WO2020199975A1 - 立铣刀 - Google Patents

立铣刀 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020199975A1
WO2020199975A1 PCT/CN2020/080845 CN2020080845W WO2020199975A1 WO 2020199975 A1 WO2020199975 A1 WO 2020199975A1 CN 2020080845 W CN2020080845 W CN 2020080845W WO 2020199975 A1 WO2020199975 A1 WO 2020199975A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
hole
blade
inclined surface
clamping
end mill
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/080845
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘东亨
朱元锋
Original Assignee
京瓷株式会社
刘东亨
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 京瓷株式会社, 刘东亨 filed Critical 京瓷株式会社
Priority to JP2021557997A priority Critical patent/JP7238160B2/ja
Priority to CN202080025074.4A priority patent/CN113677467A/zh
Publication of WO2020199975A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020199975A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23C—MILLING
    • B23C5/00—Milling-cutters
    • B23C5/16—Milling-cutters characterised by physical features other than shape
    • B23C5/20—Milling-cutters characterised by physical features other than shape with removable cutter bits or teeth or cutting inserts
    • B23C5/22—Securing arrangements for bits or teeth or cutting inserts
    • B23C5/2204—Securing arrangements for bits or teeth or cutting inserts with cutting inserts clamped against the walls of the recess in the cutter body by a clamping member acting upon the wall of a hole in the insert
    • B23C5/2208—Securing arrangements for bits or teeth or cutting inserts with cutting inserts clamped against the walls of the recess in the cutter body by a clamping member acting upon the wall of a hole in the insert for plate-like cutting inserts 
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
    • B23B27/14—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material
    • B23B27/16—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material with exchangeable cutting bits or cutting inserts, e.g. able to be clamped
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23C—MILLING
    • B23C5/00—Milling-cutters
    • B23C5/02—Milling-cutters characterised by the shape of the cutter
    • B23C5/10—Shank-type cutters, i.e. with an integral shaft
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23C—MILLING
    • B23C5/00—Milling-cutters
    • B23C5/02—Milling-cutters characterised by the shape of the cutter
    • B23C5/10—Shank-type cutters, i.e. with an integral shaft
    • B23C5/1009—Ball nose end mills
    • B23C5/1027—Ball nose end mills with one or more removable cutting inserts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23C—MILLING
    • B23C5/00—Milling-cutters
    • B23C5/16—Milling-cutters characterised by physical features other than shape
    • B23C5/20—Milling-cutters characterised by physical features other than shape with removable cutter bits or teeth or cutting inserts
    • B23C5/22—Securing arrangements for bits or teeth or cutting inserts

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an end mill used in cutting processing.
  • the fixed installation of the blade of the ball-end end mill is done by a combination of a mounting screw or a combination of a mounting screw and a "V"-shaped restraining surface of the blade to install the blade on the tool holder mounting seat surface.
  • Patent Document 1 US 20020094244A1.
  • Patent Document 1 a cutting tool is introduced.
  • the surface of the blade of the cutting tool is provided with an arc surface, and the upper and lower jaws of the tool handle are provided with inner surfaces that match the arc surface of the blade.
  • the purpose of stably clamping the blade is achieved through the cooperation of the two curved surfaces.
  • it is difficult to process the curved surface and the yield rate is low.
  • An object of the present invention is to solve the problem of increasing processing difficulty in the prior art, and to provide an end mill that can improve the processing yield.
  • the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
  • An end mill is a rod body extending from front to back along a rotating shaft.
  • the end mill includes a handle, a blade and a fastener;
  • the front end of the knife handle is provided with a mounting seat, the mounting seat includes two oppositely arranged clamping arms, a gap is formed between the two clamping arms, the blade is detachably arranged in the gap, and the clamping
  • the arm is provided with a mounting hole, and the other clamp arm is provided with a fixing hole;
  • the blade is clamped and arranged in the gap, the blade rotates around the rotation axis, the front end of the blade is provided with a cutting edge for processing, and the blade includes two inner sides opposite to the two clamping arms. Clamping surface, and through holes opened on the two clamping surfaces, the fastener is connected to the fixing hole by inserting into the mounting hole and the through hole, so that the blade is detachably installed on the Mounting seat
  • the two clamping surfaces include a first clamping surface and a second clamping surface
  • the first clamping surface includes two first and second inclined surfaces that are arranged to be inclined relative to each other.
  • the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface abut and clamp, and the clamping arm clamps the blade.
  • the blade of the above-mentioned end mill is clamped and fixed by the mounting seat, and the surface of the blade includes two clamping surfaces.
  • the first clamping surface includes two inclined first and second inclined surfaces.
  • the manufacturing process of the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface is a plane processing process.
  • the inner surface of the clamping arm is complementary to the clamping surface, the machining operation of the clamping arm is also planar processing. In actual production, the processing and monitoring of the plane are relatively simple, easy to operate, and high in processing accuracy. Therefore, the processing difficulty of the insert and the clamping arm of the above-mentioned end mill is reduced, and the processing yield is improved.
  • Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of an end mill according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a perspective view of the mounting seat of the end mill shown in Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a sectional view of the mounting base shown in Figure 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the blade shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 5 is a front view of the blade shown in Figure 4.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the blade and the clamping arm shown in FIG. 4 in a section perpendicular to the rotation axis and including the central axis of the through hole;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the blade and clamping arm shown in FIG. 6;
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the blade and the clamping arm shown in Fig. 6;
  • Figure 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the blade and the fastener shown in Figure 1;
  • Fig. 10 is a top view of the mounting base shown in Fig. 2.
  • the present disclosure provides an end mill.
  • the end mills can be flat end mills, round nose end mills, etc.
  • the types of end mills are not limited here. Specifically, in this application, the end mills are described by using ball end mills as an example, and the rest will not be repeated. .
  • the end mill of this embodiment is a rod extending from front to back along the rotation axis.
  • the rod body rotates around its center axis, so the center axis of the rod body is the rotation axis of the end mill.
  • the position where the end mill cuts the workpiece is located at the front end of the end mill.
  • the other end of the end mill in the direction of the rotation axis is the rear end of the end mill.
  • the end mill includes a handle 1, a blade 2 and a fastener 3.
  • the blade 2 is detachably fixed to the handle 1 by a fastener 3.
  • the fastener 3 includes a head 31 and a column 32. Specifically, the fastener 3 is a screw that matches the mounting seat 10 and the blade 2.
  • the column 32 is a screw column, and the head 31 is a screw head. It can be understood that, in addition to screws, the fasteners 3 can also be matched with screws and nuts, and can also be fixedly connected.
  • the handle 1 is a cylinder.
