WO2020207195A1 - 一种时延补偿及其控制方法及装置 - Google Patents

一种时延补偿及其控制方法及装置 Download PDF

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WO2020207195A1
WO2020207195A1 PCT/CN2020/079367 CN2020079367W WO2020207195A1 WO 2020207195 A1 WO2020207195 A1 WO 2020207195A1 CN 2020079367 W CN2020079367 W CN 2020079367W WO 2020207195 A1 WO2020207195 A1 WO 2020207195A1
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Prior art keywords
ref
delay
link
feeder link
total
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PCT/CN2020/079367
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
任斌
缪德山
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电信科学技术研究院有限公司
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Priority claimed from CN201910360856.2A external-priority patent/CN111800852B/zh
Application filed by 电信科学技术研究院有限公司 filed Critical 电信科学技术研究院有限公司
Priority to KR1020217036459A priority Critical patent/KR102547167B1/ko
Priority to US17/601,715 priority patent/US12021603B2/en
Priority to EP20788261.4A priority patent/EP3955476A4/en
Publication of WO2020207195A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020207195A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/14—Relay systems
    • H04B7/15—Active relay systems
    • H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
    • H04B7/1853—Satellite systems for providing telephony service to a mobile station, i.e. mobile satellite service
    • H04B7/18545—Arrangements for managing station mobility, i.e. for station registration or localisation
    • H04B7/18547—Arrangements for managing station mobility, i.e. for station registration or localisation for geolocalisation of a station
    • H04B7/1855—Arrangements for managing station mobility, i.e. for station registration or localisation for geolocalisation of a station using a telephonic control signal, e.g. propagation delay variation, Doppler frequency variation, power variation, beam identification
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/14—Relay systems
    • H04B7/15—Active relay systems
    • H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
    • H04B7/1851—Systems using a satellite or space-based relay
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/14—Relay systems
    • H04B7/15—Active relay systems
    • H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
    • H04B7/1851—Systems using a satellite or space-based relay
    • H04B7/18519—Operations control, administration or maintenance
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/14—Relay systems
    • H04B7/15—Active relay systems
    • H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
    • H04B7/1851—Systems using a satellite or space-based relay
    • H04B7/18513—Transmission in a satellite or space-based system
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/14—Relay systems
    • H04B7/15—Active relay systems
    • H04B7/204—Multiple access
    • H04B7/212—Time-division multiple access [TDMA]
    • H04B7/2125—Synchronisation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W56/00—Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04W56/0005—Synchronisation arrangements synchronizing of arrival of multiple uplinks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W56/00—Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04W56/004—Synchronisation arrangements compensating for timing error of reception due to propagation delay
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W56/00—Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04W56/004—Synchronisation arrangements compensating for timing error of reception due to propagation delay
    • H04W56/0045—Synchronisation arrangements compensating for timing error of reception due to propagation delay compensating for timing error by altering transmission time
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
    • H04W84/04—Large scale networks; Deep hierarchical networks
    • H04W84/06—Airborne or Satellite Networks

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a method and device for delay compensation and its control.
  • Satellite communication systems Non-terrestrial networks, NTN have a cell radius much larger than that of conventional cellular communication systems, and have introduced extremely large propagation delays, thereby affecting the uplink timing mechanism in the random access process and subsequent data transmission processes.
  • the service link refers to the link connection between the mobile terminal and the satellite
  • the feeder link refers to the link connection between the satellite and the gateway (or gateway).
  • the first part is the absolute delay T1 of the user link
  • the second part is the absolute delay T2 of the feeder link.
  • the sum of the two delays (T1+T2) in Fig. 1 depends on the vertical height of the satellite and the horizontal distance between the satellite and the user equipment (UE) and the gateway, and the typical value is more than 20 ms.
  • PRACH Physical Random Access Channel
  • PUSCH Physical Uplink Shared Channel
  • PUSCH Physical Uplink Control Channel
  • NR New Radio
  • the PRACH Random Access Sequence (Preamble) format defined by the 5G NR protocol consists of a Cyclic Prefix (CP) and one or more Preamble sequences. Each Preamble sequence occupies one PRACH Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (Orthogonal Frequency Division). Multiplexing, OFDM) symbols.
  • the Guard Time (Guard Time, GT) is not explicitly defined in the protocol. Instead, the time slot where the PRACH Preamble is located is aligned with other time slots, and is implicitly included in the PRACH Preamble format.
  • Table 1 and Table 2 respectively show the PRACH CP length corresponding to the long PRACH sequence and the short PRACH sequence supported by 5G NR. It can be seen from Table 1 and Table 2 that the maximum PRACH CP length is 0.684 ms.
  • the absolute time delay compensation method is usually adopted, which is not practical in satellite communication systems. Due to the large values of T1 and T2 in the NTN system, if the absolute delay compensation T1 and T2 is adopted, the CP and GT overhead will be too large, and the UE hardware implementation will be complicated.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a delay compensation and its control method and device, which are used to perform delay compensation based on the relative delay of the user link and the relative delay of the feeder link, and provide an uplink of the NTN system.
  • the timing mechanism ensures the reliability of the synchronization establishment process of the NTN system and the timing accuracy of the subsequent data transmission process.
  • a delay compensation method provided in an embodiment of the present application includes:
  • Delay compensation is performed based on the relative delay of the user link and the relative delay of the feeder link.
  • the embodiment of this application performs delay compensation based on the relative delay of the user link and the relative delay of the feeder link, provides an uplink timing mechanism of the NTN system, and ensures the reliability and follow-up of the synchronization establishment process of the NTN system The timing accuracy of the data transmission process.
  • the method further includes:
  • the relative delay of the user link and the relative delay of the feeder link are reported to the network.
  • the relative delay of the user link is determined according to the reference distance or the reference delay of the user link.
  • T3 represents the relative delay of the user link
  • c represents the speed of light
  • d3 represents the absolute distance of the user link
  • t3 d3/c
  • t3 represents the absolute delay of the user link
  • d3_ref represents the reference distance of the user link
  • t3_ref d3_ref/c
  • t3_ref represents the reference time delay of the user link.
  • one of the following four methods is used to obtain the reference distance d3_ref or the reference delay t3_ref of the user link:
  • Method 1 The protocol predefines the reference distance d3_ref or the reference delay t3_ref of the user link as a fixed value;
  • Method 2 Obtain the reference distance d3_ref or the reference delay t3_ref of the user link through broadcast signaling or other downlink signaling issued by the network side;
  • Method 3 The protocol predefines the reference distance d3_ref or the reference delay t3_ref of the user link as a value associated with latitude;
  • Method 4 Obtain the reference distance d3_ref or the reference time delay t3_ref of the user link according to the ephemeris information, where the ephemeris information includes information for the terminal to determine the precise position of the satellite.
  • the reference distance d3_ref is the shortest distance from the satellite to the ground cell or the reference distance d3_ref is the shortest distance from the satellite to the ground cell minus a height-related distance offset value
  • the reference delay t3_ref is the shortest time delay for the satellite to reach the ground cell
  • the reference delay t3_ref is the shortest time delay for the satellite to reach the ground cell minus a height-related delay offset value.
  • the fourth method when using the fourth method, obtain the shortest distance from the satellite to the ground cell where the terminal is located according to the ephemeris information, and use the shortest distance as the reference distance d3_ref, or obtain the satellite from the ephemeris information to the ground cell where the terminal is located
  • the shortest time delay is used as the reference time delay t3_ref.
  • the relative delay of the feeder link is determined according to the reference distance or the reference delay of the feeder link.
  • T4 represents the relative delay of the feeder link
  • c represents the speed of light
  • d4 represents the absolute distance of the feeder link
  • t4 d4/c
  • t4 represents the absolute delay of the feeder link
  • d4_ref represents the feeder link
  • T4_ref d4_ref/c
  • t4_ref represents the reference time delay of the feeder link.
  • Method 1 Obtain the actual position of the gateway station through broadcast signaling or other downlink signaling issued by the network, and determine the reference distance d4_ref of the feeder link or the reference delay t4_ref of the feeder link according to the actual position of the gateway station ;
  • Method 2 Obtain the reference distance d4_ref of the feeder link or the reference delay t4_ref of the feeder link through broadcast signaling or other downlink signaling issued by the network;
  • Method 3 The protocol predefines the reference distance d4_ref of the feeder link or the reference delay t4_ref of the feeder link as a value associated with latitude.
  • the absolute distance or the minimum value of the absolute delay of the feeder links of multiple satellites associated with a gateway is used as the feeder link reference distance d4_ref or the feeder link reference time Extend t4_ref; or,
  • the reference distance d4_ref of the feeder link or the reference time delay t4_ref of the feeder link is determined.
  • the delay compensation based on the relative delay of the user link and the relative delay of the feeder link specifically includes:
  • T_total T3+T4+T_offset
  • T3 represents the relative delay of the user link
  • T4 represents the relative delay of the feeder link
  • T_offset represents the preset offset
  • the delay compensation of the signal at the transmitting end is performed.
  • the delay compensation based on the relative delay of the user link and the relative delay of the feeder link specifically includes:
  • the delay compensation of the signal at the transmitting end is performed.
  • a delay compensation control method provided in an embodiment of the present application includes:
  • the control parameter is notified to the terminal.
  • control parameter includes a parameter for instructing the terminal to determine the relative delay of the user link: the reference distance d3_ref of the user link or the reference delay t3_ref;
  • the control parameter also includes a parameter for instructing the terminal to determine the relative delay of the feeder link: the reference distance d4_ref of the feeder link or the reference delay t4_ref.
  • notifying the terminal of a parameter for instructing the terminal to determine the relative delay of the user link specifically includes: sending broadcast signaling or other downlink signaling so that the terminal obtains the reference distance d3_ref or reference time of the user link Extend t3_ref.
  • notifying the terminal of the parameter used to instruct the terminal to determine the relative delay of the feeder link specifically includes:
  • the terminal obtains the reference distance d4_ref of the feeder link or the reference delay t4_ref of the feeder link.
  • the The method further includes notifying the effective time starting point of the reference distance or reference delay.
  • control parameter further includes a preset offset T_offset, so that the terminal determines the total relative delay based on the relative delay of the user link, the relative delay of the feeder link, and the offset T_offset.
  • Delay compensation value T_total and based on T_total to perform delay compensation of the signal at the transmitting end.
  • control parameter includes T_ref_total, so that the terminal determines the total relative delay compensation value T_total based on the T_ref_total, the absolute delay of the user link, and the absolute delay of the feeder link , And based on T_total to compensate the time delay of the transmitting end signal;
  • T_ref_total t3_ref+t4_ref-T_offset
  • t3_ref represents the reference delay of the user link
  • t4_ref represents the reference delay of the feeder link
  • T_offset represents the preset offset
  • T_total t3+t4-T_ref_total.
  • the method further includes:
  • a time delay compensation device provided in an embodiment of the present application includes:
  • Memory used to store program instructions
  • the processor is used to call the program instructions stored in the memory and execute according to the obtained program:
  • Delay compensation is performed based on the relative delay of the user link and the relative delay of the feeder link.
  • the processor is further configured to:
  • the relative delay of the user link and the relative delay of the feeder link are reported to the network.
  • the relative delay of the user link is determined according to the reference distance or the reference delay of the user link.
  • T3 represents the relative delay of the user link
  • c represents the speed of light
  • d3 represents the absolute distance of the user link
  • t3 d3/c
  • t3 represents the absolute delay of the user link
  • d3_ref represents the reference distance of the user link
  • t3_ref d3_ref/c
  • t3_ref represents the reference time delay of the user link.
  • Method 1 The protocol predefines the reference distance d3_ref or the reference delay t3_ref of the user link as a fixed value;
  • Method 2 Obtain the reference distance d3_ref or the reference delay t3_ref of the user link through broadcast signaling or other downlink signaling issued by the network side;
  • Method 3 The protocol predefines the reference distance d3_ref or the reference delay t3_ref of the user link as a value associated with latitude;
  • Method 4 Obtain the reference distance d3_ref or the reference time delay t3_ref of the user link according to the ephemeris information, where the ephemeris information includes information for the terminal to determine the precise position of the satellite.
  • the reference distance d3_ref is the shortest distance from the satellite to the ground cell or the reference distance d3_ref is the shortest distance from the satellite to the ground cell minus a height-related distance offset value
  • the reference delay t3_ref is the shortest time delay for the satellite to reach the ground cell
  • the reference delay t3_ref is the shortest time delay for the satellite to reach the ground cell minus a height-related delay offset value.
  • the fourth method when using the fourth method, obtain the shortest distance from the satellite to the ground cell where the terminal is located according to the ephemeris information, and use the shortest distance as the reference distance d3_ref, or obtain the satellite from the ephemeris information to the ground cell where the terminal is located
  • the shortest time delay is used as the reference time delay t3_ref.
  • the relative delay of the feeder link is determined according to the reference distance or the reference delay of the feeder link.
  • T4 represents the relative delay of the feeder link
  • c represents the speed of light
  • d4 represents the absolute distance of the feeder link
  • t4 d4/c
  • t4 represents the absolute delay of the feeder link
  • d4_ref represents the feeder link
  • T4_ref d4_ref/c
  • t4_ref represents the reference time delay of the feeder link.
  • Method 1 Obtain the actual position of the gateway station through broadcast signaling or other downlink signaling issued by the network, and determine the reference distance d4_ref of the feeder link or the reference delay t4_ref of the feeder link according to the actual position of the gateway station ;
  • Method 2 Obtain the reference distance d4_ref of the feeder link or the reference delay t4_ref of the feeder link through broadcast signaling or other downlink signaling issued by the network;
  • Method 3 The protocol predefines the reference distance d4_ref of the feeder link or the reference delay t4_ref of the feeder link as a value associated with latitude.
  • the absolute distance or the minimum value of the absolute delay of the feeder links of multiple satellites associated with a gateway is used as the feeder link reference distance d4_ref or the feeder link reference time Extend t4_ref; or,
  • the reference distance d4_ref of the feeder link or the reference time delay t4_ref of the feeder link is determined.
  • the processor is specifically configured to:
  • T_total T3+T4+T_offset
  • T3 represents the relative delay of the user link
  • T4 represents the relative delay of the feeder link
  • T_offset represents the preset offset
  • the delay compensation of the signal at the transmitting end is performed.
  • the processor is specifically configured to:
  • the delay compensation of the signal at the transmitting end is performed.
  • a time delay compensation control device provided by an embodiment of the present application includes:
  • Memory used to store program instructions
  • the processor is used to call the program instructions stored in the memory and execute according to the obtained program:
  • the control parameter is notified to the terminal.
  • control parameter includes a parameter for instructing the terminal to determine the relative delay of the user link: the reference distance d3_ref of the user link or the reference delay t3_ref;
  • the control parameter also includes a parameter for instructing the terminal to determine the relative delay of the feeder link: the reference distance d4_ref of the feeder link or the reference delay t4_ref.
  • notifying the terminal of a parameter for instructing the terminal to determine the relative delay of the user link specifically includes: sending broadcast signaling or other downlink signaling so that the terminal obtains the reference distance d3_ref or reference time of the user link Extend t3_ref.
  • the processor is specifically configured to:
  • the terminal obtains the reference distance d4_ref of the feeder link or the reference delay t4_ref of the feeder link.
  • the processor uses broadcast signaling to notify the reference distance d3_ref of the user link or the reference delay t3_ref, or uses broadcast signaling to notify the reference distance d4_ref of the feeder link or the reference delay of the feeder link At t4_ref, the processor is also used to notify the effective time starting point of the reference distance or reference delay.
  • control parameter further includes a preset offset T_offset, so that the terminal determines the total relative delay based on the relative delay of the user link, the relative delay of the feeder link, and the offset T_offset.
  • Delay compensation value T_total and based on T_total to perform delay compensation of the signal at the transmitting end.
  • control parameter includes T_ref_total, so that the terminal determines the total relative delay compensation value T_total based on the T_ref_total, the absolute delay of the user link, and the absolute delay of the feeder link , And based on T_total to compensate the time delay of the transmitting end signal;
  • T_ref_total t3_ref+t4_ref-T_offset
  • t3_ref represents the reference delay of the user link
  • t4_ref represents the reference delay of the feeder link
  • T_offset represents the preset offset
  • T_total t3+t4-T_ref_total.
  • the processor is further configured to:
  • another delay compensation device provided in an embodiment of the present application includes:
  • the determining unit is used to determine the need for delay compensation for the user link and the feeder link in the satellite communication system NTN;
  • the compensation unit is configured to perform delay compensation based on the relative delay of the user link and the relative delay of the feeder link.
  • the determining unit is further configured to:
  • the relative delay of the user link and the relative delay of the feeder link are reported to the network.
  • the relative delay of the user link is determined according to the reference distance or the reference delay of the user link.
  • T3 represents the relative delay of the user link
  • c represents the speed of light
  • d3 represents the absolute distance of the user link
  • t3 d3/c
  • t3 represents the absolute delay of the user link
  • d3_ref represents the reference distance of the user link
  • t3_ref d3_ref/c
  • t3_ref represents the reference time delay of the user link.
  • one of the following four methods is used to obtain the reference distance d3_ref or the reference delay t3_ref of the user link:
  • Method 1 The protocol predefines the reference distance d3_ref or the reference delay t3_ref of the user link as a fixed value;
  • Method 2 Obtain the reference distance d3_ref or the reference delay t3_ref of the user link through broadcast signaling or other downlink signaling issued by the network side;
  • Method 3 The protocol predefines the reference distance d3_ref or the reference delay t3_ref of the user link as the value associated with the latitude;
  • Method 4 Obtain the reference distance d3_ref or the reference time delay t3_ref of the user link according to the ephemeris information, where the ephemeris information includes information for the terminal to determine the precise position of the satellite.
  • the reference distance d3_ref is the shortest distance from the satellite to the ground cell or the reference distance d3_ref is the shortest distance from the satellite to the ground cell minus a height-related distance offset value
  • the reference delay t3_ref is the shortest time delay for the satellite to reach the ground cell
  • the reference delay t3_ref is the shortest time delay for the satellite to reach the ground cell minus a height-related delay offset value.
  • the fourth method when using the fourth method, obtain the shortest distance from the satellite to the ground cell where the terminal is located according to the ephemeris information, and use the shortest distance as the reference distance d3_ref, or obtain the satellite from the ephemeris information to the ground cell where the terminal is located
  • the shortest time delay is used as the reference time delay t3_ref.
  • the relative delay of the feeder link is determined according to the reference distance or the reference delay of the feeder link.
  • T4 represents the relative delay of the feeder link
  • c represents the speed of light
  • d4 represents the absolute distance of the feeder link
  • t4 d4/c
  • t4 represents the absolute delay of the feeder link
  • d4_ref represents the feeder link
  • T4_ref d4_ref/c
  • t4_ref represents the reference time delay of the feeder link.
  • Method 1 Obtain the actual position of the gateway station through broadcast signaling or other downlink signaling issued by the network, and determine the reference distance d4_ref of the feeder link or the reference delay t4_ref of the feeder link according to the actual position of the gateway station ;
  • Method 2 Obtain the reference distance d4_ref of the feeder link or the reference delay t4_ref of the feeder link through broadcast signaling or other downlink signaling issued by the network;
  • Method 3 The protocol predefines the reference distance d4_ref of the feeder link or the reference time delay t4_ref of the feeder link as a value associated with latitude.
  • the absolute distance or the minimum value of the absolute delay of the feeder links of multiple satellites associated with a gateway is used as the feeder link reference distance d4_ref or the feeder link reference time Extend t4_ref; or,
  • the reference distance d4_ref of the feeder link or the reference time delay t4_ref of the feeder link is determined.
  • the compensation unit is specifically configured to:
  • T_total T3+T4+T_offset
  • T3 represents the relative delay of the user link
  • T4 represents the relative delay of the feeder link
  • T_offset represents the preset offset
  • the delay compensation of the signal at the transmitting end is performed.
