WO2020192321A1 - 偏光片及其制备方法、显示面板、显示装置 - Google Patents

偏光片及其制备方法、显示面板、显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020192321A1
WO2020192321A1 PCT/CN2020/076223 CN2020076223W WO2020192321A1 WO 2020192321 A1 WO2020192321 A1 WO 2020192321A1 CN 2020076223 W CN2020076223 W CN 2020076223W WO 2020192321 A1 WO2020192321 A1 WO 2020192321A1
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Prior art keywords
layer
film layer
protective film
polarizer
light
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PCT/CN2020/076223
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English (en)
French (fr)
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朱潇龙
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京东方科技集团股份有限公司
成都京东方光电科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2020192321A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020192321A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/30—Polarising elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F9/00—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements
    • G09F9/30—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements
    • G09F9/33—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements being semiconductor devices, e.g. diodes

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  • the present disclosure relates to the field of display technology, in particular to a polarizer and a preparation method thereof, a display panel, and a display device.
  • the present disclosure provides a polarizer, including:
  • the light-shielding layer is located in a set area of the body layer to form a light-shielding area.
  • the setting area includes an edge area of the body layer.
  • the body layer includes: a first protective film layer, a second protective film layer, and a polarizing film layer located between the first protective film layer and the second protective film layer;
  • the light shielding layer is located between the first protective film layer and the second protective film layer.
  • the light shielding layer is an ink layer.
  • the polarizing film layer is a carrier of the light shielding layer.
  • the polarizer further includes a transparent substrate layer located between the first protective film layer and the second protective film layer, and the transparent substrate layer is the light-shielding layer Carrier.
  • the transparent substrate layer is a polyimide film, a polyterephthalate plastic film or a glue material.
  • the polarizer further includes a quarter wave plate, and the quarter wave plate is located on a side of the second protective film layer away from the polarizing film layer, or, The quarter wave plate is located on a side of the first protective film layer away from the polarizing film layer.
  • the light shielding layer is located on a side of the polarizing film layer away from the quarter wave plate.
  • the material of the first protective film layer and the second protective film layer is a triacetate cellulose film; the material of the polarizing film layer is polyvinyl alcohol.
  • a display panel includes the polarizer described in any of the above technical solutions.
  • the display panel further includes an OLED display module, and the polarizer is located on the light exit side of the OLED display module; the light shielding layer is located on the polarizing film layer away from the OLED display One side of the module.
  • a display device includes the display panel described in any of the above technical solutions.
  • a preparation method of a polarizer includes:
  • the first protective film layer, the polarizing film layer and the second protective film layer are stacked in sequence.
  • the method further includes:
  • a light shielding layer is prepared on one side of the polarizing film layer.
  • the method further includes:
  • the process of stacking the first protective film layer, the polarizing film layer, and the second protective film layer in sequence it further includes: arranging the transparent substrate layer on the first protective film layer and the second protective film layer. Between protective film layers.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a polarizer provided by an embodiment of the disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a polarizer provided by another embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a polarizer provided by still another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • 4a is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a frame area of a display panel in the related art
  • 4b is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a frame area of a display panel provided by an embodiment of the disclosure
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the preparation process of the protective film layer and the polarizing film layer in the polarizer provided by the embodiments of the disclosure;
  • FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a method for preparing a polarizer provided by an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a polarizer 1, which includes a body layer and a light-shielding layer 14.
  • the light-shielding layer 14 is disposed on a set area of the body layer to form Shading area.
  • the setting area is determined according to the light shielding requirement of the polarizer 1.
  • the setting area may specifically include an edge area of the body layer, that is, a light-shielding area is formed on the edge of the light-shielding sheet 1, and the edge area refers to a closed area set around the central area.
  • the shape of the polarizer is rectangular, then The edge area is a rectangular ring-shaped frame area. If the shape of the polarizer is circular, the edge area is an annular area.
  • the edge of the display panel can be shielded .
  • the setting area may include not only the edge area, but also other areas that need to be shielded from light; for example, when the polarizer 1 is applied to a display screen of an electronic product, the shape and size of the polarizer 1 are the same as the shape and size of the display screen.
