WO2020158733A1 - メッシュ構造体およびその製造方法、アンテナ反射鏡、電磁シールド材、導波管 - Google Patents

メッシュ構造体およびその製造方法、アンテナ反射鏡、電磁シールド材、導波管 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020158733A1
WO2020158733A1 PCT/JP2020/002984 JP2020002984W WO2020158733A1 WO 2020158733 A1 WO2020158733 A1 WO 2020158733A1 JP 2020002984 W JP2020002984 W JP 2020002984W WO 2020158733 A1 WO2020158733 A1 WO 2020158733A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
mesh structure
fiber
waveguide
strand
stainless steel
Prior art date
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PCT/JP2020/002984
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
小澤　悟
顕太郎 西
和行 中村
森　正俊
大介 松本
正章 赤岩
壱藏 川村
Original Assignee
国立研究開発法人宇宙航空研究開発機構
株式会社テクノソルバ
光洋マテリカ株式会社
太陽金網株式会社
日本碍子株式会社
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Publication date
Application filed by 国立研究開発法人宇宙航空研究開発機構, 株式会社テクノソルバ, 光洋マテリカ株式会社, 太陽金網株式会社, 日本碍子株式会社 filed Critical 国立研究開発法人宇宙航空研究開発機構
Priority to US17/424,201 priority Critical patent/US20220064826A1/en
Priority to DE112020000565.8T priority patent/DE112020000565T5/de
Priority to CN202080010763.8A priority patent/CN113366163A/zh
Publication of WO2020158733A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020158733A1/ja

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
    • H01Q1/28—Adaptation for use in or on aircraft, missiles, satellites, or balloons
    • H01Q1/288—Satellite antennas
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/20—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/242—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads inorganic, e.g. basalt
    • D03D15/25—Metal
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    • B32B15/14—Layered products comprising a layer of metal next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D7/00—Electroplating characterised by the article coated
    • C25D7/06—Wires; Strips; Foils
    • C25D7/0607—Wires
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
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    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
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    • D03D1/0035—Protective fabrics
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    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
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    • H01Q15/20—Collapsible reflectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K9/00—Screening of apparatus or components against electric or magnetic fields
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Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a mesh structure, a method for manufacturing the same, an antenna reflector including the mesh structure, an electromagnetic shield material, and a waveguide.
  • the present application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2019-012534 filed in Japan on January 28, 2019, and the content thereof is incorporated herein.
  • a metal mesh structure is used for the antenna reflector.
  • This mesh structure is obtained by braiding molybdenum fibers with gold-plated wires (gold-plated molybdenum fiber wires) by tricot knitting (double atlas knitting).
  • This mesh structure reflects S band radio waves (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 1).
  • gold-plated molybdenum fiber contains molybdenum, which is a rare metal, it is feared that it will be difficult to secure resources. Therefore, there has been a demand for a mesh structure using a material having the same performance as the gold-plated molybdenum fiber in terms of conductivity, elastic modulus, mechanical strength, and coefficient of thermal expansion.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, it is easy to secure resources, and a mesh structure including a material having performance equivalent to that of a gold-plated molybdenum fiber, a manufacturing method thereof, and an antenna including the mesh structure.
  • An object is to provide a reflector, an electromagnetic shield material, and a waveguide.
  • the present invention is a mesh structure, which is a knitted fabric or woven fabric including a zirconium copper fiber strand or a stainless steel fiber strand.
  • the zirconium copper fiber and the stainless steel fiber have the same performance as the gold-plated molybdenum fiber in terms of conductivity, elastic modulus, mechanical strength and coefficient of thermal expansion. It is possible to obtain an antenna reflecting mirror surface or the like having desired performance without using. Further, according to the mesh structure of the present invention, since it is a knitted fabric or a woven fabric containing zirconium copper fibers and stainless steel fibers, it can be manufactured at a lower cost than a mesh structure made of gold-plated molybdenum fibers.
  • the present invention also provides a method for producing a mesh structure, comprising a first knitted fabric or a first woven fabric including a strand of zirconium copper fiber or a strand of stainless steel fiber and a strand of water-soluble fiber.
  • the strands of the water-soluble fiber reduce friction generated between the strands, It is possible to prevent the wires from breaking due to the contact between the wires. Further, the strands of the water-soluble fiber can be easily removed while maintaining the shape of the first knitted fabric or the first woven fabric.
  • the mesh structure of the present invention it is easy to secure resources, and it is possible to exhibit the same performance as the gold-plated molybdenum fiber in terms of conductivity, elastic modulus, mechanical strength, and coefficient of thermal expansion.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of the waveguide according to the embodiment of the present invention, which is taken along the line AA of FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG. 6, showing a schematic configuration of a waveguide according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a schematic configuration of a mesh structure of this embodiment.
  • the mesh structure 1 of this embodiment is a knitted fabric including the strands 10 as shown in FIG.
  • the mesh structure 1 of the present embodiment is a knitted fabric that is knitted into a mesh shape (mesh shape) using the strands 10.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a case where the mesh structure 1 is a knitted fabric in which the wires 10 are tricot-knitted.
