base portion 134a and the protruding portion 134b are connected to each other.
  • the base portion 134a and the electrode terminal 132 are respectively disposed on both sides of the top cover plate 131, wherein the base portion 134a is located on the lower side of the top cover plate 131, and the electrode terminal 132 is located on the top cover plate 131 On the upper side.
  • the thickness of the base portion 134a is 0.01 mm to 10 cm.
  • the thickness of the base portion 134a is a value measured along the axial direction X of the electrode extraction hole 131a.
  • the thickness of the base portion 134a is less than 0.01 mm, the rigidity of the base portion 134a is too small, and it is prone to structural damage when subjected to external forces, resulting in insulation failure. At the same time, when the thickness is too small, its insulation deviates, making the top cover 131 and the current collector When there is high voltage in the main body, there is a risk of breakdown.
  • the thickness of the base portion 134a is greater than 10 cm, the thickness of the base portion 134a is too large, which will occupy too much installation space inside the secondary battery 10 and reduce the energy density of the secondary battery 10.
  • the protruding portion 134b of the lower insulating member 134 is at least partially disposed in the electrode extraction hole 131a. In one embodiment, the protruding portion 134b and the sealing ring 133 are in contact to seal each other.
  • the secondary battery 10 of the embodiment of the present application further includes a current collecting member 14.
  • the current collector 14 has a main body portion 141 and an extension portion 142 connected to each other.
  • the main body portion 141 is located below the base portion 134a, and the extension portion 142 extends into the electrode extraction hole 131a and is connected to the electrode terminal 132.
  • the electrode terminal 132 is connected to the tab 121 of the electrode assembly 12 through the current collector 14.
  • the lower insulating member 134 has a through hole 134 c extending along the axial direction X of the electrode extraction hole 131 a.
  • the through hole 134c is provided corresponding to the electrode extraction hole 131a.
  • the extension 142 of the current collector 14 passes through the through hole 134c and then extends into the electrode extraction hole 131a to be connected to the electrode terminal 132.
  • the through hole 134c penetrates the base portion 134a and the protruding portion 134b.
  • the secondary battery 10 of the embodiment of the present application further includes a support 15.
  • the support 15 is provided between the main body 141 and the base 134a. After the current collector 14 and the electrode terminal 132 are connected and fixed, the support 15 can compensate for the gap between the main body portion 141 and the base portion 134a.
  • the supporting member 15 can support the lower insulator 134 to limit the lower insulator 134 and prevent the lower insulator 134 from moving down and deviating from the initial position .
  • the secondary battery 10 of the embodiment of the present application includes a top cover assembly 13, a current collector 14 and a support 15. Since the supporting member 15 is disposed between the main body portion 141 of the current collecting member 14 and the base portion 134a of the lower insulating member 134, the supporting member 15 can limit the base portion 134a, thereby restricting the entire lower insulating member 134. In order to effectively prevent the lower insulator 134 from moving down in the axial direction X and deviating from the initial position, the use safety of the secondary battery 10 is improved.
  • the support 15 and the extension 142 are spaced apart along the radial direction Y of the electrode extraction hole 131a.
  • a recess is formed between the support 15 and the extension 142, so that no positional interference occurs between the support 15 and the extension 142.
  • the outer circumferential surface of the main body 141 away from the extension 142 exceeds the outer circumferential surface of the support 15 away from the extension 142, so that a step is formed between the main body 141 and the support 15 ⁇
  • the main body 141 can support the entire support 15 to provide support for the entire support 15 and transfer the support for the lower insulating member 134 through the entire support 15.
  • the support 15 is spaced apart from the extension 142, and the outer peripheral surface of the main body 141 away from the extension 142 exceeds the outer peripheral surface of the support 15 away from the extension 142.
  • a recess is formed between the support 15 and the extension 142.
  • a stepped structure is formed between the main body 141 and the support 15.
  • the support 15 is a ring structure.
  • the support 15 extends in the circumferential direction of the extension portion 142 and is disposed around the extension portion 142.
  • the tab 121 of the electrode assembly 12 is connected to the main body 141 of the current collector 14.
  • the main body 141 and the tab 121 form a connection area.
  • the support 15 is spaced apart from the connection area.
  • the support 15 is located outside the connection area, that is, the projection of the support 15 on the axial direction X of the electrode extraction hole 131a and the projection of the connection area on the axial direction X of the electrode extraction hole 131a do not overlap.
  • a large amount of heat is generated in the connection area between the tab 121 and the main body portion 141, resulting in a higher temperature in the connection area.
  • the support 15 and the connection area are arranged at intervals, which can effectively prevent the heat in the connection area from being transferred to the support 15 and cause the temperature of the support 15 to rise, thereby helping to reduce the possibility of structural damage to the support 15 due to heat, and to improve the support 15 life span.
  • the main body 141 and the tab 121 form a connection area by welding.