  • the compensation unit is specifically configured to:
  • the delay compensation of the signal at the transmitting end is performed.
  • another delay compensation control device provided by the embodiment of the present application includes:
  • the determining unit is configured to determine a control parameter used to instruct the terminal to perform delay compensation based on the relative delay of the user link and the relative delay of the feeder link in the satellite communication system NTN;
  • the notification unit is used to notify the terminal of the control parameter.
  • control parameter includes a parameter for instructing the terminal to determine the relative delay of the user link: the reference distance d3_ref of the user link or the reference delay t3_ref;
  • the control parameter also includes a parameter for instructing the terminal to determine the relative delay of the feeder link: the reference distance d4_ref of the feeder link or the reference delay t4_ref.
  • notifying the terminal of a parameter for instructing the terminal to determine the relative delay of the user link specifically includes: sending broadcast signaling or other downlink signaling so that the terminal obtains the reference distance d3_ref or reference time of the user link Extend t3_ref.
  • the determining unit is specifically configured to:
  • the terminal obtains the reference distance d4_ref of the feeder link or the reference delay t4_ref of the feeder link.
  • the processor uses broadcast signaling to notify the reference distance d3_ref of the user link or the reference delay t3_ref, or uses broadcast signaling to notify the reference distance d4_ref of the feeder link or the reference delay of the feeder link At t4_ref, the processor is also used to notify the effective time starting point of the reference distance or reference delay.
  • control parameter further includes a preset offset T_offset, so that the terminal determines the total relative delay based on the relative delay of the user link, the relative delay of the feeder link, and the offset T_offset.
  • Delay compensation value T_total and based on T_total to perform delay compensation of the signal at the transmitting end.
  • control parameter includes T_ref_total, so that the terminal determines the total relative delay compensation value T_total based on the T_ref_total, the absolute delay of the user link, and the absolute delay of the feeder link , And based on T_total to compensate the time delay of the transmitting end signal;
  • T_ref_total t3_ref+t4_ref-T_offset
  • t3_ref represents the reference delay of the user link
  • t4_ref represents the reference delay of the feeder link
  • T_offset represents the preset offset
  • T_total t3+t4-T_ref_total.
  • the determining unit is further configured to:
  • Another embodiment of the present application provides a computing device, which includes a memory and a processor, wherein the memory is used to store program instructions, and the processor is used to call the program instructions stored in the memory, according to the obtained program Perform any of the above methods.
  • Another embodiment of the present application provides a computer storage medium that stores computer-executable instructions, and the computer-executable instructions are used to make the computer execute any of the above methods.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the time delay of the NTN system in the prior art
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of user links of the NTN system provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the feeder link of the NTN system provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the feeder link of the NTN system provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the feeder link of the NTN system provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of user links of the NTN system provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a feeder link of an NTN system provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of user links of the NTN system provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic flowchart of a delay compensation method on the terminal side according to an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic flowchart of a delay compensation control method on the network side according to an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a delay compensation device on the terminal side according to an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a delay compensation control device on the network side according to an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of another delay compensation device on the terminal side according to an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of another delay compensation control device on the network side according to an embodiment of the application.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a delay compensation and its control method and device, which are used to perform delay compensation based on the relative delay of the user link and the relative delay of the feeder link, and provide an uplink of the NTN system.
  • the timing mechanism ensures the reliability of the synchronization establishment process of the NTN system and the timing accuracy of the subsequent data transmission process.
  • the method and the device are based on the same application conceived. Since the principles of the method and the device to solve the problem are similar, the implementation of the device and the method can be referred to each other, and the repetition will not be repeated.
  • applicable systems can be global system of mobile communication (GSM) system, code division multiple access (CDMA) system, and wideband code division multiple access (Wideband Code Division Multiple Access, WCDMA) general packet Wireless service (general packet radio service, GPRS) system, long term evolution (LTE) system, LTE frequency division duplex (FDD) system, LTE time division duplex (TDD), general Mobile system (universal mobile telecommunication system, UMTS), worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) system, 5G system, 5G NR system, etc.
  • GSM global system of mobile communication
  • CDMA code division multiple access
  • WCDMA wideband Code Division Multiple Access
  • general packet Wireless service general packet radio service
  • GPRS general packet Radio service
  • LTE long term evolution
  • FDD frequency division duplex
  • TDD LTE time division duplex
  • UMTS general Mobile system
  • WiMAX worldwide interoperability for microwave access
  • the terminal device involved in the embodiments of the present application may be a device that provides voice and/or data connectivity to a user, a handheld device with a wireless connection function, or other processing devices connected to a wireless modem.
  • the name of the terminal device may be different.
  • the terminal device may be called user equipment (UE).
  • the wireless terminal device can communicate with one or more core networks via the RAN.
  • the wireless terminal device can be a mobile terminal device, such as a mobile phone (or “cellular” phone) and a computer with a mobile terminal device, for example, a portable , Pocket, handheld, computer built-in or vehicle-mounted mobile devices that exchange language and/or data with the wireless access network.
  • Wireless terminal equipment can also be referred to as system, subscriber unit, subscriber station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, access point (access point) , Remote terminal equipment (remote terminal), access terminal equipment (access terminal), user terminal equipment (user terminal), user agent (user agent), user device (user device), which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the network device involved in the embodiment of the present application may be a base station, and the base station may include multiple cells.
  • a base station may also be called an access point, or may refer to a device in an access network that communicates with a wireless terminal device through one or more sectors on an air interface, or other names.
  • the network device can be used to convert the received air frame and the Internet protocol (IP) packet to each other, as a router between the wireless terminal device and the rest of the access network, where the rest of the access network can include the Internet Protocol (IP) communication network.
  • IP Internet Protocol
  • the network equipment can also coordinate the attribute management of the air interface.
  • the network equipment involved in the embodiments of this application may be a network equipment in GSM or CDMA (base transmitter station, BTS), a network equipment in WCDMA (NodeB), or an evolved network equipment in an LTE system (evolutional node B, eNB or e-NodeB), 5G base station in 5G network architecture (next generation system), but also home evolved node B (HeNB), relay node (relay node), home base station ( Femto), pico base station (pico), etc., are not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the embodiment of this application designs an uplink timing mechanism of the NTN system.
  • the core idea is that the UE compensates for the relative delay of the user link and the relative delay of the feeder link, and the gateway station (including gNB) does not make compensation.
  • the compensation implementation can include two steps: one is user-level delay compensation, which targets the difference in user link delays of different users in the same cell; the other is cell-level delay compensation, which targets all users in the same cell.
  • the user's feeder link performs joint compensation.
  • direct compensation can be performed based on the relative time delay, or an additional offset value can be compensated based on the relative time delay, so that the signals of all users are aligned with integer timeslots when they arrive at the gateway.
  • the gateway is a physical entity
  • the gateway and gNB are logical functional entities
  • the gNB is responsible for controlling the scheduling function
  • the gateway is the signal forwarding entity. If there is no special description in the follow-up, the gateway includes two functional entities: the gateway and the gNB .
  • the terminal reports the relative delay T3 of the user link and the relative delay T4 of the feeder link to the network. There are two specific reasons:
  • the network performs TA maintenance, so there is no need for the terminal to perform TA reporting.
  • the terminal cannot obtain the radius of the current cell, reporting the TA value is not feasible.
  • the relative delay T3 of the user link as the difference between the absolute distance of the user link and the reference distance of the user link and then divide by the speed of light, namely
  • c represents the speed of light, the value is 3.0*10 ⁇ 8 (m/s);
  • d3_ref represents the reference distance of the user link, that is, the linear connection distance of the satellite to a certain position in the coverage area, where the position can be located at any position on the ground or in the air;
  • t3_ref d3_ref/c, t3_ref represents the reference delay of the user link.
  • the reference distance d3_ref or the reference delay t3_ref of the user link can be obtained by one of the following four methods:
  • the protocol predefines the reference distance d3_ref or the reference delay t3_ref of the user link as a fixed value.
  • a satellite-based fixed value or a cell-based fixed value can be used.
  • the UE obtains the reference distance d3_ref or the reference delay t3_ref of the user link through the broadcast signaling or other downlink signaling issued by the network side.
  • the shortest distance from the satellite to the ground cell is used as the reference distance d3_ref
  • the shortest time delay for the satellite to reach the ground cell is used as the reference time delay t3_ref.
  • the protocol predefines the reference distance d3_ref or reference delay t3_ref of the user link as a value associated with latitude, and the UE obtains the current reference distance d3_ref or reference delay t3_ref according to the current latitude position.
  • the UE obtains the reference distance d3_ref or the reference time delay t3_ref of the user link according to the ephemeris information.
  • the UE obtains the shortest distance from the satellite to the ground cell where the UE is located according to the ephemeris information as the reference distance d3_ref, Or the UE obtains the shortest time delay for the satellite to reach the ground cell where the UE is located according to the ephemeris information as the reference time delay t3_ref.
  • the satellite orbit model is also called the ephemeris model, which provides information for the terminal to determine the precise position of the satellite, so that the terminal can perform satellite lock and positioning.
  • Related parameters are one of the important contents in auxiliary data.
  • c represents the speed of light, the value is 3.0*10 ⁇ 8 (m/s);
  • d4_ref represents the reference distance of the feeder link, taking into account the different orbital positions of the same satellite at different times, and the orbits of different satellites at the same time The positions are not the same. Therefore, the reference distance d4_ref of the feeder link can be defined as the straight line connection distance from the gateway to a certain point on the target satellite orbit, or as the distance from the gateway to a certain satellite at a certain moment.
  • t4_ref d4_ref/c
  • t4_ref represents the reference time delay of the feeder link.
  • the reference distance d4_ref or the reference time delay t4_ref of the feeder link can be obtained by one of the following three methods.
  • Method B.1 The UE obtains the actual location of the gateway station (including gNB) through broadcast signaling or other downlink signaling issued by the network side, and determines the reference distance d4_ref of the feeder link based on the actual location of the gateway station Or referring to the time delay t4_ref, this method may further include two situations:
  • CASE B.1-1 When a gateway station is associated with multiple satellites, in order to ensure that the feeder links from different satellites arrive at the gateway station’s uplink reception signals at the same time, a gateway station is associated with multiple satellites.
  • the minimum value of the absolute distance or the absolute delay of the satellite's feeder link is used as the reference distance d4_ref or the reference delay t4_ref;
  • CASE B.1-2 When a gateway station is associated with a satellite, and the distance of the same target satellite to the gateway station at different times changes, the UE passes through the gateway station’s position and the ephemeris of the target satellite Information, the change in the absolute distance of the feeder link can be estimated to compensate, so as to ensure that the feeder links from the same target satellite at different times arrive at the same time the uplink received signals of the gateway.
  • t1 represents the time when the gateway station sends the broadcast signaling
  • t2 represents the time when the UE receives the broadcast signaling
  • d4 in formula (2) represents the straight-line connection distance of the feeder link from the target satellite to the gateway at t2
  • d4_ref represents t1
  • the reference distance d4_ref or reference delay t4_ref can be 0.
  • the relative delay T4 of the feeder link is equal to the absolute time of the feeder link Delay t4.
  • Method B.2 The UE obtains the reference distance d4_ref or reference delay t4_ref of the feeder link from the gateway station (including gNB) to the satellite through broadcast signaling or other downlink signaling issued by the network side.
  • Method B.3 The protocol predefines the reference distance d4_ref or reference delay t4_ref of the feeder link as a value associated with latitude, and the UE obtains the current reference distance d4_ref or reference delay t4_ref according to the current latitude position.
  • Method B.1) is suitable for PUSCH/PUCCH/SRS using conventional CP format
  • Method B.2) and Method B.3) are suitable for PUSCH/PUCCH/SRS using extended CP format.
  • the UE performs delay compensation based on the relative delay of the user link and the relative delay of the feeder link:
  • the UE performs the delay compensation according to the relative delay T3 of the user link and the relative delay T4 of the feeder link obtained by A) and B), including:
  • T_total T3+T4+T_offset (3)
  • the function of the offset value T_offset is to align the time when the signals of all users arrive at the gateway to an integer timeslot.
  • T_offset can be calculated separately by the user or notified through broadcast signaling or other downlink signaling on the network side.
  • the UE performs the delay compensation of the signal at the transmitting end based on the total relative delay compensation value T_total.
  • the network side can use the following two methods to notify the terminal for delay compensation based on the relative delay of the user link and the relative delay of the feeder link in the satellite communication system NTN Control parameters:
  • Method 1 separately notify the user of the reference distance d3_ref or reference delay t3_ref of the user link, the reference distance d4_ref or the reference delay t4_ref of the feeder link, and the offset value T_offset;
  • Embodiment 1 The UE adopts the method Method A.1) to compensate for the relative delay of the user link + the UE adopts the method Method B.1) to compensate for the relative delay of the feeder link.
  • the UE's relative delay compensation adopts a combination of Method A.1) and Method B.1).
  • the terminal reports the relative delay T3 of the user link to the network.
  • the reference distance d3_ref or reference delay t3_ref of the user link is obtained by the above method Method A.1), that is, the protocol predefines the reference distance d3_ref or the reference delay t3_ref on the straight line connection distance between the UE and the satellite as a fixed value, Preferably, a satellite-based fixed value or a cell-based fixed value may be used; or, the reference distance d3_ref or the reference time delay t3_ref may also be zero.
  • the relative delay T3 of the user link is equal to the absolute delay t3 of the user link.
  • the reference delay of the user link and the reference delay of the feeder link are both 0, the subframe timing relationship of the UE in the NTN system is consistent with the subframe timing relationship of the network.
  • the reference distance d3_ref of the user link represents the shortest distance from the satellite to the ground in the same cell.
  • all users are located in the ground cell
  • h represents the vertical distance from the satellite to the ground
  • ⁇ 1 represents the maximum pitch angle of the shortest distance point from the satellite to the ground cell
  • ⁇ 2 represents the minimum distance point from the satellite to the ground cell.
  • Pitch angle, S max means 2 times the radius of the cell
  • a 1 is the distance between the shortest distance point of the satellite to the ground cell and the vertical distance point of the satellite to the ground
  • a 2 is the longest distance point of the satellite to the ground cell and the satellite reaches the ground The vertical distance of the point.
  • the terminal reports the relative delay T4 of the feeder link to the network.
  • the reference distance d4_ref or the reference delay t4_ref of the feeder link is obtained by Method B.1, that is, the UE obtains the actual location of the gateway station (gNB) through broadcast signaling or other downlink signaling issued by the network side.
  • This method is suitable for PUSCH/PUCCH/SRS using conventional CP format.
  • CASE B.1-1 When a gateway is associated with multiple satellites, in order to ensure that the feeder links from different satellites arrive at the same The absolute distance or the minimum value of the absolute time delay of the feeder links of each satellite is used as the reference distance d4_ref or the reference time delay t4_ref. As shown in Figure 3, a gateway is associated with two satellites, and the absolute distance of the feeder link from satellite 2 to the gateway is smaller than the absolute distance of the feeder link from satellite 1 to the gateway. Therefore, the absolute distance of the feeder link from the satellite 2 to the gateway is selected as the reference distance d4_ref of the feeder link.
  • CASE B.1-2 When the distance of the same target satellite to the gateway at different times changes, the UE can estimate the feeder link distance through the position of the gateway and the ephemeris information of the target satellite To ensure that the feeder links from the same target satellite at different times arrive at the same time the uplink received signals of the gateway.
  • t1 represents the time when the gateway sends the broadcast signaling
  • t2 represents the time when the UE receives the broadcast signaling
  • the air interface delay sent to the UE At this time, d4 in formula (2) represents the straight-line connection distance of the feeder link from the target satellite to the gateway at t2, and d4_ref represents the straight-line connection distance of the feeder link from the target satellite to the gateway at t1.
  • the delay compensation is performed in addition to the broadcast signaling or other downlink signaling instructions issued by the network side, and the delay time after the user's uplink signal arrives at the gateway is considered. Pre-compensation.
  • the user uses the reference of the previous broadcast signaling or other downlink signaling notification Time delay is compensated, or the user performs interpolation based on the time delay indicated by two broadcast signaling or other downlink signaling at the same gateway to obtain the timing compensation required by the user to send the uplink signal at any time.
  • CASE B.1-3 As shown in Figure 5, when a gateway is associated with a satellite, the reference distance d4_ref or the reference delay t4_ref can be 0. At this time, the relative delay T4 of the feeder link is equal to the feeder link. The absolute time delay of the electrical link t4. When the reference delay of the user link and the reference delay of the feeder link are both 0, the subframe timing relationship of the UE in the NTN system is consistent with the subframe timing relationship of the network.
  • Embodiment 2 The UE adopts the method Method A.1) to compensate the relative time delay of the user link + the UE adopts the method Method B.2) to compensate the relative delay of the feeder link.
  • the UE's relative delay compensation adopts a combination of Method A.1) and Method B.2).
  • the terminal reports the relative delay T3 of the user link to the network.
  • the reference distance d3_ref or reference delay t3_ref of the user link is obtained by Method A.1), that is, the protocol predefines the reference distance d3_ref or the reference delay t3_ref on the straight line connection distance between the UE and the satellite as a fixed value, preferably Locally, satellite-based fixed values or cell-based fixed values can be used.
  • the reference distance d3_ref or the reference time delay t3_ref is a fixed value based on satellites.
  • all users are located in a cell at a certain height in the air
  • h represents the vertical distance from a cell at a certain height in the air to the ground
  • S max represents twice the cell radius.
  • the terminal reports the relative delay T4 of the feeder link to the network.
  • the reference distance d4_ref of the feeder link is obtained by Method B.2, that is, the UE obtains the reference distance of the feeder link from the gateway station (gNB) to the satellite through broadcast signaling or downlink signaling issued by the network side d4_ref or reference time delay t4_ref, this method is suitable for PUSCH/PUCCH/SRS using extended CP format.
  • t1 represents the time when the gateway station sends the broadcast signaling or downlink signaling
  • t2 represents the time when the UE receives the broadcast signaling or downlink signaling
  • t2 t1+delta_t
  • delta_t represents The air interface delay when the broadcast signaling or downlink signaling is sent from the gateway to the UE.
  • the gateway station learns the straight-line connection distance d4_ref from the gateway station to the feeder link of satellite 1 at time t1 through the ephemeris information of satellite 1 and the straight-line connection distance d4_ref representing the feeder link from the target satellite to the gateway station at time t2 d4, and the gateway station notifies the UE of both d4_ref and d4, and the UE calculates the relative delay T4 of the feeder link according to the above formula (2); or the gateway station directly calculates the relative delay of the feeder link.
  • the time delay T4 is notified to the UE.
  • a user when a user sends an uplink signal to a gateway, in addition to considering the broadcast signaling or downlink signaling instructions issued by the network side for delay compensation, it also considers the delay time after the user's uplink signal arrives at the gateway for delay compensation. make up.
  • the user uses the reference delay notified by the last broadcast signaling or downlink signaling Compensation, or the user performs interpolation based on the indicated delay of two broadcast signaling or downlink signaling at the same gateway to obtain the timing compensation required by the user to send the uplink signal at any time.
  • Embodiment 3 The UE adopts Method A.1) Compensating the relative delay of the user link + UE adopts Method B.3) Compensating the relative delay of the feeder link.
  • the UE's relative delay compensation adopts a combination of Method A.1) and Method B.3).
  • the terminal reports the relative delay T4 of the feeder link to the network.
  • the reference distance d4_ref or the reference delay t4_ref of the feeder link is obtained by Method B.3, that is, the protocol predefines the reference distance d4_ref or the reference delay t4_ref on the straight-line connection distance from the gateway station (gNB) to the satellite as For the value associated with the latitude, the UE obtains the current reference distance d4_ref or the reference time delay t4_ref according to the current latitude position.