  • the mesh structure 1 of the present embodiment is not limited to a knitted fabric in which the wire 10 is tricot-knitted.
  • the mesh structure 1 of the present embodiment is a knitted piece of the wire 10, a knitted piece of the wire 10, a double atlas knitted piece of the wire 10, a single satin knitted piece of the wire 10, and the like. May be.
  • the size of the knitting width is not particularly limited, and is appropriately adjusted according to the application of the mesh structure 1 and the like.
  • the size of the knitting width of the knitted fabric is adjusted according to the wavelengths of radio waves transmitted and received by the antenna reflecting mirror surface.
  • the mesh structure 1 of this embodiment may be a woven fabric including the strands 10.
  • the mesh structure 1 of the present embodiment may be a plain weave fabric in which the strands 10 are used as warp yarns and weft yarns, and the warp yarns and the weft yarns are alternately crossed and densely woven. It may be a satin weave fabric in which any one is floated on the surface of the fabric for a long time, and is a twill weave fabric in which three or more warps and wefts are combined vertically and continuously to form diagonal lines on the surface of the fabric. May be.
  • the strand 10 is a zirconium copper fiber strand or a stainless steel fiber strand.
  • the strand 10 may be a single fiber of zirconium copper fiber or a single fiber of stainless steel fiber, or may be a bundle of fibers obtained by bundling two or more single fibers of zirconium copper fiber or stainless steel fiber. Good.
  • Zirconium copper fiber is a fiber obtained by wire drawing an alloy in which zirconium is added in an amount of 0.25 at% (atomic percentage) to 5.0 at%.
  • Zirconium copper fiber has high conductivity, high elastic modulus, high mechanical strength, low coefficient of thermal expansion, conductivity of 15%IACS-95%IACS, mechanical strength of 450MPa-2000MPa, Zirconium copper fibers having a thermal expansion coefficient of about 1.8 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 5 /° C. are preferably used.
  • the stainless steel fiber is a fiber obtained by drawing stainless steel.
  • the stainless steel fibers have high mechanical strength, and known stainless steel fibers can be used.
  • the diameter of the wire 10 is not particularly limited, and is appropriately adjusted according to the application of the mesh structure 1.
  • a plating layer may be provided on the surface of the zirconium copper fiber strand or the surface of the stainless steel fiber strand.
  • the plating layer smoothes the surface of the zirconium copper fiber strand and the surface of the stainless steel fiber strand. Thereby, when the strands 10 are knitted into a knit, it is possible to reduce the friction generated between the strands 10 and prevent the strands 10 from being broken by the contact between the strands 10.
  • Examples of the plating layer include a gold plating layer and a nickel plating layer.
  • the thickness of the plating layer is not particularly limited as long as the surface of the zirconium copper fiber strand or the surface of the stainless steel fiber strand can be made smooth.
  • an electrolytic plating method or an electroless plating method is used as a method of forming the plating layer.
  • the mesh structure 1 of the present embodiment is a knitted fabric or a woven fabric containing zirconium copper fiber or stainless steel fiber, it has flexibility capable of forming any shape.
  • the zirconium copper fiber or the stainless steel fiber is a rare metal because it has the same performance as the gold-plated molybdenum fiber in terms of conductivity, elastic modulus, mechanical strength and coefficient of thermal expansion.
  • An antenna reflecting mirror surface having desired performance can be obtained without using molybdenum.
  • the mesh structure 1 of the present embodiment is a knitted fabric or woven fabric containing zirconium copper fibers or stainless steel fibers, it can be manufactured at a lower cost than a mesh structure made of gold-plated molybdenum fibers.
  • the method for producing a mesh structure of the present embodiment is a step of forming a first knitted fabric or a first woven fabric including a zirconium copper fiber strand or a stainless steel fiber strand and a water-soluble fiber strand ( Hereinafter, referred to as “first step”), the first knitted fabric or the first woven fabric is immersed in water to dissolve the wire of the water-soluble fiber, and the wire of zirconium copper fiber or the stainless steel fiber. And a step of forming a second knitted fabric or a second woven fabric including the element wire (hereinafter, referred to as “second step”).
  • the zirconium copper fiber strand or the stainless steel fiber strand may be referred to as the "first strand”
  • the water-soluble fiber strand may be referred to as the "second strand”.
  • the first strand and the second strand are combined to form a mesh to form a first knitted fabric or a first woven fabric.
  • the first strand and the second strand are bundled to form a bundle of strands, and the bundle of strands is formed in a mesh shape to form a first knitted fabric or a first woven fabric.
  • the first strand may be a zirconium copper fiber monofilament or a stainless steel fiber monofilament, and is a bundle of fibers obtained by bundling two or more zirconium copper fiber monofilaments or stainless steel fiber monofilaments. May be.
  • the bundle of the 1st strand and the 2nd strand may be formed by twisting the 1st strand and the 2nd strand, and the 1st strand and the 2nd strand are mutually formed. You may form so that it may contact along each longitudinal direction.
  • the first knit in the first step by using a bundle of the first strand and the second strand, tricot knitting, knitting, knitting, double atlas knitting, single satin knitting, etc. , Forming a first knit.
