WO2024016523A1 - 一种通信方法及设备 - Google Patents

一种通信方法及设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024016523A1
WO2024016523A1 PCT/CN2022/130885 CN2022130885W WO2024016523A1 WO 2024016523 A1 WO2024016523 A1 WO 2024016523A1 CN 2022130885 W CN2022130885 W CN 2022130885W WO 2024016523 A1 WO2024016523 A1 WO 2024016523A1
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Prior art keywords
synchronization information
data frame
synchronization
frame
information
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PCT/CN2022/130885
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
蒋晓明
潘稻
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华为技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2024016523A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024016523A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B3/00—Line transmission systems
    • H04B3/54—Systems for transmission via power distribution lines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J3/00—Time-division multiplex systems
    • H04J3/02—Details
    • H04J3/06—Synchronising arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J3/00—Time-division multiplex systems
    • H04J3/02—Details
    • H04J3/06—Synchronising arrangements
    • H04J3/0635—Clock or time synchronisation in a network
    • H04J3/0638—Clock or time synchronisation among nodes; Internode synchronisation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/22—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received using redundant apparatus to increase reliability
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L7/00—Arrangements for synchronising receiver with transmitter

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a communication method and device.
  • PLC power line communication
  • a data frame may include a preamble, a header, and a payload.
  • the preamble is used by the receiving device to perform frame synchronization on the data frame.
  • the transmission environment of the power line channel is harsh and there are various complex noise interferences.
  • impulse noise has periodic and time-varying characteristics.
  • This impulse noise will impact the synchronization sequence in the preamble.
  • the elements in the synchronization sequence will be interfered, which will cause the correlation of the synchronization sequence to be lost, causing the receiving device to be unable to process the data frame. Perform frame synchronization.
  • the present application provides a communication method and device for improving the probability of successful data frame synchronization in a communication system (for example, PLC), thereby effectively improving the communication performance of the communication system.
  • a communication system for example, PLC
  • embodiments of the present application provide a communication method, which is applied to a receiving device.
  • the method includes: receiving a first data frame, where the first data frame includes a plurality of synchronization information; wherein the plurality of synchronization information is used to Frame synchronization: perform frame synchronization on the first data frame based on one or more synchronization information among the plurality of synchronization information.
  • the first data frame includes a plurality of synchronization information, and the plurality of synchronization information is used for synchronization.
  • the receiving end device can then synchronize the first data frame based on one or more synchronization information among the plurality of synchronization information. Perform frame synchronization. Even if part of the synchronization information is damaged, the receiving device can still frame synchronize the first data frame based on the undamaged synchronization information, which can effectively increase the probability of successful data frame synchronization and thereby improve the performance of the communication system.
  • the plurality of synchronization information includes the first synchronization information
  • the receiving device performs frame synchronization on the first data frame based on one or more synchronization information among the plurality of synchronization information, including: based on the first synchronization information , perform frame synchronization on the first data frame.
  • the first synchronization information refers to any synchronization information among the plurality of synchronization information. Therefore, in this design, if there is no damaged synchronization information among the plurality of synchronization information, the receiving device can perform frame synchronization on the first data frame based on any one of the plurality of synchronization information.
  • the first synchronization information includes a first preamble, the first preamble includes a first sequence and a second sequence, and the first sequence is negatively correlated with the second sequence; based on the first synchronization information, the first Frame synchronization of data frames includes: calculating a first correlation coefficient, and determining the boundary of the first sequence based on the first correlation coefficient.
  • the first correlation coefficient is the correlation coefficient between the reference sequence and the first sequence; calculating the second correlation coefficient, and determining the boundary of the first sequence based on the first correlation coefficient.
  • the second correlation coefficient determines the boundary of the second sequence, and the second correlation coefficient is the correlation coefficient between the reference sequence and the second sequence; the boundary of the first preamble is determined based on the boundary of the first sequence and the boundary of the second sequence.
  • the first synchronization information includes a first preamble, and the first preamble includes a negatively correlated first sequence and a second sequence, and then the receiving device determines the boundary of the first sequence and the boundary of the second sequence. Determine the boundary of the preamble to achieve synchronization of the first data frame.
  • the first synchronization information also includes first frame configuration information
  • the first frame configuration information includes a first indication
  • the first indication is used to indicate the length of the first data frame and the space occupied by the first frame configuration information. Number of bits.
  • the receiving device can subsequently obtain the length of the first data frame and the number of bits occupied by the first frame configuration information by demodulating the first frame configuration information.
  • the first data frame also includes a payload;
  • the first frame configuration information also includes a second indication, and the second indication is used to indicate the sequence number of the first synchronization information, and the sequence number is used to determine the difference between the first synchronization information and distance between loads.
  • the receiving device can subsequently locate the payload in the first data frame based on the sequence number.
  • the above method further includes: if the receiving device successfully synchronizes the first data frame based on the first synchronization information, demodulates the first frame configuration information, and then demodulates the first frame configuration information successfully. In case of Number of bits to decode the payload. In this design, the receiving device decodes the payload based on the sequence number of the first synchronization information, the length of the first data frame and the number of bits occupied by the first frame configuration information, which can effectively improve the accuracy of payload decoding.
  • the receiving device decodes the payload based on the sequence number of the first synchronization information, the length of the first data frame and the number of bits occupied by the first frame configuration information, including: based on the sequence number of the first synchronization information , the length of the first data frame and the number of bits occupied by the first frame configuration information, determine the first distance between the first synchronization information and the payload; based on the first distance, determine the payload in the first data frame; translate the payload code.
  • the receiving device locates the payload in the first data frame based on the sequence number of the first synchronization information, the length of the first data frame and the number of bits occupied by the first frame configuration information, which can effectively improve the accuracy of load positioning. .
  • the plurality of synchronization information also includes second synchronization information adjacent to the first synchronization information, and in the first data frame, there is a first interval between the first synchronization information and the second synchronization information.
  • the receiving device can perform channel estimation and demodulate the first frame configuration information within the time corresponding to the first interval.
  • the receiving device decodes the payload based on the sequence number of the first synchronization information, the length of the first data frame and the number of bits occupied by the first frame configuration information, including: based on the first interval, sequence number, The length and number of bits of the first data frame determine the second distance between the first synchronization information and the payload; based on the second distance, the payload is determined in the first data frame; and the payload is decoded.
  • the receiving device can, based on the first interval, the sequence number, the length and the number of bits of the first data frame, in the first data frame Position the load.
  • the above-mentioned payload is located after the last synchronization information among the plurality of synchronization information.
  • the receiving device performs frame synchronization on the first data frame based on one or more synchronization information among the plurality of synchronization information, including: in the case of failure to demodulate the configuration information of the first frame, based on The second synchronization information among the plurality of synchronization information performs frame synchronization on the first data frame.
  • the receiving device can be based on the second synchronization information that is different from the first synchronization information. synchronization information, perform frame synchronization on the first data frame, and decode the payload in the first data frame based on the frame configuration information in the second synchronization information, further improving the probability of successful payload decoding.
  • the plurality of synchronization information also includes second synchronization information; performing frame synchronization on the first data frame based on one or more synchronization information among the plurality of synchronization information includes: based on the first synchronization information If synchronization of the first data frame fails, frame synchronization is performed on the first data frame based on the second synchronization information.
  • the receiving device when the receiving device fails to synchronize the first data frame based on the first synchronization information, the receiving device can perform frame synchronization on the first data frame based on the second synchronization information that is different from the first synchronization information, effectively Improve the synchronization success rate of the first data frame.
  • the receiving device can also send feedback information, and the feedback information is used to indicate that the receiving device has successfully received the first data frame. In this way, it is convenient for the sending device to perceive the data frame reception status of the receiving device.
  • embodiments of the present application also provide another communication method, applied to a sending device.
  • the method includes: determining a first data frame.
  • the first data frame includes a plurality of synchronization information, and the plurality of synchronization information are all Used for frame synchronization; sending the first data frame.
  • the first data frame determined by the sending device includes multiple synchronization information, and the multiple synchronization information is used for frame synchronization, which can effectively improve the receiving device's confidence in successful synchronization of the first data frame. Probability.
  • the first synchronization information among the plurality of synchronization information includes a first preamble, and the first preamble is used for frame synchronization.
  • the first synchronization information includes first frame configuration information
  • the first frame configuration information includes a first indication
  • the first indication is used to indicate the length of the first data frame and the bits occupied by the first frame configuration information. number.
  • the first data frame also includes a payload;
  • the first frame configuration information also includes a second indication, and the second indication is used to indicate the sequence number of the first synchronization information, and the sequence number is used to determine the difference between the first synchronization information and distance between loads.
  • the plurality of synchronization information includes second synchronization information adjacent to the first synchronization information, and there is a first interval between the first synchronization information and the second synchronization information in the first data frame.
  • the payload is located after the last synchronization message among multiple synchronization messages.
  • the method further includes: receiving feedback information, where the feedback information is used to indicate that the receiving device has successfully received the first data frame.
  • embodiments of the present application further provide a communication device, which includes a module for executing the method described in the first aspect and any possible design of the first aspect.
  • the communication device may include:
  • a communication module configured to receive a first data frame, where the first data frame includes a plurality of synchronization information; wherein the plurality of synchronization information is used for frame synchronization;
  • a processing module configured to perform frame synchronization on the first data frame based on one or more synchronization information among the plurality of synchronization information.
  • the plurality of synchronization information includes first synchronization information
  • the processing module is specifically configured to: perform frame synchronization on the first data frame based on the first synchronization information.
  • the first synchronization information refers to any synchronization information among the plurality of synchronization information.
  • the first synchronization information includes a first preamble, the first preamble includes a first sequence and a second sequence, and the first sequence is negatively correlated with the second sequence;
  • the processing module is specifically configured to: calculate the first Correlation coefficient, and determine the boundary of the first sequence based on the first correlation coefficient, which is the correlation coefficient between the reference sequence and the first sequence; calculate the second correlation coefficient, and determine the boundary of the second sequence based on the second correlation coefficient,
  • the second correlation coefficient is the correlation coefficient between the reference sequence and the second sequence; the boundary of the first preamble is determined based on the boundary of the first sequence and the boundary of the second sequence.
  • the first synchronization information also includes first frame configuration information, the first frame configuration information includes a first indication, and the first indication is used to indicate the length of the first data frame and the space occupied by the first frame configuration information. Number of bits.
  • the first data frame also includes a payload;
  • the first frame configuration information also includes a second indication, and the second indication is used to indicate the sequence number of the first synchronization information, and the sequence number is used to determine the difference between the first synchronization information and distance between loads.
  • the processing module is also configured to: when synchronization of the first data frame is successful based on the first synchronization information, demodulate the first frame configuration information, and demodulate the first frame configuration information. If the adjustment is successful, obtain the sequence number of the first synchronization information and the number of bits occupied by the first frame configuration information; and based on the sequence number of the first synchronization information, the length of the first data frame and the number of bits occupied by the first frame configuration information number to decode the payload.
  • the processing module is specifically configured to: determine the first synchronization information and the payload based on the sequence number of the first synchronization information, the length of the first data frame and the number of bits occupied by the first frame configuration information. A distance; based on the first distance, determine the payload in the first data frame; decode the payload.
  • the plurality of synchronization information also includes second synchronization information adjacent to the first synchronization information, and in the first data frame, there is a first interval between the first synchronization information and the second synchronization information.
  • the processing module is specifically configured to: determine the second distance between the first synchronization information and the payload based on the first interval, sequence number, length and number of bits of the first data frame; based on the second distance, Determine the payload in the first data frame; decode the payload.
  • the above-mentioned payload is located after the last synchronization information among the plurality of synchronization information.
  • the processing module is specifically configured to: perform frame synchronization on the first data frame based on the second synchronization information among the plurality of synchronization information when demodulation of the first frame configuration information fails.
  • the plurality of synchronization information also includes second synchronization information; the processing module is specifically configured to: when synchronization of the first data frame fails based on the first synchronization information, synchronize the first data frame based on the second synchronization information. Data frames perform frame synchronization.
  • the receiving device can also send feedback information, and the feedback information is used to indicate that the receiving device has successfully received the first data frame.
  • embodiments of the present application further provide a communication device, including: a transceiver, configured to receive a first data frame, where the first data frame includes a plurality of synchronization information; wherein the plurality of synchronization information are Used for frame synchronization; the processor performs frame synchronization on the first data frame based on one or more synchronization information among the plurality of synchronization information.
