WO2020192416A1 - 卫星通信中的切换方法和装置 - Google Patents

卫星通信中的切换方法和装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020192416A1
WO2020192416A1 PCT/CN2020/078655 CN2020078655W WO2020192416A1 WO 2020192416 A1 WO2020192416 A1 WO 2020192416A1 CN 2020078655 W CN2020078655 W CN 2020078655W WO 2020192416 A1 WO2020192416 A1 WO 2020192416A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
base station
satellite base
terminal device
time
information
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/078655
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
林美新
乔云飞
孟贤
王俊
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to US17/609,326 priority Critical patent/US20220217607A1/en
Priority to KR1020217034777A priority patent/KR102535478B1/ko
Priority to AU2020248268A priority patent/AU2020248268B2/en
Priority to EP20779654.1A priority patent/EP3937400B1/en
Publication of WO2020192416A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020192416A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/30—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
    • H04B17/309—Measuring or estimating channel quality parameters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/14—Relay systems
    • H04B7/15—Active relay systems
    • H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
    • H04B7/1853—Satellite systems for providing telephony service to a mobile station, i.e. mobile satellite service
    • H04B7/18539—Arrangements for managing radio, resources, i.e. for establishing or releasing a connection
    • H04B7/18541—Arrangements for managing radio, resources, i.e. for establishing or releasing a connection for handover of resources
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
    • G01S19/01—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
    • G01S19/13—Receivers
    • G01S19/24—Acquisition or tracking or demodulation of signals transmitted by the system
    • G01S19/25—Acquisition or tracking or demodulation of signals transmitted by the system involving aiding data received from a cooperating element, e.g. assisted GPS
    • G01S19/256—Acquisition or tracking or demodulation of signals transmitted by the system involving aiding data received from a cooperating element, e.g. assisted GPS relating to timing, e.g. time of week, code phase, timing offset
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
    • G01S19/01—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
    • G01S19/13—Receivers
    • G01S19/24—Acquisition or tracking or demodulation of signals transmitted by the system
    • G01S19/25—Acquisition or tracking or demodulation of signals transmitted by the system involving aiding data received from a cooperating element, e.g. assisted GPS
    • G01S19/258—Acquisition or tracking or demodulation of signals transmitted by the system involving aiding data received from a cooperating element, e.g. assisted GPS relating to the satellite constellation, e.g. almanac, ephemeris data, lists of satellites in view
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/30—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
    • H04B17/382—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels for resource allocation, admission control or handover
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H04W24/02—Arrangements for optimising operational condition
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/16—Performing reselection for specific purposes
    • H04W36/165—Performing reselection for specific purposes for reducing network power consumption
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/0005—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off
    • H04W36/0083—Determination of parameters used for hand-off, e.g. generation or modification of neighbour cell lists
    • H04W36/00837—Determination of triggering parameters for hand-off
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/08—Reselecting an access point
    • H04W36/083—Reselecting an access point wherein at least one of the access points is a moving node
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/24—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters
    • H04W36/32—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters by location or mobility data, e.g. speed data
    • H04W36/322—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters by location or mobility data, e.g. speed data by location data
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/34—Reselection control
    • H04W36/36—Reselection control by user or terminal equipment
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
    • H04W84/04—Large scale networks; Deep hierarchical networks
    • H04W84/06—Airborne or Satellite Networks
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Definitions

  • This application relates to communication technology, and in particular to a handover method and device in satellite communication.
  • Geostationary satellites have been used for mobile communications for a long time, but because geostationary satellites are limited to a geostationary satellite orbit (Geostationary Satellite Orbit, GSO), the number of satellites that can be deployed in a GSO is limited.
  • GSO geostationary Satellite Orbit
  • a communication system using a non-geostationary satellite orbit (Non Geostationary Satellite Orbit, NGSO), for example, a satellite constellation in low earth orbit (Low Earth Orbit, LEO), has been designed to communicate to the entire earth or Most locations on the earth provide communications coverage.
  • NGSO Non Geostationary Satellite Orbit
  • LEO Low Earth Orbit
  • the satellite moves relative to the communication equipment on the surface of the earth (for example, a gateway or terminal equipment).
  • the communication equipment on the earth’s surface may also be in a state of motion.
  • the communication equipment is located in a mobile state. High-speed rail or airplane. Taking a low-orbit satellite as an example, its moving speed is relatively fast, and the height above the earth's surface is 1200km. Then the satellite orbits the earth for about 100 minutes. For a terminal device, the service time of the satellite is about About ten minutes, therefore, there will be situations where the terminal device switches from one satellite to another at a certain point in time.
  • the base station instructs the terminal equipment to perform channel quality measurement, and then the base station instructs the terminal equipment to switch the wireless link to the target neighboring cell based on the measurement result.
  • This application provides a handover method and device in satellite communication to reduce the power consumption of terminal equipment, save air interface resources, and also avoid signaling storms caused by a large number of terminal equipment reporting measurement information at the same time, and improve the success rate of handover.
  • this application provides a handover method in satellite communication, including: a terminal device obtains ephemeris information of a first satellite base station, where the first satellite base station is a satellite base station covering the terminal device; the terminal device According to the ephemeris information, determine the target satellite base station that the terminal device needs to switch to; the terminal device determines the first time when the terminal device switches to the target satellite base station according to the determined target satellite base station; The terminal device switches to the target cell included in the target satellite base station according to the determined first time.
  • the terminal equipment determines the target satellite base station according to the location information of the satellite base station, and determines the time for handover to the target satellite base station. When the time arrives, the terminal equipment switches to the target cell included in the target satellite base station.
  • the handover information determined by the terminal device is also periodic, and the terminal device does not need to calculate in the disconnected state, so that the terminal device does not need to frequently measure the channel quality and report the measurement results, reduce the power consumption of the terminal device, and save air interface resources. It also avoids a signaling storm caused by a large number of terminal devices reporting measurement information at the same time.
  • the network-side decision-making and leading link handover have a greater probability of failure, and the target satellite base station and handover time selected by the terminal device itself can improve the success rate of handover.
  • acquiring the ephemeris information of the first satellite base station by the terminal device includes: the terminal device sends an ephemeris information request to an ephemeris information network element, and the ephemeris information request includes the The location information of the terminal equipment; the terminal equipment receives the signaling sent by the ephemeris information network element, and the signaling includes the ephemeris information of the first satellite base station.
  • the terminal device determining the target satellite base station to which the terminal device needs to switch based on the ephemeris information includes: the terminal device calculates the second time according to the ephemeris information, and The second time is the start time when the satellite base station covering the terminal equipment covers the terminal equipment; the terminal equipment determines the second satellite base station according to the second time, and the second satellite base station is currently The satellite base station covering the terminal equipment after the time; the terminal equipment calculates the distance between the second satellite base station and the terminal equipment according to the ephemeris information of the second satellite base station and the position information of the terminal equipment, and The closest satellite base station among the second satellite base stations is determined as the target satellite base station.
  • the terminal device determining the first time for the terminal device to switch to the target satellite base station according to the determined target satellite base station includes: the terminal device according to the target satellite base station
  • the ephemeris information of the base station calculates the moving speed of the target satellite base station, and calculates the first time according to the moving speed of the target satellite base station, the moving speed of the terminal device, and the set handover advance.
  • acquiring the ephemeris information of the first satellite base station by the terminal device includes: the terminal device receiving a broadcast message, the broadcast message including the identification information of the first satellite base station, and The identification information, coverage time, and latitude and longitude information of the cells included in the first satellite base station, and the cells included in the first satellite base station cover the location indicated by the latitude and longitude information within the coverage time.
  • the terminal device determining the target satellite base station to which the terminal device needs to switch according to the ephemeris information includes: the terminal device according to the identification information of the first satellite base station, and The identification information, coverage time, and latitude and longitude information of the cells included in the first satellite base station determine the cell that first covers the terminal device among the cells included in the first satellite base station, and set the cell that first covers the terminal device The base station to which the cell belongs is determined as the target satellite base station.
  • the terminal device determining the first time for the terminal device to switch to the target satellite base station according to the determined target satellite base station includes: the terminal device according to the target satellite base station The coverage time of the base station and the set handover advance are calculated for the first time.
  • the broadcast message is sent by one of the first satellite base stations; or, the broadcast message is sent by each of the first satellite base stations separately.
  • the present application provides a switching device in satellite communication, including: a transceiver unit, configured to obtain ephemeris information of a first satellite base station, the first satellite base station being a satellite base station covering the terminal equipment; processing The unit is configured to determine the target satellite base station that the terminal device needs to switch to according to the ephemeris information; determine the first time when the terminal device switches to the target satellite base station according to the determined target satellite base station; At the determined first time, handover to the target cell included in the target satellite base station.
  • a transceiver unit configured to obtain ephemeris information of a first satellite base station, the first satellite base station being a satellite base station covering the terminal equipment
  • processing The unit is configured to determine the target satellite base station that the terminal device needs to switch to according to the ephemeris information; determine the first time when the terminal device switches to the target satellite base station according to the determined target satellite base station; At the determined first time, handover to the target cell included in the target satellite base station.
  • the terminal equipment determines the target satellite base station according to the location information of the satellite base station, and determines the time for handover to the target satellite base station. When the time arrives, the terminal equipment switches to the target cell included in the target satellite base station.