  • the main body 141 has a fuse structure.
  • the fusing structure may be fused, thereby disconnecting the tab 121 and the electrode terminal 132.
  • the main body portion 141 has a gap, and a portion corresponding to the gap forms a fuse structure with a small flow area.
  • the secondary battery 10 further includes a plastic member 143 sheathed outside the fuse structure. Along the axial direction X of the electrode extraction hole 131a, the upper surface of the support 15 contacts the base portion 134a, and the lower surface contacts the main body portion 141.
  • the thickness of the part of the plastic part 143 provided between the main body part 141 and the base part 134a along the axial direction X of the electrode extraction hole 131a is smaller than the thickness of the support 15 along the axial direction X of the electrode extraction hole 131a, or
  • the thickness of the part of the plastic part 143 disposed between the main body part 141 and the base part 134a along the axial direction X of the electrode lead-out hole 131a is equal to the thickness of the support part 15 along the axial direction X of the electrode lead-out hole 131a.
  • the thickness of 143 is too thick to cause the plastic part 143 to contact the base part 134a, and the support part 15 cannot contact the base part 134a.
  • a receiving portion 141 a is provided on the side of the main body 141 facing away from the top cover 131.
  • the tab 121 is accommodated in the accommodating portion 141a and connected to the main body 141, thereby helping to improve the compactness of the tab 121 and the main body 141 in the axial direction X of the electrode lead-out hole 131a, thereby helping to improve the secondary battery 10.
  • the energy density In one example, a part of the main body portion 141 protrudes from the downward insulating member 134 to form the aforementioned receiving portion 141a.
  • the part of the tab 121 below the main body portion 141 and extending into the receiving portion 141 a is connected to the main body portion 141.
  • the support 15 and the main body 141 are of a split structure, or the support 15 and the base 134a are of a split structure.
  • the supporting member 15 is a separate structural member.
  • the support 15 can be manufactured separately.
  • the support 15 and the main body portion 141, and the support 15 and the base portion 134a are connected by bonding.
  • the support 15 is an elastic structure.
  • the thickness of the support 15 in the free state is greater than or equal to the distance D between the main body 141 and the base 134a.
  • the main body of the current collector 14 After the extension portion 142 of the current collector 14 and the electrode terminal 132 are connected and fixed, the main body of the current collector 14 The portion 141 and the base portion 134a of the lower insulating member 134 will co-press the support 15 so that the support 15 is compressed to absorb the compression stress of the main portion 141 and the base portion 134a.
  • the supporting member 15 can be in close contact with the lower insulating member 134 under the action of the elastic restoring force, thereby providing effective support for the lower insulating member 134, and the elastic restoring force of the supporting member 15 can act on the lower insulating member 134, effectively
  • the lower insulator 134 is prevented from moving down;
  • the main body 141 of the current collector 14 can compress the support 15 so that the support 15 will not contact the main body
  • the part 141 forms interference to ensure that the extension part 142 can be in close contact with the electrode terminal 132, which is beneficial to improve the welding reliability of the extension part 142 and the electrode terminal 132, and reduces the obstruction of the main body part 141 of the current collector 14 by the support part 15, so that The extension portion 142 and the electrode terminal 132 are in poor contact, and there is a possibility of virtual welding.
  • the thickness of the support 15 in the free state is equal to the distance D between the main body portion 141 and the base portion 134a
  • the main body portion 141 and the base portion All 134a can contact the support 15.
  • neither the main body 141 nor the base 134a applies compressive stress to the support 15.
  • the lower insulating member 134 moves downward, the lower insulating member 134 can compress the supporting member 15 so that the supporting member 15 accumulates an elastic restoring force.
  • the elastic restoring force of the supporting member 15 can react against the lower insulating member 134 to push the lower insulating member 134 back to the initial position.
  • the main body 141 can contact the support 15 but does not apply compressive stress to the support 15, so that the support 15 will not interfere with the main 141
  • the rigidity of the support 15 is less than the rigidity of the sealing ring 133.
  • the deformability of the support 15 is greater than that of the seal ring 133.
  • the supporting member 15 and the sealing ring 133 are subjected to external forces of the same magnitude and direction, the supporting member 15 is more easily deformed relative to the sealing ring 133.
  • the main body 141 of the current collector 14 can press the support 15 to deform the support 15, thereby reducing the formation of the main body 141 caused by the support 15
  • the extension part 142 is difficult to maintain good contact with the electrode terminal 132 due to obstruction, and it is also beneficial to reduce the stress acting on the connection between the extension part 142 and the electrode terminal 132 to make the extension part 142 and the electrode terminal 132 separate, thereby improving
  • the extension 142 and the electrode terminal 132 are connected with reliability and stability.
  • the support 15 is a spring.
