WO2020147678A1

WO2020147678A1 - Opposed-piston, three-stroke internal combustion linear generator

Info

Publication number: WO2020147678A1
Application number: PCT/CN2020/071764
Authority: WO
Inventors: 田维; 李锦会; 伍欢; 韩志强; 吴学舜
Original assignee: 西华大学
Priority date: 2019-01-16
Filing date: 2020-01-13
Publication date: 2020-07-23
Also published as: CN109736945A

Abstract

An opposed-piston, three-stroke internal combustion linear generator comprises a machine body (1) and the following components sequentially provided toward the interior of the machine body (1): a coil winding (2), an armature (3) and a main shaft (4). A main shaft position sensor (5) is fixed at the main shaft (4). Two pistons (110, 210) are oppositely arranged at two ends of the main shaft (4) and coaxially installed with the armature (3). Each piston is provided with corresponding parts including a hydraulic exhaust valve (101, 201), an air inlet valve (104, 204), an air inlet (105, 205) and a spark plug (112, 212). The air inlet valves are arranged at two opposed pistons, thereby overcoming a structural defect in a transfer port of a conventional two-stroke engine. Moreover, reconfiguration of the stroke of the engine overcomes inherent shortcomings of conventional two-stroke engines, thereby enhancing exhaust and fuel consumption performance of the engine.

Description

A three-stroke internal combustion linear generator set with opposed pistons

Technical field

The invention belongs to the field of piston internal combustion engines, in particular to an opposed piston three-stroke internal combustion engine with a linear generator set, which can be used to organize the combustion process of an ignition type and a compression ignition type free piston internal combustion generator set.

Background technique

In recent years, due to the energy problems of internal combustion engines and environmental pollution, linear free-piston internal combustion generator sets have received attention from researchers, and there are related research results in China and other countries. However, the current free piston generator sets are basically developed based on the two-stroke principle, so the inherent shortcomings of the two-stroke internal combustion engine appear on the upper free piston internal combustion generator set without reservation.

Summary of the invention

In order to solve some inherent shortcomings of a free piston generator set based on the principle of a two-stroke internal combustion engine and combine the characteristics of a free piston engine, the present invention provides an opposed piston three-stroke internal combustion linear generator set.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

An opposed-piston three-stroke internal combustion linear generator set, comprising a body, from which a coil winding, an armature and a main shaft are arranged in order from the main body to the inside of the machine body, and a main shaft position sensor is fixed on the main shaft;

A first cylinder barrel is fixed on the left side of the body, a first piston is arranged in the first cylinder barrel, and a first piston ring is arranged in the ring groove of the first piston; the left and right sides of the first piston are respectively A first cylinder chamber and a first air chamber; a first hydraulic exhaust valve and a first spark plug are fixed on the first cylinder barrel on the side of the first cylinder chamber, and the head of the first hydraulic exhaust valve faces the first In the cylinder chamber, a first air inlet is opened on the first cylinder barrel on the side of the first air chamber, and the first air inlet is provided with a one-way valve that only allows air to flow into the engine; the first piston is provided with The first intake valve, the head of the first intake valve faces the first cylinder chamber; a first timing cam is installed on the first cylinder barrel, and the first timing cam is connected to the first timing cam through the first camshaft. Electric motor, and the first camshaft is perpendicular to the first intake valve, and the position of the first timing cam corresponds to the rear position of the first intake valve;

A second cylinder barrel is fixed on the right side of the body, a second piston is arranged in the second cylinder barrel, and a second piston ring is arranged in the ring groove of the second piston; the left and right sides of the second piston are respectively The second air chamber and the second cylinder chamber. A second hydraulic exhaust valve and a second spark plug are fixed on the second cylinder barrel on the side of the second cylinder chamber. The head of the second hydraulic exhaust valve faces the second In the cylinder cavity, a second air inlet is opened on the second cylinder barrel on the side of the second air cavity, and the second air inlet is equipped with a one-way valve that only allows air to flow into the engine; the second piston is provided with The second intake valve, the head of the second intake valve faces the second cylinder cavity; a second timing cam is installed on the second cylinder barrel, and the second timing cam is connected to the second timing cam through the second camshaft. Electric motor, and the second camshaft is perpendicular to the second intake valve, and the position of the second timing cam corresponds to the rear position of the second intake valve;

A first piston is fixed on the left side of the spindle, and a second piston is fixed on the right side to form an opposed piston; it also includes an electronic control unit ECU that receives information from the spindle position sensor, including position information and frequency information According to the information received from the spindle position sensor, the ignition timing of the first spark plug and the second spark plug, the fuel injection amount of the fuel injector, and the rotation of the first motor and the second motor are controlled.