  • the setting area includes not only the edge area of the polarizer 1 (corresponding to the frame area of the display screen), but also other areas corresponding to parts of the display screen that need to be shielded, for example, The hole area or the area corresponding to the sensor.
  • the body layer may specifically include a first protective film layer 11, a second protective film layer 12, and located between the first protective film layer 11 and the second protective film layer 12. Between the polarizing film layer 13.
  • the polarizing film layer 13 is a core film layer that modulates the polarization of light, and its material may be polyvinyl alcohol (PVA).
  • the first protective film layer 11 and the second protective film layer 12 are protective film layers, and the material may be triacetate cellulose film (TAC).
  • TAC triacetate cellulose film
  • the three-layer composite structure composed of the first protective film layer 11, the polarizing film layer 13, and the second protective film layer 12 can be a linear polarizer, and natural light can be absorbed by the polarizer 1 Modulated to linearly polarized light.
  • the light-shielding layer 14 may be arranged between the first protective film layer 11 and the second protective film layer 12. In this way, the difference in the surface of the polarizer 1 due to the light-shielding layer 14 can be avoided, and the surface of the polarizer 1 can be ensured Flatness.
  • the polarizer 1 may also include a quarter-wave plate 16; specifically, the quarter-wave plate 16 may be disposed on the second protective film layer 12 away from the polarizing film layer. Alternatively, the quarter wave plate 16 may also be arranged on the side of the first protective film layer 11 away from the polarizing film layer 13.
  • the polarizer 1 provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure is a circular polarizer, through which natural light can be modulated into circularly polarized light.
  • the polarizer 1 provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure may further include a first adhesive layer 17 disposed between the quarter wave plate 16 and the three-layer composite structure.
  • the first adhesive layer 17 may be a transparent pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA) for bonding the quarter wave plate 16 to the three-layer composite structure.
  • PSA transparent pressure sensitive adhesive
  • the above-mentioned polarizer has a light-shielding layer to form a light-shielding area.
  • the non-display area of the display module can be shielded, thereby eliminating the light-shielding setting in the display panel and facilitating the display panel Optimize the design.
  • the quarter wave plate 16 is arranged between the three-layer composite structure and the display module, that is, the quarter wave plate 16 is closer to the display module than the three-layer composite structure.
  • the light-shielding layer 14 In order to make the light-shielding layer 14 better to improve the effect of light leakage, try to arrange the light-shielding layer 14 on the side of the polarizing film layer 13 away from the quarter wave plate 16, so that the light-shielding layer 14 can make the polarizer 1.
  • the edges of the multilayer structure are shielded to avoid light leakage at the edges of the multilayer structure in the polarizer 1.
  • the polarizer 1 when the above-mentioned polarizer 1 is a circular polarizer used in an OLED display panel, as shown in FIG. 4b, the polarizer 1 is located on the light-emitting side of the OLED display module 2, and the specific light shielding layer 14 can shield the OLED display module.
  • the non-display area at the edge of 2 forms a light-shielding edge; thus, the display panel can omit the light-shielding layer provided on the glass cover 3 (the light-shielding layer 140 as shown in FIG. 4a), thereby greatly reducing the thickness
  • the thickness of the OCA adhesive layer 4 between the plate 3 and the polarizer 1 can meet the needs of thinner OCA for ultra-thin projects.
  • the polarizer 1 in the present disclosure has a light-shielding layer 14, it can effectively block the side light from being refracted into the light-emitting area AA and reaching the viewer's eye 10 (as shown in Figure 4b, the dotted line is blocked by the light-shielding layer 14 and cannot reach the viewer. In the eye 10), therefore, the polarizer 1 of the present disclosure can effectively reduce the risk of light leakage caused by the narrow frame design of the display panel.
  • the light shielding layer 14 may be an ink layer.
  • the ink layer is thin, the shading effect is good, and it is easy to prepare, and it is compatible with the existing polarizer preparation process.
  • the light shielding layer 14 in the embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited to ink materials, and may also be other black composite materials, such as black matrix materials.
  • the polarizing film layer 13 may be a carrier of the light shielding layer 14.
  • the ink light-shielding layer 14 may be prepared on the surface of the polarizing film layer 13 on the light exit side or the backlight side.