  • embodiments of the present application further provide a communication device, which includes a module for executing the method described in the second aspect and any possible design of the second aspect.
  • the communication device includes:
  • a processing module configured to determine the first data frame, where the first data frame includes a plurality of synchronization information, and the plurality of synchronization information is used for frame synchronization;
  • Communication module used to send the first data frame.
  • embodiments of the present application further provide a communication device, including: a processor that determines a first data frame, where the first data frame includes a plurality of synchronization information; wherein the plurality of synchronization information are used for Frame synchronization; transceiver for the first data frame.
  • embodiments of the present application further provide a communication system, including the communication device described in the third aspect and the communication device described in the fifth aspect.
  • embodiments of the present application further provide a computer-readable storage medium.
  • a computer program is stored in the computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is run on a computer, it causes the computer to execute the first aspect and The method described in any possible design of the first aspect or the method described in the second aspect and any possible design of the second aspect.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a data frame (second data frame);
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a type of impulse noise in power line communications
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of another type of impulse noise in power line communications
  • Figure 4 is a schematic topological structure diagram of a PLC system applicable to the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a preamble sequence
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of impulse noise of multi-function gateway equipment
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the synchronization performance of multi-function gateway equipment in an impulse noise scenario
  • Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the decoding performance of a multi-function gateway device in an impulse noise scenario
  • Figure 9 is a schematic flow chart of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 10 is one of the schematic diagrams of the first data frame provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 11 is the second schematic diagram of the first data frame provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 12 is the third schematic diagram of the first data frame provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 13 is the fourth schematic diagram of the first data frame provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 14 is a fifth schematic diagram of the first data frame provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 15A is the sixth schematic diagram of the first data frame provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 15B is the seventh schematic diagram of the first data frame provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the corresponding synchronization performance of the first data frame and the second data frame provided by the embodiment of the present application;
  • Figure 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 18 is a schematic structural diagram of a chip system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Frame synchronization that is, identifying the starting position and ending position of a frame.
  • Data frame is a data unit used for communication in PLC. It can also be called signal frame or physical frame.
  • the data frame in the existing technology includes a preamble, a frame header and a payload.
  • the preamble can be used to frame synchronize the data frame.
  • the preamble can also be used for initial channel estimation (initial channel estimation) or automatic gain control (automatic gain control, AGC), etc.
  • the frame header includes some parameter information of the physical (PHY) layer, such as the identification (ID) of the sending device (also called source identification (SID)), the ID of the receiving device (also called It is called destination identification (DID)), etc.
  • the frame header may include at least one consecutive orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol.
  • OFDM orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
  • the first data frame provided by the embodiment of the present application includes a payload and a plurality of synchronization information, the plurality of synchronization information is used for frame synchronization, and the payload is used to carry data to be transmitted.
  • Each synchronization information may include a preamble and a frame configuration information.
  • the preamble includes multiple synchronization sequences, each synchronization sequence is used to achieve frame synchronization of the first data frame, and the preamble can also be used for initial channel estimation and/or AGC, etc.
  • the frame configuration information includes the first indication and
  • the second indication is used to indicate the length of the first data frame and the number of bits occupied by the first frame configuration information.
  • the second indication is used to indicate the sequence number of the first synchronization information.
  • the sequence number is used to determine the difference between the first synchronization information and the first synchronization information. distance between loads.
  • the frame configuration information also includes the coding rate and modulation mode of the frame configuration information, which facilitates the receiving device to demodulate the frame configuration information.
  • the first data frame in the embodiment of the present application may be improved based on the second data frame in the prior art (that is, the data frame shown in Figure 1), and may also be called an enhanced data frame.
  • the difference between the first data frame and the second data frame is that the first data frame includes a plurality of synchronization information.
  • Boundary refers to the last element of the synchronization sequence included in the preamble.
  • the last element of each group of the first sequence or the second sequence is considered a boundary.
  • the boundary of the preamble may be determined.
  • Power line communication equipment is equipment used to realize power line communication.
  • the power line communication device includes a sending device and a receiving device.
  • the sending device is a device used to send data frames through a power line, such as a power data collector;
  • the receiving device is a power line communication device used to receive data frames through a power line, such as a power cat.
  • the power line may be a copper power line, such as a plastic copper wire.
  • the power line may include one or more bridge nodes.
  • the bridge nodes are sockets or power distribution boxes.
  • Each bridge node can be connected to one or more powered devices.
  • the electrical equipment in the embodiment of the present application may include household appliances (such as refrigerators, telephones, air conditioners) and/or power cats, etc.
  • the power line shown in Figure 4 includes bridge nodes T1, T2, T3, ..., T_N-1, T_N.
  • the power line communication device 10 is connected to the bridge node T1
  • the power line communication device 20 is connected to the bridge node T_N.
  • the power line communication device 10 is a sending device in the PLC
  • the power line communication device 20 is a receiving device in the PLC.
  • Figure 4 is only an example of a topological structure of a PLC.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the number and/or location of power line communication devices connected to the bridge node, nor does it limit the number and/or location of the bridge node on the power line. , or the number and/or location of electrical equipment, etc.
  • Data may be transmitted between the power line communication device 10 and the power line communication device 20 in the form of a data frame
  • the preamble in the data frame includes a first sequence and a second sequence.
  • the first sequence is an S1 sequence
  • the second sequence is an S2 sequence.
  • the S1 sequence and S2 sequence are used for frame synchronization of data frames. For example, after the power line communication device 20 receives the data frame, it can determine the boundaries of the seven S1 sequences and the two S2 sequences. After determining the boundaries of the seven S1 sequences and the two S2 sequences, it can complete the processing of the data frame. frame synchronization.
  • the S1 sequence and/or the S2 sequence may be damaged by the impulse noise, causing the power line communication device 20 to be unable to frame synchronize the data frame, resulting in poor communication performance of the PLC system.
  • the multifunctional gateway device may generate impulse noise as shown in FIG. 6 .
  • Figure 7 is a performance diagram of the multi-function gateway device performing frame synchronization on the data frames it receives in a scenario where impulse noise exists.
  • the S1 sequence or S2 sequence in the preamble in the data frame received by the multi-function gateway device will be damaged by the impulse noise, thereby reducing the multi-function gateway device's sensitivity to the data frame.
  • Synchronization performance when the bit error rate is 1E-3, the synchronization performance of the multi-function gateway device can only withstand -72dB attenuation of the data frame, making the communication performance of the PLC system poor.
  • Figure 8 is a performance diagram of a multi-function gateway device decoding the payload in the data frame it receives based on payload encoding algorithms of various code lengths and rates in the presence of impulse noise.
  • the payload (PLD) encoding algorithm includes the low-density check-parity code (LDPC) encoding algorithm and the Polar encoding algorithm, specifically including: PLD-LDPC-N960RR1/2 (that is, using code The LDPC encoding algorithm with a rate of 0.5 and an information bit of 960 bits is used to encode and decode the payload), PLD-Polar-K264N512 (that is, the Polar encoding algorithm with an information bit of 264 bits and a code length of 512 bits is used to encode and decode the payload), PLD-Polar-K504N1024 (That is, the Polar encoding algorithm with 504 bits of information bits and code length of 1024 bits is used to encode and decode the payload), and PLD-Polar-K960N2048 (
  • embodiments of the present application provide a communication method.
  • the sending device carries multiple synchronization information in the first data frame.
  • the multiple synchronization information is used for frame synchronization.
  • the receiving device can based on the multiple synchronization information.
  • One or more synchronization information to perform frame synchronization on the first data frame.
  • the receiving device can still perform frame synchronization on the first data frame based on the undamaged part of the synchronization information, thereby effectively improving the success rate of synchronization of the first data frame, that is, effectively improving the receiving device's ability to synchronize the first data frame. Synchronization performance of a data frame, thereby improving the performance of the communication system.
  • FIG. 9 is a flow chart of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication method can be applied to the system architecture shown in FIG. 4 .
  • S901 The sending device determines the first data frame.
  • the first data frame may include multiple synchronization information, and the multiple synchronization information are all used for frame synchronization.
  • the first data frame can be implemented in a variety of ways. Examples are introduced below.
  • the first data frame includes N pieces of synchronization information, namely synchronization information 1 to synchronization information N, and includes a payload.
  • synchronization information 1 to synchronization information N can be used to perform frame synchronization on the first data frame
  • the payload can be used to carry data to be transmitted.
  • N is an integer greater than or equal to 2.
  • each synchronization information in the first data frame includes a preamble and a frame configuration information.
  • Figure 11 only shows the preamble and frame configuration information included in the synchronization information 1.
  • the synchronization information 2 to the preamble and frame configuration information included in the synchronization information N which are not shown in Figure 11.
  • the content included in the frame configuration information is as shown in Figure 12, and may include a first indication and a second indication.
  • the first indication is used to indicate the length of the first data frame and the number of bits occupied by the frame configuration information
  • the second indication is used to indicate the sequence number of synchronization information 1.
  • the first interval may include interval 1, interval 2, ..., and interval N-1
  • the second interval is interval N.
  • any two intervals among interval 1, interval 2, ..., and interval N may be the same or different, and are not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • setting the first interval between any two adjacent synchronization information allows the receiving device to perform channel estimation, demodulate the first frame configuration information, etc. within the time corresponding to the first interval. and, setting a second interval between the last synchronization information among the N synchronization information and the payload, so that the receiving device can also demodulate the frame configuration information in one or more synchronization information within the time corresponding to the second interval. , thereby allowing the receiving device to have enough time to demodulate multiple frame configuration information.
  • the first data frame shown in any one of Figures 10 to 13 is only an example, and is not a limitation on the first data frame. Moreover, since the first data frame shown in any one of Figures 10 to 13 is proposed to improve the success rate of frame synchronization, the first data frame is, for example, the second data specified for the power line communication protocol. Frame (shown in Figure 1) is obtained after improvements. For example, the reserved field in the second data frame can be used, and the reserved field includes the above plurality of synchronization information, so that the first data frame can be obtained.
  • S902 The sending device sends the first data frame.
  • the receiving device receives the first data frame.
  • the sending device and the receiving device are connected through a power line, and the sending device can send the first data frame to the receiving device through the power line.
  • the sending device Take the sending device as a power data collector and the receiving device as an energy meter as an example.
  • the power data collector can encapsulate the power data into a first data frame and send the first data frame to the electric energy meter.
  • the receiving device performs frame synchronization on the first data frame based on one or more synchronization information among the plurality of synchronization information.
  • the receiving device performs frame synchronization on the first data frame based on one or more synchronization information among the plurality of synchronization information. In this way, even if part of the synchronization information among the plurality of synchronization information is damaged, the receiving device can still perform frame synchronization on the first data frame based on the undamaged synchronization information, thereby effectively improving the synchronization success rate of the first data frame.
  • the following describes the process of frame synchronization of the first data frame by the receiving device based on different situations.
  • Case 1 There is no synchronization information damaged by impulse noise among multiple synchronization information.
  • the receiving device may perform frame synchronization on the first data frame based on the first synchronization information.
  • the first synchronization information may be any one of the plurality of synchronization information. That is to say, the receiving device can perform frame synchronization on the first data frame based on any one of the plurality of synchronization information.
  • the first synchronization information includes a first preamble
  • the first preamble includes a first sequence and a second sequence
  • the first sequence is negatively correlated with the second sequence.
  • the receiving device may calculate a first correlation coefficient, and determine the boundary of the first sequence according to the first correlation coefficient, where the first correlation coefficient is the correlation coefficient between the reference sequence and the first sequence.
  • the receiving device can also calculate a second correlation coefficient, and determine the boundary of the second sequence according to the second correlation coefficient, where the second correlation coefficient is the correlation coefficient between the reference sequence and the second sequence.
  • the receiving device may determine the boundary of the first preamble based on the boundary of the first sequence and the boundary of the second sequence. In this way, the sending device sets the first preamble in the first synchronization information.
  • the first preamble includes the negatively correlated first sequence and the second sequence, so that the receiving device can determine the boundary of the first sequence and the boundary of the second sequence. boundary to determine the boundary of the preamble to achieve frame synchronization of the first data frame, effectively simplifying the process of synchronization of the first data frame.
  • the first sequence and the second sequence are synchronization sequences in the first preamble.
  • the first sequence or the second sequence may specifically be one or more sequences, and are not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the first sequence may be 7 S1 sequences
  • the second sequence may be 2 S2 sequences.
  • "the first sequence is negatively correlated with the second sequence” can be understood to mean that the elements included in the second sequence are the negative numbers of the elements included in the first sequence.
