WO2020200313A1 - 安装平台、换电设备及其控制方法 - Google Patents

安装平台、换电设备及其控制方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020200313A1
WO2020200313A1 PCT/CN2020/083249 CN2020083249W WO2020200313A1 WO 2020200313 A1 WO2020200313 A1 WO 2020200313A1 CN 2020083249 W CN2020083249 W CN 2020083249W WO 2020200313 A1 WO2020200313 A1 WO 2020200313A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
installation platform
fixed plate
guide
guide fork
tray
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/083249
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张建平
黄春华
Original Assignee
奥动新能源汽车科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201910264544.1A external-priority patent/CN111791743B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201910264615.8A external-priority patent/CN111791744A/zh
Application filed by 奥动新能源汽车科技有限公司 filed Critical 奥动新能源汽车科技有限公司
Priority to JP2021558697A priority Critical patent/JP2022527956A/ja
Priority to US17/600,369 priority patent/US20220153238A1/en
Priority to SG11202110902RA priority patent/SG11202110902RA/en
Priority to EP20784249.3A priority patent/EP3950440A4/en
Publication of WO2020200313A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020200313A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60S—SERVICING, CLEANING, REPAIRING, SUPPORTING, LIFTING, OR MANOEUVRING OF VEHICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60S5/00—Servicing, maintaining, repairing, or refitting of vehicles
    • B60S5/06—Supplying batteries to, or removing batteries from, vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/80—Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/244—Secondary casings; Racks; Suspension devices; Carrying devices; Holders characterised by their mounting method
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/269—Mechanical means for varying the arrangement of batteries or cells for different uses, e.g. for changing the number of batteries or for switching between series and parallel wiring
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B60K2001/0455—Removal or replacement of the energy storages
    • B60K2001/0488—Removal or replacement of the energy storages with arrangements for pivoting
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of quick-change electric vehicles, in particular to an installation platform, a power exchange device and a control method thereof.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defect of difficulty in positioning of different car models for the existing technology of the switching station, and to provide an installation platform, power switching equipment and a control method thereof.
  • An installation platform which includes: a tray and a fixed plate;
  • the tray is used to carry batteries, the tray is arranged on the fixed plate and can move horizontally in a first direction relative to the fixed plate;
  • a first guide fork is provided on one side of the fixed plate, and the first guide fork can move horizontally in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction;
  • a second guide fork is provided on one side of the pallet, and the second guide fork can move horizontally in the second direction.
  • An installation platform which includes: a tray and a fixed plate;
  • the tray is used to carry batteries
  • the tray is arranged on the fixed plate and can move horizontally in a first direction relative to the fixed plate;
  • a first guide fork is provided on one side of the fixed disk, and the first guide fork is horizontally movable relative to the fixed disk in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction;
  • the tray has a carrying layer and a connecting layer.
  • the connecting layer is arranged on the fixed plate and can move horizontally relative to the fixed plate.
  • the carrying layer is detachably arranged above the connecting layer and is provided with a fixing layer. Guide fork.
  • the positive and progressive effect of the present invention is that the installation platform and the battery replacement equipment containing it can be adapted to various types of vehicle batteries by providing the first and second guide forks that can move in the second direction, thereby realizing replacement Universality of power stations.
  • the control method can realize the replacement of multiple types of vehicle batteries with the same battery replacement device.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a power exchange device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a partial three-dimensional structure diagram of the battery swapping device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, in which the mounting layer is removed.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a lifting mechanism according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the mounting layer according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic flowchart of a control method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a power exchange device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a partial three-dimensional structural diagram of a battery swapping device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention, in which the mounting layer is removed.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a lifting mechanism according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic flowchart of a control method according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Power exchange equipment 10 chassis 11; lifting mechanism 12; first support arm 13; second support arm 14; lifting drive unit 15; mounting platform 16; tray 17; carrying layer 18; through hole 181; spring 20; connecting layer 21; insertion groove 211; fixed plate 22; first guide fork 23; second guide fork 24; first guide rail 25; second guide rail 26; first direction X; second direction Y.
  • Power exchange equipment 10 chassis 11; lifting mechanism 12; first support arm 13; second support arm 14; lifting drive unit 15; installation platform 16; tray 17; loading layer 18; fixed guide fork 19; spring 20; connection Layer 21; fixed disk 22; first guide fork 23; second guide fork 24; first guide rail 25; first direction X; second direction Y;
  • FIGS 1 and 2 illustrate the power exchange device 10 of this embodiment.
  • the power exchange device 10 includes a lifting mechanism and an installation platform 16, and the lifting mechanism is used to lift the fixed plate 22.
  • the lifting mechanism 12 is generally a scissor support structure. As shown in FIG. 3, the scissor support structure connects the chassis 11 and the fixed plate 22.
