WO2020148886A1 - 負熱膨張材料微粒子群、複合材料及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
負熱膨張材料微粒子群、複合材料及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020148886A1 WO2020148886A1 PCT/JP2019/001456 JP2019001456W WO2020148886A1 WO 2020148886 A1 WO2020148886 A1 WO 2020148886A1 JP 2019001456 W JP2019001456 W JP 2019001456W WO 2020148886 A1 WO2020148886 A1 WO 2020148886A1
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- C01G31/00—Compounds of vanadium
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- the present invention relates to a negative thermal expansion material fine particle group, a composite material, and a manufacturing method thereof.
- a negative thermal expansion material whose lattice volume decreases (has a negative linear expansion coefficient) with an increase in temperature is also known.
- a composite material that suppresses thermal expansion by mixing ⁇ -Cu 2 V 2 O 7 having a negative linear expansion coefficient and Al having a positive linear expansion coefficient (for example, Non-Patent Documents). 1.).
- ⁇ -Cu 2 V 2 O 7 exhibits a negative thermal expansion of ⁇ 5 to ⁇ 6 ppm/K as a linear expansion coefficient in a temperature range of room temperature to 200° C.
- Non-Patent Document 2 Controlling thermal expansion of resin films, adhesives, interlayer fillers, and substrates is indispensable for controlling thermal expansion in the electronic device field, but it is assumed that these members will be used in a size of about several ⁇ m. However, it is necessary to miniaturize the thermal expansion inhibitor from submicron to about 1 ⁇ m in order to realize it.
- an object of the present disclosure is to provide a negative thermal expansion material fine particle group, a composite material, and a method for producing the same, which show a large negative thermal expansion in a wide temperature range even when they are made into fine particles.
- one aspect of the present disclosure provides the following negative thermal expansion material fine particle group, composite material, and manufacturing method thereof.
- Cu 2-X R X V 2 O 7 (R is Zn, Ga, at least one element selected from Fe) is represented by, has a negative coefficient of linear expansion, a laser diffraction / scattering
- a negative thermal expansion material fine particle group comprising fine particles having a volume frequency median particle diameter (median diameter) of 30 nm to 5 ⁇ m measured by a particle diameter distribution evaluation method.
- a composite material containing the negative thermal expansion material fine particle group in a thermosetting resin is provided.
- a metal-based composite material of a metal and the negative thermal expansion material fine particle group is provided.
- a method for producing a negative thermal expansion material fine particle group which comprises a heating step of heat-treating the mist obtained in the mist forming step in a temperature range of 600° C. to 1000° C. while circulating the mist with a carrier gas.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram for explaining a method for manufacturing a negative thermal expansion material fine particle group according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a graph showing the linear thermal expansion of the negative thermal expansion material, the epoxy resin and the composite material thereof in the examples.
- FIG. 3A is an FE-SEM (field emission scanning electron microscope) image showing the structure of the negative thermal expansion material fine particle group in the example.
- FIG. 3B is an FE-SEM (field emission scanning electron microscope) image showing the structure of the negative thermal expansion material fine particle group in the example.
- FIG. 3B is an FE-SEM (field emission scanning electron microscope) image showing the structure of the negative thermal expansion material fine particle group in the example.
- FIG. 3B is an FE-SEM (field emission scanning electron microscope) image showing the structure of the negative thermal expansion material fine particle group in the example.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram for explaining a method for manufacturing a negative thermal expansion material fine particle group according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a graph showing the linear thermal
- FIG. 4A is an FE-SEM (field emission scanning electron microscope) image showing the structure of the negative thermal expansion material fine particle group in the example.
- FIG. 4B is an FE-SEM (field emission scanning electron microscope) image showing the structure of the negative thermal expansion material fine particle group in the example.
- FIG. 4C is a FE-SEM (field emission scanning electron microscope) image showing the structure of the negative thermal expansion material fine particle group in the example.
- FIG. 5A is an FE-SEM (field emission scanning electron microscope) image showing the structure of the negative thermal expansion material fine particle group in the example.
- FIG. 5B is an FE-SEM (field emission scanning electron microscope) image showing the structure of the negative thermal expansion material fine particle group in the example.
- FIG. 5A is an FE-SEM (field emission scanning electron microscope) image showing the structure of the negative thermal expansion material fine particle group in the example.
- FIG. 5B is an FE-SEM (field emission scanning electron microscope) image showing the structure of the negative thermal expansion material fine particle group
- FIG. 5B is an FE-SEM (field emission scanning electron microscope) image showing the structure of the negative thermal expansion material fine particle group in the example.
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing a diffraction intensity distribution of negative thermal expansion material fine particle groups by X-ray diffraction in Examples.