Further, there are two pairs of the first hydraulic exhaust valve, the first intake valve and the first timing cam; there are also two pairs of the second hydraulic exhaust valve, the second intake valve and the second timing cam. Correct.

Further, there are two first air inlets and two second air inlets.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1) The stroke of the engine is reorganized, which overcomes the inherent shortcomings of the two-stroke engine, and is beneficial to improve the engine's emissions and fuel consumption.

2) Arranging the intake valve on the piston solves the structural defect of the scavenging port in the two-stroke engine.

3) Using the electric motor to control the control cam of the intake valve can realize variable valve timing and lift, which provides a prerequisite for optimizing the performance of the free piston engine.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a three-stroke internal combustion linear generator set with opposed pistons according to the present invention.

In the figure: 1- body; 2- coil winding; 3- armature; 4- main shaft; 5- main shaft position sensor; 101- first hydraulic exhaust valve; 102- first cylinder barrel; 103- first cylinder chamber; 104-first intake valve; 105-first air inlet; 106-first air chamber; 107-first timing cam; 108-first camshaft; 109-first motor; 110-first piston; 111 -First piston ring; 112- first spark plug; 201- second hydraulic exhaust valve; 202- second cylinder barrel; 203- second cylinder chamber; 204- second intake valve; 205- second air inlet; 206-second air chamber; 207-second timing cam; 208-second camshaft; 209-second motor; 210-second piston; 211-second piston ring; 212-second spark plug.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in Figure 1, an opposed-piston three-stroke internal combustion linear generator set according to the present invention has a structure including a generator part, a free piston internal combustion engine part and a control system, as follows:

Generator part: including the body 1, from the body 1 to the inside of the body, a coil winding 2 (fixed part, fixed to the body 1), armature 3 (movable part) and a spindle 4 are arranged in sequence from the body 1 to the inside of the body. The spindle position sensor is fixed on the spindle 4 5;

Free piston internal combustion engine part (including cylinder barrel, two sets of piston components, two sets of intake systems, two sets of exhaust systems, two spark plugs, etc.): a first cylinder barrel 102 is fixed on the left side of the body 1, the A first piston 110 is arranged in the first cylinder barrel 102, and a first piston ring 111 is arranged in the ring groove of the first piston 110; the left and right sides of the first piston 110 are the first cylinder cavity 103 and the first air cavity respectively 106; The first hydraulic exhaust valve 101 and the first spark plug 112 are fixed on the first cylinder 102 on the side of the first cylinder chamber 103 (the first hydraulic exhaust valve 101 is equipped with hydraulic components, which can drive the first A hydraulic exhaust valve 101 opens and closes; the first spark plug 112 is installed next to the first hydraulic exhaust valve 101), the head of the first hydraulic exhaust valve 101 faces the first cylinder chamber 103, and is in the first air chamber 106 The first cylinder tube 102 on this side is provided with a first air inlet 105, and the first air inlet 105 is equipped with a one-way valve that only allows air to flow into the engine; the first piston 110 is provided with a first air inlet 105 Door 104, the head of the first intake valve 104 faces the first cylinder chamber 103; a first timing cam 107 is installed on the first cylinder barrel 102, and the first timing cam 107 is connected by a first camshaft 108 To the first motor 109, and the first camshaft 108 is perpendicular to the first intake valve 104, and the position of the first timing cam 107 corresponds to the rear position of the first intake valve 104;

