WO2020220769A1 - 一种通信方法及通信装置 - Google Patents

一种通信方法及通信装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020220769A1
WO2020220769A1 PCT/CN2020/072859 CN2020072859W WO2020220769A1 WO 2020220769 A1 WO2020220769 A1 WO 2020220769A1 CN 2020072859 W CN2020072859 W CN 2020072859W WO 2020220769 A1 WO2020220769 A1 WO 2020220769A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
channel estimation
psd
data frame
additional channel
preamble sequence
Prior art date
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PCT/CN2020/072859
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
黄亚东
曾焱
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
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Priority to EP20799113.4A priority Critical patent/EP3955534A4/en
Publication of WO2020220769A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020220769A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/0202—Channel estimation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/0202—Channel estimation
    • H04L25/0224—Channel estimation using sounding signals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B3/00—Line transmission systems
    • H04B3/54—Systems for transmission via power distribution lines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/0202—Channel estimation
    • H04L25/0204—Channel estimation of multiple channels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0053—Allocation of signaling, i.e. of overhead other than pilot signals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to line transmission systems
    • H04B2203/54—Aspects of powerline communications not already covered by H04B3/54 and its subgroups
    • H04B2203/5404—Methods of transmitting or receiving signals via power distribution lines
    • H04B2203/5425—Methods of transmitting or receiving signals via power distribution lines improving S/N by matching impedance, noise reduction, gain control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0048—Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of power line communication technology, and in particular to a communication method and communication device.
  • a data frame may be as shown in FIG. 1, including a preamble, a header, and a payload.
  • PLC power line communication
  • the transmitting end device sends a data frame to the receiving end device
  • the power spectral density (PSD) used by each part of the data frame, namely the preamble sequence, the frame header, and the load is the same.
  • the corresponding power of the PSD used when the transmitting end device sends a data frame to the receiving end device is concentrated in a certain frequency range.
  • the PSD corresponding power used when the transmitting end device sends a data frame to the receiving end device is usually concentrated in the low frequency range or the high frequency range. Therefore, the flexibility of sending data frames in the existing PLC is poor.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a communication method and a communication device, which help improve the flexibility of data frame transmission in the PLC.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication method, the method includes:
  • the transmitting end device generates a data frame, and uses the first PSD to transmit the first preamble sequence and the frame header of the data frame on the power line; uses the second PSD to transmit the additional channel estimation information and the data frame on the power line For the load, the first PSD is different from the second PSD.
  • the data frame includes a first preamble sequence, a frame header, additional channel estimation information and a load; the first preamble sequence is used at least for synchronization; the frame header includes first indication information, the first indication information It is used to indicate that the type of the data frame is the first data frame type; the additional channel estimation information is located between the frame header and the payload, and is carried on at least one symbol.
  • the frame header further includes second indication information, and the second indication information is used to indicate the number of symbols carrying the additional channel estimation information and the additional channel estimation information.
  • the type of symbol This helps the receiving end equipment to identify additional channel estimation information.
  • the corresponding power of the first PSD is concentrated in a first frequency range
  • the corresponding power of the second PSD is concentrated in a second frequency range
  • the upper limit of the first frequency range is less than or equal to The lower limit of the second frequency range. It helps to achieve long-distance transmission coverage while helping to reduce the influence of electrical noise on load transmission.
  • the at least one symbol includes a first part and a second part; the first part is used for automatic gain control AGC, and the second part is used for channel estimation. Help simplify the implementation.
  • At least one symbol that carries the additional channel estimation information is a second preamble sequence, and the second preamble sequence includes at least one of the first preamble sequence; or, carries the additional channel
  • At least one symbol of the estimation information is at least two additional signal estimation ACE symbols.
  • the method includes:
  • the receiving end device receives the first preamble sequence and frame header of the data frame in the first frequency range, and demodulates the frame header according to the first preamble sequence; the corresponding power of the first power spectral density PSD is concentrated in Within the first frequency range; when the receiving end device includes the first indication information in the frame header, demodulates the load of the data frame according to the additional channel estimation information of the data frame; wherein, The additional channel estimation information and the load are received in a second frequency range, the corresponding power of the second PSD is concentrated in the second frequency range, and the first PSD and the second PSD are different, The additional channel estimation information is located between the frame header and the load and is carried on at least one symbol; the first indication information is used to indicate that the type of the data frame is the first data frame type.
  • different parts of a data frame can be sent through different PSDs on the power line, so compared with the data frame sending method in the prior art, it helps to improve the flexibility of data frame sending in PLC, and ,
  • the load can be demodulated based on the additional information to estimate, which helps to improve the probability of successful demodulation of the load.
  • the frame header further includes second indication information, and the second indication information is used to indicate the number of symbols carrying the additional channel estimation information and the additional channel estimation information.
  • the type of symbol This helps the receiving end equipment to identify additional channel estimation information.
  • the upper limit of the first frequency range is less than or equal to the lower limit of the second frequency range. It helps to achieve long-distance transmission coverage while helping to reduce the influence of electrical noise on load transmission.
  • the symbol carrying the additional channel estimation information is a second preamble sequence, and the second preamble sequence includes at least one of the first preamble sequence; or, carrying the additional channel estimation information
  • the symbol is at least two additional signal estimation ACE symbols.
  • the at least one symbol carrying the additional channel estimation information includes a first part and a second part; the first part is used for automatic gain control AGC, and the second part is used for channel estimation;
  • the receiving end device When the receiving end device includes the first indication information in the frame header, it may demodulate the load on the data frame according to the additional channel estimation information of the data frame in the following manner:
  • the receiving end device determines the first received power according to the first part; the first received power is the received power of the first part; when the first When the received power satisfies a preset condition, determining that the second gain is the first gain, the second gain is the gain used to demodulate the load, and the first gain is the gain used to demodulate the frame header; Then, the receiving end device performs channel estimation according to the second part to obtain a channel estimation result, and demodulates the load according to the second gain and the channel estimation result. It helps to improve the probability of successful demodulation load.
  • the receiving end device when the first received power does not meet a preset condition, the receiving end device adjusts the first gain according to the additional channel estimation information to obtain the second Gain. It helps to further improve the probability of successful demodulation load.
  • the first received power meeting the preset condition includes:
  • P 1 is the first received power
  • P 2 is the second received power
  • the second received power is the received power of the first preamble sequence
  • S is a preset threshold.
  • a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application may be a power line communication device, a device in a power line communication device, or a device that can be used in conjunction with a power line communication device, and the device may include The processor and the transceiver, and the processor and the transceiver can perform the corresponding functions in the first aspect and any of the methods designed in the first aspect, specifically:
  • the processor is configured to generate a data frame, where the data frame includes a first preamble sequence, a frame header, additional channel estimation information and a load; the first preamble sequence is used for at least synchronization; the frame header includes First indication information, the first indication information is used to indicate that the type of the data frame is the first data frame type; the additional channel estimation information is located between the frame header and the load, and is carried on At least one symbol; the transceiver is configured to use a first PSD to send the first preamble sequence and the frame header on the power line; use a second PSD to send the additional channel estimation information and the frame header on the power line Load, the first PSD is different from the second PSD.
  • the frame header further includes second indication information, and the second indication information is used to indicate the number of symbols carrying the additional channel estimation information and the additional channel estimation information.
  • the type of symbol is used to indicate the number of symbols carrying the additional channel estimation information and the additional channel estimation information.
  • the corresponding power of the first PSD is concentrated in a first frequency range
  • the corresponding power of the second PSD is concentrated in a second frequency range
  • the upper limit of the first frequency range is less than or equal to The lower limit of the second frequency range.
  • the at least one symbol carrying the additional channel estimation information includes a first part and a second part; the first part is used for automatic gain control AGC, and the second part is used for channel estimation.
  • At least one symbol that carries the additional channel estimation information is a second preamble sequence, and the second preamble sequence includes at least one of the first preamble sequence; or, carries the additional channel At least one symbol of the estimation information is at least two additional signal estimation ACE symbols.
  • another device provided by the embodiment of the present application may be a power line communication device, a device in a power line communication device, or a device that can be used in conjunction with a power line communication device.
  • the device may include The processor and the transceiver, and the processor and the transceiver can perform the corresponding functions in the second aspect and any of the methods designed in the second aspect, specifically:
  • the processor is configured to, after the transceiver receives the first preamble sequence and the frame header of the data frame in the first frequency range, demodulate the frame header according to the first preamble sequence, and when the When the first indication information is included in the frame header, demodulate the load of the data frame according to the additional channel estimation information of the data frame;
  • the additional channel estimation information and the load are received by the transceiver in the second frequency range, the power corresponding to the first power spectral density PSD is concentrated in the first frequency range, and the second PSD corresponds to The power is concentrated in the second frequency range, the first PSD and the second PSD are different, the additional channel estimation information is located between the frame header and the load, and is carried on at least one symbol Above; the first indication information is used to indicate that the type of the data frame is the first data frame type.
  • the frame header further includes second indication information, and the second indication information is used to indicate the number of symbols carrying the additional channel estimation information and the additional channel estimation information.
  • the type of symbol is used to indicate the number of symbols carrying the additional channel estimation information and the additional channel estimation information.
  • the upper limit of the first frequency range is less than or equal to the lower limit of the second frequency range.
  • At least one symbol that carries the additional channel estimation information is a second preamble sequence, and the second preamble sequence includes at least one of the first preamble sequence; or, carries the additional channel At least one symbol of the estimation information is at least two additional signal estimation ACE symbols.
  • the at least one symbol carrying the additional channel estimation information includes a first part and a second part; the first part is used for automatic gain control AGC, and the second part is used for channel estimation;
  • the processor is configured to demodulate the load on the data frame according to the additional channel estimation information of the data frame when the first indication information is included in the frame header, which specifically includes:
  • the processor is configured to, when the frame header includes the first indication information, determine the first received power according to the first part; the first received power is the received power of the first part; and When the first received power satisfies a preset condition, determine that the second gain is the first gain; and perform channel estimation according to the second part to obtain a channel estimation result; according to the second gain and the channel estimation result, Demodulate the load; wherein the second gain is a gain used to demodulate the load, and the first gain is a gain used to demodulate the frame header.
  • the processor is further configured to, when the first received power does not meet a preset condition, adjust the first gain according to the additional channel estimation information to obtain the The second gain.
  • the first received power meeting the preset condition includes:
  • P 1 is the first received power
  • P 2 is the second received power
  • the second received power is the received power of the first preamble sequence
  • S is a preset threshold
  • an embodiment of the present application also provides a communication device, the communication device comprising: a memory and a processor, wherein the memory is used to store program instructions; the processor is used to call the instructions stored in the memory to make the device execute The first aspect and any one of the possible design methods of the first aspect of the embodiments of the present application, or a method for causing the device to execute any one of the second aspect and the second aspect of the embodiments of the present application.
  • embodiments of the present application also provide a computer-readable storage medium, including instructions, which when run on a computer, cause the computer to execute the first aspect and any of the possible design methods of the first aspect, or the first The second aspect and any possible design method of the second aspect.