  • This method is suitable for PUSCH/PUCCH/SRS in the extended CP format.
  • Embodiment 4 The UE adopts the method Method A.2) to compensate the relative delay of the user link + the UE adopts the method Method B.1) to compensate the relative delay of the feeder link.
  • the UE's relative delay compensation adopts a combination of Method A.2) and Method B.1).
  • the terminal reports the relative delay T3 of the user link to the network.
  • the reference distance d3_ref of the user link or the reference delay t3_ref is obtained by Method A.2), that is, the UE obtains the reference distance from the UE to the satellite direct connection distance through broadcast signaling or other downlink signaling issued by the network side d3_ref or reference time delay t3_ref, preferably, the shortest distance or shortest time delay for the satellite to reach the ground cell is used as the reference distance d3_ref or reference time delay t3_ref.
  • the difference between this embodiment 4 and embodiment 1 is that in embodiment 1, the reference distance d3_ref or the reference delay t3_ref is predefined by the protocol; while in embodiment 4, the UE uses broadcast signaling or other downlink signals issued by the network side. Let the reference distance d3_ref or the reference time delay t3_ref be obtained.
  • Embodiment 5 the UE adopts the method Method A.2) to compensate the relative delay of the user link + the UE adopts the method Method B.2) to compensate the relative delay of the feeder link.
  • the UE's relative delay compensation adopts a combination of Method A.2) and Method B.2).
  • the terminal reports the relative delay T3 of the user link to the network.
  • the reference distance d3_ref or the reference delay t3_ref of the user link is obtained by Method A.2), that is, the UE obtains the reference distance d3_ref or the reference delay t3_ref on the straight-line connection distance between the UE and the satellite through broadcast signaling, preferably, The shortest distance or shortest time delay for the satellite to reach the ground cell is used as the reference distance d3_ref or the reference time delay t3_ref.
  • the difference between the fifth embodiment and the second embodiment is that in the second embodiment, the reference distance d3_ref or the reference delay t3_ref is predefined by the protocol; in the fifth embodiment, the UE obtains the reference distance d3_ref through the broadcast signaling sent by the network side Or refer to the time delay t3_ref.
  • Embodiment 6 the UE adopts the method Method A.2) to compensate the relative delay of the user link + the UE adopts the method Method B.3) to compensate the relative delay of the feeder link.
  • the UE's relative delay compensation adopts a combination of Method A.2) and Method B.3).
  • the terminal reports the relative delay T3 of the user link to the network.
  • the reference distance d3_ref or the reference delay t3_ref of the user link is obtained by Method A.2), that is, the UE obtains the reference distance d3_ref or the reference delay t3_ref on the straight-line connection distance between the UE and the satellite through broadcast signaling, preferably, The shortest distance or shortest time delay for the satellite to reach the ground cell is used as the reference distance d3_ref or the reference time delay t3_ref.
  • the difference between this embodiment 6 and embodiment 3 is: in embodiment 3, the reference distance d3_ref or the reference delay t3_ref is defined in advance by the protocol; while in embodiment 6, the UE obtains the reference distance through broadcast signaling sent by the network side d3_ref or reference delay t3_ref.
  • Embodiment 7 the UE adopts the method Method A.3) to compensate the relative time delay of the user link + the UE adopts the method Method B.1) to compensate the relative delay of the feeder link.
  • the UE's relative delay compensation adopts a combination of Method A.3) and Method B.1).
  • the terminal reports the relative delay T3 of the user link to the network.
  • the reference distance d3_ref or the reference delay t3_ref of the user link is obtained by Method A.3), that is, the protocol predefines the reference distance d3_ref or the reference delay t3_ref on the straight line connection distance between the UE and the satellite as the value associated with the latitude.
  • the current reference distance d3_ref or reference time delay t3_ref is obtained according to the current latitude position.
  • the reference distance d3_ref or the reference delay t3_ref of different user links are respectively defined.
  • Embodiment 8 the UE adopts the method Method A.3) to compensate the relative delay of the user link + the UE adopts the method Method B.2) to compensate the relative delay of the feeder link.
  • the UE's relative delay compensation adopts a combination of Method A.3) and Method B.2).
  • the terminal reports the relative delay T3 of the user link to the network.
  • the reference distance d3_ref or reference delay t3_ref of the user link is obtained by Method A.3), that is, the protocol predefines the reference distance d3_ref or the reference delay t3_ref on the straight-line connection distance between the UE and the satellite as a value associated with latitude, The UE obtains the current reference distance d3_ref or the reference time delay t3_ref according to the current latitude position. As shown in Figure 8, on three different latitudes 1, latitude 2 and latitude 3, the reference distance d3_ref or the reference time delay t3_ref of different user links are respectively defined.
  • Embodiment 9 The UE adopts Method A.3) to compensate the relative delay of the user link + the UE adopts Method B.3) to compensate for the relative delay of the feeder link.
  • the relative delay compensation of the UE adopts a combination of Method A.3) and Method B.3).
  • the terminal reports the relative delay T3 of the user link to the network.
  • the reference distance d3_ref or reference delay t3_ref of the user link is obtained by Method A.3), that is, the protocol predefines the reference distance d3_ref or the reference delay t3_ref on the straight-line connection distance between the UE and the satellite as a value associated with latitude, The UE obtains the current reference distance d3_ref or the reference time delay t3_ref according to the current latitude position. As shown in Figure 8, on three different latitudes 1, latitude 2 and latitude 3, the reference distance d3_ref or the reference time delay t3_ref of different user links are respectively defined.
  • a delay compensation method provided by an embodiment of the present application includes:
  • the terminal determines that it needs to make the user link in the satellite communication system NTN
  • the circuit and the feeder link perform delay compensation, and how this step is implemented is not limited in the embodiment of this application.
  • S102 Perform time delay compensation based on the relative time delay of the user link and the relative time delay of the feeder link.
  • the embodiment of this application performs delay compensation based on the relative delay of the user link and the relative delay of the feeder link, provides an uplink timing mechanism of the NTN system, and ensures the reliability and follow-up of the synchronization establishment process of the NTN system The timing accuracy of the data transmission process.
  • the method further includes:
  • the relative delay of the user link and the relative delay of the feeder link are reported to the network.
  • the relative delay of the user link is determined according to the reference distance or the reference delay of the user link.
  • T3 represents the relative delay of the user link
  • c represents the speed of light
  • d3 represents the absolute distance of the user link
  • t3 d3/c
  • t3 represents the absolute delay of the user link
  • d3_ref represents the reference distance of the user link
  • t3_ref d3_ref/c
  • t3_ref represents the reference time delay of the user link.
  • one of the following four methods is used to obtain the reference distance d3_ref or the reference delay t3_ref of the user link:
  • Method 1 The protocol predefines the reference distance d3_ref or the reference delay t3_ref of the user link as a fixed value;
  • Method 2 Obtain the reference distance d3_ref or the reference delay t3_ref of the user link through broadcast signaling or other downlink signaling issued by the network side;
  • Method 3 The protocol predefines the reference distance d3_ref or the reference delay t3_ref of the user link as a value associated with latitude;
  • Method 4 Obtain the reference distance d3_ref or the reference time delay t3_ref of the user link according to the ephemeris information, where the ephemeris information includes information for the terminal to determine the precise position of the satellite.
  • the reference distance d3_ref is the shortest distance from the satellite to the ground cell or the reference distance d3_ref is the shortest distance from the satellite to the ground cell minus a height-related distance offset value
  • the reference delay t3_ref is the shortest time delay for the satellite to reach the ground cell
  • the reference delay t3_ref is the shortest time delay for the satellite to reach the ground cell minus a height-related delay offset value.
  • different heights H correspond to different delay offset values.
  • H1 corresponds to t_offset1
  • H2 corresponds to t_offset2.
  • the fourth method when using the fourth method, obtain the shortest distance from the satellite to the ground cell where the terminal is located according to the ephemeris information, and use the shortest distance as the reference distance d3_ref, or obtain the satellite from the ephemeris information to the ground cell where the terminal is located
  • the shortest time delay is used as the reference time delay t3_ref.
  • the relative delay of the feeder link is determined according to the reference distance or the reference delay of the feeder link.
  • T4 represents the relative delay of the feeder link
  • c represents the speed of light
  • d4 represents the absolute distance of the feeder link
  • t4 d4/c
  • t4 represents the absolute delay of the feeder link
  • d4_ref represents the feeder link
  • T4_ref d4_ref/c
  • t4_ref represents the reference time delay of the feeder link.
  • Method 1 Obtain the actual position of the gateway station through broadcast signaling or other downlink signaling issued by the network, and determine the reference distance d4_ref of the feeder link or the reference delay t4_ref of the feeder link according to the actual position of the gateway station ;
  • Method 2 Obtain the reference distance d4_ref of the feeder link or the reference delay t4_ref of the feeder link through broadcast signaling or other downlink signaling issued by the network;
  • Method 3 The protocol predefines the reference distance d4_ref of the feeder link or the reference delay t4_ref of the feeder link as a value associated with latitude.
  • the absolute distance or the minimum value of the absolute delay of the feeder links of multiple satellites associated with a gateway is used as the feeder link reference distance d4_ref or the feeder link reference time Extend t4_ref; or,
  • the reference distance d4_ref of the feeder link or the reference time delay t4_ref of the feeder link is determined.
  • the delay compensation based on the relative delay of the user link and the relative delay of the feeder link specifically includes:
  • T_total T3+T4+T_offset
  • T3 represents the relative delay of the user link
  • T4 represents the relative delay of the feeder link
  • T_offset represents the preset offset
  • the delay compensation of the signal at the transmitting end is performed.
  • the delay compensation based on the relative delay of the user link and the relative delay of the feeder link specifically includes:
  • the delay compensation of the signal at the transmitting end is performed.
  • the terminal does not need to separately determine the relative delay of the user link and the relative delay of the feeder link, and can directly determine T_total based on T_ref_total.
  • a delay compensation control method provided by an embodiment of the present application includes:
  • S201 Determine a control parameter used to instruct the terminal to perform delay compensation based on the relative delay of the user link and the relative delay of the feeder link in the satellite communication system NTN;
  • control parameter includes a parameter for instructing the terminal to determine the relative delay of the user link: the reference distance d3_ref of the user link or the reference delay t3_ref;
  • the control parameter also includes a parameter for instructing the terminal to determine the relative delay of the feeder link: the reference distance d4_ref of the feeder link or the reference delay t4_ref.
  • notifying the terminal of a parameter for instructing the terminal to determine the relative delay of the user link specifically includes: sending broadcast signaling or other downlink signaling so that the terminal obtains the reference distance d3_ref or reference time of the user link Extend t3_ref.
  • notifying the terminal of the parameter used to instruct the terminal to determine the relative delay of the feeder link specifically includes:
  • the terminal obtains the reference distance d4_ref of the feeder link or the reference delay t4_ref of the feeder link.
  • the method when broadcast signaling is used to notify the reference distance d3_ref of the user link or the reference delay t3_ref of the user link, or broadcast signaling is used to notify the reference distance d4_ref of the feeder link or the reference delay of the feeder link
  • the method also includes notifying the reference distance (including the reference distance d3_ref of the user link and/or the reference distance d4_ref of the feeder link) or the reference delay (the reference delay t3_ref of the user link, and/or Or the starting point of the effective time of the reference time delay t4_ref of the feeder link (for example, a time stamp), and the specific notification method may also be broadcast signaling or other downlink signaling.
  • control parameter further includes a preset offset T_offset, so that the terminal determines the total relative delay based on the relative delay of the user link, the relative delay of the feeder link, and the offset T_offset.
  • Delay compensation value T_total and based on T_total to perform delay compensation of the signal at the transmitting end.
  • control parameter includes T_ref_total, so that the terminal determines the total delay based on the T_ref_total, the absolute delay of the user link, and the absolute delay of the feeder link Relative delay compensation value T_total, and based on T_total to perform delay compensation of the signal at the transmitting end;
  • T_ref_total t3_ref+t4_ref-T_offset
  • t3_ref represents the reference delay of the user link
  • t4_ref represents the reference delay of the feeder link
  • T_offset represents the preset offset
  • T_total t3+t4-T_ref_total.
  • the method further includes:
  • a delay compensation device provided by an embodiment of the present application includes:
  • the memory 620 is used to store program instructions
  • the processor 600 is configured to call the program instructions stored in the memory, and execute according to the obtained program:
  • Delay compensation is performed based on the relative delay of the user link and the relative delay of the feeder link.
  • the processor 600 is further configured to execute according to the obtained program: reporting the relative delay of the user link and the relative delay of the feeder link to the network.
  • the relative delay of the user link is determined according to the reference distance or the reference delay of the user link.
  • T3 represents the relative delay of the user link
  • c represents the speed of light
  • d3 represents the absolute distance of the user link
  • t3 d3/c
  • t3 represents the absolute delay of the user link
  • d3_ref represents the reference distance of the user link
  • t3_ref d3_ref/c
  • t3_ref represents the reference time delay of the user link.
  • one of the following four methods is used to obtain the reference distance d3_ref or the reference delay t3_ref of the user link:
  • Method 1 The protocol predefines the reference distance d3_ref or the reference delay t3_ref of the user link as a fixed value;
  • Method 2 Obtain the reference distance d3_ref or the reference delay t3_ref of the user link through broadcast signaling or other downlink signaling issued by the network side;
  • Method 3 The protocol predefines the reference distance d3_ref or the reference delay t3_ref of the user link as a value associated with latitude;
  • Method 4 Obtain the reference distance d3_ref or the reference time delay t3_ref of the user link according to the ephemeris information, where the ephemeris information includes information for the terminal to determine the precise position of the satellite.
  • the reference distance d3_ref is the shortest distance from the satellite to the ground cell or the reference distance d3_ref is the shortest distance from the satellite to the ground cell minus a height-related distance offset value
  • the reference delay t3_ref is the shortest time delay for the satellite to reach the ground cell
  • the reference delay t3_ref is the shortest time delay for the satellite to reach the ground cell minus a height-related delay offset value.
  • the fourth method when using the fourth method, obtain the shortest distance from the satellite to the ground cell where the terminal is located according to the ephemeris information, and use the shortest distance as the reference distance d3_ref, or obtain the satellite from the ephemeris information to the ground cell where the terminal is located
  • the shortest time delay is used as the reference time delay t3_ref.
  • the relative delay of the feeder link is determined according to the reference distance or the reference delay of the feeder link.
  • T4 represents the relative delay of the feeder link
  • c represents the speed of light
  • d4 represents the absolute distance of the feeder link
  • t4 d4/c
  • t4 represents the absolute delay of the feeder link
  • d4_ref represents the feeder link
  • T4_ref d4_ref/c
  • t4_ref represents the reference time delay of the feeder link.
  • Method 1 Obtain the actual position of the gateway station through broadcast signaling or other downlink signaling issued by the network, and determine the reference distance d4_ref of the feeder link or the reference delay t4_ref of the feeder link according to the actual position of the gateway station ;
  • Method 2 Obtain the reference distance d4_ref of the feeder link or the reference delay t4_ref of the feeder link through broadcast signaling or other downlink signaling issued by the network;
  • Method 3 The protocol predefines the reference distance d4_ref of the feeder link or the reference delay t4_ref of the feeder link as a value associated with latitude.
  • the absolute distance or the minimum value of the absolute delay of the feeder links of multiple satellites associated with a gateway is used as the feeder link reference distance d4_ref or the feeder link reference time Extend t4_ref; or,
  • the reference distance d4_ref of the feeder link or the reference time delay t4_ref of the feeder link is determined.
  • processor 600 is specifically configured to:
  • T_total T3+T4+T_offset
  • T3 represents the relative delay of the user link
  • T4 represents the relative delay of the feeder link
  • T_offset represents the preset offset
  • the delay compensation of the signal at the transmitting end is performed.
  • processor 600 is specifically configured to:
  • the delay compensation of the signal at the transmitting end is performed.
  • the transceiver 610 is configured to receive and send data under the control of the processor 600.
  • the bus architecture may include any number of interconnected buses and bridges. Specifically, one or more processors represented by the processor 600 and various circuits of the memory represented by the memory 620 are linked together.
  • the bus architecture can also link various other circuits such as peripherals, voltage regulators, power management circuits, etc., which are all known in the art, and therefore, no further descriptions are provided herein.
  • the bus interface provides the interface.
  • the transceiver 610 may be a plurality of elements, that is, including a transmitter and a receiver, and provide a unit for communicating with various other devices on the transmission medium.
  • the user interface 630 may also be an interface capable of connecting externally and internally with the required equipment.
  • the connected equipment includes but not limited to a keypad, a display, a speaker, a microphone, a joystick, and the like.
  • the processor 600 is responsible for managing the bus architecture and general processing, and the memory 620 can store data used by the processor 600 when performing operations.
  • the processor 600 may be a CPU (central embedded device), an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, application-specific integrated circuit), FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array, field programmable gate array) or CPLD (Complex Programmable Logic Device) , Complex programmable logic device).
  • CPU central embedded device
  • ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit
  • FPGA Field-Programmable Gate Array, field programmable gate array
  • CPLD Complex Programmable Logic Device
  • Complex programmable logic device Complex programmable logic device
  • a delay compensation control device provided by an embodiment of the present application includes:
  • the memory 520 is used to store program instructions
  • the processor 500 is configured to call the program instructions stored in the memory, and execute according to the obtained program:
  • the control parameter is notified to the terminal.
  • control parameter includes a parameter for instructing the terminal to determine the relative delay of the user link: the reference distance d3_ref of the user link or the reference delay t3_ref;
  • the control parameter also includes a parameter for instructing the terminal to determine the relative delay of the feeder link: the reference distance d4_ref of the feeder link or the reference delay t4_ref.
  • notifying the terminal of a parameter for instructing the terminal to determine the relative delay of the user link specifically includes: sending broadcast signaling or other downlink signaling so that the terminal obtains the reference distance d3_ref or reference time of the user link Extend t3_ref.
  • the processor 500 is specifically configured to:
  • the terminal obtains the reference distance d4_ref of the feeder link or the reference delay t4_ref of the feeder link.
  • the processor 500 uses broadcast signaling to notify the reference distance d3_ref or reference delay t3_ref of the user link, or uses broadcast signaling to notify the reference distance d4_ref of the feeder link or the reference of the feeder link
  • the processor 500 is further configured to notify the effective time starting point of the reference distance or reference delay.
  • control parameter further includes a preset offset T_offset, so that the terminal determines the total relative delay based on the relative delay of the user link, the relative delay of the feeder link, and the offset T_offset.
  • Delay compensation value T_total and based on T_total to perform delay compensation of the signal at the transmitting end.
  • control parameter includes T_ref_total, so that the terminal determines the total relative delay compensation value T_total based on the T_ref_total, the absolute delay of the user link, and the absolute delay of the feeder link , And based on T_total to compensate the time delay of the transmitting end signal;
  • T_ref_total t3_ref+t4_ref+T_offset
  • t3_ref represents the reference delay of the user link
  • t4_ref represents the reference delay of the feeder link
  • T_offset represents the preset offset
  • T_total t3+t4-T_ref_total.
  • processor 500 is further configured to:
  • the transceiver 510 is configured to receive and send data under the control of the processor 500.
  • the bus architecture may include any number of interconnected buses and bridges. Specifically, one or more processors represented by the processor 500 and various circuits of the memory represented by the memory 520 are linked together.
  • the bus architecture can also link various other circuits such as peripherals, voltage regulators, power management circuits, etc., which are all known in the art, and therefore, no further descriptions are provided herein.
  • the bus interface provides the interface.
  • the transceiver 510 may be a plurality of elements, including a transmitter and a transceiver, and provide a unit for communicating with various other devices on a transmission medium.