- FIG. 7A is an FE-SEM (field emission scanning electron microscope) image showing the structure of the negative thermal expansion material fine particle group in the example.
- FIG. 7B is an FE-SEM (field emission scanning electron microscope) image showing the structure of the negative thermal expansion material fine particle group in the example.
- FIG. 7C is an FE-SEM (field emission scanning electron microscope) image showing the structure of the negative thermal expansion material fine particle group in the example.
- FIG. 7D is an FE-SEM (field emission scanning electron microscope) image showing the structure of the negative thermal expansion material fine particle group in the example.
- FIG. 7E is a FE-SEM (field emission scanning electron microscope) image showing the structure of the negative thermal expansion material fine particle group in the example.
- FIG. 8A is an FE-SEM (field emission scanning electron microscope) image showing the structure of the negative thermal expansion material fine particle group in the example.
- FIG. 8B is an FE-SEM (field emission scanning electron microscope) image showing the structure of the negative thermal expansion material fine particle group in the example.
- FIG. 8C is an FE-SEM (field emission scanning electron microscope) image showing the structure of the negative thermal expansion material fine particle group in the example.
- FIG. 8A is an FE-SEM (field emission scanning electron microscope) image showing the structure of the negative thermal expansion material fine particle group in the example.
- FIG. 8B is an FE-SEM (field emission scanning electron microscope) image showing the structure of the negative thermal expansion material fine particle group
- FIG. 8D is an FE-SEM (field emission scanning electron microscope) image showing the structure of the negative thermal expansion material fine particle group in the example.
- FIG. 8E is an FE-SEM (field emission scanning electron microscope) image showing the structure of the negative thermal expansion material fine particle group in the example.
- FIG. 9A is an FE-SEM (field emission scanning electron microscope) image showing the structure of the negative thermal expansion material fine particle group in the example.
- FIG. 9B is an FE-SEM (field emission scanning electron microscope) image showing the structure of the negative thermal expansion material fine particle group in the example.
- FIG. 9C is a FE-SEM (field emission scanning electron microscope) image showing the structure of the negative thermal expansion material fine particle group in the example.
- FIG. 9A is an FE-SEM (field emission scanning electron microscope) image showing the structure of the negative thermal expansion material fine particle group in the example.
- FIG. 9B is an FE-SEM (field emission scanning electron microscope) image showing the structure of the negative thermal expansion material fine particle group
- FIG. 9D is an FE-SEM (field emission scanning electron microscope) image showing the structure of the negative thermal expansion material fine particle group in the example.
- FIG. 9E is an FE-SEM (field emission scanning electron microscope) image showing the structure of the negative thermal expansion material fine particle group in the example.
- FIG. 10 is a graph showing a diffraction intensity distribution by X-ray diffraction of negative thermal expansion material fine particle groups in Examples.
- FIG. 11A is an FE-SEM (field emission scanning electron microscope) image showing the structure of the negative thermal expansion material fine particle group in the example.
- FIG. 11B is an FE-SEM (field emission scanning electron microscope) image showing the structure of the negative thermal expansion material fine particle group in the example.
- FIG. 11C is an FE-SEM (field emission scanning electron microscope) image showing the structure of the negative thermal expansion material fine particle group in the example.
- FIG. 11D is an FE-SEM (field emission scanning electron microscope) image showing the structure of the negative thermal expansion material fine particle group in the example.
- FIG. 11E is an FE-SEM (field emission scanning electron microscope) image showing the structure of the negative thermal expansion material fine particle group in the example.
- FIG. 12A is an FE-SEM (field emission scanning electron microscope) image showing the structure of a negative thermal expansion material fine particle group in an example.
- FIG. 12B is an FE-SEM (field emission scanning electron microscope) image showing the structure of the negative thermal expansion material fine particle group in the example.
- FIG. 12A is an FE-SEM (field emission scanning electron microscope) image showing the structure of a negative thermal expansion material fine particle group in an example.
- FIG. 12B is an FE-SEM (field emission scanning electron microscope) image showing the structure of the negative thermal expansion material fine particle
- FIG. 12C is an FE-SEM (field emission scanning electron microscope) image showing the structure of the negative thermal expansion material fine particle group in the example.
- FIG. 12D is an FE-SEM (field emission scanning electron microscope) image showing the structure of the negative thermal expansion material fine particle group in the example.
- FIG. 12E is an FE-SEM (field emission scanning electron microscope) image showing the structure of the negative thermal expansion material fine particle group in the example.
- FIG. 13A is an FE-SEM (field emission scanning electron microscope) image showing the structure of the negative thermal expansion material fine particle group in the example.