  • the handover information determined by the terminal device is also periodic, and the terminal device does not need to calculate in the disconnected state, so that the terminal device does not need to frequently measure the channel quality and report the measurement results, reduce the power consumption of the terminal device, and save air interface resources. It also avoids a signaling storm caused by a large number of terminal devices reporting measurement information at the same time.
  • the network-side decision-making and leading link handover have a greater probability of failure, and the target satellite base station and handover time selected by the terminal device itself can improve the success rate of handover.
  • the transceiver unit is specifically configured to send an ephemeris information request to an ephemeris information network element, where the ephemeris information request includes position information of the terminal device; and receives the ephemeris information A signaling sent by a network element, where the signaling includes ephemeris information of the first satellite base station.
  • the processing unit is specifically configured to calculate a second time according to the ephemeris information, where the second time is the time when the satellite base station covering the terminal device covers the terminal device Start time; determine the second satellite base station according to the second time, and the second satellite base station is the satellite base station covering the terminal equipment after the current moment; according to the ephemeris information of the second satellite base station and the The position information of the terminal device calculates the distance between the second satellite base station and the terminal device, and determines the closest satellite base station among the second satellite base stations as the target satellite base station.
  • the processing unit is specifically configured to calculate the moving speed of the target satellite base station according to the ephemeris information of the target satellite base station, and according to the moving speed of the target satellite base station, The first time is calculated based on the moving speed of the terminal device and the set handover advance.
  • the transceiving unit is specifically configured to receive broadcast messages, the broadcast messages including identification information of the first satellite base station, and identification information of cells included in the first satellite base station, Covering time and latitude and longitude information, and a cell included in the first satellite base station covers the location indicated by the latitude and longitude information within the coverage time.
  • the processing unit is specifically configured for the terminal device according to the identification information of the first satellite base station and the identification information, coverage time, and latitude and longitude of the cell included in the first satellite base station.
  • the information determines the cell that first covers the terminal device among the cells included in the first satellite base station, and determines the base station to which the cell that first covers the terminal device belongs as the target satellite base station.
  • the processing unit is specifically configured to calculate the first time according to the coverage time of the target satellite base station and a set handover advance.
  • the broadcast message is sent by one of the first satellite base stations; or, the broadcast message is sent by each of the first satellite base stations separately.
  • this application provides a terminal device, including: one or more processors; a memory, used to store one or more programs; when the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors , Enabling the one or more processors to implement the method according to any one of the foregoing first aspects.
  • the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium including a computer program, which when executed on a computer, causes the computer to execute the method described in any one of the above-mentioned first aspects.
  • the present application provides a computer program, when the computer program is executed by a computer, it is used to execute the method described in any one of the above-mentioned first aspects.
  • the present application provides a chip including a processor and a memory, the memory is used to store a computer program, and the processor is used to call and run the computer program stored in the memory to execute the above-mentioned first aspect The method of any one of.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of terminal equipment switching caused by satellite movement in LEO
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an application for satellite communication scenarios
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of Embodiment 1 of the handover method in satellite communication of this application;
  • Embodiment 4 is a flowchart of Embodiment 2 of the handover method in satellite communication of this application;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device 500 provided by this application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal device 600 provided by this application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a network device 700 provided by this application.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the terminal equipment switching caused by satellite movement in LEO.
  • satellite 1 due to the movement of satellites, satellite 1 covers the location of the terminal equipment at time 1, and satellite 1 moves to other places at time 2.
  • 2 Covers the location of the terminal device.
  • the satellite 2 moves to other places, and the satellite 3 covers the location of the terminal device. Therefore, the terminal device is provided with access services by different satellites at different times. In this process, the terminal device To switch between different satellite cells.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the satellite communication scenario of the application.
  • this application belongs to the category of satellite communication.
  • Terminal equipment on the ground accesses the network through New Radio (NR), and the base station is deployed on the satellite.
  • the link is connected to the ground station on the ground and the 5G core network.
  • terminal devices are mobile devices that support NR, including mobile phones, tablet computers, etc., and terminal devices can access satellite base stations through NR and initiate calls and Internet access services.
  • Satellite base stations mainly provide wireless access services, dispatch wireless resources to access terminal devices, and support reliable wireless transmission protocols and data encryption protocols.
  • the 5G core network is mainly responsible for services such as terminal device access control, mobility management, session management, user security authentication and billing.
  • the ground station is mainly responsible for forwarding signaling and service data between the satellite base station and the 5G core network.
  • NR is the wireless link between the terminal equipment and the satellite base station.
  • the Xn interface is the interface between satellite base stations and is mainly used for signaling interaction such as handover.
  • the NG interface is the interface between the satellite base station and the 5G core network, which mainly exchanges the signaling of the 5G core network and the service data of the terminal equipment.
  • the following uses the scenario shown in FIG. 2 as an example to describe the handover method in satellite communication provided by the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of Embodiment 1 of a handover method in satellite communication of this application. As shown in FIG. 3, the method in this embodiment may be executed by a terminal device, and the method may include:
  • Step 301 The terminal device sends an ephemeris information request to the ephemeris information network element.
  • the ephemeris information request includes location information of the terminal device.
  • the ephemeris information network element is used to collect the ephemeris information of all satellite base stations. It can be a network side device independent of the satellite base station and the 5G core network, or it can be set in the 5G core network (as shown in Figure 2).
  • Step 302 The ephemeris information network element sends signaling to the terminal device, where the signaling includes the ephemeris information of the first satellite base station.
  • the first satellite base station is the satellite base station covering the terminal equipment.
  • the ephemeris information includes the inclination of the satellite's orbital plane, the right ascension of the ascending node, the semi-major axis of the orbital ellipse, the eccentricity of the orbital ellipse, the angular distance of perigee and the time when the satellite passes near point. Wait.
  • Step 303 The terminal device determines the target satellite base station to which the terminal device needs to switch based on the ephemeris information.
  • the terminal device finds that the signal of the serving base station becomes weak, for example, when the bit error rate of the signal received from the serving base station is greater than the set threshold, it means that the serving base station is moving away from the terminal at this time and the signal strength is weakening. If it is not switched in time, The terminal device is likely to be disconnected. At this time, the terminal device can first calculate the second time based on the ephemeris information previously obtained.
  • the second time is the start time for the satellite base station covering the terminal device to cover the terminal device.
  • the second satellite base station is determined at the second time.
  • the second satellite base station is the satellite base station covering the terminal equipment after the current moment.
  • the terminal equipment calculates the second satellite base station and the terminal equipment according to the ephemeris information of the second satellite base station and the position information of the terminal equipment For the distance between the two satellite base stations, the closest satellite base station in the second satellite base station is determined as the target satellite base station.
  • the terminal device can obtain the movement trajectory of each satellite base station that can cover the terminal device, and the start time of these satellite base stations covering the terminal device, and can even determine which satellite base stations are about to be far away from the terminal device and which ones The satellite base station is about to approach the terminal equipment.
  • the terminal equipment can determine the M second satellite base stations from the N first satellite base stations based on the ephemeris information. Because the satellite base stations have their own movement trajectories, there are satellite base stations moving towards the terminal equipment and deviating from the terminal equipment according to the moving direction.
  • the terminal equipment For mobile satellite base stations, the terminal equipment first excludes the satellite base stations that move away from the terminal equipment, and only keeps the satellite base stations moving towards the terminal equipment, that is, the satellite base stations that cover the location of the terminal equipment after the current moment. The terminal equipment then calculates the distance between the M second satellite base stations and the terminal equipment according to the ephemeris information of the M second satellite base stations and the terminal equipment location information, and determines the closest satellite base station among the M second satellite base stations as Target satellite base station. Assuming that the terminal device's own position is P0, P0 can be obtained by the positioning device, the positions of the M second satellite base stations are P1, P2,...PM, and P1, P2,...PM can be obtained according to the ephemeris information of the second satellite base station. The terminal device respectively calculates the distances D1, D2, D3, ... DM from each second satellite base station, and selects the second satellite base station with the shortest distance as the target satellite base station (target gNB) for handover.
  • target gNB
  • Step 304 The terminal device determines the first time for the terminal device to switch to the target satellite base station according to the determined target satellite base station.
  • the terminal device calculates the moving speed of the target satellite base station according to the ephemeris information of the target satellite base station, and calculates the first time according to the moving speed of the target satellite base station, the moving speed of the terminal device, and the set handover advance.
  • the terminal equipment Since the signal has a transmission delay between the terminal equipment and the satellite base station, the terminal equipment also needs to consider the signal transmission delay when calculating the switching time, that is, subtract the switching advance from the actual switching time.
  • the amount can be set with reference to factors such as transmission distance, transmission speed, and signal transmission delay.
  • Step 305 The terminal device switches to the target cell included in the target satellite base station according to the determined first time.
  • the terminal device receives the synchronization signal when the first time arrives, and determines the target cell according to the synchronization signal.
  • the cell included in the target satellite base station sends broadcast messages and synchronization signals to the outside. After receiving the synchronization signal, the terminal device considers that it has the conditions to access the cell, and then confirms that the cell is the target cell.
  • the terminal device can directly send a handover request to the serving cell, and the handover request includes the identification information of the target satellite base station and the target cell.