A second cylinder barrel 202 is fixed on the right side of the body 1, a second piston 210 is provided in the second cylinder barrel 202, and a second piston ring 211 is provided in the ring groove of the second piston 210; The left and right sides of the piston 210 are respectively a second air chamber 206 and a second cylinder chamber 203. A second hydraulic exhaust valve 201 and a second spark plug 212 (No. 2) are fixed on the second cylinder barrel 202 on the side of the second cylinder chamber 203. A hydraulic component is installed on the second hydraulic exhaust valve 201, which can drive the second hydraulic exhaust valve 201 to open and close; the second spark plug 212 is installed beside the second hydraulic exhaust valve 201), the second hydraulic exhaust valve The head of 201 faces the second cylinder cavity 203. A second air inlet 205 is opened on the second cylinder barrel 202 on the side of the second air cavity 206. The second air inlet 205 is installed with a device that only allows air to flow into the engine. One-way valve; the second piston 210 is provided with a second intake valve 204, the head of the second intake valve 204 faces the second cylinder cavity 203; a second timing cam is installed on the second cylinder barrel 202 207. The second timing cam 207 is connected to the second motor 209 through the second camshaft 208, and the second camshaft 208 is perpendicular to the second intake valve 204. The second timing cam 207 is positioned at the same position as the second intake valve. The position of the tail of the door 204 corresponds;

A first piston 110 is fixed on the left side of the main shaft 4, and a second piston 210 is fixed on the right side to form opposed pistons, that is, two pistons are installed opposite to each other at both ends of the main shaft 4, and the piston and the armature 3 are installed coaxially ；

Control system: including the electronic control unit ECU, which receives information from the spindle position sensor 5, including position information and frequency information, and controls the first spark plug 112 and the second spark plug according to the received spindle position sensor 5 information The ignition timing of 212, the fuel injection volume of the fuel injector, and the rotation of the first motor 109 and the second motor 209 (the first motor 109 and the second motor 209 drive the first camshaft 108 and the second camshaft 208 to rotate respectively, and finally The distance between the timing cam on the camshaft and the tail of the intake valve can be changed, which is equivalent to changing the lift curve of the engine valve).

Of course, in an actual generator set application, there are two pairs of the first hydraulic exhaust valve 101, the first intake valve 104 and the first timing cam 107; the second hydraulic exhaust valve 201, the second intake valve There are also two pairs of 204 and second timing cam 207. There are two first air inlets 105, and there are also two second air inlets 205.

The working process of the opposed-piston three-stroke internal combustion linear generator set (mainly the piston internal combustion engine part) adopting the above structure is as follows:

When the engine is stopped, the intake and exhaust valves of one cylinder must be fully closed. Take the fully closed valve of the first cylinder (the cylinder on the left in Figure 1) as an example. In the stop state, the first cylinder is fully closed and the cylinder contains premixed gas. At this time, the first cylinder is controlled to ignite and the pressure of the first cylinder rises. Push the moving part to the right, the second cylinder (the right cylinder in Figure 1) is compressed, and compressed to a suitable position, the second cylinder ignites, and the engine can be started by reciprocating.

As shown in Figure 1, in the working process, when the piston moves to the left, the pressure in the first cylinder rises after the first intake valve 104 is closed and ignites at a certain moment; at the same time, the first air chamber 106 becomes larger and the air The vacuum enters into the first air chamber 106; at the same time, the second air chamber 206 becomes smaller. Because the air chamber has a one-way valve, the pressure in the second air chamber 206 will rise, which is equivalent to pressurization. After reaching a certain position, the second intake valve 204 opens, and air will surely enter the second cylinder under the action of positive pressure. After the first ignition, the pressure in the first cylinder will rise sharply, which will eventually push the piston to the right; when the piston moves to a certain position, the first hydraulic exhaust valve 101 opens for exhaust, and the second intake valve 204 There is no definite relationship between closing and opening of the first hydraulic exhaust valve 101; after the second intake valve 204 is closed, the pressure in the second cylinder rises and ignites at a certain moment; at the same time, the second air chamber 206 becomes larger, and the air is under the action of vacuum Enter the second air chamber 206; at the same time, the first air chamber 106 becomes smaller. Because the air chamber has a one-way valve, the pressure in the first air chamber 106 will rise, which is equivalent to pressurization. When it moves to a certain position The first intake valve 104 opens, and air will surely enter the first cylinder under the action of positive pressure. After the second cylinder is ignited, the process similar to that of the first cylinder is repeated.