  • the mesh structure is used as an antenna reflector, for example, the size of the knitting width of the first knitted fabric is adjusted according to the wavelengths of radio waves transmitted and received by the antenna reflector.
  • the first woven fabric is formed by plain weave, satin weave, twill weave, etc. using the bundle of the first strand and the second strand.
  • Examples of the resin forming the strands of the water-soluble fiber include resol type phenol resin, methylolated urea (urea) resin, methylolated melamine resin, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene oxide, polyacrylamide, carboxymethyl cellulose, and the like. There is no limitation, and a known water-soluble resin can be used.
  • the diameter of the wire of the water-soluble fiber is not particularly limited and may be adjusted as appropriate according to the application of the mesh structure.
  • the first knitted fabric or the first woven fabric is immersed in water to dissolve the wires of the water-soluble fibers forming the first knitted fabric or the first woven fabric, and the zirconium copper fiber strands.
  • a second knitted fabric or a second woven fabric including a strand of stainless steel fiber is formed.
  • a second knitted fabric or a second woven fabric containing a zirconium copper fiber strand or a stainless steel fiber strand is obtained.
  • the second knitted fabric is obtained by removing the wires of the water-soluble fiber from the first knitted fabric.
  • the second woven fabric is obtained by removing the strands of the water-soluble fiber from the first woven fabric. That is, the second knitted fabric or the second woven fabric is the mesh structure described above.
  • the temperature of water for melting the wire of the water-soluble fiber is not particularly limited, but it is preferably a temperature at which the wire of the water-soluble fiber can be melted in a short time.
  • a first knitted fabric or a first woven fabric including a strand of zirconium copper fiber or a strand of stainless steel fiber and a strand of water-soluble fiber is formed. Since it has the first step, when forming the first knitted fabric or the first woven fabric, the friction between the wires is reduced by the wires of the water-soluble fiber, and the wires are in contact with each other. It is possible to prevent the wires from breaking. Further, according to the method for manufacturing a mesh structure of the present embodiment, the first knitted fabric or the first woven fabric is immersed in water to dissolve the wire of the water-soluble fiber, and the wire of zirconium copper fiber or stainless steel.
  • the method has the second step of forming the second knitted fabric or the second woven fabric containing the strands of steel fiber, the strands of the water-soluble fiber are retained while maintaining the shape of the first knitted fabric or the first woven fabric. It can be easily removed to obtain a mesh structure that is a knit or woven fabric containing zirconium copper fiber strands or stainless steel fiber strands.
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of the antenna reflector of this embodiment.
  • the antenna reflector 100 of this embodiment includes the mesh structure 1 described above.
  • the mesh structure 1 described above constitutes the antenna reflector surface 130.
  • the antenna reflector 100 of this embodiment includes an antenna expansion mechanism 110, a band 120 for adjusting the phase angle of the antenna expansion mechanism 110, and an antenna reflection mirror surface 130. Note that, in FIG. 2, only the mesh structure 1 that constitutes the antenna reflecting mirror surface 130 is shown.
  • the antenna deployment mechanism 110 is configured to be deformable between a housed state and a deployed state by a link mechanism.
  • the antenna deployment mechanism 110 includes, for example, a support member for mounting the mesh structure 1 at a position that is a vertex of a hexagon.
  • the mesh structure 1 may have foldable flexibility.
  • the antenna reflector 100 is housed in the rocket fairing in a folded state, and is deployed in outer space into the deployment shape shown in FIG. In the expanded state, appropriate tension is applied to the mesh structure 1 from the antenna expansion mechanism 110, the mesh structure 1 is expanded into a predetermined shape, and the antenna reflecting mirror surface 130 is formed.
  • the zirconium copper fiber or the stainless steel fiber forming the mesh structure 1 since the above-mentioned mesh structure 1 constitutes the antenna reflecting mirror surface 130, the zirconium copper fiber or the stainless steel fiber forming the mesh structure 1 has conductivity, elastic modulus, In terms of mechanical strength and coefficient of thermal expansion, it has the same performance as that of the gold-plated molybdenum fiber, so that an antenna reflector having desired communication performance (reflection performance) can be obtained.
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of the electromagnetic shield material of the present embodiment.
  • the electromagnetic shield material 200 of the present embodiment includes the mesh structure 1 described above, as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 3, the electromagnetic shield material 200 of the present embodiment is used to cover, for example, the outer periphery of the magnetic storage device 300.
  • the magnetic storage device 300 includes a magnetic disk 310, a head 320 that writes to and reads from the magnetic disk 310, and a housing 330 that houses the magnetic disk 310 and the head 320.
  • the size of the knitting width of the mesh structure 1 is adjusted according to the desired shielding property.
  • the electromagnetic shield material 200 covers the outer periphery of the housing 330 , but the present embodiment is not limited to this.
  • the electromagnetic shield material 200 of this embodiment may be integrated with the housing 330. That is, the electromagnetic shield material 200 may be embedded in the housing 330, or the electromagnetic shield material 200 may be bonded to the outer peripheral surface of the housing 330.
  • the electromagnetic shield material 200 of this embodiment can be used without limiting the target device for electromagnetic shielding, such as electronic devices and devices such as personal computers, mobile phones, and displays.