  • the handover request sent by the terminal device to the serving cell can be implemented in two ways: one is to add a new handover request message, and the handover request message carries identification information of the target satellite base station and the target cell. The other is to add a new trigger event, such as Ax, to the existing measurement event.
  • the terminal device carries the identification information of the target satellite base station and the target cell in the measurement event.
  • the terminal equipment determines the target satellite base station according to the location information of the satellite base station, and determines the time for handover to the target satellite base station. When the time arrives, the terminal equipment switches to the target cell included in the target satellite base station.
  • the handover information determined by the terminal device is also periodic, and the terminal device does not need to calculate in the disconnected state, so that the terminal device does not need to frequently measure the channel quality and report the measurement results, reduce the power consumption of the terminal device, and save air interface resources. It also avoids a signaling storm caused by a large number of terminal devices reporting measurement information at the same time.
  • the network-side decision-making and leading link handover have a greater probability of failure, and the target satellite base station and handover time selected by the terminal device itself can improve the success rate of handover.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of Embodiment 2 of the handover method in satellite communication of this application. As shown in FIG. 4, the method in this embodiment may include:
  • Step 401 The terminal device receives the broadcast message.
  • the broadcast message may be sent by one of the satellite base stations covering the terminal equipment, or may be sent separately by each satellite base station covering the terminal equipment.
  • the satellite base station can obtain its own ephemeris information from the core network.
  • the ephemeris information includes the inclination of the satellite's orbital plane, the right ascension of the ascending node, the semimajor axis of the orbital ellipse, the eccentricity of the orbital ellipse, the angular distance of perigee and the satellite's near point.
  • the satellite base station can calculate the time covering a certain area based on the ephemeris information.
  • the satellite base station can send this calculation result to the terminal device in the form of a broadcast message.
  • the broadcast message includes the identification information of the first satellite base station covering the terminal equipment, and the identification information, coverage time, and latitude and longitude information of the cell included in the first satellite base station.
  • the cell included in the first satellite base station covers the information indicated by the latitude and longitude information within the coverage time. position.
  • Table 1 the above broadcast message may be expressed in the form of Table 1:
  • Satellite base station identification information Identification information of the cell Coverage time longitude latitude gNB ID 1 Cell ID 1 9:00-9:05 23°26'22"W 23°26'22"S gNB ID 2 Cell ID 2 9:05-9:10 23°26'22"W 23°26'22”S gNB ID 3 Cell ID 3 9:10-9:15 23°26'22"W 23°26'22"S
  • Step 402 The terminal device determines the target satellite base station to which the terminal device needs to switch based on the ephemeris information.
  • the terminal equipment determines the cell that first covers the terminal equipment among the cells included in the first satellite base station, and will cover the terminal first The base station to which the cell of the device belongs is determined as the target satellite base station.
  • the terminal device can obtain its position through a positioning device, for example, the Global Positioning System (GPS).
  • GPS Global Positioning System
  • the terminal device can know that the longitude is 23°26'22"W and the latitude is 23°26'
  • the position indicated by 22"S is exactly where you are, so you can determine the coverage time for the three cells in Table 1 to cover your position.
  • the terminal device determines the cell that first covers its location as the target cell, such as Cell ID 1, and the base station to which the target cell belongs is the target satellite base station.
  • Step 403 The terminal device determines the first time for the terminal device to switch to the target satellite base station according to the determined target satellite base station.
  • the terminal equipment calculates the first time according to the coverage time of the target satellite base station and the set handover advance. Since the signal has a transmission delay between the terminal equipment and the satellite base station, the terminal equipment also needs to consider the signal transmission delay when calculating the switching time, that is, subtract the switching advance from the actual switching time.
  • the amount can be set with reference to factors such as transmission distance, transmission speed, and signal transmission delay.
  • Step 404 The terminal device switches to the target cell included in the target satellite base station according to the determined first time.
  • the terminal device sends a handover request to the serving cell, and the handover request includes the identification information of the target satellite base station and the target cell.
  • the handover request sent by the terminal device to the serving cell can be implemented in two ways: one is to add a new handover request message, and the handover request message carries identification information of the target satellite base station and the target cell. The other is to add a new trigger event, such as Ax, to the existing measurement event.
  • the terminal device carries the identification information of the target satellite base station and the target cell in the measurement event.
  • the terminal equipment determines the target satellite base station according to the location information of the satellite base station, and determines the time for handover to the target satellite base station. When the time arrives, the terminal equipment switches to the target cell included in the target satellite base station.
  • the handover information determined by the terminal device is also periodic, and the terminal device does not need to calculate in the disconnected state, so that the terminal device does not need to frequently measure the channel quality and report the measurement results, reduce the power consumption of the terminal device, and save air interface resources. It also avoids a signaling storm caused by a large number of terminal devices reporting measurement information at the same time.
  • the network-side decision-making and leading link handover have a greater probability of failure, and the target satellite base station and handover time selected by the terminal device itself can improve the success rate of handover.
  • the serving cell After the serving cell receives the handover request, it parses out the target satellite base station and the target cell, and sends the handover request to the target cell through the Xn interface, thereby starting the handover process specified by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3rd Generation Partnership Project, 3GPP).
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device 500 provided by this application.
  • the communication device 500 includes a processing unit 502 and a transceiver unit 501.
  • the communication device 500 has the function of switching the configuration of the terminal device in the satellite communication in the method embodiment.
  • the communication apparatus 500 may completely correspond to the terminal device in the embodiment of FIG. 3 or 4.
  • the units of the communication device 500 are respectively used to perform the following operations and/or processing.
  • the transceiver unit 501 is configured to obtain ephemeris information of a first satellite base station, where the first satellite base station is a satellite base station covering the terminal equipment;
  • the processing unit 502 is configured to determine, according to the ephemeris information, the target satellite base station that the terminal device needs to switch to; and according to the determined target satellite base station, determine the first time when the terminal device switches to the target satellite base station ; According to the determined first time, handover to the target cell included in the target satellite base station.
  • the transceiver unit 501 is specifically configured to send an ephemeris information request to an ephemeris information network element, where the ephemeris information request includes position information of the terminal device; and receives the ephemeris information Signaling sent by an information network element, where the signaling includes ephemeris information of the first satellite base station.
  • the processing unit 502 is specifically configured to calculate a second time according to the ephemeris information, where the second time is that the satellite base station covering the terminal device covers the terminal device.
  • the second satellite base station is determined according to the second time, and the second satellite base station is the satellite base station covering the terminal equipment after the current moment; according to the ephemeris information of the second satellite base station and the The position information of the terminal device calculates the distance between the second satellite base station and the terminal device, and determines the closest satellite base station among the second satellite base stations as the target satellite base station.
  • the processing unit 502 is specifically configured to calculate the moving speed of the target satellite base station according to the ephemeris information of the target satellite base station, and according to the moving speed of the target satellite base station Calculate the first time with the moving speed of the terminal device and the set handover advance.
  • the transceiving unit 501 is specifically configured to receive a broadcast message, the broadcast message including the identification information of the first satellite base station and the identification information of the cell included in the first satellite base station , Coverage time and latitude and longitude information, the cell included in the first satellite base station covers the location indicated by the latitude and longitude information within the coverage time.
  • the processing unit 502 is specifically configured for the terminal device to use the identification information of the first satellite base station and the identification information, coverage time, and coverage time of the cell included in the first satellite base station.
  • the latitude and longitude information determines the cell that first covers the terminal device among the cells included in the first satellite base station, and determines the base station to which the cell that first covers the terminal device belongs as the target satellite base station.
  • the processing unit 502 is specifically configured to calculate the first time according to the coverage time of the target satellite base station and the set handover advance.
  • the broadcast message is sent by one of the first satellite base stations; or, the broadcast message is sent by each of the first satellite base stations separately.
  • the communication device 500 may also have other functions in the method embodiment at the same time.
  • the processing unit 502 may be a processor
  • the transceiving unit 501 may be a transceiver.
  • the transceiver includes a receiver and a transmitter, and has both sending and receiving functions.
  • the processing unit 502 may be a processing device, and the functions of the processing device may be partially or fully implemented by software.
  • the functions of the processing device may be partially or fully implemented by software.
  • the processing device may include a memory and a processor.
  • the memory is used to store a computer program
  • the processor reads and executes the computer program stored in the memory to execute the steps implemented inside the satellite base station in each method embodiment.
  • the processing device includes a processor.
  • the memory for storing the computer program is located outside the processing device, and the processor is connected to the memory through a circuit/wire to read and execute the computer program stored in the memory.
  • the functions of the processing device may all be implemented by hardware.
  • the processing device may include an input interface circuit, a logic circuit, and an output interface circuit.
  • the input interface circuit is used to obtain ephemeris information of a first satellite base station, and the first satellite base station is a satellite base station covering the terminal equipment; a logic circuit is used to determine the terminal according to the ephemeris information The target satellite base station that the device needs to switch to; determine the first time when the terminal device switches to the target satellite base station according to the determined target satellite base station; switch to the target satellite base station according to the determined first time Included destination cell.
  • the output interface circuit outputs the ephemeris information of the satellite base station to the memory, and the memory pair saves it.
  • the communication device 500 may be a chip.
  • the transceiver unit 501 may specifically be a communication interface or a transceiver circuit.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal device 600 provided by this application.
  • the terminal device 600 includes a processor 601 and a transceiver 602.
  • the terminal device 600 further includes a memory 603.