  • the tool holder 1 is installed on the main shaft of the machine tool, so that the end mill can be driven to rotate around the axial direction of the tool holder 1, and the rotating end mill can process metal and other workpieces.
  • the axial direction of the tool holder 1 is the direction of the rotation axis.
  • the tool holder 1 is along the direction of the rotation axis, and one end close to the processing position is the front end of the tool holder, and oppositely, the other end of the tool holder is the rear end of the tool holder.
  • the mounting seat 10 is located at the front end of the tool holder 1.
  • the mounting base 10 is a part of the knife handle 1, and the mounting base 10 and the knife handle 1 are an integral structure.
  • the front end of the knife handle 1 is cut to form the mounting seat 10 through a cutting process.
  • the mounting base 10 is used to install the blade 2.
  • the blade 2 is a plate-shaped blade.
  • the end of the blade 2 close to the processing position is the front end 26 of the blade 2
  • the cutting edge 20 of the blade 2 is provided at the front end 26, and the other end of the blade 2 is the rear end 27 of the blade 2.
  • the direction from the front end 26 to the rear end 27 is the front-rear direction of the blade 2.
  • the front and rear direction of the blade 2 is the axial direction of the blade 2
  • the direction perpendicular to the axial direction and parallel to the plane where the blade 2 is located is the radial direction of the blade 2. As shown in Fig.
  • the direction of the rotation axis of the blade 2 is the X-axis direction
  • the radial direction of the blade 2 is the Y-axis direction
  • the direction perpendicular to the X-axis and Y-axis is the Z-axis direction.
  • the mounting base 10 includes two upper and lower clamping arms arranged oppositely. Among them, the two clamping arms are the first clamping arm 11 and the second clamping arm 12 respectively. The first clamping arm 11 is opposite to the second clamping arm 12.
  • a gap 13 is formed between the first clamping arm 11 and the second clamping arm 12.
  • the gap 13 is used to clamp the fixed blade 2.
  • the shape of the slit 13 matches the shape of the blade 2.
  • the shapes of the first clamping arm 11 and the second clamping arm 12 are complementary to the shape of the blade 2 to ensure that the first clamping arm 11 and the second clamping arm 12 can be closely attached to the blade 2.
  • the shape and size of the first clamping arm 11 and the second clamping arm 12 are also adapted to the shape and size of the blade 2, so that the inner surface of the first clamping arm 11 and the inner surface of the second clamping arm 12 can be completely aligned with the blade 2 The outer surface of the blade is fully contacted and stressed, so that the blade 2 is stably fixed in the gap 13.
  • Both the first clamping arm 11 and the second clamping arm 12 have an inner side surface and an outer side surface.
  • the inner side surface of the first clamping arm 11 and the inner side surface of the second clamping arm 12 are both located in the gap 13 and are two opposite inner sides.
  • the outer surface of the first clamping arm 11 and the outer surface of the second clamping arm 12 are located on opposite sides of the two inner surfaces.
  • the blade 2 is fixed by the mounting seat 10 and rotates around the rotation axis L.
  • the blade 2 is clamped and arranged in the gap 13.
  • the blade 2 includes two opposite clamping surfaces. Please refer to FIGS. 1 and 4 at the same time.
  • the two clamping surfaces include a first clamping surface 21 and a second clamping surface 22.
  • the first clamping surface 21 and the inner surface of the first clamping arm 11 abut against each other.
  • the second clamping surface 22 and the inner surface of the second clamping arm 12 abut against each other.
  • the first clamping surface 21 includes two inclined surfaces inclined to the central axis of the through hole 24.
  • the two inclined surfaces provided on the first clamping surface 21 are a first inclined surface 211 and a second inclined surface 212 respectively.
  • the first inclined surface 211 and the second inclined surface 212 are relatively inclined.
  • first clamping surface 21 and the second clamping surface 22 can also be interchanged. Then the first clamping surface 21 and the second clamping arm 12 are opposed to each other.
  • the specific positions of the first clamping surface 21 and the second clamping surface 22 are not limited here.
  • the first clamping arm 11 and the second clamping arm 12 clamp the blade 2 and provide the blade 2 with a binding force perpendicular to the rotation axis L and the two clamping surfaces of the blade 2.
  • the binding force is decomposed in the Z-axis direction and the Y-axis direction.
  • the first clamping arm 11 and the second clamping arm 12 provide a clamping force along the Z-axis direction to the blade 2 to ensure that the blade 2 remains stable in the Z-axis direction.
  • the first clamping arm 11 also provides a first radial restraining force in the radial direction to the blade 2, and the first radial restraining force is along the Y-axis direction.
  • the first radial restraining force can ensure that the blade 2 remains stable in the radial direction.
  • the first clamping arm 11 is provided with a mounting hole 111
  • the second clamping arm 12 is provided with a fixing hole 121.
  • the blade 2 is provided with a through hole 24.
  • the blade 2 is clamped in the first clamping arm 11 and the second clamping arm 12, and the mounting hole 111, the through hole 24 and the fixing hole 121 are arranged oppositely.
  • the mounting hole 111 is a smooth hole.
  • the fixing hole 121 is a threaded hole.
  • the through hole 24 is a smooth shaft hole.
  • the fastener 3 passes through the mounting hole 111 of the first clamping arm 11, the through hole 24 of the blade, and the second clamping arm 12 are screwed to fix the blade 2 on the mounting seat 10 detachably.
  • the first clamping surface 21 includes two inclined first inclined surfaces 211 and second inclined surfaces 212. Both the first inclined surface 211 and the second inclined surface 212 are flat surfaces. Then, the manufacturing process of the first clamping surface 21 is a planar manufacturing process. Correspondingly, since the inner surface of the first clamping arm 11 is complementary to the first clamping surface 21, the processing operation of the first clamping arm 11 is also planar processing. In actual production, the processing and monitoring of the plane are relatively simple, easy to operate, and high in processing accuracy. Therefore, the machining difficulty in the machining process of the above-mentioned end mill is reduced, and the machining yield is improved.
  • the first inclined surface 211 and the second inclined surface 212 are respectively provided on two sides of the central axis of the through hole 24 side.
  • first inclined surface 211 and the second inclined surface 212 may not be provided separately on both sides of the central axis of the through hole 24.
  • the length of the first inclined surface 211 is greater than the length of the second inclined surface 212, which can also achieve the purpose of reducing the processing difficulty of the end mill and improving the processing yield.
  • the first inclined surface 121 and the second inclined surface 122 are closer to the first inclined surface as they move away from the through hole 24.
  • Two clamping surface 22. Both the first inclined surface 211 and the second inclined surface 212 are flat surfaces.
  • the thickness of the blade 2 gradually decreases as it moves away from the through hole 24.