  • the zirconium copper fiber or the stainless steel fiber forming the mesh structure 1 has conductivity, elastic modulus, mechanical strength and thermal expansion. Since it has the same performance as that of the gold-plated molybdenum fiber, the electromagnetic shielding material having the desired shielding property can be obtained.
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of the waveguide of this embodiment.
  • FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 4, showing a schematic configuration of the waveguide of the present embodiment.
  • the waveguide 400 of the present embodiment includes the mesh structure 1 described above, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5.
  • the waveguide 400 of the present embodiment includes a waveguide section 410 formed of a tube (hollow body) having a rectangular cross-section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, and guides including flanges 420 and 420 connected to both ends of the waveguide section 410, respectively.
  • the waveguide main body 430 and the mesh structure 1 arranged along the inner surface 410a in the waveguide 410 are included.
  • the opening 411 of the waveguide 410 is provided on the flange 420, and the waveguide 410 is open at the surface 420 a of the flange 420.
  • the waveguide body 430 is made of carbon fiber reinforced plastic containing a resin such as epoxy resin as a base material and carbon fiber as a reinforcing material.
  • the inner surface of the waveguide section 410 is formed. Electromagnetic waves can be transmitted in the waveguide section 410 without forming a conductive coating on the 410a by gold plating or the like. That is, according to the waveguide 400 of the present embodiment, the process of forming a conductive coating film on the inner surface 410a of the waveguide portion 410 by gold plating or the like as in the related art is not necessary, so that the manufacturing cost can be reduced. You can
  • the present embodiment is not limited to this.
  • the waveguide 400 of the present embodiment may have a cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the waveguide section 410 that is a square shape, a circular shape, an elliptical shape, or the like.
  • FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of the waveguide of this embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG. 6, showing a schematic configuration of the waveguide of this embodiment.
  • the waveguide 500 of the present embodiment includes the mesh structure 1 described above, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7.