  • the scissor support structure includes a first support arm 13 and a second support arm 14 that are crossed. One end of the supporting arm 13 is slidably hinged to the fixed plate 22, the other end of the first supporting arm 13 is fixedly hinged to the chassis 11, one end of the second supporting arm 14 is fixedly hinged to the fixed plate 22, and the second supporting arm 14 The other end is slidably hinged to the bottom plate.
  • the lifting driving unit 15 is connected to the first support arm 13 and drives the first support arm 13 to rotate around the hinge point between the first support arm 13 and the chassis 11.
  • the slidable hinge means that the hinge point can be slid, and in this embodiment is horizontal sliding.
  • the fixed hinge is fixed at the hinge point and cannot be moved.
  • the first support arm 13 and the second support arm 14 are not hinged or connected to each other.
  • the lifting driving unit 15 expands and contracts to rotate the first support arm 13 so as to lift the fixed disk 22.
  • the lift drive unit 15 is preferably a hydraulic drive device.
  • the lifting mechanism 12 may also adopt a mechanical structure capable of lifting and lowering, such as a screw nut drive structure or a direct hydraulic jacking structure.
  • the installation platform 16 includes a tray 17 and a fixed tray 22.
  • the tray 17 is used to carry batteries.
  • the battery packs that are depleted from the electric vehicle and the fully charged battery packs that will be installed on the electric vehicle are placed on the tray 17 for transportation and installation.
  • the tray 17 is provided on the fixed disk 22 and can move horizontally relative to the fixed disk 22 in the first direction.
  • the fixed disk 22 and the tray 17 may be connected by a driving device such as a linear motor, a screw nut transmission mechanism, etc., so as to realize the movement of the tray 17 relative to the fixed disk 22.
  • a driving device such as a linear motor, a screw nut transmission mechanism, etc.
  • Both sides of the fixed disk 22 are provided with first guide forks 23, and the first guide forks 23 can move horizontally in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction.
  • Both sides of the fixed plate 22 are provided with first guide rails 25 extending, and the first guide fork 23 is slidably provided on the first guide rail 25.
  • the fixed disk 22 is provided with a first driving member, and the first driving member is used to drive the first guide fork 23 to slide on the first guide rail 25.
  • the first driving member is any one of a pulley drive, a screw nut drive, and a linear motor.
  • the first guide fork 23 is used to engage with the lock base on the quick-change bracket of the vehicle.
  • the distance between the two first guide forks 23 is adjusted to fit the size of the battery pack loaded on the installation platform 16.
  • the two sides of the tray 17 are provided with second guide forks 24, the second guide fork 24 can be in the second Move horizontally in the direction.
  • the upper surface of the tray 17 is provided with a second guide rail 26, and the second guide fork 24 is slidably provided on the second guide rail 26.
  • a second driving member is provided on the tray 17, and the second driving member is used to drive the second guide fork 24 to slide on the second guide rail 26.
  • the second driving member is any one of a pulley drive, a screw nut drive, and a linear motor.
  • the second guide fork 24 is used to engage with the positioning block on the battery pack.
  • the distance between the two second guide forks 24 is adjusted so as to adapt to the size of the battery pack loaded on the installation platform 16.
  • the tray 17 has a mounting layer 18 and a connection layer 21.
  • the connecting layer 21 is provided on the fixed disk 22 and can move horizontally relative to the fixed disk 22, and the mounting layer 18 is detachably provided above the connecting layer 21.
  • the second guide rail 26 is provided on the upper surface of the connection layer 21.
  • the carrying layer 18 is provided with a through hole 181, which allows the second guide fork 24 to pass through and is inside the through hole 181, along the second guide rail 26 within the entire length of the second guide rail 26 slide.
  • the connecting layer 21 is also provided with an insertion groove 211, and the insertion groove 211 cooperates with an insert on the lower surface of the carrying layer 18 to limit the relative movement of the carrying layer 18 and the connecting layer 21 in the first direction. Assembling the mounting layer 18 and the connecting layer 21 in this way facilitates the disassembly of the mounting layer 18 and the connecting layer 21.
  • An elastic member is provided between the carrying layer 18 and the connecting layer 21.
  • the elastic member can buffer the carrying layer 18, place damage to the battery pack placed on the carrying layer 18, and adjust the positioning in the vertical direction. Error, convenient for the positioning of the battery pack during installation and removal.
  • the elastic member is preferably a spring 20.
  • the carrying layer 18 and the connecting layer 21 may also be fixedly connected, that is, not detachable.
  • the second guide rail 26 can be directly laid on the upper surface of the loading layer 18.
  • the length in the second direction of the part where the second guide rail 26 is provided can be chosen to be lengthened to facilitate laying the longer second guide rail 26 or to lay the second guide rail 26 closer. Both sides are used to increase the adjustable range of the distance between the second guide forks 24, so that it can be adapted to more types of batteries.
  • the first guide fork may be provided on only one side of the fixed disk, and the first guide rail protruding is provided on only one side of the fixed disk, and the fixed disk is provided on the other side of the fixed disk. ⁇ oriented fork. By moving the first guide fork on one side in the second direction, the distance between the first guide fork and the fixed guide fork is adjusted to adapt to the size of the battery pack loaded on the installation platform.