  • the stiffness coefficient of the spring is smaller than the product of the elastic modulus of the sealing ring 133 and the cross-sectional area (here the cross-sectional area refers to the cross-sectional area of the part of the sealing ring 133 between the protrusion 134b and the electrode terminal 132), So that the rigidity of the support 15 is less than the rigidity of the sealing ring 133.
  • the material of the support 15 itself is rubber.
  • the material of the sealing ring 133 is rubber.
  • the hardness of the supporting member 15 is less than the hardness of the sealing ring 133 so that the rigidity of the supporting member 15 is less than the rigidity of the sealing ring 133.
  • the support 15 has a ring structure.
  • the extension 142 of the collector 14 passes through the central hole of the support 15.
  • the supporting member 15 and the main body 141 are an integral structure.
  • the supporting member 15 and the main body 141 can be manufactured and formed at the same time, which reduces the processing steps and reduces the processing cost.
  • the overall connection strength of the supporting member 15 and the main body portion 141 is high, so that the supporting member 15 will not be displaced relative to the main body portion 141.
  • the supporting member 15 and the base portion 134a are an integral structure.
  • the support 15 and the base portion 134a can be processed and formed at the same time, which reduces the processing steps and reduces the processing cost.
  • the support 15 and the base portion 134a can be manufactured by an integral injection molding process.
  • the overall connection strength of the support 15 and the base portion 134a is high, so that the support 15 will not be shifted relative to the base portion 134a.
  • the sealing ring 133 is at least partially disposed between the protruding portion 134 b and the electrode terminal 132.
  • the projections of the sealing ring 133, the protrusion 134b and the support 15 at least partially overlap.
  • the supporting member 15 After the current collecting member 14 is connected to the electrode terminal 132, the supporting member 15 provides supporting force for the lower insulator 134 along the axial direction X, and then provides supporting force to the sealing ring 133 through the lower insulator 134, so that the lower insulator 134
  • the protruding portion 134 b and the electrode terminal 132 co-press the part of the sealing ring 133 between the protruding portion 134 b and the electrode terminal 132.
  • the protruding portion 134b is connected to the sealing ring 133 in a sealing manner, thereby forming a sealed interface therebetween.
  • the supporting member 15 can prevent the lower insulating member 134 from moving downward, there is no gap between the protruding portion 134b of the lower insulating member 134 and the sealing ring 133, thereby ensuring a good seal between the two.
  • the possibility of a direct electrical gap between the top cover plate 131 and the electrode terminal 132 or between the top cover plate 131 and the extension 142 of the current collector 14 is reduced, and the gap between the top cover plate 131 and the electrode terminal 132 is reduced.
  • the electrolyte cannot enter the sealed interface formed between the protruding portion 134b and the sealing ring 133, which reduces the accumulation of excessive electrolyte between the protruding portion 134b and the sealing ring 133, resulting in the top cover 131 and the electrode terminals.
  • the resistance between 132 may be reduced, thereby reducing the risk of breakdown between the top plate 131 and the electrode terminal 132 when the secondary battery 10 is subjected to high voltage, and improving the safety of the secondary battery 10 during use.
  • the protrusion 134b has an end plane facing the sealing ring 133.
  • the end plane of the protrusion 134b contacts and seals with the sealing ring 133.
  • the protruding portion 134 b has an inclined surface 134 d facing the sealing ring 133.
  • the sealing ring 133 contacts and seals with the inclined surface 134d.
  • the compression amount of the sealing ring 133 between the inclined surface 134d and the electrode terminal 132 is 5% to 60%.
  • the amount of compression refers to the ratio of the total thickness of the compressed portion of the seal ring 133 in the compressed state to the total thickness in the free state, converted into a percentage.
  • the protrusion 134b and the sealing ring 133 are interference fit.
  • the protruding part 134b can simultaneously apply forces in the axial direction X and the radial direction Y to the sealing ring 133, so that the contact between the protruding part 134b and the sealing ring 133 is closer and more reliable, and the sealing reliability of the two is further improved and reduced There is a risk of electrical clearance between the protrusion 134b and the sealing ring 133, and at the same time, the possibility of accumulating electrolyte on the creepage path between the protrusion 134b and the sealing ring 133 is effectively reduced.
  • the inclined surface 134d may face away from or toward the axis of the electrode extraction hole 131a.
  • the elastic restoring force will be transmitted to the current collecting member 14 through the protruding portion 134b and the supporting member 15 in turn, and finally causing the current collecting member 14 to receive a greater stress away from the electrode terminal 132, thereby increasing the extension 142 and the current collecting member 14
  • the electrode terminal 132 may be out of the connected state.