  • the waveguide 500 of the present embodiment includes a bellows hose-shaped waveguide section 510 formed of a tube (hollow body) having a rectangular cross-section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, and flanges 520 connected to both ends of the waveguide section 510, respectively.
  • the waveguide main body 530 including 520 and the mesh structure 1 lined in the waveguide section 510 are included.
  • the opening 511 of the waveguide 510 is provided in the flange 520, and the waveguide 510 is open at the surface 520 a of the flange 520.
  • the waveguide body 530 is made of metal, plastic, carbon fiber reinforced plastic, or the like.
  • the waveguide 500 of the present embodiment has the bellows hose-shaped waveguide portion 510 and the above-mentioned mesh structure 1 lined with the waveguide portion 510, and thus has flexibility.
  • the waveguide 500 of the present embodiment since the above-mentioned mesh structure 1 is lined in the bellows hose-shaped waveguide portion 510, a smooth conductive member made of the mesh structure 1 is provided inside the waveguide portion 510. Waveguides can be formed. As a result, it is possible to reduce the loss of the electromagnetic waves transmitted in the waveguide section 510.
  • the waveguide 500 of the present embodiment the case where the cross-sectional shape of the waveguide 510 perpendicular to the longitudinal direction is rectangular is illustrated, but the present embodiment is not limited to this.
  • the waveguide 500 of this embodiment may have a square, circular, elliptical, or other cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the waveguide 510.
  • the mesh structure described above makes it easy to secure resources, and can exhibit the same performance as gold-plated molybdenum fibers in terms of conductivity, elastic modulus, mechanical strength, and coefficient of thermal expansion.

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Abstract

このメッシュ構造体（１）は、ジルコニウム銅繊維の素線またはステンレス鋼繊維の素線を含む編物または織物である。

Description

メッシュ構造体およびその製造方法、アンテナ反射鏡、電磁シールド材、導波管
　本発明は、メッシュ構造体およびその製造方法、メッシュ構造体を含むアンテナ反射鏡、電磁シールド材および導波管に関する。
　本願は、２０１９年１月２８日に、日本に出願された特願２０１９－０１２５３４号に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
　技術試験衛星ＶＩＩＩ型（ＥＴＳ－ＶＩＩＩ）「きく８号」の大型展開アンテナ（ＬＤＲ）では、アンテナ反射鏡に金属製のメッシュ構造体が使用されている。このメッシュ構造体は、モリブデン繊維に金メッキした素線（金メッキモリブデン繊維の素線）を、トリコット編み（ダブルアトラス編み）で編み込んだものである。このメッシュ構造体は、Ｓ帯の電波を反射する（例えば、非特許文献１参照）。
　金メッキモリブデン繊維は、レアメタルであるモリブデンを含むため、資源の確保が難しくなることが懸念される。そのため、導電性、弾性率、機械的強度、熱膨張率において、金メッキモリブデン繊維と同等の性能を有する材料を用いたメッシュ構造体が望まれていた。
　本発明は、上記事情に鑑みてなされたものであって、資源の確保が容易であり、金メッキモリブデン繊維と同等の性能を有する材料を含むメッシュ構造体およびその製造方法、メッシュ構造体を含むアンテナ反射鏡、電磁シールド材および導波管を提供することを目的とする。
　上記課題を解決するために、この発明は以下の手段を提案している。
　本発明は、メッシュ構造体であって、ジルコニウム銅繊維の素線またはステンレス鋼繊維の素線を含む編物または織物である。
