WO2020220626A1 - 一种压实结构、捡拾机、颗粒成型机及农业机械系统 - Google Patents

一种压实结构、捡拾机、颗粒成型机及农业机械系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020220626A1
WO2020220626A1 PCT/CN2019/114806 CN2019114806W WO2020220626A1 WO 2020220626 A1 WO2020220626 A1 WO 2020220626A1 CN 2019114806 W CN2019114806 W CN 2019114806W WO 2020220626 A1 WO2020220626 A1 WO 2020220626A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rotating shaft
compaction
pressing
conveying
compacting
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/114806
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
匡苍豪
李宁波
朱生伟
胡永静
Original Assignee
江苏三一环境科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201910364290.0A external-priority patent/CN109999720A/zh
Priority claimed from CN201910762672.9A external-priority patent/CN110352713A/zh
Application filed by 江苏三一环境科技有限公司 filed Critical 江苏三一环境科技有限公司
Publication of WO2020220626A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020220626A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D89/00—Pick-ups for loaders, chaff-cutters, balers, field-threshers, or the like, i.e. attachments for picking-up hay or the like field crops
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
    • A01F15/00—Baling presses for straw, hay or the like
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
    • A01F15/00—Baling presses for straw, hay or the like
    • A01F15/08—Details
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2/00—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
    • B01J2/22—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic by pressing in moulds or between rollers

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and in particular to a compaction structure, a pick-up machine, a pellet forming machine and an agricultural machinery system.
  • the straw Before the straw is processed as a raw material to utilize its biomass energy, the straw needs to be compacted.
  • the existing compacted structure is easy to damage and has a high use cost.
  • the purpose of the present disclosure includes, for example, providing a compacted structure that can improve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art.
  • the purpose of the present disclosure also includes providing a pick-up machine, which can improve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art.
  • the purpose of the present disclosure also includes providing a particle forming machine and an agricultural machinery system, which to a certain extent solves the technical problems of the prior art that the picking and forming are performed separately and the working efficiency is low.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure provides a compaction structure, which includes a rotating shaft and a plurality of compaction cutters arranged along the axial direction of the rotating shaft; the compaction cutter includes a fixed disc and a plurality of press cutters detachably connected to the fixed disc;
  • the fixing plate is provided with a mounting hole, the rotating shaft is provided with a mounting part that matches the mounting hole, and the mounting part penetrates the mounting hole; the mounting part and the mounting hole are both polygons with matching shapes, so that the rotating shaft can drive pressure when rotating Real tool rotation.
  • the corresponding two pressing knives of the same adjacent two compacting knives are staggered in the axial direction of the rotating shaft.
  • the number of press knives in the same compaction tool is different from the side number of the cross-sectional profile of the corresponding mounting hole, and the number of press knives is not an integer multiple of the side number of the cross-sectional profile of the mounting hole.
  • the fixed disk includes a disk body and a plurality of connecting teeth connected to the outer periphery of the disk body, and the plurality of connecting teeth are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the disk body; the pressing knife is detachably connected with the connecting teeth.
  • the compaction tool further includes a locking member, and the locking member cooperates with the connecting teeth and the pressing knife at the same time, so that the pressing knife and the connecting teeth are relatively fixed.
  • the compaction structure further includes a spacer sleeve sleeved on the rotating shaft; at least one spacer sleeve is arranged between two adjacent compaction tools.
  • the radial dimension of the spacer is smaller than or equal to the diameter of the fixed disk.
  • the compaction structure further includes a limiter, and the limiter cooperates with the spacer and the rotating shaft at the same time to restrict the spacer from sliding relative to the rotating shaft along the axis of the rotating shaft.
  • the pressing knife has a compaction part configured to be in contact with the material, and the compaction part is an arc-shaped surface.
  • This embodiment also provides a compaction structure, which includes a rotating shaft and a plurality of compaction cutters arranged along the axis of the rotating shaft; the compaction cutter includes a fixed disk and a plurality of pressing tools detachably connected to the fixed disk; the fixed disk It is connected with the rotating shaft and the two are relatively fixed in the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft, so that the rotating shaft drives the fixed disk to rotate.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a pick-up machine.
  • the pick-up machine includes any one of the aforementioned compaction structures.
  • This embodiment also provides a pellet molding machine, including the above-mentioned compaction structure.
  • This embodiment also provides a pellet forming machine, including a body body and a material pressing mechanism, a conveying mechanism, a conveying mechanism, an elastic material mechanism, and a particle forming mechanism arranged on the body body;
  • the pressing mechanism is arranged in front of the elastic material mechanism, a conveying mechanism is arranged above the elastic material mechanism, a conveying mechanism is arranged below the conveying mechanism, and a particle forming mechanism is arranged behind the conveying mechanism;
  • the material pressing mechanism can compact the material and transport the material to the conveying mechanism through the elastic material mechanism.
  • the conveying mechanism is configured to gather and adjust the material and convey it to the conveying mechanism.
  • the conveying mechanism is configured to convey the material to the particle forming mechanism. It is configured to compact and form a pair of materials.
  • the pressing mechanism includes a pressing piece, a rotating shaft, a supporting wheel and a swing arm; the pressing piece is connected to the rotating shaft and the two are relatively fixed in the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft, and the supporting wheel is connected to the rotating shaft and The two are relatively fixed in the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft; one end of the swing arm is connected to the body of the vehicle body, and the other end is connected to the rotating shaft.
  • the swing arm is configured to drive the rotating shaft to reciprocate in a vertical plane so that the supporting wheel can leave the ground or Contact with the ground.
  • the material pressing mechanism further includes a cross beam and a material stopper, the cross beam is connected with the swing arm, the stopper is connected with the cross beam, and the stopper is configured to block the compacted material from ejecting the material pressing mechanism.
  • the elastic material mechanism includes a drive shaft and a plurality of elastic tooth components arranged on the drive shaft.
  • the plurality of elastic tooth components are arranged at intervals along the axis of the drive shaft, and the elastic tooth components can bounce and transport materials to the conveying mechanism .
  • the conveying mechanism in the forward direction of the body body, includes a first-direction conveying material piece located forward and a second-direction conveying material piece arranged behind the first-direction conveying material piece; the first direction conveying the material piece It is configured to gather materials in the width direction of the body body and away from the middle of the body body to the middle of the body body; the material conveying member in the second direction is configured to convey the materials to the transmission mechanism.
  • the particle forming mechanism includes: a first roller and a second roller arranged above the first roller, the first roller and the second roller are both connected with the body of the vehicle body, the first roller and the second roller A feeding area is formed between the barrels, and the conveying mechanism is configured to convey the material to the feeding area.
  • the conveying mechanism includes a belt and a conveying wheel that drives the belt to rotate.
  • the conveying wheel is connected to the main body of the vehicle body.
  • the belt is configured to receive the material conveyed from the conveying mechanism and transport the material to the particle forming mechanism.
  • This embodiment also provides an agricultural machinery system, including the aforementioned pellet molding machine.
  • the present disclosure provides a compaction structure, which includes a rotating shaft and a plurality of compacting tools arranged along the axial direction of the rotating shaft.
  • the compaction tool includes a fixed plate and multiple press knives.
  • the multiple press knives are independently installed and can be detachably connected to the fixed plate. When one of the press knives is worn or other abnormal conditions occur, the damaged press knives can be individually treated Replace it to save cost.
  • the fixing plate is provided with a mounting hole
  • the rotating shaft is provided with a mounting part that matches the mounting hole.
  • the cross-sectional profile of the mounting part is polygonal, and the cross-sectional profile of the mounting hole is a polygon that matches the profile of the mounting part.
  • the compacting tool and the rotating shaft can be easily disassembled and assembled, which is convenient for the compacting tool. Replacement can help save usage costs.
  • the present disclosure also provides a pick-up machine, which includes the aforementioned compaction structure. Since the pick-up machine includes the above-mentioned compaction structure, it also has the beneficial effects of convenient disassembly and assembly and saving the use cost.
  • the present disclosure also provides a particle forming machine, which uses a material pressing mechanism to compact materials and transports the compacted materials to an elastic material mechanism, and then transports the material to a conveying mechanism through the elastic material mechanism, and the conveying mechanism is configured to convey the material Gathering adjustment and conveying to the conveying mechanism.
  • the conveying mechanism is configured to transport the material to the pellet forming mechanism.
  • the pellet forming mechanism is configured to compact and shape the material. The compaction and forming of the material are formed at one time, which is compatible with the existing biomass energy forming machinery and equipment. It occupies a large area, cannot be moved, picking and molding are performed separately, and the work efficiency is low.
  • the pellet molding machine of the present disclosure can complete material pressing and material molding at one time, saving working time and improving work efficiency.
  • the pellet forming machine of the present disclosure solves the technical problems of the prior art that the picking and forming are performed separately and the work efficiency is low to a certain extent.
  • the present disclosure also provides an agricultural machinery system, including a pellet molding machine. Based on the above analysis, it can be known that the agricultural machinery system can not only compact materials, but also pellet materials, which saves working time and improves work efficiency. .
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a compaction structure provided by an embodiment of the disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a compaction tool in a compaction structure provided by an embodiment of the disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a fixed disk in a compaction structure provided by an embodiment of the disclosure
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a compaction structure provided by an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic partial structural cross-sectional view of a compaction structure provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 6 is a side view of a pellet forming machine provided by an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a material pressing mechanism in a pellet molding machine provided by an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a material pressing mechanism, an elastic material mechanism, and a conveying mechanism in a pellet molding machine provided by an embodiment of the disclosure;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the elastic tooth assembly in the pellet molding machine provided by the embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a compaction structure 1000 provided by the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a compaction tool 1100 of the compaction structure 1000 provided by the present disclosure.
  • this embodiment provides a compaction structure 1000, which includes a rotating shaft 1300 and a plurality of compacting tools 1100 arranged along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 1300.
  • Each compaction tool 1100 includes a fixed plate 1110 and a plurality of press knives 1120.
  • the multiple press knives 1120 are detachably connected to the fixed plate 1110.
  • the multiple press knives 1120 are independently arranged. When one of the press knives 1120 is worn or occurs In other abnormal situations, the damaged press knife 1120 can be replaced separately, saving the use cost.
  • the fixed disk 1110 is connected to the rotating shaft 1300, and the fixed disk 1110 and the rotating shaft 1300 are relatively fixed in the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft 1300.
  • the rotating shaft 1300 can drive the fixed disk 1110 to rotate together, thereby driving the fixed disk 1110.
  • the two pressing knives 1120 rotate together.
  • a mounting hole 11130 is provided on the fixing plate 1110, and the cross section of the mounting hole 11130 is non-circular.
  • a mounting portion 1310 matching the mounting hole 11130 is provided on the rotating shaft 1300, and the number of the mounting portions 1310 is equal to the number of the compaction tool 1100 and corresponds to each other.
  • the cross section of the mounting portion 1310 is a non-circular shape matching the mounting hole 11130.
  • cross section of the mounting hole 11130 is also a cross section perpendicular to the axis of the mounting hole 11130; similarly, the cross section of the mounting portion 1310 is also a cross section perpendicular to the axis of the rotating shaft 1300.
  • a mounting hole 11130 is opened in the middle of the fixed plate 1110, a mounting portion 1310 that matches the mounting hole 11130 is provided on the rotating shaft 1300, and the cross section of the mounting portion 1310 and the cross section of the mounting hole 11130 are set to have a suitable shape.
  • the compaction tool 1100 can be driven to rotate together when the shaft 1300 rotates, thereby compacting the material; at the same time, the compaction tool 1100 and the shaft 1300 It is convenient to disassemble and assemble, facilitate the replacement of the compaction tool 1100, and help save the use cost.