  • the processor 500 is responsible for managing the bus architecture and general processing, and the memory 520 can store data used by the processor 500 when performing operations.
  • the processor 500 can be a central processor (CPU), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (Field-Programmable Gate Array, FPGA) or a complex programmable logic device (Complex Programmable Logic Device). , CPLD).
  • CPU central processor
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • FPGA field programmable gate array
  • FPGA field programmable gate array
  • CPLD complex programmable logic device
  • another delay compensation device provided in an embodiment of the present application includes:
  • the determining unit 11 is configured to determine that the user link and the feeder link in the satellite communication system NTN need to be compensated for the delay;
  • the compensation unit 12 is configured to perform delay compensation based on the relative delay of the user link and the relative delay of the feeder link.
  • the determining unit 11 is further configured to report the relative delay of the user link and the relative delay of the feeder link to the network.
  • the relative delay of the user link is determined according to the reference distance or the reference delay of the user link.
  • T3 represents the relative delay of the user link
  • c represents the speed of light
  • d3 represents the absolute distance of the user link
  • t3 d3/c
  • t3 represents the absolute delay of the user link
  • d3_ref represents the reference distance of the user link
  • t3_ref d3_ref/c
  • t3_ref represents the reference time delay of the user link.
  • one of the following four methods is used to obtain the reference distance d3_ref or the reference delay t3_ref of the user link:
  • Method 1 The protocol predefines the reference distance d3_ref or the reference delay t3_ref of the user link as a fixed value;
  • Method 2 Obtain the reference distance d3_ref or the reference delay t3_ref of the user link through broadcast signaling or other downlink signaling issued by the network side;
  • Method 3 The protocol predefines the reference distance d3_ref or the reference delay t3_ref of the user link as the value associated with the latitude;
  • Method 4 Obtain the reference distance d3_ref or the reference time delay t3_ref of the user link according to the ephemeris information, where the ephemeris information includes information for the terminal to determine the precise position of the satellite.
  • the reference distance d3_ref is the shortest distance from the satellite to the ground cell or the reference distance d3_ref is the shortest distance from the satellite to the ground cell minus a height-related distance offset value
  • the reference delay t3_ref is the shortest time delay for the satellite to reach the ground cell
  • the reference delay t3_ref is the shortest time delay for the satellite to reach the ground cell minus a height-related delay offset value.
  • the fourth method when using the fourth method, obtain the shortest distance from the satellite to the ground cell where the terminal is located according to the ephemeris information, and use the shortest distance as the reference distance d3_ref, or obtain the satellite from the ephemeris information to the ground cell where the terminal is located
  • the shortest time delay is used as the reference time delay t3_ref.
  • the relative delay of the feeder link is determined according to the reference distance or the reference delay of the feeder link.
  • T4 represents the relative delay of the feeder link
  • c represents the speed of light
  • d4 represents the absolute distance of the feeder link
  • t4 d4/c
  • t4 represents the absolute delay of the feeder link
  • d4_ref represents the feeder link
  • T4_ref d4_ref/c
  • t4_ref represents the reference time delay of the feeder link.
  • Method 1 Obtain the actual position of the gateway station through broadcast signaling or other downlink signaling issued by the network, and determine the reference distance d4_ref of the feeder link or the reference delay t4_ref of the feeder link according to the actual position of the gateway station ;
  • Method 2 Obtain the reference distance d4_ref of the feeder link or the reference delay t4_ref of the feeder link through broadcast signaling or other downlink signaling issued by the network;
  • Method 3 The protocol predefines the reference distance d4_ref of the feeder link or the reference time delay t4_ref of the feeder link as a value associated with latitude.
  • the absolute distance or the minimum value of the absolute delay of the feeder links of multiple satellites associated with a gateway is used as the feeder link reference distance d4_ref or the feeder link reference time Extend t4_ref; or,
  • the reference distance d4_ref of the feeder link or the reference time delay t4_ref of the feeder link is determined.
  • the compensation unit 12 is specifically configured to:
  • T_total T3+T4+T_offset
  • T3 represents the relative delay of the user link
  • T4 represents the relative delay of the feeder link
  • T_offset represents the preset offset
  • the delay compensation of the signal at the transmitting end is performed.
  • the compensation unit 12 is specifically configured to:
  • the delay compensation of the signal at the transmitting end is performed.
  • another delay compensation control device provided in an embodiment of the present application includes:
  • the determining unit 21 is configured to determine control parameters for instructing the terminal to perform delay compensation based on the relative delay of the user link and the relative delay of the feeder link in the satellite communication system NTN;
  • the notification unit 22 is configured to notify the terminal of the control parameter.
  • control parameter includes a parameter for instructing the terminal to determine the relative delay of the user link: the reference distance d3_ref of the user link or the reference delay t3_ref;
  • the control parameter also includes a parameter for instructing the terminal to determine the relative delay of the feeder link: the reference distance d4_ref of the feeder link or the reference delay t4_ref.
  • notifying the terminal of a parameter for instructing the terminal to determine the relative delay of the user link specifically includes: sending broadcast signaling or other downlink signaling so that the terminal obtains the reference distance d3_ref or reference time of the user link Extend t3_ref.
  • the determining unit 21 is specifically configured to:
  • the terminal obtains the reference distance d4_ref of the feeder link or the reference delay t4_ref of the feeder link.
  • the processor uses broadcast signaling to notify the reference distance d3_ref of the user link or the reference delay t3_ref, or uses broadcast signaling to notify the reference distance d4_ref of the feeder link or the reference delay of the feeder link At t4_ref, the processor is also used to notify the effective time starting point of the reference distance or reference delay.
  • control parameter further includes a preset offset T_offset, so that the terminal determines the total relative delay based on the relative delay of the user link, the relative delay of the feeder link, and the offset T_offset.
  • Delay compensation value T_total and based on T_total to perform delay compensation of the signal at the transmitting end.
  • control parameter includes T_ref_total, so that the terminal determines the total relative delay compensation value T_total based on the T_ref_total, the absolute delay of the user link, and the absolute delay of the feeder link , And based on T_total to compensate the time delay of the transmitting end signal;
  • T_ref_total t3_ref+t4_ref-T_offset
  • t3_ref represents the reference delay of the user link
  • t4_ref represents the reference delay of the feeder link
  • T_offset represents the preset offset
  • T_total t3+t4-T_ref_total.
  • the determining unit 21 is further configured to:
  • each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the above-mentioned integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional unit.
  • the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the technical solution of this application essentially or the part that contributes to the existing technology or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium , Including a number of instructions to make a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) or a processor (processor) execute all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present application.
  • the aforementioned storage media include: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), magnetic disk or optical disk and other media that can store program code .
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a computing device, and the computing device may specifically be a desktop computer, a portable computer, a smart phone, a tablet computer, a personal digital assistant (Personal Digital Assistant, PDA), etc.
  • the computing device may include a central processing unit (CPU), a memory, an input/output device, etc.
  • the input device may include a keyboard, a mouse, a touch screen, etc.
  • an output device may include a display device, such as a liquid crystal display (Liquid Crystal Display, LCD), Cathode Ray Tube (CRT), etc.
  • the memory may include read-only memory (ROM) and random access memory (RAM), and provides the processor with program instructions and data stored in the memory.
  • ROM read-only memory
  • RAM random access memory
  • the memory may be used to store the program of any of the methods provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the processor calls the program instructions stored in the memory, and the processor is configured to execute any of the methods provided in the embodiments of the present application according to the obtained program instructions.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a computer storage medium for storing computer program instructions used by the device provided in the foregoing embodiment of the present application, which includes a program for executing any method provided in the foregoing embodiment of the present application.
  • the computer storage medium may be any available medium or data storage device that can be accessed by the computer, including but not limited to magnetic storage (such as floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape, magneto-optical disk (MO), etc.), optical storage (such as CD, DVD, BD, HVD, etc.), and semiconductor memory (such as ROM, EPROM, EEPROM, non-volatile memory (NAND FLASH), solid state drive (SSD)), etc.
  • magnetic storage such as floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape, magneto-optical disk (MO), etc.
  • optical storage such as CD, DVD, BD, HVD, etc.
  • semiconductor memory such as ROM, EPROM, EEPROM, non-volatile memory (NAND FLASH), solid state drive (SSD)
  • the method provided in the embodiments of the present application can be applied to terminal equipment, and can also be applied to network equipment.
  • the terminal equipment can also be called User Equipment (User Equipment, referred to as "UE"), Mobile Station (Mobile Station, referred to as “MS”), Mobile Terminal (Mobile Terminal), etc.
  • UE User Equipment
  • MS Mobile Station
  • Mobile Terminal Mobile Terminal
  • the terminal can It has the ability to communicate with one or more core networks via a Radio Access Network (RAN).
  • RAN Radio Access Network
  • the terminal can be a mobile phone (or called a "cellular" phone), or a mobile computer, etc.
  • the terminal may also be a portable, pocket-sized, handheld, computer built-in or vehicle-mounted mobile device.
  • the network device may be a base station (for example, an access point), which refers to a device that communicates with a wireless terminal through one or more sectors on an air interface in an access network.
  • the base station can be used to convert received air frames and IP packets into each other, and act as a router between the wireless terminal and the rest of the access network, where the rest of the access network can include an Internet Protocol (IP) network.
  • IP Internet Protocol
  • the base station can also coordinate the attribute management of the air interface.
  • the base station can be a base station (BTS, Base Transceiver Station) in GSM or CDMA, a base station (NodeB) in WCDMA, or an evolved base station (NodeB or eNB or e-NodeB, evolutional NodeB) in LTE. B), or it can also be gNB in the 5G system.
  • BTS Base Transceiver Station
  • NodeB base station
  • eNB evolved base station
  • e-NodeB evolutional NodeB
  • the processing flow of the above method can be implemented by a software program, which can be stored in a storage medium, and when the stored software program is called, the above method steps are executed.