　この発明に係るメッシュ構造体によれば、ジルコニウム銅繊維およびステンレス鋼繊維が、導電性、弾性率、機械的強度および熱膨張率において、金メッキモリブデン繊維と同等の性能を有するため、レアメタルであるモリブデンを用いることなく、所望の性能を有するアンテナ反射鏡面等が得られる。また、この発明に係るメッシュ構造体によれば、ジルコニウム銅繊維およびステンレス鋼繊維を含む編物または織物であるため、金メッキモリブデン繊維からなるメッシュ構造体よりも安価に製造できる。
　また、本発明は、メッシュ構造体の製造方法であって、ジルコニウム銅繊維の素線またはステンレス鋼繊維の素線と、水溶性繊維の素線とを含む第１の編物または第１の織物を形成する工程と、前記第１の編物または前記第１の織物を水中に浸漬して、前記水溶性繊維の素線を溶解し、前記ジルコニウム銅繊維の素線または前記ステンレス鋼繊維の素線を含む第２の編物または第２の織物を形成する工程と、を有する。
　この発明に係るメッシュ構造体の製造方法によれば、第１の編物または第１の織物を形成する際に、水溶性繊維の素線により、素線同士の間に生じる摩擦を低減し、素線同士の接触によって、素線が折れることを防止できる。また、第１の編物または第１の織物の形状を保ったまま、水溶性繊維の素線を容易に除去できる。
　この発明に係るメッシュ構造体によれば、資源の確保が容易であり、導電性、弾性率、機械的強度、熱膨張率において、金メッキモリブデン繊維と同等の性能を発揮することができる。
本発明の実施形態に係るメッシュ構造体の概略構成を示す平面図である。 本発明の実施形態に係るアンテナ反射鏡の概略構成を示す斜視図である。 本発明の実施形態に係る電磁シールド材の概略構成を示す斜視図である。 本発明の実施形態に係る導波管の概略構成を示す斜視図である。 本発明の実施形態に係る導波管の概略構成を示し、図４のＡ－Ａ線に沿う断面図である。 本発明の実施形態に係る導波管の概略構成を示す斜視図である。 本発明の実施形態に係る導波管の概略構成を示し、図６のＢ－Ｂ線に沿う断面図である。
［メッシュ構造体］
　以下、図１を参照して、本実施形態のメッシュ構造体について説明する。
　図１は、本実施形態のメッシュ構造体の概略構成を示す平面図である。
　本実施形態のメッシュ構造体１は、図１に示すように、素線１０を含む編物である。言い換えれば、本実施形態のメッシュ構造体１は、素線１０を用いてメッシュ状（網目状）に編成した編物である。
　図１には、メッシュ構造体１が、素線１０をトリコット編みした編物である場合を例示する。本実施形態のメッシュ構造体１は、素線１０をトリコット編みした編物に限定されない。本実施形態のメッシュ構造体１は、素線１０をニット編みした編物、素線１０をメリヤス編みした編物、素線１０をダブルアトラス編みした編物、素線１０をシングルサテン編みした編物等であってもよい。
　メッシュ構造体１が編物である場合、編み幅の大きさは特に限定されず、メッシュ構造体１の用途等に応じて適宜調整される。例えば、メッシュ構造体１を、アンテナ反射鏡面として用いる場合、編物の編み幅の大きさは、アンテナ反射鏡面によって送信および受信する電波の波長に応じて調整される。
　また、本実施形態のメッシュ構造体１は、素線１０を含む織物であってもよい。言い換えれば、本実施形態のメッシュ構造体１は、素線１０を経糸および緯糸として用い、その経糸および緯糸を交互に交差させて密に織り上げた平織の織物であってもよく、経糸または緯糸のいずれかを織物の表面に長く浮かせて織り上げる繻子織の織物であってもよく、経糸と緯糸を３本以上、上下に組合せて連続させ織物の表面に斜めの線を浮き出させる綾織の織物であってもよい。
　素線１０は、ジルコニウム銅繊維の素線またはステンレス鋼繊維の素線である。素線１０は、ジルコニウム銅繊維の単繊維またはステンレス鋼繊維の単繊維であってもよく、ジルコニウム銅繊維の単繊維またはステンレス鋼繊維の単繊維を２本以上束ねた繊維の束であってもよい。
　ジルコニウム銅繊維は、銅にジルコニウムを０．２５ａｔ％（アトミック・パーセント）～５．０ａｔ％添加した合金を伸線加工した繊維である。ジルコニウム銅繊維は、導電性が高く、弾性率が高く、機械的強度が高く、熱膨張率が低く、導電率は１５％ＩＡＣＳ～９５％ＩＡＣＳであり、機械的強度は４５０ＭＰａ～２０００ＭＰａであり、熱膨張係数は１．８×１０－５／℃程度のジルコニウム銅繊維が好ましく用いられる。
　ステンレス鋼繊維は、ステンレス鋼を伸線加工した繊維である。ステンレス鋼繊維は、機械的強度が高く、公知のステンレス鋼繊維を用いることができる。
　素線１０の直径は、特に限定されず、メッシュ構造体１の用途等に応じて適宜調整される。
　ジルコニウム銅繊維の素線の表面またはステンレス鋼繊維の素線の表面には、メッキ層が設けられていてもよい。メッキ層は、ジルコニウム銅繊維の素線の表面およびステンレス鋼繊維の素線の表面を平滑にする。これにより、素線１０を編んで編物とした場合に、素線１０同士の間に生じる摩擦を低減し、素線１０同士の接触によって、素線１０が折れることを防止できる。
　メッキ層としては、金メッキ層、ニッケルメッキ層が挙げられる。
　メッキ層の厚さは、ジルコニウム銅繊維の素線の表面またはステンレス鋼繊維の素線の表面を平滑にすることができれば、特に限定されない。
　メッキ層の形成方法としては、電解メッキ法または無電解メッキ法が用いられる。
　本実施形態のメッシュ構造体１は、ジルコニウム銅繊維またはステンレス鋼繊維を含む編物または織物であるため、任意の形状をなすことができる柔軟性を有する。
　本実施形態のメッシュ構造体１によれば、ジルコニウム銅繊維またはステンレス鋼繊維が、導電性、弾性率、機械的強度および熱膨張率において、金メッキモリブデン繊維と同等の性能を有するため、レアメタルであるモリブデンを用いることなく、所望の性能を有するアンテナ反射鏡面等が得られる。また、本実施形態のメッシュ構造体１は、ジルコニウム銅繊維またはステンレス鋼繊維を含む編物または織物であるため、金メッキモリブデン繊維からなるメッシュ構造体よりも安価に製造できる。
［メッシュ構造体の製造方法］
　本実施形態のメッシュ構造体の製造方法は、ジルコニウム銅繊維の素線またはステンレス鋼繊維の素線と、水溶性繊維の素線とを含む第１の編物または第１の織物を形成する工程（以下、「第１の工程」と言う。）と、第１の編物または第１の織物を水中に浸漬して、水溶性繊維の素線を溶解し、ジルコニウム銅繊維の素線またはステンレス鋼繊維の素線を含む第２の編物または第２の織物を形成する工程（以下、「第２の工程」と言う。）と、を有する。