  • the cross section of the mounting portion 1310 and the cross section of the mounting hole 11130 are both set to be regular polygons with matching shapes, for example, regular pentagons or regular hexagons, etc., with a regular structure, which is convenient for manufacturing and installation.
  • cross section of the mounting portion 1310 may also be an ellipse, and the cross section of the mounting hole 11130 may be an ellipse that matches the shape of the mounting portion 1310.
  • the compaction structure 1000 provided by the present disclosure will be described in detail below:
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a fixing plate 1110 of the compaction structure 1000 provided by the present disclosure.
  • the fixed plate 1110 includes a plate body 11110 and a plurality of connecting teeth 11120 connected to the outer edge of the plate body 11110.
  • the fixed plate 1110 may be a disc with an opening in the middle.
  • the connecting teeth 11120 are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction of the disc body 11110, and the plurality of connecting teeth 11120 protrude outwardly from the outer edge of the disc body 11110 along the radial direction of the disc body 11110.
  • the plurality of pressing knives 1120 and the plurality of connecting teeth 11120 The number is equal and corresponds to each other, and each pressing knife 1120 is detachably connected to the corresponding connecting tooth 11120.
  • the plate body 11110 is in the shape of a circular ring sheet, and the opening at the center position thereof is the mounting hole 11130 through which the rotating shaft 1300 passes.
  • a plurality of connecting teeth 11120 are fixedly connected to the outer edge of the disk body 11110, and each connecting tooth 11120 extends outward along the radial direction of the disk body 11110 to form a connecting part that is convenient for connecting with the pressing knife 1120.
  • the disc body 11110 and the plurality of connecting teeth 11120 are integrally formed.
  • the compacting tool 1100 further includes a locking member 1130, and the locking member 1130 cooperates with the connecting teeth 11120 and the pressing knife 1120 at the same time, so that the pressing knife 1120 and the connecting teeth 11120 are relatively fixed.
  • the locking member 1130 includes a locking bolt and a locking nut.
  • the connecting tooth 11120 is provided with a first connecting hole
  • the pressing knife 1120 is provided with a second connecting hole.
  • the locking bolt passes through the pair of first and second connecting holes in sequence and then connects with the locking nut to connect
  • the teeth 11120 and the pressing knife 1120 are simultaneously locked between the bolt head of the locking bolt and the locking nut, so that the connecting teeth 11120 and the pressing knife 1120 are relatively fixed.
  • each pressing knife 1120 and a connecting tooth 11120 can be fixedly connected by a locking member 1130, and can also be fixedly connected by a plurality of locking members 1130, so as to improve the stability of the pressing knife 1120 and the connecting tooth 11120.
  • the locking bolt is relatively fixed, and then the locking nut is turned to remove the locking nut from the locking bolt.
  • the locking member 1130 includes a locking bolt and a locking nut. It is understandable that the structure of the locking member 1130 can also be selected according to the requirements of the locking member 1130, which can realize the connection between the pressing knife 1120 and To lock the teeth 11120, the two can be detachable at the same time. For example, a rivet is selected as the locking member 1130, the pressing knife 1120 and the connecting tooth 11120.
  • the pressing knife 1120 has a compaction portion 11210 configured to be in contact with the material, and the compaction portion 11210 is set as an arc-shaped rod or arc-shaped bar, so that the compaction structure 1000 rotates to perform the material During the compaction process, the material can be prevented from being pierced by the pressing knife 1120 on the basis of ensuring that the material is compacted.
  • the pressing knife 1120 has a crescent-shaped arc as a whole. The two opposite sides of the pressing knife 1120 in the direction of rotation are respectively convex and concave sides.
  • the convex side forms the compacting portion 11210 of the pressing knife 1120, and simultaneously In the radial direction extending from the inside to the outside of the pressing knife 1120, the distance between the concave side and the convex side gradually decreases, and the pressing knife 1120 has a more reasonable structure and higher strength.
  • the width of the part where the pressing knife 1120 connects with the fixed plate 1110 is greater than the width of the tip of the pressing knife 1120, and the connecting position between the pressing knife 1120 and the fixed plate 1110 is not easily damaged.
  • the specific shape of the pressing knife 1120 is not limited in the present disclosure. It is understandable that the shape of the pressing knife 1120 can be set according to the needs of the user. For example, the pressing knife 1120 is set such that the concave side and the convex side are parallel. , Or set in a curved shape on one side and a flat shape on the other side.
  • the rotation directions of the multiple pressing knives 1120 in the same compaction tool 1100 are the same, so that the compaction tool 1100 is in a spiral tooth shape as a whole, and the compaction effect is better.
  • the compaction structure 1000 further includes a plurality of spacers 1200, the spacers 1200 are sleeved on the rotating shaft 1300, and are located between two adjacent compaction tools 1100, the compaction tool 1100 The fixed disk 1110 resists the corresponding spacer 1200.
  • the plurality of spacers 1200 and the plurality of compaction tools 1100 are alternately arranged in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 1300, and at least the spacers at both ends of the axis of the rotating shaft 1300
  • the 1200 or/and the compaction tool 1100 are fixed to the rotating shaft to prevent the multiple spacers 1200 and the multiple compacting tools 1100 from sliding relative to the rotating shaft 1300 along the axis of the rotating shaft 1300 as a whole.
  • the spacer 1200 a plurality of compacting tools 1100 are arranged at intervals, and the axial positioning of the compacting tools 1100 is realized at the same time, and the compacting tools 1100 are prevented from sliding along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 1300 during use.
  • the spacer 1200 has a circular tube shape with a first through hole 1210 extending in the axial direction of the spacer sleeve 1200, and the rotating shaft 1300 penetrates the first through hole 1210.
  • the spacer 1200 and the compaction tool 1100 when assembling the spacer 1200 and the compaction tool 1100, the spacer 1200 and the rotating shaft 1300 are in a sliding fit. You can first position a spacer 1200 on the rotating shaft 1300, and then insert a compaction on the rotating shaft 1300 in turn. The tool 1100 and another spacer 1200 can be assembled in a cycle. The compaction tool 1100 and the spacer 1200 are easy to assemble and easy to replace.
  • the spacer 1200 has a cylindrical structure, and both ends of the spacer 1200 are flat surfaces, which are respectively attached to the corresponding fixed disk 1110.
  • the radial dimension of the spacer 1200 is smaller than or equal to the diameter of the fixed disk 1110. In other words, the outer circumferential surface of the spacer 1200 does not protrude outward from the outer circumferential surface of the fixed disk 1110 along the radial direction of the fixed disk 1110.
  • the radial dimension D1 of the spacer 1200 is the diameter of the cross-sectional outer contour of the spacer 1200
  • the diameter D2 of the fixed disk 1110 is the diameter of the cross-sectional outer contour of the disk body 11110 of the fixed disk 1110.
  • the radial dimension D1 of the spacer 1200 is less than or equal to the diameter D2 of the fixed disk 1110, when the end face of the spacer 1200 is pressed against the compacting tool 1100, and the spacer 1200 and the compacting tool 1100 are in the shaft 1300 After the position in the axial direction is fixed, the gap between the two adjacent spacers 1200 is filled with the fixing disc 1110 of the compaction tool 1100, and there is no gap between the spacer 1200 and the corresponding fixing disc 1110, so as to avoid during the working process, When the material enters the gap between two adjacent spacers 1200 and the gap between the spacer 1200 and the fixed disk 1110, material jam occurs, and the compaction structure 1000 works more reliably.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic partial structural cross-sectional view of the compaction structure 1000 provided by the present disclosure.
  • the compaction structure 1000 further includes a limiting member 1400.
  • the limiting member 1400 is simultaneously matched with the spacer 1200 and the rotating shaft 1300 to fix the spacer 1200 and the rotating shaft 1300, that is, to achieve The spacer 1200 and the rotating shaft 1300 are relatively fixed along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 1300.
  • the limiting member 1400 includes a limiting screw and a limiting nut.
  • the spacer 1200 is provided with a second through hole 1220 extending in its radial direction
  • the rotating shaft 1300 is provided with a third through hole extending in its radial direction.
  • the stop screw passes through the second through hole 1220 and the corresponding third through hole.
  • the hole rotating shaft 1300 is screwed with the limit nut, so that the spacer 1200 and the rotating shaft 1300 are relatively fixed.
  • the limiting member 1400 is configured as a rivet.
  • each spacer 1200 is provided with a second through hole 1220.
  • the rotating shaft 1300 is provided with a third through hole equal in number to the second through hole 1220.
  • the second through hole and the third through hole They are paired one by one, so that the position of each spacer 1200 on the rotating shaft 1300 is fixed by a limiting member 1400.
  • the components in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 1300 and close to the two ends of the rotating shaft 1300 are spacers, and the spacers 1200 of the compaction tool 1100 are the axial positions of the two compaction tools 1100 located at the axial ends of the rotating shaft 1300, respectively. It is fixed by a spacer 1200.
  • a plurality of spacers 1200 and a plurality of compaction tools 1100 are alternately sleeved outside the rotating shaft 1300 in turn, and the spacers 1200 are sequentially fixed until the installation is completed.
  • each spacer 1200 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 1300. It is understandable that only part of the spacer 1200 can be fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 1300 according to requirements, for example, only the spacer 1200 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 1300.
  • the spacers 1200 at the two ends are arranged to be fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 1300. Since the adjacent spacers 1200 resist the compaction tool 1100, after the two spacers 1200 at both ends are fixed, the spacers at the two ends can be realized. The axial positioning of the remaining spacers 1200 and the plurality of compaction tools 1100 between the sleeves 1200.
  • each compaction tool 1100 is sandwiched between two adjacent spacer sleeves 1200.
  • a positioning member can also be provided according to requirements to realize the alignment of the compaction tool 1100 and the spacer.
  • the positioning member is set as a positioning screw, and a positioning screw is set at both ends of the rotating shaft 1300, and a plurality of spacers 1200 and a plurality of compaction tools 1100 are installed between the two positioning screws.
  • the positioning member may also be a threaded barrel.
  • the threaded barrel has a threaded hole.
  • the threaded barrel is screwed to the outside of the rotating shaft 1300 through the threaded hole, thereby realizing a plurality of spacers 130 and a plurality of spacers 130 between the two threaded barrels. Positioning of a compaction tool 1100.
  • the rotating shaft 1300 includes a mounting portion 1310 and a transmission portion 1320 provided at both ends of the mounting portion 1310.
  • the transmission portion 1320 can be integrally formed with the mounting portion 1310.
  • a cross-section of the mounting portion 1310 It is a polygon, the shape of the mounting hole 11130 is set to a polygon corresponding to the cross section of the mounting portion 1310, the mounting portion 1310 is inserted into the mounting hole 11130, so that during the rotation of the shaft 1300, the mounting portion 1310 can be driven and sleeved on it
  • the compaction tool 1100 rotates.
  • the transmission part 1320 has a circular rod shape and is configured to be rotatably connected with other components.
  • the other components may be motors.
  • the corresponding two pressing knives 1120 of the two adjacent compacting knives 1100 are staggered in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 1300.
  • the multiple pressing knives 1120 in the same compaction tool 1100 are arranged at even intervals along the circumferential direction of the fixed disk 1110, and the cross-sectional profile shape of each mounting hole 11130 is a regular polygon.
  • the number of knives 1120 is different from the number of sides of the mounting hole 11130, and the number of press knives 1120 is not an integral multiple of the number of sides of the mounting hole 11130.
  • the angle between adjacent press knives 1120 is not on each side of the mounting hole 11130.