- FIG. 13B is an FE-SEM (field emission scanning electron microscope) image showing the structure of the negative thermal expansion material fine particle group in the example.
- FIG. 13A is an FE-SEM (field emission scanning electron microscope) image showing the structure of the negative thermal expansion material fine particle group in the example.
- FIG. 13B is an FE-SEM (field emission scanning electron microscope) image showing the structure of the negative thermal expansion material fine particle group in
- FIG. 13C is an FE-SEM (field emission scanning electron microscope) image showing the structure of the negative thermal expansion material fine particle group in the example.
- FIG. 13D is an FE-SEM (field emission scanning electron microscope) image showing the structure of the negative thermal expansion material fine particle group in the example.
- FIG. 13E is an FE-SEM (field emission scanning electron microscope) image showing the structure of the negative thermal expansion material fine particle group in the example.
- FIG. 14 is a graph showing a diffraction intensity distribution of negative thermal expansion material fine particle groups in an example by X-ray diffraction.
- FIG. 15A is an SEM image of the negative thermal expansion material fine particle group in the example and shows the measurement points.
- FIG. 15B is an image obtained by the EBSD method in the SEM corresponding to the measurement points.
- FIG. 15C is an image obtained by the EBSD method in the SEM corresponding to the measurement points.
- FIG. 15D is an image obtained by the EBSD method in the SEM corresponding to the measurement points.
- FIG. 15E is an image obtained by the EBSD method in the SEM corresponding to the measurement points.
- FIG. 15F is an image obtained by the EBSD method in the SEM corresponding to the measurement points.
- FIG. 15G is an image obtained by the EBSD method in the SEM corresponding to the measurement points.
- FIG. 15H is an image obtained by the EBSD method in the SEM corresponding to the measurement points.
- FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram for explaining the structure of fine particles of the negative thermal expansion material.
- FIG. 17 is a graph showing the linear thermal expansion of the negative thermal expansion material, aluminum and their composite materials in the examples.
- ⁇ -Cu 2 V 2 O 7 having a rectangular crystal structure is of interest as a multiferroic substance in which ferroelectricity and weak paramagnetism coexist, but it has a relatively wide temperature range above room temperature including room temperature. In the region, anisotropic thermal deformation of the crystal lattice, which is probably due to pyroelectricity, is observed. As a result, negative thermal expansion occurs in which the unit cell volume shrinks with increasing temperature in a wide temperature range.
- Cu 2 V 2 O 7 can assume a monoclinic ⁇ -phase and a triclinic ⁇ -phase in addition to the orthorhombic ⁇ -phase. Therefore, the present inventors have found that when a part of the Cu site is replaced with another element, it exhibits negative thermal expansion characteristics that cannot be realized by the conventional ⁇ -Cu 2 V 2 O 7 system, A negative thermal expansion material fine particle group having the above structure, a composite material containing the negative thermal expansion material fine particle group, and a method for producing the same were devised.
- fine particles means an aggregate composed of smaller single crystal grains (see FIG. 16)
- fine particle group means volume frequency by a laser diffraction/scattering particle size distribution evaluation method. It is assumed to be an aggregate of fine particles having a median particle diameter (median diameter) of 5 ⁇ m or less.
- the “volume frequency median particle diameter (median diameter) by the laser diffraction/scattering particle diameter distribution evaluation method” may be simply referred to as “particle diameter”.
- the particle size of the fine particles can be appropriately changed by changing the conditions of the manufacturing method described below.
- the method for producing the negative thermal expansion material utilizes a method for producing fine particles of metal oxide by a spray pyrolysis method (see, for example, Japanese Patent No. 5413898). The details will be described below.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram for a method of manufacturing a negative thermal expansion material fine particle group.
- the negative thermal expansion material manufacturing apparatus 100 includes a mist generator (not shown) that generates a mist 10 (aerosol) from a raw material solution, a flow passage 101 through which a carrier gas CG containing the mist 10 flows, and the mist 10 at 150 to 400° C.
- a drying furnace 102 for heating and drying, a thermal decomposition furnace 103 for thermally processing and drying the dried mist 13 at 600 to 1000° C., and a recovery device (not shown) for recovering the fine particles 16 generated as a result of thermal decomposition. Have and.
- various raw material reagents can be used for producing the negative thermal expansion material.
- an aqueous solution containing a raw material of a compound represented by Cu 2 ⁇ X R X V 2 O 7 (R is at least one element selected from Zn, Ga, and Fe) and an organic acid, or an inorganic salt aqueous solution An organic metal compound aqueous solution is prepared and used (preparation step).
- the bulk body exhibits negative thermal expansion characteristics even in the ⁇ phase as described in Non-Patent Document 1, even if the ⁇ phase crystal structure is obtained, the negative thermal expansion material of the present disclosure is obtained.