  • the embodiments of the present application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present application may adopt the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Moreover, this application may adopt the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program codes.
  • a computer-usable storage media including but not limited to disk storage, optical storage, etc.
  • These computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can guide a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to work in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including the instruction device.
  • the device implements the functions specified in one process or multiple processes in the flowchart and/or one block or multiple blocks in the block diagram.
  • These computer program instructions can also be loaded on a computer or other programmable data processing equipment, so that a series of operation steps are executed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce computer-implemented processing, so as to execute on the computer or other programmable equipment.
  • the instructions provide steps for implementing functions specified in a flow or multiple flows in the flowchart and/or a block or multiple blocks in the block diagram.

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Abstract

本申请公开了一种时延补偿及其控制方法及装置，用以基于用户链路的相对时延和馈电链路的相对时延进行时延补偿，提供了NTN系统的一种上行定时机制，保证了NTN系统的同步建立过程的可靠性和后续数据传输过程的定时准确度。本申请提供的一种时延补偿方法，包括：确定需要对卫星通信系统NTN中的用户链路和馈电链路进行时延补偿；基于用户链路的相对时延和馈电链路的相对时延进行时延补偿。

Description

一种时延补偿及其控制方法及装置
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求在2019年04月08日提交中国专利局、申请号为201910276547.7、申请名称为“一种时延补偿及其控制方法及装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中；本申请要求在2019年04月30日提交中国专利局、申请号为201910360856.2、申请名称为“一种时延补偿及其控制方法及装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种时延补偿及其控制方法及装置。
背景技术
卫星通信系统(Non-terrestrial networks，NTN)具有远大于常规蜂窝通信系统的小区半径，引入了超大的传播时延，从而影响了随机接入过程和后续数据传输过程中的上行定时机制。
参见图1，针对卫星通信系统覆盖一个小区的特定下行波束，存在用户链路和馈电链路两种链路。其中，用户链路(Service link)指移动终端与卫星间的链路连接；馈电链路(Feeder link)指卫星与网关(或者信关站)间的链路连接。如图1所示，NTN系统存在两种类型的随机接入同步时延：第一部分是用户链路的绝对时延T1；第二部分是馈电链路的绝对时延T2。图1中的两种时延之和(T1+T2)取决于卫星的垂直高度，以及卫星距离用户设备(User Equipment，UE)和信关站的水平距离，典型取值为20ms以上。
新空口(New Radio，NR)系统中的物理随机接入信道(Physical Random Access CHannel，PRACH)、物理上行共享信道(Physical Uplink Shared CHannel，PUSCH)、物理上行链路控制信道(Physical Uplink Control CHannel，PUCCH)、 探测参考信号(Sounding Reference Signal，SRS)的CP长度介绍如下：
5G NR协议定义的PRACH随机接入序列(Preamble)格式由一个循环前缀(Cyclic Prefix，CP)和一个或者多个Preamble序列组成，每个Preamble序列占用一个PRACH正交频分复用(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing，OFDM)符号。保护时间(Guard Time，GT)在协议中没有显式地定义，而是通过PRACH Preamble所在的时隙和其它时隙对齐，隐含地包含在PRACH Preamble格式中。
下面的表1和表2分别给出了5G NR支持的长PRACH序列和短PRACH序列对应的PRACH CP长度。由表1和表2可知，最大的PRACH CP长度为0.684ms。
表1：长PRACH序列对应的PRACH CP长度
Figure PCTCN2020079367-appb-000001
表2：短PRACH序列对应的PRACH CP长度
Figure PCTCN2020079367-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2020079367-appb-000003
针对PUSCH、PUCCH和SRS，当子载波间隔SCS＝15KHz时，常规CP长度为144Ts＝4.69us，其中，1Ts＝1/30.72e6s；扩展CP长度为512Ts＝16.67us。
综上所述，在地面蜂窝通信系统中，通常采用绝对时延补偿方法，这在卫星通信系统中不太实用。由于NTN系统中的T1和T2取值较大，如果采用绝对时延补偿T1和T2的方案，会导致CP和GT开销过大，并且UE硬件实现的复杂度高。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供了一种时延补偿及其控制方法及装置，用以基于用户链路的相对时延和馈电链路的相对时延进行时延补偿，提供了NTN系统的一种上行定时机制，保证了NTN系统的同步建立过程的可靠性和后续数据传输过程的定时准确度。
在终端侧，本申请实施例提供的一种时延补偿方法，包括：
确定需要对卫星通信系统NTN中的用户链路和馈电链路进行时延补偿；
基于用户链路的相对时延和馈电链路的相对时延进行时延补偿。
本申请实施例基于用户链路的相对时延和馈电链路的相对时延进行时延补偿，提供了NTN系统的一种上行定时机制，保证了NTN系统的同步建立过程的可靠性和后续数据传输过程的定时准确度。
可选地，该方法还包括：
将用户链路的相对时延和馈电链路的相对时延上报给网络。
可选地，所述用户链路的相对时延是根据用户链路的参考距离或参考时延确定的。
可选地，采用如下公式确定所述用户链路的相对时延：
T3＝(d3-d3_ref)/c＝t3-t3_ref
其中，T3表示用户链路的相对时延；c表示光速；d3表示用户链路的绝对距离；t3＝d3/c，t3表示用户链路的绝对时延；d3_ref表示用户链路的参考距离；t3_ref＝d3_ref/c，t3_ref表示用户链路的参考时延。
可选地，采用以下四种方法之一获取所述用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref：
方法一、协议预先定义用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref为固定取值；
方法二、通过网络侧下发的广播信令或其他下行信令获取用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref；
方法三、协议预先定义用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref为与纬度关联的值；
方法四、根据星历信息获得用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref，其中，所述星历信息包含用于终端确定卫星精确位置的信息。
可选地，采用所述方法二时，参考距离d3_ref为卫星到达地面小区的最短距离或者参考距离d3_ref为卫星到达地面小区的最短距离减去一个与高度相关的距离偏移值，或者参考时延t3_ref为卫星到达地面小区的最短时延或者参考时延t3_ref为卫星到达地面小区的最短时延减去一个与高度相关的时延偏移值。
可选地，采用所述方法四时，根据星历信息获得卫星到达终端所在的地面小区的最短距离，将该最短距离作为参考距离d3_ref，或者，根据星历信息获得卫星到达终端所在的地面小区的最短时延，将该最短时延作为参考时延t3_ref。
可选地，所述馈电链路的相对时延是根据馈电链路的参考距离或参考时延确定的。
可选地，采用如下公式确定所述馈电链路的相对时延：
T4＝(d4-d4_ref)/c＝t4-t4_ref
其中，T4表示馈电链路的相对时延；c表示光速；d4表示馈电链路的绝对距离；t4＝d4/c，t4表示馈电链路的绝对时延；d4_ref表示馈电链路的参考距离；t4_ref＝d4_ref/c，t4_ref表示馈电链路的参考时延。
可选地，采用以下三种方法之一获取馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者参考时延t4_ref：
方法一、通过网络下发的广播信令或其他下行信令获取信关站的实际位置，根据信关站的实际位置确定馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者馈电链路的参考时延t4_ref；
方法二、通过网络下发的广播信令或其他下行信令获取馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者馈电链路的参考时延t4_ref；
方法三、协议预先定义馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者馈电链路的参考时延t4_ref为与纬度关联的值。
可选地，当采用所述方法一时：
根据信关站的实际位置，采用一个信关站关联的多个卫星的馈电链路的绝对距离或者绝对时延的最小值作为馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者馈电链路的参考时延t4_ref；或者，
通过信关站的实际位置和目标卫星的星历信息，确定馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者馈电链路的参考时延t4_ref。
可选地，所述基于用户链路的相对时延和馈电链路的相对时延进行时延补偿，具体包括：
采用如下公式计算总的相对时延补偿值T_total为：
T_total＝T3+T4+T_offset
其中，T3表示用户链路的相对时延，T4表示馈电链路的相对时延，T_offset表示预设偏移量；
基于所述总的相对时延补偿值T_total，进行发送端信号的时延补偿。
可选地，所述基于用户链路的相对时延和馈电链路的相对时延进行时延补偿，具体包括：
获取网络侧通知的参数T_ref_total，其中，T_ref_total＝t3_ref+t4_ref-T_offset，t3_ref表示用户链路的参考时延，t4_ref表示馈电链路的参考时延，T_offset表示预设偏移量；
利用所述T_ref_total，确定总的相对时延补偿值T_total，其中，T_total＝t3+t4-T_ref_total；
基于所述总的相对时延补偿值T_total，进行发送端信号的时延补偿。
相应地，在网络侧，本申请实施例提供的一种时延补偿控制方法包括：
确定用于指示终端基于卫星通信系统NTN中用户链路的相对时延和馈电链路的相对时延进行时延补偿的控制参数；
将所述控制参数通知给终端。
可选地，所述控制参数包括用于指示终端确定用户链路的相对时延的参数：用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref；
所述控制参数还包括用于指示终端确定馈电链路的相对时延的参数：馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者参考时延t4_ref。
可选地，将用于指示终端确定用户链路的相对时延的参数通知给终端具体包括：通过下发广播信令或其他下行信令，使得终端获取用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref。
可选地，将用于指示终端确定馈电链路的相对时延的参数通知给终端具体包括：
通过下发广播信令或其他下行信令辅助终端获取信关站的实际位置，然后使得该终端根据信关站的实际位置确定馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者馈电链路的参考时延t4_ref；
或者，通过下发广播信令或其他下行信令，使得终端获取馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者馈电链路的参考时延t4_ref。
可选地，当使用广播信令通知用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref，或者使用广播信令通知馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者馈电链路的参考时延t4_ref时，该方法还包括通知所述参考距离或者参考时延的生效时间起 点。
可选地，所述控制参数还包括预设偏移量T_offset，使得所述终端基于所述用户链路的相对时延、馈电链路的相对时延和偏移量T_offset，确定总的相对时延补偿值T_total，并基于T_total进行发送端信号的时延补偿。
可选地，所述控制参数包括T_ref_total，使得所述终端基于所述T_ref_total、所述用户链路的绝对时延和所述馈电链路的绝对时延，确定总的相对时延补偿值T_total，并基于T_total进行发送端信号的时延补偿；
其中，T_ref_total＝t3_ref+t4_ref-T_offset，t3_ref表示用户链路的参考时延，t4_ref表示馈电链路的参考时延，T_offset表示预设偏移量；T_total＝t3+t4-T_ref_total。
可选地，该方法还包括：
获取终端上报的用户链路的相对时延和馈电链路的相对时延。
在终端侧，本申请实施例提供的一种时延补偿装置，包括：
存储器，用于存储程序指令；
处理器，用于调用所述存储器中存储的程序指令，按照获得的程序执行：
确定需要对卫星通信系统NTN中的用户链路和馈电链路进行时延补偿；
基于用户链路的相对时延和馈电链路的相对时延进行时延补偿。
可选地，所述处理器还用于：
将用户链路的相对时延和馈电链路的相对时延上报给网络。
可选地，所述用户链路的相对时延是根据用户链路的参考距离或参考时延确定的。
可选地，采用如下公式确定所述用户链路的相对时延：
T3＝(d3-d3_ref)/c＝t3-t3_ref
其中，T3表示用户链路的相对时延；c表示光速；d3表示用户链路的绝对距离；t3＝d3/c，t3表示用户链路的绝对时延；d3_ref表示用户链路的参考距离；t3_ref＝d3_ref/c，t3_ref表示用户链路的参考时延。
可选地，采用以下四种方法之一获取所述用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或 者参考时延t3_ref：
方法一、协议预先定义用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref为固定取值；
方法二、通过网络侧下发的广播信令或其他下行信令获取用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref；
方法三、协议预先定义用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref为与纬度关联的值；
方法四、根据星历信息获得用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref，其中，所述星历信息包含用于终端确定卫星精确位置的信息。
可选地，采用所述方法二时，参考距离d3_ref为卫星到达地面小区的最短距离或者参考距离d3_ref为卫星到达地面小区的最短距离减去一个与高度相关的距离偏移值，或者参考时延t3_ref为卫星到达地面小区的最短时延或者参考时延t3_ref为卫星到达地面小区的最短时延减去一个与高度相关的时延偏移值。
可选地，采用所述方法四时，根据星历信息获得卫星到达终端所在的地面小区的最短距离，将该最短距离作为参考距离d3_ref，或者，根据星历信息获得卫星到达终端所在的地面小区的最短时延，将该最短时延作为参考时延t3_ref。
可选地，所述馈电链路的相对时延是根据馈电链路的参考距离或参考时延确定的。
可选地，采用如下公式确定所述馈电链路的相对时延：
T4＝(d4-d4_ref)/c＝t4-t4_ref
其中，T4表示馈电链路的相对时延；c表示光速；d4表示馈电链路的绝对距离；t4＝d4/c，t4表示馈电链路的绝对时延；d4_ref表示馈电链路的参考距离；t4_ref＝d4_ref/c，t4_ref表示馈电链路的参考时延。
可选地，采用以下三种方法之一获取馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者参考时延t4_ref：
方法一、通过网络下发的广播信令或其他下行信令获取信关站的实际位置，根据信关站的实际位置确定馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者馈电链路的参考时延t4_ref；
方法二、通过网络下发的广播信令或其他下行信令获取馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者馈电链路的参考时延t4_ref；
方法三、协议预先定义馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者馈电链路的参考时延t4_ref为与纬度关联的值。
可选地，当采用所述方法一时：
根据信关站的实际位置，采用一个信关站关联的多个卫星的馈电链路的绝对距离或者绝对时延的最小值作为馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者馈电链路的参考时延t4_ref；或者，
通过信关站的实际位置和目标卫星的星历信息，确定馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者馈电链路的参考时延t4_ref。
可选地，所述处理器具体用于：
采用如下公式计算总的相对时延补偿值T_total为：
T_total＝T3+T4+T_offset
其中，T3表示用户链路的相对时延，T4表示馈电链路的相对时延，T_offset表示预设偏移量；
基于所述总的相对时延补偿值T_total，进行发送端信号的时延补偿。
可选地，所述处理器具体用于：
获取网络侧通知的参数T_ref_total，其中，T_ref_total＝t3_ref+t4_ref-T_offset，t3_ref表示用户链路的参考时延，t4_ref表示馈电链路的参考时延，T_offset表示预设偏移量；
利用所述T_ref_total，确定总的相对时延补偿值T_total，其中，T_total＝t3+t4-T_ref_total；
基于所述总的相对时延补偿值T_total，进行发送端信号的时延补偿。
在网络侧，本申请实施例提供的一种时延补偿控制装置，包括：
存储器，用于存储程序指令；
处理器，用于调用所述存储器中存储的程序指令，按照获得的程序执行：
确定用于指示终端基于卫星通信系统NTN中用户链路的相对时延和馈电链路的相对时延进行时延补偿的控制参数；
将所述控制参数通知给终端。
可选地，所述控制参数包括用于指示终端确定用户链路的相对时延的参数：用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref；
所述控制参数还包括用于指示终端确定馈电链路的相对时延的参数：馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者参考时延t4_ref。
可选地，将用于指示终端确定用户链路的相对时延的参数通知给终端具体包括：通过下发广播信令或其他下行信令，使得终端获取用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref。
可选地，所述处理器具体用于：
通过下发广播信令或其他下行信令辅助终端获取信关站的实际位置，然后使得该终端根据信关站的实际位置确定馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者馈电链路的参考时延t4_ref；
或者，通过下发广播信令或其他下行信令，使得终端获取馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者馈电链路的参考时延t4_ref。
可选地，当所述处理器使用广播信令通知用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref，或者使用广播信令通知馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者馈电链路的参考时延t4_ref时，所述处理器还用于通知所述参考距离或者参考时延的生效时间起点。
可选地，所述控制参数还包括预设偏移量T_offset，使得所述终端基于所述用户链路的相对时延、馈电链路的相对时延和偏移量T_offset，确定总的相对时延补偿值T_total，并基于T_total进行发送端信号的时延补偿。
可选地，所述控制参数包括T_ref_total，使得所述终端基于所述T_ref_total、所述用户链路的绝对时延和所述馈电链路的绝对时延，确定总的相对时延补 偿值T_total，并基于T_total进行发送端信号的时延补偿；
其中，T_ref_total＝t3_ref+t4_ref-T_offset，t3_ref表示用户链路的参考时延，t4_ref表示馈电链路的参考时延，T_offset表示预设偏移量；T_total＝t3+t4-T_ref_total。
可选地，所述处理器还用于：
获取终端上报的用户链路的相对时延和馈电链路的相对时延。
在终端侧，本申请实施例提供的另一种时延补偿装置，包括：
确定单元，用于确定需要对卫星通信系统NTN中的用户链路和馈电链路进行时延补偿；
补偿单元，用于基于用户链路的相对时延和馈电链路的相对时延进行时延补偿。
可选地，所述确定单元还用于：
将用户链路的相对时延和馈电链路的相对时延上报给网络。
可选地，所述用户链路的相对时延是根据用户链路的参考距离或参考时延确定的。
可选地，采用如下公式确定所述用户链路的相对时延：
T3＝(d3-d3_ref)/c＝t3-t3_ref
其中，T3表示用户链路的相对时延；c表示光速；d3表示用户链路的绝对距离；t3＝d3/c，t3表示用户链路的绝对时延；d3_ref表示用户链路的参考距离；t3_ref＝d3_ref/c，t3_ref表示用户链路的参考时延。
可选地，采用以下四种方法之一获取所述用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref：
方法一、协议预先定义用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref为固定取值；
方法二、通过网络侧下发的广播信令或其他下行信令获取用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref；
方法三、协议预先定义用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref 为与纬度关联的值；
方法四、根据星历信息获得用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref，其中，所述星历信息包含用于终端确定卫星精确位置的信息。
可选地，采用所述方法二时，参考距离d3_ref为卫星到达地面小区的最短距离或者参考距离d3_ref为卫星到达地面小区的最短距离减去一个与高度相关的距离偏移值，或者参考时延t3_ref为卫星到达地面小区的最短时延或者参考时延t3_ref为卫星到达地面小区的最短时延减去一个与高度相关的时延偏移值。
可选地，采用所述方法四时，根据星历信息获得卫星到达终端所在的地面小区的最短距离，将该最短距离作为参考距离d3_ref，或者，根据星历信息获得卫星到达终端所在的地面小区的最短时延，将该最短时延作为参考时延t3_ref。
可选地，所述馈电链路的相对时延是根据馈电链路的参考距离或参考时延确定的。
可选地，采用如下公式确定所述馈电链路的相对时延：
T4＝(d4-d4_ref)/c＝t4-t4_ref
其中，T4表示馈电链路的相对时延；c表示光速；d4表示馈电链路的绝对距离；t4＝d4/c，t4表示馈电链路的绝对时延；d4_ref表示馈电链路的参考距离；t4_ref＝d4_ref/c，t4_ref表示馈电链路的参考时延。
可选地，采用以下三种方法之一获取馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者参考时延t4_ref：
方法一、通过网络下发的广播信令或其他下行信令获取信关站的实际位置，根据信关站的实际位置确定馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者馈电链路的参考时延t4_ref；
方法二、通过网络下发的广播信令或其他下行信令获取馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者馈电链路的参考时延t4_ref；
方法三、协议预先定义馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者馈电链路的参考 时延t4_ref为与纬度关联的值。
可选地，当采用所述方法一时：
根据信关站的实际位置，采用一个信关站关联的多个卫星的馈电链路的绝对距离或者绝对时延的最小值作为馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者馈电链路的参考时延t4_ref；或者，
通过信关站的实际位置和目标卫星的星历信息，确定馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者馈电链路的参考时延t4_ref。
可选地，所述补偿单元具体用于：
采用如下公式计算总的相对时延补偿值T_total为：
T_total＝T3+T4+T_offset
其中，T3表示用户链路的相对时延，T4表示馈电链路的相对时延，T_offset表示预设偏移量；
基于所述总的相对时延补偿值T_total，进行发送端信号的时延补偿。
可选地，所述补偿单元具体用于：
获取网络侧通知的参数T_ref_total，其中，T_ref_total＝t3_ref+t4_ref-T_offset，t3_ref表示用户链路的参考时延，t4_ref表示馈电链路的参考时延，T_offset表示预设偏移量；
利用所述T_ref_total，确定总的相对时延补偿值T_total，其中，T_total＝t3+t4-T_ref_total；
基于所述总的相对时延补偿值T_total，进行发送端信号的时延补偿。
在网络侧，本申请实施例提供的另一种时延补偿控制装置包括：
确定单元，用于确定用于指示终端基于卫星通信系统NTN中用户链路的相对时延和馈电链路的相对时延进行时延补偿的控制参数；
通知单元，用于将所述控制参数通知给终端。
可选地，所述控制参数包括用于指示终端确定用户链路的相对时延的参数：用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref；
所述控制参数还包括用于指示终端确定馈电链路的相对时延的参数：馈 电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者参考时延t4_ref。
可选地，将用于指示终端确定用户链路的相对时延的参数通知给终端具体包括：通过下发广播信令或其他下行信令，使得终端获取用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref。
可选地，所述确定单元具体用于：
通过下发广播信令或其他下行信令辅助终端获取信关站的实际位置，然后使得该终端根据信关站的实际位置确定馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者馈电链路的参考时延t4_ref；
或者，通过下发广播信令或其他下行信令，使得终端获取馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者馈电链路的参考时延t4_ref。
可选地，当所述处理器使用广播信令通知用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref，或者使用广播信令通知馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者馈电链路的参考时延t4_ref时，所述处理器还用于通知所述参考距离或者参考时延的生效时间起点。