  • the two mounting holes 11130 are matched with the mounting portion 1310 at different angles, and the corresponding two compaction tools 1120 of the adjacent two compaction tools 1100 have clamps along the circumference of the rotating shaft 1300.
  • Angle, in the compaction process when the pressing knife 1120 of a certain compacting tool 1100 compacts the material, the corresponding pressing knife 1120 in the adjacent compacting tool 1100 can continue to compact the material.
  • the joint action of the solid cutter 1100 realizes continuous compaction of the material and prevents pressure leakage, thereby effectively increasing the compaction rate and achieving better compaction effect.
  • the latter compaction tool 1100 when two adjacent compaction tools 1100 are sleeved on the rotating shaft 1300, the latter compaction tool 1100 can rotate a certain angle relative to the previous compaction tool 1100 with respect to the rotating shaft 1300 and then set on the rotating shaft 1300.
  • the corresponding two pressing knives 1120 on the two adjacent compaction knives 1100 are arranged staggered in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 1300, so as to realize continuous compaction of the material with good compaction effect.
  • each compaction tool 1100 includes six press knives 1120, the six press knives 1120 are arranged at even intervals along the circumferential direction of the fixed plate 1110, and the included angle between adjacent press knives 1120 is 60°; the cross-sectional profile of the mounting hole 11130 is a regular octagon, and the center angle corresponding to each side of the cross-sectional profile of the mounting hole 11130 is 45°.
  • the staggered arrangement of the corresponding pressing knives 1120 of any two compaction knives 1100 can be realized.
  • the corresponding pressing knives 1120 of the plurality of compaction knives 1100 are arranged alternately in sequence.
  • the present disclosure does not limit the number of press knives 1120 and the number of sides of the cross-sectional profile of the mounting hole 11130. It is understandable that the number of press knives 1120 and the installation can be specifically set according to the needs of users.
  • the shape of the hole 11130 for example, the number of press knives 1120 is set to five, and the cross-sectional shape of the mounting hole 11130 is set to triangle; or the number of press knives 1120 is set to three, and the cross-sectional shape of the mounting hole 11130 is set to five.
  • the number of press knives 1120 is different from the side number of the cross-sectional profile of the mounting hole 11130, and the number of press knives 1120 is not an integer multiple of the side number of the cross-sectional profile of the mounting hole 11130.
  • the multiple compaction tools 1100 have the same structure.
  • the corresponding two compaction tools 1100 of the two adjacent compaction tools 1100 The knife 1120 is staggered along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 1300. It can be understood that the staggered arrangement of the corresponding two pressing knives 1120 in the two adjacent compaction tools 1100 along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 1300 can also be implemented in other ways. For example, at least two adjacent compaction tools 1100 The setting of the corresponding relationship between the pressing knife 1120 and the mounting hole 11130 is different.
  • the two pressing knives 1120 are staggered along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 1300.
  • the number of pressing knives 1120 in the compaction tool 1100 and the number of sides of the cross-sectional shape of the mounting hole 11130 are both set to five, and the pressing knives 1120 of one of the two adjacent compacting knives 1100 and the mounting hole 11130
  • One side of the cross-sectional profile of the hole 11130 corresponds to one side, and one corner of the cross-sectional profile of the mounting hole 11130 in the other compaction tool 1100 is correspondingly set between two adjacent press knives 1120, so that when two compaction tools After 1100 are all sleeved on the mounting portion 1310, the corresponding pressing knives 1120 of the two adjacent compacting knives 1100 are staggered in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 1300.
  • the working principle of the compaction structure 1000 provided by the present disclosure is:
  • the multiple press knives 1120 are independently arranged and are detachably connected to the fixed plate 1110, when only part of the press knives 1120 in the compaction tool 1100 is damaged, only the damaged press knives 1120 can be replaced, which is convenient for replacement , And help save the cost of use.
  • the rotating shaft 1300 When in use, the rotating shaft 1300 is driven to rotate, thereby driving the compaction tool 1100 to rotate, so that the multiple compaction tools 1120 on the same compaction tool 1100 sequentially compact the material, and at the same time, due to the corresponding ones in the adjacent two compaction tools 1100
  • the pressing knives 1120 are staggered along the axis of the rotating shaft 1300, so that during the compaction process, when the pressing knives 1120 in one compacting tool 1100 compact the material, the corresponding pressing knives 1120 in the adjacent compacting tool 1100 continue The material is compacted, so that the continuous compaction of the material is realized through the joint action of adjacent compaction cutters 1100, the compaction rate is high and the compaction effect is better.
  • the compaction structure 1000 provided by the present disclosure has at least the following advantages:
  • the compaction tool 1100 since the compaction tool 1100 is detachably connected to the rotating shaft 1300, a single integral compaction tool 1100 can be replaced, and at the same time, each of the compaction tools 1120 in the compaction tool 1100 is independently arranged and uniform. It is detachably connected with the fixed plate 1110, so that the damaged pressing knife 1120 can be replaced, which helps to reduce the use cost, and the disassembly and assembly structure is simple, and the operation is convenient and quick.
  • the compaction portion 11210 of the press knife 1120 is arranged in an arc shape, so as to avoid piercing the material during the compaction process, and the quality of the material after compaction is better.
  • the corresponding press knives 1120 of the two adjacent compaction knives 1100 are staggered along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 1300, which effectively improves the compaction rate and has a good compaction effect.
  • the present disclosure also provides a pick-up machine (not shown in the figure), which includes a pick-up machine body and the above-mentioned compaction structure 1000.
  • the transmission part 1320 of the compaction structure 1000 is rotatably connected to the pick-up machine body. Since the pick-up machine includes the aforementioned compaction structure 1000, it also has the technical effects of low use cost and good compaction effect.
  • the present disclosure also provides a pellet molding machine, including a body body 600 and a pressing mechanism 100, a conveying mechanism 300, a conveying mechanism 400, and an elastic material mechanism 200 arranged on the body body 600 And the particle forming mechanism 500; it should be noted that the pressing mechanism 100 can adopt the above-mentioned compaction structure 100, in other words, the structure of the above-mentioned compaction structure 100 can replace the compaction mentioned in this disclosure
  • the structure of the mechanism 100 for ease of description, a different name from the compacting structure 100 mentioned above is used for description in this disclosure.
  • the pressing mechanism 100 is arranged in front of the elastic material mechanism 200, the conveying mechanism 300 is arranged above the elastic material mechanism 200, the conveying mechanism 400 is arranged below the conveying mechanism 300, and the back of the conveying mechanism 400 A particle forming mechanism 500 is provided;
  • the material pressing mechanism 100 is configured to compact materials and transport the compacted materials to the elastic material mechanism 200.
  • the elastic material mechanism 200 is configured to transport the compacted materials to the conveying mechanism 300, and the conveying mechanism 300 is configured to gather the materials. It is adjusted and conveyed to the conveying mechanism 400, the conveying mechanism 400 is configured to convey the material to the particle forming mechanism 500, and the particle forming mechanism 500 is configured to compact the material.
  • the beneficial effects of the present disclosure include, for example:
  • Body body 600 Body body 600
  • the material pressing mechanism 100 is used to compact materials and the compressed materials are transported to the elastic material mechanism 200, and then the material is transported to the conveying mechanism 300 through the elastic material mechanism 200.
  • the conveying mechanism 300 is configured to gather and adjust the material and convey it to the conveying mechanism 400.
  • the conveying mechanism 400 is configured to convey the material to the pellet forming mechanism 500.
  • the pellet forming mechanism 500 is configured to compact and shape the material. The compaction and forming of the material are completed at one time Compared with the existing biomass energy forming machinery and equipment, it covers a large area, is not movable, picking up and forming are carried out separately, and the work efficiency is low.
  • the pellet forming machine of the present disclosure can complete pressing and material forming at one time, saving Working time, and improve work efficiency.
  • the pellet forming machine of the present disclosure solves the technical problems of the prior art that the picking and forming are performed separately and the work efficiency is low to a certain extent.
  • the material pressing mechanism 100 includes a material pressing member 101, a supporting wheel 102 and a swing arm 103.
  • the number of support wheels 102 is set to two, and the two support wheels 102 are connected by a rotating shaft 104, the rotating shaft 104 is provided with a pressing member 101, and the pressing member 101 is configured to compact the material;
  • the two swing arms 103 are respectively located at both ends of the rotating shaft 104, and one end of each swing arm 103 is connected to the rotating shaft 104, and the other end of each swing arm 103 is fixed to the body 600
  • the swing arm 103 can drive the support wheel 102 to swing back and forth within a certain angle range.
  • the two swing arms 103 are located at the outermost side in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 104.
  • the support wheel 102 and the material pressing member 101 are both located between the two swing arms 103.
  • the pressing member 101 is a blade disc composed of crescent-shaped blades, where the crescent-shaped blade does not have a sharp structure, in other words, the blade has two opposite sides in the circumferential direction, and both sides are arc-shaped The side of the blade is in contact with the material to achieve the purpose of compaction and compaction without piercing the material.
  • the plural pressing pieces 101 are arranged on the rotating shaft 104 at even intervals along the axis of the rotating shaft 104.
  • the swing arm 103 and the rotating shaft 104 are rotatably connected through a bearing.
  • the inner ring of the bearing is sleeved outside the rotating shaft 104
  • the rotating shaft 104 is fixed relative to the inner ring of the bearing
  • the swing arm 103 is sleeved on the bearing.
  • the swing arm 103 is fixed relative to the outer ring of the bearing.
  • the swing arm 103 is driven to rotate upward to a certain angle to lift the support wheel 102, so that the support wheel 102 is off the ground, reducing the space occupied;
  • the swing arm 103 is driven to rotate downward to a certain angle to put the supporting wheel 102 down and contact the ground, so as to prepare for subsequent operations.
  • a cross beam 105 is provided between the two swing arms 103, and a stopper 106 is provided on the cross beam 105.
  • the stopper 106 is configured to block the compacted material from ejecting the material due to inertia.
  • Organization 100 the length of the beam 105 extends along the axis of the rotating shaft 104.
  • the baffle 106 is a baffle, the number of baffles is provided in multiple, and the plurality of baffles are evenly spaced along the axis of the rotating shaft 104.
  • One end of the baffle is fixed on the beam 105, and the other end is free. The free end extends toward the material pressing member 101 in the material pressing mechanism 100; optionally, the material stopper 106 and the cross beam 105 are fixed by welding, which makes the welding stronger and has a long service life.
  • the plural pressing pieces 101 are evenly spaced along the axis of the cross beam 105, that is, a gap is left between two adjacent pressing pieces 101.
  • the number of baffles is provided in multiple, and the multiple baffles are evenly spaced along the axis of the cross beam 105, and the multiple baffles and the multiple blanks 101 are alternately arranged along the axis of the rotating shaft 104, in other words, adjacent
  • the elastic material mechanism 200 includes a drive shaft 201 and a plurality of elastic tooth assemblies 202 arranged on the drive shaft 201, and the plurality of elastic tooth assemblies 202 are arranged at even intervals along the axis of the drive shaft 201.
  • the cloth and elastic tooth assembly 202 can bounce the material conveyed after being compacted by the material pressing mechanism 100 and transport it to the conveying mechanism 300.
  • a motor and a gearbox are arranged inside the body 600.
  • the motor is in transmission connection with the transmission, and the transmission is in transmission connection with the drive shaft 201, and is configured to drive the drive shaft 201 to rotate and drive the spring gear assembly 202 Rotate.
  • the elastic tooth assembly 202 includes a fixing piece 204 and a plurality of elastic tooth pieces 205 arranged on the fixing piece 204.