  • the "reference sequence” is, for example, a root sequence stored locally in the receiving device, or it may be a sequence predefined by the power line communication protocol.
  • the boundary of the first sequence is the last element in the first sequence; the boundary of the second sequence is the last element in the second sequence.
  • the boundary of the preamble is the last element of each synchronization sequence included in the preamble, that is, the boundary of the preamble includes the last element in the first sequence and the last element in the second sequence included in the preamble.
  • the receiving device may calculate a first correlation coefficient between the reference sequence and the first sequence by performing correlation processing on the reference sequence and the first sequence, and then determine the boundary of the first sequence based on the first correlation coefficient.
  • the receiving device can calculate the second correlation coefficient by performing correlation processing on the reference sequence and the second sequence, and then determine the boundary of the second sequence based on the second correlation coefficient.
  • related processing such as addition and multiplication operations.
  • the receiving device performs correlation processing on the reference sequence and the first sequence, and the obtained first correlation coefficient is (R1*(+1)+R2*(0)+R3*(0)+R4*(+1)+R5*( 0)+R6*(-1)+R7*(+1)+R8*(-1));
  • the receiving device performs correlation processing on the reference sequence and the second sequence, and the obtained second correlation coefficient is (R1*(+1)+R2*(0)+R3*(0)+R4 *(+1)+R5*(0)+R6*(-1)+R7*(+1)+R8*(-1)).
  • a way for the receiving device to determine the boundary of the first sequence based on the first correlation coefficient is that if the first correlation coefficient is greater than the first threshold, the receiving device determines the boundary of the first sequence; or, If the first correlation coefficient is less than or equal to the first threshold, the receiving device continues to perform correlation processing on the first sequence within the preset synchronization time to continue to find the boundary of the first sequence.
  • one way for the receiving device to determine the boundary of the second sequence based on the second correlation coefficient is that if the second correlation coefficient is less than the second threshold, the receiving device determines the boundary of the second sequence; or, if the second correlation coefficient is greater than or equal to the second threshold, then the receiving device continues to perform correlation processing (ie, correlation detection) on the second sequence within the preset synchronization time to continue to search for the boundary of the second sequence. Further, the receiving device determines the boundary of the first preamble according to the boundary of the first sequence and the boundary of the second sequence.
  • the preset synchronization time may be predefined by the protocol, or may be a time pre-negotiated by both the receiving device and the sending device. The specific values of the first threshold and the second threshold are not specifically limited in the embodiments of this application.
  • the first synchronization information is synchronization information 1 in the first data frame
  • the preset synchronization time is, for example, 50 us.
  • Synchronization information 1 includes 7 first sequences, each of which is 7 S1 sequences
  • synchronization information 1 includes 2 second sequences, each of which is 2 S2 sequences.
  • the receiving device performs correlation processing on these seven S1 sequences in sequence to obtain the first correlation coefficient corresponding to each S1 sequence.
  • the receiving device If the first correlation coefficient corresponding to each S1 sequence is greater than the first threshold, it is determined that the boundaries of these seven S1 sequences have been found; otherwise, if there is a first correlation coefficient less than or equal to the first threshold among these seven S1 sequences, S1 sequence, before the preset synchronization time arrives, the receiving device continues to perform correlation processing on the S1 sequence whose first correlation coefficient is less than or equal to the first threshold until it is determined that the boundaries of these seven S1 sequences are found, where the receiving device During the continued processing, the S1 sequence whose first correlation coefficient is greater than the first threshold among these seven S1 sequences may no longer be processed. Similarly, the receiving device performs correlation processing on the two S2 sequences in sequence to obtain the second correlation coefficient corresponding to each S2 sequence.
  • the receiving device will perform correlation processing on the S2 whose second correlation coefficient is less than the second threshold among the two S2 sequences. The sequence can no longer be processed.
  • the receiving device can determine the boundary of the preamble based on 7 S1 sequences and 2 S2 sequences, and complete frame synchronization of the first data frame.
  • the first synchronization information includes the first frame configuration information. If the receiving device successfully synchronizes the first data frame based on the first synchronization information, the first frame configuration information can be demodulated. , and when the first frame configuration information is successfully demodulated, the sequence number of the first synchronization information is obtained, and the number of bits occupied by the first frame configuration information is obtained. The receiving device may decode the payload included in the first data frame based on the sequence number of the first synchronization information, the length of the first data frame, and the number of bits occupied by the first frame configuration information.
  • the receiving device can demodulate the first frame configuration information using a demodulation method pre-agreed with the sending device or a demodulation method specified in the protocol.
  • the first data frame includes synchronization information 1 and synchronization information 2, and synchronization information 1 and synchronization information 2 respectively occupy 24 bits.
  • the first synchronization information is synchronization information 1
  • the first frame configuration information is frame configuration information 1 in synchronization information 1.
  • the frame configuration information 1 in the synchronization information 1 includes a first indication and a second indication.
  • the first indication may indicate that the sequence number of the synchronization information 1 is 1
  • the second indication may indicate that the length of the first data frame is 64 bits.
  • the frame configuration information 1 Occupies 16 bits.
  • the receiving device After the receiving device demodulates the frame configuration information 1, it can obtain the first indication and the second indication, and then the receiving device can learn the sequence number of the synchronization information 1, the length of the first data frame and the number of bits occupied by the frame configuration information 1.
  • the receiving device configures the first frame After the information is demodulated, the length of the first data frame and the number of bits occupied by the first frame configuration information can be obtained.
  • the receiving device decodes the payload based on the sequence number of the first synchronization information, the length and the number of bits of the first data frame, including but not limited to the following implementations:
  • Embodiment 1 The receiving device determines the first distance between the first synchronization information and the payload based on the sequence number of the first synchronization information, the length of the first data frame and the number of bits occupied by the first frame configuration information; and based on the first distance , determine the payload in the first data frame, and decode the payload.
  • the first data frame includes synchronization information 1 and synchronization information 2.
  • Synchronization information 1 and synchronization information 2 each occupy 24 bits. If the first synchronization information used by the receiving device for frame synchronization of the first data frame is synchronization information 1, the sequence number of synchronization information 1 is 1, the length of the first data frame is 64 bits, and frame configuration information 1 occupies 16 bits; then The receiving device can determine that the interval (ie, the first distance) between the synchronization information 1 and the payload is 24 bits based on the sequence number of the synchronization information 1, the length of the first data frame, and the number of bits occupied by the frame configuration information 1. Correspondingly, the receiving device determines the payload in the first data frame based on the first distance, and decodes the payload.
  • two adjacent synchronization information among the plurality of synchronization information also include a first interval, and then the receiving device determines the first interval based on the first interval, the sequence number of the first synchronization information, the length and the number of bits of the first data frame.
  • a second distance between the synchronization information and the payload based on the second distance, determine the payload in the first data frame, and decode the payload.
  • the first data frame includes synchronization information 1, synchronization information 2, synchronization information 3, and synchronization information 4.
  • Synchronization information 1, synchronization information 2, synchronization information 3, and synchronization information 4 each occupy 24 bits, the first intervals are interval 1, interval 2 and interval 3.
  • there is an interval 1 between synchronization information 1 and synchronization information 2 there is an interval 2 between synchronization information 2 and synchronization information 3
  • the receiving device determines the interval between synchronization information 1 and the load (i.e., the first distance) is 84 bits.
  • the receiving device determines the payload in the first data frame based on the second distance, and decodes the payload.
  • two adjacent synchronization information among the plurality of synchronization information further include a first interval, and there is a second interval between the last synchronization information among the N pieces of synchronization information and the payload.
  • the receiving device can determine the third distance between the first synchronization information and the payload based on the first interval, the second interval, the sequence number of the first synchronization information, the length and the number of bits of the first data frame; based on the third distance , determine the payload in the first data frame, and decode the payload.
  • the first data frame includes synchronization information 1, synchronization information 2, synchronization information 3, and synchronization information 4.
  • Synchronization information 1, synchronization information 2, synchronization information 3, and synchronization information 4 each occupy 24 bits
  • the first intervals are Interval 1, Interval 2, and Interval 3
  • the second intervals are Interval 4.
  • there is an interval 1 between synchronization information 1 and synchronization information 2 there is an interval 2 between synchronization information 2 and synchronization information 3
  • there is an interval 3 between synchronization information 3 and synchronization information 4 there is an interval 4 between synchronization information 4 and the load.
  • interval 1, interval 2, interval 3 and interval 4 are all 4 bits.
  • the receiving device determines the interval between synchronization information 1 and the payload ( That is, the third distance) is 88 bits.
  • the receiving device determines the payload in the first data frame based on the third distance, and decodes the payload.
  • the receiving device can accurately locate the payload in the first data frame and decode the payload, effectively improving the accuracy of payload decoding.
  • Case 2 The receiving device performs frame synchronization on the first data frame based on the first synchronization information and the second synchronization information, including: the receiving device successfully synchronizes the first data frame based on the first synchronization information, but fails to perform frame synchronization on the first data frame based on the first synchronization information. If demodulation of the first frame configuration information fails, frame synchronization is performed on the first data frame based on the second synchronization information.
  • the failure to demodulate the configuration information of the first frame can be understood as failure to demodulate successfully or a demodulation error.
  • the first data frame is mis-synchronized, and therefore the first data frame needs to be synchronized again based on the second synchronization information. In this way, in case 2, the success rate of synchronization of the first data frame by the receiving device can be further improved.
  • Example 1 please continue to refer to Figure 15A or Figure 15B.
  • the first synchronization information is synchronization information 1
  • the second synchronization information is synchronization information 2. If the receiving device successfully synchronizes the first data frame based on synchronization information 1 but fails to demodulate the frame configuration information in synchronization information 1, it performs frame synchronization on the first data frame based on synchronization information 2.
  • Example 2 please continue to refer to Figure 15A or Figure 15B.
  • the first synchronization information is synchronization information 3
  • the second synchronization information is synchronization information 4. If the receiving device successfully synchronizes the first data frame based on synchronization information 3 but fails to demodulate the frame configuration information in synchronization information 3, it performs frame synchronization on the first data frame based on synchronization information 4.
  • Case 3 The receiving device performs frame synchronization on the first data frame based on the first synchronization information and the second synchronization information, including: in the case of failure to synchronize the first data frame based on the first synchronization information, synchronizing the first data frame based on the second synchronization information.
  • the first data frame performs frame synchronization.
  • the receiving device can also synchronize the first data frame again based on the second synchronization information. In this way, the first data frame synchronization success rate can be effectively improved.
  • Example 1 please continue to refer to Figure 15A or Figure 15B.
  • the first synchronization information is synchronization information 1
  • the second synchronization information is synchronization information 2. If the receiving device fails to synchronize the first data frame based on synchronization information 1, the receiving device may perform frame synchronization on the first data frame based on synchronization information 2.
  • Example 2 please continue to refer to Figure 15A or Figure 15B.
  • the first synchronization information is synchronization information 3
  • the second synchronization information is synchronization information 4. If the receiving device fails to synchronize the first data frame based on synchronization information 3, the receiving device may perform frame synchronization on the first data frame based on synchronization information 4.
  • the receiving device performs frame synchronization on the first data frame, including: first, the receiving device performs frame synchronization on the first data frame based on the first synchronization information; if the receiving device fails to synchronize the first data frame based on the first synchronization information , perform frame synchronization on the first data frame based on the second synchronization information; if synchronization of the first data frame based on the second synchronization information fails, perform frame synchronization on the first data frame based on the third synchronization information.
  • the receiving device can also re-synchronize the first data frame based on the second synchronization information; and after synchronizing the first data frame based on the second synchronization information, When frame synchronization fails, frame synchronization is performed on the first data frame based on the third synchronization information. In this way, the success rate of the first data frame synchronization can be effectively improved.
  • Example 1 please continue to refer to Figure 15A or Figure 15B.
  • the first synchronization information is synchronization information 1
  • the second synchronization information is synchronization information 2
  • the third synchronization information is synchronization information 3.
  • the receiving device fails to synchronize the first data frame based on synchronization information 1
  • the receiving device can perform frame synchronization on the first data frame based on synchronization information 2; further, the receiving device fails to synchronize the first data frame based on synchronization information 2.
  • the receiving device may perform frame synchronization on the first data frame based on the synchronization information 3.
  • Example 2 please continue to refer to Figure 15A or Figure 15B.
  • the first synchronization information is synchronization information 2
  • the second synchronization information is synchronization information 3
  • the third synchronization information is synchronization information 4.