可选地，所述控制参数还包括预设偏移量T_offset，使得所述终端基于所述用户链路的相对时延、馈电链路的相对时延和偏移量T_offset，确定总的相对时延补偿值T_total，并基于T_total进行发送端信号的时延补偿。
可选地，所述控制参数包括T_ref_total，使得所述终端基于所述T_ref_total、所述用户链路的绝对时延和所述馈电链路的绝对时延，确定总的相对时延补偿值T_total，并基于T_total进行发送端信号的时延补偿；
其中，T_ref_total＝t3_ref+t4_ref-T_offset，t3_ref表示用户链路的参考时延，t4_ref表示馈电链路的参考时延，T_offset表示预设偏移量；T_total＝t3+t4-T_ref_total。
可选地，所述确定单元还用于：
获取终端上报的用户链路的相对时延和馈电链路的相对时延。
本申请另一实施例提供了一种计算设备，其包括存储器和处理器，其中，所述存储器用于存储程序指令，所述处理器用于调用所述存储器中存储的程 序指令，按照获得的程序执行上述任一种方法。
本申请另一实施例提供了一种计算机存储介质，所述计算机存储介质存储有计算机可执行指令，所述计算机可执行指令用于使所述计算机执行上述任一种方法。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简要介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为现有技术中的NTN系统的时延示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的NTN系统的用户链路示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的NTN系统的馈电链路示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的NTN系统的馈电链路示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的NTN系统的馈电链路示意图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的NTN系统的用户链路示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的NTN系统的馈电链路示意图；
图8为本申请实施例提供的NTN系统的用户链路示意图；
图9为本申请实施例提供的终端侧的一种时延补偿方法的流程示意图；
图10为本申请实施例提供的网络侧的一种时延补偿控制方法的流程示意图；
图11为本申请实施例提供的终端侧的一种时延补偿装置的结构示意图；
图12为本申请实施例提供的网络侧的一种时延补偿控制装置的结构示意图；
图13为本申请实施例提供的终端侧的另一种时延补偿装置的结构示意图；
图14为本申请实施例提供的网络侧的另一种时延补偿控制装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，并不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
本申请实施例提供了一种时延补偿及其控制方法及装置，用以基于用户链路的相对时延和馈电链路的相对时延进行时延补偿，提供了NTN系统的一种上行定时机制，保证了NTN系统的同步建立过程的可靠性和后续数据传输过程的定时准确度。
其中，方法和装置是基于同一申请构思的，由于方法和装置解决问题的原理相似，因此装置和方法的实施可以相互参见，重复之处不再赘述。
本申请实施例提供的技术方案可以适用于多种系统，尤其是5G系统。例如适用的系统可以是全球移动通讯(global system of mobile communication，GSM)系统、码分多址(code division multiple access，CDMA)系统、宽带码分多址(Wideband Code Division Multiple Access，WCDMA)通用分组无线业务(general packet radio service，GPRS)系统、长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)系统、LTE频分双工(frequency division duplex，FDD)系统、LTE时分双工(time division duplex，TDD)、通用移动系统(universal mobile telecommunication system，UMTS)、全球互联微波接入(worldwide interoperability for microwave access，WiMAX)系统、5G系统以及5G NR系统等。这多种系统中均包括终端设备和网络设备。
本申请实施例涉及的终端设备，可以是指向用户提供语音和/或数据连通性的设备，具有无线连接功能的手持式设备、或连接到无线调制解调器的其他处理设备。在不同的系统中，终端设备的名称可能也不相同，例如在5G系统中，终端设备可以称为用户设备(user equipment，UE)。无线终端设备可以经RAN与一个或多个核心网进行通信，无线终端设备可以是移动终端设备，如移动电话(或称为“蜂窝”电话)和具有移动终端设备的计算机，例如，可以 是便携式、袖珍式、手持式、计算机内置的或者车载的移动装置，它们与无线接入网交换语言和/或数据。例如，个人通信业务(personal communication service，PCS)电话、无绳电话、会话发起协议(session initiated protocol，SIP)话机、无线本地环路(wireless local loop，WLL)站、个人数字助理(personal digital assistant，PDA)等设备。无线终端设备也可以称为系统、订户单元(subscriber unit)、订户站(subscriber station)，移动站(mobile station)、移动台(mobile)、远程站(remote station)、接入点(access point)、远程终端设备(remote terminal)、接入终端设备(access terminal)、用户终端设备(user terminal)、用户代理(user agent)、用户装置(user device)，本申请实施例中并不限定。
本申请实施例涉及的网络设备，可以是基站，该基站可以包括多个小区。根据具体应用场合不同，基站又可以称为接入点，或者可以是指接入网中在空中接口上通过一个或多个扇区与无线终端设备通信的设备，或者其它名称。网络设备可用于将收到的空中帧与网际协议(internet protocol，IP)分组进行相互转换，作为无线终端设备与接入网的其余部分之间的路由器，其中接入网的其余部分可包括网际协议(IP)通信网络。网络设备还可协调对空中接口的属性管理。例如，本申请实施例涉及的网络设备可以是GSM或CDMA中的网络设备(base transceiver station，BTS)，也可以是WCDMA中的网络设备(NodeB)，还可以是LTE系统中的演进型网络设备(evolutional node B，eNB或e-NodeB)、5G网络架构(next generation system)中的5G基站，也可是家庭演进基站(home evolved node B，HeNB)、中继节点(relay node)、家庭基站(femto)、微微基站(pico)等，本申请实施例中并不限定。
下面结合说明书附图对本申请各个实施例进行详细描述。需要说明的是，本申请实施例的展示顺序仅代表实施例的先后顺序，并不代表实施例所提供的技术方案的优劣。
本申请实施例设计了一种NTN系统的上行定时机制。核心思想是：UE补偿用户链路的相对时延和馈电链路的相对时延，信关站(包含gNB)不做 补偿。其中，补偿实施可以包括两个步骤：一个是用户级时延补偿，针对同一个小区内的不同用户在用户链路的时延差异；另一个是小区级时延补偿，针对同一个小区内所有用户的馈电链路进行共同补偿。其中，可以基于相对时延进行直接补偿，也可以基于相对时延额外补偿一个偏移值，使得所有用户的信号到达信关站时和整数倍时隙对齐。
需要说明的是，信关站是物理实体，网关和gNB是逻辑功能实体，gNB负责控制调度功能，网关是信号转发实体，后续如果没有特别说明，信关站包含网关和gNB的两种功能实体。
本申请实施例中，终端把用户链路的相对时延T3和馈电链路的相对时延T4上报给网络。具体有以下两点原因：
第一，如果终端没有上报给网络，则终端在自行补偿该相对时延后，网络侧无法获得定时后的真实TA值，对完成随机接入过程的后续上行数据传输的调度带来了困难；
第二，在传统的地面通信系统中，网络(gNB)进行TA维护，因而无需终端进行TA上报。此外，由于终端无法获得当前小区的半径大小，上报TA值不具备可行性。
下面分别给出用户链路的相对时延T3和馈电链路的相对时延T4的计算方案：
A)用户链路的相对时延T3
定义用户链路的相对时延T3为用户链路的绝对距离与用户链路的参考距离的差值再除以光速，即
T3＝(d3-d3_ref)/c＝t3-t3_ref          (1)
其中，c表示光速，取值为3.0*10^8(米/秒)；d3表示用户链路的绝对距离，即卫星到达用户的直线连接距离；t3＝d3/c，t3表示用户链路的绝对时延，对应于图1中的T1；d3_ref表示用户链路的参考距离，即卫星到达覆盖区域中的某一个位置的直线连接距离，其中，该位置可以位于地面或者空中任意一个位置；t3_ref＝d3_ref/c，t3_ref表示用户链路的参考时延。
用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref可以采用以下四种方法之一获取：
Method A.1)、协议预先定义用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref为一个固定取值，优选地，可以采用基于卫星的固定值或者基于小区的固定值。
Method A.2)、UE通过网络侧下发的广播信令或其他下行信令获取用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref，优选地，采用卫星到达地面小区的最短距离作为参考距离d3_ref，或者卫星到达地面小区的最短时延作为参考时延t3_ref。
Method A.3)、协议预先定义用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref为与纬度关联的值，UE根据当前所在的纬度位置来获取当前的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref。
Method A.4)、UE根据星历信息获得用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref，优选地，UE根据星历信息获得卫星到达本UE所在的地面小区的最短距离作为参考距离d3_ref，或者UE根据星历信息获得卫星到达本UE所在的地面小区的最短时延作为参考时延t3_ref。
其中，关于星历信息，卫星的轨道模型也叫星历模型，提供了用于让终端确定卫星的精确位置的信息，以使终端能够进行卫星锁定和定位。相关参数是辅助数据中的重要内容之一。
B)馈电链路的相对时延T4
定义馈电链路的相对时延T4为馈电链路的绝对距离与馈电链路的参考距离的差值再除以光速，即
T4＝(d4-d4_ref)/c＝t4-t4_ref           (2)
其中，c表示光速，取值为3.0*10^8(米/秒)；d4表示馈电链路的绝对距离，即信关站到达目标卫星的直线连接距离；t4＝d4/c，t4表示馈电链路的绝对时延，对应于图1中的T2；d4_ref表示馈电链路的参考距离，考虑到同一个卫星在不同时刻的轨道位置不同，并且不同的卫星在同一个时刻的轨道位 置也不相同，因此，馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref可以定义为信关站到达目标卫星轨道上的某一个点的直线连接距离，或者定义为在某一时刻信关站到达某个卫星的直线连接距离；或者定义为基于信关站和卫星之间的绝对距离推导出的一个参考距离，具体实现方式或算法可以根据实际需要而定。t4_ref＝d4_ref/c，t4_ref表示馈电链路的参考时延。
馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者参考时延t4_ref可以采用以下三种方法之一获取。
Method B.1)、UE通过网络侧下发的广播信令或其他下行信令获取信关站(包含gNB)的实际位置，基于该信关站的实际位置确定馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者参考时延t4_ref，该方法进一步可以包含两种情况：
CASE B.1-1：当一个信关站关联到多个卫星时，为了保证来自于不同卫星的馈电链路在信关站的上行接收信号同时到达，采用一个信关站关联的多个卫星的馈电链路绝对距离或者绝对时延的最小值作为参考距离d4_ref或者参考时延t4_ref；
CASE B.1-2：当一个信关站关联到一个卫星时，并且同一个目标卫星在不同的时刻到达信关站的距离发生变化时，UE通过信关站的位置和目标卫星的星历信息，可以预估出馈电链路绝对距离的变化来补偿，以保证来自于同一个目标卫星的不同时刻的馈电链路在信关站的上行接收信号同时到达。
假设t1表示信关站发送该广播信令的时刻，t2表示UE接收到该广播信令的时刻，t2＝t1+delta_t，其中，delta_t表示该广播信令从信关站发送到UE经过的空口时延。此时，公式(2)中的d4表示t2时刻目标卫星到达信关站的馈电链路的直线连接距离，t4＝d4/c表示t2时刻馈电链路的绝对时延；d4_ref表示t1时刻目标卫星到达信关站的馈电链路的直线连接距离，t4_ref＝d4_ref/c表示t1时刻馈电链路的参考时延。
CASE B.1-3：当一个信关站关联到一个卫星时，参考距离d4_ref或者参考时延t4_ref可以为0，此时，馈电链路的相对时延T4等于馈电链路的绝对时延t4。当用户链路的参考时延和馈电链路的参考时延同时为0时，NTN系 统中UE的子帧定时关系和网络的子帧定时关系保持一致。
Method B.2)、UE通过网络侧下发的广播信令或其他下行信令获取信关站(包含gNB)到卫星的馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者参考时延t4_ref。
Method B.3)、协议预先定义馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者参考时延t4_ref为与纬度关联的值，UE根据当前所在的纬度位置来获取当前的参考距离d4_ref或者参考时延t4_ref。
上述三种方法中，Method B.1)适用于PUSCH/PUCCH/SRS采用常规CP格式，Method B.2)和Method B.3)适用于PUSCH/PUCCH/SRS采用扩展CP格式。
针对上述计算用户链路的参考距离或者参考时延的Method A的四种方法和计算馈电链路的参考距离或者参考时延的Method B包含的三种方法，通过两两组合可以得到十二种方案。
C)UE基于用户链路的相对时延和馈电链路的相对时延进行时延补偿的方法：
UE根据A)和B)获得的用户链路的相对时延T3和馈电链路的相对时延T4，进行时延补偿，包括：
针对用户链路的相对时延T3和馈电链路的相对时延T4的加和(T3+T4)基础上再添加一个偏移量T_offset，即总时延补偿值T_total为：
T_total＝T3+T4+T_offset           (3)
其中，偏移值T_offset的作用是使得所有用户的信号到达信关站的时刻和整数倍时隙对齐，T_offset可以是用户单独计算得到或者通过网络侧的广播信令或其他下行信令通知。
或者，获取网络侧通知的参数T_ref_total，其中，T_ref_total＝t3_ref+t4_ref-T_offset，t3_ref表示用户链路的参考时延，t4_ref表示馈电链路的参考时延，T_offset表示预设偏移量；利用所述T_ref_total，确定总的相对时延补偿值T_total，其中，T_total＝t3+t4-T_ref_total；
UE基于总的相对时延补偿值T_total进行发送端信号的时延补偿。
也就是说，本申请实施例中，网络侧可以采用下列两种方法通知用于指示终端基于卫星通信系统NTN中用户链路的相对时延和馈电链路的相对时延进行时延补偿的控制参数：
方法1：分别单独通知用户的用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref、馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者参考时延t4_ref、偏移值T_offset；
方法2：直接通知用户的用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref，和馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者参考时延t4_ref和偏移值T_offset的累加值，即T_ref_total＝t3_ref+t4_ref-T_offset。当采用此方法时，无需终端分别确定用户链路的相对时延T3和馈电链路的相对时延T4，根据下面公式T_total＝t3+t4-T_ref_total直接计算得到T_total。
下面给出几个具体实施例。
实施例1：UE采用方法Method A.1)补偿用户链路的相对时延+UE采用方法Method B.1)补偿馈电链路的相对时延。
实施例1中，UE的相对时延补偿采用方法Method A.1)和方法Method B.1)的组合。
A)用户链路的相对时延T3：
终端把用户链路的相对时延T3上报给网络。
定义用户链路的相对时延T3为用户链路的绝对距离d3与用户链路的参考距离d3_ref的差值再除以光速c，即T3＝(d3-d3_ref)/c＝t3-t3_ref。其中，用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref采用上述方法Method A.1)获取，即协议预先定义UE到卫星直线连接距离上的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref为一个固定取值，优选地，可以采用基于卫星的固定值或者基于小区的固定值；或者，参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref也可以为0。其中，参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref取值为0时，用户链路的相对时延T3等于用户链路的绝对时延t3。当用户链路的参考时延和馈电链路的参考时延同时为0时，NTN系统中UE的子帧定时关系和网络的子帧定时关系保持一致。
如图2所示，基于小区的固定值，即在同一个小区内，用户链路的参考 距离d3_ref表示卫星到地面的同一个小区内的最短距离。图2中，所有用户都位于地面小区，h表示卫星到达地面的垂直距离，α 1表示卫星到达地面小区的最近距离点的最大俯仰角，α 2表示卫星到达地面小区的最远距离点的最小俯仰角，S max表示小区半径的2倍，a 1是卫星到达地面小区的最近距离点和卫星到达地面的垂直距离点的距离，a 2是卫星到达地面小区的最远距离点和卫星到达地面的垂直距离点的距离。
B)馈电链路的相对时延T4：
终端将馈电链路的相对时延T4上报给网络。
定义馈电链路的相对时延T4为馈电链路的绝对距离d4与馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref的差值再除以光速c，即T4＝(d4-d4_ref)/c＝t4-t4_ref。
其中，馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者参考时延t4_ref采用方法Method B.1获取，即UE通过网络侧下发的广播信令或者其他下行信令获取信关站(gNB)的实际位置，本方法适用于PUSCH/PUCCH/SRS采用常规CP格式。
CASE B.1-1)：当一个信关站关联到多个卫星时，为了保证来自于不同卫星的馈电链路在信关站的上行接收信号同时到达，以一个信关站关联的多个卫星的馈电链路的绝对距离或者绝对时延的最小值作为参考距离d4_ref或者参考时延t4_ref。如图3所示，一个信关站关联到两个卫星，卫星2到达信关站的馈电链路的绝对距离小于卫星1到达信关站的馈电链路的绝对距离。因此，选择卫星2到达信关站的馈电链路的绝对距离为馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref。对于卫星2，馈电链路的相对时延T4＝(d4(卫星2)-d4_ref(卫星2))/c＝0；对于卫星1，馈电链路的相对时延T4＝(d4(卫星1)-d4_ref(卫星2))/c＝(d4-d4_ref)/c＝t4-t4_ref。
CASE B.1-2：当同一个目标卫星在不同的时刻到达信关站的距离发生变化时，UE通过信关站的位置和目标卫星的星历信息，可以预估出馈电链路距离的变化来补偿，以保证来自于同一个目标卫星的不同时刻的馈电链路在信关站的上行接收信号同时到达。如图4所示，假设t1表示信关站发送该广播 信令的时刻，t2表示UE接收到该广播信令的时刻，t2＝t1+delta_t，其中，delta_t表示该广播信令从信关站发送到UE经过的空口时延。此时，公式(2)中的d4表示t2时刻目标卫星到达信关站的馈电链路的直线连接距离，d4_ref表示t1时刻目标卫星到达信关站的馈电链路的直线连接距离。
进一步的，在用户发送上行信号到信关站时，除了考虑网络侧下发的广播信令或者其他下行信令的指示进行时延补偿，并考虑用户上行信号到达信关站后的延迟时间进行预补偿。
进一步的，在用户收到上一次广播信令或者其他下行信令的时刻和下一次广播信令或者其他下行信令的时刻之间，用户采用上次广播信令或者其他下行信令通知的参考时延进行补偿，或者用户基于在同一个信关站两次广播信令或者其他下行信令的指示时延进行插值，获得用户在任意时刻发送上行信号需要的定时补偿。
CASE B.1-3：如图5所示，当一个信关站关联到一个卫星时，参考距离d4_ref或者参考时延t4_ref可以为0，此时，馈电链路的相对时延T4等于馈电链路的绝对时延t4。当用户链路的参考时延和馈电链路的参考时延同时为0时，NTN系统中UE的子帧定时关系和网络的子帧定时关系保持一致。
实施例2：UE采用方法Method A.1)补偿用户链路的相对时延+UE采用方法Method B.2)补偿馈电链路的相对时延。
实施例2中，UE的相对时延补偿采用方法Method A.1)和方法Method B.2)的组合。
A)用户链路的相对时延T3：
终端把用户链路的相对时延T3上报给网络。
定义用户链路的相对时延T3为用户链路的绝对距离d3与用户链路的参考距离d3_ref的差值再除以光速c，即T3＝(d3-d3_ref)/c＝t3-t3_ref。其中，用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref采用方法Method A.1)获取，即协议预先定义UE到卫星直线连接距离上的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref为一个固定取值，优选地，可以采用基于卫星的固定值或者基于小区的 固定值。
如图6所示，考虑UE位于高空中，参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref是基于卫星的固定值。图6中，所有用户都位于空中某一高度上的小区，h表示空中某一个高度上的小区到达地面的垂直距离，S max表示小区半径的2倍。
B)馈电链路的相对时延T4：
终端将馈电链路的相对时延T4上报给网络。
定义馈电链路的相对时延T4为馈电链路的绝对距离d4与馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref的差值再除以光速c，即T4＝(d4-d4_ref)/c＝t4-t4_ref。其中，馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref采用方法Method B.2获取，即UE通过网络侧下发的广播信令或者下行信令获取信关站(gNB)到卫星的馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者参考时延t4_ref，本方法适用于PUSCH/PUCCH/SRS采用扩展CP格式。
如图4所示，假设t1表示信关站发送该广播信令或者下行信令的时刻，t2表示UE接收到该广播信令或者下行信令的时刻，t2＝t1+delta_t，其中，delta_t表示该广播信令或者下行信令从信关站发送到UE经过的空口时延。信关站通过卫星1的星历表信息获知t1时刻的信关站到达卫星1的馈电链路的直线连接距离d4_ref和表示t2时刻目标卫星到达信关站的馈电链路的直线连接距离d4，并且信关站把d4_ref和d4都通知给UE，UE根据上述公式(2)计算可得馈电链路的相对时延T4；或者信关站直接把计算得到的馈电链路的相对时延T4通知UE。
进一步的，在用户发送上行信号到信关站时，除了考虑网络侧下发的广播信令或者下行信令的指示进行时延补偿，并考虑用户上行信号到达信关站后的延迟时间进行预补偿。
进一步的，在用户收到上一次广播信令或者下行信令的时刻和下一次广播信令或者下行信令的时刻之间，用户采用上次广播信令或者下行信令通知的参考时延进行补偿，或者用户基于在同一个信关站两次广播信令或者下行 信令的指示时延进行插值，获得用户在任意时刻发送上行信号需要的定时补偿。
实施例3：UE采用方法Method A.1)补偿用户链路的相对时延+UE采用Method B.3)补偿馈电链路的相对时延。
实施例3中，UE的相对时延补偿采用方法Method A.1)和方法Method B.3)的组合。
A)用户链路的相对时延T3：具体内容同实施例1和实施例2。
B)馈电链路的相对时延T4：
终端将馈电链路的相对时延T4上报给网络。
定义馈电链路的相对时延T4为馈电链路的绝对距离d4与馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref的差值再除以光速c，即T4＝(d4-d4_ref)/c＝t4-t4_ref。
其中，馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者参考时延t4_ref采用方法Method B.3获取，即协议预先定义信关站(gNB)到卫星的直线连接距离上的参考距离d4_ref或者参考时延t4_ref为与纬度关联的值，UE根据当前所在的纬度位置来获取当前的参考距离d4_ref或者参考时延t4_ref，本方法适用于PUSCH/PUCCH/SRS采用扩展CP格式。
如图7所示，在三个不同的纬度1、纬度2、纬度3上，分别定义不同的馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者参考时延t4_ref。
实施例4：UE采用方法Method A.2)补偿用户链路的相对时延+UE采用方法Method B.1)补偿馈电链路的相对时延。
实施例4中，UE的相对时延补偿采用方法Method A.2)和方法Method B.1)的组合。
A)用户链路的相对时延T3：
终端把用户链路的相对时延T3上报给网络。
定义用户链路的相对时延T3为用户链路的绝对距离d3与用户链路的参考距离d3_ref的差值再除以光速c，即T3＝(d3-d3_ref)/c＝t3-t3_ref。其中，用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref采用方法Method A.2)获取， 即UE通过网络侧下发的广播信令或其他下行信令获取UE到卫星直线连接距离上的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref，优选地，采用卫星到达地面小区的最短距离或者最短时延作为参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref。
本实施例4与实施例1的区别是实施例1中，参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref是协议预先定义；而在实施例4中，UE通过网络侧下发的广播信令或其他下行信令获取参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref。
B)馈电链路的相对时延T4：具体内容同实施例1。
实施例5：UE采用方法Method A.2)补偿用户链路的相对时延+UE采用方法Method B.2)补偿馈电链路的相对时延。
实施例5中，UE的相对时延补偿采用方法Method A.2)和方法Method B.2)的组合。
A)用户链路的相对时延T3：
终端把用户链路的相对时延T3上报给网络。
定义用户链路的相对时延T3为用户链路的绝对距离d3与用户链路的参考距离d3_ref的差值再除以光速c，即T3＝(d3-d3_ref)/c＝t3-t3_ref。其中，用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref采用方法Method A.2)获取，即UE通过广播信令获取UE到卫星直线连接距离上的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref，优选地，采用卫星到达地面小区的最短距离或者最短时延作为参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref。
本实施例5与实施例2的区别是实施例2中，参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref是协议预先定义；而在实施例5中，UE通过网络侧下发的广播信令获取参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref。