  • the compression of the portion of the sealing ring 133 between the inclined surface 134d and the electrode terminal 132 is 5% to 30%.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
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Abstract

一种二次电池（10），其包括：顶盖板（131），顶盖板（131）具有电极引出孔（131a）；电极端子（132），电极端子（132）覆盖电极引出孔（131a）；密封圈（133），设置于顶盖板（131）与电极端子（132）之间；下绝缘件（134），具有彼此连接的基体部（134a）和凸出部（134b），基体部（134a）位于顶盖板（131）下侧，基体部（134a）的厚度为0.01mm至10cm，凸出部（134b）至少部分地设置于电极引出孔（131a）；集流件（14），具有彼此连接的主体部（141）和延伸部（142），主体部（141）位于基体部（134a）下方，延伸部（142）伸入电极引出孔（131a）中并与电极端子（132）相连接；支承件（15），设置于主体部（141）和基体部（134a）之间。二次电池（10）能够通过支承件（15）对下绝缘件（134）形成限位，有效阻止下绝缘件（134）发生下移。

Description

二次电池
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求享有于2019年05月13日提交的名称为“二次电池”的中国专利申请201920680459.9的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用并入本文中。
技术领域
本申请涉及二次电池技术领域，特别是涉及一种二次电池。
背景技术
锂离子二次电池已被广泛应用于混合动力汽车和电动汽车领域。这是由于其具有高能量、高容量及高功率等优点。二次电池包括顶盖板、设置于顶盖板一侧的电极端子、连接于顶盖板的下绝缘件和连接于电极端子的集流件。在实际使用过程中发现，电池会出现起火，爆炸等安全风险。
发明内容
本申请提供一种二次电池，能够通过支承件对下绝缘件形成限位，有效阻止下绝缘件发生下移。
本申请实施例提出了一种二次电池，其包括：
顶盖板，顶盖板具有电极引出孔；电极端子，电极端子覆盖电极引出孔；密封圈，设置于顶盖板与电极端子之间；下绝缘件，具有彼此连接的基体部和凸出部，基体部位于顶盖板下侧，基体部的厚度为0.01mm至10cm，凸出部至少部分地设置于电极引出孔；集流件，具有彼此连接的主体部和延伸部，主体部位于基体部下方，延伸部伸入电极引出孔中并与电极端子相连接；支承件，设置于主体部和基体部之间。
根据本申请实施例的一个方面，沿电极引出孔的径向，支承件与延伸 部间隔设置，和/或，沿电极引出孔的径向，主体部远离延伸部的外周面超过支承件远离延伸部的外周面。
根据本申请实施例的一个方面，二次电池还包括电极组件，电极组件具有与主体部相连接的极耳，主体部和极耳形成连接区域；沿电极引出孔的径向，支承件与连接区域间隔设置。
根据本申请实施例的一个方面，主体部具有熔断结构，二次电池还包括套设于熔断结构外部的塑胶件；塑胶件上设置于主体部和基体部之间的部分沿电极引出孔的轴向的厚度小于或等于支承件沿轴向的厚度。
根据本申请实施例的一个方面，主体部背向顶盖板的一侧设置容纳部，极耳收纳于容纳部并与主体部相连接。
根据本申请实施例的一个方面，支承件与主体部为一体式结构，或者，支承件与基体部为一体式结构。
根据本申请实施例的一个方面，支承件与主体部或基体部为分体式结构。
根据本申请实施例的一个方面，支承件为弹性结构体，沿电极引出孔的轴向，支承件的自由状态下的厚度大于或等于主体部和基体部之间的间距。
根据本申请实施例的一个方面，支承件的刚度小于密封圈的刚度。
根据本申请实施例的一个方面，密封圈至少部分地设置于凸出部与电极端子之间，在电极引出孔的轴向上，密封圈、凸出部和支承件的投影至少部分地重叠，凸出部与密封圈密封连接。
根据本申请实施例的一个方面，凸出部具有朝向密封圈的倾斜面，密封圈与倾斜面接触密封，沿轴向，密封圈位于倾斜面与电极端子之间的部分的压缩量为5％至60％。
根据本申请实施例的二次电池，由于支承件设置于集流件的主体部和下绝缘件的基体部之间，因此支承件能够对基体部起到限位作用，从而对整个下绝缘件进行限位，以有效阻止下绝缘件沿轴向下移而偏离初始位置，提高二次电池的使用安全性。
附图说明
下面将通过参考附图来描述本申请示例性实施例的特征、优点和技术效果。
图1是本申请一实施例的二次电池的分解结构示意图；
图2是本申请一实施例的二次电池的局部分解结构示意图；
图3是本申请一实施例的二次电池的局部剖视结构示意图；
图4是图3中A处放大图；
图5是图4中B处放大图；
图6是本申请一实施例的二次电池的剖视结构示意图；
图7是图6中C处放大图；