  • the processor 601, the transceiver 602, and the memory 603 can communicate with each other through an internal connection path to transfer control signals and/or data signals.
  • the memory 603 is used to store a computer program.
  • the processor 601 is configured to execute a computer program stored in the memory 603, so as to implement various functions of the communication device 500 in the foregoing device embodiment.
  • the processor 601 may be used to perform operations and/or processing performed by the processing unit 502 described in the apparatus embodiment (for example, FIG. 5), and the transceiver 602 may be used to perform operations and/or processing performed by the transceiver unit 501. .
  • the transceiver 602 obtains ephemeris information of a first satellite base station, which is a satellite base station covering the terminal equipment.
  • the processor 601 determines the target satellite base station that the terminal device needs to switch to according to the ephemeris information; determines the first time when the terminal device switches to the target satellite base station according to the determined target satellite base station ; According to the determined first time, handover to the target cell included in the target satellite base station.
  • the memory 603 may also be integrated in the processor 601 or independent of the processor 601.
  • the terminal device 600 may further include an antenna 604 for transmitting the signal output by the transceiver 602.
  • the transceiver 602 receives signals through an antenna.
  • the terminal device 600 may further include a power supply 605, which is used to provide power to various devices or circuits in the terminal device.
  • a power supply 605 which is used to provide power to various devices or circuits in the terminal device.
  • the terminal device 600 may also include one of an input unit 606, a display unit 607 (also can be regarded as an output unit), an audio circuit 608, a camera 609, and a sensor 610. Multiple.
  • the audio circuit may also include a speaker 6081, a microphone 6082, etc., which will not be repeated.
  • the present application also provides a communication system, including the satellite base station and terminal equipment described in the method embodiments.
  • This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored.
  • the computer program When the computer program is executed by a computer, the computer executes the steps performed by the satellite base station in any of the above-mentioned method embodiments. And/or processing.
  • the computer program product includes computer program code.
  • the computer program code runs on a computer, the computer executes the steps executed by the satellite base station in any of the foregoing method embodiments and/ Or processing.
  • the application also provides a chip including a processor.
  • the memory for storing the computer program is provided independently of the chip, and the processor is used to execute the computer program stored in the memory to execute the steps and/or processing performed by the satellite base station in any method embodiment.
  • the chip may also include a memory and a communication interface.
  • the communication interface may be an input/output interface, a pin, an input/output circuit, or the like.
  • This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium with a computer program stored on the computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a computer, the computer executes the operations performed by the terminal device in any of the above-mentioned method embodiments And/or processing.
  • the computer program product includes computer program code.
  • the computer program code When the computer program code is run on a computer, the computer can execute the operations performed by the terminal device in any of the foregoing method embodiments and/ Or processing.
  • the application also provides a chip including a processor.
  • the memory used to store the computer program is provided independently of the chip, and the processor is used to execute the computer program stored in the memory to perform the operation and/or processing performed by the terminal device in any method embodiment.
  • the chip may also include a memory and a communication interface.
  • the communication interface may be an input/output interface, a pin, an input/output circuit, or the like.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a network device 700 provided by this application.
  • the network device 700 may correspond to the satellite base station in each method embodiment.
  • the network equipment 700 includes an antenna 701, a radio frequency device 702, and a baseband device 703.
  • the antenna 701 is connected to the radio frequency device 702.
  • the radio frequency device 702 receives the signal from the terminal device through the antenna 701, and sends the received signal to the baseband device 703 for processing.
  • the baseband device 703 In the downlink direction, the baseband device 703 generates a signal that needs to be sent to the terminal device, and sends the generated signal to the radio frequency device 702.
  • the radio frequency device 702 transmits the signal through the antenna 701.
  • the baseband device 703 may include one or more processing units 7031.
  • the processing unit 7031 may specifically be a processor.
  • the baseband device 703 may further include one or more storage units 7032 and one or more communication interfaces 7033.
  • the storage unit 7032 is used to store computer programs and/or data.
  • the communication interface 7033 is used to exchange information with the radio frequency device 702.
  • the storage unit 7032 may specifically be a memory, and the communication interface 7033 may be an input/output interface or a transceiver circuit.
  • the storage unit 7032 may be a storage unit on the same chip as the processing unit 7031, that is, an on-chip storage unit, or a storage unit on a different chip from the processing unit 7031, that is, an off-chip storage unit. This application does not limit this.
  • the baseband device 703 can perform operations and/or processing performed by the processing unit 502 in the device embodiment (for example, FIG. 5).
  • the radio frequency device 702 may perform operations and/or processing performed by the transceiver unit 501 in the device embodiment (for example, FIG. 5).
  • the processing unit 502 of the communication device 500 shown in FIG. 5 may be the baseband device 703 shown in FIG. 7, and the transceiver unit 501 may be the radio frequency device 702.
  • the processor mentioned in the above embodiments may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capability.
  • the steps of the foregoing method embodiments can be completed by hardware integrated logic circuits in the processor or instructions in the form of software.
  • the processor can be a general-purpose processor, digital signal processor (digital signal processor, DSP), application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), field programmable gate array (field programmable gate array, FPGA) or other Programming logic devices, discrete gates or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components.
  • the general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may also be any conventional processor or the like.
  • the steps of the method disclosed in the embodiments of the present application may be directly embodied as being executed and completed by a hardware encoding processor, or executed and completed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the encoding processor.
  • the software module can be located in a mature storage medium in the field such as random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory or electrically erasable programmable memory, registers.
  • the storage medium is located in the memory, and the processor reads the information in the memory and completes the steps of the above method in combination with its hardware.
  • the memory mentioned in the above embodiments may be volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory.
  • the non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (programmable ROM, PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (erasable PROM, EPROM), and electronic Erase programmable read-only memory (electrically EPROM, EEPROM) or flash memory.
  • the volatile memory may be random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache.
  • RAM random access memory
  • static random access memory static random access memory
  • dynamic RAM dynamic random access memory
  • DRAM dynamic random access memory
  • SDRAM synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory double data rate SDRAM, DDR SDRAM
  • enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory enhanced SDRAM, ESDRAM
  • serial link DRAM SLDRAM
  • direct rambus RAM direct rambus RAM
  • the disclosed system, device, and method may be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are only illustrative.
  • the division of the units is only a logical function division, and there may be other divisions in actual implementation, for example, multiple units or components can be combined or It can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not implemented.
  • the displayed or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objectives of the solutions of the embodiments.
  • each unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the function is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the technical solution of this application essentially or the part that contributes to the existing technology or the part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including Several instructions are used to make a computer device (personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) execute all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present application.
  • the aforementioned storage media include: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (read-only memory, ROM), random access memory (random access memory, RAM), magnetic disk or optical disk and other media that can store program code .