  • the receiving device fails to synchronize the first data frame based on synchronization information 2
  • the receiving device can perform frame synchronization on the first data frame based on synchronization information 3; further, when the receiving device fails to synchronize the first data frame based on synchronization information 3
  • the receiving device may perform frame synchronization on the first data frame based on the synchronization information 4.
  • the plurality of synchronization information includes first synchronization information, second synchronization information, third synchronization information and fourth synchronization information.
  • the receiving device performs frame synchronization on the first data frame, including: based on the first synchronization information, performing frame synchronization on the first data frame.
  • the data frame performs frame synchronization; if the receiving device fails to synchronize the first data frame based on the first synchronization information, it performs frame synchronization on the first data frame based on the second synchronization information; if the receiving device fails to synchronize the first data frame based on the second synchronization information.
  • Example 1 please continue to refer to Figure 15A or Figure 15B.
  • the first synchronization information is synchronization information 1
  • the second synchronization information is synchronization information 2
  • the third synchronization information is synchronization information 3
  • the fourth synchronization information is synchronization information 4. If the receiving device fails to synchronize the first data frame based on synchronization information 1, the receiving device can perform frame synchronization on the first data frame based on synchronization information 2; further, the receiving device fails to synchronize the first data frame based on synchronization information 2.
  • the receiving device can perform frame synchronization on the first data frame based on synchronization information 3; further, if the receiving device fails to synchronize the first data frame based on synchronization information 3, the receiving device can perform frame synchronization on the first data frame based on synchronization information 4. Data frames perform frame synchronization.
  • the receiving device may also send feedback information to the sending device, where the feedback information is used to indicate that the first data frame has been successfully received.
  • the sending device receives the feedback information.
  • the receiving device may send the feedback information after the first data frame of the receiving device, or may send the feedback information after synchronizing the first data frame, or may send the feedback information after demodulating the first frame configuration information.
  • the embodiments of this application are not limited. In this way, it is convenient for the sending device to perceive the reception status or synchronization status of the first data frame by the receiving device, and then the sending device can perform corresponding operations. For example, in the case where the receiving device fails to synchronize the first data frame, the sending device may resend the first data frame to the receiving device.
  • Figure 16 shows the synchronization performance of the first data frame in the embodiment of the present application and the second data frame in the prior art (the data frame shown in Figure 1) in a scenario where impulse noise exists.
  • the bit error rate is 1E-3
  • the synchronization performance corresponding to the first data frame is 83dB
  • the synchronization performance corresponding to the second data frame is 73dB. It can be seen that using the frame format of the first data frame to transmit the transmission data can significantly improve the synchronization performance of the data frame, thereby improving the communication performance of the PLC, compared to using the frame format of the second data frame to transmit the transmission data.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a communication device.
  • the structure of the device is shown in Figure 17 and includes a communication module 1701 and a processing module 1702.
  • the communication device 1700 can be applied to the power line communication device 10 (transmitting device) or the power line communication device 20 (receiving device) in the communication system shown in Figure 4, and can implement the above embodiments and the communication method provided by the embodiments.
  • the communication device 1700 can be applied to a receiving device.
  • the communication module 1701 is used to receive the first data frame, and the first data frame includes multiple synchronization information; wherein the multiple synchronization information is used for frame synchronization;
  • the processing module 1702 is configured to perform frame synchronization on the first data frame based on one or more synchronization information among the plurality of synchronization information.
  • the plurality of synchronization information includes first synchronization information
  • the processing module 1702 is specifically configured to: perform frame synchronization on the first data frame based on the first synchronization information.
  • the first synchronization information refers to any synchronization information among the plurality of synchronization information.
  • the first synchronization information includes a first preamble, the first preamble includes a first sequence and a second sequence, and the first sequence is negatively correlated with the second sequence;
  • the processing module 1702 is specifically used to: calculate The first correlation coefficient is the correlation coefficient between the reference sequence and the first sequence, and the boundary of the first sequence is determined based on the first correlation coefficient.
  • the second correlation coefficient is calculated, and the boundary of the second sequence is determined based on the second correlation coefficient. boundary, the second correlation coefficient is the correlation coefficient between the reference sequence and the second sequence; the boundary of the first preamble is determined based on the boundary of the first sequence and the boundary of the second sequence.
  • the first synchronization information also includes first frame configuration information, the first frame configuration information includes a first indication, and the first indication is used to indicate the length of the first data frame and the occupation of the first frame configuration information. number of bits.
  • the first data frame also includes a payload;
  • the first frame configuration information also includes a second indication, and the second indication is used to indicate the sequence number of the first synchronization information, and the sequence number is used to determine the first synchronization information. distance from the load.
  • the processing module 1702 is also configured to: when synchronization of the first data frame is successful based on the first synchronization information, demodulate the first frame configuration information, and configure the first frame If the information demodulation is successful, the sequence number of the first synchronization information and the number of bits occupied by the first frame configuration information are obtained; and based on the sequence number of the first synchronization information, the length of the first data frame and the occupation of the first frame configuration information The number of bits to decode the payload.