  • the second guide fork may be provided on only one side of the pallet, and the second guide rail is provided on only one side of the pallet, and a fixed guide fork is provided on the other side of the pallet. By moving the second guide fork on one side in the second direction, the distance between the second guide fork and the fixed guide fork is adjusted, so as to adapt to the size of the battery pack loaded on the installation platform.
  • the installation platform and the power exchange equipment containing it can be adapted to various types of vehicle battery packs by providing the first and second guide forks that can move in the second direction, thereby realizing the generalization of the power exchange station. Adaptability.
  • This embodiment illustrates the power exchange device 10 that includes the installation platform 16, but the above-mentioned installation platform 16 is not limited to this.
  • the installation platform 16 can also be applied to batteries other than the power exchange device 10 illustrated in this embodiment. Pack replacement or transportation equipment to achieve the universal applicability of replacement stations.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates a control method according to an embodiment of the present invention, and the control method is used to control the above installation platform 16.
  • the control method includes the following steps:
  • Step 100 Detect the model of the vehicle.
  • the detection can be manual detection, that is, the vehicle model is recognized by human eyes.
  • a monitoring device is installed at the vehicle entrance of the switching station using the installation platform 16 to identify the vehicle model. This type of vehicle identification technology has been widely used in the prior art, and will not be repeated here.
  • Step 200 Control the moving positions of the first guide fork 23 and the second guide fork 24 according to the detection result.
  • Different vehicle models correspond to battery packs of different sizes. Find the size of the corresponding battery pack according to the detected model, and then adjust the first guide fork 23 and the second guide fork 24 to a predetermined position so that the two first guide forks 23
  • the distance between the two is adapted to the distance between the lock bases of the corresponding vehicle, and the distance between the two second guide forks 24 is corresponding to the width of the battery pack, so that the four guide forks on the installation platform 16 are all It can fit the battery pack accurately, so that the battery pack can be installed and removed smoothly.
  • step 100 If the detection in step 100 is manual, the movement of the first guide fork 23 and the second guide fork 24 is manually controlled.
  • step 100 is automatically recognized by the machine, then a control unit receives the data of the monitoring device accordingly, and then the control unit sends instructions to the first driver to automatically adjust the movement of the first guide fork 23 and the second guide fork 24 position.
  • the control unit may be a control device of a power exchange station using the installation platform 16, or a device with signal transmission and program processing functions separately provided on the installation platform 16, or the like.
  • FIGS 6 and 7 illustrate a power exchange device 10 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the power exchange device 10 includes a lifting mechanism 12 and an installation platform 16, and the lifting mechanism 12 is used for lifting a fixed plate 22.
  • the lifting mechanism 12 is generally a scissor support structure. As shown in FIG. 8, the scissor support structure connects the chassis 11 and the fixed plate 22.
  • the scissor support structure includes a first support arm 13 and a second support arm 14 that are crossed. One end of the supporting arm 13 is slidably hinged to the fixed plate 22, the other end of the first supporting arm 13 is fixedly hinged to the chassis 11, one end of the second supporting arm 14 is fixedly hinged to the fixed plate 22, and the second supporting arm 14 The other end is slidably hinged to the bottom plate.
  • the lifting driving unit 15 is connected to the first support arm 13 and drives the first support arm 13 to rotate around the hinge point between the first support arm 13 and the chassis 11.
  • the slidable hinge means that the hinge point can be slid, and in this embodiment is horizontal sliding.
  • the fixed hinge is fixed at the hinge point and cannot be moved.
  • the first support arm 13 and the second support arm 14 are not hinged or connected to each other.
  • the lifting driving unit 15 expands and contracts to rotate the first support arm 13 so as to lift the fixed disk 22.
  • the lift drive unit 15 is preferably a hydraulic drive device.
  • the lifting mechanism 12 may also adopt a mechanical structure capable of lifting and lowering, such as a screw nut drive structure or a direct hydraulic jacking structure.
  • the installation platform 16 includes a tray 17 and a fixed tray 22.
  • the tray 17 is used to carry batteries.
  • the battery packs that are unloaded from electric vehicles and other vehicles and the fully-charged battery packs that are about to be installed on the electric vehicle are placed on the tray 17 for transportation and installation.
  • the tray 17 is disposed on the fixed disk 22 and can move horizontally in the first direction X relative to the fixed disk 22.
  • the fixed disk 22 and the tray 17 may be connected by a driving device such as a linear motor, a screw nut transmission mechanism, etc., so as to realize the movement of the tray 17 relative to the fixed disk 22.
  • a driving device such as a linear motor, a screw nut transmission mechanism, etc.
  • a first guide fork 23 is provided on one side of the fixed disk 22, and the first guide fork 23 is horizontally movable relative to the fixed disk 22 in a second direction Y perpendicular to the first direction X.
