WO2020193162A1 - Câble de transmission électrique de données et procédé de fabrication d'un câble - Google Patents

Câble de transmission électrique de données et procédé de fabrication d'un câble Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020193162A1
WO2020193162A1 PCT/EP2020/056669 EP2020056669W WO2020193162A1 WO 2020193162 A1 WO2020193162 A1 WO 2020193162A1 EP 2020056669 W EP2020056669 W EP 2020056669W WO 2020193162 A1 WO2020193162 A1 WO 2020193162A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
strand
film
core
line
lay
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2020/056669
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Erwin Koeppendoerfer
Dominik DORNER
Johannes Nachtrab
Rene Bernhard
Sven Bergdolt
Thomas BESEL
Michael Feist
Original Assignee
Leoni Kabel Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Leoni Kabel Gmbh filed Critical Leoni Kabel Gmbh
Publication of WO2020193162A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020193162A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B11/00—Communication cables or conductors
    • H01B11/02—Cables with twisted pairs or quads
    • H01B11/06—Cables with twisted pairs or quads with means for reducing effects of electromagnetic or electrostatic disturbances, e.g. screens
    • H01B11/10—Screens specially adapted for reducing interference from external sources
    • H01B11/1025—Screens specially adapted for reducing interference from external sources composed of a helicoidally wound tape-conductor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/02—Disposition of insulation
    • H01B7/0233—Cables with a predominant gas dielectric

Definitions

  • Cable for electrical data transmission and manufacturing method for a cable The invention relates to a cable for electrical data transmission and a method for manufacturing such a cable.
  • Cables provided for data transmission generally contain at least one pair of wire conductors carrying the signal to be transmitted, the wires of which are each isolated and stranded / twisted with one another.
  • the wires can be encased, for example, by a further insulating sleeve and / or a shielding that is extruded thereon.
  • US Pat. No. 5,142,100 A discloses a cable with a pair of primary conductors, the primary conductors being coated with corresponding insulating layers of an extruded, generally non-porous dielectric.
  • a shield conductor surrounds the stranded pair of primary conductors and the respective layers of the insulating dielectric, the shield conductor for the cable being a commercially available aluminum tape carried by a polyester film.
  • the document JP 2010-287337 A describes a stranded cable with a pair of core lines and a shielding layer, the core line having an inner line serving as a signal conductor and an insulator with a predetermined dielectric constant in order to enclose the inner line.
  • the shielding layer is formed by taping a metal resin tape onto the core line in a spiral shape, the taping direction of the metal resin tape being opposite to the direction of lay of the core line.
  • a data transmission cable is known from the document DE 103 15 609 A1 which consists of two wires stranded together, each of which has a conductor surrounded by insulation, and the two wires are surrounded by a common electrical screen.
  • this document provides that all stranding elements (all wires, strands, shields and all copper ferrous wires) are stranded in the same direction - this also applies to the individual wires of the conductors if they are designed as stranded conductors.
  • Document DE 10 2012 204 554 A1 describes a coaxial cable with a central inner and signal conductor designed as a stranded conductor, which is concentrically surrounded by a dielectric and then by an outer conductor, which is surrounded by a shielding formed by a braided shield and surrounded by a cable jacket is trained.
  • the stranded conductor has a large number of individual stranded stranded wires. The lay length of the stranded conductor varies unevenly.
  • the document US 2014/0124236 A1 discloses a cable for high-speed data transmission which has a pair of stranded lines which are insulated by means of an insulating layer.
  • a communication cable with at least one electrical transmission element is known from the document DE 195 31 065 A1, which has an electrical wire pair surrounded by a dimensionally stable tube.
  • This small tube is designed in the shape of a circular cylinder and is used to form the electrical transmission element with a cross-sectional geometry that is as defined as possible in the longitudinal direction and to be able to maintain this.