  • the processing module 1702 is specifically configured to: determine the relationship between the first synchronization information and the payload based on the sequence number of the first synchronization information, the length of the first data frame and the number of bits occupied by the first frame configuration information. a first distance; based on the first distance, determine the payload in the first data frame; decode the payload.
  • the plurality of synchronization information also includes second synchronization information adjacent to the first synchronization information, and in the first data frame, there is a first interval between the first synchronization information and the second synchronization information. .
  • the processing module 1702 is specifically configured to: determine the second distance between the first synchronization information and the payload based on the first interval, sequence number, length and number of bits of the first data frame; distance, determine the payload in the first data frame; decode the payload.
  • the above-mentioned payload is located after the last synchronization information among the plurality of synchronization information.
  • the processing module 1702 is specifically configured to: perform frame synchronization on the first data frame based on the second synchronization information among the plurality of synchronization information when the demodulation of the first frame configuration information fails.
  • the plurality of synchronization information also includes second synchronization information; the processing module 1702 is specifically configured to: when synchronization of the first data frame fails based on the first synchronization information, synchronize the first data frame based on the second synchronization information.
  • the first data frame performs frame synchronization.
  • the communication device 1700 may be applied to a sending device.
  • the processing module 1702 is used to determine the first data frame, and the first data frame includes a plurality of synchronization information, and the plurality of synchronization information is used for frame synchronization; the communication module 1701 is used to send the first data frame.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a chip system, see Figure 18.
  • the chip system 1800 includes at least one processor.
  • the program instructions are executed in at least one processor 1801, the above-mentioned steps in the embodiment shown in Figure 4 are achieved. Communication methods are implemented.
  • the chip system also includes a communication interface 1803, which is used to input or output information.
  • the chip system also includes a memory 1802, which is coupled to the processor through the communication interface 1803 and used to store the above instructions, so that the processor can read the instructions stored in the memory through the communication interface 1803.
  • connection medium between the above-mentioned processor 1801, memory 1802 and communication interface 1803 is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the memory 1802, the processor 1801 and the communication interface 1803 are connected through a communication bus 1804 in Figure 18.
  • the bus is represented by a thick line in Figure 18.
  • the connection between other components is only a schematic illustration. , not as a limitation.
  • the bus may include an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of presentation, only one thick line is used in Figure 18, but it does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus, etc.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium that stores a computer program.
  • the communication method in the embodiment shown in FIG. 9 is implemented.
  • the above embodiments can be combined with each other to achieve different technical effects.
  • embodiments of the present application may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment that combines software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
  • computer-usable storage media including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.
  • These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that causes a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to operate in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including the instruction means, the instructions
  • the device implements the functions specified in a process or processes of the flowchart and/or a block or blocks of the block diagram.
  • These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device, causing a series of operating steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable device to produce computer-implemented processing, thereby executing on the computer or other programmable device.
  • Instructions provide steps for implementing the functions specified in a process or processes of a flowchart diagram and/or a block or blocks of a block diagram.

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Abstract

本申请提供了一种通信方法及设备，应用于接收设备，所述方法包括：接收第一数据帧，第一数据帧包括多个同步信息；其中，多个同步信息均用于帧同步；基于多个同步信息中的一个或多个同步信息，对第一数据帧进行帧同步。如此，即使部分同步信息被损坏，接收设备仍然可以基于未被损坏的部分同步信息，对第一数据帧进行帧同步，从而有效提升第一数据帧同步的成功率，进而提升通信系统的性能。

Description

一种通信方法及设备
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求在2022年07月19日提交中国专利局、申请号为202210851680.2、申请名称为“一种通信方法及设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信技术领域，特别涉及一种通信方法及设备。
背景技术
随着电力线通信(power line communication，PLC)技术的发展，PLC逐渐应用到智能电网、工业控制、物联网等领域，可以满足大规模智能设备的互联。PLC主要利用电力线作为传输介质，实现数据帧的传输。如图1所示，数据帧可以包括前导码(preamble)、帧头(header)和载荷(payload)，该前导码用于接收设备对数据帧进行帧同步。但是电力线信道的传输环境恶劣，存在多种复杂的噪声干扰。例如，电力线上的用电设备的种类繁多，导致PLC中存在如图2或图3所示的脉冲噪声。该脉冲噪声具有周期性和时变特性，该脉冲噪声会冲击前导码中的同步序列，例如使同步序列里的元素受到干扰，会使得同步序列的相关性丢失，进而导致接收设备无法对数据帧进行帧同步。
因此，如何提升PLC中数据帧同步的成功率，以提升PLC的通信性能，是本领域技术人员亟需解决的问题。
发明内容
本申请提供一种通信方法及设备，用于提升通信系统(例如，PLC)中数据帧同步成功的概率，进而有效提升通信系统的通信性能。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供了一种通信方法，应用于接收设备，所述方法包括：接收第一数据帧，第一数据帧包括多个同步信息；其中，多个同步信息均用于帧同步；基于多个同步信息中的一个或多个同步信息，对第一数据帧进行帧同步。
本申请实施例中，第一数据帧中包括多个同步信息，该多个同步信息均用于同步，进而接收端设可以基于多个同步信息中的一个或多个同步信息对第一数据帧进行帧同步。即使有部分同步信息被损坏，接收设备仍然可以基于未被损坏的同步信息对第一数据帧进行帧同步，从而可以有效提升数据帧同步成功的概率，进而提升通信系统的性能。
在一种可能的设计中，多个同步信息包括第一同步信息，接收设备基于多个同步信息中的一个或多个同步信息，对第一数据帧进行帧同步，包括：基于第一同步信息，对第一数据帧进行帧同步。可以理解的是，第一同步信息是指多个同步信息中的任意一个同步信息。因此，在该设计中，若多个同步信息中不存在被损坏的同步信息，接收设备可以基于多个同步信息中的任意一个同步信息，对第一数据帧进行帧同步。
在一种可能的设计中，第一同步信息包括第一前导码，第一前导码包括第一序列和第二序列，第一序列与第二序列负相关；基于第一同步信息，对第一数据帧进行帧同步，包 括：计算第一相关系数，并根据第一相关系数确定第一序列的边界，第一相关系数为参考序列与第一序列的相关系数；计算第二相关系数，并根据第二相关系数确定第二序列的边界，第二相关系数为参考序列与第二序列的相关系数；根据第一序列的边界和第二序列的边界，确定第一前导码的边界。例如，第一序列为S1＝{+1，0，0，+1，0，-1，+1，-1}；第二序列为S2＝{-1，0，0，-1，0，+1，-1，+1}。在该设计中，第一同步信息包括第一前导码，并且第一前导码包括负相关的第一序列和第二序列，进而接收设备通过确定第一序列的边界和第二序列的边界，来确定前导码的边界，实现对第一数据帧的同步。
在一种可能的设计中，第一同步信息还包括第一帧配置信息，第一帧配置信息包括第一指示，第一指示用于指示第一数据帧的长度和第一帧配置信息占用的比特数。如此，使得接收设备后续可以通过对第一帧配置信息解调，获取该第一数据帧的长度和第一帧配置信息占用的比特数。
在一种可能的设计中，第一数据帧还包括载荷；第一帧配置信息还包括第二指示，第二指示用于指示第一同步信息的序号，该序号用于确定第一同步信息与载荷之间的距离。如此，使得接收设备后续可以根据该序号，在第一数据帧中定位载荷。
在一种可能的设计中，上述方法还包括：如果接收设备基于第一同步信息对第一数据帧同步成功，对第一帧配置信息进行解调，并在对第一帧配置信息解调成功的情况下，获得第一同步信息的序号，以及获得第一帧配置信息占用的比特数；以及，接收设备基于第一同步信息的序号、第一数据帧的长度和第一帧配置信息占用的比特数，对载荷进行译码。在该设计中，接收设备基于第一同步信息的序号、第一数据帧的长度和第一帧配置信息占用的比特数，对载荷进行译码，可以有效提升对载荷译码的准确率。