  • the polarizer 1 of the embodiment of the present disclosure may further include a transparent substrate layer 15 located between the first protective film layer 11 and the second protective film layer 12.
  • the transparent substrate layer 15 may be a carrier of the light shielding layer 14.
  • the transparent substrate layer 15 may be a polyimide film (PI) or a polyethylene terephthalate plastic film (PET); in this case, the transparent substrate layer 15 may be formed on the light emitting side or the backlight side.
  • An ink layer is prepared on the surface to form the light-shielding layer 14.
  • the transparent substrate layer 15 may also be a glue material; in this case, a black light-shielding material can be compounded in the set area of the transparent substrate layer to make the set area appear black, and then the light-shielding layer 14 can be formed. .
  • the polarizer 1 provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure may further include a second adhesive layer 18, which may be a transparent pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA). ), which is specifically located on one side surface of the entire polarizer 1 for pasting the polarizer 1 on the adjacent layer structure of the display panel; for example, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, when the polarizer 1 is When the circular polarizer includes a quarter wave plate 16, the second adhesive layer 18 is located on the side surface of the quarter wave plate 16 away from the three-layer composite structure; or, as shown in FIG. 1, when the polarizer When 1 is a linear polarizer, the second adhesive layer 18 is located on the side of the first protective film layer 11 away from the second protective film layer 12 or on the side of the second protective film layer 12 away from the first protective film layer 11.
  • PSA transparent pressure sensitive adhesive
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a display panel including the polarizer 1 in the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the display panel may further include an OLED display module 2, and the polarizer 1 is a circular polarizer and is located on the light emitting side of the OLED display module 2.
  • the light shielding layer 14 is located on the side of the polarizing film layer 13 away from the OLED display module 2. Furthermore, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4b, when the light shielding layer 14 is formed on the transparent substrate layer 15, the light shielding layer 14 is located on the side of the transparent substrate layer 15 away from the OLED display module 2. That is, in the polarizer 1, the light shielding layer 14 is arranged as close to the light emitting side as possible, so that the edges of more layers in the polarizer 1 can be shielded to avoid light leakage at the edges of the multilayer structure in the polarizer 1.
  • the OLED display module 2 may include a light-emitting unit layer 21, a touch layer 22 located on the side of the light-emitting unit layer 21 facing the polarizer 1, and The OCA glue layer 23 between the light-emitting unit layer 21 and the touch layer 22.
  • the display panel provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure may further include a glass cover plate 3 on the side of the polarizer 1 facing away from the display module 2, and a glass cover plate 3 on the polarizer 1 and the glass cover plate 3. Between the OCA glue layer 4.
  • the display panel provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure may further include a protective layer 5 and a heat dissipation layer 6 on the side of the OLED display module 2 facing away from the polarizer 1.
  • the aforementioned OLED display panel may also be a flexible display panel.
  • the display panel provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure can omit the light-shielding layer (the light-shielding layer 140 shown in FIG. 4a) provided on the glass cover 3, thereby greatly reducing the thickness of the light shielding layer located on the glass cover 3 and the polarized light.
  • the thickness of the OCA adhesive layer 4 between the sheets 1 can thus meet the needs of thinner OCA for ultra-thin projects.
  • the display panel when the display panel is designed with a narrow frame, it can effectively block the side light from refracting into the light-emitting area AA and reaching the viewer's eye 10 (as shown in Figure 4b, the dotted line is blocked by the light-shielding layer 14 and cannot reach the viewer's eye 10. ), therefore, the polarizer 1 of the present disclosure can effectively reduce the risk of light leakage caused by the narrow frame design of the display panel.
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a display device, which includes the display panel of any one of the foregoing embodiments.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a method for preparing the polarizer. As shown in FIG. 6, the method includes the following steps:
  • Step 101 prepare the first protective film layer 11, the second protective film layer 12, and the polarizing film layer 13 respectively; specifically, as shown in FIG. 5, the first protective film layer 11 and the second protective film layer 12 may be TAC films
  • the specific processing flow may include: unwinding a-chemical treatment b-winding c; the polarizing film layer 13 may be prepared by using the PVA film roll material 200, and the specific processing flow may include: unwinding d-stretching e- Iodine dyeing treatment f-rewinding g;
  • Step 102 Laminating the first protective film layer 11, the polarizing film layer 13, and the second protective film layer 12 in sequence to form a linear polarizer composite structure.