- the method of producing fine particles is effective. That is, the crystal structure obtained in the present disclosure is not necessarily limited to the ⁇ phase, and may be the ⁇ phase as long as other requirements such as the linear expansion coefficient are satisfied. This point should also be considered.
- oxides such as copper oxide, zinc oxide, and vanadium pentoxide can be used.
- organic acid of the aqueous solution for example, citric acid, acetic acid, or the like can be used.
- the inorganic salt aqueous solution and the organic metal compound aqueous solution can be used, for example, metal nitrate, metal acetate, metal sulfate, metal chloride, metal fatty acid, metal alkoxide, metal acetylacetonate, or nitric acid, hydrochloric acid for metal.
- an aqueous solution dissolved with sulfuric acid or the like may be used.
- mist the solution obtained in the preparation process with a mist generator such as an ultrasonic vibrator or a two-fluid nozzle to form mist 10 (mist formation process).
- the diameter of the liquid droplets forming the mist 10 is adjusted by changing the mist generation method or the like.
- the mist 10 generated in the mist forming step is heat-treated in the temperature range of 150° C. to 400° C. while being circulated by the carrier gas CG in the heating space corresponding to the drying furnace 102 in the flow passage 101 (drying step).
- the mist 10 flowing through the heating space of the drying furnace 102 is heated in the temperature range of 150° C. to 400° C., whereby the mist 11, the mist 12, and the mist 13 are gradually dried.
- Air for example, is used as the carrier gas CG for circulating the mists 10 to 13.
- an inert gas such as nitrogen gas or argon gas, or a reducing gas such as hydrogen gas may be used.
- heat treatment is performed in the temperature range of 600° C. to 1000° C. while circulating the heating space in the flow passage 101 corresponding to the thermal decomposition furnace 103 with the carrier gas CG (heating step).
- the dried product 14 flowing through the heating space of the thermal decomposition furnace 103 is further heated in the temperature range of 600° C. to 1000° C., and undergoes thermal decomposition and solid phase reaction, and most of the particles 15 during thermal decomposition are fine particles after thermal decomposition. It will be 16.
- the resultant product obtained in the heating step is heat-treated (baked) again in a temperature range of 600° C. to 1000° C. (secondary baking step).
- the secondary firing process is performed in a predetermined atmosphere using an electric furnace or the like.
- the dry product 14 which has not been thermally decomposed and the particles 15 which are being thermally decomposed that is, the particles of the organic acid salt, which are contained in the product, are decomposed into fine particles 16 which are collected as a fine particle group.
- the secondary firing process is not always necessary. For example, by securing more heating space corresponding to the thermal decomposition furnace 103 in the heating step and adjusting the flow rate of the carrier gas CG, the same as in the case where the secondary firing step is performed without the secondary firing step.
- the fine particles 16 of the negative thermal expansion material can be obtained.
- the manufacturing cost can be reduced as compared with the case where the secondary firing step is performed separately from the heating step.
- the structure of the fine particles contained in the fine particle group produced by the above manufacturing method is schematically shown in FIG.
- FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram for explaining the structure of the fine particles 16.
- the fine particles 16 are a set of a plurality of crystal grains 160 to 163 and are polycrystalline.
- the crystal structure of the crystal grains 160 to 163 will be described later with reference to FIGS. 15A to 15H.
- thermosetting resin such as an epoxy resin in a desired volume ratio.
- a mixing method a blade mixer, a spinning revolving agitator, or the like is adopted.
- raw material reagents (powder) of CuO, ZnO, and V 2 O 5 weighed in a stoichiometric ratio were mixed in a mortar and baked in the atmosphere at a temperature of 670° C. for 10 hours.
- the obtained powder was ground in a mortar and dissolved in pure water together with anhydrous citric acid.
- 3 g of anhydrous citric acid and 100 mL of pure water were added to 1 g of the sample powder, and stirred using a magnetic stirrer until the sample powder was dissolved.
- V 2 O 5 it may be used for example V 2 O 3.
- the obtained aqueous solution was mist-ized to a droplet diameter of 3 ⁇ m, under the conditions of a drying furnace temperature of 400° C., a pyrolysis furnace temperature of 600° C., a carrier gas CG flow rate of 3.8 L/min, and a residence time in the mist furnace of 7 sec.
- the particles were heated to produce particles of the negative thermal expansion material having an average particle diameter of 2 ⁇ m.
- the obtained particles were subjected to secondary firing at 670° C. for 10 minutes to obtain a negative thermal expansion material fine particle group.
- the average particle diameter of the obtained ⁇ -Cu 1.8 Zn 0.2 V 2 O 7 fine particle group was 2 ⁇ m.