  • a first guide rail 25 is provided on one side of the fixed plate 22, and the first guide fork 23 is slidably provided on the first guide rail 25.
  • the fixed disk 22 is provided with a first driving member, and the first driving member is used to drive the first guide fork 23 to slide on the first guide rail 25.
  • the first driving member can choose any one of a pulley drive, a screw nut drive, and a linear motor.
  • the other side of the fixed disk 22 is provided with a second guide fork 24 at a position corresponding to the first guide fork 23.
  • the fixed guide fork 19 is fixed to the fixed disk 22 and is not movable.
  • the first guide fork 23 and the second guide fork 24 are used for engaging with the lock base on the quick-change bracket of the vehicle.
  • the distance between the first guide fork 23 and the second guide fork 24 in the second direction Y is adjusted, so as to adapt to the size of the battery pack loaded on the installation platform 16.
  • the pallet 17 has a loading layer 18 and a connecting layer 21.
  • the connecting layer 21 is provided on the fixed disk 22 and can move horizontally with respect to the fixed disk 22.
  • the loading layer 18 is detachably provided above the connecting layer 21 and is provided with a fixed guide fork 19.
  • the fixed guide fork 19 is used for engaging with the positioning block on the battery pack.
  • an elastic member is fixed on the connecting layer 21, and the carrying layer 18 is placed on the elastic member.
  • the elastic member between the carrying layer 18 and the connecting layer 21 can buffer the carrying layer 18 to prevent damage to the battery pack on the carrying layer 18, and can also adjust the positioning error in the vertical direction to facilitate the battery pack Positioning during installation and removal.
  • the elastic member is preferably a spring 20.
  • This embodiment illustrates the power exchange device 10 that includes the installation platform 16, but the above-mentioned installation platform 16 is not limited to this.
  • the installation platform 16 can also be applied to batteries other than the power exchange device 10 illustrated in this embodiment. Pack replacement or transportation equipment to achieve the universal applicability of replacement stations.
  • FIG. 9 illustrates a control method according to an embodiment of the present invention, and the control method is used to control the above installation platform 16.
  • the control method includes the following steps:
  • Step 100 Detect the model of the vehicle.
  • the detection can be manual detection, that is, the vehicle model is recognized by human eyes.
  • a monitoring device is installed at the vehicle entrance of the switching station using the installation platform 16 to identify the vehicle model. This type of vehicle identification technology has been widely used in the prior art, and will not be repeated here.
  • Step 200 Control the moving position of the first guide fork 23 according to the detection result and install a loading layer 18 adapted to the model of the vehicle on the connecting layer 21.
  • Different vehicle models correspond to battery packs of different sizes. Find the size of the corresponding battery pack according to the detected model, and then adjust the first guide fork 23 to a predetermined position so that there is a gap between the first guide fork 23 and the second guide fork 24
  • the distance corresponds to the width of the battery pack
  • the carrying layer 18 selects the carrying layer 18 corresponding to the width of the battery pack
  • the distance between the fixed forks on the carrying layer corresponds to the width of the battery pack of the model, so that the platform is installed
  • the four guide forks on the 16 can accurately fit the battery pack, so that the battery pack can be installed and removed smoothly.
  • step 100 If the manual detection is performed in step 100, the movement of the first guide fork 23 is manually controlled, and the loading layer 18 is manually selected.
  • a control unit receives the data of the monitoring device accordingly, and then sends an instruction to the first drive through the control unit to automatically adjust the moving position of the first guide fork 23.
  • the control unit may be a control device of a power exchange station using the installation platform 16, or a device with signal transmission and program processing functions separately provided on the installation platform 16, or the like.