  • the embodiments of the present application also provide a chip system, which includes a processor and may also include a memory, for implementing the first aspect and any possible design method of the first aspect, or the second aspect And any possible design method in the second aspect.
  • the chip system can be composed of chips, or can include chips and other discrete devices.
  • the embodiments of the present application also provide a computer program product, including instructions, which when run on a computer, cause the computer to execute the first aspect and any possible design method of the first aspect, or the second Aspect and any possible design method of the second aspect.
  • the first received power is the received power of the additional channel estimation information
  • the second received power is the received power of the first preamble sequence
  • the first received power is the first received power.
  • the second received power is the received power of additional channel estimation information.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a data frame
  • FIG. 2a is a schematic diagram of a PSD according to an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 2b is a schematic diagram of another PSD according to an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 3a is a schematic diagram of a data frame according to an embodiment of the application.
  • 3b is a schematic diagram of another data frame according to an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a topological structure of a PLC according to an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method according to an embodiment of the application.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the voltage change with time during the charging of the mobile phone
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of another data frame according to an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic flowchart of another communication method according to an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of another communication device according to an embodiment of the application.
  • PSD PSD is used to indicate the distribution of power in the frequency domain. It should be noted that different PSDs in the embodiments of the present application refer to PSDs with power concentrated in different frequency ranges. For example, if the first PSD and the second PSD are different, the corresponding power of the first PSD is concentrated in the first frequency range, the corresponding power of the second PSD is concentrated in the second frequency range, and the first frequency range and the second frequency range are different The frequency range. For example, the first PSD is shown in FIG. 2a, and the corresponding power of the first PSD is concentrated in the frequency range of 0-30MHz; the second PSD is shown in FIG. 2b, and the corresponding power of the second PSD is concentrated in the frequency range of 30MHz-100MHz.
  • the first PSD is a PSD with concentrated low-frequency power
  • the second PSD is a PSD with concentrated high-frequency power.
  • the first frequency range can be called It is a low-frequency range, and the PSD may be referred to as a low-frequency power-concentrated PSD.
  • the first threshold may be 30 MHz. If the first threshold is 30 MHz, the PSD shown in Figure 2a is a PSD with concentrated low-frequency power.
  • the second frequency range when the corresponding power of the PSD is concentrated in the second frequency range, and the lower limit of the second frequency range is greater than or equal to the second threshold, the second frequency range can be called a high frequency range, and the PSD can be It is called the PSD with high frequency power concentration.
  • the second threshold may be 30 MHz, or 35 MHz. If the second threshold is 30 MHz, the PSD shown in Figure 2b is a PSD with concentrated high-frequency power. It can be understood that the first threshold and the second threshold may be the same or different, which is not limited. In addition, the first threshold and the second threshold may be predefined through an agreement.
  • a data frame is a data unit used for communication in the PLC, including a preamble, a header, and a payload.
  • the preamble sequence is used at least for synchronization.
  • the preamble sequence can also be used for initial channel estimation (initial channel estimation), automatic gain control (AGC), and so on.
  • the frame header includes some parameter information of the physical layer (physical, PHY) layer, such as the identification (ID) of the sending end device (also called the source identification (SID)), and the ID of the receiving end device ( It can also be referred to as destination identification (DID), etc.
  • the frame header may be composed of at least one continuous orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol.
  • OFDM orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
  • the data frame may also include additional channel estimation information.
  • the additional channel estimation information is located between the frame header and the load, and is carried on at least one symbol, that is, the number of symbols carrying the additional channel estimation information is one or more, which is not limited.
  • the data frame shown in FIG. 3a includes a first preamble sequence, a frame header, additional channel estimation information and a load.
  • the symbol that carries additional channel estimation information is one or more additional signal estimation (additional channel estimation, ACE) symbols.
  • the ACE symbol can be a standard ACE symbol or a custom ACE symbol.
  • the symbols that carry additional channel estimation information are one or more first preamble sequences.
  • the symbol carrying additional channel estimation information may also be one or more custom symbols.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not limit the number of symbols and the types of symbols that carry additional channel estimation information.
  • the additional channel estimation information can be used for automatic Gain control and channel estimation.
  • at least one symbol carrying additional channel estimation information as a whole can be used for automatic gain control and channel estimation.
  • the at least one symbol carrying additional channel estimation information includes a first part and a second part. The first part is used for automatic gain control, and the second part is used for channel estimation to facilitate demodulation of the load.
  • the first part is located before the second part, and the data frame may be as shown in Fig. 3b.
  • the symbol carrying additional channel estimation information is a second preamble sequence
  • the first half of the second preamble sequence may be the first part of the symbols carrying additional channel estimation information
  • the second half of the second preamble sequence may carry The second part of the symbol of the additional channel estimation information.
  • the second preamble sequence may be a preamble sequence different from the first preamble sequence, or may be one or more first preamble sequences, which is not limited.
  • at least one symbol carrying additional channel estimation information is two standard ACE symbols
  • one of the ACE symbols is used for automatic gain control
  • one ACE symbol is used for channel estimation.
  • the load can be used to carry the data that needs to be transmitted.
  • the PLC mainly uses power lines as the transmission medium to realize the transmission or communication of data frames.
  • the power line may be a copper power line or the like, such as a BV line (plastic copper wire).
  • the power line may include one or more bridge nodes, for example, the bridge nodes may be sockets, or power distribution boxes, etc., which is not limited. Each bridge node can be connected to one or more power-consuming devices.
  • the electrical equipment in the embodiment of the present application may be a household appliance (such as a refrigerator, a telephone, an air conditioner), a device used to implement power line communication (in this application for the convenience of description, hereinafter referred to as "device used to implement power line communication" As "power line communication equipment”) and so on.
  • the power line communication device may be a power cat, etc., which can be used to send data frames through the power line, and can also receive data frames through the power line.
  • the power line communication device used to send data frames through the power line is the sending end device in the PLC
  • the power line communication device used to receive the data frames through the power line is the receiving end device in the PLC.
  • FIG. 4 it is a schematic diagram of a topological structure of a PLC in an embodiment of the application.
  • the power line shown in FIG. 4 includes bridging nodes T1, T2, T3, ... T_N-1, T_N, the power line communication device 10 is connected to the bridging node T1, and the power line communication device 20 is connected to the bridging node T_N, If the power line communication device 10 sends a data frame to the power line communication device 20, the power line communication device 10 is the transmitting end device in the PLC, and the power line communication device 20 is the receiving end device in the PLC.
  • FIG. 4 is only an example of a topology of the PLC.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the number and/or location of power line communication devices connected to the bridge node, nor does it limit The number and/or location of bridging nodes on the power line, or the number and/or location of electrical equipment, etc.
  • the electronic device 10 when the electronic device 10 sends a data frame to the electronic device 20, if all parts of the data frame, namely the preamble sequence, frame header, additional channel estimation information, load, etc., use the same PSD, the device will transmit a total of The limitation of power easily causes the power to be concentrated in a certain frequency range when the electronic device 10 sends a data frame to the electronic device 20, resulting in poor flexibility.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a communication method, so that when the electronic device 10 sends a data frame to the electronic device 20, each part of the data frame can be sent using different PSDs, thereby helping to improve the transmission of data frames. Flexibility.
  • the first preamble sequence and frame header in the data frame shown in FIG. 3a are transmitted using the first PSD, and additional channel estimation information and load are transmitted using the second PSD.
  • the first PSD is different from the second PSD.
  • FIG. 5 a schematic flowchart of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application specifically includes the following steps.
  • the power line communication device 10 In step 501, the power line communication device 10 generates a data frame, where the data frame includes a first preamble sequence, a frame header, additional channel estimation information and a load.
  • the data frame may be as shown in Figure 3a or Figure 3b. It should be noted that the related description of the data frame can be referred to the related description of the data frame in the above related term explanation, which will not be repeated here.
  • Step 502 the power line communication device 10 uses the first PSD to send the first preamble sequence and frame header in the data frame to the power line communication device 20 on the power line, and uses the second PSD to send the extra data in the data frame to the power line communication device 20 on the power line.
  • the first PSD is different from the second PSD.
  • the first PSD is different from the second PSD. It can be understood that the first frequency range includes the first frequency, and the second frequency range does not include the first frequency. The corresponding power of the first PSD is concentrated on the first frequency. Within the range, the corresponding power of the second PSD is concentrated in the second frequency range.
  • the power line is the transmission medium for transmitting data frames between the power line communication device 10 and the power line communication device 20, but the power line can be connected to one or more users through a bridge node.
  • Electrical equipment such as different electrical appliances, etc.
  • the noise signals such as voltage and current, etc.
  • the data frame has an impact.
  • the first PSD is a PSD with concentrated low-frequency power
  • the second PSD is a PSD with concentrated high-frequency power.
  • This enables long-distance transmission coverage to be achieved under the condition that the total transmission power of the device is constant, and at the same time helps reduce the impact of electrical noise on load transmission.
  • the corresponding power of the first PSD is concentrated in the first frequency range
  • the corresponding power of the second PSD is concentrated in the second frequency range
  • the upper limit of the first frequency range is less than or equal to the lower limit of the second frequency range.
  • the upper limit of the first frequency range is less than or equal to the first threshold
  • the lower limit of the second frequency range is greater than or equal to the second threshold
  • the first threshold and the second threshold may be the same or different.
  • the first threshold and the second threshold may be agreed in advance through an agreement, or may be determined based on a preset algorithm, which is not limited.
  • the first PSD is used for the first preamble sequence and the frame header during transmission
  • the second PSD is used for the additional channel estimation information and load
  • the first PSD and the second PSD are different.
  • the frame header includes first indication information
  • the first indication information is used to indicate that the type of the data frame is the first data frame type.
  • the preamble sequence and frame header of the data frame of the first data frame type are different from the PSD used when transmitting the additional channel estimation information and load of the data frame. This helps to notify the receiving end device to perform the reception of the data frame of the first data frame type.
  • the frame header further includes second indication information, where the second indication information is used to indicate the number of symbols carrying additional channel estimation information and the type of symbols carrying additional channel estimation information.
  • the second indication information is used to indicate the number of symbols carrying additional channel estimation information and the type of symbols carrying additional channel estimation information. This helps the receiving end device to recognize additional channel estimation information. For example, if the symbol carrying additional channel estimation information is the first preamble sequence, the number of symbols carrying additional channel estimation information indicated by the second indication information is the number of symbols included in the first preamble sequence, and the second indication The type of symbols that carry additional channel estimation information indicated by the information is the preamble sequence. For another example, if the symbols carrying additional channel estimation information are two standard ACE symbols, the number of symbols carrying additional channel estimation information indicated by the second indication information is 2, and the number of symbols carrying additional channel estimation information indicated by the second indication information is 2.
  • the symbol type of the channel estimation information is a standard ACE symbol. It should be noted that this embodiment of the present application does not limit the number of symbols and the types of symbols that carry additional channel estimation information.
  • the symbols that carry additional signal estimation information can also be custom symbols.
  • the number of symbols and the types of symbols that carry additional channel estimation information in the data frame of the first data frame type can also be pre-appointed through a protocol.