- the obtained fine particle group and the epoxy resin were mixed in a volume ratio of 50:50 to prepare a composite material.
- FIG. 2 is a graph showing the linear thermal expansion of the negative thermal expansion material, the epoxy resin and the composite material thereof in the examples.
- the linear thermal expansion of the negative thermal expansion material was measured on the sample obtained by sintering the fine particles. Since the linear thermal expansion of the negative thermal expansion material is not linear with respect to temperature, the numerical values of the linear expansion coefficient ⁇ shown below are averaged values.
- the prediction of the composite rule (broken line in the graph) is a volume ratio, assuming that the negative thermal expansion material and the epoxy resin each exhibit their own thermal expansion in the composite material.
- the coefficient of linear expansion ⁇ of the negative thermal expansion material composed of ⁇ -Cu 1.8 Zn 0.2 V 2 O 7 obtained in the above example was ⁇ 10 ppm/K.
- the linear expansion coefficient of the epoxy resin is 70 ppm/K
- the linear expansion coefficient of the composite material of the negative thermal expansion material and the epoxy resin is about 26.7 ppm/K, which is suppressed more than the linear expansion coefficient of the epoxy resin. It can be seen that the prediction of the compound rule is somewhat suppressed.
- the above composite material is a mixture of epoxy resin and negative thermal expansion material at a volume ratio of 50:50.
- the compounding ratio of the composite material of resin and negative thermal expansion inorganic material particles is changed, A detailed analysis of how the thermal expansion of the resin is suppressed has been reported in non-patent literature (K. Take Naka and and M. From the results of the examples of the present disclosure (blended at a volume ratio of 50:50), it can be easily inferred that thermal expansion is suppressed depending on the blending ratio even at other blending ratios.
- the obtained fine particle group and aluminum powder were mixed in a volume ratio of 30/70, respectively, and then inserted into a carbon die, and a discharge plasma sintering apparatus (Syntex Lab; manufactured by SPS Syntex). To obtain a composite material.
- the sintering conditions were 40 MPa, 375° C., and 5 minutes in a vacuum or an argon atmosphere.
- FIG. 17 is a graph showing the linear thermal expansion of the negative thermal expansion material, aluminum and their composite materials in the examples.
- the linear thermal expansion of the negative thermal expansion material is the same as in FIG.
- the prediction of the composite rule (broken line in the graph) is a volume ratio, assuming that the negative thermal expansion material and aluminum each exhibit their own thermal expansion in the composite material.
- the linear thermal expansion coefficient ⁇ of the negative thermal expansion material composed of ⁇ -Cu 1.8 Zn 0.2 V 2 O 7 obtained in the above example was ⁇ 10 ppm/K.
- the coefficient of linear expansion of aluminum is about 20 ppm/K
- the coefficient of linear expansion of the composite material of negative thermal expansion material and aluminum is about 17 ppm/K, which is suppressed as compared with the coefficient of linear expansion of aluminum. It turns out that it is a little big.
- the composite material is a negative thermal expansion material and aluminum compounded in a volume ratio of 30:70, respectively.
- the result of the example of the present disclosure (compounded in a volume ratio of 30:70) From the above, it can be inferred that the thermal expansion is suppressed depending on the blending ratio even with other blending ratios.
- the compounding of aluminum and the negative thermal expansion material is not limited to sintering, and any method may be used as long as the compounding results in a metal-based composite material.
- the secondary firing conditions were changed for the fine particles obtained under the conditions of the above-mentioned examples, and the secondary firing step was performed under a plurality of conditions.
- the fine particles are placed in an electric furnace, the temperature is raised from room temperature to a target firing temperature at a temperature rate of 10° C./min, and then secondary firing is performed while maintaining the temperature as described, and then at room temperature. By lowering the temperature to.
- FIGS. 3A to 3C are obtained by photographing fine particle groups obtained by generating the secondary firing step in the atmosphere at 670° C. for 5 hours. Further, the scanning microscope images of FIGS. 4A to 4C are obtained by photographing the fine particle group obtained by generating the secondary firing step in the atmosphere at 620° C. for 5 hours. Further, the scanning microscope images of FIGS. 5A to 5C are obtained by photographing the fine particle group obtained by the secondary firing step in the atmosphere at 580° C. for 5 hours. Further, FIG. 6 is a graph showing the diffraction intensity distribution obtained from the X-ray diffraction of the negative thermal expansion material fine particle group when the temperature condition of the secondary firing step is changed.
- 3A to 3C are FE-SEM (field emission scanning electron microscope) images showing the structure of the negative thermal expansion material fine particle group in the example.