  • the thickness of the blade 2 is the width of the blade 2 in the direction along the central axis of the through hole 24. That is, as shown in FIG. 6, in a section perpendicular to the rotation axis and including the central axis of the through hole, in the radial direction of the blade 2, the middle portion of the blade 2 is thicker, and the left and right sides are thinner.
  • the first inclined surface 211 and the second inclined surface 212 are arranged in an arch shape.
  • the middle of the first clamping arm is concave.
  • the blade 2 is thicker and stronger at the rotation axis L, which can increase the overall rigidity of the end mill.
  • the first inclined surface 121 and the second inclined surface 122 may intersect, or another connecting surface (not shown) may be provided between the first inclined surface 121 and the second inclined surface 122. It is only necessary to ensure that the first inclined surface 121 and the second inclined surface 122 can approach the second clamping surface 22 as they move away from the through hole 24.
  • the first inclined surface 211 and the second inclined surface 212 intersect at the central axis of the through hole 24. Therefore, the above-mentioned connecting surface may not be provided between the first inclined surface 121 and the second inclined surface 122, so that the area of the first inclined surface 211 and the second inclined surface 212 is as large as possible, which can increase the contact area between the blade 2 and the first clamping arm 11 , To ensure that the blade 2 can be stably restrained on the mounting seat 10.
  • the first inclined surface 121 and the second inclined surface 122 are farther away from the second clamping surface 22 as they move away from the through hole 24.
  • the thickness of the blade 2 can also be gradually reduced from both sides of the blade 2 toward the direction of the rotation axis L of the blade 2. That is, in the section perpendicular to the rotation axis and including the central axis of the through hole, the middle portion of the blade 2 may also be thinner, and the first inclined surface 121 and the second inclined surface 122 are recessed. It is also possible to provide two inclined surfaces for abutting against the support arm, which reduces the processing difficulty of the end mill and improves the processing yield.
  • the first inclined surface 211 and the second inclined surface 212 intersect at the central axis of the through hole 24 of the blade and are inverted. V-shaped setting. Therefore, the plane contact area between the first inclined surface 211 and the second inclined surface 212 and the first clamping arm 11 is as large as possible, so that the restraint of the blade 2 is more stable.
  • the included angle between the first inclined surface 121 and the second inclined surface 122 is A, and the angle of A is 120 degrees to 170 degrees. That is, the angle between the first inclined surface 211 and the second inclined surface 212 is 120 degrees to 170 degrees, which can better distribute the restraining force in the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction, and ensure that the blade is in the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction. Of stability.
  • the included angle between the first inclined surface 211 and the second inclined surface 212 is 160 degrees. In other embodiments, the included angle between the first inclined surface 211 and the second inclined surface 212 may also be 120 degrees. Any angle within the range of ⁇ 170 degrees.
  • the first inclined surface 211 and the second inclined surface 212 are arranged symmetrically with respect to a plane where the rotation axis L and the central axis of the through hole 24 are located.
  • the first inclined surface 211 and the second inclined surface 212 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the plane of the rotation axis L and the central axis of the through hole 24, which can ensure that the restraining forces on the first inclined surface 211 and the second inclined surface 212 are also symmetrical, and ensure that the blade 2 receives
  • the symmetrical radial restraint force enables the blade 2 to maintain a better balance.
  • the second clamping surface 22 includes two inclined surfaces inclined to the central axis of the through hole 24.
  • the two inclined surfaces provided on the second clamping surface 22 are the third inclined surface 221 and the fourth inclined surface 222 respectively.
  • the inner surface of the second clamping arm 12 abuts and clamps the third inclined surface 221 and the fourth inclined surface 222.
  • the third inclined surface 221 and the fourth inclined surface 222 are both flat surfaces. Since the third inclined surface 221 and the fourth inclined surface 222 of the second clamping arm 12 are arranged obliquely, the second clamping arm 12 also provides a second radial restraining force in the radial direction to the second clamping surface 22 of the blade 2.
  • the second radial restraining force is along the Y-axis direction. The second radial restraint force can ensure that the blade 2 remains stable in the radial direction.
  • the first clamping surface 21 and the second clamping surface 22 are symmetrically arranged on the basis of a plane perpendicular to the central axis of the through hole 24 and passing through the center of the aforementioned central axis.
  • the first clamping surface 21 and the second clamping surface 22 are symmetrically arranged up and down with respect to the blade 2.
  • the first clamping surface 21 and the second clamping surface 22 are arranged symmetrically up and down with respect to the central axis surface B of the blade 2.
  • the central axis surface B of the blade 2 is a plane passing through the rotation axis L, perpendicular to the central axis, and passing through the center of the central axis.
  • the first clamping surface 21 and the second clamping surface 22 are arranged symmetrically up and down, which can ensure that the upper and lower forces of the blade 2 are symmetrical, and the blade 2 is not easy to shift due to uneven forces.
  • the angle between the first slope 211 and the second slope 212 is equal to the angle between the third slope 221 and the fourth slope 222.
  • the included angle between the first inclined surface 211 and the second inclined surface 212 is 120 degrees to 170 degrees.
  • the included angle between the third inclined surface 221 and the fourth inclined surface 222 is also 120 degrees to 170 degrees.
  • the inclination angles of the third inclined surface 221 and the fourth inclined surface 222 can better distribute the restraining force in the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction, and ensure the stability of the blade 2 in the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction.
  • the angle between the third inclined surface 221 and the fourth inclined surface 222 is 160 degrees.
  • the included angle between the third inclined surface 221 and the fourth inclined surface 222 may also be any angle within the range of 120 degrees to 170 degrees. It is only necessary to ensure that the included angle between the third inclined surface 221 and the fourth inclined surface 222 is equal to the included angle between the first inclined surface 211 and the second inclined surface 212.
  • first clamping surface 21 and the second clamping surface 22 have the same distance distribution with respect to the central axis surface B of the blade. Therefore, the forces on the first clamping surface 21 and the second clamping surface 22 are symmetrical, so that the blade maintains a balanced force. In addition, the distances from the four slopes of the first clamping surface 21 and the second clamping surface 22 to the rotation axis L are equal.
  • the 4 symmetrically arranged inclined surfaces can ensure that the above-mentioned end mill can have a high coaxiality.
  • the angle between the first inclined surface 211 and the second inclined surface 212 may not be equal to the angle between the third inclined surface 221 and the fourth inclined surface 222.
  • the first clamping surface 21 and the second clamping surface 22 are centered symmetrically on the basis of a plane passing through the center of the center axis of the through hole 24 and perpendicular to the center axis of the through hole 24.