  • the frame header May not include the second indication information. This helps the receiving end device to recognize the additional channel estimation information while reducing the overhead of data frame transmission.
  • the frame header may not include information indicating the type of the data frame. It may include information used to indicate the type of the data frame, for example, third indication information, where the third indication information is used to indicate that the type of the data frame is the second data frame type.
  • the preamble sequence, frame header, load, etc. of the data frame of the second data frame type use the same PSD during transmission.
  • the data frame of the second data frame type may include additional channel estimation information, or may not include additional channel estimation symbol information, which is not limited.
  • Step 503 After receiving the first preamble sequence and frame header of the data frame within the first frequency range, the power line communication device 20 demodulates the frame header according to the first preamble sequence, where the corresponding power of the first PSD is concentrated in the first preamble sequence. Within a frequency range.
  • the power line communication device 20 may use the following methods to demodulate the frame header according to the first preamble sequence:
  • the power line communication device 20 determines the first received power according to the first preamble sequence, and the first received power is the received power of the first preamble sequence.
  • the first received power includes the received power of the preamble sequence at at least one sampling instant.
  • the first gain is determined according to the first received power.
  • the electronic device 20 demodulates the frame header according to the first gain and the first channel estimation result.
  • the method of determining the first gain according to the first received power in the embodiment of the present application can refer to the method of determining the gain according to the received power of the preamble sequence in the prior art, or other methods, which are not limited.
  • the manner of performing initial channel estimation according to the first preamble sequence in the embodiment of the present application may refer to the existing manner of initial channel estimation, and may also be other manners, which is not limited.
  • the method of demodulating the frame header can refer to the existing method of demodulating the frame header, and it can also be other methods, which is not limited.
  • the power line communication device 20 may also demodulate the frame header according to the first preamble sequence based on other methods, which is not limited.
  • Step 504 When the first indication information is included in the frame header, the power line communication device 20 demodulates the load of the data frame according to the additional channel estimation information of the data frame, where the additional channel estimation information and load are in the second Received in the frequency range, the corresponding power of the second PSD is concentrated in the second frequency range.
  • the power line communication device 20 Since the power line communication device 20 determines that the type of the data frame is the first data frame type when the frame header includes the first indication information, it demodulates the load according to the additional channel estimation information of the data frame, thereby helping to improve the The probability of successful load demodulation.
  • the power line communication device 20 may demodulate the load according to the additional channel estimation information in the following manner:
  • the power line communication device 20 determines the second received power and the second channel estimation result according to the additional channel estimation information, where the second received power is the received power of the additional channel estimation information. Then, the power line communication device 20 determines whether the second received power satisfies the preset condition, and when the second received power satisfies the preset condition, demodulates the load according to the first gain and the second channel estimation result. Among them, the first gain is used to demodulate the frame header and is determined according to the first preamble sequence. In some embodiments, when the second received power does not meet the preset condition, the second gain is determined according to additional channel estimation information. Then, according to the second gain and the second channel estimation result, the load is demodulated.
  • the preset condition may include one or more of algorithms, rules, or parameters.
  • the preset condition includes expression (1) and a preset threshold, where the expression (1) is:
  • P 1 is the first received power
  • P 2 is the second received power
  • S is a preset threshold.
  • the preset threshold may be predefined through a protocol or determined according to a preset algorithm. The method for determining the preset threshold is not limited.
  • the preset condition includes that the difference between the second received power and the first received power is within a preset range.
  • the preset range may be defined in advance through an agreement or determined according to a preset algorithm.
  • the application embodiment does not limit the method for determining the third threshold.
  • the additional channel estimation information includes the first part and the second part, where the first part is used for automatic gain control and the second part is used for channel estimation
  • the preset conditions include expression Formula (1) and the preset threshold
  • the power line communication device 20 when the power line communication device 20 includes the first indication information in the frame header, it can demodulate the load according to the additional channel estimation information in the following manner:
  • the power line communication device 20 determines the second received power according to the first part of the additional channel estimation information; and determines the second channel estimation result according to the second part of the additional channel estimation information, where the second received power is the additional channel Estimate the received power of the first part of the message. Then, the power line communication device 20 determines whether the expression (1) is satisfied based on the second received power, and when the expression (1) is satisfied, demodulates the load based on the first gain and the second channel estimation result. Wherein, the first gain is determined according to the first preamble sequence. In some embodiments, when expression (1) is not satisfied, the second gain is determined based on the first part of the additional channel estimation information. Then, according to the second gain and the second channel estimation result, the load is demodulated.
  • the method of determining the second gain according to the first part of the additional channel estimation information in the embodiment of the present application can refer to the manner of determining the second gain according to the additional channel estimation information in the embodiment of the present application. Repeat it again.
  • the third indication information is used to indicate that the type of the data frame is the first indication information.
  • the third indication information is used to indicate that the type of the data frame is the first indication information.
  • the power line communication device in the embodiment of the present application may determine the additional channel estimation information according to the number of symbols and the symbol types included in the additional channel estimation information, where the additional channel estimation information includes the number of symbols and the symbols
  • the type can be indicated by carrying indication information in the frame header, or can be pre-defined by the protocol.
  • the data frame includes a first preamble sequence, a frame header, a first additional channel estimation information, a first load, a second additional channel estimation information, and a second load, where the first preamble sequence and The frame header adopts the first PSD when transmitting, the first additional channel estimation information and the first load adopt the second PSD, and the second additional channel estimation information and the second load adopt the third PSD.
  • the frame header may include data frame type indication information, which is used to enable the receiving end device to perform corresponding demodulation.
  • data frame type indication information which is used to enable the receiving end device to perform corresponding demodulation.
  • the first additional channel estimation information and the second additional channel estimation information please refer to the related description of the additional channel estimation information in the above embodiment.
  • the demodulation mode of the frame header, the first load and the second load please refer to The relevant demodulation method of the frame header and the load in the communication method shown in FIG. 5 will not be repeated here.
  • the frame format or frame structure of the data frame that can be sent by using different PSDs for each part in FIG. 3a, FIG. 3b, and FIG. 7 can also be used as a separate embodiment.
  • the frame structure or frame format of the data frame of the first data frame type as shown in FIG. 3a when the data frame shown in FIG. 3a is sent, the first preamble sequence It is different from the PSD used by the frame header, and the PSD used by the additional channel estimation information and load.
  • the data frame shown in FIG. 7 when the data frame shown in FIG.
  • the first preamble sequence and frame header are sent using the first PSD
  • the first additional channel estimation information and the first load are sent using the first PSD.
  • the second PSD, the second additional channel estimation information and the second load adopt the third PSD, where the first PSD, the second PSD and the third PSD are all different.
  • the data frame does not include additional channel estimation information.
  • the embodiment of the application may also Different PSD transmissions are adopted for each part of the data frame shown in FIG. 1, which helps to improve the flexibility of data frame transmission.
  • the preamble sequence and frame header in the data frame shown in FIG. 1 use the first PSD when transmitting, and the payload uses the second PSD when transmitting. Among them, the first PSD is different from the second PSD.
  • FIG. 8 a schematic flowchart of another communication method in an embodiment of the present application specifically includes the following steps.
  • the power line communication device 10 In step 801, the power line communication device 10 generates a data frame.
  • the data frame includes a preamble sequence, a frame header, and a load.
  • the relevant description of the preamble sequence, frame header, and load can refer to the relevant description of the data frame in the above related term explanation, which will not be repeated here.
  • the power line communication device 10 uses the first PSD to send the preamble sequence and frame header in the data frame to the power line communication device 20 on the power line, and uses the second PSD to send the load in the data frame to the power line communication device 20 on the power line.
  • the first PSD is different from the second PSD.
  • the first PSD is different from the second PSD. It can be understood that the first frequency range includes the first frequency, and the second frequency range does not include the first frequency. The corresponding power of the first PSD is concentrated on the first frequency. Within the range, the corresponding power of the second PSD is concentrated in the second frequency range.
  • the first PSD is a PSD with concentrated low-frequency power
  • the second PSD is a PSD with concentrated high-frequency power.
  • the relevant introduction of the low-frequency power concentrated PSD and the high-frequency power concentrated PSD can refer to the relevant introduction in the communication method shown in FIG. 5, which will not be repeated here.
  • the frame header includes first indication information, and the first indication information is used to indicate that the type of the data frame is the first data frame type.
  • the preamble sequence and frame header of the data frame of the first data frame type are different from the PSD used when transmitting the additional channel estimation information and load of the data frame. This helps to notify the receiving end device to perform the reception of the data frame of the first data frame type.
  • Step 803 The power line communication device 20 receives the preamble sequence and the frame header in the data frame within the first frequency range, and demodulates the frame header according to the preamble sequence. Wherein, the corresponding power of the first PSD is concentrated in the first frequency range.
  • the specific implementation manner of demodulating the frame header according to the preamble sequence may refer to the manner of demodulating the frame header according to the first preamble sequence in the communication method shown in FIG. 5, where No longer.
  • Step 804 When the first indication information is included in the frame header, the power line communication device 20 demodulates the load in the data frame according to the preamble sequence. Wherein, the load is received in the second frequency range, and the corresponding power of the second PSD is concentrated in the second frequency range.
  • the way that the power line communication device 20 demodulates the load in the data frame according to the preamble sequence can refer to the existing way of demodulating the load according to the preamble sequence.
  • the power line communication device 20 according to the first gain And the first channel estimation result demodulate the load, where the first gain is determined according to the preamble sequence, and the first channel estimation result is obtained by performing initial channel estimation according to the preamble sequence.
  • the PSD used in the preamble sequence and the frame header in the data frame is different from the PSD used in the transmission of the load in the data frame
  • the method of load demodulation can be applied to the data carried in the load with a small number of bits.
  • the payload carries 1-bit data or 2-bit data.
  • the power line communication device 20 may also demodulate the load in the data frame according to the preamble sequence in the following manner:
  • the power line communication device 20 When the power line communication device 20 includes the first indication information in the frame header, it determines the received power of the load according to the load that receives the data frame in the second frequency range. Then determine whether the received power of the load meets the preset condition. When the received power of the load meets the preset condition, demodulate the load according to the first gain and the first channel estimation result, where the first gain is determined according to the preamble sequence Yes, the first channel estimation result is obtained by initial channel estimation based on the preamble sequence. In some embodiments, the power line communication device 20 determines the second gain according to the load received in the second frequency range when the received power of the load does not meet the preset condition.
  • the power line communication device 20 demodulates the load according to the second gain and the second channel estimation result, which is obtained according to the load received in the second frequency range.
  • the manner of determining the second gain according to the load received in the second frequency range may refer to the manner of determining the second gain according to additional channel estimation information in the embodiment of the present application, which will not be repeated here.
  • the communication method provided in the embodiments of the present application is introduced from the perspective of the power line communication device as the execution subject.
  • the terminal device may include a hardware structure and/or a software module, and realize the above functions in the form of a hardware structure, a software module, or a hardware structure plus a software module. Whether one of the above-mentioned functions is executed in a hardware structure, a software module, or a hardware structure plus a software module depends on the specific application and design constraint conditions of the technical solution.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides a communication device 900 that includes a transceiver module 902 and a processing module 901.