- 3A to 3C are scanning electron microscope images of the negative thermal expansion material fine particle groups observed at different magnifications (3,000 times, 5,000 times, 10,000 times), respectively, and the particle shapes of the fine particle groups are shown. Was confirmed to be well controlled. A scanning electron microscope manufactured by JEOL Ltd. was used for the observation.
- 4A to 4C are FE-SEM (field emission scanning electron microscope) images showing the structure of the negative thermal expansion material fine particle group in the example.
- 4A to 4C are scanning electron microscope images of negative thermal expansion material fine particle groups observed at different magnifications (3,000 times, 5,000 times, 10,000 times), respectively, and the particle shapes of the fine particle groups are shown. Was confirmed to be well controlled.
- 5A to 5C are FE-SEM (field emission scanning electron microscope) images showing the structure of the negative thermal expansion material fine particle group in the example.
- 5A to 5C are scanning electron microscope images of negative thermal expansion material fine particle groups observed at different magnifications (3,000 times, 5,000 times, 10,000 times), respectively, and the particle shapes of the fine particle groups are shown. Was confirmed to be well controlled.
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing a diffraction intensity distribution by X-ray diffraction of the negative thermal expansion material fine particle group in the example.
- the crystal structure is good under any temperature condition of the secondary firing process.
- FIGS. 7A to 7E show that the secondary firing step was performed at 670° C. in the atmosphere for 2 hours; 5° C./min, 1 hr; 5° C./min, 20 min; 5° C., respectively. /Min, 10 min; 5° C./min, 10 min; 10° C./min.
- the scanning microscope images in FIGS. 8A to 8E and FIGS. 9A to 9E are obtained by changing the imaging magnification under the same conditions as in FIGS. 7A to 7E.
- FIG. 10 is a graph showing a diffraction intensity distribution obtained from the X-ray diffraction of the negative thermal expansion material fine particle group when the temperature condition of the secondary firing step is changed.
- 7A to 7E are FE-SEM (field emission scanning electron microscope) images showing the structure of the negative thermal expansion material fine particle group in the example.
- 7A to 7E are scanning electron microscope images obtained by observing negative thermal expansion material fine particle groups at 3,000 times. A scanning electron microscope manufactured by JEOL Ltd. was used for the observation.
- 8A to 8E are FE-SEM (field emission scanning electron microscope) images showing the structure of the negative thermal expansion material fine particle group in the example.
- 8A to 8E are scanning electron microscope images obtained by observing the negative thermal expansion material fine particle group at a magnification of 5,000.
- 9A to 9E are FE-SEM (field emission scanning electron microscope) images showing the structure of the negative thermal expansion material fine particle group in the example.
- 9A to 9E are scanning electron microscope images of the negative thermal expansion material fine particle group observed at 10,000 times.
- the sintering time was 20 min or less under the condition of 670° C., and the particle shape of the fine particle group was well controlled with less sintering.
- the firing time was 1 hr or more, the amount of sintering was large and the particle shape of the fine particle group was not well controlled.
- FIG. 10 is a graph showing a diffraction intensity distribution by X-ray diffraction of a negative thermal expansion material fine particle group in an example.
- composition is good under any temperature condition of the secondary firing process.
- FIGS. 11A to 11E show the secondary firing step in an atmosphere of 750° C.; 10 min; 40° C./min, 720° C.; 10 min; 40° C./min, 580° C.; 10 min; 40, respectively. C./min, 670.degree. C.; 10 min; 40.degree. C./min, 670.degree. C.; 10 min; 10.degree. C./min.
- the scanning microscope images in FIGS. 12A to 12E and FIGS. 13A to 13E are obtained by changing the imaging magnification under the same conditions as in FIGS. 11A to 11E.
- FIG. 14 is a graph showing a diffraction intensity distribution obtained from the X-ray diffraction of the negative thermal expansion material fine particle group when the temperature condition of the secondary firing step is changed.
- 11A to 11E are FE-SEM (field emission scanning electron microscope) images showing the structure of the negative thermal expansion material fine particle group in the example.
- 11A to 11E are scanning electron microscope images obtained by observing negative thermal expansion material fine particle groups at 3,000 times. A scanning electron microscope manufactured by JEOL Ltd. was used for the observation.
- 12A to 12E are FE-SEM (field emission scanning electron microscope) images showing the structure of the negative thermal expansion material fine particle group in the example.
- 12A to 12E are scanning electron microscope images obtained by observing negative thermal expansion material fine particle groups at a magnification of 5,000.
- 13A to 13E are FE-SEM (field emission scanning electron microscope) images showing the structure of the negative thermal expansion material fine particle group in the example.
- 13A to 13E are scanning electron microscope images obtained by observing the negative thermal expansion material fine particle group at 10,000 times.