Abstract

一种安装平台，包括：托盘（17）和固定盘（22）；托盘（17）用于承载电池，托盘（17）设于固定盘（22）上并能够相对于固定盘（22）在第一方向（X）上水平移动；固定盘（22）的一侧设有第一导向叉（23），第一导向叉（23）能够在与第一方向（X）垂直的第二方向（Y）上水平移动；托盘（17）的一侧设有第二导向叉（24），第二导向叉（24）能够在第二方向（Y）上水平移动。还提供了一种控制方法，其用于控制如上的安装平台。安装平台通过设置可在第二方向上移动的第一导向叉和第二导向叉可以适配多种型号的车辆电池，从而实现换电站的普适性。还公开了一种换电设备以及安装平台的控制方法。

Description

安装平台、换电设备及其控制方法
本申请要求申请日为2019年4月3日的中国专利申请2019102646158以及2019102645441的优先权。本申请引用上述中国专利申请的全文。
技术领域
本发明涉及快换式电动车领域，特别涉及一种安装平台、换电设备及其控制方法。
背景技术
针对现有的换电技术，不同车型之间很难共用换电站进行换电，因为不同车型使用不同的电池包，而换电站的换电设备的型号都是统一的，不能适配所有的电池包，因此换电模式将很难普及。不同车型之间不同种类的电池包进行换电，对于换电站来说，不同车型的汽车与换电设备之间的定位是一个难题。因为即使是统一款汽车，其与换电设备之间的定位精度都会受到很多因素的影响，例如每辆车本身的尺寸一致性、轮胎胎压等等因素都会影响汽车的定位，更何况是不同车型之间。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是为了克服现有技术换电站对于不同车型定位困难的缺陷，提供一种安装平台、换电设备及其控制方法。
本发明是通过下述技术方案来解决上述技术问题：
一种安装平台，其包括：托盘和固定盘；
所述托盘用于承载电池，所述托盘设于所述固定盘上并能够相对于所述固定盘在第一方向上水平移动；
所述固定盘的一侧设有第一导向叉，所述第一导向叉能够在与所述第一 方向垂直的第二方向上水平移动；
所述托盘的一侧设有第二导向叉，所述第二导向叉能够在所述第二方向上水平移动。
一种安装平台，其包括：托盘和固定盘；
所述托盘用于承载电池；
所述托盘设于所述固定盘上并相对于所述固定盘可在第一方向上水平移动；
所述固定盘的一侧设有第一导向叉，所述第一导向叉相对于所述固定盘在与所述第一方向垂直的第二方向上可水平移动；
所述托盘具有搭载层和连接层，所述连接层设于所述固定盘上并相对于所述固定盘可水平移动，所述搭载层可拆卸地设于所述连接层上方并设有固定导向叉。
本发明的积极进步效果在于：该安装平台及包含其的换电设备通过设置可在第二方向上移动的第一导向叉和第二导向叉可以适配多种型号的车辆电池，从而实现换电站的普适性。该控制方法可以实现同一换电设备更换多种型号的车辆电池。
附图说明
图1为根据本发明的实施例1的换电设备的立体结构示意图。
图2为根据本发明的实施例1的换电设备的部分立体结构示意图，其中，搭载层被移除。
图3为根据本发明的实施例1的升降机构的结构示意图。
图4为根据本发明的实施例1的搭载层的立体结构示意图。
图5为根据本发明的实施例1的控制方法的流程示意图。
图6为根据本发明的实施例2的换电设备的立体结构示意图。
图7为根据本发明的实施例2的换电设备的部分立体结构示意图，其 中，搭载层被移除。
图8为根据本发明的实施例2的升降机构的结构示意图。
图9为根据本发明的实施例2的控制方法的流程示意图。
附图标记说明：
实施例1
换电设备10；底盘11；升降机构12；第一支撑臂13；第二支撑臂14；举升驱动单元15；安装平台16；托盘17；搭载层18；通孔181；弹簧20；连接层21；插入槽211；固定盘22；第一导向叉23；第二导向叉24；第一导轨25；第二导轨26；第一方向X；第二方向Y。
实施例2
换电设备10；底盘11；升降机构12；第一支撑臂13；第二支撑臂14；举升驱动单元15；安装平台16；托盘17；搭载层18；固定导向叉19；弹簧20；连接层21；固定盘22；第一导向叉23；第二导向叉24；第一导轨25；第一方向X；第二方向Y；
具体实施方式
实施例1
图1和2示意了本实施例的换电设备10。该换电设备10包括升降机构和安装平台16，升降机构用于升降固定盘22。
升降机构12一般为剪式支撑结构，如图3所示，剪式支撑结构连接底盘11和固定盘22，剪式支撑结构包括交叉设置的第一支撑臂13和第二支撑臂14，第一支撑臂13的一端可滑动地铰接于固定盘22，第一支撑臂13的另一端固定地铰接于底盘11，第二支撑臂14的一端固定地铰接于固定盘22，第二支撑臂14的另一端可滑动地铰接于底板，举升驱动单元15连接于第一支撑臂13并驱动第一支撑臂13绕第一支撑臂13与底盘11的铰接点旋转。
可滑动地铰接为铰接点可以滑动，在本实施例中为水平滑动。固定地铰接为铰接点固定，不可移动。
第一支撑臂13和第二支撑臂14之间不相互铰接或连接。举升驱动单元15伸缩以使得第一支撑臂13旋转，从而升降固定盘22。
举升驱动单元15优选为液压驱动设备。