  • the fixing piece 204 is in the shape of a disk with an opening in the middle. They are arranged at even intervals.
  • the fixing member 204 is sleeved outside the driving shaft 201, and the fixing member 204 and the driving shaft 201 are relatively fixed in the circumferential direction of the driving shaft 201.
  • a reinforcing member is further provided at the connection between the fixing member 204 and the drive shaft 201, which plays a role of a fixed connection and can extend the service life of the elastic material mechanism 200.
  • the reinforcing member may be a rivet or a bolt that penetrates the fixing member 204 and the drive shaft 201 at the same time.
  • the conveying mechanism 300 in the advancing direction of the particle forming machine, includes a first-direction conveying material 301 located in the front and a second-direction conveying material 301 arranged behind the first-direction conveying material 301 302; the first direction conveying material member 301 is configured to gather materials on both sides in the width direction of the body body 600 to the middle; the second direction conveying material member 302 is configured to convey the gathered materials to the conveying mechanism 400.
  • the first direction conveying mechanism 300 is used to adjust the distribution range of the material in the width direction of the body body 600 , So that the material distribution range meets the use width of the conveying mechanism 400, and thus does not affect the normal operation of the pellet molding machine.
  • the number of the first-direction conveying material 301 is set to two, and one end of the two first-direction conveying material 301 is respectively fixed on the body body 600, and the other end of the two first-direction conveying material 301 Relatively spaced apart, that is, there is a space between the two first-direction conveying material pieces 301, and this space is configured to accommodate the material body body 600 that is conveyed from both sides of the body body 600 to the middle through the first direction conveying material pieces 301.
  • the first direction conveying material piece 301 adopts a screw shaft structure, and two first direction conveying material pieces 301 with a screw shaft structure are arranged symmetrically.
  • the two first direction conveying material pieces 301 are The materials on both sides in the width direction of the body body 600 are conveyed toward the middle to realize the gathering of materials on the feeding side of the conveying material piece 302 in the second direction, so as to realize the sorting of materials and facilitate the sorted materials to pass through the second direction
  • the conveying material 302 is conveyed to the conveying mechanism 400.
  • the second-direction conveying material piece 302 can convey the sorted materials to the conveying mechanism 400, and the second-direction conveying material piece 302 may be a material setting wheel with a saw-tooth structure, using a material setting wheel with a saw-tooth structure Therefore, the material is transferred to the conveying mechanism 400.
  • a driver is provided inside the body body 600. The driver is respectively connected with the material conveying member 301 in the first direction and the material conveying member 302 in the second direction, and the driver is used to drive the material to be conveyed in the first direction. 301 and the second direction conveying material 302. It should be understood that the number of drives may be three, which are respectively connected to two first-direction material conveying members 301 and one second-direction material conveying member 302.
  • the particle forming mechanism 500 includes a first roller 501 and a second roller 502 arranged above the first roller 501, the first roller 501 and the second roller 502 are in rolling contact, and A feeding area 503 and a discharging area are formed on both sides of the first roller 501 or the second roller 502 in the direction of rotation.
  • the conveying mechanism 400 is arranged below the first roller 501, and the material is conveyed by the conveying mechanism 400 It enters from the feed area 503 and passes through the first roller 501 and the second roller 502 and then exits from the discharge area.
  • the rotation directions of the first roller 501 and the second roller 502 are opposite, that is, when the first roller 501 rotates in a clockwise direction, the second roller 502 rotates counterclockwise, or When the second roller 502 rotates clockwise, the first roller 501 rotates counterclockwise.
  • a feeding area 503 is formed between the first roller 501 and the second roller 502.
  • the material conveyed by the conveying mechanism 400 passes through the feeding area 503, and is reused between the first roller 501 and the second roller 502
  • the friction and pressure of the material can realize the formation of the particles of the material.
  • the formed material enters the discharge area, and then is transported to the material box by other transportation devices. At this point, the material is finally compacted, formed and packaged.
  • the conveying mechanism 400 includes a belt 401 and a conveying wheel 402 that drives the belt 401 to rotate.
  • the belt 401 can transport materials to the feeding area 503 of the particle forming mechanism 500.
  • the belt 401 of the conveying mechanism 400 is in contact with the first roller 501 and forms a wrap angle structure.
  • the belt 401 of the conveying mechanism 400 is in contact with the first roller 501 and forms a wrap angle structure.
  • the belt 401 and the first roller 501 are flattened under the co-extrusion, and then transported to the feeding area 503 to be compressed.
  • the elastic material mechanism 200 further includes a scraper 203, and the scraper 203 is arranged between the plurality of elastic tooth assemblies 202.
  • the material pressing mechanism 100 compacts the material and moves the compacted material to the elastic material mechanism 200.
  • the elastic material mechanism 200 operates at a high speed to remove most of the material. Transported to the conveying mechanism 300, but part of the material will still be thrown out of the elastic mechanism 200. At this time, the scraper 203 can block the material that is thrown out, and make the material fall back onto the elastic mechanism 200, and Together with other materials, it is transported to the conveying mechanism 300, thereby improving work efficiency and avoiding material waste.
  • the number of scrapers 203 is multiple, and the multiple scrapers 203 are arranged at intervals along the axis of the drive shaft 201, and a scraper 203 is provided between two adjacent elastic tooth members 205
  • the multiple scrapers 203 and the multiple elastic teeth 205 are alternately arranged along the axis of the drive shaft 201.
  • the scraper 203 blocks the gap between the adjacent elastic teeth 205, can block the material thrown out during the operation of the elastic teeth 205 to the greatest extent, and will not affect the operation of the elastic teeth 205.
  • the pellet forming machine further includes a material box, which is arranged at the rear of the body body 600 and is configured to store the formed material.
  • the size of the material box is set as required, for example, the size of the material box is designed to be large enough to meet the needs of mass-forming materials.
  • a discharge port can be set near the bottom of the material box, and a valve is provided at the discharge port. When the molding materials are collected, the valve is opened to make the materials fall from the discharge port, and then the materials are packaged and stored. More convenient and simple.
  • the pellet molding machine Before working, the pellet molding machine provided by the present disclosure first installs the pressing piece 101 on the rotating shaft 104, uses the swing arm 103 to lower the support wheel 102 and makes the support wheel 102 contact the ground, and then moves the pressing piece 101 to Above the material, the pressing piece 101 is driven by the rotating shaft 104 to rotate and flatten the scattered and fluffy stem materials.
  • the pressing piece 101 includes a blade disk mainly composed of crescent-shaped blades, which can hold the stems The material is easily flattened, and at the same time, the crescent-shaped blade can intersect the stem materials to form a whole, which is convenient for the 200 elastic material of the elastic material mechanism.
  • the material pressing mechanism 100 compacts and transports the material to the elastic material mechanism 200.
  • the elastic material mechanism 200 starts to work.
  • the drive shaft 201 in the elastic material mechanism 200 runs at a high speed.
  • the operating speed is greater than the travel speed of the pellet molding machine.
  • the elastic material mechanism 200 transfers the pre-compressed stalk material to the conveying mechanism 300.
  • a scraper 203 is provided between the elastic tooth components 202.
  • the material pressing mechanism 100, the stopper 106 and the elastic material mechanism 200 are evenly distributed. At the same time, in order to avoid the interference of each mechanism, the material pressing mechanism 100 and the elastic material mechanism 200 are designed at intervals. During operation, the two mechanisms interact with each other. No influence, safe and reliable work.
  • the stalk material is bounced by the elastic material mechanism 200 and transported to the conveying mechanism 300, the material collected on both sides in the width direction of the body body 600 is adjusted to the middle part by the material conveying member 301 in the first direction, and then passes through the second direction.
  • the direction conveying material piece 302 is transferred to the conveying mechanism 400.
  • the conveying mechanism 300 includes two first-direction conveying material pieces 301, two first-direction conveying material pieces 301 are symmetrically arranged, and the two first-direction conveying material pieces 301 both adopt a screw shaft structure, and two first-direction conveying material pieces
  • the rotation direction of the 301 is opposite, and the rotation speed can be set to be the same.
  • the two first-direction conveying material pieces 301 can arrange the materials located on the outer side in the width direction of the vehicle body 600 to the middle of the vehicle body 600.
  • the material conveying member 302 in the second direction includes a material dial wheel with a sawtooth structure, which can effectively transport the material to the conveying mechanism 400.
  • the material is transported by the conveying mechanism 400 and enters the pellet forming mechanism 500.
  • the material is conveyed by the conveying mechanism 400 to the belt 401 and the first roller 501 of the conveying mechanism 400 for squeezing and leveling, and then is Send to the feeding area 503, when the material is squeezed by the first roller 501 and the second roller 502 in the feeding area 503, because the belt 401 is attached to the first roller 501, the belt 401 and the first roller 501 There is no gap between them, so that the material in the feeding area 503 will not fall from the belt 401. Therefore, the conveying mechanism 400 cooperates with the first roller 501 to prevent the material from falling.
  • the belt 401 of the conveying mechanism 400 is tightly attached to the first roller 501 after being tensioned.
  • the conveying mechanism 400 does not need to be provided with a separate driving device, relying on the friction between the first roller 501 and the conveying mechanism 400 to provide power.
  • the simultaneous transmission of the two is formed, which ensures the uniformity of the material feed amount and avoids the backlog of the material in the feeding area 503.
  • the present disclosure also provides an agricultural machinery system, including the above-mentioned pellet forming machine. Based on the above analysis, it can be known that the agricultural machinery system can not only compact the material but also pellet the material, saving working time, and Improved work efficiency.
  • the present disclosure provides a compaction structure, pick-up machine, pellet molding machine and agricultural machinery system, which have the advantages of low cost, good compaction effect and high pellet molding efficiency.