  • the communication device 900 is used to implement the functions of the power line communication device 10 and/or the power line communication device 20 in the foregoing method.
  • the communication device 900 may be a power line communication device or a device in a power line communication device.
  • the communication device may be a chip system.
  • the chip system may be composed of chips, or may include chips and other discrete devices.
  • the processing module 901 is used to generate a data frame, where the data frame includes a first preamble sequence, a frame header, Additional channel estimation information and load; the first preamble sequence is used at least for synchronization; the frame header includes first indication information, which is used to indicate that the type of the data frame is the first data frame type; the additional channel estimation information is located in the frame Between the head and the load, and is carried on at least one symbol.
  • the transceiver module 902 is configured to use the first PSD to send the first preamble sequence and the frame header on the power line; to use the second PSD to send additional channel estimation information and the load on the power line, the first PSD is different from the second PSD.
  • the processing module 901 is used when the transceiver module 902 receives the first data frame in the first frequency range.
  • the frame header is demodulated according to the first preamble sequence, and when the frame header includes the first indication information, the load of the data frame is demodulated according to the additional channel estimation information; among them, the additional The channel estimation information and load are received by the transceiver module 902 in the second frequency range.
  • the corresponding power of the first power spectral density PSD is concentrated in the first frequency range, and the corresponding power of the second PSD is concentrated in the second frequency range.
  • the PSD is different from the second PSD in that the additional channel estimation information is located between the frame header and the load, and is carried on at least one symbol; the first indication information is used to indicate that the type of the data frame is the first data frame type.
  • the processing module 901 and the transceiver module 902 please refer to the record in the above method embodiment.
  • the division of modules in the embodiments of the present application is illustrative, and is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods.
  • the functional modules in the various embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one process. In the device, it can also exist alone physically, or two or more modules can be integrated into one module.
  • the above-mentioned integrated modules can be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional modules.
  • an embodiment of the present application also provides a communication device 1000.
  • the communication device 1000 is used to implement the functions of the power line communication device 10 and/or the power line communication device 20 in the foregoing method.
  • the communication device 1000 may be a power line communication device or a device in a power line communication device.
  • the communication device 1000 includes at least one processor 1001 for implementing the functions of the power line communication device 10 and/or the power line communication device 20 in the foregoing method.
  • the processor 1001 may be used to generate a data frame, or demodulate the frame header and load, etc. For details, refer to the detailed description in the method, which is not described here.
  • the communication device 1000 may further include a transceiver 1002 for communicating with other devices through the power line, so that the communication device 1000 may communicate with other devices.
  • the transceiver 1002 may be a communication interface, circuit, bus, module, or other type of communication interface.
  • the processor 1001 uses the transceiver 1002 to send and receive data frames, and is used to implement the communication method in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the transceiver 1002 may be used to use the first PSD to send the first preamble sequence and frame header on the power line, and to use the second PSD to send additional channel estimation information and load on the power line.
  • the communication device 1000 may further include at least one memory 1003 for storing program instructions and/or data.
  • the memory 1003 is coupled with the processor 1001.
  • the coupling in the embodiments of the present application is an interval coupling or a communication connection between devices, units or modules, and may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms, and is used for information exchange between devices, units or modules.
  • the memory 1003 may also be located outside the apparatus 1000.
  • the processor 1001 may cooperate with the memory 1002 to operate.
  • the processor 1001 may execute program instructions stored in the memory 1003. At least one of the at least one memory may be included in the processor.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the connection medium between the transceiver 1003, the processor 1001, and the memory 1002.
  • the memory 1002, the processor 1001, and the transceiver 1003 may be connected by a bus, and the bus may be divided into an address bus, a data bus, and a control bus.
  • the processor may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor, an application specific integrated circuit, a field programmable gate array or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, a discrete hardware component, and may implement or Perform the methods, steps, and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The steps of the method disclosed in the embodiments of the present application may be directly embodied as being executed and completed by a hardware processor, or executed and completed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor.
  • the memory may be a non-volatile memory, such as a hard disk drive (HDD) or a solid-state drive (SSD), etc., or a volatile memory (volatile memory), for example Random-access memory (random-access memory, RAM).
  • the memory is any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program codes in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited thereto.