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Abstract

本申请提供一种卫星通信中的切换方法和装置。本申请卫星通信中的切换方法，包括：终端设备获取第一卫星基站的星历信息，所述第一卫星基站为覆盖所述终端设备的卫星基站；所述终端设备根据所述星历信息，确定所述终端设备需要切换的目的卫星基站；所述终端设备根据确定的所述目的卫星基站，确定所述终端设备切换到所述目的卫星基站的第一时间；所述终端设备根据确定的所述第一时间，切换到所述目的卫星基站包括的目的小区。本申请减少终端设备的耗电量，节约空口资源，还避免了同一时刻大量终端设备上报测量信息导致的信令风暴，提高切换的成功率。

Description

卫星通信中的切换方法和装置
本申请要求于2019年3月26日提交中国专利局、申请号为201910232727.5、申请名称为“卫星通信中的切换方法和装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信技术，尤其涉及一种卫星通信中的切换方法和装置。
背景技术
地球同步卫星长期以来用于移动通信，但由于地球同步卫星受限于同步卫星轨道(Geostationary Satellite Orbit，GSO)，因此可以在GSO中布置的卫星的数量是有限的。作为地球同步卫星的替代方案，已设计了使用非同步卫星轨道(Non Geostationary Satellite Orbit，NGSO)，例如，低地球轨道(Low Earth Orbit，LEO)中的卫星星座的通信系统，以向整个地球或者地球的大部分位置提供通信覆盖。在基于NGSO的通信系统中，卫星相对于地球表面的通信设备(例如，网关或终端设备)产生移动，同时地球表面的通信设备本身也可能处在一种运动状态，例如，通信设备位于移动的高铁或飞机上。以低轨卫星为例，其移动速度较快，离地球表面高度为1200km，那么该卫星绕地球轨道运行一周的时间大概为100分钟左右，该卫星对于一个终端设备来说，服务的时间大概在十分钟左右，因此，会存在在某个时间点终端设备从一个卫星切换到另一个卫星的情况。
相关技术的终端设备切换的过程中，基站指示终端设备进行信道质量测量，然后基站基于测量结果指示终端设备将无线链路切换到目的邻小区。
但在卫星通信中，由于卫星和终端设备的距离比较远，通常是1000km左右，在卫星和终端设备之间存在着比较长的传输时延，同时卫星本身也在高速运行，因此当终端设备在上报测量结果时，基于传输时延和卫星高速运动两个因素，很有可能卫星收到终端设备上报的测量结果时，信道的质量已经发生了明显变化，而且卫星的运动造成终端设备的频繁切换，终端设备要不断的上报测量结果，不但终端设备的能耗变大，很可能会造成系统的信令风暴，最终导致切换的失败。
发明内容
本申请提供一种卫星通信中的切换方法和装置，以减少终端设备的耗电量，节约空口资源，还避免了同一时刻大量终端设备上报测量信息导致的信令风暴，提高切换的成功率。
第一方面，本申请提供一种卫星通信中的切换方法，包括：终端设备获取第一卫星基站的星历信息，所述第一卫星基站为覆盖所述终端设备的卫星基站；所述终端设备根据所述星历信息，确定所述终端设备需要切换的目的卫星基站；所述终端设备根据确定的所述目的卫星基站，确定所述终端设备切换到所述目的卫星基站的第一时间；所述终端设备根据确定的所述第一时间，切换到所述目的卫星基站包括的目的小区。
本实施例，由终端设备根据卫星基站的位置信息确定目的卫星基站，并确定切换到目的卫星基站的时间，终端设备在该时间到达时切换到目的卫星基站包括的目的小区，由于 卫星运行具有周期性，终端设备确定的切换信息同样具有周期性，而且非连接状态下终端设备可以不计算，使得终端设备不需要频繁测量信道质量和上报测量结果，减少终端设备的耗电量，节约空口资源，还避免了同一时刻大量终端设备上报测量信息导致的信令风暴。又由于卫星和终端具有移动运行的特点，网络侧的决策和主导的链路切换存在失败的概率较大，而终端设备自己选择的目的卫星基站和切换时间则可以提高切换的成功率。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述终端设备获取第一卫星基站的星历信息，包括：所述终端设备向星历信息网元发送星历信息请求，所述星历信息请求包括所述终端设备的位置信息；所述终端设备接收所述星历信息网元发送的信令，所述信令包括所述第一卫星基站的星历信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述终端设备根据所述星历信息，确定所述终端设备需要切换的目的卫星基站，包括：所述终端设备根据所述星历信息计算第二时间，所述第二时间为所述覆盖所述终端设备的卫星基站覆盖所述终端设备的起始时间；所述终端设备根据所述第二时间确定第二卫星基站，所述第二卫星基站为在当前时刻之后覆盖所述终端设备的卫星基站；所述终端设备根据所述第二卫星基站的星历信息和所述终端设备的位置信息计算所述第二卫星基站与终端设备之间的距离，将所述第二卫星基站中距离最近的卫星基站确定为所述目的卫星基站。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述终端设备根据确定的所述目的卫星基站，确定所述终端设备切换到所述目的卫星基站的第一时间，包括：所述终端设备根据所述目的卫星基站的所述星历信息计算所述目的卫星基站的移动速度，并根据所述目的卫星基站的移动速度、所述终端设备的移动速度以及设定的切换提前量计算所述第一时间。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述终端设备获取第一卫星基站的星历信息，包括：所述终端设备接收广播消息，所述广播消息包括所述第一卫星基站的标识信息，以及所述第一卫星基站包括的小区的标识信息、覆盖时间和经纬度信息，所述第一卫星基站包括的小区在所述覆盖时间内覆盖所述经纬度信息所表示的位置。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述终端设备根据所述星历信息，确定所述终端设备需要切换的目的卫星基站，包括：所述终端设备根据所述第一卫星基站的标识信息，以及所述第一卫星基站包括的小区的标识信息、覆盖时间和经纬度信息确定所述第一卫星基站包括的小区中最先覆盖所述终端设备的小区，将所述最先覆盖所述终端设备的小区所属基站确定为所述目的卫星基站。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述终端设备根据确定的所述目的卫星基站，确定所述终端设备切换到所述目的卫星基站的第一时间，包括：所述终端设备根据所述目的卫星基站的所述覆盖时间和设定的切换提前量计算所述第一时间。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述广播消息由所述第一卫星基站中的一个卫星基站发送；或者，所述广播消息由各个所述第一卫星基站分别发送。
第二方面，本申请提供一种卫星通信中的切换装置，包括：收发单元，用于获取第一卫星基站的星历信息，所述第一卫星基站为覆盖所述终端设备的卫星基站；处理单元，用于根据所述星历信息，确定所述终端设备需要切换的目的卫星基站；根据确定的所述目的卫星基站，确定所述终端设备切换到所述目的卫星基站的第一时间；根据确定的所述第一时间，切换到所述目的卫星基站包括的目的小区。
本实施例，由终端设备根据卫星基站的位置信息确定目的卫星基站，并确定切换到目的卫星基站的时间，终端设备在该时间到达时切换到目的卫星基站包括的目的小区，由于卫星运行具有周期性，终端设备确定的切换信息同样具有周期性，而且非连接状态下终端设备可以不计算，使得终端设备不需要频繁测量信道质量和上报测量结果，减少终端设备的耗电量，节约空口资源，还避免了同一时刻大量终端设备上报测量信息导致的信令风暴。又由于卫星和终端具有移动运行的特点，网络侧的决策和主导的链路切换存在失败的概率较大，而终端设备自己选择的目的卫星基站和切换时间则可以提高切换的成功率。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述收发单元，具体用于向星历信息网元发送星历信息请求，所述星历信息请求包括所述终端设备的位置信息；接收所述星历信息网元发送的信令，所述信令包括所述第一卫星基站的星历信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述处理单元，具体用于根据所述星历信息计算第二时间，所述第二时间为所述覆盖所述终端设备的卫星基站覆盖所述终端设备的起始时间；根据所述第二时间确定第二卫星基站，所述第二卫星基站为在当前时刻之后覆盖所述终端设备的卫星基站；根据所述第二卫星基站的星历信息和所述终端设备的位置信息计算所述第二卫星基站与终端设备之间的距离，将所述第二卫星基站中距离最近的卫星基站确定为所述目的卫星基站。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述处理单元，具体用于根据所述目的卫星基站的所述星历信息计算所述目的卫星基站的移动速度，并根据所述目的卫星基站的移动速度、所述终端设备的移动速度以及设定的切换提前量计算所述第一时间。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述收发单元，具体用于接收广播消息，所述广播消息包括所述第一卫星基站的标识信息，以及所述第一卫星基站包括的小区的标识信息、覆盖时间和经纬度信息，所述第一卫星基站包括的小区在所述覆盖时间内覆盖所述经纬度信息所表示的位置。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述处理单元，具体用于所述终端设备根据所述第一卫星基站的标识信息，以及所述第一卫星基站包括的小区的标识信息、覆盖时间和经纬度信息确定所述第一卫星基站包括的小区中最先覆盖所述终端设备的小区，将所述最先覆盖所述终端设备的小区所属基站确定为所述目的卫星基站。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述处理单元，具体用于根据所述目的卫星基站的所述覆盖时间和设定的切换提前量计算所述第一时间。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述广播消息由所述第一卫星基站中的一个卫星基站发送；或者，所述广播消息由各个所述第一卫星基站分别发送。
第三方面，本申请提供一种终端设备，包括：一个或多个处理器；存储器，用于存储一个或多个程序；当所述一个或多个程序被所述一个或多个处理器执行，使得所述一个或多个处理器实现如上述第一方面中任一项所述的方法。
第四方面，本申请提供一种计算机可读存储介质，包括计算机程序，所述计算机程序在计算机上被执行时，使得所述计算机执行上述第一方面中任一项所述的方法。
第五方面，本申请提供一种计算机程序，当所述计算机程序被计算机执行时，用于执行上述第一方面中任一项所述的方法。