  • the polarizing film layer 13, and the second protective film layer 12 may further include: 13 is a carrier, and a light shielding layer 14 is formed on one side of the polarizing film layer 13.
  • the light-shielding layer 14 when the light-shielding layer 14 is an ink layer, the light-shielding layer 14 may be formed on the polarizing film layer 13 by spraying or evaporation.
  • the polarizing film layer 13, and the second protective film layer 12 may further include:
  • a transparent substrate layer 15 is provided, and the transparent substrate layer 15 is used as a carrier, and a light shielding layer 14 is formed on one side of the transparent substrate layer 15 or in the transparent substrate layer 15.
  • the light-shielding layer 14 may be formed on the transparent substrate layer 15 by spraying or evaporation.
  • the process of stacking the first protective film layer 11, the polarizing film layer 13, and the second protective film layer 12 in sequence it may also include: arranging the transparent substrate layer 15 on the first protective film layer 11 and the second protective film layer. Between two protective film layers 12. Specifically, the transparent base material layer 15 may be disposed between the first protective film layer 11 and the polarizing film layer 13 or between the second protective film layer 12 and the polarizing film layer 13.
  • the preparation method of the polarizer provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure further includes the following steps:
  • Step 103 as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a quarter wave plate 16 is provided, and the quarter wave plate 16 is disposed on the side of the second protective film layer 12 away from the polarizing film layer 13, or The half-wave plate 16 is arranged on the side of the first protective film layer 11 away from the polarizing film layer 13. That is, a quarter wave plate 16 is provided on one side of the linear polarizer composite structure.
  • the polarizer formed is a circular polarizer, and natural light can be modulated into circular polarized light through the polarizer.