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Abstract

一种压实结构、捡拾机、颗粒成型机及农业机械系统，其中压实结构包括转轴（1300）以及沿转轴（1300）的轴向设置的多个压实刀具（1100）。压实刀具（1100）包括固定盘（1110）以及多个压刀（1120），多个压刀（1120）可拆卸地连接在固定盘（1110）上，当其中一个压刀（1120）磨损或发生其他异常情况时，可单独对受损的压刀（1120）进行更换，节约使用成本。固定盘（1110）上开设有安装孔（11130），转轴（1300）上设置有与安装孔（11130）相匹配的安装部（1310），安装部（1310）与安装孔（11130）均设置为形状适配的多边形，从而通过将安装部（1310）穿设在安装孔（11130）内，即可实现当转轴（1300）转动时，带动压实刀具（1100）转动，进而对物料进行压实，同时压实刀具（1100）与转轴（1300）的拆装方便，便于对压实刀具（1100）进行更换，有助于节约使用成本。

Description

一种压实结构、捡拾机、颗粒成型机及农业机械系统
相关申请的交叉引用
本公开要求于2019年04月30日提交中国专利局的申请号为201910364290.0、名称为“颗粒成型机及农业机械系统”的中国专利申请的优先权；
以及于2019年08月19日提交中国专利局的申请号为201910762672.9、名称为“一种压实结构及捡拾机”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本公开中。
技术领域
本公开涉及农业机械技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种压实结构、捡拾机、颗粒成型机及农业机械系统。
背景技术
中国作为农业大国，各类秸秆资源(例如玉米秸秆、大豆秸秆、小麦秸秆或者稻草等)十分丰富，将各类秸秆进行收集可用于养殖业以及造纸业等，同时作为生物质能源也获得了广泛利用。
在将秸秆作为原料进行加工，以对其生物质能进行利用前，需对秸秆进行压实处理，现有的压实结构易损坏，使用成本高。
发明内容
本公开的目的包括，例如，提供了一种压实结构，其能够改善现有技术中存在的上述问题。
本公开的目的还包括，提供了一种捡拾机，其能够改善现有技术中存在的上述问题。
本公开的目的还包括，提供了一种颗粒成型机和农业机械系统，在一定程度上解决现有技术中存在的捡拾与成型分开进行，工作效率低的技术问题。
本公开的实施例是这样实现的：
本公开的实施例提供了一种压实结构，其包括转轴以及沿转轴的轴向设置的多个压实刀具；压实刀具包括固定盘以及可拆卸地连接于固定盘的多个压刀；固定盘上设置有安装孔，转轴上设置有与安装孔相匹配的安装部，安装部穿设在安装孔内；安装部与安装孔均为形状适配的多边形，使得转轴转动时能够带动压实刀具转动。
可选的，同一相邻的两个压实刀具中对应的两个压刀在沿转轴的轴向上错开设置。
可选的，同一压实刀具中的压刀的数量与对应的安装孔的横截面轮廓的边数不同，且压刀的数量不是安装孔的横截面轮廓的边数的整数倍。
可选的，固定盘包括盘体以及连接在盘体外缘的多个连接齿，多个连接齿沿盘体的周向间隔设置；压刀与连接齿可拆卸地连接。
可选的，压实刀具还包括锁紧件，锁紧件同时与连接齿和压刀配合，以使压刀与连接齿相对固定。
可选的，压实结构还包括套设在转轴上的隔套；相邻的两个压实刀具之间 设有至少一个隔套。
可选的，隔套的径向尺寸小于或者等于固定盘的直径。
可选的，压实结构还包括限位件，限位件同时与隔套和转轴配合，，以限制隔套相对于转轴沿转轴的轴线滑动。
可选的，压刀具有配置成与物料接触的压实部，压实部为弧形面。
本实施例还提供了一种压实结构，包括转轴以及沿转轴的轴线设置的多个压实刀具；压实刀具包括固定盘以及可拆卸地连接于固定盘上的多个压刀；固定盘与转轴连接且二者在转轴的周向上相对固定，以使转轴带动固定盘转动。
本公开的实施例还提供了一种捡拾机。该捡拾机包括上述任意一种压实结构。
本实施例还提供了一种颗粒成型机，包括上述的压实结构。
本实施例还提供了一种颗粒成型机，包括车身主体以及设置在车身主体上的压料机构、输送机构、传送机构、弹料机构以及颗粒成型机构；
压料机构设置在弹料机构的前方，弹料机构的上方设置有输送机构，输送机构的下方设置有传送机构，传送机构的后方设置有颗粒成型机构；
压料机构能够对物料压实，且通过弹料机构将物料运输到输送机构，输送机构配置成将物料聚拢调整并输送给传送机构，传送机构配置成将物料运送给颗粒成型机构，颗粒成型机构配置成对物料压实成型。
可选的可选的，压料机构包括压料件、旋转轴、支撑轮以及摆动臂；压料件与旋转轴连接且二者在旋转轴的周向上相对固定，支撑轮与旋转轴连接且二者在旋转轴的周向上相对固定；摆动臂的一端与车身主体连接，其另一端与旋转轴连接，摆动臂配置成驱动旋转轴在竖直面内往复摆动，以使支撑轮离开地面或者与地面接触。
可选的，压料机构还包括横梁以及挡料件，横梁与摆动臂连接，挡料件与横梁连接，挡料件配置成阻挡压实的物料弹出压料机构。
可选的，弹料机构包括驱动轴以及设置在驱动轴上的多个弹齿组件，多个弹齿组件沿驱动轴的轴线间隔排布，弹齿组件能够将物料弹起并运输至输送机构。
可选的，在所述车身主体的前进方向上，输送机构包括位于前方的第一方向输送物料件以及设置在第一方向输送物料件后方的第二方向输送物料件；第一方向输送物料件配置成将在车身主体的宽度方向上且远离车身主体中部的物料向车身主体的中部聚拢；第二方向输送物料件配置成将物料输送至传动送机构。
可选的，颗粒成型机构包括：第一辊筒以及设置在第一辊筒上方的第二辊筒，第一辊筒与第二辊筒均与车身主体连接，第一辊筒与第二辊筒之间形成进料区域，传送机构配置成将物料输送至进料区域。
可选的，传送机构包括皮带以及带动皮带旋转的输送轮，输送轮与车身主体连接，皮带配置成承接从输送机构输送而来的物料并将物料运输至颗粒成型机构。
本实施例还提供了一种农业机械系统，包括上述提到的颗粒成型机。
本公开实施例的压实结构及捡拾机的有益效果包括，例如：
本公开提供了一种压实结构，其包括转轴以及沿转轴的轴向设置的多个压实刀具。压实刀具包括固定盘以及多个压刀，多个压刀独立设置且均可拆卸地连接在固定盘上，当其中一个压刀磨损或发生其他异常情况时，可单独对受损的压刀进行更换，节约使用成本。固定盘上开设有安装孔，转轴上设置有与安装孔相匹配的安装部，安装部的横截面外轮廓为多边形，安装孔的横截面轮廓为与安装部横截面外轮廓形状适配的多边形，从而通过将安装部穿设在安装孔内，即可实现当转轴转动时，带动压实刀具转动，进而对物料进行压实，同时压实刀具与转轴的拆装方便，便于对压实刀具进行更换，有助于节约使用成本。
本公开还提供了一种捡拾机，该捡拾机包括上述的压实结构。由于捡拾机包括上述的压实结构，因此也具有拆装方便，能够节约使用成本的有益效果。
本公开还提供了一种颗粒成型机，利用压料机构压实物料且将压实后的物料输送至弹料机构处，再通过弹料机构将物料运输到输送机构，输送机构配置成将物料聚拢调整并输送给传送机构，传送机构配置成将物料运送给颗粒成型机构，颗粒成型机构配置成对物料压实成型，物料的压实与成型一次成型，与现有的生物质能源成型机械设备占地面积大，不可移动，捡拾与成型分开进行，工作效率低相比较而言，本公开的颗粒成型机压料以及物料成型可以一次完成，节省了工作时间，且提高了工作效率。换句话说，本公开的颗粒成型机在一定程度上解决了现有技术中存在的捡拾与成型分开进行，工作效率低的技术问题。
本公开还提供了的一种农业机械系统，包括颗粒成型机，基于上述分析可知，该农业机械系统既能够压实物料，又能够对物料进行颗粒成型，节省了工作时间，且提高了工作效率。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本公开实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，应当理解，以下附图仅示出了本公开的某些实施例，因此不应被看作是对范围的限定，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他相关的附图。
图1为本公开实施例提供的压实结构的整体结构示意图；
图2为本公开实施例提供的压实结构中压实刀具的结构示意图；
图3为本公开实施例提供的压实结构中固定盘的结构示意图；
图4为本公开实施例提供的压实结构的剖面结构示意图；
图5本公开实施例提供的压实结构的局部结构剖面示意图；
图6为本公开实施例提供的颗粒成型机的侧视图；
图7为本公开实施例提供的颗粒成型机中压料机构的结构示意图；
图8为本公开实施例提供的颗粒成型机中压料机构、弹料机构以及输送机构的结构示意图；
图9为本公开实施例提供的颗粒成型机中的弹齿组件的结构示意图。
图标：
1000-压实结构；1100-压实刀具；1110-固定盘；11110-盘体；11120-连接齿；11130-安装孔；1120-压刀；11210-压实部；1130-锁紧件；1200-隔套；1210-第一通孔；1220-第二通孔；1300-转轴；1310-安装部；1320-传动部；1400-限位件；100-压料机构；101-压料件；102-支撑轮；103-摆动臂；104-旋转轴；105-横梁；106-挡料件；200-弹料机构；201-驱动轴；202-弹齿组件；203-刮料件；204-固定件；205-弹齿件；300-输送机构；301-第一方向输送物料件；302-第二方向输送物料件；400-传送机构；401-皮带；402-输送轮；500-颗粒成型机构；501-第一辊筒；502-第二辊筒；503-进料区域；600-车身主体。
具体实施方式
为使本公开实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本公开实施例中的附图，对本公开实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本公开一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。通常在此处附图中描述和示出的本公开实施例的组件可以以各种不同的配置来布置和设计。
因此，以下对在附图中提供的本公开的实施例的详细描述并非旨在限制要求保护的本公开的范围，而是仅仅表示本公开的选定实施例。基于本公开中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。
应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步定义和解释。
在本公开的描述中，需要说明的是，若出现术语“上”、“下”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，或者是该发明产品使用时惯常摆放的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本公开和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本公开的限制。
此外，若出现术语“第一”、“第二”等仅用于区分描述，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本公开的实施例中的特征可以相互结合。
图1为本公开提供的压实结构1000的整体结构示意图，图2为本公开提供的压实结构1000压实刀具1100的结构示意图。请结合参照图1和图2，本实施例提供了一种压实结构1000，其包括转轴1300以及沿转轴1300的轴向设置的多个压实刀具1100。每个压实刀具1100包括固定盘1110以及多个压刀1120，多个压刀1120均可拆卸地连接在固定盘1110上，多个压刀1120独立设置，当其中一个压刀1120磨损或发生其他异常情况时，可单独对受损的压刀1120进行更换，节约使用成本。固定盘1110与转轴1300连接，且固定盘1110与转轴1300在转轴1300的周向上相对固定，换句话说，转轴1300转动时能够带动固定盘1110一起转动，从而带动安装于固定盘1110上的多个 压刀1120一起转动。
可选的，固定盘1110上设置有安装孔11130，安装孔11130的横截面为非圆形。对应的，转轴1300上设置有与安装孔11130相匹配的安装部1310，安装部1310的数量与压实刀具1100的数量相等且一一对应。安装部1310的横截面为与安装孔11130相适配的非圆形。当固定盘1110利用其安装孔11130套设于安装部1310外后，二者在转轴1300的周向上相对固定，以实现同步转动。