第六方面，本申请提供一种芯片，包括处理器和存储器，所述存储器用于存储计算机 程序，所述处理器用于调用并运行所述存储器中存储的计算机程序，以执行如上述第一方面中任一项所述的方法。
附图说明
图1为LEO中的卫星移动导致终端设备切换的示意图；
图2为本申请卫星通信场景示意图；
图3为本申请卫星通信中的切换方法实施例一的流程图；
图4为本申请卫星通信中的切换方法实施例二的流程图；
图5为本申请提供的通信装置500的示意性框图；
图6为本申请提供的终端设备600的示意性结构图；
图7为本申请提供的网络设备700的示意性结构图。
具体实施方式
为使本申请的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请中的附图，对本申请中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
图1为LEO中的卫星移动导致终端设备切换的示意图，如图1所示，由于卫星的移动，在时间1由卫星1覆盖终端设备所在位置，在时间2卫星1移动到其他地方，由卫星2覆盖终端设备所在位置，在时间3卫星2又移动到其他地方，由卫星3覆盖终端设备所在位置，因此终端设备在不同的时间由不同的卫星提供接入服务，在这个过程中，终端设备要在不同的卫星小区之间切换。
图2为本申请卫星通信场景示意图，如图2所示，本申请属于卫星通信范畴，位于地面的终端设备通过新空口(New Radio，NR)接入网络，基站部署在卫星上，并通过无线链路与地面的地面站、5G核心网相连，在卫星基站之间也存在无线链路，完成基站与基站之间的信令交互和用户数据传输。其中，终端设备为支持NR的移动设备，包括手机，平板电脑等，终端设备可以通过NR接入卫星基站并发起呼叫、上网等业务。卫星基站主要提供无线接入服务，并调度无线资源给接入终端设备，支持可靠的无线传输协议和数据加密协议等。5G核心网主要负责终端设备接入控制、移动性管理、会话管理、用户安全认证和计费等业务。地面站主要负责转发卫星基站和5G核心网之间的信令和业务数据。NR为终端设备和卫星基站之间的无线链路。Xn接口为卫星基站彼此之间的接口，主要用于切换等信令交互。NG接口为卫星基站和5G核心网之间接口，主要交互5G核心网的信令和终端设备的业务数据。
以下以图2所示场景为例，对本申请提供的卫星通信中的切换方法进行说明。
图3为本申请卫星通信中的切换方法实施例一的流程图，如图3所示，本实施例的方法可以由终端设备执行，该方法可以包括：
步骤301、终端设备向星历信息网元发送星历信息请求。
该星历信息请求包括终端设备的位置信息。星历信息网元用于搜集所有卫星基站的星历信息，其可以是独立于卫星基站和5G核心网的网络侧设备，也可以设置于5G核心网 (如图2所示)中。
步骤302、星历信息网元向终端设备发送信令，该信令包括第一卫星基站的星历信息。
第一卫星基站为覆盖终端设备的卫星基站，星历信息包括卫星的轨道面的倾角，升交点的赤经，轨道椭圆长半轴，轨道椭圆的偏心率，近地点角距和卫星过近点时刻等。
步骤303、终端设备根据星历信息，确定终端设备需要切换的目的卫星基站。
终端设备如果发现服务基站的信号变弱，例如，从服务基站接收到的信号的误码率大于设定阈值时，说明此时服务基站正在远离终端，信号强度正在变弱，如果不及时切换，终端设备很可能会掉线，此时终端设备可以先根据先前得到的星历信息计算第二时间，该第二时间为覆盖终端设备的卫星基站覆盖终端设备的起始时间，然后终端设备根据第二时间确定第二卫星基站，第二卫星基站为在当前时刻之后覆盖终端设备的卫星基站，最后终端设备根据第二卫星基站的星历信息和终端设备的位置信息计算第二卫星基站与终端设备之间的距离，将第二卫星基站中距离最近的卫星基站确定为目的卫星基站。
基于步骤302获取到的星历信息，终端设备可以得到各个能够覆盖终端设备的卫星基站的移动轨迹，以及这些卫星基站覆盖终端设备的起始时间，甚至可以确定哪些卫星基站即将远离终端设备，哪些卫星基站即将接近终端设备。终端设备可以根据星历信息从N个第一卫星基站中确定M个第二卫星基站，由于卫星基站有其固有的移动轨迹，因此根据移动方向存在向着终端设备移动的卫星基站，和背离终端设备移动的卫星基站，终端设备首先排除掉背离终端设备移动的卫星基站，只保留向着终端设备移动的卫星基站，即在当前时刻之后覆盖终端设备所在位置的卫星基站。终端设备再根据M个第二卫星基站的星历信息和终端设备的位置信息计算M个第二卫星基站与终端设备之间的距离，将M个第二卫星基站中距离最近的卫星基站确定为目的卫星基站。假设终端设备自身位置为P0，P0可以通过定位装置获取，M个第二卫星基站的位置分别为P1、P2、…PM，P1、P2、…PM可以根据第二卫星基站的星历信息获取，终端设备分别计算出与各个第二卫星基站的距离D1、D2、D3、…DM，从中选择距离最短的第二卫星基站作为切换的目的卫星基站(target gNB)。
步骤304、终端设备根据确定的目的卫星基站，确定终端设备切换到目的卫星基站的第一时间。
本申请中终端设备根据目的卫星基站的星历信息计算目的卫星基站的移动速度，并根据目的卫星基站的移动速度、终端设备的移动速度以及设定的切换提前量计算第一时间。
由于信号在终端设备和卫星基站之间往返存在传输时延，因此终端设备在计算切换时间时，还需要考虑信号的传输时延，即在实际的切换时间上减去切换提前量，该切换提前量可以参考传输距离、传输速度、信号的传输时延等因素进行设定。
步骤305、终端设备根据确定的第一时间，切换到目的卫星基站包括的目的小区。
本实施例中，终端设备在第一时间到达时，接收同步信号，根据该同步信号确定目的小区。目的卫星基站包括的小区向外发送广播消息和同步信号，终端设备在接收到该同步信号后，认为具备接入该小区的条件，便确认该小区就是目的小区。
终端设备可以直接向服务小区发送切换请求，该切换请求包括目的卫星基站和目的小区的标识信息。终端设备向服务小区发送的切换请求可以通过两种方式来实现：一种是新增加一条切换请求消息，在该切换请求消息中携带目的卫星基站和目的小区的标识信息。 另一种是在现有的测量事件中增加一个新的触发事件，例如，Ax，终端设备在该测量事件中携带目的卫星基站和目的小区的标识信息。
本实施例，由终端设备根据卫星基站的位置信息确定目的卫星基站，并确定切换到目的卫星基站的时间，终端设备在该时间到达时切换到目的卫星基站包括的目的小区，由于卫星运行具有周期性，终端设备确定的切换信息同样具有周期性，而且非连接状态下终端设备可以不计算，使得终端设备不需要频繁测量信道质量和上报测量结果，减少终端设备的耗电量，节约空口资源，还避免了同一时刻大量终端设备上报测量信息导致的信令风暴。又由于卫星和终端具有移动运行的特点，网络侧的决策和主导的链路切换存在失败的概率较大，而终端设备自己选择的目的卫星基站和切换时间则可以提高切换的成功率。
图4为本申请卫星通信中的切换方法实施例二的流程图，如图4所示，本实施例的方法可以包括：
步骤401、终端设备接收广播消息。
该广播消息可以由覆盖终端设备的卫星基站中的其中一个卫星基站发送，也可以由覆盖终端设备的各个卫星基站分别发送。卫星基站可以从核心网获取自己的星历信息，星历信息包括卫星的轨道面的倾角，升交点的赤经，轨道椭圆长半轴，轨道椭圆的偏心率，近地点角距和卫星过近点时刻等，并且根据和相邻卫星基站的通信获取相邻卫星基站的星历信息，因此卫星基站可以根据星历信息计算得到覆盖某个区域的时间。卫星基站可以以广播消息的形式向终端设备发送这一计算结果。
广播消息包括覆盖终端设备的第一卫星基站的标识信息，以及第一卫星基站包括的小区的标识信息、覆盖时间和经纬度信息，第一卫星基站包括的小区在覆盖时间内覆盖经纬度信息所表示的位置。示例性的，上述广播消息可以采用表1的形式表示：
表1
卫星基站的标识信息 小区的标识信息 覆盖时间 经度 纬度
gNB ID 1 Cell ID 1 9:00-9:05 23°26'22"W 23°26'22"S
gNB ID 2 Cell ID 2 9:05-9:10 23°26'22"W 23°26'22"S
gNB ID 3 Cell ID 3 9:10-9:15 23°26'22"W 23°26'22"S
步骤402、终端设备根据星历信息，确定终端设备需要切换的目的卫星基站。
终端设备根据第一卫星基站的标识信息，以及第一卫星基站包括的小区的标识信息、覆盖时间和经纬度信息确定第一卫星基站包括的小区中最先覆盖终端设备的小区，将最先覆盖终端设备的小区所属基站确定为目的卫星基站。
由表1可知，一共有三个卫星基站(即5G基站(next Generation Node B，gNB))依时间顺序先后覆盖经度为23°26'22"W，维度为23°26'22"S所表示的位置。终端设备可以通过定位装置，例如，全球定位系统(Global Positioning System，GPS)获取自己的位置，根据表1的信息，终端设备可以知道经度为23°26'22"W，维度为23°26'22"S所表示的位置正是自己所在的位置，从而可以确定表1中的三个小区覆盖自己所在的位置的覆盖时间。终端设备将其中最先覆盖自己所在的位置的小区确定为目的小区，例如Cell ID 1，该目的小区所属基站即为目的卫星基站。
步骤403、终端设备根据确定的目的卫星基站，确定终端设备切换到目的卫星基站的第一时间。
终端设备根据目的卫星基站的覆盖时间和设定的切换提前量计算第一时间。由于信号在终端设备和卫星基站之间往返存在传输时延，因此终端设备在计算切换时间时，还需要考虑信号的传输时延，即在实际的切换时间上减去切换提前量，该切换提前量可以参考传输距离、传输速度、信号的传输时延等因素进行设定。
步骤404、终端设备根据确定的第一时间，切换到目的卫星基站包括的目的小区。
终端设备向服务小区发送切换请求，该切换请求包括目的卫星基站和目的小区的标识信息。终端设备向服务小区发送的切换请求可以通过两种方式来实现：一种是新增加一条切换请求消息，在该切换请求消息中携带目的卫星基站和目的小区的标识信息。另一种是在现有的测量事件中增加一个新的触发事件，例如，Ax，终端设备在该测量事件中携带目的卫星基站和目的小区的标识信息。
本实施例，由终端设备根据卫星基站的位置信息确定目的卫星基站，并确定切换到目的卫星基站的时间，终端设备在该时间到达时切换到目的卫星基站包括的目的小区，由于卫星运行具有周期性，终端设备确定的切换信息同样具有周期性，而且非连接状态下终端设备可以不计算，使得终端设备不需要频繁测量信道质量和上报测量结果，减少终端设备的耗电量，节约空口资源，还避免了同一时刻大量终端设备上报测量信息导致的信令风暴。又由于卫星和终端具有移动运行的特点，网络侧的决策和主导的链路切换存在失败的概率较大，而终端设备自己选择的目的卫星基站和切换时间则可以提高切换的成功率。
当服务小区接收到切换请求后，解析出目的卫星基站和目的小区，通过Xn接口向目的小区发送切换请求，从而开始第三代合作伙伴计划(3rd Generation Partnership Project，3GPP)规定的切换流程。
参见图5，图5为本申请提供的通信装置500的示意性框图。通信装置500包括处理单元502和收发单元501。