可选择地，升降机构12也可以采用丝杠螺母传动结构或直接的液压顶升结构等能够实现升降的机械结构。
安装平台16包括：托盘17和固定盘22。
托盘17用于承载电池。从电动车灯车辆上卸下的亏电电池包和即将装到电动车上的满电电池包都被放置在托盘17上，以进行运送和安装。
托盘17设于固定盘22上并能够相对于固定盘22在第一方向上水平移动。
固定盘22和托盘17之间可以通过直线电机、丝杠螺母传动机构等驱动装置连接，从而实现托盘17相对于固定盘22的移动。
固定盘22的两侧均设有第一导向叉23，第一导向叉23能够在与第一方向垂直的第二方向上水平移动。
固定盘22的两侧均设有伸出的第一导轨25，第一导向叉23可滑动地设于第一导轨25上。
固定盘22上设有第一驱动件，第一驱动件用于驱动第一导向叉23在第一导轨25上滑动。
第一驱动件为带轮驱动、丝杠螺母驱动、直线电机中的任一个。
第一导向叉23用于与车辆的快换支架上的锁基座卡合。
通过两个第一导向叉23在第二方向上的移动，调节两个第一导向叉23之间的距离，从而适配安装平台16上装载的电池包的尺寸。
托盘17的两侧(本实施例中为托盘17上表面的侧边区域，在其他实施例中也可以是托盘17的侧面)设有第二导向叉24，第二导向叉24能够在第 二方向上水平移动。
托盘17的上表面设有第二导轨26，第二导向叉24可滑动地设于第二导轨26上。
托盘17上设有第二驱动件，第二驱动件用于驱动第二导向叉24在第二导轨26上滑动。
第二驱动件为带轮驱动、丝杠螺母驱动、直线电机中的任一个。
第二导向叉24用于与电池包上的定位块卡合。
通过两个第二导向叉24在第二方向上的移动，调节两个第二导向叉24之间的距离，从而适配安装平台16上装载的电池包的尺寸。
托盘17具有搭载层18和连接层21。连接层21设于固定盘22上并相对于固定盘22可水平移动，搭载层18可拆卸地设于连接层21上方。
第二导轨26设置于连接层21的上表面。如图4所示，搭载层18设有通孔181，该通孔181允许第二导向叉24穿出并在通孔181内部，沿着第二导轨26在整个第二导轨26的长度范围内滑动。
连接层21上还设有插入槽211，插入槽211与搭载层18下表面的插入件配合以限定搭载层18和连接层21在第一方向上的相对运动。以这种方式组装搭载层18和连接层21方便搭载层18和连接层21的拆卸。
搭载层18和连接层21之间设有弹性件，该弹性件可以对搭载层18起到缓冲作用，放置对放置在搭载层18上的电池包的损伤，也可以调节竖直方向上的定位误差，方便电池包在安装和拆卸时的定位。弹性件优选为弹簧20。
可选择地，搭载层18和连接层21也可以固定连接，即不可拆卸。第二导轨26可以直接铺设与搭载层18的上表面。
为了增加该安装平台16的适配度，可以选择将设置第二导轨26的部分的第二方向上的长度加长，以方便铺设较长的第二导轨26或将第二导轨26铺设得更靠近两侧，以便增加第二导向叉24之间的距离的可调节范围，使 其可以适配更多种类的电池。
可选择地，也可以仅在固定盘的一侧设有第一导向叉，相配合地，在固定盘的仅一侧设有伸出的第一导轨，而在固定盘的另一侧设置固定的导向叉。通过单侧的第一导向叉在第二方向上的移动，调节第一导向叉和固定的导向叉之间的距离，从而适配安装平台上装载的电池包的尺寸。
可选择地，也可以仅在托盘的一侧设有第二导向叉，相配合地，在托盘的仅一侧设置第二导轨，而在托盘的另一侧设置固定的导向叉。通过单侧的第二导向叉在第二方向上的移动，调节第二导向叉和固定的导向叉之间的距离，从而适配安装平台上装载的电池包的尺寸。
众所周知，不同型号的电池包，其长度尺寸和宽度尺寸均会不同，而不同型号的电动车可能会配备不同型号的电池包，如果为每种型号配备不同的换电设备将会大大增加换电站的成本，而该安装平台及包含其的换电设备通过设置可在第二方向上移动的第一导向叉和第二导向叉可以适配多种型号的车辆电池包，从而实现换电站的普适性。
本实施例示意了包含安装平台16的换电设备10，但是上述的安装平台16并不仅限于此，该安装平台16也可以应用于除本实施例示意的换电设备10以外的其他用于电池包更换或运输的设备上，以实现换电站的普适性。
图5根据本发明的实施例示意了一种控制方法，控制方法用于控制如上的安装平台16。
控制方法包括如下步骤：
步骤100：检测车辆的型号。
该检测可以是人工检测，即通过人眼识别车辆型号。
也可以是机器自动识别，例如在使用该安装平台16的换电站的车辆进口设置监控设备对车辆型号进行识别。这种车辆型号的识别技术在现有技术中已广泛应用，在此不再赘述。
步骤200：根据检测结果控制第一导向叉23和第二导向叉24的移动位 置。
不同的车辆型号对应不同尺寸的电池包，根据检测到的型号查找对应的电池包的尺寸，然后将第一导向叉23和第二导向叉24调整到预定位置，使得两个第一导向叉23之间的距离与相应车辆上锁基座之间的距离相适应，同时使两个第二导向叉24之间的距离与该电池包的宽度对应，这样安装平台16上的四个导向叉都能准确地适配电池包，从而顺利地安装及拆卸电池包。
如果步骤100中的是人工检测，则通过人为手动控制第一导向叉23和第二导向叉24的移动。