图8是本申请另一实施例的二次电池的局部剖视结构示意图；
图9是本申请又一实施例的二次电池的局部剖视结构示意图。
在附图中，附图并未按照实际的比例绘制。
标记说明：
10、二次电池；
11、壳体；
12、电极组件；121、极耳；
13、顶盖组件；131、顶盖板；131a、电极引出孔；132、电极端子；133、密封圈；134、下绝缘件；134a、基体部；134b、凸出部；134c、贯通孔；134d、倾斜面；
14、集流件；141、主体部；141a、容纳部；142、延伸部；143、塑胶件；
15、支承件；
X、轴向；
Y、径向。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本申请的实施方式作进一步详细描述。以下实施例的详细描述和附图用于示例性地说明本申请的原理，但不能用来限 制本申请的范围，即本申请不限于所描述的实施例。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个以上；术语“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”等仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
在本申请的描述中，还需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可视具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
发明人发现，现有技术中，集流件上位于下绝缘件下方的部分与下绝缘件之间具有间隙，从而存在下绝缘件下移脱离初始位置的风险，影响二次电池使用安全性。
基于上述问题，本申请为了提高二次电池的安全性，对二次电池进行了改进。
为了更好地理解本申请，下面结合图1至图9对本申请实施例进行描述。
参见图1所示，本申请实施例的二次电池10包括壳体11、设置于壳体11内的电极组件12以及与壳体11密封连接的顶盖组件13。
本实施例的壳体11为具有五个面的方形结构或其他形状。壳体11具有容纳电极组件12和电解液的内部空间。壳体11可以由例如铝、铝合金或塑料等材料制造。
本实施例的电极组件12可通过将第一极片、第二极片以及隔膜一同围绕卷绕轴线螺旋卷绕而形成主体，其中，隔膜是介于第一极片和第二极片之间的绝缘体。本实施例的电极组件12整体为扁平状结构，其具有预定的厚度、高度和宽度。在本实施例中，示例性地以第一极片为正极片，第二极片为负极片进行说明。同样地，在其他的实施例中，第一极片还可 以为负极片，而第二极片为正极片。另外，正极片活性物质被涂覆在正极片的涂覆区上，而负极片活性物质被涂覆到负极片的涂覆区上。由主体的涂覆区延伸出的未涂覆区则作为极耳121，电极组件12包括两个极耳121，即正极耳和负极耳，正极耳从正极片的涂覆区延伸出，负极耳从负极片的涂覆区延伸出。
参见图2所示，本申请实施例的顶盖组件13包括顶盖板131、电极端子132、密封圈133和下绝缘件134。顶盖板131与壳体11密封连接，以将电极组件12封闭于壳体11内。顶盖板131具有电极引出孔131a。电极端子132覆盖电极引出孔131a。电极端子132与顶盖板131相连接。密封圈133设置于顶盖板131与电极端子132之间。通过密封圈133密封电极端子132和顶盖板131。密封圈133的中心孔与电极引出孔131a相对应设置。下绝缘件134具有基体部134a和凸出部134b。基体部134a和凸出部134b彼此连接。沿电极引出孔131a的轴向X，基体部134a和电极端子132分别设置于顶盖板131的两侧，其中，基体部134a位于顶盖板131下侧，而电极端子132位于顶盖板131的上侧。在一个实施例中，基体部134a的厚度为0.01mm至10cm。基体部134a的厚度是沿电极引出孔131a的轴向X测量的数值。基体部134a的厚度小于0.01mm时，基体部134a的刚度偏小，受到外力时易于发生结构性损坏而导致绝缘失效，同时厚度偏小时自身绝缘性偏差，使得顶盖板131和集流件的主体部存在高压时，自身存在被击穿的风险。基体部134a的厚度大于10cm时，基体部134a的厚度偏大，会过多占用二次电池10内部的安装空间，降低二次电池10的能量密度。下绝缘件134的凸出部134b至少部分地设置于电极引出孔131a。在一个实施例中，凸出部134b与密封圈133相接触以实现彼此密封。
参见图2至图4所示，本申请实施例的二次电池10还包括集流件14。集流件14具有彼此连接的主体部141和延伸部142，其中，主体部141位于基体部134a下方，而延伸部142伸入电极引出孔131a中并与电极端子132相连接。电极端子132通过集流件14与电极组件12的极耳121相连接。
在一个实施例中，参见图2所示，下绝缘件134具有沿电极引出孔131a的轴向X延伸的贯通孔134c。贯通孔134c与电极引出孔131a相对应设置。集流件14的延伸部142穿过贯通孔134c再伸入电极引出孔131a中与电极端子132相连接。贯通孔134c贯穿基体部134a和凸出部134b。