  • the first clamping arm 11 exerts a centrally symmetrical restraining force on the first inclined surface 211 and the second inclined surface 212
  • the second clamping arm 12 exerts a centrally symmetrical restraining force on the third inclined surface 221 and the fourth inclined surface 222. It can also ensure that the upper and lower forces of the blade 2 are symmetrical, and the blade 2 can be stably fixed.
  • the second clamping surface 22 can also be a flat surface, and the second clamping surface 22 and the second clamping arm 12 are in planar contact, and the second clamping arm 12 can also be opposite to each other.
  • the second clamping surface 22 of the blade 2 generates a clamping force in the Z-axis direction.
  • the blade 2 is accommodated in the slit 13, and the rear end 27 of the blade 2 is provided with a rear end surface 271 for resisting the mounting seat 10.
  • the rear end surface 271 of the blade 2 abuts against the rear side wall 131 of the slit 13. Therefore, the rear side wall 131 of the mounting seat 10 and the rear end surface 271 of the blade 2 abut against each other, and the mounting seat 10 supports the blade 2 from the rear end of the blade 2.
  • the rear end surface 271 is flat.
  • the mounting base 10 can be in stable contact with the blade 2 through the rear end surface 271 to ensure that the blade 2 can be supported stably.
  • the blade 2 is detachably mounted on the mounting seat 10 by a fastener 3.
  • the fastener 3 passes through the blade 2 and is connected to the mounting seat 10. It can be understood that the fastener 3 is a screw that matches the mounting base 10 and the blade 2.
  • the fastener 3 includes a head 31 and a post 32.
  • the column 32 is a screw column
  • the head 31 is a screw head.
  • the mounting hole 111 is used to receive the head 31 of the fastener 3.
  • the outer surface of the head 31 fits against the inner surface of the mounting hole 111.
  • the mounting hole 111 is a tapered counterbore.
  • the inner side wall of the mounting hole 111 is a tapered supporting surface 112.
  • the head 31 of the fastener 3 is tapered, and the head 31 has a tapered outer surface 311.
  • the tapered supporting surface 112 and the tapered outer surface 311 cooperate and abut each other.
  • the mounting hole 111 is not necessarily a counterbore, and the head 31 of the fastener 3 is not necessarily received in the mounting hole 311. It is only required that the fastener 3 can pass through the first clamping arm 11 and the head 31 abuts against the outer surface of the first clamping arm 11.
  • the mounting hole 111 may also be a counterbore of other shapes, as long as the inner side wall of the mounting hole 111 can provide a supporting surface for supporting.
  • the tapered supporting surface 112 and the fixing hole 121 are eccentrically arranged.
  • the center of the tapered supporting surface 112 is offset toward the rear end.
  • the front end side of the head 31 closes to a part of the tapered support surface 112 close to the front end.
  • the fixing hole 121 is divided into a threaded section 122 and a smooth section 123 along its axial direction.
  • the smooth section 123 is located on the side close to the blade 2, and the threaded section 122 is threadedly connected with the cylinder 32.
  • the smooth section 123 is not provided with threads as shaft holes.
  • the fixing hole 121 is used for connecting the column 32 of the fastener 3.
  • the end of the cylinder 32 away from the head 31 is provided with an external thread 322, and the other part of the cylinder 32 is a smooth surface 323.
  • the cylinder 32 is threadedly connected with the fixing hole 121 through an external thread 322.
  • the cylinder 32 Before the cylinder 32 penetrates into the threaded section 122 for screw connection, the cylinder 32 can be positioned through the shaft hole of the smooth section 123. After the position of the threaded section 122 is determined, the cylinder 32 can be rotated to make the cylinder 32 and the mounting base 10 are screwed tightly.
  • the threaded section 122 of the second clamp arm 12 is threadedly connected with the external thread 322 of the cylinder 32, and the smooth surface 323 of the remaining part of the cylinder 32 is matched with the smooth section 123 of the fixing hole 121 to facilitate control of the position accuracy of the fastener 3.
  • the central axis of the mounting hole 111 and the central axis of the fixing hole 121 are eccentrically arranged, and at the same time, the central axis of the fastener 3 and the central axis of the through hole 24 are eccentric. Therefore, during the locking process of the fastener 3, displacement occurs during extrusion, and the smooth surface 323 of the cylinder 32 in the through hole 24 is in surface contact with the inner side wall 241 of the through hole 24, resulting in an axial constraint along the direction of the rotation axis L force. Therefore, the machining accuracy of the through hole 24 is not high, which reduces the manufacturing difficulty.
  • the insert 2 receives an axial reaction force. Since the rear side 131 of the mounting seat supports the rear end surface 271 of the insert 2, the mounting seat 10 can bear most of the axial reaction force. Since the mounting seat 10 can offset most of the axial reaction, the remaining axial reaction can be offset by the axial restraining force. Therefore, the fastener 3 only bears less axial reaction force, which can reduce the loss of the fastener 3 and increase the life of the fastener 3.
  • the traditional end mill uses the arc surface contact scheme between the blade and the clamp arm, firstly, the machining difficulty angle of the arc surface is difficult to monitor, and the accuracy is more difficult to monitor; and the arc radius of the blade is smaller than the arc surface of the clamp arm For the radius of curvature, the contact between the two arc surfaces between the blade and the clamp arm can usually only be 3 or 4 lines. Therefore, the contact area between the blade and the clamping arm is small, the blade cannot be restrained and fixed stably, and the blade is prone to deflection.
  • the blade 2 and the clamping arm are contacted and restrained by four inclined surfaces: the first inclined surface 211, the second inclined surface 212, the third inclined surface 221, and the fourth inclined surface 222.
  • At least three inclined surfaces can be kept in contact between the mounting seat 10 and the blade 2 at the same time, which can provide a good binding force and can prevent the blade 2 from deflecting.
  • the above-mentioned end mill can have a high degree of concentricity.