B)馈电链路的相对时延T4：具体内容同实施例2。
实施例6：UE采用方法Method A.2)补偿用户链路的相对时延+UE采用方法Method B.3)补偿馈电链路的相对时延。
实施例6中，UE的相对时延补偿采用方法Method A.2)和方法Method B.3)的组合。
A)用户链路的相对时延T3：
终端把用户链路的相对时延T3上报给网络。
定义用户链路的相对时延T3为用户链路的绝对距离d3与用户链路的参考距离d3_ref的差值再除以光速c，即T3＝(d3-d3_ref)/c＝t3-t3_ref。其中，用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref采用Method A.2)获取，即UE通过广播信令获取UE到卫星直线连接距离上的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref，优选地，采用卫星到达地面小区的最短距离或者最短时延作为参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref。
本实施例6与实施例3的区别是：实施例3中，参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref是协议预先定义；而在实施例6中，UE通过网络侧下发的广播信令获取参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref。
B)馈电链路的相对时延T4：具体内容同实施例3。
实施例7：UE采用方法Method A.3)补偿用户链路的相对时延+UE采用方法Method B.1)补偿馈电链路的相对时延。
实施例7中，UE的相对时延补偿采用方法Method A.3)和方法Method B.1)的组合。
A)用户链路的相对时延T3：
终端把用户链路的相对时延T3上报给网络。
定义用户链路的相对时延T3为用户链路的绝对距离d3与用户链路的参考距离d3_ref的差值再除以光速c，即T3＝(d3-d3_ref)/c＝t3-t3_ref。其中，用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref采用Method A.3)获取，即协议预先定义UE到卫星直线连接距离上的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref为与纬度关联的值，UE根据当前所在的纬度位置来获取当前的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref。
如图8所示，在三个不同的纬度1、纬度2和纬度3上，分别定义不同的用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref。
B)馈电链路的相对时延T4：具体内容同实施例1。
实施例8：UE采用方法Method A.3)补偿用户链路的相对时延+UE采用方法Method B.2)补偿馈电链路的相对时延。
实施例8中，UE的相对时延补偿采用方法Method A.3)和方法Method B.2)的组合。
A)用户链路的相对时延T3：
终端把用户链路的相对时延T3上报给网络。
定义用户链路的相对时延T3为用户链路的绝对距离d3与用户链路的参考距离d3_ref的差值再除以光速c，即T3＝(d3-d3_ref)/c＝t3-t3_ref。其中，用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref采用方法Method A.3)获取，即协议预先定义UE到卫星直线连接距离上的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref为与纬度关联的值，UE根据当前所在的纬度位置来获取当前的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref。如图8所示，在三个不同纬度1、纬度2和纬度3上，分别定义不同的用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref。
B)馈电链路的相对时延T4：具体内容同实施例2。
实施例9：UE采用方法Method A.3)补偿用户链路的相对时延+UE采用方法Method B.3)补偿馈电链路的相对时延。
实施例9中，UE的相对时延补偿采用方法Method A.3)和方法Method B.3)的组合。
A)用户链路的相对时延T3：
终端把用户链路的相对时延T3上报给网络。
定义用户链路的相对时延T3为用户链路的绝对距离d3与用户链路的参考距离d3_ref的差值再除以光速c，即T3＝(d3-d3_ref)/c＝t3-t3_ref。其中，用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref采用方法Method A.3)获取，即协议预先定义UE到卫星直线连接距离上的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref为与纬度关联的值，UE根据当前所在的纬度位置来获取当前的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref。如图8所示，在三个不同纬度1、纬度2和纬度3上，分别定义不同的用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref。
B)馈电链路的相对时延T4：具体内容同实施例3。
综上所述，参见图9，在终端侧，本申请实施例提供的一种时延补偿方法，包括：
S101、确定需要对卫星通信系统NTN中的用户链路和馈电链路进行时延补偿；
例如，当需要传输数据的时候，确定需要对卫星通信系统NTN中的用户链路和馈电链路进行时延补偿，或者基于其他方式的触发，终端确定需要对卫星通信系统NTN中的用户链路和馈电链路进行时延补偿，具体该步骤如何实现本申请实施例中不进行限定。
S102、基于用户链路的相对时延和馈电链路的相对时延进行时延补偿。
本申请实施例基于用户链路的相对时延和馈电链路的相对时延进行时延补偿，提供了NTN系统的一种上行定时机制，保证了NTN系统的同步建立过程的可靠性和后续数据传输过程的定时准确度。
可选地，该方法还包括：
将用户链路的相对时延和馈电链路的相对时延上报给网络。
可选地，所述用户链路的相对时延是根据用户链路的参考距离或参考时延确定的。
可选地，采用如下公式确定所述用户链路的相对时延：
T3＝(d3-d3_ref)/c＝t3-t3_ref
其中，T3表示用户链路的相对时延；c表示光速；d3表示用户链路的绝对距离；t3＝d3/c，t3表示用户链路的绝对时延；d3_ref表示用户链路的参考距离；t3_ref＝d3_ref/c，t3_ref表示用户链路的参考时延。
可选地，采用以下四种方法之一获取所述用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref：
方法一、协议预先定义用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref为固定取值；
方法二、通过网络侧下发的广播信令或其他下行信令获取用户链路的参 考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref；
方法三、协议预先定义用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref为与纬度关联的值；
方法四、根据星历信息获得用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref，其中，所述星历信息包含用于终端确定卫星精确位置的信息。
可选地，采用所述方法二时，参考距离d3_ref为卫星到达地面小区的最短距离或者参考距离d3_ref为卫星到达地面小区的最短距离减去一个与高度相关的距离偏移值，或者参考时延t3_ref为卫星到达地面小区的最短时延或者参考时延t3_ref为卫星到达地面小区的最短时延减去一个与高度相关的时延偏移值。例如：不同的高度H对应于不同的时延偏移值。H1对应t_offset1，H2对应t_offset2。
可选地，采用所述方法四时，根据星历信息获得卫星到达终端所在的地面小区的最短距离，将该最短距离作为参考距离d3_ref，或者，根据星历信息获得卫星到达终端所在的地面小区的最短时延，将该最短时延作为参考时延t3_ref。
可选地，所述馈电链路的相对时延是根据馈电链路的参考距离或参考时延确定的。
可选地，采用如下公式确定所述馈电链路的相对时延：
T4＝(d4-d4_ref)/c＝t4-t4_ref
其中，T4表示馈电链路的相对时延；c表示光速；d4表示馈电链路的绝对距离；t4＝d4/c，t4表示馈电链路的绝对时延；d4_ref表示馈电链路的参考距离；t4_ref＝d4_ref/c，t4_ref表示馈电链路的参考时延。
可选地，采用以下三种方法之一获取馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者参考时延t4_ref：
方法一、通过网络下发的广播信令或其他下行信令获取信关站的实际位置，根据信关站的实际位置确定馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者馈电链路的参考时延t4_ref；
方法二、通过网络下发的广播信令或其他下行信令获取馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者馈电链路的参考时延t4_ref；
方法三、协议预先定义馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者馈电链路的参考时延t4_ref为与纬度关联的值。
可选地，当采用所述方法一时：
根据信关站的实际位置，采用一个信关站关联的多个卫星的馈电链路的绝对距离或者绝对时延的最小值作为馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者馈电链路的参考时延t4_ref；或者，
通过信关站的实际位置和目标卫星的星历信息，确定馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者馈电链路的参考时延t4_ref。
可选地，所述基于用户链路的相对时延和馈电链路的相对时延进行时延补偿，具体包括：
采用如下公式计算总的相对时延补偿值T_total为：
T_total＝T3+T4+T_offset
其中，T3表示用户链路的相对时延，T4表示馈电链路的相对时延，T_offset表示预设偏移量；
基于所述总的相对时延补偿值T_total，进行发送端信号的时延补偿。
可选地，作为另一种实现方式，所述基于用户链路的相对时延和馈电链路的相对时延进行时延补偿，具体包括：
获取网络侧通知的参数T_ref_total，其中，T_ref_total＝t3_ref+t4_ref-T_offset，t3_ref表示用户链路的参考时延，t4_ref表示馈电链路的参考时延，T_offset表示预设偏移量；
利用所述T_ref_total，确定总的相对时延补偿值T_total，其中，T_total＝t3+t4-T_ref_total；
基于所述总的相对时延补偿值T_total，进行发送端信号的时延补偿。
此时终端无需单独确定用户链路的相对时延和馈电链路的相对时延具体是多少，可以直接基于T_ref_total确定T_total。
相应地，在网络侧，参见图10，本申请实施例提供的一种时延补偿控制方法包括：
S201、确定用于指示终端基于卫星通信系统NTN中用户链路的相对时延和馈电链路的相对时延进行时延补偿的控制参数；
S202、将所述控制参数通知给终端。
可选地，所述控制参数包括用于指示终端确定用户链路的相对时延的参数：用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref；
所述控制参数还包括用于指示终端确定馈电链路的相对时延的参数：馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者参考时延t4_ref。
可选地，将用于指示终端确定用户链路的相对时延的参数通知给终端具体包括：通过下发广播信令或其他下行信令，使得终端获取用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref。
可选地，将用于指示终端确定馈电链路的相对时延的参数通知给终端具体包括：
通过下发广播信令或其他下行信令辅助终端获取信关站的实际位置，然后使得该终端根据信关站的实际位置确定馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者馈电链路的参考时延t4_ref；
或者，通过下发广播信令或其他下行信令，使得终端获取馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者馈电链路的参考时延t4_ref。
可选地，当使用广播信令通知用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者用户链路的参考时延t3_ref，或者使用广播信令通知馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者馈电链路的参考时延t4_ref时，该方法还包括通知所述参考距离(包括用户链路的参考距离d3_ref、和/或馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref)或者参考时延(用户链路的参考时延t3_ref、和/或馈电链路的参考时延t4_ref)的生效时间起点(例如时间戳)，具体的通知方式，例如也可以采用广播信令或者其他下行信令。
可选地，所述控制参数还包括预设偏移量T_offset，使得所述终端基于所述用户链路的相对时延、馈电链路的相对时延和偏移量T_offset，确定总的相 对时延补偿值T_total，并基于T_total进行发送端信号的时延补偿。
可选地，作为另一种方式，所述控制参数包括T_ref_total，使得所述终端基于所述T_ref_total、所述用户链路的绝对时延和所述馈电链路的绝对时延，确定总的相对时延补偿值T_total，并基于T_total进行发送端信号的时延补偿；
其中，T_ref_total＝t3_ref+t4_ref-T_offset，t3_ref表示用户链路的参考时延，t4_ref表示馈电链路的参考时延，T_offset表示预设偏移量；T_total＝t3+t4-T_ref_total。
可选地，该方法还包括：
获取终端上报的用户链路的相对时延和馈电链路的相对时延。
在终端侧，参见图11，本申请实施例提供的一种时延补偿装置，包括：
存储器620，用于存储程序指令；
处理器600，用于调用所述存储器中存储的程序指令，按照获得的程序执行：
确定需要对卫星通信系统NTN中的用户链路和馈电链路进行时延补偿；
基于用户链路的相对时延和馈电链路的相对时延进行时延补偿。
可选地，所述处理器600还用于按照获得的程序执行：将用户链路的相对时延和馈电链路的相对时延上报给网络。
可选地，所述用户链路的相对时延是根据用户链路的参考距离或参考时延确定的。
可选地，采用如下公式确定所述用户链路的相对时延：
T3＝(d3-d3_ref)/c＝t3-t3_ref
其中，T3表示用户链路的相对时延；c表示光速；d3表示用户链路的绝对距离；t3＝d3/c，t3表示用户链路的绝对时延；d3_ref表示用户链路的参考距离；t3_ref＝d3_ref/c，t3_ref表示用户链路的参考时延。
可选地，采用以下四种方法之一获取所述用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref：
方法一、协议预先定义用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref 为固定取值；
方法二、通过网络侧下发的广播信令或其他下行信令获取用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref；
方法三、协议预先定义用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref为与纬度关联的值；
方法四、根据星历信息获得用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref，其中，所述星历信息包含用于终端确定卫星精确位置的信息。
可选地，采用所述方法二时，参考距离d3_ref为卫星到达地面小区的最短距离或者参考距离d3_ref为卫星到达地面小区的最短距离减去一个与高度相关的距离偏移值，或者参考时延t3_ref为卫星到达地面小区的最短时延或者参考时延t3_ref为卫星到达地面小区的最短时延减去一个与高度相关的时延偏移值。
可选地，采用所述方法四时，根据星历信息获得卫星到达终端所在的地面小区的最短距离，将该最短距离作为参考距离d3_ref，或者，根据星历信息获得卫星到达终端所在的地面小区的最短时延，将该最短时延作为参考时延t3_ref。
可选地，所述馈电链路的相对时延是根据馈电链路的参考距离或参考时延确定的。
可选地，采用如下公式确定所述馈电链路的相对时延：
T4＝(d4-d4_ref)/c＝t4-t4_ref
其中，T4表示馈电链路的相对时延；c表示光速；d4表示馈电链路的绝对距离；t4＝d4/c，t4表示馈电链路的绝对时延；d4_ref表示馈电链路的参考距离；t4_ref＝d4_ref/c，t4_ref表示馈电链路的参考时延。
可选地，采用以下三种方法之一获取馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者参考时延t4_ref：
方法一、通过网络下发的广播信令或其他下行信令获取信关站的实际位置，根据信关站的实际位置确定馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者馈电链路的 参考时延t4_ref；
方法二、通过网络下发的广播信令或其他下行信令获取馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者馈电链路的参考时延t4_ref；
方法三、协议预先定义馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者馈电链路的参考时延t4_ref为与纬度关联的值。
可选地，当采用所述方法一时：
根据信关站的实际位置，采用一个信关站关联的多个卫星的馈电链路的绝对距离或者绝对时延的最小值作为馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者馈电链路的参考时延t4_ref；或者，
通过信关站的实际位置和目标卫星的星历信息，确定馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者馈电链路的参考时延t4_ref。
可选地，所述处理器600具体用于：
采用如下公式计算总的相对时延补偿值T_total为：
T_total＝T3+T4+T_offset
其中，T3表示用户链路的相对时延，T4表示馈电链路的相对时延，T_offset表示预设偏移量；
基于所述总的相对时延补偿值T_total，进行发送端信号的时延补偿。
可选地，所述处理器600具体用于：
获取网络侧通知的参数T_ref_total，其中，T_ref_total＝t3_ref+t4_ref-T_offset，t3_ref表示用户链路的参考时延，t4_ref表示馈电链路的参考时延，T_offset表示预设偏移量；
利用所述T_ref_total，确定总的相对时延补偿值T_total，其中，T_total＝t3+t4-T_ref_total；
基于所述总的相对时延补偿值T_total，进行发送端信号的时延补偿。
收发机610，用于在处理器600的控制下接收和发送数据。
其中，在图11中，总线架构可以包括任意数量的互联的总线和桥，具体由处理器600代表的一个或多个处理器和存储器620代表的存储器的各种电 路链接在一起。总线架构还可以将诸如外围设备、稳压器和功率管理电路等之类的各种其他电路链接在一起，这些都是本领域所公知的，因此，本文不再对其进行进一步描述。总线接口提供接口。收发机610可以是多个元件，即包括发送机和接收机，提供用于在传输介质上与各种其他装置通信的单元。针对不同的用户设备，用户接口630还可以是能够外接内接需要设备的接口，连接的设备包括但不限于小键盘、显示器、扬声器、麦克风、操纵杆等。
处理器600负责管理总线架构和通常的处理，存储器620可以存储处理器600在执行操作时所使用的数据。
可选的，处理器600可以是CPU(中央处埋器)、ASIC(Application Specific Integrated Circuit，专用集成电路)、FPGA(Field－Programmable Gate Array，现场可编程门阵列)或CPLD(Complex Programmable Logic Device，复杂可编程逻辑器件)。
在网络侧，参见图12，本申请实施例提供的一种时延补偿控制装置，包括：
存储器520，用于存储程序指令；
处理器500，用于调用所述存储器中存储的程序指令，按照获得的程序执行：
确定用于指示终端基于卫星通信系统NTN中用户链路的相对时延和馈电链路的相对时延进行时延补偿的控制参数；
将所述控制参数通知给终端。
可选地，所述控制参数包括用于指示终端确定用户链路的相对时延的参数：用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref；
所述控制参数还包括用于指示终端确定馈电链路的相对时延的参数：馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者参考时延t4_ref。
可选地，将用于指示终端确定用户链路的相对时延的参数通知给终端具体包括：通过下发广播信令或其他下行信令，使得终端获取用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref。
可选地，处理器500具体用于：
通过下发广播信令或其他下行信令辅助终端获取信关站的实际位置，然后使得该终端根据信关站的实际位置确定馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者馈电链路的参考时延t4_ref；
或者，通过下发广播信令或其他下行信令，使得终端获取馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者馈电链路的参考时延t4_ref。
可选地，当所述处理器500使用广播信令通知用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref，或者使用广播信令通知馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者馈电链路的参考时延t4_ref时，所述处理器500还用于通知所述参考距离或者参考时延的生效时间起点。
可选地，所述控制参数还包括预设偏移量T_offset，使得所述终端基于所述用户链路的相对时延、馈电链路的相对时延和偏移量T_offset，确定总的相对时延补偿值T_total，并基于T_total进行发送端信号的时延补偿。
可选地，所述控制参数包括T_ref_total，使得所述终端基于所述T_ref_total、所述用户链路的绝对时延和所述馈电链路的绝对时延，确定总的相对时延补偿值T_total，并基于T_total进行发送端信号的时延补偿；
其中，T_ref_total＝t3_ref+t4_ref+T_offset，t3_ref表示用户链路的参考时延，t4_ref表示馈电链路的参考时延，T_offset表示预设偏移量；T_total＝t3+t4-T_ref_total。
可选地，处理器500还用于：
获取终端上报的用户链路的相对时延和馈电链路的相对时延。
收发机510，用于在处理器500的控制下接收和发送数据。
其中，在图12中，总线架构可以包括任意数量的互联的总线和桥，具体由处理器500代表的一个或多个处理器和存储器520代表的存储器的各种电路链接在一起。总线架构还可以将诸如外围设备、稳压器和功率管理电路等之类的各种其他电路链接在一起，这些都是本领域所公知的，因此，本文不再对其进行进一步描述。总线接口提供接口。收发机510可以是多个元件， 即包括发送机和收发机，提供用于在传输介质上与各种其他装置通信的单元。处理器500负责管理总线架构和通常的处理，存储器520可以存储处理器500在执行操作时所使用的数据。
处理器500可以是中央处埋器(CPU)、专用集成电路(Application Specific Integrated Circuit，ASIC)、现场可编程门阵列(Field－Programmable Gate Array，FPGA)或复杂可编程逻辑器件(Complex Programmable Logic Device，CPLD)。
在终端侧，参见图13，本申请实施例提供的另一种时延补偿装置，包括：
确定单元11，用于确定需要对卫星通信系统NTN中的用户链路和馈电链路进行时延补偿；
补偿单元12，用于基于用户链路的相对时延和馈电链路的相对时延进行时延补偿。
可选地，确定单元11还用于将用户链路的相对时延和馈电链路的相对时延上报给网络。
可选地，所述用户链路的相对时延是根据用户链路的参考距离或参考时延确定的。
可选地，采用如下公式确定所述用户链路的相对时延：
T3＝(d3-d3_ref)/c＝t3-t3_ref
其中，T3表示用户链路的相对时延；c表示光速；d3表示用户链路的绝对距离；t3＝d3/c，t3表示用户链路的绝对时延；d3_ref表示用户链路的参考距离；t3_ref＝d3_ref/c，t3_ref表示用户链路的参考时延。
可选地，采用以下四种方法之一获取所述用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref：
方法一、协议预先定义用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref为固定取值；
方法二、通过网络侧下发的广播信令或其他下行信令获取用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref；
方法三、协议预先定义用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref 为与纬度关联的值；
方法四、根据星历信息获得用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref，其中，所述星历信息包含用于终端确定卫星精确位置的信息。
可选地，采用所述方法二时，参考距离d3_ref为卫星到达地面小区的最短距离或者参考距离d3_ref为卫星到达地面小区的最短距离减去一个与高度相关的距离偏移值，或者参考时延t3_ref为卫星到达地面小区的最短时延或者参考时延t3_ref为卫星到达地面小区的最短时延减去一个与高度相关的时延偏移值。
可选地，采用所述方法四时，根据星历信息获得卫星到达终端所在的地面小区的最短距离，将该最短距离作为参考距离d3_ref，或者，根据星历信息获得卫星到达终端所在的地面小区的最短时延，将该最短时延作为参考时延t3_ref。
可选地，所述馈电链路的相对时延是根据馈电链路的参考距离或参考时延确定的。
可选地，采用如下公式确定所述馈电链路的相对时延：
T4＝(d4-d4_ref)/c＝t4-t4_ref
其中，T4表示馈电链路的相对时延；c表示光速；d4表示馈电链路的绝对距离；t4＝d4/c，t4表示馈电链路的绝对时延；d4_ref表示馈电链路的参考距离；t4_ref＝d4_ref/c，t4_ref表示馈电链路的参考时延。
可选地，采用以下三种方法之一获取馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者参考时延t4_ref：
方法一、通过网络下发的广播信令或其他下行信令获取信关站的实际位置，根据信关站的实际位置确定馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者馈电链路的参考时延t4_ref；
方法二、通过网络下发的广播信令或其他下行信令获取馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者馈电链路的参考时延t4_ref；
方法三、协议预先定义馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者馈电链路的参考 时延t4_ref为与纬度关联的值。
可选地，当采用所述方法一时：
根据信关站的实际位置，采用一个信关站关联的多个卫星的馈电链路的绝对距离或者绝对时延的最小值作为馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者馈电链路的参考时延t4_ref；或者，
通过信关站的实际位置和目标卫星的星历信息，确定馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者馈电链路的参考时延t4_ref。
可选地，所述补偿单元12具体用于：
采用如下公式计算总的相对时延补偿值T_total为：
T_total＝T3+T4+T_offset
其中，T3表示用户链路的相对时延，T4表示馈电链路的相对时延，T_offset表示预设偏移量；
基于所述总的相对时延补偿值T_total，进行发送端信号的时延补偿。
可选地，所述补偿单元12具体用于：
获取网络侧通知的参数T_ref_total，其中，T_ref_total＝t3_ref+t4_ref-T_offset，t3_ref表示用户链路的参考时延，t4_ref表示馈电链路的参考时延，T_offset表示预设偏移量；
利用所述T_ref_total，确定总的相对时延补偿值T_total，其中，T_total＝t3+t4-T_ref_total；
基于所述总的相对时延补偿值T_total，进行发送端信号的时延补偿。
在网络侧，参见图14，本申请实施例提供的另一种时延补偿控制装置包括：