参见图5所示，本申请实施例的二次电池10还包括支承件15。支承件15设置于主体部141和基体部134a之间。在集流件14与电极端子132连接固定后，支承件15能够补偿主体部141和基体部134a之间的间隙。当下绝缘件134沿轴向X具有下移趋势或发生下移时，支承件15能够承托下绝缘件134以对下绝缘件134形成限位，阻止下绝缘件134发生下移而偏离初始位置。
本申请实施例的二次电池10包括顶盖组件13、集流件14和支承件15。由于支承件15设置于集流件14的主体部141和下绝缘件134的基体部134a之间，因此支承件15能够对基体部134a起到限位作用，从而对整个下绝缘件134进行限位，以有效阻止下绝缘件134沿轴向X下移而偏离初始位置，提高二次电池10的使用安全性。
在一个实施例中，沿电极引出孔131a的径向Y，支承件15与延伸部142间隔设置。支承件15与延伸部142之间形成凹部，从而支承件15与延伸部142之间不会出现位置干涉。
在一个实施例中，沿电极引出孔131a的径向Y，主体部141远离延伸部142的外周面超过支承件15远离延伸部142的外周面，从而主体部141和支承件15之间形成台阶状结构。主体部141能够对整个支承件15起到承托作用，以为整个支承件15提供支承力，并通过整个支承件15为下绝缘件134传递支承力。
在一个实施例中，沿电极引出孔131a的径向Y，支承件15与延伸部142间隔设置，并且主体部141远离延伸部142的外周面超过支承件15远离延伸部142的外周面。沿电极引出孔131a的径向Y，支承件15与延伸部142之间形成凹部。主体部141和支承件15之间形成台阶状结构。
在一个实施例中，支承件15为环形结构。支承件15沿延伸部142的周向延伸并且环绕延伸部142设置。
在一个实施例中，参见图6和图7所示，电极组件12的极耳121与集流件14的主体部141相连接。主体部141和极耳121形成连接区域。沿电极引出孔131a的径向Y，支承件15与连接区域间隔设置。支承件15位于连接区域之外，也即支承件15在电极引出孔131a的轴向X上的投影和连接区域在电极引出孔131a的轴向X上的投影不出现重叠。二次电池10使用过程中，极耳121和主体部141的连接区域会产生大量热量而导致连接区域温度较高。支承件15与连接区域间隔设置的方式，可以有效阻止连接区域的热量传导至支承件15而导致支承件15温度升高，从而有利于降低支承件15受热出现结构损坏的可能性，提高支承件15的使用寿命。在一个示例中，主体部141和极耳121通过焊接方式形成连接区域。
在一个实施例中，参见图2和图7所示，主体部141具有熔断结构。在二次电池10使用过程中出现异常时，熔断结构可以被熔断，从而断开极耳121和电极端子132的连接。在一个示例中，主体部141具有缺口，而与缺口相对应的部分形成过流面积较小的熔断结构。二次电池10还包括套设于熔断结构外部的塑胶件143。沿电极引出孔131a的轴向X，支承件15的上表面与基体部134a接触，下表面与主体部141接触。在一个示例中，塑胶件143上设置于主体部141和基体部134a之间的部分沿电极引出孔131a的轴向X的厚度小于支承件15沿电极引出孔131a的轴向X的厚度，或者，塑胶件143上设置于主体部141和基体部134a之间的部分沿电极引出孔131a的轴向X的厚度等于支承件15沿电极引出孔131a的轴向X的厚度，从而降低因塑胶件143厚度过厚而导致塑胶件143和基体部134a发生接触而支承件15不能接触基体部134a的可能性。
在一个实施例中，参见图7所示，主体部141背向顶盖板131的一侧设置容纳部141a。极耳121收纳于容纳部141a并与主体部141相连接，从而有利于提高极耳121和主体部141在电极引出孔131a的轴向X上的结构紧凑性，进而有利于提高二次电池10的能量密度。在一个示例中，主体部141的一部分向下绝缘件134凸出以形成上述容纳部141a。极耳121在主体部141的下方并且伸入容纳部141a内的部分与主体部141相连接。
在一个实施例中，参见图4和图5所示，支承件15与主体部141为分体式结构，或者，支承件15与基体部134a为分体式结构。支承件15为单独设置的结构件。支承件15可以被单独加工制造。可选地，支承件15与主体部141、支承件15与基体部134a通过粘接方式连接。
在一个示例中，参见图5所示，支承件15为弹性结构体。沿电极引出孔131a的轴向X，支承件15的自由状态下的厚度大于或等于主体部141和基体部134a之间的间距D。在支承件15的自由状态下的厚度大于主体部141和基体部134a之间的间距D的实施例中，集流件14的延伸部142和电极端子132连接固定后，集流件14的主体部141和下绝缘件134的基体部134a会共同挤压支承件15，从而支承件15被压缩以吸收主体部141和基体部134a的挤压应力。