在一个实施例中，通信装置500具有方法实施例中终端设备在卫星通信中的切换配置切换的功能。例如，通信装置500可以完全对应图3或4的实施例中的终端设备。此时，通信装置500的各单元分别用于执行如下操作和/或处理。
收发单元501，用于获取第一卫星基站的星历信息，所述第一卫星基站为覆盖所述终端设备的卫星基站；
处理单元502，用于根据所述星历信息，确定所述终端设备需要切换的目的卫星基站；根据确定的所述目的卫星基站，确定所述终端设备切换到所述目的卫星基站的第一时间；根据确定的所述第一时间，切换到所述目的卫星基站包括的目的小区。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述收发单元501，具体用于向星历信息网元发送星历信息请求，所述星历信息请求包括所述终端设备的位置信息；接收所述星历信息网元发送的信令，所述信令包括所述第一卫星基站的星历信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述处理单元502，具体用于根据所述星历信息计算第二时间，所述第二时间为所述覆盖所述终端设备的卫星基站覆盖所述终端设备的起始时间；根据所述第二时间确定第二卫星基站，所述第二卫星基站为在当前时刻之后覆盖所述终端设备的卫星基站；根据所述第二卫星基站的星历信息和所述终端设备的位置信息计算所述第二卫星基站与终端设备之间的距离，将所述第二卫星基站中距离最近的卫星基站确定为所述目的卫星基站。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述处理单元502，具体用于根据所述目的卫星基站的所述星历信息计算所述目的卫星基站的移动速度，并根据所述目的卫星基站的移动速度、所述终端设备的移动速度以及设定的切换提前量计算所述第一时间。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述收发单元501，具体用于接收广播消息，所述广播消息包括所述第一卫星基站的标识信息，以及所述第一卫星基站包括的小区的标识信息、覆盖时间和经纬度信息，所述第一卫星基站包括的小区在所述覆盖时间内覆盖所述经纬度信息所表示的位置。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述处理单元502，具体用于所述终端设备根据所述第一卫星基站的标识信息，以及所述第一卫星基站包括的小区的标识信息、覆盖时间和经纬度信息确定所述第一卫星基站包括的小区中最先覆盖所述终端设备的小区，将所述最先覆盖所述终端设备的小区所属基站确定为所述目的卫星基站。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述处理单元502，具体用于根据所述目的卫星基站的所述覆盖时间和设定的切换提前量计算所述第一时间。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述广播消息由所述第一卫星基站中的一个卫星基站发送；或者，所述广播消息由各个所述第一卫星基站分别发送。
可选地，通信装置500也可以同时具有方法实施例中的其它功能。类似说明可以参考前述方法实施例的描述。为避免重复，这里不再赘述。
可选地，处理单元502可以是处理器，收发单元501可以是收发器。收发器包括接收器和发射器，同时具有发送和接收的功能。
可选地，处理单元502可以是一个处理装置，处理装置的功能可以部分或全部通过软件实现。
在一种可能的实现方式中，处理装置的功能可以部分或全部通过软件实现。此时，处理装置可以包括存储器和处理器。其中，存储器用于存储计算机程序，处理器读取并执行存储器中存储的计算机程序，以执行各方法实施例中由卫星基站内部实现的步骤。
可选地，在一种可能的实现方式中，处理装置包括处理器。用于存储计算机程序的存储器位于处理装置之外，处理器通过电路/电线与存储器连接，以读取并执行存储器中存储的计算机程序。
在一种可能的实现方式中，处理装置的功能可以全部通过硬件实现。此时，处理装置可以包括输入接口电路、逻辑电路和输出接口电路。其中，输入接口电路，用于获取第一卫星基站的星历信息，所述第一卫星基站为覆盖所述终端设备的卫星基站；逻辑电路，用于根据所述星历信息，确定所述终端设备需要切换的目的卫星基站；根据确定的所述目的卫星基站，确定所述终端设备切换到所述目的卫星基站的第一时间；根据确定的所述第一时间，切换到所述目的卫星基站包括的目的小区。
可选地，输出接口电路将卫星基站的星历信息输出至存储器，由存储器对进行保存。
在另一个实施例中，通信装置500可以为芯片。此时，收发单元501具体可以为通信接口或者收发电路。
参见图6，图6为本申请提供的终端设备600的示意性结构图。如图6所示，终端设备600包括处理器601和收发器602。
可选地，终端设备600还包括存储器603。其中，处理器601、收发器602和存储器 603之间可以通过内部连接通路互相通信，传递控制信号和/或数据信号。
其中，存储器603用于存储计算机程序。处理器601用于执行存储器603中存储的计算机程序，从而实现上述装置实施例中通信装置500的各功能。
具体地，处理器601可以用于执行装置实施例(例如，图5)中描述的由处理单元502执行的操作和/或处理，而收发器602用于执行由收发单元501执行操作和/处理。
例如，收发器602获取第一卫星基站的星历信息，所述第一卫星基站为覆盖所述终端设备的卫星基站。又例如，处理器601根据所述星历信息，确定所述终端设备需要切换的目的卫星基站；根据确定的所述目的卫星基站，确定所述终端设备切换到所述目的卫星基站的第一时间；根据确定的所述第一时间，切换到所述目的卫星基站包括的目的小区。
可选地，存储器603也可以集成在处理器601中，或者独立于处理器601。
可选地，终端设备600还可以包括天线604，用于将收发器602输出的信号发射出去。或者，收发器602通过天线接收信号。
可选地，终端设备600还可以包括电源605，用于给终端设备中的各种器件或电路提供电源。
除此之外，为了使得终端设备的功能更加完善，终端设备600还可以包括输入单元606、显示单元607(也可以认为是输出单元)、音频电路608、摄像头609和传感器610等中的一个或多个。音频电路还可以包括扬声器6081、麦克风6082等，不再赘述。
此外，本申请还提供一种通信系统，包括各方法实施例中所述的卫星基站和终端设备。
本申请还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质上存储有计算机程序，所述计算机程序被计算机执行时，使得计算机执行上述任一方法实施例中由卫星基站执行的步骤和/或处理。
本申请还提供一种计算机程序产品，所述计算机程序产品包括计算机程序代码，当所述计算机程序代码在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述任一方法实施例中由卫星基站执行的步骤和/或处理。
本申请还提供一种芯片，所述芯片包括处理器。用于存储计算机程序的存储器独立于芯片而设置，处理器用于执行存储器中存储的计算机程序，以执行任一方法实施例中由卫星基站执行的步骤和/或处理。
进一步地，所述芯片还可以包括存储器和通信接口。所述通信接口可以是输入/输出接口、管脚或输入/输出电路等。
本申请还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质上存储有计算机程序，所述计算机程序被计算机执行时，使得计算机执行上述任一方法实施例中由终端设备执行的操作和/或处理。
本申请还提供一种计算机程序产品，所述计算机程序产品包括计算机程序代码，当所述计算机程序代码在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述任一方法实施例中由终端设备执行的操作和/或处理。
本申请还提供一种芯片，所述芯片包括处理器。用于存储计算机程序的存储器独立于芯片而设置，处理器用于执行存储器中存储的计算机程序，以执行任一方法实施例中由终端设备执行的操作和/或处理。
进一步地，所述芯片还可以包括存储器和通信接口。所述通信接口可以是输入/输出 接口、管脚或输入/输出电路等。
参见图7，图7为本申请提供的网络设备700的示意性结构图。网络设备700可以对应各方法实施例中的卫星基站。如图7所示，网络设备700包括天线701、射频装置702、基带装置703。天线701与射频装置702连接。在上行方向上，射频装置702通过天线701接收来自终端设备的信号，并将接收到的信号发送给基带装置703进行处理。在下行方向上，基带装置703生成需要发送给终端设备的信号，并将生成的信号发送给射频装置702。射频装置702通过天线701将该信号发射出去。
基带装置703可以包括一个或多个处理单元7031。处理单元7031具体可以为处理器。
此外，基带装置703还可以包括一个或多个存储单元7032以及一个或多个通信接口7033。存储单元7032用于存储计算机程序和/或数据。通信接口7033用于与射频装置702交互信息。存储单元7032具体可以为存储器，通信接口7033可以为输入输出接口或者收发电路。
可选地，存储单元7032可以是和处理单元7031处于同一芯片上的存储单元，即片内存储单元，也可以是与处理单元7031处于不同芯片上的存储单元，即片外存储单元。本申请对此不作限定。
在图7中，基带装置703可以执行装置实施例(例如，图5)中由处理单元502执行的操作和/或处理。射频装置702可以执行装置实施例(例如，图5)中由收发单元501执行的操作和/或处理。
在一个实施例中，上述图5中所示的通信装置500的处理单元502可以为图7中所示的基带装置703，收发单元501可以为射频装置702。
以上各实施例中提及的处理器可以是一种集成电路芯片，具有信号的处理能力。在实现过程中，上述方法实施例的各步骤可以通过处理器中的硬件的集成逻辑电路或者软件形式的指令完成。处理器可以是通用处理器、数字信号处理器(digital signal processor,DSP)、特定应用集成电路(application-specific integrated circuit，ASIC)、现场可编程门阵列(field programmable gate array,FPGA)或其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是任何常规的处理器等。本申请实施例公开的方法的步骤可以直接体现为硬件编码处理器执行完成，或者用编码处理器中的硬件及软件模块组合执行完成。软件模块可以位于随机存储器，闪存、只读存储器，可编程只读存储器或者电可擦写可编程存储器、寄存器等本领域成熟的存储介质中。该存储介质位于存储器，处理器读取存储器中的信息，结合其硬件完成上述方法的步骤。