如果步骤100中是通过机器自动识别，那么相应地通过一控制单元接收监控设备的数据，再通过控制单元向第一驱动件发送指令，自动调节第一导向叉23和第二导向叉24的移动位置。该控制单元可以是使用该安装平台16的换电站的控制设备，也可以是单独设于安装平台16的具备信号传输和程序处理功能的设备等。
实施例2
图6和7根据本发明的优选实施例示意了一种换电设备10。该换电设备10包括升降机构12和安装平台16，升降机构12用于升降固定盘22。
升降机构12一般为剪式支撑结构，如图8所示，剪式支撑结构连接底盘11和固定盘22，剪式支撑结构包括交叉设置的第一支撑臂13和第二支撑臂14，第一支撑臂13的一端可滑动地铰接于固定盘22，第一支撑臂13的另一端固定地铰接于底盘11，第二支撑臂14的一端固定地铰接于固定盘22，第二支撑臂14的另一端可滑动地铰接于底板，举升驱动单元15连接于第一支撑臂13并驱动第一支撑臂13绕第一支撑臂13与底盘11的铰接点旋转。
可滑动地铰接为铰接点可以滑动，在本实施例中为水平滑动。固定地铰接为铰接点固定，不可移动。
第一支撑臂13和第二支撑臂14之间不相互铰接或连接。举升驱动单元15伸缩以使得第一支撑臂13旋转，从而升降固定盘22。
举升驱动单元15优选为液压驱动设备。
可选择地，升降机构12也可以采用丝杠螺母传动结构或直接的液压顶升结构等能够实现升降的机械结构。
安装平台16包括：托盘17和固定盘22。
托盘17用于承载电池。从电动车等车辆上卸下的亏电电池包和即将装到电动车上的满电电池包都被放置在托盘17上，以进行运送和安装。
托盘17设于固定盘22上并相对于固定盘22可在第一方向X上水平移动。
固定盘22和托盘17之间可以通过直线电机、丝杠螺母传动机构等驱动装置连接，从而实现托盘17相对于固定盘22的移动。
固定盘22的一侧设有第一导向叉23，第一导向叉23相对于固定盘22在与第一方向X垂直的第二方向Y上可水平移动。
固定盘22的一侧设有伸出的第一导轨25，第一导向叉23可滑动地设于第一导轨25上。
固定盘22上设有第一驱动件，第一驱动件用于驱动第一导向叉23在第一导轨25上滑动。
第一驱动件可以选择带轮驱动、丝杠螺母驱动、直线电机中的任一种。
固定盘22的另一侧设有与第一导向叉23相对应的位置设置有第二导向叉24，该固定导向叉19固定于固定盘22，不可移动。第一导向叉23和第二导向叉24用于与车辆的快换支架上的锁基座卡合。
通过第一导向叉23在第二方向Y上的移动，调节第一导向叉23和第二导向叉24在第二方向Y上的距离，从而适配安装平台16上装载的电池包的尺寸。
托盘17具有搭载层18和连接层21，连接层21设于固定盘22上并相 对于固定盘22可水平移动，搭载层18可拆卸地设于连接层21上方并设有固定导向叉19。固定导向叉19用于与电池包上的定位块卡合。
如图7所示，连接层21上固设有弹性件，搭载层18放置于弹性件上。搭载层18和连接层21之间的弹性件可以对搭载层18起到缓冲作用，防止对防止在搭载层18上的电池包的损伤，也可以调节竖直方向上的定位误差，方便电池包在安装和拆卸时的定位。
弹性件优选为弹簧20。
众所周知，不同型号的电池包，其长度尺寸和宽度尺寸均会不同，而不同型号的电动车可能会配备不同型号的电池包，如果为每种型号配备不同的换电设备10将会大大增加换电站的成本，而该安装平台16及包含其的换电设备10通过设置可在第二方向Y上移动的第一导向叉23和可替换的搭载层18可以适配多种型号的车辆电池包，从而实现换电站的普适性。
本实施例示意了包含安装平台16的换电设备10，但是上述的安装平台16并不仅限于此，该安装平台16也可以应用于除本实施例示意的换电设备10以外的其他用于电池包更换或运输的设备上，以实现换电站的普适性。
图9根据本发明的实施例示意了一种控制方法，控制方法用于控制如上的安装平台16。
控制方法包括如下步骤：
步骤100：检测车辆的型号。
该检测可以是人工检测，即通过人眼识别车辆型号。
也可以是机器自动识别，例如在使用该安装平台16的换电站的车辆进口设置监控设备对车辆型号进行识别。这种车辆型号的识别技术在现有技术中已广泛应用，在此不再赘述。
步骤200：根据检测结果控制第一导向叉23的移动位置并且在连接层21上安装与车辆的型号适配的搭载层18。
不同的车辆型号对应不同尺寸的电池包，根据检测到的型号查找对应的 电池包的尺寸，然后将第一导向叉23调整到预定位置，使得第一导向叉23和第二导向叉24之间的距离与该电池包的宽度对应，而搭载层18则选择与电池包的宽度对应的搭载层18，且搭载层上的固定叉之间的距离与该型号的电池包宽度对应，这样安装平台16上的四个导向叉都能准确地适配电池包，从而顺利地安装及拆卸电池包。
如果步骤100中的是人工检测，则通过人为手动控制第一导向叉23的移动，并人工选择搭载层18。
如果步骤100中是通过机器自动识别，那么相应地通过一控制单元接收监控设备的数据，再通过控制单元向第一驱动件发送指令，自动调节第一导向叉23的移动位置。该控制单元可以是使用该安装平台16的换电站的控制设备，也可以是单独设于安装平台16的具备信号传输和程序处理功能的设备等。
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制，除非文中另有说明。