需要说明的是，安装孔11130的横截面也即垂直于安装孔11130的轴线的截面；同理，安装部1310的横截面也即垂直于转轴1300的轴线的截面。
可选的，固定盘1110的中部位置开设有安装孔11130，转轴1300上设置有与安装孔11130相匹配的安装部1310，安装部1310的横截面与安装孔11130的横截面均设置为形状适配的多边形，将安装部1310穿设在安装孔11130内后，即可实现当转轴1300转动时，带动压实刀具1100一起转动，进而对物料进行压实；同时，压实刀具1100与转轴1300的拆装方便，便于对压实刀具1100进行更换，有助于节约使用成本。可选的，安装部1310的横截面与安装孔11130的横截面均设置为形状适配的正多边形，例如，正五边形或者正六边形等，结构规整，便于加工制造，也便于安装。
需要说明的是，安装部1310的横截面还可以是椭圆形，安装孔11130的横截面可以是与安装部1310的形状适配的椭圆形。
下面对本公开提供的压实结构1000进行详细说明：
图3为本公开提供的压实结构1000固定盘1110的结构示意图。请结合图2和图3，在本公开中，固定盘1110包括盘体11110以及连接在盘体11110的外缘上的多个连接齿11120，固定盘1110可以是中部开口的圆盘状，多个连接齿11120沿盘体11110的周向均匀间隔设置，且多个连接齿11120沿盘体11110的径向向外凸出盘体11110的外缘，多个压刀1120与多个连接齿11120的数量相等且一一对应，每个压刀1120可拆卸地连接在对应的连接齿11120上。
可选的，盘体11110为圆环片状，其中心位置处的开口即为穿设转轴1300的安装孔11130。多个连接齿11120固定连接在盘体11110的外缘，且每个连接齿11120沿盘体11110的径向向外延伸，形成便于与压刀1120连接的连接部位。可选的，盘体11110与多个连接齿11120一体成型。
可选的，压实刀具1100还包括锁紧件1130，锁紧件1130同时与连接齿11120和压刀1120配合，以使压刀1120与连接齿11120相对固定。可选的，锁紧件1130包括锁紧螺栓和锁紧螺母。连接齿11120上开设有第一连接孔，压刀1120上开设有第二连接孔，锁紧螺栓依次穿过成对的第一连接孔和第二连接孔后与锁紧螺母连接，从而将连接齿11120和压刀1120同时锁紧在锁紧螺栓的螺栓头与锁紧螺母之间，使连接齿11120与压刀1120相对固定。显然，每个压刀1120与一个连接齿11120可以通过一个锁紧件1130固定连接，还可以通过多个锁紧件1130固定连接，以提高压刀1120与连接齿11120的稳固性。 当需要更换压刀1120时，使锁紧螺栓相对固定，然后转动锁紧螺母，将锁紧螺母从锁紧螺栓上拆下即可。
需要说明的是，在本公开中，锁紧件1130包括锁紧螺栓和锁紧螺母，可以理解的，锁紧件1130的结构也可以根据需求选择锁紧件1130，可以实现压刀1120与连接齿11120的锁紧，同时满足二者可拆卸即可。例如，选用铆钉作为锁紧件1130压刀1120连接齿11120。
请参照图2，在本公开中，压刀1120具有配置成与物料接触的压实部11210，压实部11210设置为弧形杆或者弧形条，从而在压实结构1000转动，对物料进行压实的过程中，能够在保证对物料进行压实的基础上，避免物料被压刀1120刺穿。可选的，压刀1120为整体呈月牙状的弧形，压刀1120在其转动方向上相对的两侧分别为凸侧和凹侧，凸侧形成压刀1120的压实部11210，同时在压刀1120由内向外延伸的径向上，凹侧和凸侧之间的距离逐渐减小，压刀1120的结构更加合理，强度更高。换句话说，压刀1120与固定盘1110连接的部位的宽度大于压刀1120尖端的宽度，压刀1120与固定盘1110的连接位置处不易损坏。
需要说明的，本公开中并未对压刀1120的具体形状进行限制，可以理解的，可以根据用户的需求来设置压刀1120的形状，例如，将压刀1120设置为凹侧与凸侧平行的带状，或者设置为一侧呈弧面形另一侧呈平面的形状等。
可选的，同一压实刀具1100中的多个压刀1120旋向一致，从而使得压实刀具1100整体呈螺旋齿状，压实效果更好。
请参照图1，在公开中，压实结构1000还包括多个隔套1200，隔套1200套设在转轴1300上，且位于相邻的两个压实刀具1100之间，压实刀具1100的固定盘1110与对应的隔套1200抵持，换句话说，多个隔套1200和多个压实刀具1100在转轴1300的轴向上交替排布，且至少在转轴1300的轴线两端的隔套1200或者/和压实刀具1100与转轴固定，以防止多个隔套1200和多个压实刀具1100整体相对于转轴1300沿转轴1300的轴线滑动。通过设置隔套1200，使得多个压实刀具1100间隔设置，同时实现了对压实刀具1100的轴向定位，避免在使用过程中压实刀具1100沿转轴1300的轴向发生滑移。具体的，隔套1200为圆管状，其具有沿自身轴向延伸的第一通孔1210，转轴1300穿设在第一通孔1210内。
需要说明的是，在装配隔套1200与压实刀具1100时，隔套1200与转轴1300为滑动配合，可以先在转轴1300上定位一个隔套1200，然后依次在转轴1300上套入一个压实刀具1100以及另一个隔套1200，如此循环装配即可。压实刀具1100和隔套1200的装配便捷，也便于更换。
图4为本公开提供的压实结构1000的剖面结构示意图。请结合图1和图4，可选的，隔套1200为圆筒结构，隔套1200的两端面均为平面，分别与对应的固定盘1110贴合。可选的，隔套1200的径向尺寸小于或者等于固定盘1110的直径，换句话说，隔套1200的外周面沿固定盘1110的径向向外不凸出固定盘1110的外周面。在本公开的描述中，隔套1200的径向尺寸D1为隔 套1200的横截面外轮廓的直径，固定盘1110的直径D2为固定盘1110的盘体11110的横截面外轮廓的直径。由于隔套1200的径向尺寸D1小于或者等于固定盘1110的直径D2，因此，当隔套1200的端面抵紧在压实刀具1100上，且隔套1200与压实刀具1100的在转轴1300的轴向上的位置固定之后，相邻两个隔套1200之间的间隙被压实刀具1100固定盘1110充满，且隔套1200与对应的固定盘1110之间没有间隙，避免在工作过程中，物料进入相邻两个隔套1200之间的间隙以及隔套1200与固定盘1110之间的间隙，发生卡料的情况，压实结构1000的工作更加可靠。
图5为本公开提供的压实结构1000的局部结构剖面示意图。请结合图1和图5，在本公开中，压实结构1000还包括限位件1400，限位件1400同时与隔套1200和转轴1300配合，从而固定隔套1200与转轴1300，也即实现隔套1200与转轴1300沿转轴1300的轴向相对固定。可选的，限位件1400包括限位螺钉和限位螺母。隔套1200上开设有沿自身径向延伸的第二通孔1220，转轴1300上开设有沿自身径向延伸的第三通孔，限位螺钉穿过第二通孔1220以及对应的第三通孔转轴1300后与限位螺母螺接，从而使隔套1200与转轴1300相对固定。
可选的，限位件1400设置为铆钉。
可选的，每一个隔套1200上均开设有第二通孔1220，对应的，转轴1300上开设有与第二通孔1220数量相等的第三通孔，第二通孔与第三通孔一一配对，从而使每一个隔套1200在转轴1300上的位置均通过一个限位件1400进行固定。可选的，在转轴1300轴向上且靠近转轴1300的两端的部件均为隔套，压实刀具1100隔套1200即位于转轴1300轴向端部的两个压实刀具1100的轴向位置分别通过一个隔套1200实现固定。安装时，将多个隔套1200和多个压实刀具1100依次交替套设到转轴1300外，并依次对隔套1200进行固定，直至安装完成。
需要说明的，在本公开中，每一个隔套1200均与转轴1300固定连接，可以理解的是，可以根据需求，仅将部分隔套1200设置为与转轴1300固定连接，例如仅将位于转轴1300两个端部的隔套1200设置为与转轴1300固定连接，由于相邻隔套1200与压实刀具1100抵持，将两端的两个隔套1200固定后，即可实现位于两个端部隔套1200之间的其余隔套1200和多个压实刀具1100的轴向定位。
还需要说明的是，在本公开中，每一个压实刀具1100均夹设在相邻两个隔套1200之间，可以理解的，也可以根据需求设置定位件实现对压实刀具1100和隔套1200的轴向定位，例如，定位件设置为定位螺钉，在转轴1300的两端分别设置一个定位螺钉，两个定位螺钉之间形成安装多个隔套1200和多个压实刀具1100的安装空间；两个定位螺钉均与转轴1300螺接，通过拆装定位螺钉，实现隔套1200和压实刀具1100的固定与拆装。可选的，定位件还可以是螺接筒，螺接筒具有螺纹孔，螺接筒通过螺纹孔螺接在转轴1300外，从而实现位于两个螺纹筒之间的多个隔套130和多个压实刀具1100的定位。
请结合图1、图2和图4，在本公开中，转轴1300包括安装部1310以及设置在安装部1310两端的传动部1320，传动部1320可以与安装部1310一体成型，安装部1310的截面为多边形，安装孔11130的形状设置为与安装部1310的截面相对应的多边形，安装部1310插接在安装孔11130内，从而在转轴1300转动过程中，安装部1310能够带动套设在其上的压实刀具1100转动。传动部1320为圆形杆状，配置成与其他部件转动连接，例如，其他部件可以是电机。
可选的，相邻两个压实刀具1100中对应的两个压刀1120在转轴1300的轴向上错开。
可选的，同一压实刀具1100中的多个压刀1120沿固定盘1110的周向均匀间隔排布，每个安装孔11130的横截面轮廓形状为正多边形，同一压实刀具1100中的压刀1120的数量与安装孔11130的边数不同，且压刀1120的数量不是安装孔11130的边数的整数倍，换句话说，相邻压刀1120之间的夹角不是安装孔11130每边所对应的圆心角的整数倍。当任意两个压实刀具1100安装时，两个安装孔11130成不同角度与安装部1310配合，相邻两个压实刀具1100中对应的两个压刀1120在沿转轴1300的周向上具有夹角，在压实过程中，当某一压实刀具1100的压刀1120对物料进行压实后，相邻压实刀具1100中对应的压刀1120能够继续对物料进行压实，通过相邻压实刀具1100的共同作用，实现了对物料的连续压实，防止漏压，从而有效提高压实率，压实效果更好。换句话说，在转轴1300上套设相邻两个压实刀具1100时，后一个压实刀具1100可以相对于前一个压实刀具1100相对于转轴1300转动一定角度后再套设在转轴1300上，相邻的两个压实刀具1100上的对应的两个压刀1120在转轴1300的轴向上错开排列，从而实现对物料的连续压实，压实效果好。
可选的，在本公开中，每一个压实刀具1100包括六个压刀1120，六个压刀1120沿固定盘1110的周向均匀间隔排布，相邻压刀1120之间的夹角为60°；安装孔11130的横截面轮廓为正八边形，安装孔11130的横截面轮廓的每条边对应的圆心角为45°。通过改变安装孔11130与安装部1310的配合角度，即可实现任意两个压实刀具1100中对应的压刀1120错开设置。可选的，沿转轴1300的轴向，多个压实刀具1100中对应的压刀1120依次交错排布。
需要说明的是，本公开中并未对压刀1120的数量以及安装孔11130的横截面轮廓的边数进行限制，可以理解的是，可以根据用户的需求，具体设置压刀1120的数量以及安装孔11130的形状，例如将压刀1120的数量设置为五个，安装孔11130的横截面形状设置为三角形；或者将压刀1120的数量设置为三个，安装孔11130的横截面形状设置为五边形等，满足压刀1120的数量与安装孔11130的横截面轮廓的边数不同，且压刀1120的数量不是安装孔11130的横截面轮廓的边数的整数倍即可。