确定单元21，用于确定用于指示终端基于卫星通信系统NTN中用户链路的相对时延和馈电链路的相对时延进行时延补偿的控制参数；
通知单元22，用于将所述控制参数通知给终端。
可选地，所述控制参数包括用于指示终端确定用户链路的相对时延的参数：用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref；
所述控制参数还包括用于指示终端确定馈电链路的相对时延的参数：馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者参考时延t4_ref。
可选地，将用于指示终端确定用户链路的相对时延的参数通知给终端具体包括：通过下发广播信令或其他下行信令，使得终端获取用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref。
可选地，所述确定单元21具体用于：
通过下发广播信令或其他下行信令辅助终端获取信关站的实际位置，然后使得该终端根据信关站的实际位置确定馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者馈电链路的参考时延t4_ref；
或者，通过下发广播信令或其他下行信令，使得终端获取馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者馈电链路的参考时延t4_ref。
可选地，当所述处理器使用广播信令通知用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref，或者使用广播信令通知馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者馈电链路的参考时延t4_ref时，所述处理器还用于通知所述参考距离或者参考时延的生效时间起点。
可选地，所述控制参数还包括预设偏移量T_offset，使得所述终端基于所述用户链路的相对时延、馈电链路的相对时延和偏移量T_offset，确定总的相对时延补偿值T_total，并基于T_total进行发送端信号的时延补偿。
可选地，所述控制参数包括T_ref_total，使得所述终端基于所述T_ref_total、所述用户链路的绝对时延和所述馈电链路的绝对时延，确定总的相对时延补偿值T_total，并基于T_total进行发送端信号的时延补偿；
其中，T_ref_total＝t3_ref+t4_ref-T_offset，t3_ref表示用户链路的参考时延，t4_ref表示馈电链路的参考时延，T_offset表示预设偏移量；T_total＝t3+t4-T_ref_total。
可选地，所述确定单元21还用于：
获取终端上报的用户链路的相对时延和馈电链路的相对时延。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中对单元的划分是示意性的，仅仅为一种 逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式。另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。
所述集成的单元如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的全部或部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)或处理器(processor)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，ROM)、随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，RAM)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
本申请实施例提供了一种计算设备，该计算设备具体可以为桌面计算机、便携式计算机、智能手机、平板电脑、个人数字助理(Personal Digital Assistant，PDA)等。该计算设备可以包括中央处理器(Center Processing Unit，CPU)、存储器、输入/输出设备等，输入设备可以包括键盘、鼠标、触摸屏等，输出设备可以包括显示设备，如液晶显示器(Liquid Crystal Display，LCD)、阴极射线管(Cathode Ray Tube，CRT)等。
存储器可以包括只读存储器(ROM)和随机存取存储器(RAM)，并向处理器提供存储器中存储的程序指令和数据。在本申请实施例中，存储器可以用于存储本申请实施例提供的任一所述方法的程序。
处理器通过调用存储器存储的程序指令，处理器用于按照获得的程序指令执行本申请实施例提供的任一所述方法。
本申请实施例提供了一种计算机存储介质，用于储存为上述本申请实施例提供的装置所用的计算机程序指令，其包含用于执行上述本申请实施例提供的任一方法的程序。
所述计算机存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或数据存储设备，包括但不限于磁性存储器(例如软盘、硬盘、磁带、磁光盘(MO)等)、光学存储器(例如CD、DVD、BD、HVD等)、以及半导体存储器(例如ROM、EPROM、EEPROM、非易失性存储器(NAND FLASH)、固态硬盘(SSD))等。
本申请实施例提供的方法可以应用于终端设备，也可以应用于网络设备。
其中，终端设备也可称之为用户设备(User Equipment，简称为“UE”)、移动台(Mobile Station，简称为“MS”)、移动终端(Mobile Terminal)等，可选的，该终端可以具备经无线接入网(Radio Access Network，RAN)与一个或多个核心网进行通信的能力，例如，终端可以是移动电话(或称为“蜂窝”电话)、或具有移动性质的计算机等，例如，终端还可以是便携式、袖珍式、手持式、计算机内置的或者车载的移动装置。
网络设备可以为基站(例如，接入点)，指接入网中在空中接口上通过一个或多个扇区与无线终端通信的设备。基站可用于将收到的空中帧与IP分组进行相互转换，作为无线终端与接入网的其余部分之间的路由器，其中接入网的其余部分可包括网际协议(IP)网络。基站还可协调对空中接口的属性管理。例如，基站可以是GSM或CDMA中的基站(BTS，Base Transceiver Station)，也可以是WCDMA中的基站(NodeB)，还可以是LTE中的演进型基站(NodeB或eNB或e-NodeB，evolutional Node B)，或者也可以是5G系统中的gNB等。本申请实施例中不做限定。
上述方法处理流程可以用软件程序实现，该软件程序可以存储在存储介质中，当存储的软件程序被调用时，执行上述方法步骤。
本领域内的技术人员应明白，本申请的实施例可提供为方法、系统、或计算机程序产品。因此，本申请可采用完全硬件实施例、完全软件实施例、或结合软件和硬件方面的实施例的形式。而且，本申请可采用在一个或多个其中包含有计算机可用程序代码的计算机可用存储介质(包括但不限于磁盘存储器和光学存储器等)上实施的计算机程序产品的形式。
本申请是参照根据本申请实施例的方法、设备(系统)、和计算机程序产品的流程图和/或方框图来描述的。应理解可由计算机程序指令实现流程图和/或方框图中的每一流程和/或方框、以及流程图和/或方框图中的流程和/或方框的结合。可提供这些计算机程序指令到通用计算机、专用计算机、嵌入式处理机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器以产生一个机器，使得通过计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器执行的指令产生用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的装置。
这些计算机程序指令也可存储在能引导计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备以特定方式工作的计算机可读存储器中，使得存储在该计算机可读存储器中的指令产生包括指令装置的制造品，该指令装置实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能。
这些计算机程序指令也可装载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上，使得在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生计算机实现的处理，从而在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行的指令提供用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的步骤。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本申请进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本申请的精神和范围。这样，倘若本申请的这些修改和变型属于本申请权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本申请也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (46)

  1. 一种时延补偿方法，应用于终端，其特征在于，该方法包括：
    确定需要对卫星通信系统NTN中的用户链路和馈电链路进行时延补偿；
    基于用户链路的相对时延和馈电链路的相对时延进行时延补偿。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，该方法还包括：
    将用户链路的相对时延和馈电链路的相对时延上报给网络。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述用户链路的相对时延是根据用户链路的参考距离或参考时延确定的。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，采用如下公式确定所述用户链路的相对时延：
    T3＝(d3-d3_ref)/c＝t3-t3_ref
    其中，T3表示用户链路的相对时延；c表示光速；d3表示用户链路的绝对距离；t3＝d3/c，t3表示用户链路的绝对时延；d3_ref表示用户链路的参考距离；t3_ref＝d3_ref/c，t3_ref表示用户链路的参考时延。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，采用以下四种方法之一获取所述用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref：
    方法一、协议预先定义用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref为固定取值；
    方法二、通过网络侧下发的广播信令或其他下行信令获取用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref；
    方法三、协议预先定义用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref为与纬度关联的值；
    方法四、根据星历信息获得用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref，其中，所述星历信息包含用于终端确定卫星精确位置的信息。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，采用所述方法二时，参考距离d3_ref为卫星到达地面小区的最短距离或者参考距离d3_ref为卫星到达 地面小区的最短距离减去一个与高度相关的距离偏移值，或者参考时延t3_ref为卫星到达地面小区的最短时延或者参考时延t3_ref为卫星到达地面小区的最短时延减去一个与高度相关的时延偏移值。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，采用所述方法四时，根据星历信息获得卫星到达终端所在的地面小区的最短距离，将该最短距离作为参考距离d3_ref，或者，根据星历信息获得卫星到达终端所在的地面小区的最短时延，将该最短时延作为参考时延t3_ref。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述馈电链路的相对时延是根据馈电链路的参考距离或参考时延确定的。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，采用如下公式确定所述馈电链路的相对时延：
    T4＝(d4-d4_ref)/c＝t4-t4_ref
    其中，T4表示馈电链路的相对时延；c表示光速；d4表示馈电链路的绝对距离；t4＝d4/c，t4表示馈电链路的绝对时延；d4_ref表示馈电链路的参考距离；t4_ref＝d4_ref/c，t4_ref表示馈电链路的参考时延。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，采用以下三种方法之一获取馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者参考时延t4_ref：
    方法一、通过网络下发的广播信令或其他下行信令获取信关站的实际位置，根据信关站的实际位置确定馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者馈电链路的参考时延t4_ref；
    方法二、通过网络下发的广播信令或其他下行信令获取馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者馈电链路的参考时延t4_ref；
    方法三、协议预先定义馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者馈电链路的参考时延t4_ref为与纬度关联的值。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，当采用所述方法一时：
    根据信关站的实际位置，采用一个信关站关联的多个卫星的馈电链路的绝对距离或者绝对时延中的最小值作为馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者馈电 链路的参考时延t4_ref；或者，
    通过信关站的实际位置和目标卫星的星历信息，确定馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者馈电链路的参考时延t4_ref。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述基于用户链路的相对时延和馈电链路的相对时延进行时延补偿，具体包括：
    采用如下公式计算总的相对时延补偿值T_total为：
    T_total＝T3+T4+T_offset
    其中，T3表示用户链路的相对时延，T4表示馈电链路的相对时延，T_offset表示预设偏移量；
    基于所述总的相对时延补偿值T_total，进行发送端信号的时延补偿。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述基于用户链路的相对时延和馈电链路的相对时延进行时延补偿，具体包括：
    获取网络侧通知的参数T_ref_total，其中，T_ref_total＝t3_ref+t4_ref-T_offset，t3_ref表示用户链路的参考时延，t4_ref表示馈电链路的参考时延，T_offset表示预设偏移量；
    利用所述T_ref_total，确定总的相对时延补偿值T_total，其中，T_total＝t3+t4-T_ref_total；
    基于所述总的相对时延补偿值T_total，进行发送端信号的时延补偿。
  14. 一种时延补偿控制方法，应用于网络，其特征在于，该方法包括：
    确定用于指示终端基于卫星通信系统NTN中用户链路的相对时延和馈电链路的相对时延进行时延补偿的控制参数；
    将所述控制参数通知给终端。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的方法，其特征在于，所述控制参数包括用于指示终端确定用户链路的相对时延的参数：用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref；
    所述控制参数还包括用于指示终端确定馈电链路的相对时延的参数：馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者参考时延t4_ref。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的方法，其特征在于，将用于指示终端确定用户链路的相对时延的参数通知给终端具体包括：通过下发广播信令或其他下行信令，使得终端获取用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref。
  17. 根据权利要求15所述的方法，其特征在于，将用于指示终端确定馈电链路的相对时延的参数通知给终端具体包括：
    通过下发广播信令或其他下行信令辅助终端获取信关站的实际位置，然后使得该终端根据信关站的实际位置确定馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者馈电链路的参考时延t4_ref；
    或者，通过下发广播信令或其他下行信令，使得终端获取馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者馈电链路的参考时延t4_ref。
  18. 根据权利要求16或者17所述的方法，其特征在于，当使用广播信令通知用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref，或者使用广播信令通知馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者馈电链路的参考时延t4_ref时，该方法还包括通知所述参考距离或者参考时延的生效时间起点。
  19. 根据权利要求15、16或17所述的方法，其特征在于，所述控制参数还包括预设偏移量T_offset，使得所述终端基于所述用户链路的相对时延、馈电链路的相对时延和偏移量T_offset，确定总的相对时延补偿值T_total，并基于T_total进行发送端信号的时延补偿。
  20. 根据权利要求14所述的方法，其特征在于，所述控制参数包括T_ref_total，使得所述终端基于所述T_ref_total、所述用户链路的绝对时延和所述馈电链路的绝对时延，确定总的相对时延补偿值T_total，并基于T_total进行发送端信号的时延补偿；
    其中，T_ref_total＝t3_ref+t4_ref-T_offset，t3_ref表示用户链路的参考时延，t4_ref表示馈电链路的参考时延，T_offset表示预设偏移量；T_total＝t3+t4-T_ref_total。
  21. 根据权利要求14所述的方法，其特征在于，该方法还包括：
    获取终端上报的用户链路的相对时延和馈电链路的相对时延。
  22. 一种时延补偿装置，其特征在于，该装置包括：
    存储器，用于存储程序指令；
    处理器，用于调用所述存储器中存储的程序指令，按照获得的程序执行：
    确定需要对卫星通信系统NTN中的用户链路和馈电链路进行时延补偿；
    基于用户链路的相对时延和馈电链路的相对时延进行时延补偿。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理器还用于按照获得的程序执行：
    将用户链路的相对时延和馈电链路的相对时延上报给网络。
  24. 根据权利要求22所述的装置，其特征在于，所述用户链路的相对时延是根据用户链路的参考距离或参考时延确定的。
  25. 根据权利要求24所述的装置，其特征在于，采用如下公式确定所述用户链路的相对时延：
    T3＝(d3-d3_ref)/c＝t3-t3_ref
    其中，T3表示用户链路的相对时延；c表示光速；d3表示用户链路的绝对距离；t3＝d3/c，t3表示用户链路的绝对时延；d3_ref表示用户链路的参考距离；t3_ref＝d3_ref/c，t3_ref表示用户链路的参考时延。
  26. 根据权利要求25所述的装置，其特征在于，采用以下四种方法之一获取所述用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref：
    方法一、协议预先定义用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref为固定取值；
    方法二、通过网络侧下发的广播信令或其他下行信令获取用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref；
    方法三、协议预先定义用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref为与纬度关联的值；
    方法四、根据星历信息获得用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref，其中，所述星历信息包含用于终端确定卫星精确位置的信息。
  27. 根据权利要求26所述的装置，其特征在于，采用所述方法二时，参 考距离d3_ref为卫星到达地面小区的最短距离或者参考距离d3_ref为卫星到达地面小区的最短距离减去一个与高度相关的距离偏移值，或者参考时延t3_ref为卫星到达地面小区的最短时延或者参考时延t3_ref为卫星到达地面小区的最短时延减去一个与高度相关的时延偏移值。
  28. 根据权利要求26所述的装置，其特征在于，采用所述方法四时，根据星历信息获得卫星到达终端所在的地面小区的最短距离，将该最短距离作为参考距离d3_ref，或者，根据星历信息获得卫星到达终端所在的地面小区的最短时延，将该最短时延作为参考时延t3_ref。
  29. 根据权利要求22所述的装置，其特征在于，所述馈电链路的相对时延是根据馈电链路的参考距离或参考时延确定的。
  30. 根据权利要求29所述的装置，其特征在于，采用如下公式确定所述馈电链路的相对时延：
    T4＝(d4-d4_ref)/c＝t4-t4_ref
    其中，T4表示馈电链路的相对时延；c表示光速；d4表示馈电链路的绝对距离；t4＝d4/c，t4表示馈电链路的绝对时延；d4_ref表示馈电链路的参考距离；t4_ref＝d4_ref/c，t4_ref表示馈电链路的参考时延。
  31. 根据权利要求30所述的装置，其特征在于，采用以下三种方法之一获取馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者参考时延t4_ref：
    方法一、通过网络下发的广播信令或其他下行信令获取信关站的实际位置，根据信关站的实际位置确定馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者馈电链路的参考时延t4_ref；
    方法二、通过网络下发的广播信令或其他下行信令获取馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者馈电链路的参考时延t4_ref；
    方法三、协议预先定义馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者馈电链路的参考时延t4_ref为与纬度关联的值。
  32. 根据权利要求31所述的装置，其特征在于，当采用所述方法一时：
    根据信关站的实际位置，采用一个信关站关联的多个卫星的馈电链路的 绝对距离或者绝对时延的最小值作为馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者馈电链路的参考时延t4_ref；或者，
    通过信关站的实际位置和目标卫星的星历信息，确定馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者馈电链路的参考时延t4_ref。
  33. 根据权利要求22所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理器具体用于：
    采用如下公式计算总的相对时延补偿值T_total为：
    T_total＝T3+T4+T_offset
    其中，T3表示用户链路的相对时延，T4表示馈电链路的相对时延，T_offset表示预设偏移量；
    基于所述总的相对时延补偿值T_total，进行发送端信号的时延补偿。
  34. 根据权利要求22所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理器具体用于：
    获取网络侧通知的参数T_ref_total，其中，T_ref_total＝t3_ref+t4_ref-T_offset，t3_ref表示用户链路的参考时延，t4_ref表示馈电链路的参考时延，T_offset表示预设偏移量；
    利用所述T_ref_total，确定总的相对时延补偿值T_total，其中，T_total＝t3+t4-T_ref_total；
    基于所述总的相对时延补偿值T_total，进行发送端信号的时延补偿。
  35. 一种时延补偿控制装置，其特征在于，该装置包括：
    存储器，用于存储程序指令；
    处理器，用于调用所述存储器中存储的程序指令，按照获得的程序执行：
    确定用于指示终端基于卫星通信系统NTN中用户链路的相对时延和馈电链路的相对时延进行时延补偿的控制参数；
    将所述控制参数通知给终端。
  36. 根据权利要求35所述的装置，其特征在于，所述控制参数包括用于指示终端确定用户链路的相对时延的参数：用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref；
    所述控制参数还包括用于指示终端确定馈电链路的相对时延的参数：馈 电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者参考时延t4_ref。
  37. 根据权利要求36所述的装置，其特征在于，将用于指示终端确定用户链路的相对时延的参数通知给终端具体包括：通过下发广播信令或其他下行信令，使得终端获取用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref。
  38. 根据权利要求36所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理器具体用于：
    通过下发广播信令或其他下行信令辅助终端获取信关站的实际位置，然后使得该终端根据信关站的实际位置确定馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者馈电链路的参考时延t4_ref；
    或者，通过下发广播信令或其他下行信令，使得终端获取馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者馈电链路的参考时延t4_ref。
  39. 根据权利要求37或38所述的装置，其特征在于，当所述处理器使用广播信令通知用户链路的参考距离d3_ref或者参考时延t3_ref，或者使用广播信令通知馈电链路的参考距离d4_ref或者馈电链路的参考时延t4_ref时，所述处理器还用于通知所述参考距离或者参考时延的生效时间起点。
  40. 根据权利要求36、37或38所述的装置，其特征在于，所述控制参数还包括预设偏移量T_offset，使得所述终端基于所述用户链路的相对时延、馈电链路的相对时延和偏移量T_offset，确定总的相对时延补偿值T_total，并基于T_total进行发送端信号的时延补偿。
  41. 根据权利要求35所述的装置，其特征在于，所述控制参数包括T_ref_total，使得所述终端基于所述T_ref_total、所述用户链路的绝对时延和所述馈电链路的绝对时延，确定总的相对时延补偿值T_total，并基于T_total进行发送端信号的时延补偿；
    其中，T_ref_total＝t3_ref+t4_ref-T_offset，t3_ref表示用户链路的参考时延，t4_ref表示馈电链路的参考时延，T_offset表示预设偏移量；T_total＝t3+t4-T_ref_total。
  42. 根据权利要求35所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理器还用于：获取终端上报的用户链路的相对时延和馈电链路的相对时延。
  43. 一种时延补偿装置，其特征在于，该装置包括：
    确定单元，用于确定需要对卫星通信系统NTN中的用户链路和馈电链路进行时延补偿；
    补偿单元，用于基于用户链路的相对时延和馈电链路的相对时延进行时延补偿。
  44. 一种时延补偿控制装置，其特征在于，该装置包括：
    确定单元，用于确定用于指示终端基于卫星通信系统NTN中用户链路的相对时延和馈电链路的相对时延进行时延补偿的控制参数；
    通知单元，用于将所述控制参数通知给终端。
  45. 一种计算设备，其特征在于，包括：
    存储器，用于存储程序指令；
    处理器，用于调用所述存储器中存储的程序指令，按照获得的程序执行权利要求1至21任一项所述的方法。
  46. 一种计算机存储介质，其特征在于，所述计算机存储介质存储有计算机可执行指令，所述计算机可执行指令用于使所述计算机执行权利要求1至21任一项所述的方法。
PCT/CN2020/079367 2019-04-08 2020-03-13 一种时延补偿及其控制方法及装置 WO2020207195A1 (zh)

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