这样，一方面，支承件15在弹性回复力作用下能够与下绝缘件134紧密接触，从而为下绝缘件134提供有效支承，并且支承件15的弹性回复力能够作用于下绝缘件134，有效阻止下绝缘件134下移；另一方面，集流件14的延伸部142和电极端子132连接过程中，集流件14的主体部141可以压缩支承件15，从而支承件15不会与主体部141形成干涉，保证延伸部142能够与电极端子132紧密接触，进而有利于提高延伸部142与电极端子132焊接可靠性，降低集流件14的主体部141因受到支承件15的阻碍，使得延伸部142与电极端子132接触不良而发生虚焊的可能性。在支承件15的自由状态下的厚度等于主体部141和基体部134a之间的间距D的实施例中，集流件14的延伸部142和电极端子132连接固定后，主体部141和基体部134a均能够与支承件15接触。但主体部141和基体部134a均不向支承件15施加压应力。这样，一方面，在下绝缘件134出现下移时，下绝缘件134可以压缩支承件15，以使支承件15蓄积弹性回复力。支承件15的弹性回复力能够反作用于下绝缘件134，以将下绝缘件134推回初始位置。另一方面，集流件14的延伸部142和电极端子132连接过程中，主体部141可以与支承件15接触但不对支承件15施加压应力，从而支承件15不会与主体部141形成干涉，保证延伸部142与电极端子132能够紧密接触，进而有利于提高延伸部142与电极端子132焊接可靠性，降低集流件14的主体部141因 受到支承件15的阻碍，使得延伸部142与电极端子132接触不良而发生虚焊的可能性。进一步地，支承件15的刚度小于密封圈133的刚度。支承件15的变形能力大于密封圈133的变形能力。在支承件15和密封圈133受到大小和方向均相同的外力时，支承件15相对于密封圈133更加易于变形。这样，集流件14的延伸部142与电极端子132连接固定时，集流件14的主体部141可以挤压支承件15以使支承件15变形，从而降低因支承件15对主体部141形成阻碍而导致延伸部142不易与电极端子132保持良好接触的可能性，同时也有利于减小作用于延伸部142与电极端子132连接处以使延伸部142与电极端子132存在分离趋势的应力，提高延伸部142与电极端子132连接可靠性和稳定性。
可选地，支承件15为弹簧。弹簧的劲度系数小于密封圈133的弹性模量和横截面面积(此处横截面积是指密封圈133上位于凸出部134b和电极端子132之间的部分的横截面积)的乘积，以使支承件15的刚度小于密封圈133的刚度。可选地，支承件15自身的材料为橡胶。密封圈133的材料为橡胶。支承件15的硬度小于密封圈133的硬度，以使支承件15的刚度小于密封圈133的刚度。在一个示例中，支承件15为环形结构。集流件14的延伸部142从支承件15的中心孔穿过。
在一个实施例中，参见图8所示，支承件15与主体部141为一体式结构。支承件15与主体部141可以同时加工制造形成，减少加工工序，降低加工成本。同时，支承件15与主体部141整体连接强度高，从而支承件15不会相对于主体部141发生位置偏移。
在一个实施例中，参见图9所示，支承件15与基体部134a为一体式结构。支承件15与基体部134a可以同时加工制造形成，减少加工工序，降低加工成本。在一个示例中，支承件15与基体部134a可以通过一体注塑工艺加工制造。同时，支承件15与基体部134a整体连接强度高，从而支承件15不会相对于基体部134a发生位置偏移。
在一个实施例中，参见图5所示，密封圈133至少部分地设置于凸出部134b与电极端子132之间。在电极引出孔131a的轴向X上，密封圈133、凸出部134b和支承件15的投影至少部分地重叠。集流件14与电极 端子132连接后，通过支承件15为下绝缘件134提供沿轴向X的支承力，再通过下绝缘件134向密封圈133提供支承力，以使下绝缘件134的凸出部134b和电极端子132共同挤压密封圈133上位于凸出部134b和电极端子132之间的部分。在一个示例中，凸出部134b与密封圈133密封连接，从而在两者之间形成密封界面。由于设置支承件15能够阻止下绝缘件134出现下移，因此下绝缘件134的凸出部134b和密封圈133两者之间不易出现间隙，从而保证两者密封良好。这样，一方面，减少顶盖板131与电极端子132或顶盖板131与集流件14的延伸部142之间产生直接的电气间隙的可能，降低顶盖板131与电极端子132之间、顶盖板131与集流件14的延伸部142之间发生击穿情况的风险。另一方面，电解液无法进入凸出部134b与密封圈133之间形成的密封界面内，降低因凸出部134b和密封圈133之间集聚过多电解液而导致顶盖板131和电极端子132之间的电阻变小的可能性，进而减小二次电池10在承受高压时顶盖板131和电极端子132之间发生击穿的风险，提高二次电池10使用过程的安全性。
在一个实施例中，凸出部134b具有朝向密封圈133的端平面。凸出部134b的端平面和密封圈133接触密封。