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Milling Processes (AREA)

Abstract

一种立铣刀，立铣刀包括刀柄（1）、刀片（2）及紧固件（3），刀柄（1）的前端设有安装座（10），安装座（10）包括相对设置的两夹臂（11,12），两夹臂（11,12）之间形成有夹缝（13），刀片（2）夹持设置于夹缝（13）内。刀片（2）开设有贯通孔（24），刀片（2）包括相对设置的第一夹紧面（21）及第二夹紧面（22）。在垂直于旋转轴且包含贯通孔（24）的中心轴的断面中，第一夹紧面（21）包括两相对倾斜设置的第一斜面（211）及第二斜面（212）。夹臂的内侧面与第一斜面（211）及第二斜面（212）抵接夹持，夹臂夹紧刀片（2）。该立铣刀制作难度降低，提高加工良率。

Description

立铣刀 技术领域
本发明涉及一种切削加工中使用的立铣刀。
背景技术
目前，对于球头立铣刀的刀片的固定安装都是通过安装螺丝，或者安装螺丝与刀片“V”形拘束面相组合的形式，来把刀片安装在刀柄安装座面上。通过保证刀片中心孔的精度，或者中心孔的精度与“V”形面的精度，来保证刀片与刀柄的安装同轴精度。
专利文献1：US 20020094244A1。
在该专利文献1中介绍了一种切削工具，该切削工具的刀片的表面设有弧形面，刀柄的上鄂片、下鄂片设有与刀片的弧形面相适配的内侧面，通过两个弧形面配合实现稳定夹持刀片的目的。但是在实际生产中，弧形曲面的加工难度较大，良率较低。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的在于解决现有技术中加工难度加大的问题，提供一种能够提高加工良率的立铣刀。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用如下技术方案：
一种立铣刀，是沿着旋转轴由前向后延伸的棒体，所述立铣刀包括刀柄、刀片及紧固件；
所述刀柄的前端设有安装座，所述安装座包括两相对设置的夹臂，两所述夹臂之间形成有夹缝，所述刀片可拆卸设于所述夹缝内，一所述夹臂上开设有安装孔，另一所述夹臂上开设有固定孔；
所述刀片夹持设置于所述夹缝内，所述刀片绕所述旋转轴转动，所述刀片的前端开设有用于加工的刀刃，所述刀片包括相对于两所述夹臂的内侧面的两夹紧面，及开设于两所述夹紧面上的贯通孔，所述紧固件通过插入所述安装孔及贯通孔与所述固定孔连接，使得所述刀片可拆卸地设于所述安装座上；
两所述夹紧面包括第一夹紧面及第二夹紧面；
在垂直于所述旋转轴且包含所述贯通孔的中心轴的断面中，所述第一夹紧面包括两相对倾斜设置的第一斜面及第二斜面，所述夹臂的内侧面与所述第一斜面及第二斜面抵接夹持，所述夹臂夹紧所述刀片。由上述技术方案可知，本发明至少具有如下优点和积极效果：
本发明中，上述立铣刀的刀片通过安装座夹持固定，刀片的表面包括两夹紧面。其中，第一夹紧面包括两相对倾斜设置的第一斜面及第二斜面。对于第一斜面与第二斜面的制作过程为平面的加工过程。相应的，由于夹臂的内侧面与夹紧面互补，则对于夹臂的加工操作也为平面加工。在实际生产中，对于平面的加工和监控均相对简单，并且容易操作，加工精度较高。因此，上述立铣刀的刀片及夹臂的加工难度降低，提高加工良率。
附图说明
图1为本发明一实施方式的立铣刀的剖面图；
图2为根据图1所示的立铣刀的安装座的立体图；
图3为根据图2所示的安装座的剖面图；
图4为根据图1所示的刀片的立体结构示意图；
图5为根据图4所示的刀片的正面图；
图6为根据图4所示的刀片与夹臂在垂直于旋转轴且包含贯通孔的中心轴的断面中的示意图；
图7为根据图6所示的刀片与夹臂的另一实施方式的示意图；
图8为根据图6所示的刀片与夹臂的另一实施方式的示意图；
图9为根据图1所示的刀片与紧固件的剖面示意图；
图10为根据图2所示的安装座的俯视图。
附图标记说明如下：
1、刀柄；10、安装座；
11、第一夹臂；111、安装孔；112、锥形支撑面；
12、第二夹臂；121、固定孔；122、螺纹段；123、光滑段；
13、夹缝；131、后侧壁；
2、刀片；
20、刀刃；
21、第一夹紧面；22、第二夹紧面；
211、第一斜面；212、第二斜面；
221、第三斜面；222、第四斜面；
23、过渡面；
24、贯通孔；241、内侧壁；
26、前端；27、后端；271、后端端面；
3、紧固件；
31、头部；311、锥形外表面；
32、柱体；321、台阶部；322、外螺纹；323、光滑表面。
具体实施方式
体现本发明特征与优点的典型实施方式将在以下的说明中详细叙述。应理解的是本发明能够在不同的实施方式上具有各种的变化，其皆不脱离本发明的范围，且其中的说明及图示在本质上是当作说明之用，而非用以限制本发明。
本公开提供了一种立铣刀。立铣刀可以为平头立铣刀、圆鼻立铣刀等，此处对立铣刀的种类不做限定，具体在本申请中立铣刀以球头立铣刀为例进行说明，其他不再赘述。
请参阅图1，本实施方式的立铣刀是沿着旋转轴由前向后延伸的棒体。该棒体绕其中 心轴转动，因此该棒体的中心轴即为立铣刀的旋转轴。其中，立铣刀对加工件进行切削的位置位于立铣刀的前端，相对于前端，立铣刀沿旋转轴方向的另一端为立铣刀的后端。
立铣刀包括刀柄1、刀片2及紧固件3。刀片2通过紧固件3可拆卸的固定于刀柄1上。
紧固件3包括头部31及柱体32。具体地，紧固件3为与安装座10与刀片2相适配的螺丝。柱体32为螺丝柱，头部31为螺头。可以理解，紧固件3除了螺丝，还可以为螺杆、螺母配合，也可以实现固定连接。
刀柄1为一圆柱体。将刀柄1安装在机床上的主轴上，从而可以带动该立铣刀绕刀柄1的轴向方向旋转，旋转的立铣刀能够对金属等工件的加工。刀柄1的轴向即为旋转轴方向。刀柄1沿旋转轴方向，靠近加工位置的一端为刀柄的前端，相对的，刀柄的另一端为刀柄的后端。
具体在本实施方式中，安装座10位于刀柄1的前端。安装座10为刀柄1的一部分，安装座10与刀柄1为一体结构。刀柄1的前端通过切割工艺，将刀柄1的前端切割形成安装座10。安装座10用于安装刀片2。
刀片2为一板状刀片。在旋转轴方向上，刀片2靠近加工位置的一端为刀片2的前端26，刀片2的刀刃20设于前端26，刀片2的另一端为刀片2的后端27。从前端26到后端27的方向，为刀片2的前后方向。沿刀片2的旋转轴方向，刀片2的前后方向即为刀片2轴向，垂直于轴向方向、且平行于刀片2所在平面的方向为刀片2径向。如图2所示，为方便说明，现规定刀片2的旋转轴方向为X轴方向，刀片2的径向为Y轴方向，垂直于X轴及Y轴的方向为Z轴方向。