　ここで、ジルコニウム銅繊維の素線またはステンレス鋼繊維の素線を「第１の素線」、水溶性繊維の素線を「第２の素線」という場合がある。
　第１の工程では、第１の素線と第２の素線を合わせてメッシュ状に形成し、第１の編物または第１の織物を形成する。具体的には、第１の素線と第２の素線を束ねて素線の束とし、その素線の束をメッシュ状に形成し、第１の編物または第１の織物を形成する。
　第１の素線は、ジルコニウム銅繊維の単繊維またはステンレス鋼繊維の単繊維であってもよく、ジルコニウム銅繊維の単繊維またはステンレス鋼繊維の単繊維を２本以上束ねた繊維の束であってもよい。
　第１の素線と第２の素線の束は、第１の素線と第２の素線が撚られて形成されていてもよく、第１の素線と第２の素線が互いにそれぞれの長手方向に沿って接するように形成されていてもよい。
　第１の工程にて第１の編物を形成する場合、第１の素線と第２の素線の束を用いて、トリコット編み、ニット編み、メリヤス編み、ダブルアトラス編み、シングルサテン編み等により、第１の編物を形成する。
　また、メッシュ構造体を、例えば、アンテナ反射鏡として用いる場合、第１の編物の編み幅の大きさを、アンテナ反射鏡によって送信および受信する電波の波長に応じて調整する。
　第１の工程にて第１の織物を形成する場合、第１の素線と第２の素線の束を用いて、平織、繻子織、綾織等により、第１の織物を形成する。
　水溶性繊維の素線を構成する樹脂としては、レゾール型フェノール樹脂、メチロール化ユリア（尿素）樹脂、メチロール化メラミン樹脂、ポリビニルアルコール、ポリエチレンオキシド、ポリアクリルアミド、カルボキシメチルセルロース等が挙げられるが、これらに限定されず、公知の水溶性樹脂を用いることができる。
　水溶性繊維の素線の直径は、特に限定されず、メッシュ構造体の用途等に応じて適宜調整される。
　第２の工程では、第１の編物または第１の織物を水中に浸漬して、第１の編物または第１の織物を形成する水溶性繊維の素線を溶解し、ジルコニウム銅繊維の素線またはステンレス鋼繊維の素線を含む第２の編物または第２の織物を形成する。第１の編物または第１の織物を水中に浸漬すると、第１の編物または第１の織物を形成していた水溶性繊維の素線のみが溶解して消失し、ジルコニウム銅繊維の素線またはステンレス鋼繊維の素線が、第１の編物または第１の織物の形状を保持したまま残る。これにより、ジルコニウム銅繊維の素線またはステンレス鋼繊維の素線を含む第２の編物または第２の織物が得られる。
　第２の編物は、第１の編物から水溶性繊維の素線を除去したものである。第２の織物は、第１の織物から水溶性繊維の素線を除去したものである。すなわち、第２の編物または第２の織物は、上述のメッシュ構造体である。
　水溶性繊維の素線を溶解する際、水の温度は特に限定されないが、水溶性繊維の素線を短時間で溶解することができる温度であることが好ましい。
　本実施形態のメッシュ構造体の製造方法によれば、ジルコニウム銅繊維の素線またはステンレス鋼繊維の素線と、水溶性繊維の素線とを含む第１の編物または第１の織物を形成する第１の工程を有するため、第１の編物または第１の織物を形成する際に、水溶性繊維の素線により、素線同士の間に生じる摩擦を低減し、素線同士の接触によって、素線が折れることを防止できる。また、本実施形態のメッシュ構造体の製造方法によれば、第１の編物または第１の織物を水中に浸漬して、水溶性繊維の素線を溶解し、ジルコニウム銅繊維の素線またはステンレス鋼繊維の素線を含む第２の編物または第２の織物を形成する第２の工程を有するため、第１の編物または第１の織物の形状を保ったまま、水溶性繊維の素線を容易に除去して、ジルコニウム銅繊維の素線またはステンレス鋼繊維の素線を含む編物または織物であるメッシュ構造体を得ることができる。
［アンテナ反射鏡］
　図２は、本実施形態のアンテナ反射鏡の概略構成を示す斜視図である。
　本実施形態のアンテナ反射鏡１００は、図２に示すように、上述のメッシュ構造体１を含む。詳細には、本実施形態のアンテナ反射鏡１００では、上述のメッシュ構造体１がアンテナ反射鏡面１３０を構成する。
　図２に示すように、本実施形態のアンテナ反射鏡１００は、アンテナ展開機構１１０と、アンテナ展開機構１１０の位相角度を調整するバンド１２０と、アンテナ反射鏡面１３０と、を含む。なお、図２では、アンテナ反射鏡面１３０として、それを構成するメッシュ構造体１のみを示している。
　アンテナ展開機構１１０は、リンク機構により収容状態と展開状態との間で変形可能に構成されている。アンテナ展開機構１１０は、例えば、六角形の頂点となる位置にメッシュ構造体１を取り付けるための支持部材を含む。
　メッシュ構造体１は、折り畳み可能な柔軟性を有していてもよい。
　アンテナ反射鏡１００は、折り畳まれた状態でロケットのフェアリング内に収容され、宇宙空間において図２に示す展開形状に展開される。展開された状態で、アンテナ展開機構１１０からメッシュ構造体１に適切な張力が与えられ、メッシュ構造体１が所定の形状に広げられ、アンテナ反射鏡面１３０を形成する。
　本実施形態のアンテナ反射鏡１００によれば、上述のメッシュ構造体１がアンテナ反射鏡面１３０を構成するため、メッシュ構造体１を構成するジルコニウム銅繊維またはステンレス鋼繊維が、導電性、弾性率、機械的強度および熱膨張率において、金メッキモリブデン繊維と同等の性能を有するから、所望の通信性能（反射性能）を有するアンテナ反射鏡が得られる。
［電磁シールド材］
　図３は、本実施形態の電磁シールド材の概略構成を示す斜視図である。
　本実施形態の電磁シールド材２００は、図３に示すように、上述のメッシュ構造体１を含む。
　本実施形態の電磁シールド材２００は、図３に示すように、例えば、磁気記憶装置３００の外周を覆うように用いられる。
　磁気記憶装置３００は、磁気ディスク３１０と、磁気ディスク３１０に対して書込みおよび読出しを行うヘッド３２０と、磁気ディスク３１０およびヘッド３２０を収容する筐体３３０と、を含む。
　メッシュ構造体１が電磁シールド材２００を構成する場合、メッシュ構造体１の編み幅の大きさは、目的とする遮蔽性に応じて調整される。