  • the inner diameter of the tube is approximately equal to the maximum total cross-sectional width of the pair of wires, so that the tube sits on the pair of wires with a helical line contact along the points of maximum cross-sectional width.
  • the cable is provided for electrical data transmission and has at least one data line each with a pair of insulated line cores which are stranded with one another in a core-twisting direction with a core-twisting length and each contain a core.
  • the cable contains a film that is taped onto the data line in a taping direction, the tape The direction of lay of the wire is opposite to the direction of twisting of the strand, as well as a shield arranged on an outside of the film opposite the data line.
  • a gas-filled free space is formed radially inward from the film.
  • the gas can, for example, be the gas present in the vicinity of the cable, in particular air.
  • the shield is designed, for example, to support the film in particular against forces acting radially inward on the overall structure of shield and film.
  • the cable can have exactly one data line with exactly one pair of wires.
  • lay length has its usual meaning in the technical field of electrical cables, the pitch of a wire measured parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cable with a complete winding around the longitudinal axis.
  • the terms (radial) inside / outside as well as inside and outside always relate here to the longitudinal axis of the cable, unless otherwise stated. All directions of lay mentioned here also relate to the same direction of extension along the cable. In other words, the terms core strand lay direction, banding lay direction and strand lay direction refer to the lay directions when viewing the cable from the same perspective along the longitudinal axis of the cable.
  • the cable In the manufacture of such a cable, it is not necessary to provide a sheath covering the wire pair, for example in the form of a tube, as a spacer. Rather, additional cladding layers can be extruded directly onto the outside of the shield, because the shielding stabilizes the film so that the gas-filled free space remains when the additional cladding layers are extruded on. This not only makes the production of the cable much easier in a synergetic manner, but also reduces its thickness so that the cable requires less installation space, particularly in automotive scenarios. In addition, this cable is easier to assemble because, in particular, the step of removing the tube is omitted. Finally, the cable can also be used for the transmission of comparatively high-frequency signals and / or for data transmission in automobiles, since the gas-filled free space achieves a sufficiently low electromagnetic coupling between the line core and the shield.
  • each line core has a strand that is stranded in a strand lay direction.
  • the strand is multi-core (multi-core) and / or con- centrally formed.
  • the stranded wire can be designed to have at least two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or ten wires and / or at most twelve, thirteen, fourteen or fifteen wires.
  • the strand is designed with seven wires.
  • the strand lay direction is the same as the strand lay direction, for example. If the conductor core is formed with a strand, the strand can have a strand pitch that is 10.5 to 18 times as large as a diameter of the strand.
  • each of the line cores has an insulating sleeve sheathing the line core.
  • This insulating sheath can have one or more layers.
  • a multilayer insulating sheath that can be used here comprises at least two layers, of which in particular the outer layer, which is radially outer with respect to the conductor core, is made from a solid plastic material and the layer adjoining the outer layer radially on the inside, the intermediate layer, is made from a foamed plastic material.
  • An inner layer can be formed radially inward from the intermediate layer, which is also made of a solid plastic material, for example.
  • the solid plastic material of the outer layer can be the same material as the solid plastic material of the inner layer.
  • the foamed plastic material is selected depending on the dielectric properties of the outer layer and any inner layer.
  • the degree of foaming of the foamed plastic material is based on a desired relative dielectric constant (dielectric constant, permittivity), s r , of the foamed
  • the degree of foaming of the foamed plastic can be selected such that the relative dielectric constant, s r , of the intermediate layer is in the range between 1.4 and 2.
  • the relative dielectric constant, s r is a value between 1.5 to 1.69, such as 1.5, 1.6 or 1.69.
  • the stranded wire lay length is at least one of the line wires, in particular each of the line wires, a multiple of the diameter of the corresponding line wire.
  • the stranded strand length can be at least ten times and / or at most 22 times the diameter of the corresponding line core.
  • the stranded strand length is between 14 and 18 times as large as the diameter of the respective line strand.
  • stranding without reverse rotation is used here.