- the firing temperature was 670° C. or lower under the firing time of 10 min, and the particle shape of the fine particle group was well controlled with less sintering.
- the firing temperature was 720° C. or higher, the amount of sintering was large and the particle shape of the fine particle group was not well controlled.
- FIG. 14 is a graph showing a diffraction intensity distribution by X-ray diffraction of a negative thermal expansion material fine particle group in an example.
- composition is good under any temperature condition of the secondary firing process.
- FIG. 15A is a SEM (scanning electron microscope) image (inclination 0°) of the negative thermal expansion material fine particle group in the example, showing measurement points p 1 to p 7 .
- FIGS. 15B to 15H are images obtained by the EBSD method in the SEM (scanning electron microscope) corresponding to the measurement points p 1 to p 7 (lower image. The upper image shows the measurement point, the inclination is shown). (SEM image at 70°).
- the heating step was performed under the conditions of a drying furnace temperature of 400° C., a pyrolysis furnace temperature of 600° C., a carrier gas CG flow rate of 3.8 L/min, and a residence time in the mist furnace of 7 sec at 670° C.
- the secondary firing step is performed under the conditions of 10 min and 10° C./min, the fine particle group of the negative thermal expansion material generated is embedded in an epoxy resin, a cross-section sample is prepared by ion milling, and the acceleration voltage is 20 kV. I took a picture.
- fine particles are composed of a plurality of crystal grains.
- the measurement points p 1 to p 3 belong to the first crystal grain
- the measurement point p 4 belongs to the second crystal grain
- the measurement point p 5 belongs to the third crystal grain
- the measurement points p 6 to p 7 are It belongs to the fourth crystal grain.
- the first crystal grains are crystal grains because the measurement points p 1 to p 3 in the first crystal grains have the same crystal structure.
- the fourth crystal grains are crystal grains because the measurement points p 6 to p 7 in the fourth crystal grains have the same crystal structure.
- the first crystal grains, the second crystal grains, the third crystal grains, and the fourth crystal grains have different crystal structures. That is, the fine particles have a structure in which different crystal grains are aggregated.
- the negative thermal expansion material is manufactured as a group of fine particles, it can be easily mixed with a desired resin, and since it is fine particles, a composite material that is uniformly diffused throughout the resin can be obtained. It is possible to obtain the effect of suppressing the thermal expansion uniformly.
- a negative thermal expansion material fine particle group having a large negative thermal expansion in a wide temperature range and having desired particle characteristics, a composite material, and a manufacturing method thereof.
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Abstract