  • step 103 may specifically include: using the first adhesive layer 17 to attach the quarter wave plate 16 to the linear polarizer composite structure; the first adhesive layer 17 may be a transparent pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA).
  • PSA transparent pressure sensitive adhesive
  • the preparation method of the polarizer provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure may further include the following steps: a second adhesive layer 18 is provided on one side surface of the entire polarizer 1 , For pasting the polarizer 1 on the adjacent layer structure of the display panel; the second adhesive layer 18 may be a transparent pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA).
  • PSA transparent pressure sensitive adhesive

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  • Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)
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Abstract

本公开涉及显示技术领域，公开一种偏光片及其制备方法、显示面板、显示装置。其中，偏光片包括本体层和遮光层；所述遮光层设置在所述本体层的设定区域上，以形成遮光区。显示面板，包括上述的偏光片。上述偏光片，具有遮光层，从而形成了遮光区，当应用于显示面板中时，可以对显示模组的非显示区域进行遮挡，进而可以省去显示面板中的遮光设置，并且便于对显示面板进行优化设计。

Description

偏光片及其制备方法、显示面板、显示装置
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求在2019年03月27日提交中国专利局、申请号为201910239116.3、申请名称为“偏光片及其制备方法、显示面板、显示装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本公开涉及显示技术领域，特别涉及一种偏光片及其制备方法、显示面板、显示装置。
背景技术
目前，电子产品在生活中的使用越来越广泛，显示模组的全面屏显示已经成为时代发展的必然，超薄、窄边框的优化设计已成为行业的焦点，但各种优化设计往往会产生一些不良影响，因此，如何实现显示面板的优化设计、并减小不良影响的风险，是目前显示优化设计的重点问题之一。
发明内容
本公开提供了一种偏光片，包括：
本体层；
遮光层，所述遮光层位于所述本体层的设定区域，以形成遮光区。
一种可选的实施例中，所述设定区域包括所述本体层的边缘区域。
一种可选的实施例中，所述本体层包括：第一保护膜层、第二保护膜层、位于所述第一保护膜层和所述第二保护膜层之间的偏光膜层；
所述遮光层位于所述第一保护膜层和所述第二保护膜层之间。
一种可选的实施例中，所述遮光层为油墨层。
一种可选的实施例中，所述偏光膜层为所述遮光层的载体。
一种可选的实施例中，所述偏光片还包括位于所述第一保护膜层和所述第二保护膜层之间的透明基材层，所述透明基材层为所述遮光层的载体。
一种可选的实施例中，所述透明基材层为聚酰亚胺薄膜、聚对苯二甲酸类塑料薄膜或者胶材。
一种可选的实施例中，所述偏光片还包括四分之一波片，所述四分之一波片位于所述第二保护膜层背离所述偏光膜层的一侧，或者，所述四分之一波片位于所述第一保护膜层背离所述偏光膜层的一侧。
一种可选的实施例中，所述遮光层位于所述偏光膜层背离所述四分之一波片的一侧。
一种可选的实施例中，所述第一保护膜层和第二保护膜层的材料为三醋酸纤维薄膜；所述偏光膜层的材料为聚乙烯醇。
一种显示面板，包括上述任一技术方案中所述的偏光片。
一种可选的实施例中，所述显示面板还包括OLED显示模组，所述偏光片位于所述OLED显示模组的出光侧；所述遮光层位于所述偏光膜层背离所述OLED显示模组的一侧。
一种显示装置，包括上述任一技术方案中所述的显示面板。
一种偏光片的制备方法，包括：
分别制备第一保护膜层、第二保护膜层和偏光膜层；
将所述第一保护膜层、偏光膜层以及第二保护膜层依次层叠设置。