  • a cable with these parameters is characterized by an increased stability of the stranding, which in particular withstands the comparatively high mechanical loads that occur in automobiles.
  • the film is in direct contact with the data line, in particular with each of the line cores. In this case, the film can also be in contact with the line cores with only a minor part / fraction of its inner circumferential surface.
  • the tape lay length of the film i.e. H. the pitch of the film with a complete turn around the data line deviates in terms of amount, in particular by a maximum of 5%, a maximum of 10% or a maximum of 15% from the stranded strand length.
  • the tape lay length essentially corresponds to the strand lay length.
  • a correspondence essentially means a correspondence apart from the usual manufacturing tolerances.
  • the film has, for example, a width that is 0.2 to 0.8 times, in particular 0.4 to 0.65 times, the tape lay length.
  • the foil applied in opposite directions to the data line i.e., the stranded assembly
  • the stranded wires support the foil on its inside.
  • the film is, for example laminated with a metal layer, especially aluminum ⁇ laminated, wherein it has a backing layer connected with the metal layer.
  • the carrier layer can be made from a polymer, for example polypropylene (PP) or polyethylene terephthalate (PET). Any of these layers can have a thickness between 5 and 15 ⁇ m, e.g. 5, 7, 10 or 15 pm.
  • a connecting layer is optionally arranged between the carrier layer and the metal layer.
  • the connecting layer can be a functional layer made of adhesive and / or have at most 1/3 the thickness of the metal layer.
  • the metal layer is arranged on the outside of the foil, that is to say on a side of the foil opposite the data line.
  • the shielding is designed as a braided shield made from wire, for example.
  • the braided shield can stabilize the foil particularly effectively against mechanical influences and at the same time shield the data line well. It can be formed from a multiplicity of wires, of which a first part (for example half) winds around the foil in the strand twisting direction and a second part (for example the remaining wires) in the banding lay direction.
  • the shield / braided shield is in contact with the film, in particular on its / its inner circumferential surface.
  • a degree of coverage also referred to as "optical density” in the technical literature
  • the shielding covers the film between 85% and 95%, in particular 90%. With this degree of coverage, the film is adequately stabilized and the cable is at the same time sufficiently flexible, ie small bending radii can be implemented without damage.
  • the shielding / braided shield can be made of copper, aluminum or their alloys. These materials can also be provided with a coating of tin or silver.
  • the shield is made of tinned copper.
  • the tin coating increases the lubricity of the mesh on the metal layer of the banded foil, in particular when the metal of this metal layer is aluminum.
  • the tin counteracts the blocking of aluminum in the event of relative movements.
  • a cable with this tin coating is therefore characterized by a longer service life. In particular, it can withstand a greater number of bending cycles than a cable with a shield in the form of a bare wire mesh.
  • the cable can comprise an insulating jacket which is arranged along the outer circumferential surface of the film and the shield and insulates the shield, the film and the data line (s) from the external environment.
  • the insulating jacket can be applied on the outside of the film and the shielding comparatively simply by extrusion.
  • Another cable proposed here for electrical data transmission has at least one data line each with a pair of insulated line cores stranded with one another in a core twisting direction with a core twisting length, each having a core, and a film taped onto the data line in a banding lay direction .
  • the banding lay direction is opposite to the strand lay direction.
  • the film has a width that is 0.4 to 0.65 times its tape lay length.
  • a gas-filled free space is formed radially inward from the film.
  • the line cores then become a data line in a core-twisting direction with a core-twisting length stranded.
  • a film is taped onto the data line in a banding lay direction, the banding lay direction being opposite to the wire stranding direction so that, viewed in the cross section of the data line, a gas-filled free space is formed radially inwards with respect to the foil.
  • a shield can be attached to an outside of the film opposite the data line.
  • the step of providing the line cores can comprise providing a strand stranded in a strand lay direction.