在一种可能的设计中，接收设备基于第一同步信息的序号、第一数据帧的长度和第一帧配置信息占用的比特数，对载荷进行译码，包括：基于第一同步信息的序号、第一数据帧的长度和第一帧配置信息占用的比特数，确定第一同步信息与载荷之间的第一距离；基于第一距离，在第一数据帧中确定载荷；对载荷进行译码。在该设计中，接收设备基于第一同步信息的序号、第一数据帧的长度和第一帧配置信息占用的比特数，在第一数据帧中定位载荷，可以有效提升对载荷定位的准确率。
在一种可能的设计中，多个同步信息还包括与第一同步信息相邻的第二同步信息，在第一数据帧中，第一同步信息和第二同步信息之间存在第一间隔。在该设计中，通过在任意两个相邻的同步信息之间设置第一间隔，可以使得接收设备在第一间隔对应的时间内进行信道估计、对第一帧配置信息进行解调。
在一种可能的设计中，接收设备基于第一同步信息的序号、第一数据帧的长度和第一帧配置信息占用的比特数，对载荷进行译码，包括：基于第一间隔、序号、第一数据帧的长度和比特数，确定第一同步信息与载荷之间的第二距离；基于第二距离，在第一数据帧中确定载荷；对载荷进行译码。在该设计中，在任意两个相邻的同步信息之间设置第一间隔的情况下，接收设备可以基于第一间隔、序号、第一数据帧的长度和比特数，在第一数据帧中定位载荷。
在一种可能的设计中，上述载荷位于多个同步信息中的最后一个同步信息之后。
在一种可能的设计中，接收设备基于多个同步信息中的一个或多个同步信息，对第一数据帧进行帧同步，包括：在对第一帧配置信息解调失败的情况下，基于多个同步信息中的第二同步信息对第一数据帧进行帧同步。在该设计中，若对第一同步信息中的第一帧配 置信息解调失败，则无法对第一数据帧中的载荷进行译码，因此接收设备可以基于不同于第一同步信息的第二同步信息，对第一数据帧进行帧同步，以及基于第二同步信息中的帧配置信息，对第一数据帧中的载荷进行译码，进一步提升载荷译码成功的概率。
在一种可能的设计中，多个同步信息还包括第二同步信息；基于多个同步信息中的一个或多个同步信息，对第一数据帧进行帧同步，包括：在基于第一同步信息对第一数据帧同步失败的情况下，基于第二同步信息对第一数据帧进行帧同步。在该设计中，在接收设备基于第一同步信息对第一数据帧同步失败的情况下，接收设备可以基于不同于第一同步信息的第二同步信息，对第一数据帧进行帧同步，有效提升对第一数据帧同步成功率。
在一种可能的设计中，接收设备还可以发送反馈信息，反馈信息用于指示接收设备已成功接收第一数据帧。如此，便于发送设备感知接收设备的数据帧接收情况。
第二方面，本申请实施例还提供了另一种通信方法，应用于发送设备，所述方法包括：确定第一数据帧，第一数据帧包括多个同步信息，所述多个同步信息均用于帧同步；发送第一数据帧。
在本申请实施例提供的方法中，发送设备确定的第一数据帧中包括多个同步信息，所述多个同步信息均用于帧同步，可以有效提升接收设备对第一数据帧同步成功的概率。
在一种可能的设计中，多个同步信息中的第一同步信息包括第一前导码，第一前导码用于帧同步。
在一种可能的设计中，第一同步信息包括第一帧配置信息，第一帧配置信息包括第一指示，第一指示用于指示第一数据帧的长度和第一帧配置信息占用的比特数。
在一种可能的设计中，第一数据帧还包括载荷；第一帧配置信息还包括第二指示，第二指示用于指示第一同步信息的序号，该序号用于确定第一同步信息与载荷之间的距离。
在一种可能的设计中，多个同步信息中包括与第一同步信息相邻的第二同步信息，在第一数据帧中第一同步信息和第二同步信息之间存在第一间隔。
在一种可能的设计中，载荷位于多个同步信息中的最后一个同步信息之后。
在一种可能的设计中，所述方法还包括：接收反馈信息，反馈信息用于指示接收设备已成功接收第一数据帧。
其中，第二方面任一种可能设计方式所带来的技术效果可参见第一方面中对应的相关描述，此处不再赘述。
第三方面，本申请实施例还提供了一种通信装置，该通信装置包括用于执行第一方面以及第一方面任一可能的设计中所述的方法的模块。
示例性的，该通信装置可以包括：
通信模块，用于接收第一数据帧，第一数据帧包括多个同步信息；其中，多个同步信息均用于帧同步；
处理模块，用于基于多个同步信息中的一个或多个同步信息，对第一数据帧进行帧同步。
在一种可能的设计中，多个同步信息包括第一同步信息，处理模块具体用于：基于第一同步信息，对第一数据帧进行帧同步。可以理解的是，第一同步信息是指多个同步信息中的任意一个同步信息。
在一种可能的设计中，第一同步信息包括第一前导码，第一前导码包括第一序列和第二序列，第一序列与第二序列负相关；处理模块具体用于：计算第一相关系数，并根据第 一相关系数确定第一序列的边界，第一相关系数为参考序列与第一序列的相关系数；计算第二相关系数，并根据第二相关系数确定第二序列的边界，第二相关系数为参考序列与第二序列的相关系数；根据第一序列的边界和第二序列的边界，确定第一前导码的边界。
在一种可能的设计中，第一同步信息还包括第一帧配置信息，第一帧配置信息包括第一指示，第一指示用于指示第一数据帧的长度和第一帧配置信息占用的比特数。
在一种可能的设计中，第一数据帧还包括载荷；第一帧配置信息还包括第二指示，第二指示用于指示第一同步信息的序号，该序号用于确定第一同步信息与载荷之间的距离。
在一种可能的设计中，处理模块还用于：在基于第一同步信息对第一数据帧同步成功的情况下，对第一帧配置信息进行解调，并在对第一帧配置信息解调成功的情况下，获得第一同步信息的序号，以及获得第一帧配置信息占用的比特数；以及基于第一同步信息的序号、第一数据帧的长度和第一帧配置信息占用的比特数，对载荷进行译码。
在一种可能的设计中，处理模块具体用于：基于第一同步信息的序号、第一数据帧的长度和第一帧配置信息占用的比特数，确定第一同步信息与载荷之间的第一距离；基于第一距离，在第一数据帧中确定载荷；对载荷进行译码。
在一种可能的设计中，多个同步信息还包括与第一同步信息相邻的第二同步信息，在第一数据帧中，第一同步信息和第二同步信息之间存在第一间隔。
在一种可能的设计中，处理模块具体用于：基于第一间隔、序号、第一数据帧的长度和比特数，确定第一同步信息与载荷之间的第二距离；基于第二距离，在第一数据帧中确定载荷；对载荷进行译码。
在一种可能的设计中，上述载荷位于多个同步信息中的最后一个同步信息之后。
在一种可能的设计中，处理模块具体用于：在对第一帧配置信息解调失败的情况下，基于多个同步信息中的第二同步信息对第一数据帧进行帧同步。
在一种可能的设计中，多个同步信息还包括第二同步信息；处理模块具体用于：在基于第一同步信息对第一数据帧同步失败的情况下，基于第二同步信息对第一数据帧进行帧同步。
在一种可能的设计中，接收设备还可以发送反馈信息，反馈信息用于指示接收设备已成功接收第一数据帧。
第四方面，本申请实施例还提供了一种通信设备，包括：收发器，用于接收第一数据帧，所述第一数据帧包括多个同步信息；其中，所述多个同步信息均用于帧同步；处理器，基于所述多个同步信息中的一个或多个同步信息，对所述第一数据帧进行帧同步。
第五方面，本申请实施例还提供了一种通信装置，该通信装置包括用于执行第二方面以及第二方面任一可能的设计中所述的方法的模块。
示例性的，该通信装置包括：
处理模块，用于确定第一数据帧，第一数据帧包括多个同步信息，所述多个同步信息均用于帧同步；
通信模块，用于发送第一数据帧。
第六方面，本申请实施例还提供了一种通信设备，包括：处理器，确定第一数据帧，所述第一数据帧包括多个同步信息；其中，所述多个同步信息均用于帧同步；收发器，用于所述第一数据帧。
第七方面，本申请实施例还提供了一种通信系统，包括如第三方面所述的通信设备以 及如第五方面所述的通信设备。
第八方面，本申请实施例还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有计算机程序，当所述计算机程序在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行第一方面以及第一方面任一可能的设计中所述的方法或第二方面以及第二方面任一可能的设计中所述的方法。
另外，第三方面至第八方面中任一种可能设计方式所带来的技术效果可参见方法部分中不同设计方式所带来的技术效果，此处不再赘述。
附图说明
图1为一种数据帧(第二数据帧)的示意图；
图2为电力线通信中的一种脉冲噪声的示意图；
图3为电力线通信中的另一种脉冲噪声的示意图；
图4为本申请实施例适用的PLC系统的一种拓扑结构示意图；
图5为一种前导码序列的示意图；
图6为多功能网关设备的脉冲噪声示意图；
图7为多功能网关设备在脉冲噪声场景下的同步性能示意图；
图8为多功能网关设备在脉冲噪声场景下的译码性能示意图；
图9为本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法的流程示意图；
图10为本申请实施例提供的第一数据帧的示意图之一；
图11为本申请实施例提供的第一数据帧的示意图之二；
图12为本申请实施例提供的第一数据帧的示意图之三；
图13为本申请实施例提供的第一数据帧的示意图之四；
图14为本申请实施例提供的第一数据帧的示意图之五；
图15A为本申请实施例提供的第一数据帧的示意图之六；
图15B为本申请实施例提供的第一数据帧的示意图之七；
图16为本申请实施例提供的第一数据帧和第二数据帧各自对应的同步性能示意图；
图17为本申请实施例的一种通信装置的结构示意图；
图18为本申请实施例的芯片系统的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
本申请中的“和/或”仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。“至少一个”是指一个或者多个，“多个”是指两个或两个以上。
另外，本申请中涉及的“第一”、“第二”等词汇，仅用于区分描述的目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量，也不能理解为指示或暗示顺序。
以下对本申请实施例涉及的名词进行相应的解释，以便于理解。
1、帧同步，即识别一个帧的起始位置和结束位置。
2、数据帧，为PLC中用于通信的一个数据单元，也可以称为信号帧或物理帧。如图 1所示，现有技术中的数据帧包括前导码、帧头和载荷。其中，前导码可用于对数据帧进行帧同步。此外，前导码还可以用于初始信道估计(initial channel estimation)或自动增益控制(automatic gain control，AGC)等。帧头包括物理层(physical，PHY)层的一些参数信息，例如发送设备的标识(identification，ID)(又可以称之为源端标识(source identification，SID))、接收设备的ID(又可称之为目的端标识(destination identification，DID))等。例如，帧头可以包括至少一个连续的正交频分复用(orthogonal frequency division multiplexing，OFDM)符号。
本申请实施例提供的第一数据帧包括载荷以及多个同步信息，多个同步信息均用于帧同步，载荷用于承载待传输的数据。其中，每个同步信息可以包括一个前导码和一个帧配置信息。其中，前导码中包括多个同步序列，每个同步序列均用于实现对第一数据帧的帧同步，前导码还可用于初始信道估计和/或AGC等；帧配置信息包括第一指示和第二指示，第一指示用于指示第一数据帧的长度和第一帧配置信息占用的比特数，第二指示用于指示第一同步信息的序号，该序号用于确定第一同步信息与载荷之间的距离。进一步的，帧配置信息还包括帧配置信息的编码码率和调制方式，便于接收设备对帧配置信息进行解调。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中第一数据帧可以是基于现有技术中的第二数据帧(即图1所示的数据帧)进行改进的，也可以称作增强数据帧。第一数据帧与第二数据帧的区别在于，第一数据帧中包括多个同步信息。
3、边界，在本申请实施例中是指前导码包括的同步序列的最后一个元素。在本申请的一些实施例中，前导码中的同步序列可包括n组第一序列和m组第二序列，例如n＝7，m＝2，或者也可以是其他取值。其中每组第一序列或第二序列的最后一个元素，都认为是边界。相应的，在确定第一序列和第二序列的边界后，可以确定前导码的边界。
4、电力线通信设备，为用于实现电力线通信的设备。在本申请实施例中，电力线通信设备包括发送设备和接收设备。其中，发送设备为用于通过电力线发送数据帧的设备，例如电力数据采集器；接收设备为用于通过电力线接收数据帧的电力线通信设备，例如电力猫。
下面结合具体的附图，对本申请实施例提供的通信方法进行详细介绍。
PLC中主要利用电力线作为传输介质实现数据帧的传输。示例性的，电力线可以为铜制电力线等，例如塑铜线。其中，电力线上可以包括一个或多个桥接节点，例如桥接节点为插座或配电盒等。每个桥接节点上可以接入一个或多个用电设备。示例性的，本申请实施例中的用电设备可以包括家用电器(例如冰箱、电话、空调)和/或电力猫等。
如图4所示，为本申请实施例提供的PLC系统的一种拓扑结构示意图。其中，图4所示的电力线上包括桥接节点T1、T2、T3、……、T_N-1、T_N。在桥接节点T1上接入了电力线通信设备10，在桥接节点T_N上接入了电力线通信设备20。其中，电力线通信设备10为PLC中的发送设备，电力线通信设备20为PLC中的接收设备。图4仅为PLC的一种拓扑结构的示例，本申请实施例不限定桥接节点上接入的电力线通信设备的个数和/或位置，也不限定电力线上桥接节点的个数和/或位置、或用电设备的个数和/或位置等。
其中，电力线通信设备10和电力线通信设备20之间可以以数据帧的形式传输数据，该数据帧中的前导码包括第一序列和第二序列。示例性的，如图5所示，该第一序列以S1序列为例，第二序列以S2序列为例，图5以该前导码包括7个S1序列和2个S2序列为例。其中，S2＝-S1。S1序列和S2序列用于对数据帧进行帧同步。例如，电力线通信设备 20接收到该数据帧之后，可以确定这7个S1序列和2个S2序列的边界，在确定这7个S1序列和2个S2序列的边界之后，可以完成对该数据帧的帧同步。
然而，当PLC系统中存在脉冲噪声时，S1序列和/或S2序列可能会被脉冲噪声损坏，进而导致电力线通信设备20无法对该数据帧进行帧同步，使得PLC系统的通信性能较差。示例性的，以电力线通信设备20是多功能网关设备为例，多功能网关设备会产生如图6所示的脉冲噪声。图7为存在脉冲噪声的场景下，多功能网关设备对其接收到的数据帧进行帧同步的性能示意图。如图7所示，在存在脉冲噪声的场景下，多功能网关设备接收的数据帧中的前导码中的S1序列或S2序列会被脉冲噪声损坏，进而降低多功能网关设备对该数据帧的同步性能。其中，在误码率为1E-3时，多功能网关设备对该数据帧的同步性能只能抗-72dB衰减，使得PLC系统的通信性能较差。
以及，图8为在存在脉冲噪声的场景下，多功能网关设备基于各种码长码率的载荷(payload)编码算法对其接收到的数据帧中的载荷进行译码的性能示意图。在图8中，载荷(payload，PLD)编码算法包括低密度奇偶校验码(density check-parity code，LDPC)编码算法和Polar编码算法，具体包括：PLD-LDPC-N960RR1/2(即采用码率为0.5、信息位为960bit的LDPC编码算法对载荷进行编译码)、PLD-Polar-K264N512(即采用信息位264bit、码长512bit的Polar编码算法对载荷进行编译码)、PLD-Polar-K504N1024(即采用信息位504bit、码长1024bit的Polar编码算法对载荷进行编译码)、和PLD-Polar-K960N2048(即采用信息位960bit、码长2048bit的Polar编码算法对载荷进行编译码)。其中，在块误码率为1E-3时，且载荷编码算法为PLD-Polar-K264N512时，多功能网关设备对该数据帧的译码性能可以抗-80dB衰减。
由图7和图8可知，在相同误码率的情况下，多功能网关设备对该数据帧的同步性能弱于其对该数据帧中载荷的译码性能。因此，在存在脉冲噪声的场景下，提升多功能网关设备的帧同步性能，是提升PLC系统性能的关键。
有鉴于此，本申请实施例提供了一种通信方法，发送设备在第一数据帧中携带多个同步信息，该多个同步信息均用于帧同步，进而接收设备可以基于多个同步信息中的一个或多个同步信息，对第一数据帧进行帧同步。如此，即使部分同步信息被损坏，接收设备仍然可以基于未被损坏的部分同步信息，对第一数据帧进行帧同步，从而有效提升第一数据帧同步的成功率，即有效提升接收设备对第一数据帧的同步性能，进而提升通信系统的性能。
请参见图9，为本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法的流程图，该通信方法可以应用于图4所示的系统架构中。
S901：发送设备确定第一数据帧。
在本申请实施例中，第一数据帧可包括多个同步信息，多个同步信息均用于帧同步。
其中，第一数据帧可以有多种实现方式，下面举例介绍。
如图10所示，该第一数据帧包括N个同步信息，分别为同步信息1至同步信息N，以及包括载荷。其中，同步信息1至同步信息N均可用于对第一数据帧进行帧同步，载荷可用于承载待传输数据。其中，N为大于或等于2的整数。