还需要说明的是，在本公开中，多个压实刀具1100的结构相同，通过改变安装孔11130与安装部1310的配合角度，从而使相邻两个压实刀具1100中对应的两个压刀1120沿转轴1300的轴向错开设置。可以理解的是，相邻两个压实刀具1100中对应的两个压刀1120沿转轴1300的轴向错开设置也可以 采用其他方式实现，例如，至少将相邻两个压实刀具1100中的压刀1120与安装孔11130的对应关系设置不同，此时无需对压刀1120数量与安装孔11130的横截面形状的边数关系进行限定，即可实现相邻两个压实刀具1100中对应的两个压刀1120沿转轴1300的轴向错开设置。例如，将压实刀具1100中压刀1120的数量和安装孔11130的横截面形状的边数均设置为五，相邻两个压实刀具1100中的一个压实刀具1100的压刀1120与安装孔11130的横截面轮廓的一条边对应，另外一个压实刀具1100中的安装孔11130的横截面轮廓的一个角对应设置在相邻两个压刀1120之间，如此，当两个压实刀具1100均套设到安装部1310上后，相邻两个压实刀具1100中对应的压刀1120在转轴1300的轴向上错开。
本公开提供的一种压实结构1000压实结构1000的工作原理是：
拆装时，先解除隔套1200与转轴1300之间的定位，使隔套1200能够相对于转轴1300沿转轴1300的轴向滑动，由于压实刀具1100通过隔套1200实现定位，当隔套1200可滑动时，即解除了对压实刀具1100的限位，可以将压实刀具1100从转轴1300上取下，压实刀具1100，拆装方便。同时，由于多个压刀1120独立设置且均与固定盘1110可拆卸地连接，当压实刀具1100中仅部分压刀1120出现损伤时，可仅对受损的压刀1120进行更换，更换方便，且有助于节约使用成本。
使用时，驱动转轴1300转动，从而带动压实刀具1100转动，从而使同一压实刀具1100上的多个压刀1120依次对物料进行压实，同时由于相邻两个压实刀具1100中对应的压刀1120沿转轴1300的轴向错开设置，从而在压实过程中，当一个压实刀具1100中的压刀1120对物料进行压实后，相邻压实刀具1100中对应的压刀1120继续对物料进行压实，从而通过相邻压实刀具1100的共同作用，实现物料的连续压实，压实率高且压实效果更好。
本公开提供的一种压实结构1000具有至少以下优点：
本公开提供的压实结构1000，由于压实刀具1100与转轴1300可拆卸地连接，从而可对单个整体的压实刀具1100进行更换，同时压实刀具1100中每个压刀1120独立设置且均与固定盘1110可拆卸地连接，从而可对受损的压刀1120进行更换，有助于降低使用成本，且拆装结构简单，操作方便快捷。压刀1120的压实部11210呈弧形设置，从而避免在压实过程中刺穿物料，压实后的物料质量更好。此外，相邻两个压实刀具1100中对应的压刀1120沿转轴1300的轴向错开设置，有效提高了压实率，压实效果好。
本公开还提供了一种捡拾机(图未示出)，其包括捡拾机本体以及上述的压实结构1000，压实结构1000的传动部1320可转动地连接在捡拾机本体上。由于该捡拾机包括上述的压实结构1000，因此也具有使用成本低和压实效果好的技术效果。
请结合图6-图9所示，本公开还提供了一种颗粒成型机，包括车身主体600以及设置在车身主体600上的压料机构100、输送机构300、传送机构400、弹料机构200以及颗粒成型机构500；需要说明的是，压料机构100可以采用 上述提到的压实结构100，换句话说，上述提到的压实结构100的结构可以替换本公开中提到的压料机构100的结构，为便于描述，本公开中采用与上述提到的压实结构100不同的名称进行说明。
以颗粒成型机前进方向为参照，压料机构100设置在弹料机构200的前方，弹料机构200的上方设置有输送机构300，输送机构300的下方设置有传送机构400，传送机构400的后方设置有颗粒成型机构500；
压料机构100配置成压实物料，且将压实后的物料输送至弹料机构200，弹料机构200配置成将压实后的物料运输到输送机构300，输送机构300配置成将物料聚拢调整并输送给传送机构400，传送机构400配置成将物料运送给颗粒成型机构500，颗粒成型机构500配置成对物料压实成型。
与现有技术相比，本公开的有益效果包括，例如：
车身主体600车身主体600
综上，本公开提供的颗粒成型机作业时，利用压料机构100压实物料且将压实后的物料输送至弹料机构200处，再通过弹料机构200将物料运输到输送机构300，输送机构300配置成将物料聚拢调整并输送给传送机构400，传送机构400配置成将物料运送给颗粒成型机构500，颗粒成型机构500配置成对物料压实成型，物料的压实与成型一次完成，与现有的生物质能源成型机械设备占地面积大，不可移动，捡拾与成型分开进行，工作效率低相比较而言，本公开的颗粒成型机压料以及物料成型可以一次完成，节省了工作时间，且提高了工作效率。换句话说，本公开的颗粒成型机在一定程度上解决了现有技术中存在的捡拾与成型分开进行，工作效率低的技术问题。
在本公开中，结合图7和图8，压料机构100包括压料件101、支撑轮102以及摆动臂103。
可选的，支撑轮102的数量设置有两个，两个支撑轮102之间通过旋转轴104连接，旋转轴104上设置有压料件101，压料件101配置成对物料压实；摆动臂103的数量设置有两个，两个摆动臂103分别位于旋转轴104的两端，且每个摆动臂103的一端与旋转轴104连接，每个摆动臂103的另一端固定在车身主体600上，摆动臂103能够带动支撑轮102在一定角度范围内往复摆动。可选的，两个摆动臂103位于旋转轴104轴向的最外侧，换句话说，支撑轮102和压料件101均位于两个摆动臂103之间。
可选的，压料件101为具有月牙形刀片组成的刀片盘，此处月牙形刀片不具有锋利结构，换句话说，刀片在其周向上具有相对的两侧面，两个侧面均为弧形面，刀片的侧面与物料接触以实现压紧和压实的目的，不会刺破物料。
可选的，压料件101的数量设置有多个，多个压料件101沿旋转轴104的轴线均匀间隔排布在旋转轴104上。
可选的，摆动臂103与旋转轴104之间通过轴承转动连接，例如，将轴承的内圈套设在旋转轴104外，旋转轴104相对于轴承的内圈固定，摆动臂103套设在轴承的外圈外，摆动臂103相对于轴承的外圈固定。当支撑轮102带动旋转轴104转动，进而带动压料件101旋转的过程中，摆动臂103不动，保持 稳定性。
可选的，当颗粒成型机停止工作时，颗粒成型机处于静止状态时，驱动摆动臂103向上转动一定角度将支撑轮102抬起，使支撑轮102离开地面，减少占用空间；而当颗粒成型机工作时，驱动摆动臂103向下转动一定角度以将支撑轮102放下并接触地面，为后续作业做好准备。
在本公开中，结合图7和图8，两个摆动臂103之间设置有横梁105，横梁105上设置有挡料件106，挡料件106配置成阻挡压实的物料因惯性弹出压料机构100。可选的，横梁105的长度沿旋转轴104的轴线延伸。
可选的，挡料件106采用挡板，挡板的数量设置有多个，多个挡板沿旋转轴104的轴线均匀间隔设置，挡板的一端固定在横梁105上，，另一端为自由端，自由端朝向压料机构100中的压料件101延伸；可选的，挡料件106与横梁105采用焊接的方式进行固定，焊接更加牢固，使用寿命长。
可选的，压料件101的数量设置有多个，多个压料件101沿横梁105的轴线均匀间隔设置，即相邻的两个压料件101之间留有空隙。挡板的数量设置有多个，多个挡板沿横梁105的轴线均匀间隔设置，多个挡板与多个压料件101沿旋转轴104的轴线交替排布，换句话说，相邻的两个压料件101之间具有一个挡板，挡板的自由端位于相邻两个压料件101之间的空隙处，既能够保证利用挡板实现对物料的阻挡作用，以免物料在利用压料机构100压实后，再利用弹料机构200进行弹起的过程中，物料因惯性而甩出压料机构100，又不影响压料件101对物料的压实工作。
在本公开中，结合图8和图9，弹料机构200包括驱动轴201以及设置在驱动轴201上的多个弹齿组件202，多个弹齿组件202沿驱动轴201的轴线均匀间隔排布，弹齿组件202能够将被压料机构100压实后输送来的物料弹起并运输至输送机构300。
可选的，车身主体600内部设置有电机和变速箱(图未示)，电机与变速箱传动连接，变速箱与驱动轴201传动连接，配置成驱使驱动轴201转动，并带动弹齿组件202转动。可选的，弹齿组件202包括固定件204以及设置在固定件204上的多个弹齿件205，固定件204为中部设有开口的盘状，多个弹齿件205沿固定件的周向均匀间隔排布，在安装时，将固定件204套设在驱动轴201外，且固定件204与驱动轴201在驱动轴201的周向上相对固定。可选的，在固定件204与驱动轴201的连接处还设置有加强件，起到固定连接的作用，且能够延长弹料机构200的使用寿命。可选的，加强件可以是同时贯穿固定件204和驱动轴201的铆钉或者螺栓。
在本公开中，结合图8，在颗粒成型机的前进方向上，输送机构300包括位于前方的第一方向输送物料件301以及设置在第一方向输送物料件301后方的第二方向输送物料件302；第一方向输送物料件301配置成将在车身主体600宽度方向上的两侧物料向中间聚拢；第二方向输送物料件302配置成将聚拢后的物料输送给传送机构400。
可选的，因为传送机构400的长度以及宽度具有一定尺寸，所以物料在未 输送至传送机构400上时，利用第一方向输送机构300对物料在车身主体600宽度方向上的分布范围进行调节整理，使物料分布的范围满足传送机构400的使用宽度，进而不影响颗粒成型机的正常工作。
可选的，第一方向输送物料件301的数量设置有两个，且两个第一方向输送物料件301的一端分别固定在车身主体600上，两个第一方向输送物料件301的另一端相对间隔设置，也即两个第一方向输送物料件301之间具有空间，此空间配置成容纳通过第一方向输送物料件301从车身主体600两侧向中间输送的物料车身主体600。可选的，第一方向输送物料件301采用螺旋轴结构，两个具有螺旋轴结构的第一方向输送物料件301对称设置，在旋转的过程中，两个第一方向输送物料件301均将位于车身主体600宽度方向上两侧的物料朝向中间输送，以实现物料聚拢在第二方向输送物料件302的进料侧，从而实现对物料的整理，且便于将整理好的物料通过第二方向输送物料件302输送至传输机构400。
可选的，第二方向输送物料件302能够将整理好的物料输送至传送机构400，第二方向输送物料件302可以为带有锯齿结构的拨料轮，利用带有锯齿结构的拨料轮从而将物料拨到传送机构400上，可选的，车身主体600内部设置有驱动器，驱动器分别与第一方向输送物料件301以及第二方向输送物料件302连接，利用驱动器驱动第一方向输送物料件301以及第二方向输送物料件302。应当理解，驱动器的数量可以是三个，分别与两个第一方向输送物料件301和一个第二方向输送物料件302连接。
在本公开中，结合图6，颗粒成型机构500包括第一辊筒501以及设置在第一辊筒501上方的第二辊筒502，第一辊筒501与第二辊筒502滚动接触，且在第一辊筒501或者第二辊筒502转动方向的两侧分别形成进料区域503和出料区域，传送机构400设置于第一辊筒501的下方，经由传送机构400输送而来的物料从进料区域503进入并经过第一辊筒501和第二辊筒502后从出料区域输出。
可选的，在实际作业过程中，第一辊筒501与第二辊筒502的转动方向相反，即当第一辊筒501为顺时针方向旋转时，第二辊筒502逆时针旋转，或者当第二辊筒502为顺时针方向旋转时，第一辊筒501为逆时针旋转。在第一辊筒501与第二辊筒502之间形成进料区域503，经过传送机构400输送而来的物料通过进料区域503，再利用第一辊筒501与第二辊筒502之间的摩擦力以及压力实现对物料的颗粒成型，成型后的物料在进入出料区域，再通过其他运输装置运输到物料箱内，至此最终实现对物料的压实、成型以及包装。
在本公开中，结合图6，传送机构400包括皮带401以及带动皮带401旋转的输送轮402，皮带401能够将物料运输至颗粒成型机构500的进料区域503。
可选的，传送机构400的皮带401与第一辊筒501接触并形成包角结构，物料在皮带401上传输时，进入皮带401与第一辊筒501的外周面接触的位置时，在皮带401和第一辊筒501的共同挤压下被平整处理，然后输送至进料区 域503内待压缩。
在本公开中，结合图8，弹料机构200还包括刮料件203，刮料件203设置在多个弹齿组件202之间。
可选的，在颗粒成型装置正常工作的过程中，压料机构100将物料压实并将压实后的物料拨动至弹料机构200处，弹料机构200高速运转，将大部分的物料输送至输送机构300处，但部分物料仍会从弹料机构200中甩带出来，此时刮料件203能够阻挡被甩带出来的物料，且使物料落回到弹料机构200上，并随同其他物料一起被输送至输送机构300处，从而提高工作效率，也避免物料的浪费。