  • this strand is initially provided with a lay length of 14 to 25 times the diameter of the strand. With this lay length, the strand runs off relatively trouble-free during the extrusion of the respective line wire, so that the frequency behavior of the data line prevents potentially disruptive jerky effects on the strand.
  • the length of the strand is shortened to around 10.5 to 18 times the diameter of the strand if the strand lay direction corresponds to the strand lay direction. In this way, not only can the above-mentioned disturbances in the frequency behavior be avoided, but the frequency position of the disturbances can also be shifted out of the useful frequency range of the cable.
  • the production method can include producing an above-described insulating sheath by multilayer extrusion.
  • this insulating sleeve can be made by three-layer extrusion of the above-described outer layer, intermediate layer and inner layer as a so-called solid-foam-solid extrusion.
  • the degree of foaming and the dielectric constant as well as further structural details of the cable to be manufactured, the above applies.
  • Figure 1 shows the embodiment of the cable in a schematic partial
  • Figures 2 and 3 show the cable of Figure 1 in further cross-sectional views
  • FIG. 4 shows a diagram of the frequency-dependent attenuation of the cable from FIG.
  • Figure 1 shows;
  • Figure 5 shows a diagram of the frequency dependent impedance of the cable of Figure 1;
  • FIG. 6 shows a diagram of the frequency-dependent return loss of the cable from FIG.
  • Figures 1 to 3 show a cable 1 for electrical data transmission.
  • the cable 1 comprises a data line 10 with a first insulated line core 12, which has a first line core 16, and a second insulated line core 14, which has a second line core 18.
  • the diameter of the line cores 12, 14 is 1.08 mm each and, in a modification, 1.18 mm each.
  • the line cores 12, 14 are stranded with one another in a core twisting direction AS, i.e. they wind in the longitudinal direction of the cable 1 essentially along a common contact curve or, in the case of a straight cable, contact line.
  • Both the first line core 16 of the first line core 12 and the second line core 18 of the second line core 14 comprise a multi-core stranded wire with here seven stranded wire, of which only one per line core 12, 14 is provided with a reference number 17, 19, for example.
  • the diameter of each line core 16, 18 is here, for example, 0.465 mm.
  • the strands of the line cores 16, 18 are each stranded in the same strand lay direction. This strand lay direction corresponds to the strand lay direction AS.
  • the stranded wires of each of the stranded cores 16, 18 are arranged hexagonally, so that at least one of the stranded wires contacts all of the other stranded wires.
  • Each of the strands here has the same strand lay length. This can be at least 10.5 times and / or at most 18 times the strand diameter, ie the maximum diameter of the respective line core 16, 18 when viewed in cross section.
  • the first line core 12, viewed in cross section is completely surrounded by a first insulating sheath 26 and the second line core 14 when viewed in the same cross section is completely surrounded by a second insulating sheath 28.
  • These insulating sleeves 26, 28 have three layers with an outer layer Al, A2, an intermediate layer ZI, Z2 and an inner layer II, 12 and contact one another directly via outer surfaces of the outer layers Al, A2.
  • the insulating sleeves 26, 28 are each molded onto the associated line cores 16, 18 by means of solid-foam-solid three-layer extrusion.
  • the inner layers II, 12 and the outer layers Al, A2 are here each made of a plastic, in particular a solid Fabric, made.
  • the intermediate layers ZI, Z2, however, can be formed from a foamed plastic whose degree of foaming is determined based on the required dielectric constant. In the case of the cable shown here, the dielectric constant wins in the range between 1.4 and 2, in particular between 1.55 and 1.69. For example, it can be 1.93.
  • the degree of foaming is in particular in the range between 20% and 30%. This degree of foaming is the resulting degree of foaming, formed from the foam in the respective intermediate layer ZI, Z2 and the solid components from the respective inner and outer layers II, 12, Al, A2.