上述各实施例中提及的存储器可以是易失性存储器或非易失性存储器，或可包括易失性和非易失性存储器两者。其中，非易失性存储器可以是只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)、可编程只读存储器(programmable ROM，PROM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(erasable PROM，EPROM)、电可擦除可编程只读存储器(electrically EPROM，EEPROM)或闪存。易失性存储器可以是随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)，其用作外部高速缓存。通过示例性但不是限制性说明，许多形式的RAM可用，例如静态随机存取存储器(static RAM，SRAM)、动态随机存取存储器(dynamic RAM，DRAM)、同步动态随机存取存储器(synchronous DRAM，SDRAM)、双倍数据速率同步动态随机存取存储器(double data rate SDRAM，DDR SDRAM)、增强型同步动态随机存取存储器 (enhanced SDRAM，ESDRAM)、同步连接动态随机存取存储器(synchlink DRAM，SLDRAM)和直接内存总线随机存取存储器(direct rambus RAM，DR RAM)。应注意，本文描述的系统和方法的存储器旨在包括但不限于这些和任意其它适合类型的存储器。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统、装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统、装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。
所述功能如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)、随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种卫星通信中的切换方法，其特征在于，包括：
    终端设备获取第一卫星基站的星历信息，所述第一卫星基站为覆盖所述终端设备的卫星基站；
    所述终端设备根据所述星历信息，确定所述终端设备需要切换的目的卫星基站；
    所述终端设备根据确定的所述目的卫星基站，确定所述终端设备切换到所述目的卫星基站的第一时间；
    所述终端设备根据确定的所述第一时间，切换到所述目的卫星基站包括的目的小区。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端设备获取第一卫星基站的星历信息，包括：
    所述终端设备向星历信息网元发送星历信息请求，所述星历信息请求包括所述终端设备的位置信息；
    所述终端设备接收所述星历信息网元发送的信令，所述信令包括所述第一卫星基站的星历信息。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端设备根据所述星历信息，确定所述终端设备需要切换的目的卫星基站，包括：
    所述终端设备根据所述星历信息计算第二时间，所述第二时间为所述覆盖所述终端设备的卫星基站覆盖所述终端设备的起始时间；
    所述终端设备根据所述第二时间确定第二卫星基站，所述第二卫星基站为在当前时刻之后覆盖所述终端设备的卫星基站；
    所述终端设备根据所述第二卫星基站的星历信息和所述终端设备的位置信息计算所述第二卫星基站与终端设备之间的距离，将所述第二卫星基站中距离最近的卫星基站确定为所述目的卫星基站。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端设备根据确定的所述目的卫星基站，确定所述终端设备切换到所述目的卫星基站的第一时间，包括：
    所述终端设备根据所述目的卫星基站的所述星历信息计算所述目的卫星基站的移动速度，并根据所述目的卫星基站的移动速度、所述终端设备的移动速度以及设定的切换提前量计算所述第一时间。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端设备获取第一卫星基站的星历信息，包括：
    所述终端设备接收广播消息，所述广播消息包括所述第一卫星基站的标识信息，以及所述第一卫星基站包括的小区的标识信息、覆盖时间和经纬度信息，所述第一卫星基站包括的小区在所述覆盖时间内覆盖所述经纬度信息所表示的位置。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端设备根据所述星历信息，确定所述终端设备需要切换的目的卫星基站，包括：
    所述终端设备根据所述第一卫星基站的标识信息，以及所述第一卫星基站包括的小区的标识信息、覆盖时间和经纬度信息确定所述第一卫星基站包括的小区中最先覆盖所述终端设备的小区，将所述最先覆盖所述终端设备的小区所属基站确定为所述目的卫星基站。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端设备根据确定的所述目的卫星基站，确定所述终端设备切换到所述目的卫星基站的第一时间，包括：
    所述终端设备根据所述目的卫星基站的所述覆盖时间和设定的切换提前量计算所述第一时间。
  8. 根据权利要求5-7任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述广播消息由所述第一卫星基站中的一个卫星基站发送；或者，所述广播消息由各个所述第一卫星基站分别发送。
  9. 一种卫星通信中的切换装置，其特征在于，包括：
    收发单元，用于获取第一卫星基站的星历信息，所述第一卫星基站为覆盖终端设备的卫星基站；
    处理单元，用于根据所述星历信息，确定所述终端设备需要切换的目的卫星基站；根据确定的所述目的卫星基站，确定所述终端设备切换到所述目的卫星基站的第一时间；根据确定的所述第一时间，切换到所述目的卫星基站包括的目的小区。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的装置，其特征在于，所述收发单元，具体用于向星历信息网元发送星历信息请求，所述星历信息请求包括所述终端设备的位置信息；接收所述星历信息网元发送的信令，所述信令包括所述第一卫星基站的星历信息。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理单元，具体用于根据所述星历信息计算第二时间，所述第二时间为所述覆盖所述终端设备的卫星基站覆盖所述终端设备的起始时间；根据所述第二时间确定第二卫星基站，所述第二卫星基站为在当前时刻之后覆盖所述终端设备的卫星基站；根据所述第二卫星基站的星历信息和所述终端设备的位置信息计算所述第二卫星基站与终端设备之间的距离，将所述第二卫星基站中距离最近的卫星基站确定为所述目的卫星基站。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理单元，具体用于根据所述目的卫星基站的所述星历信息计算所述目的卫星基站的移动速度，并根据所述目的卫星基站的移动速度、所述终端设备的移动速度以及设定的切换提前量计算所述第一时间。
  13. 根据权利要求9所述的装置，其特征在于，所述收发单元，具体用于接收广播消息，所述广播消息包括所述第一卫星基站的标识信息，以及所述第一卫星基站包括的小区的标识信息、覆盖时间和经纬度信息，所述第一卫星基站包括的小区在所述覆盖时间内覆盖所述经纬度信息所表示的位置。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理单元，具体用于所述终端设备根据所述第一卫星基站的标识信息，以及所述第一卫星基站包括的小区的标识信息、覆盖时间和经纬度信息确定所述第一卫星基站包括的小区中最先覆盖所述终端设备的小区，将所述最先覆盖所述终端设备的小区所属基站确定为所述目的卫星基站。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理单元，具体用于根据所述目的卫星基站的所述覆盖时间和设定的切换提前量计算所述第一时间。
  16. 根据权利要求5-7任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述广播消息由所述第一卫星基站中的一个卫星基站发送；或者，所述广播消息由各个所述第一卫星基站分别发送。
  17. 一种终端设备，其特征在于，包括：
    一个或多个处理器；
    存储器，用于存储一个或多个程序；
    当所述一个或多个程序被所述一个或多个处理器执行，使得所述一个或多个处理器实现如权利要求1-8中任一项所述的方法。
  18. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，包括计算机程序，所述计算机程序在计算机上被执行时，使得所述计算机执行权利要求1-8中任一项所述的方法。
  19. 一种计算机程序，其特征在于，当所述计算机程序被计算机执行时，用于执行权利要求1-8中任一项所述的方法。
  20. 一种芯片，其特征在于，包括处理器和存储器，所述存储器用于存储计算机程序，所述处理器用于调用并运行所述存储器中存储的计算机程序，以执行如权利要求1-8任一项所述的方法。
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CN113972945A (zh) * 2021-09-22 2022-01-25 阿里巴巴达摩院(杭州)科技有限公司 切换方法、设备、存储介质和无线通信系统
CN113972945B (zh) * 2021-09-22 2024-04-30 杭州阿里云飞天信息技术有限公司 切换方法、设备、存储介质和无线通信系统
CN114531191A (zh) * 2021-12-10 2022-05-24 广州爱浦路网络技术有限公司 一种低轨卫星切换方法、系统、装置与存储介质
CN114531191B (zh) * 2021-12-10 2022-09-13 广州爱浦路网络技术有限公司 一种低轨卫星切换方法、系统、装置与存储介质
WO2023169398A1 (zh) * 2022-03-11 2023-09-14 维沃移动通信有限公司 网络确定方法、网络接入方法、数据传输方法及相关设备
WO2024008022A1 (zh) * 2022-07-06 2024-01-11 华为技术有限公司 一种非地面网络的通信方法、装置及系统
CN116347546A (zh) * 2023-05-19 2023-06-27 华安中云股份有限公司 卫星网络切换方法、装置、设备及介质
CN116347546B (zh) * 2023-05-19 2023-08-08 华安中云股份有限公司 卫星网络切换方法、装置、设备及介质

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