  • the memory in the embodiments of the present application may also be a circuit or any other device capable of realizing a storage function, for storing program instructions and/or data.
  • the methods provided in the embodiments of the present application may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof.
  • software When implemented by software, it can be implemented in the form of a computer program product in whole or in part.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions.
  • the computer may be a general-purpose computer, a dedicated computer, a computer network, network equipment, user equipment, or other programmable devices.
  • the computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from a website, computer, server, or data center.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center integrated with one or more available media.
  • the usable medium may be a magnetic medium (for example, a floppy disk, a hard disk, and a magnetic tape), an optical medium (for example, a digital video disc (digital video disc, DVD for short)), or a semiconductor medium (for example, SSD).

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Abstract

一种通信方法及通信装置，涉及通信技术领域。其中该方法包括：发送端设备生成数据帧，并采用第一PSD在电力线上发送数据帧的第一前导序列和帧头；采用第二PSD在电力线上发送数据帧的额外的信道估计信息和负载，第一PSD与第二PSD不同。其中，数据帧包括第一前导序列、帧头、额外的信道估计信息和负载；第一前导序列至少用于同步；帧头包括第一指示信息，第一指示信息用于指示数据帧的类型为第一数据帧类型，额外的信道估计信息位于帧头和负载之间、且被承载在至少一个符号上。这种技术方案由于在电力线上可以通过不同的PSD发送一个数据帧的不同部分，因而有助于提高PLC中数据帧发送的灵活性。

Description

一种通信方法及通信装置
本申请中要求在2019年04月30日提交中国专利局、申请号为201910360061.1、申请名称为“一种通信方法及通信装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电力线通信技术领域，特别涉及一种通信方法及通信装置。
背景技术
目前，在电力线通信(power line communication，PLC)中，数据帧可以如图1所示，包括前导序列(preamble)、帧头(header)和负载(payload)。现有技术中，发送端设备向接收端设备发送一个数据帧时，该数据帧的各个部分，即前导序列、帧头和负载等采用的功率谱密度(power spectral density，PSD)是相同的。
受设备发射总功率的限制，发送端设备向接收端设备发送数据帧时采用的PSD对应功率集中在某一个频率范围内。现有技术中，发送端设备向接收端设备发送数据帧时所采用的PSD对应功率通常集中在低频范围内或者高频范围内。因此，现有的PLC中数据帧的发送灵活性较差。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种通信方法及通信装置，有助于提高PLC中数据帧发送的灵活性。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法，所述方法包括：
发送端设备生成数据帧，并采用第一PSD在电力线上发送所述数据帧的第一前导序列和所述帧头；采用第二PSD在电力线上发送所述数据帧的额外的信道估计信息和所述负载，所述第一PSD与所述第二PSD不同。
其中，所述数据帧包括第一前导序列、帧头、额外的信道估计信息和负载；所述第一前导序列至少用于同步；所述帧头包括第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述数据帧的类型为第一数据帧类型；所述额外的信道估计信息位于所述帧头和所述负载之间、且被承载在至少一个符号上。
本申请实施例中由于在电力线上可以通过不同的PSD发送一个数据帧的不同部分，因而与现有技术中数据帧的发送方式相比，有助于提高PLC中数据帧发送的灵活性。
在一种可能的设计中，所述帧头还包括第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息用于指示承载所述额外的信道估计信息的符号的个数和承载所述额外的信道估计信息的符号的类型。从而有助于是的接收端设备识别额外的信道估计信息。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一PSD对应功率集中在第一频率范围内，所述第二PSD对应功率集中在第二频率范围内，所述第一频率范围的上限小于或等于所述第二频率范围的下限。有助于在实现长距离传输覆盖同时，有助于降低电器噪声对负载传输的影响。
在一种可能的设计中，所述至少一个符号包括第一部分和第二部分；所述第一部分用于自动增益控制AGC，所述第二部分用于信道估计。有助于简化实现方式。
在一种可能的设计中，承载所述额外的信道估计信息的至少一个符号为第二前导序列， 所述第二前导序列包括至少一个所述第一前导序列；或者，承载所述额外的信道估计信息的至少一个符号为至少两个额外的信号估计ACE符号。有助于进一步简化实现方式。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供的另一种通信方法，所述方法包括：
接收端设备在第一频率范围内接收到数据帧的第一前导序列和帧头，并根据所述第一前导序列，对所述帧头进行解调；第一功率谱密度PSD对应功率集中在所述第一频率范围内；所述接收端设备当所述帧头中包括第一指示信息时，根据所述数据帧的额外的信道估计信息对所述数据帧的负载进行解调；其中，所述额外的信道估计信息和所述负载是在第二频率范围内接收到的，第二PSD对应功率集中在所述第二频率范围内，所述第一PSD和所述第二PSD不同，所述额外的信道估计信息位于所述帧头和所述负载之间、且被承载在至少一个符号上；所述第一指示信息用于指示所述数据帧的类型为第一数据帧类型。
本申请实施例中由于在电力线上可以通过不同的PSD发送一个数据帧的不同部分，因而与现有技术中数据帧的发送方式相比，有助于提高PLC中数据帧发送的灵活性，而且，可以根据额外的信到估计信息对负载进行解调，有助于提高解调负载成功的概率。
在一种可能的设计中，所述帧头还包括第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息用于指示承载所述额外的信道估计信息的符号的个数和承载所述额外的信道估计信息的符号的类型。从而有助于是的接收端设备识别额外的信道估计信息。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一频率范围的上限小于或等于所述第二频率范围的下限。有助于在实现长距离传输覆盖同时，有助于降低电器噪声对负载传输的影响。
在一种可能的设计中，承载所述额外的信道估计信息的符号为第二前导序列，所述第二前导序列包括至少一个所述第一前导序列；或者，承载所述额外的信道估计信息的符号为至少两个额外的信号估计ACE符号。有助于简化实现方式。
在一种可能的设计中，承载所述额外的信道估计信息的至少一个符号包括第一部分和第二部分；所述第一部分用于自动增益控制AGC，所述第二部分用于信道估计；
所述接收端设备当所述帧头中包括第一指示信息时，可以基于下列方式根据所述数据帧的额外的信道估计信息对在所述数据帧的负载进行解调：
所述接收端设备当所述帧头中包括第一指示信息时，根据所述第一部分，确定第一接收功率；所述第一接收功率为所述第一部分的接收功率；当所述第一接收功率满足预设条件时，确定第二增益为第一增益，所述第二增益为用于解调所述负载的增益，所述第一增益为用于解调所述帧头的增益；然后，所述接收端设备根据所述第二部分，进行信道估计，得到信道估计结果，并根据所述第二增益和所述信道估计结果，解调所述负载。有助于提高解调负载成功的概率。
在一种可能的设计中，所述接收端设备当所述第一接收功率不满足预设条件时，根据所述额外的信道估计信息，对所述第一增益进行调整，得到所述第二增益。有助于进一步提高解调负载成功的概率。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一接收功率满足所述预设条件包括：
Figure PCTCN2020072859-appb-000001
其中，P 1为第一接收功率，P 2为第二接收功率，所述第二接收功率为所述第一前导序列的接收功率，S为预设阈值。有助于简化实现方式。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置，该通信装置可以是电力线通信设备， 也可以是电力线通信设备中的装置，或者是能够和电力线通信设备匹配使用的装置，该装置可以包括处理器和收发器，且处理器和收发器可以执行上述第一方面以及第一方面任一种设计的方法中的相应功能，具体的：
所述处理器，用于生成数据帧，其中，所述数据帧包括第一前导序列、帧头、额外的信道估计信息和负载；所述第一前导序列至少用于同步；所述帧头包括第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述数据帧的类型为第一数据帧类型；所述额外的信道估计信息位于所述帧头和所述负载之间、且被承载在至少一个符号上；所述收发器，用于采用第一PSD在电力线上发送所述第一前导序列和所述帧头；采用第二PSD在电力线上发送所述额外的信道估计信息和所述负载，所述第一PSD与所述第二PSD不同。
在一种可能的设计中，所述帧头还包括第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息用于指示承载所述额外的信道估计信息的符号的个数和承载所述额外的信道估计信息的符号的类型。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一PSD对应功率集中在第一频率范围内，所述第二PSD对应功率集中在第二频率范围内，所述第一频率范围的上限小于或等于所述第二频率范围的下限。
在一种可能的设计中，承载所述额外的信道估计信息的至少一个符号包括第一部分和第二部分；所述第一部分用于自动增益控制AGC，所述第二部分用于信道估计。
在一种可能的设计中，承载所述额外的信道估计信息的至少一个符号为第二前导序列，所述第二前导序列包括至少一个所述第一前导序列；或者，承载所述额外的信道估计信息的至少一个符号为至少两个额外的信号估计ACE符号。
第四方面，本申请实施例的提供的另一种装置，该装置可以是电力线通信设备，也可以是电力线通信设备中的装置，或者是能够和电力线通信设备匹配使用的装置，该装置可以包括处理器和收发器，且处理器和收发器可以执行上述第二方面以及第二方面任一种设计的方法中的相应功能，具体的：
所述处理器用于当所述收发器在第一频率范围内接收到数据帧的第一前导序列和帧头后，根据所述第一前导序列对所述帧头进行解调，并当所述帧头中包括第一指示信息时，根据所述数据帧的额外的信道估计信息对所述数据帧的负载进行解调；
其中，所述额外的信道估计信息和所述负载是所述收发器在第二频率范围内接收到的，第一功率谱密度PSD对应功率集中在所述第一频率范围内，第二PSD对应功率集中在所述第二频率范围内，所述第一PSD和所述第二PSD不同，所述额外的信道估计信息位于所述帧头和所述负载之间、且被承载在至少一个符号上；所述第一指示信息用于指示所述数据帧的类型为第一数据帧类型。
在一种可能的设计中，所述帧头还包括第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息用于指示承载所述额外的信道估计信息的符号的个数和承载所述额外的信道估计信息的符号的类型。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一频率范围的上限小于或等于所述第二频率范围的下限。
在一种可能的设计中，承载所述额外的信道估计信息的至少一个符号为第二前导序列，所述第二前导序列包括至少一个所述第一前导序列；或者，承载所述额外的信道估计信息的至少一个符号为至少两个额外的信号估计ACE符号。
在一种可能的设计中，承载所述额外的信道估计信息的至少一个符号包括第一部分和第二部分；所述第一部分用于自动增益控制AGC，所述第二部分用于信道估计；
所述处理器，用于当所述帧头中包括第一指示信息时，根据所述数据帧的额外的信道 估计信息对在所述数据帧的负载进行解调，具体包括：
所述处理器，用于当所述帧头中包括第一指示信息时，根据所述第一部分，确定第一接收功率；所述第一接收功率为所述第一部分的接收功率；并当所述第一接收功率满足预设条件时，确定第二增益为第一增益；以及根据所述第二部分，进行信道估计，得到信道估计结果；根据所述第二增益和所述信道估计结果，解调所述负载；其中所述第二增益为用于解调所述负载的增益，所述第一增益为用于解调所述帧头的增益。
在一种可能的设计中，所述处理器还用于当所述第一接收功率不满足预设条件时，根据所述额外的信道估计信息，对所述第一增益进行调整，得到所述第二增益。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一接收功率满足所述预设条件包括：
Figure PCTCN2020072859-appb-000002