  • the stranded wire lay length of both the first line core 12 and the second line core 14 is approximately 14 to 18 times as large as the diameter of each of the line cores 12, 14 in the cross section through the cable, in the present case the line cores 12, 14 thus essentially the same diameter.
  • Both conductor cores 12, 14 are wrapped together by an optionally metal-clad film 20, i.e. the film 20 is taped on the outside of the pair of conductor cores 12, 14 that are stranded together.
  • the film here has a carrier layer made of a plastic, in particular a polymer such as polypropylene or polyethylene terephthalate, a metal layer and a connecting layer (for example an adhesive layer) connecting the carrier layer to the metal layer.
  • the metal layer consists of aluminum.
  • the metal layer is arranged radially on the outside on the side of the film 20 facing the shielding 22.
  • the film 20 is arranged in such a way that it wraps the data line 10 in a banding lay direction BS opposite to the core stranding lay direction AS with a banding lay length which corresponds approximately to the core stranding length.
  • the film 20, viewed in cross section from FIG. 1 contacts the outer layer A1 of the first line core 12 on a side of the line core 12 opposite the contact curve / line between the line cores 12, 14 in a first area B1 of the film 20
  • the film 20 in cross section from FIG. 1 viewed the outer layer A2 of the second line core 14 on a side of the line core 14 opposite the contact curve / line between the line cores 12, 14 in a second area B2 of the film 20.
  • the areas B1 and B2 have roughly the same length in the circumferential direction.
  • the film 20 is 0.4 to 0.65 times as wide as a banding lay of the film is long. When viewed in cross section from FIG. 1, the film 20 has an essentially circular shape.
  • a shielding 22 designed as a wire mesh contacts the film 20 in sections.
  • the wire mesh consists of a large number (for example at least 10) individual wires and is designed in such a way that it supports the film 20 between the areas B1 and B2 in which it contacts the conductors 12, 14, at least in sections.
  • an insulating jacket 40 can be applied in a simple manner, for example by extrusion, on the outside of the overall structure of data line 10, film 20 and shielding 22.
  • the shielding 22 supports the film 20 such that the film 20, viewed in cross section from FIG. 1, essentially retains its circular shape during the extrusion.
  • a gas-filled free space 24 formed radially inward from the film 20 in the cross section of the data line 10 remains in this extrusion, so that a relatively low electromagnetic coupling between the line cores 16, 18 and the shielding 22 is achieved.
  • the gas-filled free space 24 adjoins the inner circumferential surface of the film 20 between the regions B1, B2 and extends radially inward essentially up to the contact curve / line between the line cores.
  • the surface of the shielding 22, which is projected radially inward onto the film 20, corresponds to approximately 90% of the outer circumferential surface of the film 20.
  • the degree of coverage is therefore in the preferred range of 85% to 95%.
  • the cable comprises several, for example 2, 3 or 4 data lines, each of which can be configured like the data line 10 described above, i. H. may have any of the features of the data line 10.
  • the cable 1 described here is suitable not only for the transmission of low-frequency, but also comparatively high-frequency signals.
  • the frequency-dependent attenuation for a cable of 100 m length is only 80 dB at 1 GHz, less than 100 dB at 1.4 GHz and less than 130 dB even at 2 GHz.
  • the cable 1 is characterized by adequate impedance and suitable return loss (cf. FIGS. 5 and 6).

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Communication Cables (AREA)
  • Insulated Conductors (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne des câbles (1) de transmission électrique de données. Un câble comporte au moins une ligne de données (10) pourvue respectivement d'une paire de fils de ligne (12, 14) isolés, câblés avec un pas de câblage de fils dans un sens de câblage de fils (AS), qui comportent respectivement une âme de ligne (16, 18), une feuille (20) bandée sur la ligne de données (10) dans un sens de bandage (BS), le sens de bandage (BS) étant opposé au sens de câblage de fils (AS), et un blindage (22) agencé contre la face extérieure de la feuille (20) opposée à la ligne de données (10), un espace libre (24) rempli de gaz étant aménagé dans la section transversale de la ligne de données (10) observée radialement vers l'intérieur de la feuille (20). L'invention concerne en outre un procédé de fabrication d'un câble.