Description
また、熱硬化樹脂中に前記負熱膨張材料微粒子群を含む複合材料を提供する。
また、金属と前記負熱膨張材料微粒子群との金属基複合材料を提供する。
また、Cu2‐XRXV2O7(RはZn、Ga、Feから選ばれる少なくとも1種の元素)で表される化合物の原材料及び有機酸からなる水溶液、又は無機塩水溶液、有機金属化合物水溶液を調製する調製工程と、
前記調製工程で得られた溶液をミスト化するミスト化工程と、
前記ミスト化工程で得られたミストをキャリアガスにより流通させながら600℃~1000℃の温度範囲で加熱処理する加熱工程とを有する負熱膨張材料微粒子群の製造方法を提供する。
(負熱膨張材料微粒子群の構成)
本願開示において、発明者らは負熱膨張が発現する物質の候補として、Cu2V2O7系に注目した。結晶構造が直方晶のα‐Cu2V2O7は、強誘電と弱常磁性が共存するマルチフェロイック物質として関心が持たれているが、室温を含むそれより高温側の比較的広い温度域で、焦電性に起因すると思われる、結晶格子の異方的な熱変形が見られる。この結果、広い温度範囲で温度の上昇に伴いユニットセル体積が収縮する負熱膨張が発現する。
次に、本実施の形態の負熱膨張材料微粒子群の製造方法について説明する。
上記実施の形態で説明した負熱膨張材料の製造方法に基づき、β‐Cu1.8Zn0.2V2O7の微粒子群を作製した(x=0.2)。
以下の図3A~図3Cの走査型顕微鏡画像は、二次焼成工程を大気雰囲気下、670℃、5hrの条件で生成して得られた微粒子群を撮影して得られたものである。また、図4A~図4Cの走査型顕微鏡画像は、二次焼成工程を大気雰囲気下、620℃、5hrの条件で生成して得られた微粒子群を撮影して得られたものである。また、図5A~図5Cの走査型顕微鏡画像は、二次焼成工程を大気雰囲気下、580℃、5hrの条件で生成して得られた微粒子群を撮影して得られたものである。さらに、図6は、二次焼成工程の温度条件を変更した場合における負熱膨張材料微粒子群のX線回折から得られた回折強度分布を示すグラフ図である。
以下の図7A~図7Eの走査型顕微鏡画像は、二次焼成工程を大気雰囲気下、670℃であって、それぞれ時間を2hr;5℃/min、1hr;5℃/min、20min;5℃/min、10min;5℃/min、10min;10℃/minの条件で生成して得られた微粒子群を撮影して得られたものである。また、図8A~図8E並びに図9A~図9Eの走査型顕微鏡画像は、図7A~図7Eと同様の条件で撮影倍率を変更したものである。さらに、図10は、二次焼成工程の温度条件を変更した場合における負熱膨張材料微粒子群のX線回折から得られた回折強度分布を示すグラフ図である。
以下の図11A~図11Eの走査型顕微鏡画像は、二次焼成工程を大気雰囲気下、それぞれ750℃;10min;40℃/min、720℃;10min;40℃/min、580℃;10min;40℃/min、670℃;10min;40℃/min、670℃;10min;10℃/minの条件で生成して得られた微粒子群を撮影して得られたものである。また、図12A~図12E並びに図13A~図13Eの走査型顕微鏡画像は、図11A~図11Eと同様の条件で撮影倍率を変更したものである。さらに、図14は、二次焼成工程の温度条件を変更した場合における負熱膨張材料微粒子群のX線回折から得られた回折強度分布を示すグラフ図である。
上記した実施の形態及び実施例によれば、Cu2‐XRXV2O7(RはZn、Ga、Feから選ばれる少なくとも1種の元素。Xは、0.1~1。)で表される化合物の原材料及び有機酸からなる水溶液等を調製し、ミスト化してキャリアガスとともに乾燥、加熱して微粒子群を製造するようにしたため、レーザー回折/散乱式粒子径分布評価法による体積頻度中心粒径(メジアン径)を30nm~5μmの範囲に微粒子化した場合であっても、100~700Kという広い温度範囲において負の線膨張係数を有する負熱膨張材料を製造することができる。さらに、実施例においてはα=‐10ppm/Kの線膨張係数を達成することができた。
なお、本開示は、上記実施の形態に限定されず、上記実施の形態で説明した各工程や各材料の組み合わせの変更、削除、追加等は本開示の要旨を変更しない範囲内で可能である。
14 :乾燥結果物
15 :粒子
16 :微粒子
100 :負熱膨張材料製造装置
101 :流通路
102 :乾燥炉
103 :熱分解炉
CG :キャリアガス
Claims (11)
- 一般式(1)Cu2‐XRXV2O7(RはZn、Ga、Feから選ばれる少なくとも1種の元素)で表され、負の線膨張係数を有し、レーザー回折/散乱式粒子径分布評価法による体積頻度中心粒径(メジアン径)が30nm~5μmの微粒子からなる負熱膨張材料微粒子群。
- 前記一般式(1)におけるXは、0.1~1であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の負熱膨張材料微粒子群。
- 前記RはZnであることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の負熱膨張材料微粒子群。
- 前記酸化物微粒子は、単斜晶のβ相であることを特徴とする請求項1―3のいずれか1項に記載の負熱膨張材料微粒子群。
- 100~700Kの温度範囲において線膨張係数が‐4ppm/K以下であることを特徴とする請求項1‐4のいずれか1項に記載の負熱膨張材料微粒子群。
- 熱硬化樹脂中に請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の負熱膨張材料微粒子群を含む複合材料。
- 金属と請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の負熱膨張材料微粒子群との金属基複合材料。
- Cu2‐XRXV2O7(RはZn、Ga、Feから選ばれる少なくとも1種の元素)で表される化合物の原材料及び有機酸からなる水溶液、又は無機塩水溶液、有機金属化合物水溶液を調製する調製工程と、
前記調製工程で得られた溶液をミスト化するミスト化工程と、
前記ミスト化工程で得られたミストをキャリアガスにより流通させながら600℃~1000℃の温度範囲で加熱処理する加熱工程とを有する負熱膨張材料微粒子群の製造方法。 - 前記ミスト化工程の後、前記加熱工程の前に150℃~400℃の温度範囲で前記ミストを加熱処理する乾燥工程をさらに有する請求項8に記載の負熱膨張材料微粒子群の製造方法。
- 前記加熱工程により得られた負熱膨張材料の微粒子を580℃~1000℃の温度範囲で熱処理する二次焼成工程をさらに有する請求項8又は9に記載の負熱膨張材料微粒子群の製造方法。
- 前記二次焼成工程は580℃~670℃の温度範囲で、10~600分間熱処理する請求項10に記載の負熱膨張材料微粒子群の製造方法。
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