其中，P 1为第一接收功率，P 2为第二接收功率，所述第二接收功率为所述第一前导序列的接收功率，S为预设阈值。
第五方面，本申请实施例还提供了一种通信装置，该通信装置包括：存储器和处理器，其中，存储器用于存储程序指令；处理器用于调用存储器中存储的指令，使得所述装置执行本申请实施例第一方面以及第一方面任一种可能的设计的方法、或者使得所述装置执行本申请实施例第二方面以及第二方面任意一种可能的设计的方法。
第六方面，本申请实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，包括指令，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行第一方面以及第一方面任一种可能的设计的方法、或者第二方面以及第二方面任意一种可能的设计的方法。
第七方面，本申请实施例还提供一种芯片系统，该芯片系统包括处理器，还可以包括存储器，用于实现第一方面以及第一方面任一种可能的设计的方法、或者第二方面以及第二方面任意一种可能的设计的方法。该芯片系统可以由芯片构成，也可以包含芯片和其他分立器件。
第八方面，本申请实施例中还提供一种计算机程序产品，包括指令，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行第一方面以及第一方面任一种可能的设计的方法、或者第二方面以及第二方面任意一种可能的设计的方法。
另外，第三方面至第八方面中任一种可能设计方式所带来的技术效果可参见方法部分中不同设计方式所带来的技术效果，此处不再赘述。
需要说明的是，上述各个方面中，第一接收功率为额外的信道估计信息的接收功率，第二接收功率为第一前导序列的接收功率，而在具体实施例中，第一接收功率为第一前导序列的接收功率，第二接收功率为额外的信道估计信息的接收功率，本申请中涉及的“第一”、“第二”等词汇，仅用于区分描述的目的。
附图说明
图1为一种数据帧的示意图；
图2a为本申请实施例的一种PSD的示意图；
图2b为本申请实施例的另一种PSD的示意图；
图3a为本申请实施例的一种数据帧的示意图；
图3b为本申请实施例的另一种数据帧的示意图；
图4为本申请实施例的PLC的一种拓扑结构示意图；
图5为本申请实施例的一种通信方法的流程示意图；
图6为手机充电过程中电压随时间变化的示意图；
图7为本申请实施例的另一种数据帧的示意图；
图8为本申请实施例的另一种通信方法的流程示意图；
图9为本申请实施例的一种通信装置的结构示意图；
图10为本申请实施例的另一种通信装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
应理解，在本申请中除非另有说明，“/”表示或的意思，例如，A/B可以表示A或B；本申请中的“和/或”仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。“至少一个”是指一个或者多个，“多个”是指两个或两个以上。
另外，本申请中涉及的“第一”、“第二”等词汇，仅用于区分描述的目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量，也不能理解为指示或暗示顺序。
以下对本申请实施例涉及的名词进行相应的解释，以便于理解。
1、PSD。PSD用于表示功率在频域上的分布情况。需要说明的是，本申请实施例中不同的PSD指的是功率集中在不同频率范围内的PSD。示例的，第一PSD和第二PSD不同，则第一PSD对应功率集中在第一频率范围内，第二PSD对应功率集中在第二频率范围内，第一频率范围和第二频率范围为不同的频率范围。例如，第一PSD如图2a所示，第一PSD对应功率集中在0～30MHz的频率范围内；第二PSD如图2b所示，第二PSD对应功率集中在30MHz～100MHz的频率范围内。示例的，如果第一频率范围的上限小于或等于第二频率范围的下限，则第一PSD为低频功率集中的PSD，第二PSD为高频功率集中的PSD。需要说明的是，在本申请的另一些实施例中，当PSD对应功率集中在第一频率范围内时，第一频率范围的上限小于或等于第一阈值时，则第一频率范围可以称之为低频范围，而该PSD可以称之为低频功率集中的PSD，例如，第一阈值可以为30MHz。如果第一阈值为30MHz，则图2a所示的PSD为低频功率集中的PSD。在另一些实施例中，当PSD对应功率集中在第二频率范围内，第二频率范围的下限大于或等于第二阈值时，则第二频率范围可以称之为高频范围，而该PSD可以称之为高频功率集中的PSD。例如第二阈值可以为30MHz，也可以为35MHz等。如果第二阈值为30MHz，则图2b所示的PSD为高频功率集中的PSD。可以理解的是，第一阈值和第二阈值可以相同，也可以不同，对此不作限定。另外，第一阈值和第二阈值可以是通过协议预先定义的。
2、数据帧。数据帧为PLC中用于通信的一个数据单元，包括前导序列(preamble)、帧头(header)和负载(payload)。其中，前导序列至少用于同步。此外，前导序列还可以用于初始信道估计(initial channel estimation)、用于自动增益控制(automatic gain control，AGC)等。帧头包括物理层(physical，PHY)层的一些参数信息，例如发送端设备的标识(identification，ID)(又可以称之为源端标识(source identification，SID))、接收端设备的ID(又可称之为目的端标识(destination identification，DID))等。例如，帧头可以是由至少一个连续的正交频分复用(orthogonal frequency division multiplexing，OFDM)符号 组成的。在一些实施例中，数据帧还可以包括额外的信道估计信息。具体的，额外的信道估计信息位于帧头和负载之间，被承载在至少一个符号上，即承载额外的信道估计信息的符号的个数为一个或多个，对此不作限定。示例的，如图3a所示的数据帧，包括第一前导序列、帧头、额外的信道估计信息和负载。例如，承载额外的信道估计信息的符号为一个或多个额外的信号估计(additional channel estimation，ACE)符号。其中，ACE符号可以为标准的ACE符号，也可以为自定义的ACE符号。再例如，承载额外的信道估计信息的符号为一个或多个第一前导序列。又例如，承载额外的信道估计信息的符号还可以为一个或多个自定义的符号。本申请实施例对承载额外的信道估计信息的符号的个数和符号的类型不作限定。在一些实施例中，当图3a所示的数据帧中第一前导序列和帧头在发送时采用的PSD和额外的信道估计信和负载采用的PSD不同时，额外的信道估计信息可以用于自动增益控制和信道估计。示例的，承载额外的信道估计信息的至少一个符号作为一个整体可以用于自动增益控制和信道估计。又示例的，承载额外的信道估计信息的至少一个符号包括第一部分和第二部分，第一部分用于自动增益控制，第二部分用于信道估计，以便于解调负载。例如，第一部分位于第二部分之前，数据帧可以如图3b所示。例如，承载额外的信道估计信息的符号为一个第二前导序列时，该第二前导序列的前半部分可以为承载额外的信道估计信息符号中的第一部分，第二前导序列的后半部分可以承载额外的信道估计信息的符号中的第二部分。其中，第二前导序列可以为一个不同于第一前导序列的前导序列，也可以为一个或多个第一前导序列，对此不作限定。再例如，承载额外的信道估计信息的至少一个符号为两个标准的ACE符号时，其中一个ACE符号用于自动增益控制，一个ACE符号用于信道估计。负载可以用于承载需要传输的数据。
下面对本申实施例的通信方法进行详细介绍。
PLC中主要利用电力线作为传输介质，实现数据帧的传输或通信。示例的，电力线可以为铜制电力线等，例如BV线(塑铜线)。其中，电力线上可以包括一个或多个桥接节点，例如，桥接节点可以为插座，也可以为配电盒等，对此不作限定。每个桥接节点上可以接入一个或多个用电设备。示例的，本申请实施例中用电设备可以为家用电器(例如冰箱、电话、空调)、用于实现电力线通信的设备(本申请中为描述方便，以下简称“用于实现电力线通信的设备”为“电力线通信设备”)等。例如，电力线通信设备可以为电力猫等，能够用于通过电力线发送数据帧，也可以通过电力线接收数据帧。其中，用于通过电力线发送数据帧的电力线通信设备为PLC中的发送端设备，用于通过电力线接收数据帧的电力线通信设备为PLC中的接收端设备。
示例的，如图4所示，为本申请实施例的PLC的一种拓扑结构示意图。其中，图4所示的电力线上包括桥接节点T1、T2、T3、……T_N-1、T_N，在桥接节点T1上接入电力线通信设备10，在桥接节点T_N上接入电力线通信设备20，如果电力线通信设备10向电力线通信设备20发送数据帧，则电力线通信设备10为PLC中的发送端设备，电力线通信设备20为PLC中的接收端设备。需要说明的是，本申请实施例中，图4仅为PLC的一种拓扑结构的示例，本申请实施例不限定桥接节点上接入的电力线通信设备的个数和/或位置，也不限定电力线上桥接节点的个数和/或位置、或用电设备的个数和/或位置等。
以图4为例，当电子设备10向电子设备20发送数据帧时，如果数据帧的各个部分，即前导序列、帧头、额外的信道估计信息、负载等采用相同的PSD，受设备发射总功率的限制，容易导致电子设备10向电子设备20发送数据帧时使得功率只能集中在某一个频率 范围内，导致灵活性较差。
因此，本申请实施例提供了一种通信方法，使得电子设备10在向电子设备20发送数据帧时，使得数据帧的各个部分，可以采用不同的PSD进行发送，从而有助于提高数据帧发送的灵活性。示例的，图3a所示的数据帧中第一前导序列和帧头在发送时采用第一PSD，额外的信道估计信息和负载在发送时采用第二PSD。其中，第一PSD和第二PSD不同。
下面结合图4所示的PLC的拓扑结构中电力线通信设备10向电力线通信设备20发送图3a所示的数据帧为例，对本申请实施例通信方法进行详细说明。
示例的，如图5所示，本申请实施例的通信方法的流程示意图，具体包括以下步骤。
步骤501，电力线通信设备10生成数据帧，其中，数据帧包括第一前导序列、帧头、额外的信道估计信息和负载。例如，数据帧可以如图3a或图3b所示。需要说明的是，数据帧的相关描述可以参见上述相关名词解释中数据帧的相关描述，在此不再赘述。
步骤502，电力线通信设备10采用第一PSD在电力线上向电力线通信设备20发送数据帧中的第一前导序列和帧头，采用第二PSD在电力线上向电力线通信设备20发送数据帧中的额外的信道估计信息和负载。其中，第一PSD和第二PSD不同。
需要说明的是，第一PSD与第二PSD不同，可以理解为，第一频率范围包括第一频率，第二频率范围内不包括第一频率，其中，第一PSD对应功率集中在第一频率范围内，第二PSD对应功率集中在第二频率范围内。
示例的，如图4所示，在PLC的拓扑结构中，电力线为电力线通信设备10和电力线通信设备20之间传输数据帧的传输介质，然而电力线上可以通过桥接节点接入一个或多个用电设备(例如不同的电器等)，其中电器在工作过程中产生的噪声信号(例如电压电流等)，影响PLC通信，通常情况下，电器工作过程中产生的干扰信号会对低频范围内传输的数据帧造成影响，例如，如图6所示，手机在使用频率为50Hz、220V的交流电充电时产生的电压随时间变化的测试图。从图6中可以看出在0～20ms中的4ms～8ms、14ms～18ms之间压差较大，因此在4ms～8ms和14ms～18ms手机充电过程中产生的电压会对电力线通信造成干扰，通常该干扰功率集中在30MHz以内。另外，PLC中数据帧在电力线中传输时衰减的大小与发送数据帧时所采用的PSD对应功率集中在的频率范围相关，一般来说，数据帧在电力线中传输时衰减随着频率的升高而增大。因此，在一些实施例中，第一PSD为低频功率集中的PSD，第二PSD为高频功率集中的PSD。从而使得在设备发射总功率一定的条件中，能够实现长距离传输覆盖同时，有助于降低电器噪声对负载传输的影响。例如，第一PSD对应功率集中在第一频率范围内，第二PSD对应功率集中在第二频率范围，第一频率范围的上限小于或等于第二频率范围的下限。再例如，第一频率范围的上限小于或等于第一阈值，第二频率范围的下限大于或等于第二阈值，其中第一阈值和第二阈值可以相同，也可以不同。具体的，第一阈值和第二阈值可以通过协议预先约定，也可以基于预设算法确定，对此不作限定。
另外，本申请实施例中由于第一前导序列和帧头在发送时采用第一PSD、和额外的信道估计信息和负载在发送时采用第二PSD，而第一PSD和第二PSD是不同的，因此，在一些实施例中，帧头中包括第一指示信息，第一指示信息用于指示数据帧的类型为第一数据帧类型。其中，第一数据帧类型的数据帧的前导序列和帧头在发送时采用的PSD、与该数据帧的额外的信道估计信息和负载在发送时采用的PSD不同。从而有助于通知接收端设备执行第一数据帧类型的数据帧的接收。
在本申请的一些实施例中，帧头中还包括第二指示信息，其中第二指示信息用于指示承载额外的信道估计信息的符号的个数和承载额外的信道估计信息的符号的类型，从而有助于接收端设备能够识别出额外的信道估计信息。例如，承载额外的信道估计信息的符号为第一前导序列，则第二指示信息所指示的承载额外的信道估计信息的符号的个数为第一前导序列包括的符号的个数，第二指示信息所指示的承载额外的信道估计信息的符号的类型为前导序列。再例如，承载额外的信道估计信息的符号为两个标准的ACE符号，则第二指示信息所指示的承载额外的信道估计信息的符号的个数为2，第二指示信息所指示的承载额外的信道估计信息的符号的类型为标准的ACE符号。需要说明的是，本申请实施例对承载额外的信道估计信息的符号的个数和符号的类型不做限定。例如，承载额外的信号估计信息的符号还可以为自定义的符号等。在本申请实施例另一些实施例中，还可以通过协议预先约定第一数据帧类型的数据帧中承载额外的信道估计信息的符号的个数和符号的类型，在这种情况下，帧头中可以不包括第二指示信息。从而有助于接收端设备能够识别出额外的信道估计信息的同时，降低数据帧传输的开销。
需要说明的是，当数据帧的各个部分例如前导序列、帧头、额外的信道估计信息和负载等采用相同的PSD发送时，帧头中可以不包括用于指示数据帧的类型的信息，也可以包括用于指示数据帧的类型的信息，例如第三指示信息，第三指示信息用于指示数据帧的类型为第二数据帧类型。具体的，第二数据帧类型的数据帧的前导序列、帧头、负载等在发送时采用的PSD是相同的。示例的，第二数据帧类型的数据帧中可以包括额外的信道估计信息，也可以不包括额外的信道估计符号信息，对此不作限定。
步骤503，电力线通信设备20在第一频率范围内接收到数据帧的第一前导序列和帧头后，根据第一前导序列，对帧头进行解调，其中，第一PSD对应功率集中在第一频率范围内。
示例的，电力线通信设备20可以采用下列方式根据第一前导序列，对帧头进行解调：