请参阅图2及图3，安装座10包括两个上、下相对设置的夹臂。其中，两个夹臂分别为第一夹臂11及第二夹臂12。第一夹臂11与第二夹臂12相对设置。
第一夹臂11与第二夹臂12之间形成有夹缝13。夹缝13用于夹持固定刀片2。夹缝13的形状与刀片2的形状相匹配。第一夹臂11与第二夹臂12的形状与刀片2的形状互补，以保证第一夹臂11与第二夹臂12能够与刀片2相紧密贴紧。并且，第一夹臂11与第二夹臂12的形状大小与刀片2的形状大小也相适配，则第一夹臂11的内侧面与第二夹臂12的内侧面能够完全与刀片2的外侧面充分接触受力，使刀片2稳定固定于夹缝13内。
第一夹臂11与第二夹臂12均设有内侧面与外侧面。第一夹臂11的内侧面及第二夹臂12的内侧面均介于夹缝13内，且为相对设置的两内侧面。第一夹臂11的外侧面及第二夹臂12的外侧面为位于两内侧面的相反侧。
刀片2通过安装座10固定，并绕旋转轴L转动。刀片2夹持设置于夹缝13内。
刀片2包括两相对设置的夹紧面。请同时参阅图1及图4，其中，两夹紧面包括第一夹紧面21及第二夹紧面22。第一夹紧面21与第一夹臂11的内侧面相互抵持。第二夹紧面22与第二夹臂12的内侧面相互抵持。
第一夹紧面21包括倾斜于贯通孔24的中心轴的两斜面。其中，设于第一夹紧面21上的两斜面分别为第一斜面211及第二斜面212。第一斜面211与第二斜面212相对倾斜设置。
在其他实施方式中，第一夹紧面21与第二夹紧面22的位置也可以互换。则第一夹紧面21与第二夹臂12相对抵持。此处对第一夹紧面21与第二夹紧面22的具体位置并不做限定。
第一夹臂11及第二夹臂12夹紧刀片2，对刀片2提供垂直于旋转轴L、及刀片2的两夹紧面的约束力。约束力在Z轴方向、Y轴方向进行分解。首先，第一夹臂11及第二夹臂12对刀片2提供沿Z轴方向的夹紧力，以保证刀片2在Z轴方向上保持的稳定。另外，由于第一斜面211及第二斜面212倾斜设置，则第一夹臂11对刀片2还提供沿径向方向的第一径向约束力，第一径向约束力沿Y轴方向。第一径向约束力可以保证刀片2在径向方向上保持稳定。
并且，第一夹臂11上开设有安装孔111，第二夹臂12上开设有固定孔121。刀片2开设有贯通孔24。刀片2夹持在第一夹臂11及第二夹臂12中，则安装孔111、贯通孔24及固定孔121相对设置。其中，安装孔111为光滑孔。固定孔121为螺纹孔。贯通孔24为光滑轴孔。紧固件3穿过第一夹臂11的安装孔111、刀片的贯通孔24与第二夹臂12螺纹固定，将刀片2可拆卸固定于安装座10上。
在上述立铣刀中，由于第一夹紧面21包括两倾斜设置的第一斜面211及第二斜面212。第一斜面211及第二斜面212均为平面。则对于第一夹紧面21的制作过程为平面的加工过程。相应的，由于第一夹臂11的内侧面与第一夹紧面21互补，则对于第一夹臂11的加工操作也为平面加工。在实际生产中，对于平面的加工和监控均相对简单，并且容易操作，加工精度较高。因此，上述立铣刀的加工过程的加工难度降低，提高加工良率。
请参阅图6，具体在本实施方式中，在垂直于旋转轴L且包含贯通孔24的中心轴的断面中，第一斜面211及第二斜面212分别设于贯通孔24的中心轴的两侧。
可以理解，如图7所示，在其他实施方式中，第一斜面211及第二斜面212也不一定分设在贯通孔24的中心轴的两侧。在垂直于旋转轴L且包含贯通孔24的中心轴的断面中，第一斜面211的长度大于第二斜面212的长度，同样可以实现降低立铣刀的加工难度的目的，提高加工良率。
请参阅图6，具体在本实施方式中，在垂直于所述旋转轴且包含所述贯通孔的中心轴的断面中，第一斜面121及第二斜面122随着远离贯通孔24越接近第二夹紧面22。第一斜面211及第二斜面212均为平面。
并且，在垂直于所述旋转轴且包含所述贯通孔的中心轴的断面中，刀片2的厚度随着远离贯通孔24逐渐变小。刀片2的厚度为刀片2在沿着贯通孔24的中心轴方向的宽度。即，如图6所示，在垂直于旋转轴且包含贯通孔的中心轴的断面中，在刀片2的径向方向上，刀片2的中部较厚，左右两侧较薄。第一斜面211与第二斜面212呈拱形设置。相应 地，第一夹臂的中部呈凹陷状。刀片2在旋转轴L处的厚度较大、强度较强，可以提高立铣刀的整体刚性。
第一斜面121与第二斜面122之间可以相交，或者，第一斜面121与第二斜面122之间还可以设有其他连接面(图未示)。只要保证第一斜面121与第二斜面122能够随着远离贯通孔24越接近第二夹紧面22即可。
具体在本实施方式中，在垂直于旋转轴L且包含贯通孔24的中心轴的断面中，第一斜面211与第二斜面212于贯通孔24的中心轴处相交。则第一斜面121与第二斜面122之间也可以不设有上述连接面，使第一斜面211与第二斜面212的面积尽量大，可以增大刀片2与第一夹臂11的接触面积，保证刀片2能够稳定约束于安装座10上。
在其他实施方式中，在垂直于所述旋转轴且包含所述贯通孔的中心轴的断面中，第一斜面121及第二斜面122随着远离贯通孔24越远离第二夹紧面22。刀片2的厚度由刀片2的两侧向刀片2的旋转轴L方向也可以逐渐减小。即，在垂直于所述旋转轴且包含贯通孔的中心轴的断面中，刀片2的中部也可以较薄，第一斜面121及第二斜面122呈凹陷设置。同样也可以提供两个用于与支臂相抵接的斜面，使立铣刀的加工难度降低，提高加工良率。
具体在本实施方式中，在垂直于所述旋转轴且包含所述贯通孔的中心轴的断面中，第一斜面211与第二斜面212在刀片的贯通孔24的中心轴处相交，呈倒V形设置。则第一斜面211、第二斜面212与第一夹臂11平面接触面积尽量大，使刀片2的约束更稳定。
并且，如图5所示，第一斜面121与第二斜面122之间的夹角为A，A的角度为120度～170度。即，第一斜面211与第二斜面212之间的夹角为120度～170度，可以使约束力在Y轴方向及Z轴方向更好的分散，保证刀片在Y轴方向、Z轴方向的稳定。
具体在本实施方式中，第一斜面211与第二斜面212之间的夹角为160度，在其他实施方式中，第一斜面211与第二斜面212之间的夹角还可以是120度～170度范围内的任意角度。
第一斜面211与第二斜面212关于旋转轴L和贯通孔24的中心轴所在的平面对称设置。第一斜面211与第二斜面212关于旋转轴L与贯通孔24的中心轴所在的平面对称设置，可以保证第一斜面211与第二斜面212上受到的约束力也保持对称，保证刀片2受到的对称的径向约束力，使刀片2能够更好地保持平衡。