虽然以上描述了本发明的具体实施方式，但是本领域的技术人员应当理解，这仅是举例说明，本发明的保护范围是由所附权利要求书限定的。本领域的技术人员在不背离本发明的原理和实质的前提下，可以对这些实施方式作出多种变更或修改，但这些变更和修改均落入本发明的保护范

Claims (18)

  1. 一种安装平台，其特征在于，其包括：托盘和固定盘；
    所述托盘用于承载电池，所述托盘设于所述固定盘上并能够相对于所述固定盘在第一方向上水平移动；
    所述固定盘的一侧设有第一导向叉，所述第一导向叉能够在与所述第一方向垂直的第二方向上水平移动；
    所述托盘的一侧设有第二导向叉，所述第二导向叉能够在所述第二方向上水平移动。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的安装平台，其特征在于，所述固定盘的一侧设有伸出的第一导轨，所述第一导向叉可滑动地设于所述第一导轨上。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的安装平台，其特征在于，所述固定盘上设有第一驱动件，所述第一驱动件用于驱动所述第一导向叉在所述第一导轨上滑动。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的安装平台，其特征在于，所述第一驱动件为带轮驱动、丝杠螺母驱动、直线电机中的任一个。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的安装平台，其特征在于，所述托盘的上表面设有第二导轨，所述第二导向叉可滑动地设于所述第二导轨上。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的安装平台，其特征在于，所述托盘上设有第二驱动件，所述第二驱动件用于驱动所述第二导向叉在所述第二导轨上滑动。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的安装平台，其特征在于，所述第二驱动件为带轮驱动、丝杠螺母驱动、直线电机中的任一个。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的安装平台，其特征在于，所述固定盘的两侧均设有所述第一导向叉；
    和/或，
    所述托盘的两侧均设有所述第二导向叉。
  9. 一种换电设备，其特征在于，其包括如权利要求1-8中任一项所述的 安装平台和升降机构，所述升降机构用于升降所述固定盘。
  10. 一种控制方法，其特征在于，所述控制方法用于控制如权利要求1-8中任一项所述的安装平台；所述控制方法包括如下步骤：
    S1：检测车辆的型号；
    S2：根据检测结果控制第一导向叉和第二导向叉的移动位置。
  11. 一种安装平台，其特征在于，其包括：托盘和固定盘；
    所述托盘用于承载电池；
    所述托盘设于所述固定盘上并相对于所述固定盘可在第一方向上水平移动；
    所述固定盘的一侧设有第一导向叉，所述第一导向叉相对于所述固定盘在与所述第一方向垂直的第二方向上可水平移动；
    所述托盘具有搭载层和连接层，所述连接层设于所述固定盘上并相对于所述固定盘可水平移动，所述搭载层可拆卸地设于所述连接层上方并设有固定导向叉。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的安装平台，其特征在于，所述固定盘的一侧设有伸出的第一导轨，所述第一导向叉可滑动地设于所述第一导轨上。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的安装平台，其特征在于，所述固定盘上设有第一驱动件，所述第一驱动件用于驱动所述第一导向叉在所述第一导轨上滑动。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的安装平台，其特征在于，所述第一驱动件为带轮驱动、丝杠螺母驱动、直线电机中的任一个。
  15. 如权利要求11所述的安装平台，其特征在于，所述连接层上固设有弹性件，所述搭载层放置于所述弹性件上。
  16. 如权利要求15所述的安装平台，其特征在于，所述弹性件为弹簧。
  17. 一种换电设备，其特征在于，其包括升降机构和如权利要求11-16中任一项所述的安装平台，所述升降机构用于升降所述固定盘。
  18. 一种控制方法，其特征在于，所述控制方法用于控制如权利要求11- 16中任一项所述的安装平台；所述控制方法包括如下步骤：
    S1：检测车辆的型号；
    S2：根据检测结果控制第一导向叉的移动位置并且在连接层上安装与所述车辆的型号适配的搭载层。
PCT/CN2020/083249 2019-04-03 2020-04-03 安装平台、换电设备及其控制方法 WO2020200313A1 (zh)

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