电力线通信设备20根据第一前导序列，确定第一接收功率，该第一接收功率为第一前导序列的接收功率。示例的，第一接收功率包括在至少一个采样时刻的前导序列的接收功率。然后根据第一接收功率，确定第一增益。以及根据第一前导序列，进行初始信道估计，得到第一信道估计结果。然后，电子设备20根据第一增益和第一信道估计结果，对帧头进行解调。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中根据第一接收功率，确定第一增益的方式可以参见现有技术中根据前导序列的接收功率确定增益的方式，也可以为其它方式，对此不做限定。本申请实施例中根据第一前导序列进行初始信道估计的方式，可以参见现有的初始信道估计的方式，也可以为其它方式，对此不作限定。本申请实施例中根据第一增益和第一信道估计结果，对帧头进行解调的方式可以参见现有的对帧头进行解调的方式，也可以为其它方式，对此不作限定。
还需要说明的是，本申请实施例中，电力线通信设备20还可以基于其它方式根据第一前导序列，对帧头进行解调，对此不作限定。
步骤504，电力线通信设备20当帧头中包括第一指示信息时，根据数据帧的额外的信道估计信息，对数据帧的负载进行解调，其中，额外的信道估计信息和负载是在第二频率范围内接收到的，第二PSD对应功率集中在第二频率范围内。
由于电力线通信设备20当帧头中包括第一指示信息时，确定数据帧的类型为第一数 据帧类型，因此根据数据帧的额外的信道估计信息对负载进行解调，从而有助于提高对负载解调成功的概率。
在一些实施例中，电力线通信设备20当帧头中包括第一指示信息时，可以基于下列方式根据额外的信道估计信息，对负载进行解调：
电力线通信设备20根据额外的信道估计信息，确定第二接收功率和第二信道估计结果，其中，第二接收功率为额外的信道估计信息的接收功率。然后，电力线通信设备20判断第二接收功率是否满足预设条件，当第二接收功率满足预设条件时，根据第一增益和第二信道估计结果，解调负载。其中，第一增益用于解调帧头，是根据第一前导序列确定的。在一些实施例中，当第二接收功率不满足预设条件时，根据额外的信道估计信息，确定第二增益。然后根据第二增益和第二信道估计结果，解调负载。
示例的，预设条件可以包括算法、规则、或者参数等的中一个或多个，例如，预设条件包括表达式(1)和预设阈值，其中，表达式(1)为：
Figure PCTCN2020072859-appb-000003
其中，P 1为第一接收功率，P 2为第二接收功率，S为预设阈值，预设阈值可以是通过协议预先定义的，也可以是根据预设算法确定的等，本申请实施例对预设阈值的确定方式不作限定。
再例如，预设条件包括第二接收功率与第一接收功率之间的差值在预设范围内，预设范围可以是通过协议预先定义的，也可以是根据预设算法确定的等，本申请实施例对第三阈值的确定方式不作限定。
上述仅为预设条件的示例说明，并不构成对本申请实施例的限定。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中根据额外的信道估计信息确定第二增益的方式，可以参见根据第一前导序列确定第一增益的方式，在此不再赘述。
以图3b所示的数据帧为例，当额外的信道估计信息包括第一部分和第二部分，其中，第一部分用于自动增益控制，第二部分用于信道估计时，如果预设条件包括表达式(1)和预设阈值，则电力线通信设备20当帧头中包括第一指示信息时，可以基于下列方式根据额外的信道估计信息，对负载进行解调：
电力线通信设备20根据额外的信道估计信息中的第一部分，确定第二接收功率；以及根据额外的信道估计信息中的第二部分确定第二信道估计结果，其中，第二接收功率为额外的信道估计信息的第一部分的接收功率。然后，电力线通信设备20根据第二接收功率，判断是否满足表达式(1)，当满足表达式(1)时，根据第一增益和第二信道估计结果，解调负载。其中，第一增益为根据第一前导序列确定的。在一些实施例中，当不满足表达式(1)时，根据额外的信道估计信息中的第一部分，确定第二增益。然后根据第二增益和第二信道估计结果，解调负载。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中根据额外的信道估计信息中的第一部分，确定第二增益的方式可以参见本申请实施例中根据额外的信道估计信息确定第二增益的方式，在此不再赘述。
在本申请的另一些实施例中，电力线通信设备20当帧头中不包括第一指示信息、或者帧头中包括第三指示信息时，例如第三指示信息用于指示数据帧的类型为第二数据帧类型，第二数据帧类型的数据帧在发送时各个部分采用相同的PSD，则根据第一前导序列对 负载进行解调。
另外，本申请实施例中电力线通信设备可以根据额外的信道估计信息包括的符号的个数和符号的类型，确定额外的信道估计信息，其中，额外的信道估计信息包括的符号的个数和符号的类型可以是通过在帧头携带指示信息指示的，也可以通过协议预先定义的。
上述是以图3a所示的数据帧为例，对一个数据帧采用两种不同的PSD时，对通信方法进行的说明。本申请实施例中，针对一个数据帧还可以采用三种或三种以上的PSD进行发送，其通信方法可以参见图5所述的通信方法。例如，如图7所示，数据帧包括第一前导序列、帧头、第一额外的信道估计信息、第一负载、第二额外的信道估计信息和第二负载，其中，第一前导序列和帧头在发送时采用第一PSD，第一额外的信道估计信息和第一负载采用第二PSD，第二额外的信道估计信息和第二负载采用第三PSD。在具体实现时，帧头中可以包括数据帧类型指示信息，用于使得接收端设备执行相应的解调。其中，第一额外的信道估计信息、第二额外的信道估计信息可以参见上述实施例中的额外的信道估计信息的相关描述，对帧头、第一负载和第二负载的解调方式可以参见图5所示通信方法中对帧头和负载的相关解调方式，在此不再赘述。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中还可以将图3a、图3b、图7等可以在发送时能够针对各个部分采用不同的PSD发送的数据帧的帧格式或帧结构作为一个单独的实施例，不受本申请实施例中通信方法的限定，例如如图3a所示的第一数据帧类型的数据帧的帧结构或帧格式，当发送图3a所示的数据帧时，第一前导序列和帧头所采用的PSD、和额外的信道估计信息和负载所采用的PSD不同。再例如，图7所示的数据帧，当发送图7所示的数据帧时，第一前导序列和帧头在发送时采用第一PSD，第一额外的信道估计信息和第一负载采用第二PSD，第二额外的信道估计信息和第二负载采用第三PSD，其中，第一PSD、第二PSD和第三PSD均不同。
此外，在一些实施例中，数据帧中不包括额外的信道估计信息，例如图1所示的数据帧，包括前导序列、帧头和负载时，在这种情况下，本申请实施例也可以针对图1所示的数据帧的各个部分采用不同的PSD发送，从而有助于提高数据帧发送的灵活性。示例的，图1所示的数据帧中前导序列和帧头在发送时采用第一PSD，负载在发送时采用第二PSD。其中，第一PSD和第二PSD不同。
下面结合图4所示的PLC的拓扑结构中电力线通信设备10向电力线通信设备20发送图1所示的数据帧为例，对本申请实施例通信方法进行详细说明。
示例的，如图8所示，本申请实施例的另一种通信方法的流程示意图，具体包括以下步骤。
步骤801，电力线通信设备10生成数据帧，例如，数据帧如图1所示，包括前导序列、帧头和负载。
其中，前导序列、帧头和负载的相关描述可以参见上述相关名词解释中数据帧的相关描述，在此不再赘述。
步骤802，电力线通信设备10采用第一PSD在电力线上向电力线通信设备20发送数据帧中的前导序列和帧头，采用第二PSD在电力线上向电力线通信设备20发送数据帧中的负载。其中，第一PSD和第二PSD不同。
需要说明的是，第一PSD与第二PSD不同，可以理解为，第一频率范围包括第一频率，第二频率范围内不包括第一频率，其中，第一PSD对应功率集中在第一频率范围内， 第二PSD对应功率集中在第二频率范围内。
在一些实施例中，第一PSD为低频功率集中的PSD，第二PSD为高频功率集中的PSD。具体的，低频功率集中的PSD和高频功率集中的PSD的相关介绍可以参见图5所示的通信方法中的相关介绍，在此不再赘述。
另外，本申请实施例中由于前导序列和帧头在发送时采用第一PSD、负载在发送时采用第二PSD，而第一PSD和第二PSD是不同的，因此，在一些实施例中，帧头中包括第一指示信息，第一指示信息用于指示数据帧的类型为第一数据帧类型。其中，第一数据帧类型的数据帧的前导序列和帧头在发送时采用的PSD、与该数据帧的额外的信道估计信息和负载在发送时采用的PSD不同。从而有助于通知接收端设备执行第一数据帧类型的数据帧的接收。
步骤803，电力线通信设备20在第一频率范围内接收到数据帧中的前导序列和帧头，根据前导序列，对帧头进行解调。其中，第一PSD对应功率集中在第一频率范围内。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中，根据前导序列对帧头进行解调的具体实现方式可以参见图5所示的通信方法中根据第一前导序列对帧头进行解调的方式，在此不再赘述。
步骤804，电力线通信设备20当帧头中包括第一指示信息时，根据前导序列对数据帧中的负载进行解调。其中，负载是在第二频率范围内接收到的，第二PSD对应功率集中在第二频率范围内。
在一些实施例中，电力线通信设备20根据前导序列对数据帧中的负载进行解调的方式可以参见现有的根据前导序列对负载进行解调的方式，例如，电力线通信设备20根据第一增益和第一信道估计结果，对负载进行解调，其中，第一增益为根据前导序列确定的，第一信道估计结果时根据前导序列进行初始信道估计得到的。有助于简化实现方式。上述当数据帧中前导序列和帧头在发送时采用的PSD、与数据帧中负载在发送时采用的PSD不同时，对负载解调的方式可以应用于负载中携带的数据的比特数较小的场景，例如负载中携带1比特数据或2比特数据等。
在另一些实施例中，电力线通信设备20还可以基于下列方式根据前导序列对数据帧中的负载进行解调：
电力线通信设备20当帧头中包括第一指示信息时，根据在第二频率范围内接收到数据帧的负载，确定负载的接收功率。然后判断负载的接收功率判断是否满足预设条件，当负载的接收功率满足预设条件时，根据第一增益和第一信道估计结果对负载进行解调，其中，第一增益为根据前导序列确定的，第一信道估计结果是根据前导序列进行初始信道估计得到的。在一些实施例中，电力线通信设备20当负载的接收功率不满足预设条件时，根据在第二频率范围内接收到的负载，确定第二增益。然后电力线通信设备20根据第二增益和第二信道估计结果，对负载进行解调，第二信道估计结果是根据在第二频率范围内接收到的负载得到的。其中，根据在第二频率范围内接收到的负载确定第二增益的方式可以参见本申请实施例中根据额外的信道估计信息确定第二增益的方式，在此不再赘述。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中判断负载的接收功率判断是否满足预设条件的具体实现方式，可以参见图5所示的方法中判断第二接收功率是否满足预设条件的具体实现方式，在此不再赘述。
上述各个实施例可以单独使用，也可以相互结合使用以实现不同的技术效果。
上述本申请提供的实施例中，从电力线通信设备作为执行主体的角度对本申请实施例 提供的通信方法进行了介绍。为了实现上述本申请实施例提供的通信方法中的各功能，终端设备可以包括硬件结构和/或软件模块，以硬件结构、软件模块、或硬件结构加软件模块的形式来实现上述各功能。上述各功能中的某个功能以硬件结构、软件模块、还是硬件结构加软件模块的方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。
与上述构思相同，如图9所示，本申请实施例还提供一种通信装置900，该通信装置900包括收发模块902和处理模块901。
一示例中，通信装置900用于实现上述方法中电力线通信设备10和/或电力线通信设备20的功能。该通信装置900可以是电力线通信设备，也可以是电力线通信设备中的装置。其中，该通信装置可以为芯片系统。本申请实施例中，芯片系统可以由芯片构成，也可以包含芯片和其他分立器件。
在一些实施例中，通信装置900用于实现上述方法中作为发送端设备的电力线通信设备10的功能时，处理模块901用于生成数据帧，其中，数据帧包括第一前导序列、帧头、额外的信道估计信息和负载；第一前导序列至少用于同步；帧头包括第一指示信息，第一指示信息用于指示数据帧的类型为第一数据帧类型；额外的信道估计信息位于帧头和负载之间、且被承载在至少一个符号上。收发模块902用于采用第一PSD在电力线上发送第一前导序列和所述帧头；采用第二PSD在电力线上发送额外的信道估计信息和所述负载，第一PSD与第二PSD不同。
在另一些实施例中通信装置900用于实现上述方法中作为接收端设备的电力线通信设备20的功能时，处理模块901用于当收发模块902在第一频率范围内接收到数据帧的第一前导序列和帧头后，根据第一前导序列对帧头进行解调，并当帧头中包括第一指示信息时，根据额外的信道估计信息对数据帧的负载进行解调；其中，额外的信道估计信息和负载是收发模块902在第二频率范围内接收到的，第一功率谱密度PSD对应功率集中在第一频率范围内，第二PSD对应功率集中在第二频率范围内，第一PSD和第二PSD不同，额外的信道估计信息位于帧头和负载之间、且被承载在至少一个符号上；第一指示信息用于指示数据帧的类型为第一数据帧类型。
关于处理模块901、收发模块902的具体执行过程，可参见上方法实施例中的记载。本申请实施例中对模块的划分是示意性的，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能模块可以集成在一个处理器中，也可以是单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上模块集成在一个模块中。上述集成的模块既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能模块的形式实现。
与上述构思相同，如图10所示，本申请实施例还提供一种通信装置1000。
一示例中，该通信装置1000用于实现上述方法中电力线通信设备10和/或电力线通信设备20的功能，该通信装置1000可以是电力线通信设备，也可以是电力线通信设备中的装置。通信装置1000包括至少一个处理器1001，用于实现上述方法中电力线通信设备10和/或电力线通信设备20的功能。示例地，处理器1001可以用于生成数据帧、或者对帧头、负载进行解调等，具体参见方法中的详细描述，此处不再说明。
在一些实施例中，通信装置1000还可以包括收发器1002，用于通过电力线和其它设备进行通信，从而用于通信装置1000可以和其它设备进行通信。示例性地，收发器1002可以是通信接口、电路、总线、模块或其它类型的通信接口。处理器1001利用收发器1002收发数据帧，并用于实现上述实施例中的通信方法。示例性的，收发器1002可以用于采 用第一PSD在电力线上发送第一前导序列和帧头，采用第二PSD在电力线上发送额外的信道估计信息和负载。
在一些实施例中，通信装置1000还可以包括至少一个存储器1003，用于存储程序指令和/或数据。存储器1003和处理器1001耦合。本申请实施例中的耦合是装置、单元或模块之间的间隔耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式，用于装置、单元或模块之间的信息交互。作为另一种实现，存储器1003还可以位于装置1000之外。处理器1001可以和存储器1002协同操作。处理器1001可能执行存储器1003中存储的程序指令。所述至少一个存储器中的至少一个可以包括于处理器中。