请参阅图5及图6，第二夹紧面22包括倾斜于贯通孔24的中心轴的两斜面。其中，设于第二夹紧面22上的两斜面分别为第三斜面221及第四斜面222。第二夹臂12的内侧面与第三斜面221及第四斜面222抵接夹持。第三斜面221及第四斜面222均为平面。则由于第二夹臂12的第三斜面221及第四斜面222倾斜设置，则第二夹臂12对刀片2的第二夹紧面22还提供沿径向方向的第二径向约束力，第二径向约束力沿Y轴方向。第二径向约束力可以保证刀片2在径向方向上保持稳定。
具体在本实施方式中，以垂直于贯通孔24的中心轴，并且以穿过上述中心轴中央的 平面为基准，第一夹紧面21和第二夹紧面22对称设置。
具体地，如图5中所示，第一夹紧面21和第二夹紧面22关于刀片2上、下对称设置。第一夹紧面21与第二夹紧面22关于刀片2的中轴面B上、下对称设置。其中，刀片2的中轴面B为通过旋转轴L、垂直于中心轴、且穿过中心轴的中央的平面。第一夹紧面21和第二夹紧面22上下对称设置，可以保证刀片2的上、下受力对称，刀片2不容易由于受力不均而发生偏移。
第一斜面211与第二斜面212的夹角大小与第三斜面221与第四斜面222的夹角大小相等。如图5所示，第一斜面211与第二斜面212之间的夹角为120度～170度。则，第三斜面221与第四斜面222之间的夹角也为120度～170度。第三斜面221、第四斜面222的倾斜角度可以使约束力在Y轴方向及Z轴方向更好的分散，保证刀片2在Y轴方向、Z轴方向的稳定。
具体在本实施方式中，第三斜面221与第四斜面222之间的夹角为160度。在其他实施方式中，第三斜面221与第四斜面222之间的夹角还可以是120度～170度范围内的任意角度。只要保证第三斜面221与第四斜面222之间的夹角等于第一斜面211与第二斜面212之间的夹角即可。
并且，第一夹紧面21与第二夹紧面22相对于刀片的中轴面B的距离分布相同。因此，第一夹紧面21与第二夹紧面22上的受力对称，使刀片保持受力平衡。并且，第一夹紧面21及第二夹紧面22的4个斜面到旋转轴L的距离相等。4个对称设置的斜面可以保证上述立铣刀可以具有较高的同轴度。
在其他实施方式中，第一斜面211与第二斜面212的夹角大小可以不等于第三斜面221与第四斜面222的夹角大小。
在其他实施方式中，如图7所示，以垂直于贯通孔24的中心轴，并且以穿过上述中心轴中央的平面为基准，第一夹紧面21和第二夹紧面22中心对称设置。第一夹臂11对第一斜面211及第二斜面212、第二夹臂12对第三斜面221与第四斜面222产生的呈中心对称的约束力。同样也可以保证刀片2的上下受力对称，保证刀片2能够稳定固定。
在其他实施方式中，如图8所示，第二夹紧面22还可以为平面，第二夹紧面22与第二夹臂12之间为平面接触，则第二夹臂12还可以对刀片2的第二夹紧面22产生沿Z轴方向的夹紧力。
并且，如图1所示，刀片2收容于夹缝13内，刀片2的后端27设有后端端面271用于与安装座10相抵持。刀片2的后端端面271与夹缝13的后侧壁131相抵持。因此，安装座10的后侧壁131与刀片2的后端端面271相互抵接，安装座10从刀片2的后端对刀片2产生支撑作用。并且，后端端面271为平面。安装座10通过后端端面271可以与刀片2稳定接触，以保证能够稳定支撑刀片2。刀片2通过紧固件3可拆卸设于安装座10上。紧固件3穿过刀片2与安装座10连接。可以理解，紧固件3为与安装座10与刀片2相适配的螺丝。
具体在本实施方式中，请参阅图1，紧固件3包括头部31及柱体32。柱体32为螺丝柱，头部31为螺头。
请同时参阅图9，具体在本实施方式中，安装孔111用于收容紧固件3的头部31。头部31的外侧面与安装孔111的内侧面配合抵持。安装孔111为锥形沉孔。安装孔111的内侧壁为锥形支撑面112。相应地，紧固件3的头部31为锥形，头部31具有锥形外表面311。锥形支撑面112与锥形外表面311相互配合抵接。
在其他实施方式中，安装孔111不一定为沉孔，紧固件3的头部31不一定收容于安装孔311内。只需要紧固件3能够穿过第一夹臂11，并且头部31与第一夹臂11的外侧面相抵接即可。并且，安装孔111还可以为其他形状沉孔，只要安装孔111的内侧壁能够提供起到支撑作用的支撑面即可。
请参阅图10，锥形支撑面112与固定孔121为偏芯设置。且锥形支撑面112的中心偏向后端设置。头部31靠近的前端一侧与靠近前端的锥形支撑面112部分抵接。则在安装紧固件3的时候，紧固件3受力，头部31靠前的一侧与安装孔111靠前的一侧相互抵持，锥形支撑面112能够支撑紧固件3的头部31，产生沿贯通孔24的中心轴方向的夹紧力。夹紧力沿Z轴方向。
请参阅图1，具体在本实施方式中，固定孔121沿其轴向划分为螺纹段122及光滑段123。光滑段123位于靠近刀片2的一侧，螺纹段122与柱体32螺纹连接。光滑段123不设有螺纹为轴孔。固定孔121用于紧固件3的柱体32进行连接的。相应地，柱体32远离头部31的一端设有外螺纹322，柱体32的其他部分为光滑表面323。柱体32通过外螺纹322与固定孔121实现螺纹连接。
柱体32在穿入到螺纹段122进行螺纹连接之前，柱体32可以通过光滑段123的轴孔进行位置确定，当确定螺纹段122的位置之后，即可进行旋转柱体32，使柱体32与安装座10螺纹紧固连接。第二夹臂12的螺纹段122与柱体32的外螺纹322螺纹连接，其余部分柱体32的光滑表面323与固定孔121的光滑段123配合，可以方便控制紧固件3的位置精度。
请参阅图9，安装孔111的中心轴与固定孔121的中心轴为偏芯设置，同时，紧固件3的中心轴与贯通孔24的中心轴偏芯。所以紧固件3在锁紧过程中，在挤压产生位移，柱体32位于贯通孔24内的光滑表面323与贯通孔24的内侧壁241面接触，产生沿旋转轴L方向的轴向约束力。因此，对于贯通孔24加工精度要求不高，降低制造难度。
并且，在立铣刀的切削过程中，刀片2受到轴向反作用力，由于安装座的后侧面131支撑刀片2的后端端面271，安装座10可以承受大部分的轴向反作用力。由于安装座10能够抵消大部分的轴向反作用，剩余的轴向反作用力可以通过轴向约束力相抵消。因此，紧固件3仅承受较少的轴向反作用力，可以减少对紧固件3的损耗，增长紧固件3的寿命。