一种可选的实施例中，在将所述第一保护膜层、偏光膜层以及第二保护膜层依次层叠设置之前，还包括：
以所述偏光膜层为载体，在所述偏光膜层的一侧制备遮光层。
一种可选的实施例中，在将所述第一保护膜层、偏光膜层以及第二保护膜层依次层叠设置之前，还包括：
提供透明基材层，以所述透明基材层为载体，在所述透明基材层的一侧或者在所述透明基材层之中形成遮光层；
在将所述第一保护膜层、偏光膜层以及第二保护膜层依次层叠设置的过 程中，还包括：将所述透明基材层设置在所述第一保护膜层和所述第二保护膜层之间。
附图说明
图1为本公开实施例提供的一种偏光片的结构示意图；
图2为本公开另一实施例提供的一种偏光片的结构示意图；
图3为本公开再一实施例提供的一种偏光片的结构示意图；
图4a为相关技术中一种显示面板的边框区域的截面结构示意图；
图4b为本公开实施例提供的一种显示面板的边框区域的截面结构示意图；
图5为本公开实施例提供的偏光片中的保护膜层和偏光膜层的制备流程示意图；
图6为本公开实施例提供的一种偏光片的制备方法流程图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本公开实施例中的附图，对本公开实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本公开一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本公开中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。
如图1至图3所示，本公开实施例提供了一种偏光片1，该偏光片1包括本体层和遮光层14，其中，遮光层14设置在本体层的设定区域上，以形成遮光区。
具体地，在本公开实施例提供的上述偏光片中，设定区域根据偏光片1的遮光要求而定。示例性的，设定区域具体可以包括本体层的边缘区域，即遮光片1的边缘形成有遮光区，边缘区域指的是围绕中心区域一周设置的闭合区域，例如偏光片的形状为矩形，则边缘区域为矩形环状框体区域，又如偏光片的形状为圆形，则边缘区域为圆环状区域，进而，当偏光片1应用于显示面板中时，可以对显示面板的边缘进行遮挡。示例性的，设定区域可以 不仅包括边缘区域，还可以包括其它需要遮光的区域；例如，当偏光片1应用于电子产品的显示屏中时，偏光片1的形状尺寸与显示屏的形状尺寸相同，此时，该设定区域既包括偏光片1的边缘区域(与显示屏的边框区域对应)，又可包括与显示屏中需要遮光的部位对应的其他区域，例如，与显示屏中打孔区或传感器相对应的区域。
可选地，在本公开实施例提供的上述偏光片中，本体层具体可以包括第一保护膜层11、第二保护膜层12、位于第一保护膜层11和第二保护膜层12之间的偏光膜层13。
具体的，上述偏光片1中，偏光膜层13是对光线进行偏振调制的核心膜层，其材料可以为聚乙烯醇(PVA)。第一保护膜层11和第二保护膜层12是保护膜层，其材料可以为三醋酸纤维薄膜(TAC)。示例性的，如图1所示，通过上述第一保护膜层11、偏光膜层13和第二保护膜层12组成的三层复合结构，可以为线偏光片，自然光可以被该偏光片1调制为线偏光。
示例性的，遮光层14可以设置在第一保护膜层11和第二保护膜层12之间，这样，可以避免偏光片1的表面因遮光层14而产生段差，可以保证偏光片1表面的平坦性。
进一步的，如图2和图3所示，该偏光片1还可以包括四分之一波片16；具体的，四分之一波片16可以设置在第二保护膜层12背离偏光膜层13的一侧，或者，四分之一波片16也可以设置在第一保护膜层11背离偏光膜层13的一侧。此时，本公开实施例提供的偏光片1为圆偏光片，通过该偏光片1自然光可以被调制为圆偏光。具体的，如图2和图3所示，本公开实施例提供的偏光片1，还可以包括设置在四分之一波片16和三层复合结构之间的第一胶层17，该第一胶层17可以为透明压敏胶(PSA)，用于将四分之一波片16与三层复合结构相贴合。
上述偏光片，具有遮光层、从而形成了遮光区，当应用于显示面板中时，可以对显示模组的非显示区域进行遮挡，进而可以省去显示面板中的遮光设置，并且便于对显示面板进行优化设计。一般地，四分之一波片16设置在三 层复合结构与显示模组之间，即四分之一波片16相对于三层复合结构更靠近显示模组。为了使遮光层14可以更好的起到改善漏光的效果，尽量将遮光层14设置在偏光膜层13背离四分之一波片16的一侧，这样遮光层14可以将偏光片1中更多层结构的边缘遮挡，以避免偏光片1中多层结构的边缘漏光。
例如，当上述偏光片1为应用于OLED显示面板中的圆偏光片时，如图4b所示，该偏光片1位于OLED显示模组2的出光侧，具体遮光层14可以遮挡OLED显示模组2的边缘非显示区域，形成遮光边缘；从而，该显示面板可以省去设置在玻璃盖板3上的遮光层(如图4a中所示的遮光层140)，进而可以大大减薄位于玻璃盖板3与偏光片1之间的OCA胶层4的厚度，从而可以应对超薄项目OCA薄型化的需求。另外，当显示面板为窄边框设计时，显示模组2各膜层的侧边折射光线很容易通过显示区域AA进入观看者的眼睛10中，如图4a所示，从而导致显示面板边缘漏光的效果。而由于本公开中的偏光片1具有遮光层14，可以有效阻挡侧边光线折射至出光区域AA内并到达观看者眼睛10中(如图4b中的虚线被遮光层14遮挡，无法到达观看者眼睛10中)，因此，本公开的偏光片1可以有效改善由于显示面板窄边框设计导致的漏光风险。