　ここでは、電磁シールド材２００が筐体３３０の外周を覆っている場合を例示したが、本実施形態はこれに限定されない。本実施形態の電磁シールド材２００は筐体３３０と一体をなしていてもよい。すなわち、電磁シールド材２００が筐体３３０内に埋設されていてもよく、電磁シールド材２００が筐体３３０の外周面に接着されていてもよい。
　本実施形態の電磁シールド材２００は、例えば、パソコン、携帯電話、ディスプレイ等の電子機器やデバイス等、電磁シールドするために対象機器を限定せずに用いることができる。
　本実施形態の電磁シールド材２００によれば、上述のメッシュ構造体１を含むため、メッシュ構造体１を構成するジルコニウム銅繊維またはステンレス鋼繊維が、導電性、弾性率、機械的強度および熱膨張率において、金メッキモリブデン繊維と同等の性能を有するから、所望の遮蔽性を有する電磁シールド材が得られる。
［導波管］
　図４は、本実施形態の導波管の概略構成を示す斜視図である。図５は、本実施形態の導波管の概略構成を示し、図４のＡ－Ａ線に沿う断面図である。
　本実施形態の導波管４００は、図４および図５に示すように、上述のメッシュ構造体１を含む。
　本実施形態の導波管４００は、長手方向と垂直な断面形状が矩形状の管（中空体）からなる導波部４１０および導波部４１０の両端にそれぞれ連接するフランジ４２０，４２０を含む導波管本体４３０と、導波部４１０内において、内面４１０ａに沿って配置されたメッシュ構造体１と、を含む。
　導波部４１０の開口部４１１はフランジ４２０に設けられ、導波部４１０はフランジ４２０の表面４２０ａにて開口している。
　導波管本体４３０は、母材であるエポキシ樹脂等の樹脂と強化材である炭素繊維とを含む炭素繊維強化プラスチックで構成されている。
　本実施形態の導波管４００によれば、ＣＦＲＰ製の導波管本体４３０の導波部４１０の内面４１０ａに沿って上述のメッシュ構造体１が配置されているため、導波部４１０の内面４１０ａに金メッキ等により導電性の被膜を形成することなく、導波部４１０内において、電磁波を伝送することができる。すなわち、本実施形態の導波管４００によれば、従来のような、導波部４１０の内面４１０ａに金メッキ等により導電性の被膜を形成する工程が不要となるため、製造コストを低減することができる。
　なお、本実施形態の導波管４００では、導波部４１０の長手方向と垂直な断面形状が矩形状である場合を例示したが、本実施形態はこれに限定されない。本実施形態の導波管４００は、導波部４１０の長手方向と垂直な断面形状が正方形状、円形状、楕円形状等であってもよい。
［導波管］
　図６は、本実施形態の導波管の概略構成を示す斜視図である。図７は、本実施形態の導波管の概略構成を示し、図６のＢ－Ｂ線に沿う断面図である。
　本実施形態の導波管５００は、図６および図７に示すように、上述のメッシュ構造体１を含む。
　本実施形態の導波管５００は、長手方向と垂直な断面形状が矩形状の管（中空体）からなる蛇腹ホース状の導波部５１０および導波部５１０の両端にそれぞれ連接するフランジ５２０，５２０を含む導波管本体５３０と、導波部５１０に内張されたメッシュ構造体１と、を含む。
　導波部５１０の開口部５１１はフランジ５２０に設けられ、導波部５１０はフランジ５２０の表面５２０ａにて開口している。
　導波管本体５３０は、金属、プラスチック、炭素繊維強化プラスチック等からなる。
　本実施形態の導波管５００は、蛇腹ホース状の導波部５１０と導波部５１０に内張された上述のメッシュ構造体１を有するため、柔軟性（可撓性）を有する。
　本実施形態の導波管５００によれば、蛇腹ホース状の導波部５１０に上述のメッシュ構造体１が内張されているため、導波部５１０内にメッシュ構造体１からなる平滑な導波路を形成することができる。その結果、導波部５１０内を伝送する電磁波の損失を減らすことができる。
　なお、本実施形態の導波管５００では、導波部５１０の長手方向と垂直な断面形状が矩形状である場合を例示したが、本実施形態はこれに限定されない。本実施形態の導波管５００は、導波部５１０の長手方向と垂直な断面形状が正方形状、円形状、楕円形状等であってもよい。
　上記したメッシュ構造体は、資源の確保が容易であり、導電性、弾性率、機械的強度、熱膨張率において、金メッキモリブデン繊維と同等の性能を発揮することができる。
　１　　メッシュ構造体
　１０　　素線
　１００　　アンテナ反射鏡
　１１０　　アンテナ展開機構
　１２０　　バンド
　１３０　　アンテナ反射鏡面
　２００　　電磁シールド材
　３００　　磁気記憶装置
　３１０　　磁気ディスク
　３２０　　ヘッド
　３３０　　筐体
　４００，５００　　導波管
　４１０，５１０　　導波部
　４１１，５１１　　開口部
　４２０，５２０　　フランジ
　４３０，５３０　　導波管本体

Claims (6)

  1. 　ジルコニウム銅繊維の素線またはステンレス鋼繊維の素線を含む編物または織物である
    　メッシュ構造体。
  2. 　前記ジルコニウム銅繊維の素線の表面および前記ステンレス鋼繊維の素線の表面にメッキ層が設けられている
    　請求項１に記載のメッシュ構造体。
  3. 　請求項１または２に記載のメッシュ構造体を含む
    　アンテナ反射鏡。
  4. 　請求項１または２に記載のメッシュ構造体を含む
    　電磁シールド材。
  5. 　請求項１または２に記載のメッシュ構造体を含む中空体である
    　導波管。
  6. 　ジルコニウム銅繊維の素線またはステンレス鋼繊維の素線と、水溶性繊維の素線とを含む第１の編物または第１の織物を形成する工程と、
    　前記第１の編物または前記第１の織物を水中に浸漬して、前記水溶性繊維の素線を溶解し、前記ジルコニウム銅繊維の素線または前記ステンレス鋼繊維の素線を含む第２の編物または第２の織物を形成する工程と、を有する
    　メッシュ構造体の製造方法。
PCT/JP2020/002984 2019-01-28 2020-01-28 メッシュ構造体およびその製造方法、アンテナ反射鏡、電磁シールド材、導波管 WO2020158733A1 (ja)

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