由于传统立铣刀的使用刀片与夹臂之间通过弧面接触的方案中，首先，弧面的加工难度角度，精度较难监控；并且，刀片的弧面曲率半径要小于夹臂的弧面的曲率半径，对于 刀片与夹臂之间的两个弧面的接触通常只能为3条或4条线接触。因此，刀片与夹臂之间的接触面积较小，刀片不能稳定约束固定，刀片容易发生偏转。
上述立铣刀相对于传统立铣刀，刀片2与夹臂之间通过第一斜面211、第二斜面212、第三斜面221及第四斜面222这4个斜面实现接触约束。安装座10与刀片2之间至少可以保持3个斜面同时接触，可以提供很好的约束力，能够防止刀片2发生偏转。
即使在存在加工偏差的情况下，本申请的刀片2与夹臂之间也至少会有一个斜面接触，并且其他3个斜面与夹臂之间至少有一条线接触。因此，本实施方式的立铣刀的刀片2与夹臂之间的约束面积较大，保证约束更稳定。
并且，由于第一夹紧面21及第二夹紧面22的4个斜面到旋转轴L的距离直接影响刀片2的同轴度，斜面距离旋转轴L的距离更加容易控制，精度更容易保证。因此，上述立铣刀可以具有较高的同轴度。
虽然已参照几个典型实施方式描述了本发明，但应当理解，所用的术语是说明和示例性、而非限制性的术语。由于本发明能够以多种形式具体实施而不脱离发明的精神或实质，所以应当理解，上述实施方式不限于任何前述的细节，而应在随附权利要求所限定的精神和范围内广泛地解释，因此落入权利要求或其等效范围内的全部变化和改型都应为随附权利要求所涵盖。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种立铣刀，是沿着旋转轴由前向后延伸的棒体，其特征在于，所述立铣刀包括刀柄、刀片及紧固件；
    所述刀柄的前端设有安装座，所述安装座包括两相对设置的夹臂，两所述夹臂之间形成有夹缝，所述刀片可拆卸设于所述夹缝内，一所述夹臂上开设有安装孔，另一所述夹臂上开设有固定孔；
    所述刀片夹持设置于所述夹缝内，所述刀片绕所述旋转轴转动，所述刀片的前端开设有用于加工的刀刃，所述刀片包括相对于两所述夹臂的内侧面的两夹紧面，及开设于两所述夹紧面上的贯通孔，所述紧固件通过插入所述安装孔及贯通孔与所述固定孔连接，使得所述刀片可拆卸地设于所述安装座上；
    两所述夹紧面包括第一夹紧面及第二夹紧面；
    在垂直于所述旋转轴且包含所述贯通孔的中心轴的断面中，所述第一夹紧面包括两相对倾斜设置的第一斜面及第二斜面，所述夹臂的内侧面与所述第一斜面及第二斜面抵接夹持，所述夹臂夹紧所述刀片。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的立铣刀，其特征在于，在垂直于所述旋转轴且包含所述贯通孔的中心轴的断面中，所述第一斜面及第二斜面分别设于所述贯通孔的中心轴的两侧。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的立铣刀，其特征在于，在垂直于所述旋转轴且包含所述贯通孔的中心轴的断面中，所述第一斜面及第二斜面随着远离所述贯通孔越接近第二夹紧面。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的立铣刀，其特征在于，在垂直于所述旋转轴且包含所述贯通孔的中心轴的断面中，所述刀片的厚度随着远离所述贯通孔的中心轴逐渐变小。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的立铣刀，其特征在于，在垂直于所述旋转轴且包含所述贯通孔的中心轴的断面中，所述第一斜面及所述第二斜面于所述贯通孔的中心轴处相交。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的立铣刀，其特征在于，所述第一斜面与所述第二斜面为平面。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的立铣刀，其特征在于，所述第一斜面与所述第二斜面之间的夹角为120度～170度。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的立铣刀，其特征在于，所述第一斜面与所述第二斜面关于所述旋转轴和所述贯通孔的中心轴所在的平面对称设置。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的立铣刀，其特征在于，所述第二夹紧面包括倾斜于所述贯通孔的中心轴的第三斜面及第四斜面，所述夹臂的内侧面与所述第三斜面及所述第四斜面抵接夹持。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的立铣刀，其特征在于，以垂直于所述中心轴，并且以穿过所述中心轴中央的平面为基准，所述第一夹紧面和所述第二夹紧面对称设置。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的立铣刀，其特征在于，所述贯通孔的中心轴与所述固定孔的中心轴偏芯设置。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的立铣刀，其特征在于，所述紧固件包括柱体及头部，所述柱体从所述安装孔穿入所述贯通孔、所述固定孔与所述安装座连接，所述头部与开设有所述安装孔的夹臂的外侧面抵接，所述柱体的一侧与所述贯通孔的内侧壁相抵持。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的立铣刀，其特征在于，所述安装孔为锥形沉孔，所述安装孔的内侧壁为锥形支撑面，所述头部包括锥形外表面，所述锥形支撑面与所述锥形外表面相互配合抵接。
  14. 根据权利要求1所述的立铣刀，其特征在于，所述固定孔沿其轴向划分为螺纹段及光滑段，所述光滑段位于所述固定孔靠近所述刀片的一侧，所述螺纹段与所述紧固件螺纹连接。
  15. 根据权利要求1所述的立铣刀，其特征在于，所述刀片的后端端面与所述夹缝的后侧壁相抵持。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的立铣刀，其特征在于，所述刀片的后端端面为平面。
PCT/CN2020/080845 2019-04-01 2020-03-24 立铣刀 WO2020199975A1 (zh)

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