示例性的，遮光层14可以为油墨层。油墨层较薄、遮光效果好、且容易制备，便于与现有的偏光片制备工艺相兼容。当然，本公开实施例中的遮光层14并不限于油墨材料，也可以为其它黑色复合材料，如黑矩阵材料。
如图1和图2所示，一种具体的实施例中，偏光膜层13可以为遮光层14的载体。例如，可以在偏光膜层13的出光侧或者背光侧的表面制备油墨遮光层14。
如图3所示，另一种具体的实施例中，本公开实施例的偏光片1，还可以包括位于第一保护膜层11和第二保护膜层12之间的透明基材层15，透明基材层15可以为遮光层14的载体。
示例性的，透明基材层15可以为聚酰亚胺薄膜(PI)或者聚对苯二甲酸类塑料薄膜(PET)；此时，可以通过在透明基材层15的出光侧或者背光侧的 表面制备油墨层，以形成遮光层14。
示例性的，透明基材层15也可以为胶材；此时，可以通过在透明基材层的设定区域内复合添加黑色遮光材料、使该设定区域呈现为黑色、进而形成遮光层14。
如图1至图3所示，一种具体的实施例中，本公开实施例提供的偏光片1，还可以包括第二胶层18，该第二胶层18可以为透明压敏胶(PSA)，具体位于整个偏光片1的一侧表面，用于将该偏光片1粘贴于显示面板中与其相邻的层结构上；例如，如图2和图3所示，当该偏光片1为包括四分之一波片16的圆偏光片时，该第二胶层18位于四分之一波片16背离三层复合结构的一侧表面；或者，如图1所示，当该偏光片1为线偏光片时，该第二胶层18位于第一保护膜层11背离第二保护膜层12的一侧或者位于第二保护膜层12背离第一保护膜层11的一侧。
本公开实施例还提供了一种显示面板，该显示面板包括本公开实施例中的偏光片1。
如图4b所示，一种具体的实施例中，该显示面板还可以包括OLED显示模组2，偏光片1为圆偏光片且位于OLED显示模组2的出光侧。
示例性的，偏光片1中，如图2和图4b所示，遮光层14位于偏光膜层13背离OLED显示模组2的一侧。进一步的，如图3和图4b所示，当遮光层14形成在透明基材层15上时，遮光层14位于透明基材层15背离OLED显示模组2的一侧。即，偏光片1中，遮光层14尽量靠近出光一侧设置，这样可以将偏光片1中更多层结构的边缘遮挡，以避免偏光片1中多层结构的边缘漏光。
如图4b所示，示例性的，本公开实施例提供的显示面板中，OLED显示模组2可以包括发光单元层21、位于发光单元层21朝向偏光片1一侧的触控层22、位于发光单元层21和触控层22之间的OCA胶层23。
如图4b所示，示例性的，本公开实施例提供的显示面板中，还可以包括位于偏光片1背离显示模组2一侧的玻璃盖板3、以及位于偏光片1和玻璃 盖板3之间的OCA胶层4。
进一步的，本公开实施例提供的显示面板中，还可以包括位于OLED显示模组2背离偏光片1一侧的保护层5和散热层6。
示例性的，上述OLED显示面板也可以为柔性显示面板。
具体的，本公开实施例提供的显示面板，可以省去设置在玻璃盖板3上的遮光层(如图4a中所示的遮光层140)，进而可以大大减薄位于玻璃盖板3与偏光片1之间的OCA胶层4的厚度，从而可以应对超薄项目OCA薄型化的需求。另外，当显示面板为窄边框设计时，可以有效阻挡侧边光线折射至出光区域AA内并到达观看者眼睛10中(如图4b中的虚线被遮光层14遮挡，无法到达观看者眼睛10中)，因此，本公开的偏光片1可以有效改善由于显示面板窄边框设计导致的漏光风险。
本公开实施例还提供了一种显示装置，该显示装置包括上述任一实施例的显示面板。
基于本公开实施例提供的偏光片，本公开实施例还提供了一种偏光片的制备方法，如图6所示，该方法包括以下步骤：
步骤101，分别制备第一保护膜层11、第二保护膜层12和偏光膜层13；具体的，如图5所示，第一保护膜层11和第二保护膜层12可以采用TAC膜卷材100制备，具体处理流程可以包括：退卷a-化学处理b-收卷c；偏光膜层13可以采用PVA膜卷材200制备，具体处理流程可以包括：退卷d-拉伸e-碘染色处理f-收卷g；
步骤102，将第一保护膜层11、偏光膜层13以及第二保护膜层12依次层叠设置，以形成线偏振片复合结构。
如图1和图2所示，一种具体的实施例中，在将第一保护膜层11、偏光膜层13以及第二保护膜层12依次层叠设置之前，还可以包括：以偏光膜层13为载体，在偏光膜层13的一侧形成遮光层14。
示例性的，遮光层14为油墨层时，遮光层14可以采用喷涂或者蒸镀工艺形成在偏光膜层13上。
如图3所示，另一种具体的实施例中，在将第一保护膜层11、偏光膜层13以及第二保护膜层12依次层叠设置之前，还可以包括：
提供透明基材层15，以透明基材层15为载体，在透明基材层15的一侧或者在透明基材层15之中形成遮光层14。示例性的，遮光层14为油墨层时，遮光层14可以采用喷涂或者蒸镀工艺形成在透明基材层15上。