During the whole working process, the cylinder of the engine includes 3 independent strokes: (1) Intake and compression strokes. When the free piston of the engine is at the far end, the intake valve on the piston opens, under the action of positive air pressure in the air chamber. , The air enters the cylinder cavity from the air cavity; after the intake valve is closed, the piston begins to compress the cylinder volume from the distal end. The main function of this stroke is to compress the air to prepare for ignition. (2) Expansion work, free exhaust, and scavenging stroke. After the engine volume is compressed to the minimum volume, the engine ignites, and then the gas in the cylinder expands to work. When the expansion reaches a certain level, the hydraulic exhaust valve opens and the engine starts to exhaust freely; After the free exhaust reaches a certain level, the intake valve opens, and under the action of the positive pressure air in the air cavity, air enters the cylinder cavity to sweep out the exhaust gas in the cylinder cavity. (3) Air intake and pre-compression stroke. When the piston compresses the air in the cylinder cavity, the vacuum formed on the back of the piston draws air into the air cavity of the engine from the outside; when the high-pressure gas in the cylinder cavity does work on the piston, The back of the piston pre-compresses the air entering the engine air chamber.

Claims

An opposed piston three-stroke internal combustion linear generator set, comprising a body (1), characterized in that a coil winding (2), an armature (3) and a main shaft (4) are sequentially arranged from the body (1) to the inside of the body. A spindle position sensor (5) is fixed on the spindle (4);

A first cylinder barrel (102) is fixed on the left side of the body (1), a first piston (110) is provided in the first cylinder barrel (102), and a ring groove of the first piston (110) is provided The first piston ring (111);

The left and right sides of the first piston (110) are respectively a first cylinder cavity (103) and a first air cavity (106); the first cylinder barrel (102) on the side of the first cylinder cavity (103) is fixed The first hydraulic exhaust valve (101) and the first spark plug (112), the head of the first hydraulic exhaust valve (101) faces the first cylinder chamber (103), on the side of the first air chamber (106) A first air inlet (105) is opened on the first cylinder barrel (102) of the first air inlet (105), and a one-way valve that only allows air to flow into the engine is installed on the first air inlet (105);

A first intake valve (104) is provided on the first piston (110), and the head of the first intake valve (104) faces the first cylinder chamber (103);

A first timing cam (107) is installed on the first cylinder barrel (102), the first timing cam (107) is connected to the first motor (109) through the first camshaft (108), and the first The camshaft (108) is perpendicular to the first intake valve (104), and the position of the first timing cam (107) corresponds to the rear position of the first intake valve (104);

A second cylinder barrel (202) is fixed on the right side of the body (1), a second piston (210) is provided in the second cylinder barrel (202), and a ring groove of the second piston (210) is provided The second piston ring (211);

The left and right sides of the second piston (210) are respectively a second air cavity (206) and a second cylinder cavity (203), and the second cylinder barrel (202) on the side of the second cylinder cavity (203) is fixed The second hydraulic exhaust valve (201) and the second spark plug (212), the head of the second hydraulic exhaust valve (201) faces the second cylinder chamber (203), on the side of the second air chamber (206) A second air inlet (205) is opened on the second cylinder barrel (202) of the second air inlet (205), and a one-way valve that only allows air to flow into the engine is installed on the second air inlet (205);

The second piston (210) is provided with a second intake valve (204), and the head of the second intake valve (204) faces the second cylinder chamber (203);

A second timing cam (207) is installed on the second cylinder barrel (202), the second timing cam (207) is connected to the second motor (209) through the second camshaft (208), and the second The camshaft (208) is perpendicular to the second intake valve (204), and the position of the second timing cam (207) corresponds to the rear position of the second intake valve (204);

A first piston (110) is fixed on the left side of the main shaft (4), and a second piston (210) is fixed on the right side to form an opposed piston; it also includes an electronic control unit ECU, which receives the position sensor from the main shaft (5) information, including position information and frequency information, according to the received spindle position sensor (5) information to control the ignition timing of the first spark plug (112) and the second spark plug (212), and the fuel injection volume of the injector And the rotation of the first motor (109) and the second motor (209).
The opposed-piston three-stroke internal combustion linear generator set according to claim 1, wherein the first hydraulic exhaust valve (101), the first intake valve (104) and the first timing cam ( 107) has two pairs; the second hydraulic exhaust valve (201), the second intake valve (204) and the second timing cam (207) also have two pairs.
The opposed-piston three-stroke internal combustion linear generator set according to claim 1, wherein there are two first air inlets (105) and two second air inlets (205).