进一步的，如图11所示，第一数据帧中的每个同步信息包括一个前导码和一个帧配置信息，图11中仅仅示出了同步信息1包括的前导码和帧配置信息，同步信息2至同步信息 N中包括的前导码和帧配置信息，图11中未示出。可选的，该帧配置信息包括的内容如图12所示，可包括第一指示和第二指示。第一指示用于指示第一数据帧的长度和帧配置信息占用的比特数，第二指示用于指示同步信息1的序号。
进一步的，上述N个同步信息中相邻的两个同步信息之间还存在第一间隔，以及N个同步信息中的最后一个同步信息与载荷之间还存在第二间隔。其中，N个同步信息中的最后一个同步信息是指N个同步信息中在时间上最晚到达的同步信息。示例性的，如图13所示，第一间隔可包括间隔1、间隔2、……、以及间隔N-1，第二间隔为间隔N。例如，同步信息1与同步信息2之间存在间隔1、同步信息2与同步信息3之间存在间隔2，以此类推，另外同步信息N与载荷之间存在间隔N。其中，间隔1、间隔2、……、和间隔N中的任意两个间隔的长度可以相同或不同，本申请实施例不作具体的限制。如此，在任意两个相邻的同步信息之间设置第一间隔，可以使得接收设备在第一间隔对应的时间内进行信道估计、以及对第一帧配置信息进行解调等。以及，及N个同步信息中的最后一个同步信息与载荷之间设置第二间隔，使得接收设备还可以在第二间隔对应的时间内对一个或多个同步信息中的帧配置信息进行解调，进而使得接收设备具备足够的时间对多个帧配置信息进行解调。
在一种可能的实施方式中，上述N＝2或N＝4。也就是说，可以在第一数据帧中设置2个或4个同步信息。如此，既可以通过增加同步信息的数量来有效提升第一数据帧同步的成功率，也可以由于同步信息的数量不多而节约第一数据帧的信令开销。
可以理解的是，图10至图13中的任一个附图所示的第一数据帧仅是示例，而非对该第一数据帧的限制。并且，由于图10至图13中的任一个附图所示的第一数据帧是为了提升帧同步的成功率而提出的，因此，第一数据帧例如是对电力线通信协议规定的第二数据帧(如图1所示)进行改进后得到的。示例性地，可以利用第二数据帧中的预留(reserved)字段，在该预留字段内包括上述多个同步信息，由此可以得到第一数据帧。
S902：发送设备发送第一数据帧。相应的，接收设备接收第一数据帧。
可以理解的是，发送设备与接收设备之间通过电力线连接，进而发送设备可以通过电力线向接收设备发送第一数据帧。
以发送设备是电力数据采集器、接收设备是电能表为例。电力数据采集器采集电力数据后，可以将该电力数据封装成第一数据帧，并将第一数据帧发送给电能表。
S903：接收设备基于多个同步信息中的一个或多个同步信息，对第一数据帧进行帧同步。
在S903中，接收设备基于多个同步信息中的一个或多个同步信息，对第一数据帧进行帧同步。如此，即使多个同步信息中的部分同步信息被损坏，接收设备仍然可以基于未被损坏的同步信息对第一数据帧进行帧同步，由此可以有效提升第一数据帧的同步成功率。
下面分不同的情况，介绍接收设备对第一数据帧进行帧同步的过程。
情况1，多个同步信息中不存在被脉冲噪声损坏的同步信息。相应的，接收设备可基于第一同步信息，对第一数据帧进行帧同步。其中，第一同步信息可以是多个同步信息中的任一个同步信息。也就是说，接收设备可以基于多个同步信息中的任一个同步信息，对第一数据帧进行帧同步。
在一种可能的实施方式中，第一同步信息包括第一前导码，第一前导码包括第一序列 和第二序列，且第一序列与第二序列负相关。接收设备可计算第一相关系数，并根据第一相关系数确定第一序列的边界，第一相关系数为参考序列与第一序列的相关系数。另外，接收设备还可计算第二相关系数，并根据第二相关系数确定第二序列的边界，第二相关系数为参考序列与第二序列的相关系数。接收设备根据第一序列的边界和第二序列的边界，可以确定第一前导码的边界。如此，发送设备通过在第一同步信息中设置第一前导码，该第一前导码包括负相关的第一序列和第二序列，使得接收设备可以通过确定第一序列的边界和第二序列的边界，来确定前导码的边界，实现对第一数据帧的帧同步，有效简化第一数据帧同步的过程。
其中，第一序列和第二序列即第一前导码中的同步序列，第一序列或第二序列具体可以是一个或多个序列，本申请实施例不作具体的限制。例如，第一序列可以是7个S1序列，第二序列可以是2个S2序列。本申请实施例中，“第一序列与第二序列负相关”可以理解为，第二序列包括的元素是第一序列包括的元素的负数。例如，第一序列为S1＝{+1，0，0，+1，0，-1，+1，-1}，则第二序列为S2＝{-1，0，0，-1，0，+1，-1，+1}。“参考序列”例如为存储在接收设备本地的根序列，或者也可以是电力线通信协议预定义的序列。第一序列的边界，即第一序列中的最后一个元素；第二序列的边界，即第二序列中的最后一个元素。前导码的边界为该前导码所包含的每个同步序列的最后一个元素，即，前导码的边界包括该前导码所包括的第一序列中的最后一个元素和第二序列中的最后一个元素。
其中，接收设备可以通过对参考序列与第一序列进行相关处理来计算参考序列与第一序列的第一相关系数，进而根据第一相关系数确定第一序列的边界。同理，接收设备可以通过对参考序列与第二序列进行相关处理来计算第二相关系数，进而根据第二相关系数确定第二序列的边界。其中，相关处理例如加乘运算。示例性的，接收设备接收到的第一序列为S1＝{+1，0，0，+1，0，-1，+1，-1}，参考序列为R(1)＝{R1，R2，R3，R4，R5，R6，R7，R8}。接收设备对参考序列与第一序列进行相关处理，得到的第一相关系数为(R1*(+1)+R2*(0)+R3*(0)+R4*(+1)+R5*(0)+R6*(-1)+R7*(+1)+R8*(-1))；另外，第二序列为S2＝{-1，0，0，-1，0，+1，-1，+1}，类似的，接收设备对参考序列与第二序列进行相关处理，得到的第二相关系数为(R1*(+1)+R2*(0)+R3*(0)+R4*(+1)+R5*(0)+R6*(-1)+R7*(+1)+R8*(-1))。
在一种可能的实施方式中，接收设备根据第一相关系数确定第一序列的边界的一种方式为，若第一相关系数大于第一阈值，则接收设备确定第一序列的边界；或者，若第一相关系数小于或等于第一阈值，则接收设备在预设同步时间内，对第一序列继续进行相关处理，以继续寻找第一序列的边界。类似的，接收设备根据第二相关系数确定第二序列的边界的一种方式为，若第二相关系数小于第二阈值，则接收设备确定第二序列的边界；或者，若第二相关系数大于或等于第二阈值，则接收设备在预设同步时间内，对第二序列继续进行相关处理(即相关检测)，以继续寻找第二序列的边界。进一步的，接收设备根据第一序列的边界和第二序列的边界，确定第一前导码的边界。其中，预设同步时间可以由协议预定义，或者，也可以是接收设备和发送设备双方预先协商的时间。第一阈值和第二阈值的具体取值，本申请实施例不作具体的限制。
示例性的，第一同步信息例如为第一数据帧中的同步信息1，预设同步时间例如为50us。同步信息1包括7个第一序列，分别为7个S1序列，同步信息1包括2个第二序列，分别为2个S2序列。接收设备依次对这7个S1序列进行相关处理，得到其中的每个S1序 列对应的第一相关系数。如果每个S1序列对应的第一相关系数均大于第一阈值，则确定找到了这7个S1序列的边界；否则，如果这7个S1序列中存在第一相关系数小于或等于第一阈值的S1序列，则接收设备在预设同步时间到达之前，继续对第一相关系数小于或等于第一阈值的S1序列进行相关处理，直到确定找到了这7个S1序列的边界为止，其中，接收设备在继续处理的过程中，对于这7个S1序列中第一相关系数大于第一阈值的S1序列可以不再处理。类似的，接收设备依次对这2个S2序列进行相关处理，得到其中的每个S2序列对应的第二相关系数，若S2序列对应的第二相关系数均小于第二阈值，则确定找到了这2个S2序列的边界；否则，如果这2个S2序列中存在第二相关系数大于或等于第二阈值的S2序列，则在预设同步时间到达之前，继续对第二相关系数大于或等于第二阈值的S2序列进行相关处理，直到确定找到了这2个S2序列的边界为止，其中，接收设备在继续处理的过程中，对于这2个S2序列中第二相关系数小于第二阈值的S2序列可不再处理。相应的，接收设备根据7个S1序列和2个S2序列，就可以确定前导码的边界，完成对第一数据帧的帧同步。
进一步的，在一种可能的实施方式中，第一同步信息包括第一帧配置信息，如果接收设备基于第一同步信息对第一数据帧同步成功，则可以对第一帧配置信息进行解调，并在对第一帧配置信息解调成功的情况下，获得第一同步信息的序号，以及获得第一帧配置信息占用的比特数。接收设备可以基于第一同步信息的序号、第一数据帧的长度和第一帧配置信息占用的比特数，对第一数据帧包括的载荷进行译码。可选的，接收设备可以采用与发送设备预先约定的解调方式或协议规定的解调方式对第一帧配置信息进行解调。示例性的，如图14所示，第一数据帧包括同步信息1和同步信息2，同步信息1和同步信息2分别占用24比特。例如第一同步信息为同步信息1，第一帧配置信息为同步信息1中的帧配置信息1。同步信息1中的帧配置信息1包括第一指示和第二指示，第一指示可以指示同步信息1的序号为1，第二指示可以指示第一数据帧的长度为64比特，帧配置信息1占用16比特。接收设备对帧配置信息1解调后，可以得到第一指示和第二指示，进而接收设备可以获知同步信息1的序号、第一数据帧的长度和帧配置信息1占用的比特数。在该实施方式中，通过在第一数据帧的第一同步信息中设置第一帧配置信息，以及在第一帧配置信息设置第一指示和第二指示，使得接收设备在对第一帧配置信息解调后，可以获取该第一数据帧的长度和第一帧配置信息占用的比特数。
其中，接收设备基于第一同步信息的序号、第一数据帧的长度和比特数，对载荷进行译码，包括但不限于以下实施方式：
实施方式1，接收设备基于第一同步信息的序号、第一数据帧的长度和第一帧配置信息占用的比特数，确定第一同步信息与载荷之间的第一距离；并基于第一距离，在第一数据帧中确定载荷，以及对载荷进行译码。
示例性的，请继续参见图14，第一数据帧包括同步信息1和同步信息2，同步信息1和同步信息2各自占用24比特。若接收设备用于对第一数据帧进行帧同步的第一同步信息为同步信息1，同步信息1的序号为1，第一数据帧的长度为64比特，帧配置信息1占用16比特；则接收设备根据同步信息1的序号、第一数据帧的长度和帧配置信息1占用的比特数，可以确定出同步信息1与载荷之间的间隔(即第一距离)为24个比特。相应的，接收设备基于第一距离，在第一数据帧中确定载荷，并对载荷进行译码。
实施方式2，多个同步信息中的两个相邻的同步信息还包括第一间隔，进而接收设备基于第一间隔、第一同步信息的序号、第一数据帧的长度和比特数，确定第一同步信息与载荷之间的第二距离；基于第二距离，在第一数据帧中确定载荷，以及对载荷进行译码。
示例性的，请参见图15A，第一数据帧包括同步信息1、同步信息2、同步信息3、和同步信息4，同步信息1、同步信息2、同步信息3、和同步信息4各自占用24比特，第一间隔为间隔1、间隔2和间隔3。其中，同步信息1与同步信息2之间存在间隔1，同步信息2与同步信息3之间存在间隔2，同步信息3同步信息4之间存在间隔3；其中，间隔1、间隔2、和间隔3均为4比特。若接收设备用于对第一数据帧进行帧同步的第一同步信息为同步信息1，同步信息1的序号为1，第一数据帧的长度为64比特，帧配置信息1占用16比特；则接收设备基于间隔1、间隔2、和间隔3、同步信息1的序号、第一数据帧的长度和帧配置信息1占用的比特数，可以确定出同步信息1与载荷之间的间隔(即第二距离)为84个比特。相应的，接收设备基于第二距离，在第一数据帧中确定载荷，并对载荷进行译码。
实施方式3，多个同步信息中的两个相邻的同步信息还包括第一间隔，以及N个同步信息中的最后一个同步信息与载荷之间还存在第二间隔。相应的，接收设备可以基于第一间隔、第二间隔、第一同步信息的序号、第一数据帧的长度和比特数，确定第一同步信息与载荷之间的第三距离；基于第三距离，在第一数据帧中确定载荷，以及对载荷进行译码。
示例性的，请参见图15B，第一数据帧包括同步信息1、同步信息2、同步信息3、和同步信息4，同步信息1、同步信息2、同步信息3、和同步信息4各自占用24比特，第一间隔为间隔1、间隔2和间隔3，第二间隔为间隔4。其中，同步信息1与同步信息2之间存在间隔1，同步信息2与同步信息3之间存在间隔2，同步信息3同步信息4之间存在间隔3，同步信息4与载荷之间存在间隔4，其中，间隔1、间隔2、间隔3和间隔4均为4比特。若接收设备用于对第一数据帧进行帧同步的第一同步信息为同步信息1，同步信息1的序号为1，第一数据帧的长度为64比特，帧配置信息1占用16比特；则接收设备基于间隔1、间隔2、间隔3和间隔4、同步信息1的序号、第一数据帧的长度和帧配置信息1占用的比特数，可以确定出同步信息1与载荷之间的间隔(即第三距离)为88个比特。相应的，接收设备基于第三距离，在第一数据帧中确定载荷，并对载荷进行译码。
在实施方式1至实施方式3中，接收设备可以在第一数据帧中准确定位载荷，对载荷进行译码，有效提升载荷译码的准确率。
情况2，接收设备基于第一同步信息和第二同步信息，对第一数据帧进行帧同步，包括：接收设备基于第一同步信息对第一数据帧同步成功，但对第一同步信息中的第一帧配置信息解调失败，则基于第二同步信息对第一数据帧进行帧同步。
应理解，对第一帧配置信息解调失败可以理解为未解调成功或解调错误。此时，可以认为第一数据帧误同步，因此需要基于第二同步信息，对第一数据帧再次同步。如此，在情况2中，可以进一步提升接收设备对第一数据帧同步的成功率。
示例1，请继续参见图15A或图15B，例如第一同步信息为同步信息1，第二同步信息为同步信息2。如果接收设备基于同步信息1对第一数据帧同步成功，但对同步信息1中的帧配置信息解调失败，则基于同步信息2对第一数据帧进行帧同步。
示例2，请继续参见图15A或图15B，例如第一同步信息为同步信息3，第二同步信息为同步信息4。如果接收设备基于同步信息3对第一数据帧同步成功，但对同步信息3 中的帧配置信息解调失败，则基于同步信息4对第一数据帧进行帧同步。
情况3，接收设备基于第一同步信息和第二同步信息，对第一数据帧进行帧同步，包括：在基于第一同步信息对第一数据帧同步失败的情况下，基于第二同步信息对第一数据帧进行帧同步。
可以理解的是，若接收设备基于第一同步信息对第一数据帧同步失败，接收设备还可以基于第二同步信息对第一数据帧进行再次同步。如此，可以有效提升第一数据帧同步成功率。
示例1，请继续参见图15A或图15B，例如第一同步信息为同步信息1，第二同步信息为同步信息2。如果接收设备基于同步信息1对第一数据帧同步失败的情况下，接收设备可以基于同步信息2对第一数据帧进行帧同步。
示例2，请继续参见图15A或图15B，例如第一同步信息为同步信息3，第二同步信息为同步信息4。如果接收设备基于同步信息3对第一数据帧同步失败的情况下，接收设备可以基于同步信息4对第一数据帧进行帧同步。
情况4，接收设备对第一数据帧进行帧同步，包括：首先，接收设备基于第一同步信息，对第一数据帧进行帧同步；如果接收设备基于第一同步信息对第一数据帧同步失败，基于第二同步信息对第一数据帧进行帧同步；若基于第二同步信息对第一数据帧同步失败，则基于第三同步信息对第一数据帧进行帧同步。
可以理解的是，若接收设备基于第一同步信息对第一数据帧同步失败，接收设备还可以基于第二同步信息对第一数据帧进行再次同步；以及在基于第二同步信息对第一数据帧同步失败的情况下，基于第三同步信息对第一数据帧进行帧同步。如此，可以有效提升第一数据帧同步的成功率。
示例1，请继续参见图15A或图15B，例如第一同步信息为同步信息1，第二同步信息为同步信息2，第三同步信息为同步信息3。如果接收设备基于同步信息1对第一数据帧同步失败的情况下，接收设备可以基于同步信息2对第一数据帧进行帧同步；进一步的，接收设备基于同步信息2对第一数据帧同步失败的情况下，接收设备可以基于同步信息3对第一数据帧进行帧同步。
示例2，请继续参见图15A或图15B，例如第一同步信息为同步信息2，第二同步信息为同步信息3，第三同步信息为同步信息4。接收设备基于同步信息2对第一数据帧同步失败的情况下，接收设备可以基于同步信息3对第一数据帧进行帧同步；进一步的，接收设备基于同步信息3对第一数据帧同步失败的情况下，接收设备可以基于同步信息4对第一数据帧进行帧同步。
情况5，多个同步信息包括第一同步信息、第二同步信息、第三同步信息和第四同步信息，接收设备对第一数据帧进行帧同步，包括：基于第一同步信息，对第一数据帧进行帧同步；如果接收设备基于第一同步信息对第一数据帧同步失败，则基于第二同步信息对第一数据帧进行帧同步；若基于第二同步信息对第一数据帧同步失败，则基于第三同步信息对第一数据帧进行帧同步；类似的，若基于第三同步信息对第一数据帧同步失败，则基于第四同步信息对第一数据帧进行帧同步。
示例1，请继续参见图15A或图15B，例如第一同步信息为同步信息1，第二同步信息为同步信息2，第三同步信息为同步信息3，第四同步信息为同步信息4。如果接收设备基于同步信息1对第一数据帧同步失败的情况下，接收设备可以基于同步信息2对第一数据帧进行帧同步；进一步的，接收设备基于同步信息2对第一数据帧同步失败的情况下，接收设备可以基于同步信息3对第一数据帧进行帧同步；进一步的，接收设备基于同步信息3对第一数据帧同步失败的情况下，接收设备可以基于同步信息4对第一数据帧进行帧同步。