进一步的，在将第一保护膜层11、偏光膜层13以及第二保护膜层12依次层叠设置的过程中，还可以包括：将透明基材层15设置在第一保护膜层11和第二保护膜层12之间。具体的，透明基材层15可以设置在第一保护膜层11和偏光膜层13之间，也可以设置在第二保护膜层12和偏光膜层13之间。
一种具体的实施例中，本公开实施例提供的偏光片的制备方法，还包括以下步骤：
步骤103，如图2和图3所示，提供四分之一波片16，将四分之一波片16设置在第二保护膜层12背离偏光膜层13的一侧，或者，将四分之一波片16设置在第一保护膜层11背离偏光膜层13的一侧。即，在线偏振片复合结构的一侧设置四分之一波片16，此时，形成的上述偏光片为圆偏光片，通过该偏光片自然光可以被调制为圆偏光。
可选的，步骤103，具体可以包括：采用第一胶层17将四分之一波片16与线偏振片复合结构相贴合；第一胶层17可以为透明压敏胶(PSA)。
如图2和图3所示，一种具体的实施例中，本公开实施例提供的偏光片的制备方法，还可以包括以下步骤：在整个偏光片1的一侧表面设置第二胶层18，以用于将该偏光片1粘贴于显示面板中与其相邻的层结构上；该第二胶层18可以为透明压敏胶(PSA)。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本公开实施例进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本公开的精神和范围。这样，倘若本公开的这些修改和变型属于本公开权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本公开也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种偏光片，其中，包括：
    本体层；
    遮光层，所述遮光层位于所述本体层的设定区域，以形成遮光区。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的偏光片，其中，所述设定区域包括所述本体层的边缘区域。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的偏光片，其中，所述本体层包括：第一保护膜层、第二保护膜层、位于所述第一保护膜层和所述第二保护膜层之间的偏光膜层；
    所述遮光层位于所述第一保护膜层和所述第二保护膜层之间。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的偏光片，其中，所述遮光层为油墨层。
  5. 如权利要求3或4所述的偏光片，其中，所述偏光膜层为所述遮光层的载体。
  6. 如权利要求3或4所述的偏光片，其中，还包括位于所述第一保护膜层和所述第二保护膜层之间的透明基材层，所述透明基材层为所述遮光层的载体。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的偏光片，其中，所述透明基材层为聚酰亚胺薄膜、聚对苯二甲酸类塑料薄膜或者胶材。
  8. 如权利要求2-4任一项所述的偏光片，其中，还包括四分之一波片，所述四分之一波片位于所述第二保护膜层背离所述偏光膜层的一侧，或者，所述四分之一波片位于所述第一保护膜层背离所述偏光膜层的一侧。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的偏光片，其中，所述遮光层位于所述偏光膜层背离所述四分之一波片的一侧。
  10. 如权利要求2-4任一项所述的偏光片，其中，所述第一保护膜层和第二保护膜层的材料为三醋酸纤维薄膜；所述偏光膜层的材料为聚乙烯醇。
  11. 一种显示面板，其中，包括权利要求1-9任一项所述的偏光片。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的显示面板，其中，还包括OLED显示模组，所述偏光片位于所述OLED显示模组的出光侧；所述遮光层位于所述偏光膜层背离所述OLED显示模组的一侧。
  13. 一种显示装置，其中，包括权利要求11或12所述的显示面板。
  14. 一种如权利要求1-10任一项所述的偏光片的制备方法，其中，包括：
    分别制备第一保护膜层、第二保护膜层和偏光膜层；
    将所述第一保护膜层、偏光膜层以及第二保护膜层依次层叠设置。
  15. 如权利要求14所述的制备方法，其中，在将所述第一保护膜层、偏光膜层以及第二保护膜层依次层叠设置之前，还包括：
    以所述偏光膜层为载体，在所述偏光膜层的一侧制备遮光层。
  16. 如权利要求14所述的制备方法，其中，在将所述第一保护膜层、偏光膜层以及第二保护膜层依次层叠设置之前，还包括：
    提供透明基材层，以所述透明基材层为载体，在所述透明基材层的一侧或者在所述透明基材层之中形成遮光层；
    在将所述第一保护膜层、偏光膜层以及第二保护膜层依次层叠设置的过程中，还包括：将所述透明基材层设置在所述第一保护膜层和所述第二保护膜层之间。
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