PCT/EP2020/056669 2019-03-28 2020-03-12 Câble de transmission électrique de données et procédé de fabrication d'un câble WO2020193162A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102019108060.6A DE102019108060A1 (de) 2019-03-28 2019-03-28 Kabel zur elektrischen Datenübertragung und Herstellungsverfahren für ein Kabel
DE102019108060.6 2019-03-28

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WO2020193162A1 true WO2020193162A1 (fr) 2020-10-01

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WO (1) WO2020193162A1 (fr)

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5142100A (en) 1991-05-01 1992-08-25 Supercomputer Systems Limited Partnership Transmission line with fluid-permeable jacket
DE19531065A1 (de) 1995-08-23 1997-02-27 Siemens Ag Nachrichtenkabel mit mindestens einem elektrischen Übertragungselement sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung
DE10315609A1 (de) 2003-04-05 2004-10-21 Nexans Datenübertragungskabel
EP2172946A1 (fr) * 2008-09-12 2010-04-07 Nexans Câble électrique destiné à la connexion d'appareils électriques mobiles
JP2010287337A (ja) 2009-06-09 2010-12-24 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd ツイストペアケーブル及びその製造方法
US20120227998A1 (en) * 2011-03-09 2012-09-13 Marcus Lindstrom Shielded pair cable and a method for producing such a cable
DE102012204554A1 (de) 2012-03-21 2013-09-26 Leoni Kabel Holding Gmbh Signalkabel und Verfahren zur hochfrequenten Signalübertragung
US20140124236A1 (en) 2012-11-06 2014-05-08 Apple Inc. Reducing signal loss in cables
CN105551633A (zh) * 2016-03-07 2016-05-04 中天科技装备电缆有限公司 一种轨道交通车辆用机车通信网络电缆及制备方法
WO2017076984A1 (fr) * 2015-11-06 2017-05-11 Leoni Kabel Gmbh Câble de données ainsi qu'utilisation du câble de données dans un véhicule automobile

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5142100A (en) 1991-05-01 1992-08-25 Supercomputer Systems Limited Partnership Transmission line with fluid-permeable jacket
DE19531065A1 (de) 1995-08-23 1997-02-27 Siemens Ag Nachrichtenkabel mit mindestens einem elektrischen Übertragungselement sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung
DE10315609A1 (de) 2003-04-05 2004-10-21 Nexans Datenübertragungskabel
EP2172946A1 (fr) * 2008-09-12 2010-04-07 Nexans Câble électrique destiné à la connexion d'appareils électriques mobiles
JP2010287337A (ja) 2009-06-09 2010-12-24 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd ツイストペアケーブル及びその製造方法
US20120227998A1 (en) * 2011-03-09 2012-09-13 Marcus Lindstrom Shielded pair cable and a method for producing such a cable
DE102012204554A1 (de) 2012-03-21 2013-09-26 Leoni Kabel Holding Gmbh Signalkabel und Verfahren zur hochfrequenten Signalübertragung
US20140124236A1 (en) 2012-11-06 2014-05-08 Apple Inc. Reducing signal loss in cables
WO2017076984A1 (fr) * 2015-11-06 2017-05-11 Leoni Kabel Gmbh Câble de données ainsi qu'utilisation du câble de données dans un véhicule automobile
CN105551633A (zh) * 2016-03-07 2016-05-04 中天科技装备电缆有限公司 一种轨道交通车辆用机车通信网络电缆及制备方法

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
FILOWIRE ET AL: "Combination Unilay Stranded Conductors", 23 May 2011 (2011-05-23), XP055709876, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:http://www.filowire.com/media/pdfs/CombiUnilay.pdf> [retrieved on 20200629] *

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