本申请实施例中不限定上述收发器1003、处理器1001以及存储器1002之间的连接介质。例如，本申请实施例在图10中以存储器1002、处理器1001以及收发器1003之间可以通过总线连接，所述总线可以分为地址总线、数据总线、控制总线等。
在本申请实施例中，处理器可以是通用处理器、数字信号处理器、专用集成电路、现场可编程门阵列或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件，可以实现或者执行本申请实施例中的公开的各方法、步骤及逻辑框图。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者任何常规的处理器等。结合本申请实施例所公开的方法的步骤可以直接体现为硬件处理器执行完成，或者用处理器中的硬件及软件模块组合执行完成。
在本申请实施例中，存储器可以是非易失性存储器，比如硬盘(hard disk drive，HDD)或固态硬盘(solid-state drive，SSD)等，还可以是易失性存储器(volatile memory)，例如随机存取存储器(random-access memory，RAM)。存储器是能够用于携带或存储具有指令或数据结构形式的期望的程序代码并能够由计算机存取的任何其他介质，但不限于此。本申请实施例中的存储器还可以是电路或者其它任意能够实现存储功能的装置，用于存储程序指令和/或数据。
本申请实施例提供的方法中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。所述计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令。在计算机上加载和执行所述计算机程序指令时，全部或部分地产生按照本发明实施例所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、网络设备、用户设备或者其他可编程装置。所述计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，所述计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线(例如同轴电缆、光纤、数字用户线(digital subscriber line，简称DSL))或无线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机可以存取的任何可用介质或者是包含一个或多个可用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质(例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带)、光介质(例如，数字视频光盘(digital video disc，简称DVD))、或者半导体介质(例如，SSD)等。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本申请进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本申请的范围。这样，倘若本申请的这些修改和变型属于本申请权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本申请也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (26)

  1. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    发送端设备生成数据帧，其中，所述数据帧包括第一前导序列、帧头、额外的信道估计信息和负载；所述第一前导序列至少用于同步；所述帧头包括第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述数据帧的类型为第一数据帧类型；所述额外的信道估计信息位于所述帧头和所述负载之间、且被承载在至少一个符号上；
    所述发送端设备采用第一PSD在电力线上发送所述第一前导序列和所述帧头；采用第二PSD在电力线上发送所述额外的信道估计信息和所述负载，所述第一PSD与所述第二PSD不同。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述帧头还包括第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息用于指示承载所述额外的信道估计信息的符号的个数和承载所述额外的信道估计信息的符号的类型。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一PSD对应功率集中在第一频率范围内，所述第二PSD对应功率集中在第二频率范围内，所述第一频率范围的上限小于或等于所述第二频率范围的下限。
  4. 如权利要求1至3任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述至少一个符号包括第一部分和第二部分；所述第一部分用于自动增益控制AGC，所述第二部分用于信道估计。
  5. 如权利要求1至4任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述至少一个符号为第二前导序列，所述第二前导序列包括至少一个所述第一前导序列；或者，所述至少一个符号为至少两个额外的信号估计ACE符号。
  6. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    接收端设备在第一频率范围内接收到数据帧的第一前导序列和帧头；第一功率谱密度PSD对应功率集中在所述第一频率范围内；
    所述接收端设备根据所述第一前导序列，对所述帧头进行解调；
    所述接收端设备当所述帧头中包括第一指示信息时，根据所述数据帧的额外的信道估计信息对所述数据帧的负载进行解调；其中，所述额外的信道估计信息和所述负载是在第二频率范围内接收到的，第二PSD对应功率集中在所述第二频率范围内，所述第一PSD和所述第二PSD不同，所述额外的信道估计信息位于所述帧头和所述负载之间、且被承载在至少一个符号上，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述数据帧的类型为第一数据帧类型。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述帧头还包括第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息用于指示承载所述额外的信道估计信息的符号的个数和承载所述额外的信道估计信息的符号的类型。
  8. 如权利要求6或7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一频率范围的上限小于或等于所述第二频率范围的下限。
  9. 如权利要求6至8任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述至少一个符号为第二前导序列，所述第二前导序列包括至少一个所述第一前导序列；或者，所述至少一个符号为至少两个额外的信号估计符号ACE。
  10. 如权利要求6至9任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述至少一个符号包括第一部分和第二部分；所述第一部分用于自动增益控制AGC，所述第二部分用于信道估计；
    所述接收端设备当所述帧头中包括第一指示信息时，根据所述数据帧的额外的信道估计信息对在所述数据帧的负载进行解调，包括：
    所述接收端设备当所述帧头中包括第一指示信息时，根据所述第一部分，确定第一接收功率；所述第一接收功率为所述第一部分的接收功率；
    所述接收端设备当所述第一接收功率满足预设条件时，确定第二增益为第一增益，其中所述第二增益为用于解调所述负载的增益，所述第一增益为用于解调所述帧头的增益；
    所述接收端设备根据所述第二部分，进行信道估计，得到信道估计结果；
    所述接收端设备根据所述第二增益和所述信道估计结果，解调所述负载。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述接收端设备当所述第一接收功率不满足预设条件时，根据所述额外的信道估计信息，对所述第一增益进行调整，得到所述第二增益。
  12. 如权利要求10或11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一接收功率满足所述预设条件包括：
    Figure PCTCN2020072859-appb-100001
    其中，P 1为第一接收功率，P 2为第二接收功率，所述第二接收功率为所述第一前导序列的接收功率，S为预设阈值。
  13. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，所述通信装置包括处理器和收发器；
    其中，所述处理器，用于生成数据帧，其中，所述数据帧包括第一前导序列、帧头、额外的信道估计信息和负载；所述第一前导序列至少用于同步；所述帧头包括第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述数据帧的类型为第一数据帧类型；所述额外的信道估计信息位于所述帧头和所述负载之间、且被承载在至少一个符号上；
    所述收发器，用于采用第一PSD在电力线上发送所述第一前导序列和所述帧头；采用第二PSD在电力线上发送所述额外的信道估计信息和所述负载，所述第一PSD与所述第二PSD不同。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的通信装置，其特征在于，所述帧头还包括第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息用于指示承载所述额外的信道估计信息的符号的个数和承载所述额外的信道估计信息的符号的类型。
  15. 如权利要求13或14所述的通信装置，其特征在于，所述第一PSD对应功率集中在第一频率范围内，所述第二PSD对应功率集中在第二频率范围内，所述第一频率范围的上限小于或等于所述第二频率范围的下限。
  16. 如权利要求13至15任一所述的通信装置，其特征在于，所述至少一个符号包括第一部分和第二部分；所述第一部分用于自动增益控制AGC，所述第二部分用于信道估计。
  17. 如权利要求13至16任一所述的通信装置，其特征在于，所述至少一个符号为第二前导序列，所述第二前导序列包括至少一个所述第一前导序列；或者，所述至少一个符号为至少两个额外的信号估计ACE符号。
  18. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括处理器和收发器；
    其中，所述处理器，用于当所述收发器在第一频率范围内接收到数据帧的第一前导序列和帧头后，根据所述第一前导序列对所述帧头进行解调，并当所述帧头中包括第一指示信息时，根据所述数据帧的额外的信道估计信息对所述数据帧的负载进行解调；
    所述额外的信道估计信息和所述负载是所述收发器在第二频率范围内接收到的，第一功率谱密度PSD对应功率集中在所述第一频率范围内，第二PSD对应功率集中在所述第二频率范围内，所述第一PSD和所述第二PSD不同，所述额外的信道估计信息位于所述帧头和所述负载之间、且被承载在至少一个符号上，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述数据帧的类型为第一数据帧类型。
  19. 如权利要求18所述的通信装置，其特征在于，所述帧头还包括第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息用于指示承载所述额外的信道估计信息的符号的个数和承载所述额外的信道估计信息的符号的类型。
  20. 如权利要求18或19所述的通信装置，其特征在于，所述第一频率范围的上限小于或等于所述第二频率范围的下限。
  21. 如权利要求18至20任一所述的通信装置，其特征在于，所述至少一个符号为第二前导序列，所述第二前导序列包括至少一个所述第一前导序列；或者，所述至少一个符号为至少两个额外的信号估计ACE符号。
  22. 如权利要求18至21任一所述的通信装置，其特征在于，所述至少一个符号包括第一部分和第二部分；所述第一部分用于自动增益控制AGC，所述第二部分用于信道估计；
    所述处理器，用于当所述帧头中包括第一指示信息时，根据所述数据帧的额外的信道估计信息对在所述数据帧的负载进行解调，具体包括：
    所述处理器，用于当所述帧头中包括第一指示信息时，根据所述第一部分，确定第一接收功率；所述第一接收功率为所述第一部分的接收功率；并当所述第一接收功率满足预设条件时，确定第二增益为第一增益；以及根据所述第二部分，进行信道估计，得到信道估计结果；根据所述第二增益和所述信道估计结果，解调所述负载；其中所述第二增益为用于解调所述负载的增益，所述第一增益为用于解调所述帧头的增益。
  23. 如权利要求22所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理器，还用于：
    当所述第一接收功率不满足预设条件时，根据所述额外的信道估计信息，对所述第一增益进行调整，得到所述第二增益。
  24. 如权利要求22或23所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一接收功率满足所述预设条件包括：
    Figure PCTCN2020072859-appb-100002
    其中，P 1为第一接收功率，P 2为第二接收功率，所述第二接收功率为所述第一前导序列的接收功率，S为预设阈值。
  25. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括处理器和存储器，所述存储器中存储有指令，所述处理器执行所述指令时，使得所述装置执行权利要求1至12任一项所述的方法。
  26. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述计算机可读存储介质存储有指令，当所述指令在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行权利要求1至12任一项所述的方法。
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