可选的，刮料件203的数量为多个，多个刮料件203沿驱动轴201的轴线均与间隔排布，且相邻两个弹齿件205之间设有一个刮料件203，换句话说，多个刮料件203和多个弹齿件205沿驱动轴201的轴线交替排列。刮料件203阻挡相邻弹齿件205之间的间隙，能够最大程度的阻挡在弹齿件205作业过程中被甩带出来的物料，且不会影响弹齿件205的运转。
在本公开中，结合图6，颗粒成型机还包括物料箱，物料箱设置在车身主体600的后方，配置成储存成型后的物料。
可选的，物料箱的尺寸按需设置，例如，将物料箱的尺寸设计足够大，以满足大批量成型的物料。可以在物料箱上靠近其底部的位置设置出料口，在出料口处设置有阀门，当成型物料收集完时，通过打开阀门，使物料从出料口落下，然后对物料进行打包收藏，更加方便简单。
本公开提供的颗粒成型机的工作原理如下：
本公开提供的颗粒成型机在工作前，先将压料件101安装在旋转轴104上，利用摆动臂103将支撑轮102放下并使支撑轮102与地面接触，然后将压料件101移动至物料的上方，压料件101在旋转轴104的驱动下转动，并将分散且蓬松的茎类物料向下压平，压料件101包括主要由月牙形刀片组成的刀片盘，可以将茎类物料轻松压平，同时，月牙形刀片可以将茎类物料相互穿插，形成整体，方便弹料机构200弹料。
压料机构100将物料压实并输送至弹料机构200处，弹料机构200开始工作，弹料机构200中的驱动轴201高速运转，运转速度大于颗粒成型机的行进速度，在高速运转下弹料机构200将预压的茎秆物料传递给输送机构300。在弹齿组件202之间设置有刮料件203，在物料被输送到输送机构300的过程中，由于弹料机构200高速运转，大部分的物料能够在弹料机构200的作用下输送至输送机构300处，但部分草料仍会从弹料机构200中甩带出来，此时刮料件203能够将被甩带出来的草料阻挡在弹料机构200内，并随同其他物料一起被输送至输送机构300。
压料机构100、挡料件106和弹料机构200都是均匀分布的，同时为避免各个机构存在干涉，将压料机构100和弹料机构200间隔设计，在运转过程中，两个机构互不影响，工作安全可靠。当茎秆物料被弹料机构200弹起并输送到输送机构300时，在车身主体600宽度方向上的两侧所集聚的物料通过第一方 向输送物料件301调整到中间部位，在通过第二方向输送物料件302传递到传送机构400中。
输送机构300包括两个第一方向输送物料件301，两个第一方向输送物料件301对称设置，且两个第一方向输送物料件301均采用螺旋轴结构，两个第一方向输送物料件301的旋转方向相反，旋转速度可以设置相同，两个第一方向输送物料件301均能够将位于车身主体600宽度方向上的外侧的物料往车身主体600中间的位置整理。第二方向输送物料件302包括带有锯齿结构的拨料轮，可以有效的将物料运输至传送机构400。
物料在传送机构400的运输作用下，进入到颗粒成型机构500，首先物料被传送机构400传送到传送机构400的皮带401与第一辊筒501的包角区域内进行挤压整平，随后被送至进料区域503，当物料在进料区域503被第一辊筒501和第二辊筒502挤压时，由于皮带401贴着第一辊筒501，皮带401与第一辊筒501之间没有间隙，使得进料区域503内的物料不会从皮带401上掉落，因此，传送机构400与第一辊筒501配合后具有阻挡物料掉落的功能。
传送机构400的皮带401在被张紧后紧贴在第一辊筒501上，传送机构400不需要设置单独的驱动装置，依靠第一辊筒501与传送机构400之间的摩擦力提供动力，形成两者同步传送，很好的保证了物料进给量的均匀性，避免了在进料区域503内造成物料的积压。
本公开还提供了一种农业机械系统，包括上述提到的颗粒成型机，基于上述分析可知，该农业机械系统既能够对物料实现压实又能够对物料进行颗粒成型，节省了工作时间，且提高了工作效率。
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的范围。此外，本领域的技术人员能够理解，尽管在此的一些实施例包括其它实施例中所包括的某些特征而不是其它特征，但是不同实施例的特征的组合意味着处于本申请的范围之内并且形成不同的实施例。
工业实用性：
综上所述，本公开提供了一种压实结构、捡拾机、颗粒成型机及农业机械系统，具有成本低、压实效果好以及颗粒成型效率高的优点。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种压实结构，其特征在于，包括转轴(1300)以及沿所述转轴(1300)的轴向设置的多个压实刀具(1100)；所述压实刀具(1100)包括固定盘(1110)以及可拆卸地连接于所述固定盘(1110)的多个压刀(1120)；所述固定盘(1110)上设置有安装孔(11130)，所述转轴(1300)上设置有与所述安装孔(11130)相匹配的安装部(1310)，所述安装部(1310)穿设在所述安装孔(11130)内；所述安装部(1310)与所述安装孔(11130)均为形状适配的多边形，使得所述转轴(1300)转动时能够带动所述压实刀具(1100)转动。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的压实结构，其特征在于，相邻的两个所述压实刀具(1100)中对应的两个所述压刀(1120)在沿所述转轴(1300)的轴向上错开设置。
  3. 根据权利要求1或者2所述的压实结构，其特征在于，同一所述压实刀具(1100)中的所述压刀(1120)的数量与对应的所述安装孔(11130)的横截面轮廓的边数不同，且所述压刀(1120)的数量不是所述安装孔(11130)的横截面轮廓的边数的整数倍。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的压实结构，其特征在于，所述固定盘(1110)包括盘体(11110)以及连接在盘体(11110)外缘上的多个连接齿(11120)，多个所述连接齿(11120)沿所述盘体(11110)的周向间隔设置；所述压刀(1120)与所述连接齿(11120)可拆卸地连接。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的压实结构，其特征在于，所述压实刀具(1100)还包括锁紧件(1130)，所述锁紧件(1130)同时与所述连接齿(11120)和所述压刀(1120)配合，以使所述压刀(1120)与所述连接齿(11120)相对固定。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的压实结构，其特征在于，所述压实结构(1000)还包括套设在所述转轴(1300)上的隔套(1200)；相邻的两个所述压实刀具(1100)之间设有至少一个所述隔套(1200)。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的压实结构，其特征在于，所述隔套(1200)的径向尺寸小于或者等于所述固定盘(1110)的直径。
  8. 根据权利要求6或者7所述的压实结构，其特征在于，所述压实结构(1000)还包括限位件(1400)，所述限位件(1400)同时与所述隔套(1200)和所述转轴(1300)配合，以限制所述隔套(1200)相对于所述转轴(1300)沿所述转轴(1300)的轴线滑动。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8中任一项所述的压实结构，其特征在于，所述压刀(1120)具有配置成与物料接触的压实部(11210)，所述压实部(11210)为弧形面。
  10. 一种压实结构，其特征在于，包括转轴(1300)以及沿所述转轴(1300)的轴线设置的多个压实刀具(1100)；所述压实刀具(1100)包括固定盘(1110)以及可拆卸地连接于所述固定盘(1110)上的多个压刀(1120)；所述固定盘(1110)与所述转轴(1300)连接且二者在所述转轴(1300)的周向上相对固 定，以使所述转轴(1300)带动所述固定盘(1110)转动。
  11. 一种捡拾机，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1-10中任一项所述的压实结构(1000)。
  12. 一种颗粒成型机，其特征在于，包括权利要求1-10中任一项所述的压实结构(1000)。
  13. 一种颗粒成型机，其特征在于，包括车身主体(600)以及设置在所述车身主体(600)上的压料机构(100)、输送机构(300)、传送机构(400)、弹料机构(200)以及颗粒成型机构(500)；
    所述压料机构(100)设置在所述弹料机构(200)的前方，所述弹料机构(200)的上方设置有所述输送机构(300)，所述输送机构(300)的下方设置有所述传送机构(400)，所述传送机构(400)的后方设置有所述颗粒成型机构(500)；
    所述压料机构(100)能够对物料压实，且通过所述弹料机构(200)将物料运输到所述输送机构(300)，所述输送机构(300)配置成将物料聚拢调整并输送给所述传送机构(400)，所述传送机构(400)配置成将物料运送给所述颗粒成型机构(500)，所述颗粒成型机构(500)配置成对物料压实成型。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的颗粒成型机，其特征在于，所述压料机构(100)包括压料件(101)、旋转轴(104)、支撑轮(102)以及摆动臂(103)；所述压料件(101)与所述旋转轴(104)连接且二者在所述旋转轴(104)的周向上相对固定，所述支撑轮(102)与所述旋转轴(104)连接且二者在所述旋转轴(104)的周向上相对固定；所述摆动臂(103)的一端与所述车身主体(600)连接，其另一端与所述旋转轴(104)连接，所述摆动臂(103)配置成驱动所述旋转轴(104)在竖直面内往复摆动，以使所述支撑轮(102)离开地面或者与地面接触。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的的颗粒成型机，其特征在于，所述压料机构(100)还包括横梁(105)以及挡料件(106)，所述横梁(105)与所述摆动臂(103)连接，所述挡料件(106)与所述横梁(105)连接，所述挡料件(106)配置成阻挡压实的物料弹出所述压料机构(100)。
  16. 根据权利要求12-15中任一项所述的颗粒成型机，其特征在于，所述弹料机构(200)包括驱动轴(201)以及设置在所述驱动轴(201)上的多个弹齿组件(202)，多个所述弹齿组件(202)沿所述驱动轴(201)的轴线间隔排布，所述弹齿组件(202)配置成将物料弹起并运输至所述输送机构(300)。
  17. 根据权利要求12-16中任一项所述的颗粒成型机，其特征在于，在所述车身主体(600)的前进方向上，所述输送机构(300)包括位于前方的第一方向输送物料件(301)以及设置在所述第一方向输送物料件(301)后方的第二方向输送物料件(302)；所述第一方向输送物料件(301)配置成将在所述车身主体(600)的宽度方向上且远离车身主体(600)中部的物料向所述车身主体(600)的中部聚拢；所述第二方向输送物料件(302)配置成将物料输送至所述传送机构(400)。
  18. 根据权利要求12-17中任一项所述的颗粒成型机，其特征在于，所述颗粒成型机构(500)包括第一辊筒(501)以及设置在所述第一辊筒(501)上方的第二辊筒(502)，所述第一辊筒(501)与所述第二辊筒(502)均与所述车身主体(600)连接，所述第一辊筒(501)与所述第二辊筒(502)之间形成进料区域(503)，所述传送机构(400)配置成将物料输送至所述进料区域(503)。
  19. 根据权利要求12-18中任一项所述的颗粒成型机，其特征在于，所述传送机构(400)包括皮带(401)以及带动所述皮带(401)旋转的输送轮(402)，所述输送轮(402)与所述车身主体(600)连接，所述皮带(401)配置成承接从所述输送机构(300)输送而来的物料并将物料运输至所述颗粒成型机构(500)。
  20. 一种农业机械系统，其特征在于：包括：如上述权利要求13-19中任一项所述颗粒成型机。
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