在一个实施例中，参见图5所示，凸出部134b具有朝向密封圈133的倾斜面134d。密封圈133与倾斜面134d接触密封。沿电极引出孔131a的轴向X，密封圈133位于倾斜面134d与电极端子132之间的部分的压缩量为5％至60％。这里，压缩量指的是密封圈133上被压缩部分在压缩状态下的总厚度与在自由状态下的总厚度的比值转换为百分数后所得的数值。凸出部134b和密封圈133过盈配合。凸出部134b能够向密封圈133同时施加沿轴向X和径向Y的作用力，从而使得凸出部134b和密封圈133之间接触更紧密可靠，进一步提高两者的密封可靠性，减少凸出部134b和密封圈133之间出现电气间隙的风险、同时有效降低凸出部134b和密封圈133之间在爬电路径上的集聚电解液的可能性。在一个示例中，倾斜面134d可以背向或朝向电极引出孔131a的轴线。密封圈133位于倾斜面134d与电极端子132之间的部分的压缩量小于5％时，密封圈133位于倾 斜面134d与电极端子132之间的部分的回弹量偏小，当下绝缘件134出现下移时，存在回弹量小于下绝缘件134下移量而导致凸出部134b和密封圈133之间出现间隙的可能性。密封圈133位于倾斜面134d与电极端子132之间的部分的压缩量大于60％时，密封圈133位于倾斜面134d与电极端子132之间的部分能够释放的弹性回复力偏大。该弹性回复力会依次通过凸出部134b、支承件15传递至集流件14，最终导致集流件14受到较大远离电极端子132的应力作用，进而提高集流件14的延伸部142和电极端子132脱离连接状态的可能性。在一些可选的实施例中，密封圈133位于倾斜面134d与电极端子132之间的部分的压缩量为5％至30％。
虽然已经参考可选实施例对本申请进行了描述，但在不脱离本申请的范围的情况下，可以对其进行各种改进并且可以用等效物替换其中的部件，尤其是，只要不存在结构冲突，各个实施例中所提到的各项技术特征均可以任意方式组合起来。本申请并不局限于文中公开的特定实施例，而是包括落入权利要求的范围内的所有技术方案。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种二次电池，包括：
    顶盖板，所述顶盖板具有电极引出孔；
    电极端子，所述电极端子覆盖所述电极引出孔；
    密封圈，设置于所述顶盖板与所述电极端子之间；
    下绝缘件，具有彼此连接的基体部和凸出部，所述基体部位于所述顶盖板下侧，所述基体部的厚度为0.01mm至10cm，所述凸出部至少部分地设置于所述电极引出孔；
    集流件，具有彼此连接的主体部和延伸部，所述主体部位于所述基体部下方，所述延伸部伸入所述电极引出孔中并与所述电极端子相连接；
    支承件，设置于所述主体部和所述基体部之间。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的二次电池，其中，沿所述电极引出孔的径向，所述支承件与所述延伸部间隔设置，和/或，沿所述电极引出孔的径向，所述主体部远离所述延伸部的外周面超过所述支承件远离所述延伸部的外周面。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的二次电池，其中，所述二次电池还包括电极组件，所述电极组件具有与所述主体部相连接的极耳，所述主体部和所述极耳形成连接区域；沿所述电极引出孔的径向，所述支承件与所述连接区域间隔设置。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3任一项所述的二次电池，其中，所述主体部具有熔断结构，所述二次电池还包括套设于所述熔断结构外部的塑胶件；所述塑胶件上设置于所述主体部和所述基体部之间的部分沿所述电极引出孔的轴向的厚度小于或等于所述支承件沿所述轴向的厚度。
  5. 根据权利要求3或4所述的二次电池，其中，所述主体部背向所述顶盖板的一侧设置容纳部，所述极耳收纳于所述容纳部并与所述主体部相连接。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5任一项所述的二次电池，其中，所述支承件与所述主体部为一体式结构，或者，所述支承件与所述基体部为一体式结 构。
  7. 根据权利要求1至5任一项所述的二次电池，其中，所述支承件与所述主体部为分体式结构，或者，所述支承件与所述基体部为分体式结构。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的二次电池，其中，所述支承件为弹性结构体，沿所述电极引出孔的轴向，所述支承件的自由状态下的厚度大于或等于所述主体部和所述基体部之间的间距。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的二次电池，其中，所述支承件的刚度小于所述密封圈的刚度。
  10. 根据权利要求1至9任一项所述的二次电池，其中，所述密封圈至少部分地设置于所述凸出部与所述电极端子之间，在所述电极引出孔的轴向上，所述密封圈、所述凸出部和所述支承件的投影至少部分地重叠，所述凸出部与所述密封圈密封连接。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的二次电池，其中，所述凸出部具有朝向所述密封圈的倾斜面，所述密封圈与倾斜面接触密封，沿所述轴向，所述密封圈位于所述倾斜面与所述电极端子之间的部分的压缩量为5％至60％。
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