在一种可能的实施方式，接收设备还可以向发送设备发送反馈信息，反馈信息用于指示已成功接收第一数据帧。相应的，发送设备接收该反馈信息。其中，接收设备可以在接收设备第一数据帧之后发送该反馈信息，或者，可以在对第一数据帧同步之后发送该反馈信息，或者可以在对第一帧配置信息解调之后发送该反馈信息，本申请实施例不作限制。如此，便于发送设备感知接收设备对第一数据帧的接收情况、或同步情况，进而发送设备可以作出相应的操作。例如，在接收设备对第一数据帧同步失败的情况下，发送设备可以向接收设备重新发送第一数据帧。
请参见图16，图16示出了本申请实施例中的第一数据帧与现有技术中的第二数据帧(如图1所示的数据帧)在存在脉冲噪声的场景下的同步性能的示意图。其中，在误码率为1E-3的情况下，第一数据帧对应的同步性能抗83dB，第二数据帧对应的同步性能抗73dB。由此可见，采用第一数据帧的帧格式对传输数据进行传输，相对于采用第二数据帧的帧格式对传输数据进行传输，可以显著提升数据帧的同步性能，进而提升PLC的通信性能。
基于相同的技术构思，本申请实施例还提供了一种通信装置，该装置的结构如图17所示，包括通信模块1701和处理模块1702。所述通信装置1700可以应用于图4所示的通信系统中的电力线通信设备10(发送设备)或电力线通信设备20(接收设备)，并可以实现以上实施例以及实施例提供的通信方法。
在一种可能的示例中，所述通信装置1700可以应用于接收设备。其中，通信模块1701，用于接收第一数据帧，第一数据帧包括多个同步信息；其中，多个同步信息均用于帧同步；
处理模块1702，用于基于多个同步信息中的一个或多个同步信息，对第一数据帧进行帧同步。
在一种可能的实施方式中，多个同步信息包括第一同步信息，处理模块1702具体用于：基于第一同步信息，对第一数据帧进行帧同步。可以理解的是，第一同步信息是指多个同步信息中的任意一个同步信息。
在一种可能的实施方式中，第一同步信息包括第一前导码，第一前导码包括第一序列和第二序列，第一序列与第二序列负相关；处理模块1702具体用于：计算第一相关系数，并根据第一相关系数确定第一序列的边界，第一相关系数为参考序列与第一序列的相关系数；计算第二相关系数，并根据第二相关系数确定第二序列的边界，第二相关系数为参考序列与第二序列的相关系数；根据第一序列的边界和第二序列的边界，确定第一前导码的边界。
在一种可能的实施方式中，第一同步信息还包括第一帧配置信息，第一帧配置信息包括第一指示，第一指示用于指示第一数据帧的长度和第一帧配置信息占用的比特数。
在一种可能的实施方式中，第一数据帧还包括载荷；第一帧配置信息还包括第二指示，第二指示用于指示第一同步信息的序号，该序号用于确定第一同步信息与载荷之间的距离。
在一种可能的实施方式中，处理模块1702还用于：在基于第一同步信息对第一数据帧同步成功的情况下，对第一帧配置信息进行解调，并在对第一帧配置信息解调成功的情况下，获得第一同步信息的序号，以及获得第一帧配置信息占用的比特数；以及基于第一同步信息的序号、第一数据帧的长度和第一帧配置信息占用的比特数，对载荷进行译码。
在一种可能的实施方式中，处理模块1702具体用于：基于第一同步信息的序号、第一数据帧的长度和第一帧配置信息占用的比特数，确定第一同步信息与载荷之间的第一距离；基于第一距离，在第一数据帧中确定载荷；对载荷进行译码。
在一种可能的实施方式中，多个同步信息还包括与第一同步信息相邻的第二同步信息，在第一数据帧中，第一同步信息和第二同步信息之间存在第一间隔。
在一种可能的实施方式中，处理模块1702具体用于：基于第一间隔、序号、第一数据帧的长度和比特数，确定第一同步信息与载荷之间的第二距离；基于第二距离，在第一数据帧中确定载荷；对载荷进行译码。
在一种可能的实施方式中，上述载荷位于多个同步信息中的最后一个同步信息之后。
在一种可能的实施方式中，处理模块1702具体用于：在对第一帧配置信息解调失败的情况下，基于多个同步信息中的第二同步信息对第一数据帧进行帧同步。
在一种可能的实施方式中，多个同步信息还包括第二同步信息；处理模块1702具体用于：在基于第一同步信息对第一数据帧同步失败的情况下，基于第二同步信息对第一数据帧进行帧同步。
在一种可能的示例中，所述通信装置1700可以应用于发送设备。其中，处理模块1702，用于确定第一数据帧，第一数据帧包括多个同步信息，所述多个同步信息均用于帧同步；通信模块1701，用于发送第一数据帧。
本申请实施例还提供了一种芯片系统，请参见图18，该芯片系统1800包括至少一个处理器，当程序指令在至少一个处理器1801中执行时，使得上述图4所示实施例中的通信方法得以实现。
可选的，该芯片系统还包括通信接口1803，通信接口用于输入或输出信息。
可选的，该芯片系统还包括存储器1802，该存储器1802通过通信接口1803耦合处理器，用于存储上述指令，以便处理器通过通信接口1803读取存储器中存储的指令。
应理解，本申请实施例中不限定上述处理器1801、存储器1802以及通信接口1803之间的连接介质。本申请实施例在图18中以存储器1802、处理器1801以及通信接口1803之间通过通信总线1804连接，总线在图18中以粗线表示，其它部件之间的连接方式，仅是示意性说明，并不作为限定。所述总线可以包括地址总线、数据总线、控制总线等。为了便于表示，图18中仅用一条粗线表示，但并不表示仅有一根总线或一种类型的总线等。
本申请实施例提供一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机程序，当计算机程序被运行时，实现如上述图9所示实施例中的通信方法。上述各实施例可以相互结合以实现不同的技术效果。
本领域内的技术人员应明白，本申请的实施例可提供为方法、系统、或计算机程序产品。因此，本申请可采用完全硬件实施例、完全软件实施例、或结合软件和硬件方面的实施例的形式。而且，本申请可采用在一个或多个其中包含有计算机可用程序代码的计算机可用存储介质(包括但不限于磁盘存储器、CD-ROM、光学存储器等)上实施的计算机程序产品的形式。
本申请是参照根据本申请的方法、设备(系统)、和计算机程序产品的流程图和/或方框图来描述的。应理解可由计算机程序指令实现流程图和/或方框图中的每一流程和/或方框、以及流程图和/或方框图中的流程和/或方框的结合。可提供这些计算机程序指令到通用计算机、专用计算机、嵌入式处理机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器以产生一个机器，使得通过计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器执行的指令产生用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的装置。
这些计算机程序指令也可存储在能引导计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备以特定方式工作的计算机可读存储器中，使得存储在该计算机可读存储器中的指令产生包括指令装置的制造品，该指令装置实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能。
这些计算机程序指令也可装载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上，使得在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生计算机实现的处理，从而在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行的指令提供用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的步骤。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本申请进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本申请的精神和范围。这样，倘若本申请的这些修改和变型属于本申请权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本申请也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (26)

  1. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，应用于接收设备，所述方法包括：
    接收第一数据帧，所述第一数据帧包括多个同步信息；其中，所述多个同步信息均用于帧同步；
    基于所述多个同步信息中的一个或多个同步信息，对所述第一数据帧进行帧同步。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述多个同步信息包括第一同步信息，基于所述多个同步信息中的一个或多个同步信息，对所述第一数据帧进行帧同步，包括：
    基于所述第一同步信息，对所述第一数据帧进行帧同步。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一同步信息包括第一前导码，所述第一前导码包括第一序列和第二序列，所述第一序列与所述第二序列负相关；
    基于所述第一同步信息，对所述第一数据帧进行帧同步，包括：
    计算第一相关系数，并根据所述第一相关系数确定所述第一序列的边界，所述第一相关系数为参考序列与所述第一序列的相关系数；
    计算第二相关系数，并根据所述第二相关系数确定所述第二序列的边界，所述第二相关系数为所述参考序列与所述第二序列的相关系数；
    根据所述第一序列的边界和所述第二序列的边界，确定所述第一前导码的边界。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一同步信息还包括第一帧配置信息，所述第一帧配置信息包括第一指示，所述第一指示用于指示所述第一数据帧的长度和所述第一帧配置信息占用的比特数。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一数据帧还包括载荷；所述第一帧配置信息还包括第二指示，所述第二指示用于指示所述第一同步信息的序号，所述序号用于确定所述第一同步信息与所述载荷之间的距离。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    如果基于所述第一同步信息对所述第一数据帧同步成功，对所述第一帧配置信息进行解调；
    在对所述第一帧配置信息解调成功的情况下，获得所述序号，以及获得所述第一帧配置信息占用的比特数；
    基于所述序号、所述第一数据帧的长度和所述比特数，对所述载荷进行译码。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，基于所述序号、所述第一数据帧的长度和所述比特数，对所述载荷进行译码，包括：
    基于所述序号、所述第一数据帧的长度和所述比特数，确定所述第一同步信息与所述载荷之间的第一距离；
    基于所述第一距离，在所述第一数据帧中确定所述载荷；
    对所述载荷进行译码。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述多个同步信息还包括与所述第一同步信息相邻的第二同步信息，在所述第一数据帧中，所述第一同步信息和所述第二同步信息之间存在第一间隔。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，基于所述序号、所述第一数据帧的长度和所述比特数，对所述载荷进行译码，包括：
    基于所述第一间隔、所述序号、所述第一数据帧的长度和所述比特数，确定所述第一同步信息与所述载荷之间的第二距离；
    基于所述第二距离，在所述第一数据帧中确定所述载荷；
    对所述载荷进行译码。
  10. 根据权利要求5-9任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述载荷位于所述多个同步信息中的最后一个同步信息之后。
  11. 根据权利要求6-10任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，基于所述多个同步信息中的一个或多个同步信息，对所述第一数据帧进行帧同步，包括：
    在对所述第一帧配置信息解调失败的情况下，基于所述多个同步信息中的第二同步信息对所述第一数据帧进行帧同步。
  12. 根据权利要求2-5任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述多个同步信息还包括第二同步信息；
    基于所述多个同步信息中的一个或多个同步信息，对所述第一数据帧进行帧同步，包括：
    在基于所述第一同步信息对所述第一数据帧同步失败的情况下，基于所述第二同步信息对所述第一数据帧进行帧同步。
  13. 根据权利要求1-12任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    发送反馈信息，所述反馈信息用于指示已成功接收所述第一数据帧。
  14. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，应用于发送设备，所述方法包括：
    确定第一数据帧，所述第一数据帧包括多个同步信息；其中，所述多个同步信息均用于帧同步；
    发送所述第一数据帧。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的方法，其特征在于，所述多个同步信息中的第一同步信息包括第一前导码，所述第一前导码用于帧同步。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一同步信息包括第一帧配置信息，所述第一帧配置信息包括第一指示，所述第一指示用于指示所述第一数据帧的长度和所述第一帧配置信息占用的比特数。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一数据帧还包括载荷；所述第一帧配置信息还包括第二指示，所述第二指示用于指示所述第一同步信息的序号，所述序号用于确定所述第一同步信息与所述载荷之间的距离。
  18. 根据权利要求14-17任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述多个同步信息中包括与所述第一同步信息相邻的第二同步信息，在所述第一数据帧中所述第一同步信息和所述第二同步信息之间存在第一间隔。
  19. 根据权利要求17或18所述的方法，其特征在于，所述载荷位于所述多个同步信息中的最后一个同步信息之后。
  20. 根据权利要求14-19任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    接收反馈信息，所述反馈信息用于指示已成功接收所述第一数据帧。
  21. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括用于执行权利要求1-13中任一项所述方法的模 块。
  22. 一种通信设备，其特征在于，包括：
    收发器，用于接收第一数据帧，所述第一数据帧包括多个同步信息；其中，所述多个同步信息均用于帧同步；
    处理器，基于所述多个同步信息中的一个或多个同步信息，对所述第一数据帧进行帧同步。
  23. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括用于执行权利要求14-20中任一项所述方法的模块。
  24. 一种通信设备，其特征在于，包括：
    处理器，确定第一数据帧，所述第一数据帧包括多个同步信息；其中，所述多个同步信息均用于帧同步；
    收发器，用于所述第一数据帧。
  25. 一种通信系统，其特征在于，包括：
    如权利要求21所述的通信装置；以及
    如权利要求23所述的通信装置。
  26. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有计算机程序，当所述计算机程序在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行权利要求1-13中任一项或权利要求14-20中任一项所述的方法。
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CN104243128A (zh) * 2013-06-24 2014-12-24 飞思卡尔半导体公司 多载波系统中的频域符号同步和帧同步
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US20140376674A1 (en) * 2013-06-24 2014-12-25 Jianqiang Zeng Frequency-Domain Frame Synchronization In Multi-Carrier Systems
CN103684699A (zh) * 2013-12-31 2014-03-26 上海贝岭股份有限公司 电力线通信的帧前导结构设计方法及同步检测方法和装置
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